1
|
Wang W, Asiru, Luo G, Chen Y, Cui Y, Ping S, Chen Y. A Novel Effect of Id2 in Microglia TNFα Regulation. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04278-2. [PMID: 38850351 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04278-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Microglia are the most important immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS), which can defend against external pathogens and stimuli. Dysregulation of microglia releases excessive proinflammatory cytokines and leads to neuroinflammation, which is fundamental to the pathophysiology of multiple neurological diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of proinflammatory cytokines in microglia are still not well-understood. Here, we identified that inhibitor of DNA binding protein 2 (Id2) was a negative regulator of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) in cultured microglia. Knockdown of Id2 significantly increased the expression of TNFα in microglia, while overexpression of Id2 inhibited TNFα expression. Furthermore, by interacting with the p65 subunit of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), Id2 suppressed the transcription activation of NF-κB and inhibited TNFα expression. Interestingly, in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-treated microglia, Id2 increased and underwent a cytoplasmic relocation. Immunoprecipitation and immunostaining results showed that by binding to the LIM domain of Id2, a scaffold protein PDZ and LIM 5 (PDLIM5) involved in the Id2 cytoplasmic relocation, which inactivated Id2 and resulted in higher TNFα expression in LPS-treated microglia. Collectively, our data delineate a novel effect of Id2 on TNFα regulation in microglia, which may shed a light on the proinflammatory cytokines regulating in microglia associated neuroimmune disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Wang
- Neurobiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Asiru
- Neurobiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoya Luo
- Neurobiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmei Chen
- Neurobiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Cui
- Neurobiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Suning Ping
- Neurobiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuan Chen
- Neurobiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Luo W, Egger M, Cruz-Ochoa N, Tse A, Maloveczky G, Tamás B, Lukacsovich D, Seng C, Amrein I, Lukacsovich T, Wolfer D, Földy C. Activation of feedforward wiring in adult hippocampal neurons by the basic-helix-loop-helix transcription factor Ascl4. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae174. [PMID: 38711810 PMCID: PMC11071515 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Although evidence indicates that the adult brain retains a considerable capacity for circuit formation, adult wiring has not been broadly considered and remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigate wiring activation in adult neurons. We show that the basic-helix-loop-helix transcription factor Ascl4 can induce wiring in different types of hippocampal neurons of adult mice. The new axons are mainly feedforward and reconfigure synaptic weights in the circuit. Mice with the Ascl4-induced circuits do not display signs of pathology and solve spatial problems equally well as controls. Our results demonstrate reprogrammed connectivity by a single transcriptional factor and provide insights into the regulation of brain wiring in adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenshu Luo
- Laboratory of Neural Connectivity, Brain Research Institute, Faculties of Medicine and Science, University of Zürich, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Egger
- Laboratory of Neural Connectivity, Brain Research Institute, Faculties of Medicine and Science, University of Zürich, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
- Adaptive Brain Circuits in Development and Learning (AdaBD), University Research Priority Program (URPP), University of Zürich, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Natalia Cruz-Ochoa
- Laboratory of Neural Connectivity, Brain Research Institute, Faculties of Medicine and Science, University of Zürich, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
- Adaptive Brain Circuits in Development and Learning (AdaBD), University Research Priority Program (URPP), University of Zürich, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Alice Tse
- Laboratory of Neural Connectivity, Brain Research Institute, Faculties of Medicine and Science, University of Zürich, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Gyula Maloveczky
- Laboratory of Neural Connectivity, Brain Research Institute, Faculties of Medicine and Science, University of Zürich, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Bálint Tamás
- Laboratory of Neural Connectivity, Brain Research Institute, Faculties of Medicine and Science, University of Zürich, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
| | - David Lukacsovich
- Laboratory of Neural Connectivity, Brain Research Institute, Faculties of Medicine and Science, University of Zürich, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Charlotte Seng
- Laboratory of Neural Connectivity, Brain Research Institute, Faculties of Medicine and Science, University of Zürich, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Irmgard Amrein
- Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Tamás Lukacsovich
- Laboratory of Neural Connectivity, Brain Research Institute, Faculties of Medicine and Science, University of Zürich, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
| | - David Wolfer
- Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
- Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, D-HEST, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Csaba Földy
- Laboratory of Neural Connectivity, Brain Research Institute, Faculties of Medicine and Science, University of Zürich, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
