1
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Vaibhav V, Dutta S. Entropic timescales of dynamic heterogeneity in supercooled liquid. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:L062102. [PMID: 39020902 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.l062102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Non-Gaussian displacement distributions are universal predictors of dynamic heterogeneity in slowly varying environments. Here, we explore heterogeneous dynamics in supercooled liquid using molecular dynamics simulations and show the efficiency of the relative-entropy based measure, negentropy, in quantifying dynamic heterogeneity over the widely used non-Gaussian parameter. Our analysis shows that the heterogeneity quantified by the negentropy is significantly different from the one obtained using the conventional moment-based definition that considers deviation from Gaussianity up to lower-order moments. We extract the timescales of dynamic heterogeneity using the two methods and show that the differential changes diverge as the system experiences strong intermittency near the glass transition. Further, we interpret the entropic timescales and discuss the general implications of our work.
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2
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Parson WW, Burda C. Calculated solvent reorganization entropies, free energies, and fluctuations of the energy gaps for intramolecular electron transfer and excitation of the solvatochromic dye B30. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:154505. [PMID: 37861297 DOI: 10.1063/5.0164136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Intramolecular electron transfer between two biphenyl groups linked by an androstane spacer and excitation of the pyridinium-N-phenolate betaine dye B30 to the first excited singlet state are studied by quantum/classical molecular-dynamics simulations at temperatures between 150 and 300 K in solvents with a range of polarities. Temperature dependences of the solvent reorganization energies, free energies, entropies, and the inhomogeneous broadening of B30's absorption band are examined. The variances of fluctuations of the energy gap between the reactant and product states do not have the direct proportionality to temperature that often is assumed to hold. An explanation for the observations is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- William W Parson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Clemens Burda
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
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3
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Shen Z, Carrillo JMY, Sumpter BG, Wang Y. Mesoscopic two-point collective dynamics of glass-forming liquids. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:114501. [PMID: 37712790 DOI: 10.1063/5.0161866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The collective density-density and hydrostatic pressure-pressure correlations of glass-forming liquids are spatiotemporally mapped out using molecular dynamics simulations. It is shown that the sharp rise of structural relaxation time below the Arrhenius temperature coincides with the emergence of slow, nonhydrodynamic collective dynamics on mesoscopic scales. The observed long-range, nonhydrodynamic mode is independent of wave numbers and closely coupled to the local structural dynamics. Below the Arrhenius temperature, it dominates the slow collective dynamics on length scales immediately beyond the first structural peak in contrast to the well-known behavior at high temperatures. These results highlight a key connection between the qualitative change in mesoscopic two-point collective dynamics and the dynamic crossover phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Shen
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Jan-Michael Y Carrillo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Bobby G Sumpter
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
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4
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Nguyen V, Song X. Automated characterization of spatial and dynamical heterogeneity in supercooled liquids via implementation of machine learning. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:465401. [PMID: 37531967 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acecef] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
A computational approach by an implementation of the principle component analysis (PCA) withK-means and Gaussian mixture (GM) clustering methods from machine learning algorithms to identify structural and dynamical heterogeneities of supercooled liquids is developed. In this method, a collection of the average weighted coordination numbers (WCNs‾) of particles calculated from particles' positions are used as an order parameter to build a low-dimensional representation of feature (structural) space forK-means clustering to sort the particles in the system into few meso-states using PCA. Nano-domains or aggregated clusters are also formed in configurational (real) space from a direct mapping using associated meso-states' particle identities with some misclassified interfacial particles. These classification uncertainties can be improved by a co-learning strategy which utilizes the probabilistic GM clustering and the information transfer between the structural space and configurational space iteratively until convergence. A final classification of meso-states in structural space and domains in configurational space are stable over long times and measured to have dynamical heterogeneities. Armed with such a classification protocol, various studies over the thermodynamic and dynamical properties of these domains indicate that the observed heterogeneity is the result of liquid-liquid phase separation after quenching to a supercooled state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viet Nguyen
- Ames Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States of America
| | - Xueyu Song
- Ames Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States of America
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5
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Liu M, Liu H, Peng H. Orientational wetting and dynamical correlations toward glass transition on the surface of imidazolium-based ionic liquids. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:034701. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0099845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface induces many fascinating physical phenomena, such as dynamic acceleration, surface anchoring, and orientational wetting, and, thus, is of great interest to study. Here, we report classic molecular dynamics simulations on the free-standing surface of imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) [C4mim][PF6] and [C10mim][PF6]. On [C10mim][PF6] surface, a significant orientational wetting is observed, with the wetting strength showing a diverging tendency. Depth of the wetting was captured from the density and orientational order profile by a static length, which remarkably increases below the temperature Tstat upon cooling down. The dynamical correlation length that measures the distance of surface-dynamics acceleration into the bulk was characterized via the spatial-dependent mobility. The translational correlation exhibits a similar drastic increment at Tstat, while the rotational correlation drastically increases at a lower temperature Trot. We connect these results to the dynamics in bulk liquids, by finding Tstat and Trot that correspond to the onset temperatures where the liquids become cooperative for translational and rotational relaxation, respectively. This signifies the importance of collective dynamics in the bulk on the orientational wetting and surface dynamics in the ILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, 932 South Lushan Rd., 410083 Changsha, China
| | - Huashan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, 932 South Lushan Rd., 410083 Changsha, China
| | - Hailong Peng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, 932 South Lushan Rd., 410083 Changsha, China
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6
