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Huang L, Li Z, Sun C, Yin S, Wang B, Duan T, Liu Y, Li J, Pu G. Genome-wide identification, molecular characterization, and gene expression analyses of honeysuckle NHX antiporters suggest their involvement in salt stress adaptation. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13214. [PMID: 35462769 PMCID: PMC9029436 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ion homeostasis is an essential process for the survival of plants under salt stress. Na+/H+ antiporters (NHXs) are secondary ion transporters that regulate Na+ compartmentalization or efflux reduce Na+ toxicity and play a critical role during plant development and stress responses. Methods and Results To gain insight into the functional divergence of NHX genes in honeysuckle, a total of seven LjNHX genes were identified on the whole genome level and were renamed according to their chromosomal positions. All LjNHXs possessed the Na+/H+ exchanger domain and the amiloride-binding site was presented in all NHX proteins except LjNHX4. The phylogenetic analysis divided the seven NHX genes into Vac-clade (LjNHX1/2/3/4/5/7) and PM-clade (LjNHX6) based on their subcellular localization and validated by the distribution of conserved protein motifs and exon/intron organization analysis. The protein-protein interaction network showed that LjNHX4/5/6/7 shared the same putatively interactive proteins, including SOS2, SOS3, HKT1, and AVP1. Cis-acting elements and gene ontology (GO) analysis suggested that most LjNHXs involve in the response to salt stress through ion transmembrane transport. The expression profile analysis revealed that the expression levels of LjNHX3/7 were remarkably affected by salinity. These results suggested that LjNHXs play significant roles in honeysuckle development and response to salt stresses. Conclusions The theoretical foundation was established in the present study for the further functional characterization of the NHX gene family in honeysuckle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Huang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | | | - Chunyong Sun
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shijie Yin
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Tongyao Duan
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jia Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Gaobin Pu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Vafadar F, Amooaghaie R, Ehsanzadeh P, Ghanati F. Melatonin improves the photosynthesis in Dracocephalum kotschyi under salinity stress in a Ca 2+/CaM-dependent manner. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2021; 49:89-101. [PMID: 34794543 DOI: 10.1071/fp21233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated: (1) the effects of various concentrations of melatonin (MT) and Ca2+; and (2) the impact of crosstalk between these signal molecules on photosynthesis and salt tolerance of Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss. Results indicated that 5mM CaCl2, as well as 100μM MT were the best concentrations for increasing shoot dry weight, leaf area, SPAD index, maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), and decreasing malondialdehyde content under salinity stress. The impact of MT on growth and photosynthesis was closely linked to its effect on enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities in leaves. Application of p-chlorophenylalanine, as an inhibitor of MT biosynthesis, negated the impacts of MT on the aforementioned attributes. Salinity and MT boosted cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. Exogenous MT, as well as Ca2+, enhanced tolerance index, membrane stability, leaf area, the content of chlorophyll (Chl) a, Chl b, and carotenoids (Car), Fv/Fm, and stomatal conductance under salinity stress. These impacts of MT were eliminated by applying a calmodulin antagonist, a Ca2+ chelator and a Ca2+ channel blocker. These novel findings indicate that the MT-induced effects on photosynthetic parameters and salt-evoked oxidative stress were mediated through calcium/calmodulin (Ca2+/CaM) signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farinaz Vafadar
- Plant Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Rayhaneh Amooaghaie
- Plant Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran; and Biotechnology Research Institute, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Parviz Ehsanzadeh
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Faezeh Ghanati
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), POB 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
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Gao Y, Sun Y, Ou Y, Zheng X, Feng Q, Zhang H, Fei Y, Luo J, Resco de Dios V, Yao Y. Pretreating poplar cuttings with low nitrogen ameliorates salt stress responses by increasing stored carbohydrates and priming stress signaling pathways. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 225:112801. [PMID: 34560614 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is a widespread stress in semi-arid forests worldwide, but how to manage nitrogen (N) nutrition to improve plant saline tolerance remains unclear. Here, the cuttings of a widely distributed poplar from central Asia, Populus russikki Jabl., were exposed to either normal or low nitrogen (LN) concentrations for two weeks in semi-controlled greenhouse, and then they were added with moderate salt solution or not for another two weeks to evaluate their physiological, biochemical, metabolites and transcriptomic profile changes. LN-pretreating alleviated the toxicity caused by the subsequent salt stress in the poplar plants, demonstrated by a significant reduction in the influx of Na+ and Cl- and improvement of the K+/Na+ ratio. The other salt-stressed traits were also ameliarated, indicated by the variations of chlorophyll content, PSII photochemical activity and lipid peroxidation. Stress alleviation resulted from two different processes. First, LN pretreatment caused a significant increase of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC), allowed for an increased production of osmolytes and a higher potential fueling ion transport under subsequent salt condition, along with increased transcript levels of the cation/H+ ATPase. Second, LN pretreatment enhanced the transcript levels of stress signaling components and phytohormones pathway as well as antioxidant enzyme activities. The results indicate that early restrictions of N supply could enhance posterior survival under saline stress in poplar plants, which is important for plantation programs and restoration activities in semi-arid areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Gao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Yufang Sun
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
| | - Yongbin Ou
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Xinhua Zheng
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Qian Feng
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Yang Fei
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Jie Luo
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry Information, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Víctor Resco de Dios
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; Department of Crop and Forest Sciences & Joint Research Unit CTFC-AGROTECNIO-CERCA Center, Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida,Spain.