- Adaptive Brain Circuits in Development and Learning (AdaBD), University Research Priority Program (URPP), University of Zürich, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fu Y, Li S, Nie J, Yan D, Zhang B, Hao X, Zhang H. Expression of PDLIM5 Spliceosomes and Regulatory Functions on Myogenesis in Pigs. Cells 2024; 13:720. [PMID: 38667334 PMCID: PMC11049100 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Meat yield, determined by muscle growth and development, is an important economic trait for the swine industry and a focus of research in animal genetics and breeding. PDZ and LIM domain 5 (PDLIM5) are cytoskeleton-related proteins that play key roles in various tissues and cells. These proteins have multiple isoforms, primarily categorized as short (PDLIM5-short) and long (PDLIM5-long) types, distinguished by the absence and presence of an LIM domain, respectively. However, the expression patterns of swine PDLIM5 isoforms and their regulation during porcine skeletal muscle development remain largely unexplored. We observed that PDLIM5-long was expressed at very low levels in pig muscles and that PDLIM5-short and total PDLIM5 were highly expressed in the muscles of slow-growing pigs, suggesting that PDLIM5-short, the dominant transcript in pigs, is associated with a slow rate of muscle growth. PDLIM5-short suppressed myoblast proliferation and myogenic differentiation in vitro. We also identified two single nucleotide polymorphisms (-258 A > T and -191 T > G) in the 5' flanking region of PDLIM5, which influenced the activity of the promoter and were associated with muscle growth rate in pigs. In summary, we demonstrated that PDLIM5-short negatively regulates myoblast proliferation and differentiation, providing a theoretical basis for improving pig breeding programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.F.); (S.L.); (J.N.); (B.Z.)
| | - Shixin Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.F.); (S.L.); (J.N.); (B.Z.)
| | - Jingru Nie
- National Engineering Laboratory for Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.F.); (S.L.); (J.N.); (B.Z.)
| | - Dawei Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;
| | - Bo Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.F.); (S.L.); (J.N.); (B.Z.)
| | - Xin Hao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.F.); (S.L.); (J.N.); (B.Z.)
| | - Hao Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.F.); (S.L.); (J.N.); (B.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Srivastava Y, Donta M, Mireles LL, Paulucci-Holthauzen A, Waxham MN, McCrea PD. Role of a Pdlim5:PalmD complex in directing dendrite morphology. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1315941. [PMID: 38414752 PMCID: PMC10896979 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1315941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuronal connectivity is regulated during normal brain development with the arrangement of spines and synapses being dependent on the morphology of dendrites. Further, in multiple neurodevelopmental and aging disorders, disruptions of dendrite formation or shaping is associated with atypical neuronal connectivity. We showed previously that Pdlim5 binds delta-catenin and promotes dendrite branching. We report here that Pdlim5 interacts with PalmD, a protein previously suggested by others to interact with the cytoskeleton (e.g., via adducin/spectrin) and to regulate membrane shaping. Functionally, the knockdown of PalmD or Pdlim5 in rat primary hippocampal neurons dramatically reduces branching and conversely, PalmD exogenous expression promotes dendrite branching as does Pdlim5. Further, we show that each proteins' effects are dependent on the presence of the other. In summary, using primary rat hippocampal neurons we reveal the contributions of a novel Pdlim5:PalmD protein complex, composed of functionally inter-dependent components responsible for shaping neuronal dendrites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Srivastava
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Maxsam Donta
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health GSBS, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Lydia L. Mireles
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, UTHealth, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - M. Neal Waxham
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, UTHealth, Houston, TX, United States
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health GSBS, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Pierre D. McCrea
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health GSBS, Houston, TX, United States
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health GSBS, Houston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jiang X, Xu Z, Jiang S, Wang H, Xiao M, Shi Y, Wang K. PDZ and LIM Domain-Encoding Genes: Their Role in Cancer Development. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5042. [PMID: 37894409 PMCID: PMC10605254 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PDZ-LIM family proteins (PDLIMs) are a kind of scaffolding proteins that contain PDZ and LIM interaction domains. As protein-protein interacting molecules, PDZ and LIM domains function as scaffolds to bind to a variety of proteins. The PDLIMs are composed of evolutionarily conserved proteins found throughout different species. They can participate in cell signal transduction by mediating the interaction of signal molecules. They are involved in many important physiological processes, such as cell differentiation, proliferation, migration, and the maintenance of cellular structural integrity. Studies have shown that dysregulation of the PDLIMs leads to tumor formation and development. In this paper, we review and integrate the current knowledge on PDLIMs. The structure and function of the PDZ and LIM structural domains and the role of the PDLIMs in tumor development are described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yueli Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China; (X.J.); (Z.X.); (S.J.); (H.W.); (M.X.)