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Sun W, Wu H, Luo Y, Li B, Mao L, Zhao X, Zhang L, Gao Y. Structure and dynamics behavior during the glass transition of the polyisoprene in the presence of pressure: A molecular dynamics simulation. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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7
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Xia J, Guo H. Construction of a quantitative relation between structural relaxation and dynamic heterogeneity by vibrational dynamics in glass-forming liquids and polymers. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:10753-10764. [PMID: 34792079 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01049b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The structural relaxation slows down drastically upon approaching the glass transition, accompanied by the significant growth of dynamic heterogeneity. The fundamental question of elusiveness and interest is whether there exists an underlying quantitative relationship between structural relaxation and dynamic heterogeneity. Here, we reveal that b̃ which is related to the reduced mean square displacements to overcome the energy barriers of activated jumps, instead of the kinetic fragility m, is the genuine key parameter connecting dynamic heterogeneity with structural relaxation for varying types of glass formers. Furthermore, based on the dependence of dynamic heterogeneity on the Debye-Waller factor we obtained a direct quantitative relation between dynamic heterogeneity and structural relaxation is built for different glass-forming liquids. More importantly, a scaling collapse of structural relaxation and dynamic heterogeneity is achieved by the important parameter b̃. These results are of fundamental and critical importance for developing a unified theory of glassy dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianshe Xia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongxia Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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8
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Sasaki T, Tsuzuki Y, Nakane T. A Dynamically Correlated Network Model for the Collective Dynamics in Glass-Forming Molecular Liquids and Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3424. [PMID: 34641239 PMCID: PMC8512962 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-Arrhenius behavior of segmental dynamics in glass-forming liquids is one of the most profound mysteries in soft matter physics. In this article, we propose a dynamically correlated network (DCN) model to understand the growing behavior of dynamically correlated regions during cooling, which leads to the viscous slowdown of supercooled liquids. The fundamental concept of the model is that the cooperative region of collective motions has a network structure that consists of string-like parts, and networks of various sizes interpenetrate each other. Each segment undergoes dynamical coupling with its neighboring segments via a finite binding energy. Monte Carlo simulations showed that the fractal dimension of the DCNs generated at different temperatures increased and their size distribution became broader with decreasing temperature. The segmental relaxation time was evaluated based on a power law with four different exponents for the activation energy of rearrangement with respect to the DCN size. The results of the present DCN model are consistent with the experimental results for various materials of molecular and polymeric liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Sasaki
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Fukui, Fukui 9108507, Japan; (Y.T.); (T.N.)
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9
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Zhang J, Zheng W, Zhang S, Xu D, Nie Y, Jiang Z, Xu N. Unifying fluctuation-dissipation temperatures of slow-evolving nonequilibrium systems from the perspective of inherent structures. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabg6766. [PMID: 34321210 PMCID: PMC8318365 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg6766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
For nonequilibrium systems, how to define temperature is one of the key and difficult issues to solve. Although effective temperatures have been proposed and studied to this end, it still remains elusive what they actually are. Here, we focus on the fluctuation-dissipation temperatures and report that such effective temperatures of slow-evolving systems represent characteristic temperatures of their equilibrium counterparts. By calculating the fluctuation-dissipation relation of inherent structures, we obtain a temperature-like quantity T IS For monocomponent crystal-formers, T IS agrees well with the crystallization temperature T c, while it matches with the onset temperature T on for glass-formers. It also agrees with effective temperatures of typical nonequilibrium systems, such as aging glasses, quasi-static shear flows, and quasi-static self-propelled flows. From the unique perspective of inherent structures, our study reveals the nature of effective temperatures and the underlying connections between nonequilibrium and equilibrium systems and confirms the equivalence between T on and T c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Wen Zheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Shiyun Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Ding Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yunhuan Nie
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhehua Jiang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Ning Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China.
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10
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Kaur H, Berg MA. Jump-precursor state emerges below the crossover temperature in supercooled o-terphenyl. Phys Rev E 2021; 103:L050601. [PMID: 34134282 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.103.l050601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In a supercooled liquid, the crossover temperature T_{c} separates a high-temperature region of diffusive dynamics from a low-temperature region of activated dynamics. A molecular-dynamics simulation of all-atom, flexible o-terphenyl [Eastwood et al., J. Phys. Chem. B 117, 12898 (2013)10.1021/jp402102w] is analyzed with advanced statistical methods to reveal the molecular features associated with this crossover. The simulations extend to an α-relaxation time of 14 μs (272.5 K), two orders of magnitude slower than at T_{c} (290 K). At T_{c} and below, a distinct state emerges that immediately precedes an orientational jump. Compared to the initial, tightly caged state, this jump-precursor state has a looser cage, with solid-angular excursions of 0.054-0.0125 × 4π sr. At T_{c} (290 K), rate heterogeneity is already the dominant cause of stretched relaxation. Exchange within the distribution of rates is faster than α relaxation at T_{c}, but becomes equal to it at the lowest temperature simulated (272.5 K). The results trend toward a recent experimental observation near the glass transition (243 K) [Kaur et al., Phys. Rev. E 98, 040603(R) (2018)10.1103/PhysRevE.98.040603], which saw exchange substantially slower than α relaxation. Overall, the dynamic crossover comprises multiple phenomena: the development of heterogeneity, an increasing jump size, an emerging jump-precursor state, and a lengthening exchange time. The crossover is neither sharp, nor a simple superposition of the high- and low-temperature regimes; it is a broad region that contains unique and complex phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harveen Kaur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Mark A Berg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
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11