| | - Yinan Yao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
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Huang L, Li Z, Fu Q, Liang C, Liu Z, Liu Q, Pu G, Li J. Genome-Wide Identification of CBL-CIPK Gene Family in Honeysuckle ( Lonicera japonica Thunb.) and Their Regulated Expression Under Salt Stress. Front Genet 2021; 12:751040. [PMID: 34795693 PMCID: PMC8593244 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.751040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In plants, calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) are a unique group of Ca2+ sensors that decode Ca2+ signals by activating a family of plant-specific protein kinases known as CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs). CBL-CIPK gene families and their interacting complexes are involved in regulating plant responses to various environmental stimuli. To gain insight into the functional divergence of CBL-CIPK genes in honeysuckle, a total of six LjCBL and 17 LjCIPK genes were identified. The phylogenetic analysis along with the gene structure analysis divided both CBL and CBL-interacting protein kinase genes into four subgroups and validated by the distribution of conserved protein motifs. The 3-D structure prediction of proteins shown that most LjCBLs shared the same Protein Data Bank hit 1uhnA and most LjCIPKs shared the 6c9Da. Analysis of cis-acting elements and gene ontology implied that both LjCBL and LjCIPK genes could be involved in hormone signal responsiveness and stress adaptation. Protein-protein interaction prediction suggested that LjCBL4 is hypothesized to interact with LjCIPK7/9/15/16 and SOS1/NHX1. Gene expression analysis in response to salinity stress revealed that LjCBL2/4, LjCIPK1/15/17 under all treatments gradually increased over time until peak expression at 72 h. These results demonstrated the conservation of salt overly sensitive pathway genes in honeysuckle and a model of Ca2+-LjCBL4/LjSOS3-LjCIPK16/LjSOS2 module-mediated salt stress signaling in honeysuckle is proposed. This study provides insight into the characteristics of the CBL-CIPK gene families involved in honeysuckle salt stress responses, which could serve as a foundation for gene transformation technology, to obtain highly salt-tolerant medicinal plants in the context of the global reduction of cultivated land.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Li
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingxia Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Conglian Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Gaobin Pu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jia Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Pollastrini M, Salvatori E, Fusaro L, Manes F, Marzuoli R, Gerosa G, Brüggemann W, Strasser RJ, Bussotti F. Selection of tree species for forests under climate change: is PSI functioning a better predictor for net photosynthesis and growth than PSII? TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 40:1561-1571. [PMID: 32597979 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpaa084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) assessment was carried out on oak seedlings (Quercus ilex L., Quercus pubescens Willd., Quercus frainetto Ten.) of Italian and Greek provenance, during the years 2017 and 2018, in a common garden in central Italy planted in 2017. This trial aimed to test the relative performances of the oak species in the perspective of assisted migration as part of the actions for the adaptation of forests to climate change. The assessment of the photosynthetic performance of the tree species included the analysis of the prompt chlorophyll fluorescence (PF) transient and the modulated reflection (MR) at 820 nm, leaf chlorophyll content, leaf gas exchange (net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance), plant growth (i.e., height) and mortality rate after 2 years from the beginning of the experiment. The assessment of the performance of the three oak species was carried out 'in vivo'. Plants were generated from seeds and exposed to several environmental factors, including changing seasonal temperature, water availability, and soil biological and physical functionality. The results of PF indicate a stable functionality of the photosynthetic system PSII (expressed as FV/FM) across species and provenances and a decline in photochemistry functionality at the I-P phase (ΔVIP) in Q. frainetto, thus indicating a decline of the content of PSI in this species. This result was confirmed by the findings of MR analysis, with the speed of reduction and subsequent oxidation of PSI (VRED and VOX) strongly correlated to the amplitude of ΔVIP. The photosynthetic rates (net photosynthesis, PN) and growth were correlated with the parameters associated with PSI content and function, rather than those related to PSII. The low performance of Q. frainetto in the common garden seems to be related to early foliar senescence with the depletion of nitrogen, due to suboptimal climatic and edaphic conditions. Chlorophyll fluorescence allowed discrimination of populations of oak species and individuation of the less (or/and best) suitable species for future forest ecology and management purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Pollastrini
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Firenze, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144, Firenze, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Salvatori
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, R.C. Casaccia, Rome, Italy
| | - Lina Fusaro
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Fausto Manes
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Marzuoli
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Via Musei 41, 25121, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giacomo Gerosa
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Via Musei 41, 25121, Brescia, Italy
| | - Wolfgang Brüggemann
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main and Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Center Frankfurt am Main, Biologicum (Flügel D, 1. OG, Raum 1.420) Campu Riedberg, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Reto Jorg Strasser
- Bioenergetics and Microbiology Laboratory, University of Geneva, Jussy-Geneva CH-1254, Switzerland
- North West University South Africa, Potchefstroom, North-West Province, South Africa
| | - Filippo Bussotti
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Firenze, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144, Firenze, Italy
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