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China; (X.J.); (Z.X.); (S.J.); (H.W.); (M.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Srivastava Y, Donta M, Mireles LL, Paulucci-Holthauzen A, Waxham MN, McCrea PD. Role of a Pdlim5:PalmD complex in directing dendrite morphology. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.22.553334. [PMID: 37662414 PMCID: PMC10473622 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.22.553334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal connectivity is regulated during normal brain development with the arrangement of spines and synapses being dependent on the morphology of dendrites. Further, in multiple neurodevelopmental and aging disorders, disruptions of dendrite formation or shaping is associated with atypical neuronal connectivity. We showed previously that Pdlim5 binds delta-catenin and promotes dendrite branching (Baumert et al., J Cell Biol 2020). We report here that Pdlim5 interacts with PalmD, a protein previously suggested by others to interact with the cytoskeleton (e.g., via adducin/ spectrin) and to regulate membrane shaping. Functionally, the knockdown of PalmD or Pdlim5 in rat primary hippocampal neurons dramatically reduces branching and conversely, PalmD exogenous expression promotes dendrite branching as does Pdlim5. Further, we show that effects of each protein are dependent on the presence of the other. In summary, using primary rat hippocampal neurons we reveal the contributions of a novel Pdlim5:PalmD protein complex, composed of functionally inter-dependent components responsible for shaping neuronal dendrites.
Collapse
|
7
|
Fisher LAB, Schöck F. The unexpected versatility of ALP/Enigma family proteins. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:963608. [PMID: 36531944 PMCID: PMC9751615 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.963608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most intriguing features of multicellular animals is their ability to move. On a cellular level, this is accomplished by the rearrangement and reorganization of the cytoskeleton, a dynamic network of filamentous proteins which provides stability and structure in a stationary context, but also facilitates directed movement by contracting. The ALP/Enigma family proteins are a diverse group of docking proteins found in numerous cellular milieus and facilitate these processes among others. In vertebrates, they are characterized by having a PDZ domain in combination with one or three LIM domains. The family is comprised of CLP-36 (PDLIM1), Mystique (PDLIM2), ALP (PDLIM3), RIL (PDLIM4), ENH (PDLIM5), ZASP (PDLIM6), and Enigma (PDLIM7). In this review, we will outline the evolution and function of their protein domains which confers their versatility. Additionally, we highlight their role in different cellular environments, focusing specifically on recent advances in muscle research using Drosophila as a model organism. Finally, we show the relevance of this protein family to human myopathies and the development of muscle-related diseases.