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Ghoshal D, Joy A. Connecting relaxation time to a dynamical length scale in athermal active glass formers. Phys Rev E 2021; 102:062605. [PMID: 33465951 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.062605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Supercooled liquids display dynamics that are inherently heterogeneous in space. This essentially means that at temperatures below the melting point, particle dynamics in certain regions of the liquid can be orders of magnitude faster than other regions. Often dubbed dynamical heterogeneity, this behavior has fascinated researchers involved in the study of glass transition for over two decades. A fundamentally important question in all glass transition studies is whether one can connect the growing relaxation time to a concomitantly growing length scale. In this paper, we go beyond the realm of ordinary glass forming liquids and study the origin of a growing dynamical length scale ξ in a self-propelled "active" glass former. This length scale, which is constructed using structural correlations, agrees well with the average size of the clusters of slow-moving particles that are formed as the liquid becomes spatially heterogeneous. We further report that the concomitantly growing α-relaxation time exhibits a simple scaling law, τ_{α}∼exp(μξ/T_{eff}), with μ as an effective chemical potential, T_{eff} as the effective temperature, and μξ as the growing free energy barrier for cluster rearrangements. The findings of our study are valid over four decades of persistence times, and hence they could be very useful in understanding the slow dynamics of a generic active liquid such as an active colloidal suspension, or a self-propelled granular medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipanwita Ghoshal
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600036, India
| | - Ashwin Joy
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600036, India
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12
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Dubey V, Daschakraborty S. Breakdown of the Stokes-Einstein Relation in Supercooled Water/Methanol Binary Mixtures: Explanation Using the Translational Jump-Diffusion Approach. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:10398-10408. [PMID: 33153260 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c07318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A recent experiment has directly checked the validity of the Stokes-Einstein (SE) relation for pure water, pure methanol, and their binary mixtures of three different compositions at different temperatures. The effect of composition on the nature of breakdown of the SE relation is interesting. While in the majority of the systems, an increasing SE breakdown is observed with decreasing temperature, the breakdown is already significant at higher temperatures for the equimolar mixture. Violations of the SE relation in pure supercooled water at different temperatures and pressures have been previously explained using the translational jump-diffusion (TJD) approach, which provides a fundamental molecular basis, by directly connecting the SE breakdown with jump-diffusion of the molecules. We have used the same TJD approach for explaining the SE breakdown for the methanol/water binary mixtures of compositions studied in the experiment over a wide range of temperatures between 220 K and 300 K. We have understood that the jump-diffusion is the key responsible factor for the SE breakdown. The maximum jump-diffusion contribution gives rise to the early SE breakdown observed for the equimolar mixture observed in the experiment. This study, therefore, provides molecular insight into the SE breakdown for the supercooled water/methanol binary mixture, as found in the experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Dubey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, Bihar 801106, India
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13
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Krynski M, Mocanu F, Elliott S. Elucidation of the Nature of Structural Relaxation in Glassy d-Sorbitol. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:1833-1838. [PMID: 32017567 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b11075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The nature and origin of the glass transition is one of the great unsolved problems of condensed-matter science. With the rapid increase of viscosity upon cooling the liquid near the glass-transition temperature, a range of dynamical motifs are observed, revealing the sheer complexity of interactions between the amorphous units. Yet, the causal link between those motifs and the solidification process remains unclear. Here, we apply a novel approach for exploring nontrivial interactions between structural units in d-sorbitol, a canonical example of a hydrogen-bonded organic glass, by introducing a dihedral-rearrangement-indicator analysis to shed light on relaxation processes and dynamical heterogeneity, which are known for their association with the stability of a glass. We find that both α- and β-relaxation processes are governed by cooperative and heterogeneous changes in hydrogen-bond dynamics that can be described by spatial and dihedral-angle-rearrangement indicators. The methodology and findings are of general applicability to other glass-forming systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Krynski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K.,Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Mocanu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
| | - Stephen Elliott
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
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14
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Dubey V, Erimban S, Indra S, Daschakraborty S. Understanding the Origin of the Breakdown of the Stokes-Einstein Relation in Supercooled Water at Different Temperature-Pressure Conditions. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:10089-10099. [PMID: 31702917 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b08309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A recent experiment has measured the viscosity of water down to approximately 244 K and up to 300 MPa. The correct viscosity and translational diffusivity data at various temperature-pressure (T-P) state points allowed for checking the validity of the Stokes-Einstein (SE) relation, which accounts for the coupling between translational self-diffusion and medium viscosity. The diffusion-viscosity decoupling increases with decreasing temperature, but the increasing pressure reduces the extent of the decoupling. Earlier simulation studies explained the breakdown of the SE relation in terms of the location of the Widom line, emanating from the liquid-liquid critical point (LLCP). Although these studies made a significant contribution to the current understanding of the above phenomena, a detailed molecular picture is still lacking. Recently, our group has explained the diffusion-viscosity decoupling from a jump-diffusion perspective. The jump-diffusion coefficient, emanating from the jump translation of water molecules, is calculated using a quantitative approach for different temperatures at ambient pressure. It has been observed that jump-diffusion is the key factor for diffusion-viscosity decoupling in supercooled water. The same method is adopted in the present work to estimate the jump-diffusion coefficient for different T-P state points and, thereby, explains the role of jump-diffusion for the different extents of the SE relation breakdown at different pressures. The residual diffusion coefficient, the other component of the total diffusion that originates from small step displacement and that is calculated by subtracting the jump-diffusion coefficient from the total diffusion, is seen to be fairly coupled to the viscosity at the entire range of temperature and pressure. Furthermore, we have calculated the average number of H-bonds per water molecule and the tetrahedral order for different T-P state points and investigated an approximate correlation between the average local structure and the contribution of the jump-diffusion to the total diffusion of water. This study, therefore, puts forward a new perspective for explaining the SE relation breakdown in supercooled water under different pressure conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Dubey
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Patna , Patna , Bihar 801106 , India
| | - Shakkira Erimban
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Patna , Patna , Bihar 801106 , India
| | - Sandipa Indra
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Patna , Patna , Bihar 801106 , India
| | - Snehasis Daschakraborty
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Patna , Patna , Bihar 801106 , India
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15
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Tanis I, Karatasos K, Salez T. Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Capillary Leveling of a Glass-Forming Liquid. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:8543-8549. [PMID: 31532672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b05909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Motivated by recent experimental studies probing (i) the existence of a mobile layer at the free surface of glasses and (ii) the capillary leveling of polymer nanofilms, we study the evolution of square-wave patterns at the free surface of a generic glass-forming binary Lennard-Jones mixture over a wide temperature range, by means of molecular dynamics simulations. The pattern's amplitude is monitored, and the associated decay rate is extracted. The evolution of the latter as a function of temperature exhibits a crossover between two distinct behaviors, over a temperature range typically bounded by the glass-transition temperature and the mode-coupling critical temperature. Layer-resolved analysis of the film particles' mean-squared displacements further shows that diffusion at the surface is considerably faster than in the bulk, below the glass-transition temperature. The diffusion coefficient of the surface particles is larger than its bulk counterpart by a factor that reaches 105 at the lowest temperature studied. This factor decreases upon heating, in agreement with recent experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Tanis
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie Théorique, UMR CNRS Gulliver 7083, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University , 75005 Paris , France
| | - Kostas Karatasos
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , 54124 Thessaloniki , Greece.,Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser , Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas , P.O. Box 1527, 711 10 Heraklion Crete , Greece
| | - Thomas Salez
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, LOMA, UMR 5798 , F-33405 Talence , France.,Global Station for Soft Matter, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Hokkaido 060-0808 , Japan
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16
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Araujo S, Delpouve N, Domenek S, Guinault A, Golovchak R, Szatanik R, Ingram A, Fauchard C, Delbreilh L, Dargent E. Cooperativity Scaling and Free Volume in Plasticized Polylactide. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven Araujo
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN Normandie, INSA Rouen, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux, 76000 Rouen, France
- CEREMA, Direction territoriale Normandie Centre, 76120 Grand-Quevilly, France
| | - Nicolas Delpouve
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN Normandie, INSA Rouen, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Sandra Domenek
- UMR Ingénierie Procédés Aliments, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université de Saclay, 1 Avenue des Olympiades, F-91744 Massy Cedex, France
| | - Alain Guinault
- Laboratoire PIMM, Ensam, CNRS, Cnam, 151 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Roman Golovchak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, Tennessee 37044 United States
| | - Roman Szatanik
- Institute of Physics, Opole University, Opole PL-45052, Poland
| | - Adam Ingram
- Faculty of Physics, Opole University of Technology, Opole PL-45370, Poland
| | - Cyrille Fauchard
- CEREMA, Direction territoriale Normandie Centre, 76120 Grand-Quevilly, France
| | - Laurent Delbreilh
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN Normandie, INSA Rouen, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Eric Dargent
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN Normandie, INSA Rouen, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux, 76000 Rouen, France
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17
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Dueby S, Dubey V, Daschakraborty S. Decoupling of Translational Diffusion from the Viscosity of Supercooled Water: Role of Translational Jump Diffusion. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:7178-7189. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b01719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shivam Dueby
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | - Vikas Dubey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar 801106, India
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18
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Li SJ, Qian HJ, Lu ZY. A comparative study on the dynamic heterogeneity of supercooled polymers under nanoconfinement. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:15888-15898. [PMID: 31287116 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02550b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic heterogeneity (DH) is a universal property of glass transition phenomena. In this work, we perform a comparative analysis of DH for pure polymer and polymer/nanoparticle composite systems in both film and bulk states via molecular dynamics simulations. We find that the dynamic gradient and the faster average dynamics due to the presence of a free surface are two leading factors, resulting from a nanoconfinement effect, which influence different parts of DH in a film system. The dynamic gradient results from differences in dynamics at different distances from the mobile surface, which induces a large deviation from the Gaussian distribution for the displacement distribution in the film. At the same time, the maximum string size which describes the region size for cooperative motion (dynamic correlation) can also be influenced by the dynamic gradient, although this influence is much weaker than that on the displacement distribution. On the other hand, reflecting temporal fluctuations of dynamics or temporal parts of DH, characteristic peak times of the non-Gaussian parameter and string size, and the ratio between persistent times and exchange times which describe the dynamic exchange properties, are mainly influenced by the faster dynamics on average. Our results demonstrate that measuring different properties (dynamic distribution, dynamic correlation or dynamic exchange) place an emphasis on distinct temporal and spatial parts of DH. It is necessary to use combinational measurements of these properties to give a complete picture of DH in nanoconfinement environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Hu-Jun Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Zhong-Yuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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19
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Pant S, Ghorai PK. Impact of length scale of attraction on the dynamical heterogeneity: a molecular dynamics simulation study. J CHEM SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-019-1606-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Evidence of a two-dimensional glass transition in graphene: Insights from molecular simulations. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4517. [PMID: 30872750 PMCID: PMC6418284 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41231-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquids exhibit a sudden increase in viscosity when cooled fast enough, avoiding thermodynamically predicted route of crystallization. This phenomenon, known as glass transition, leads to the formation of non-periodic structures known as glasses. Extensive studies have been conducted on model materials to understand glass transition in two dimensions. However, despite the synthesis of disordered/amorphous single-atom thick structures of carbon, little attention has been given to glass transition in realistic two-dimensional materials such as graphene. Herein, using molecular dynamics simulation, we demonstrate the existence of glass transition in graphene leading to a realistic two-dimensional glassy structure, namely glassy graphene. We show that the resulting glassy structure exhibits excellent agreement with experimentally realized disordered graphene. Interestingly, this glassy graphene exhibits a wrinkled but stable structure, with reduced thermal vibration in comparison to its crystalline counterpart. We suggest that the topological disorder induced by glass transition governs the unique properties of this structure.