Collapse
|
8
|
Yu C, Wang B, Zhu Y, Zhang C, Ren L, Lei X, Xiang Z, Zhou Z, Huang H, Wang J, Zhao Z. ID2 inhibits innate antiviral immunity by blocking TBK1- and IKKε-induced activation of IRF3. Sci Signal 2022; 15:eabh0068. [PMID: 34982578 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abh0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Congci Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bei Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chongyang Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Ren
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Lei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zichun Xiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo Zhou
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Peking University Genome Editing Research Center, School of Life Sciences,, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - He Huang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhendong Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Clinical Immunology Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,CAMS-Oxford University International Center for Translational Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Recurrent rewiring of the adult hippocampal mossy fiber system by a single transcriptional regulator, Id2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2108239118. [PMID: 34599103 PMCID: PMC8501755 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2108239118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons have an exceptional capacity to grow axons and form synaptic circuits during development but not later life. In adults, the lack of circuit formation may support retention of skilled actions and memories but also limits regeneration and repair after injuries and in disorders. Research on developing and damaged neurons has revealed many molecules that help circuit formation and regeneration, and yet factors that could induce axon growth and synapse formation in adult brain neurons remain elusive. Here, we searched for such key molecules and find one that alone can induce complete circuit formation. After engineering a new circuit in adult mice, we also looked into its function and relevance for memories. Circuit formation in the central nervous system has been historically studied during development, after which cell-autonomous and nonautonomous wiring factors inactivate. In principle, balanced reactivation of such factors could enable further wiring in adults, but their relative contributions may be circuit dependent and are largely unknown. Here, we investigated hippocampal mossy fiber sprouting to gain insight into wiring mechanisms in mature circuits. We found that sole ectopic expression of Id2 in granule cells is capable of driving mossy fiber sprouting in healthy adult mouse and rat. Mice with the new mossy fiber circuit solved spatial problems equally well as controls but appeared to rely on local rather than global spatial cues. Our results demonstrate reprogrammed connectivity in mature neurons by one defined factor and an assembly of a new synaptic circuit in adult brain.
Collapse
|
10
|
Huang X, Qu R, Peng Y, Yang Y, Fan T, Sun B, Khan AU, Wu S, Wei K, Xu C, Dai J, Ouyang J, Zhong S. Mechanical Sensing Element PDLIM5 Promotes Osteogenesis of Human Fibroblasts by Affecting the Activity of Microfilaments. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050759. [PMID: 34069539 PMCID: PMC8161207 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) approximate the multidirectional differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells, so they are often used in differentiation, cell cultures, and injury repair. They are an important seed source in the field of bone tissue engineering. However, there are a few studies describing the mechanism of osteogenic differentiation of HSFs. Here, osteogenic induction medium was used to induce fibroblasts to differentiate into osteoblasts, and the role of the mechanical sensitive element PDLIM5 in microfilament-mediated osteogenic differentiation of human fibroblasts was evaluated. The depolymerization of microfilaments inhibited the expression of osteogenesis-related proteins and alkaline phosphatase activity of HSFs, while the polymerization of microfilaments enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of HSFs. The evaluation of potential protein molecules affecting changes in microfilaments showed that during the osteogenic differentiation of HSFs, the expression of PDLIM5 increased with increasing induction time, and decreased under the state of microfilament depolymerization. Lentivirus-mediated PDLIM5 knockdown by shRNA weakened the osteogenic differentiation ability of HSFs and inhibited the expression and morphological changes of microfilament protein. The inhibitory effect of knocking down PDLIM5 on HSF osteogenic differentiation was reversed by a microfilament stabilizer. Taken together, these data suggest that PDLIM5 can mediate the osteogenic differentiation of fibroblasts by affecting the formation and polymerization of microfilaments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics & Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (X.H.); (R.Q.); (Y.P.); (Y.Y.); (T.F.); (B.S.); (A.U.K.); (S.W.)
| | - Rongmei Qu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics & Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (X.H.); (R.Q.); (Y.P.); (Y.Y.); (T.F.); (B.S.); (A.U.K.); (S.W.)
| | - Yan Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics & Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (X.H.); (R.Q.); (Y.P.); (Y.Y.); (T.F.); (B.S.); (A.U.K.); (S.W.)
| | - Yuchao Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics & Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (X.H.); (R.Q.); (Y.P.); (Y.Y.); (T.F.); (B.S.); (A.U.K.); (S.W.)
| | - Tingyu Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics & Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (X.H.); (R.Q.); (Y.P.); (Y.Y.); (T.F.); (B.S.); (A.U.K.); (S.W.)
| | - Bing Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics & Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (X.H.); (R.Q.); (Y.P.); (Y.Y.); (T.F.); (B.S.); (A.U.K.); (S.W.)
| | - Asmat Ullah Khan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics & Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (X.H.); (R.Q.); (Y.P.); (Y.Y.); (T.F.); (B.S.); (A.U.K.); (S.W.)
| | - Shutong Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics & Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (X.H.); (R.Q.); (Y.P.); (Y.Y.); (T.F.); (B.S.); (A.U.K.); (S.W.)
| | - Kuanhai Wei
- Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regeneration Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China;
| | - Chujiang Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, TCM-Integrated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China;
| | - Jingxing Dai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics & Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (X.H.); (R.Q.); (Y.P.); (Y.Y.); (T.F.); (B.S.); (A.U.K.); (S.W.)