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21
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Ivanov MY, Prikhod'ko SA, Adonin NY, Kirilyuk IA, Adichtchev SV, Surovtsev NV, Dzuba SA, Fedin MV. Structural Anomalies in Ionic Liquids near the Glass Transition Revealed by Pulse EPR. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:4607-4612. [PMID: 30052047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b02097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Unusual physical and chemical properties of ionic liquids (ILs) open up prospects for various applications. We report the first observation of density/rigidity heterogeneities in a series of ILs near the glass transition temperature ( Tg) by means of pulse electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Unprecedented suppression of molecular mobility is evidenced near the glass transition, which is assigned to unusual structural rearrangements of ILs on the nanometer scale. Indeed, pulse and continuous wave EPR clearly indicate the occurrence of heterogeneities near Tg, which exist in a rather broad temperature range of ∼50 K. The two types of local environments are evidenced, being drastically different by their stiffness. The more rigid one suppresses molecular mobility, whereas the softer one instead promotes diffusive molecular rotation. Such properties of ILs near Tg are of general importance; moreover, the observed density/rigidity heterogeneities controlled by temperature might be considered as a new type of tunable reaction nanoenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Yu Ivanov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS , Institutskaya Street 3a , 630090 Novosibirsk , Russia
- Novosibirsk State University , Pirogova Street 2 , 630090 Novosibirsk , Russia
| | - Sergey A Prikhod'ko
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS , Lavrentiev Avenue 5 , 630090 Novosibirsk , Russia
| | - Nicolay Yu Adonin
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS , Lavrentiev Avenue 5 , 630090 Novosibirsk , Russia
| | - Igor A Kirilyuk
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS , Lavrentiev Avenue 9 , 630090 Novosibirsk , Russia
| | - Sergey V Adichtchev
- Institute of Automation and Electrometry SB RAS , Koptyug Avenue 1 , 630090 Novosibirsk , Russia
| | - Nikolay V Surovtsev
- Institute of Automation and Electrometry SB RAS , Koptyug Avenue 1 , 630090 Novosibirsk , Russia
| | - Sergei A Dzuba
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion SB RAS , Institutskaya Street 3 , 630090 Novosibirsk , Russia
| | - Matvey V Fedin
- International Tomography Center SB RAS , Institutskaya Street 3a , 630090 Novosibirsk , Russia
- Novosibirsk State University , Pirogova Street 2 , 630090 Novosibirsk , Russia
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22
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Ruta B, Pineda E, Evenson Z. Relaxation processes and physical aging in metallic glasses. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS: CONDENSED MATTER 2017; 29:503002. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa9964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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23
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Požar M, Kerasidou A, Lovrinčević B, Zoranić L, Mijaković M, Primorac T, Sokolić F, Teboul V, Perera A. The microscopic structure of cold aqueous methanol mixtures. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:144502. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4964487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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24
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Chen F, Forsyth M. Elucidation of transport mechanism and enhanced alkali ion transference numbers in mixed alkali metal–organic ionic molten salts. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:19336-44. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp01411a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This work reveals how structure facilitates diffusion of the Li/Na ion in ionic liquids with the high Li/Na concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Chen
- Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM)
- Deakin University
- Australia
| | - Maria Forsyth
- Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM)
- Deakin University
- Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES) Burwood
- Victoria
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25
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Li SJ, Xie SJ, Li YC, Qian HJ, Lu ZY. Influence of molecular-weight polydispersity on the glass transition of polymers. Phys Rev E 2016; 93:012613. [PMID: 26871128 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.93.012613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that the polymer glass transition temperature T_{g} is dependent on molecular weight, but the role of molecular-weight polydispersity on T_{g} is unclear. Using molecular-dynamics simulations, we clarify that for polymers with the same number-average molecular weight, the molecular-weight distribution profile (either in Schulz-Zimm form or in bimodal form) has very little influence on the glass transition temperature T_{g}, the average segment dynamics (monomer motion, bond orientation relaxation, and torsion transition), and the relaxation-time spectrum, which are related to the local nature of the glass transition. By analyzing monomer motions in different chains, we find that the motion distribution of monomers is altered by molecular-weight polydispersity. Molecular-weight polydispersity dramatically enhances the dynamic heterogeneity of monomer diffusive motions after breaking out of the "cage," but it has a weak influence on the dynamic heterogeneity of the short time scales and the transient spatial correlation between temporarily localized monomers. The stringlike cooperative motion is also not influenced by molecular-weight polydispersity, supporting the idea that stringlike collective motion is not strongly correlated with chain connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Jia Li
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shi-Jie Xie
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yan-Chun Li
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Hu-Jun Qian
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Lu
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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26
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Van Hoang V, Teboul V, Odagaki T. New Scenario of Dynamical Heterogeneity in Supercooled Liquid and Glassy States of 2D Monatomic System. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:15752-7. [PMID: 26630541 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b08912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vo Van Hoang
- Computational Physics Lab,
Institute of Technology, Vietnam National University - HCM City, Vietnam
| | - Victor Teboul
- Department of Physics, Angers University, Angers, France
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27
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Odinokov A, Freidzon A, Bagaturyants A. Molecular dynamics simulation of the glass transition in 4,4′-N,N′-dicarbazolylbiphenyl. Chem Phys Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2015.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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28
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Mondal C, Karmakar S, Sengupta S. Glass-Like Slow Dynamics in a Colloidal Solid with Multiple Ground States. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:10902-10. [DOI: 10.1021/jp512952u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chandana Mondal
- Centre
for Advanced Materials, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Smarajit Karmakar
- TIFR Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences, 21 Brundavan Colony, Narsingi, Hyderabad 500075, India
| | - Surajit Sengupta
- TIFR Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences, 21 Brundavan Colony, Narsingi, Hyderabad 500075, India
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29
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Bailey NP, Schrøder TB, Dyre JC. Variation of the dynamic susceptibility along an isochrone. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2014; 90:042310. [PMID: 25375497 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.90.042310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Koperwas et al. showed in a recent paper [Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 125701 (2013)] that the dynamic susceptibility χ4 as estimated by dielectric measurements for certain glass-forming liquids decreases substantially with increasing pressure along a curve of constant relaxation time. This observation is at odds with other measures of dynamics being invariant and seems to pose a problem for theories of glass formation. We show that this variation is in fact consistent with predictions for liquids with hidden scale invariance: Measures of dynamics at constant volume are invariant along isochrones, called isomorphs in such liquids, but contributions to fluctuations from long-wavelength fluctuations can vary. This is related to the known noninvariance of the isothermal bulk modulus. Considering the version of χ4 defined for the NVT ensemble, data from simulations of a binary Lennard-Jones liquid show in fact a slight increase with increasing density. This is a true departure from the formal invariance expected for this quantity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas P Bailey
- DNRF Center "Glass and Time," IMFUFA, Department of Sciences, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Thomas B Schrøder
- DNRF Center "Glass and Time," IMFUFA, Department of Sciences, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jeppe C Dyre
- DNRF Center "Glass and Time," IMFUFA, Department of Sciences, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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30
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Hernandez R, Popov AV. Molecular dynamics out of equilibrium: mechanics and measurables. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rigoberto Hernandez
- Center for Computational and Molecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA
| | - Alexander V. Popov
- Center for Computational and Molecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA
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31
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Martinez-Garcia JC, Rzoska SJ, Drzozd-Rzoska A, Martinez-Garcia J, Mauro JC. Divergent dynamics and the Kauzmann temperature in glass forming systems. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5160. [PMID: 24895028 PMCID: PMC5381491 DOI: 10.1038/srep05160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade the challenging analysis of previtreous behavior of relaxation time (τ(T)) in ultraviscous low molecular weight liquids led to the conceptual shift of the glass transition physics toward theories not predicting a “finite-temperature” divergence. This “breakthrough” experimental finding was strengthened by the discovery that “dynamic” (i.e. from τ(T) fitting) and “thermodynamic” estimations of the “ideal glass” (Kauzmann) temperature do not match, what in fact questioned its existence. In this report, due to the novel way of analysis based on the transformation of τ(T) experimental data to the activation energy temperature index form, the clear prevalence of the “finite-temperature” divergence is proved. The obtained “dynamic” singular temperatures clearly coincide with “thermodynamic” estimations of the Kauzmann temperature, thus solving also the second mystery. The comprehensive picture was obtained due to the analysis of 55 experimental data-sets, ranging from low molecular weight liquids and polymers to liquid crystal and plastic crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sylwester J Rzoska
- 1] Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Sokołowska 27/39, Warsaw 01-143, Poland [2] Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, ul. Uniwersytecka 4, Katowice 40-007, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Drzozd-Rzoska
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Sokołowska 27/39, Warsaw 01-143, Poland
| | - Jorge Martinez-Garcia
- Lucerne University of Applied Sciences, Technikustrasse 21, CH-6048 Horw, Switzerland
| | - John C Mauro
- Science and Technology Division, Corning Incorporated, Corning, New York 14831, USA
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32
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Pilkiewicz KR, Andersen HC. A diagrammatic kinetic theory of density fluctuations in simple liquids in the overdamped limit. II. The one-loop approximation. J Chem Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4871112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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33
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Bouhadja M, Jakse N, Pasturel A. Stokes–Einstein violation and fragility in calcium aluminosilicate glass formers: a molecular dynamics study. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2013.840893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Bouhadja
- Laboratoire Sciences et Ingénierie, Matériaux et Procédés, UMR CNRS 5266, Grenoble-INP, BP 75, 38402, Saint Martin d'Hères Cedex, France
| | - N. Jakse
- Laboratoire Sciences et Ingénierie, Matériaux et Procédés, UMR CNRS 5266, Grenoble-INP, BP 75, 38402, Saint Martin d'Hères Cedex, France
| | - A. Pasturel
- Laboratoire Sciences et Ingénierie, Matériaux et Procédés, UMR CNRS 5266, Grenoble-INP, BP 75, 38402, Saint Martin d'Hères Cedex, France
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34
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Abstract
We provide here a brief perspective on the glass transition field. It is an assessment, written from the point of view of theory, of where the field is and where it seems to be heading. We first give an overview of the main phenomenological characteristics, or "stylised facts," of the glass transition problem, i.e., the central observations that a theory of the physics of glass formation should aim to explain in a unified manner. We describe recent developments, with a particular focus on real space properties, including dynamical heterogeneity and facilitation, the search for underlying spatial or structural correlations, and the relation between the thermal glass transition and athermal jamming. We then discuss briefly how competing theories of the glass transition have adapted and evolved to account for such real space issues. We consider in detail two conceptual and methodological approaches put forward recently, that aim to access the fundamental critical phenomenon underlying the glass transition, be it thermodynamic or dynamic in origin, by means of biasing of ensembles, of configurations in the thermodynamic case, or of trajectories in the dynamic case. We end with a short outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Biroli
- IPhT, CEA/DSM-CNRS/URA 2306, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
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35
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Flenner E, Szamel G. Dynamic heterogeneities above and below the mode-coupling temperature: Evidence of a dynamic crossover. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:12A523. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4773321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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36
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Martinez-Garcia JC, Rzoska SJ, Drozd-Rzoska A, Martinez-Garcia J. A universal description of ultraslow glass dynamics. Nat Commun 2013; 4:1823. [PMID: 23652011 PMCID: PMC3674245 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamics of glass is of importance in materials science but its nature has not yet been fully understood. Here we report that a verification of the temperature dependencies of the primary relaxation time or viscosity in the ultraslowing/ultraviscous domain of glass-forming systems can be carried out via the analysis of the inverse of the Dyre-Olsen temperature index. The subsequent analysis of experimental data indicates the possibility of the self-consistent description of glass-forming low-molecular-weight liquids, polymers, liquid crystals, orientationally disordered crystals and Ising spin-glass-like systems, as well as the prevalence of equations associated with the 'finite temperature divergence'. All these lead to a new formula for the configurational entropy in glass-forming systems. Furthermore, a link to the dominated local symmetry for a given glass former is identified here. Results obtained show a new relationship between the glass transition and critical phenomena.
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37
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Toxvaerd S. Stability of molecular dynamics simulations of classical systems. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:214102. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4768891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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38
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Tanaka H. Bond orientational order in liquids: Towards a unified description of water-like anomalies, liquid-liquid transition, glass transition, and crystallization: Bond orientational order in liquids. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2012; 35:113. [PMID: 23104614 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2012-12113-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
There are at least three fundamental states of matter, depending upon temperature and pressure: gas, liquid, and solid (crystal). These states are separated by first-order phase transitions between them. In both gas and liquid phases a complete translational and rotational symmetry exist, whereas in a solid phase both symmetries are broken. In intermediate phases between liquid and solid, which include liquid crystal and plastic crystal phases, only one of the two symmetries is preserved. Among the fundamental states of matter, the liquid state is the most poorly understood. We argue that it is crucial for a better understanding of liquids to recognize that a liquid generally has the tendency to have a local structural order and its presence is intrinsic and universal to any liquid. Such structural ordering is a consequence of many-body correlations, more specifically, bond angle correlations, which we believe are crucial for the description of the liquid state. We show that this physical picture may naturally explain difficult unsolved problems associated with the liquid state, such as anomalies of water-type liquids (water, Si, Ge, ...), liquid-liquid transition, liquid-glass transition, crystallization and quasicrystal formation, in a unified manner. In other words, we need a new order parameter representing a low local free-energy configuration, which is a bond orientational order parameter in many cases, in addition to a density order parameter for the physical description of these phenomena. Here we review our two-order-parameter model of liquid and consider how transient local structural ordering is linked to all of the above-mentioned phenomena. The relationship between these phenomena is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Tanaka
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, 153-8505, Tokyo, Japan.
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39
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Turci F, Pitard E, Sellitto M. Driving kinetically constrained models into nonequilibrium steady states: Structural and slow transport properties. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2012; 86:031112. [PMID: 23030871 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.86.031112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Complex fluids in shear flow and biased dynamics in crowded environments exhibit counterintuitive features which are difficult to address both at a theoretical level and by molecular dynamic simulations. To understand some of these features we study a schematic model of a highly viscous liquid, the two-dimensional Kob-Andersen kinetically constrained model, driven into nonequilibrium steady states by a uniform non-Hamiltonian force. We present a detailed numerical analysis of the microscopic behavior of the model, including transversal and longitudinal spatial correlations and dynamic heterogeneities. In particular, we show that at high particle density the transition from positive to negative resistance regimes in the current vs field relation can be explained via the emergence of nontrivial structures that intermittently trap the particles and slow down the dynamics. We relate such spatial structures to the current vs field relation in the different transport regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Turci
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb, Université Montpellier II and CNRS, 34095 Montpellier, France
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40
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Berthier L, Biroli G, Coslovich D, Kob W, Toninelli C. Finite-size effects in the dynamics of glass-forming liquids. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2012; 86:031502. [PMID: 23030918 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.86.031502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We present a comprehensive theoretical study of finite-size effects in the relaxation dynamics of glass-forming liquids. Our analysis is motivated by recent theoretical progress regarding the understanding of relevant correlation length scales in liquids approaching the glass transition. We obtain predictions both from general theoretical arguments and from a variety of specific perspectives: mode-coupling theory, kinetically constrained and defect models, and random first-order transition theory. In the last approach, we predict in particular a nonmonotonic evolution of finite-size effects across the mode-coupling crossover due to the competition between mode-coupling and activated relaxation. We study the role of competing relaxation mechanisms in giving rise to nonmonotonic finite-size effects by devising a kinetically constrained model where the proximity to the mode-coupling singularity can be continuously tuned by changing the lattice topology. We use our theoretical findings to interpret the results of extensive molecular dynamics studies of four model liquids with distinct structures and kinetic fragilities. While the less fragile model only displays modest finite-size effects, we find a more significant size dependence evolving with temperature for more fragile models, such as Lennard-Jones particles and soft spheres. Finally, for a binary mixture of harmonic spheres we observe the predicted nonmonotonic temperature evolution of finite-size effects near the fitted mode-coupling singularity, suggesting that the crossover from mode-coupling to activated dynamics is more pronounced for this model. Finally, we discuss the close connection between our results and the recent report of a nonmonotonic temperature evolution of a dynamic length scale near the mode-coupling crossover in harmonic spheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Berthier
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb, UMR 5221, CNRS and Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
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41
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Martinez-Garcia JC, Martinez-Garcia J, Rzoska SJ, Hulliger J. The new insight into dynamic crossover in glass forming liquids from the apparent enthalpy analysis. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:064501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4739750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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42
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Morishita T. Compressed exponential relaxation in liquid silicon: Universal feature of the crossover from ballistic to diffusive behavior in single-particle dynamics. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:024510. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4730613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Mosayebi M, Del Gado E, Ilg P, Öttinger HC. Deformation of inherent structures to detect long-range correlations in supercooled liquids. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:024504. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4732859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Olmos B, Lesanovsky I, Garrahan JP. Facilitated spin models of dissipative quantum glasses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:020403. [PMID: 23030133 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.020403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a class of dissipative quantum spin models with local interactions and without quenched disorder that show glassy behavior. These models are the quantum analogs of the classical facilitated spin models. Just like their classical counterparts, quantum facilitated models display complex glassy dynamics despite the fact that their stationary state is essentially trivial. In these systems, dynamical arrest is a consequence of kinetic constraints and not of static ordering. These models display a quantum version of dynamic heterogeneity: the dynamics toward relaxation is spatially correlated despite the absence of static correlations. Associated dynamical fluctuation phenomena such as decoupling of time scales is also observed. Moreover, we find that close to the classical limit, quantum fluctuations can enhance glassiness, as recently reported for quantum liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Olmos
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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Hunter GL, Weeks ER. The physics of the colloidal glass transition. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2012; 75:066501. [PMID: 22790649 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/75/6/066501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 329] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
As one increases the concentration of a colloidal suspension, the system exhibits a dramatic increase in viscosity. Beyond a certain concentration, the system is said to be a colloidal glass; structurally, the system resembles a liquid, yet motions within the suspension are slow enough that it can be considered essentially frozen. For several decades, colloids have served as a valuable model system for understanding the glass transition in molecular systems. The spatial and temporal scales involved allow these systems to be studied by a wide variety of experimental techniques. The focus of this review is the current state of understanding of the colloidal glass transition, with an emphasis on experimental observations. A brief introduction is given to important experimental techniques used to study the glass transition in colloids. We describe features of colloidal systems near and in glassy states, including increases in viscosity and relaxation times, dynamical heterogeneity and ageing, among others. We also compare and contrast the glass transition in colloids to that in molecular liquids. Other glassy systems are briefly discussed, as well as recently developed synthesis techniques that will keep these systems rich with interesting physics for years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary L Hunter
- Department of Physics, Emory University, Math and Science Center 400 Dowman Dr., N201 Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Sen Gupta B, Das SP. Time dependent stretching of aging dynamics in a generalized hydrodynamic model for supercooled liquids. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:154506. [PMID: 22519335 DOI: 10.1063/1.4703898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The nonequilibrium dynamics and aging behavior of a supercooled liquid is investigated from an analysis of the correlation of density fluctuations at two different times. The dynamic correlation functions are computed by solving numerically the equations of nonlinear fluctuating hydrodynamics. The aging time dependence follows a modified stretched exponential form with a relaxation time which is dependent on the aging time. This is similar to the behavior seen in the aging data of dielectric response functions of a typical glass forming liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Sen Gupta
- School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
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Lad KN, Jakse N, Pasturel A. Signatures of fragile-to-strong transition in a binary metallic glass-forming liquid. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:104509. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3692610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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48
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Multidimensional Incoherent Time-Resolved Spectroscopy and Complex Kinetics. ADVANCES IN CHEMICAL PHYSICS 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118197714.ch1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
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Zhang Z, Yunker PJ, Habdas P, Yodh AG. Cooperative rearrangement regions and dynamical heterogeneities in colloidal glasses with attractive versus repulsive interactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:208303. [PMID: 22181781 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.208303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Water-lutidine mixtures permit the interparticle potentials of colloidal particles suspended therein to be tuned, in situ, from repulsive to attractive. We employ these systems to directly elucidate the effects of interparticle potential on glass dynamics in experimental samples composed of the same particles at the same packing fractions. Cooperative rearrangement regions (CRRs) and heterogeneous dynamics are observed in both types of glasses. Compared to repulsive glasses, the attractive glass dynamics are found to be heterogeneous over a wider range of time and length scales, and its CRRs involve more particles. Additionally, the CRRs are observed to be stringlike structures in repulsive glasses and compact structures in attractive glasses. Thus, the experiments demonstrate explicitly that glassy dynamics can depend on the sign of the interparticle interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexin Zhang
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Ikeda A, Miyazaki K. Slow dynamics of the high density Gaussian core model. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:054901. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3615949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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