- Correspondence: (J.D.); (J.O.); (S.Z.); Tel.: +86-(20)-6164-8842 (J.D.); +86-(20)-6164-8199 (J.O.); +86-(20)-6164-8200 (S.Z.)
| | - Jun Ouyang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics & Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (X.H.); (R.Q.); (Y.P.); (Y.Y.); (T.F.); (B.S.); (A.U.K.); (S.W.)
- Correspondence: (J.D.); (J.O.); (S.Z.); Tel.: +86-(20)-6164-8842 (J.D.); +86-(20)-6164-8199 (J.O.); +86-(20)-6164-8200 (S.Z.)
| | - Shizhen Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics & Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (X.H.); (R.Q.); (Y.P.); (Y.Y.); (T.F.); (B.S.); (A.U.K.); (S.W.)
- Correspondence: (J.D.); (J.O.); (S.Z.); Tel.: +86-(20)-6164-8842 (J.D.); +86-(20)-6164-8199 (J.O.); +86-(20)-6164-8200 (S.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Baumert R, Ji H, Paulucci-Holthauzen A, Wolfe A, Sagum C, Hodgson L, Arikkath J, Chen X, Bedford MT, Waxham MN, McCrea PD. Novel phospho-switch function of delta-catenin in dendrite development. J Cell Biol 2021; 219:152151. [PMID: 33007084 PMCID: PMC7534926 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201909166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In neurons, dendrites form the major sites of information receipt and integration. It is thus vital that, during development, the dendritic arbor is adequately formed to enable proper neural circuit formation and function. While several known processes shape the arbor, little is known of those that govern dendrite branching versus extension. Here, we report a new mechanism instructing dendrites to branch versus extend. In it, glutamate signaling activates mGluR5 receptors to promote Ckd5-mediated phosphorylation of the C-terminal PDZ-binding motif of delta-catenin. The phosphorylation state of this motif determines delta-catenin's ability to bind either Pdlim5 or Magi1. Whereas the delta:Pdlim5 complex enhances dendrite branching at the expense of elongation, the delta:Magi1 complex instead promotes lengthening. Our data suggest that these complexes affect dendrite development by differentially regulating the small-GTPase RhoA and actin-associated protein Cortactin. We thus reveal a "phospho-switch" within delta-catenin, subject to a glutamate-mediated signaling pathway, that assists in balancing the branching versus extension of dendrites during neural development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Baumert
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.,Program in Neuroscience, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Houston, TX
| | - Hong Ji
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Aaron Wolfe
- Computational Biology and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Cari Sagum
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX
| | - Louis Hodgson
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology and Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | | | - Xiaojiang Chen
- Computational Biology and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Mark T Bedford
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX.,Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Houston, TX
| | - M Neal Waxham
- Program in Neuroscience, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Houston, TX.,Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX
| | - Pierre D McCrea
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.,Program in Neuroscience, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Houston, TX.,Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Houston, TX
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Huang X, Qu R, Ouyang J, Zhong S, Dai J. An Overview of the Cytoskeleton-Associated Role of PDLIM5. Front Physiol 2020; 11:975. [PMID: 32848888 PMCID: PMC7426503 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine represented by stem cell technology has become one of the pillar medical technologies for human disease treatment. Cytoskeleton plays important roles in maintaining cell morphology, bearing external forces, and maintaining the effectiveness of cell internal structure, among which cytoskeleton related proteins are involved in and play an indispensable role in the changes of cytoskeleton. PDLIM5 is a cytoskeleton-related protein that, like other cytoskeletal proteins, acts as a binding protein. PDZ and LIM domain 5 (PDLIM5), also known as ENH (Enigma homolog), is a cytoplasmic protein with a molecular mass of about 63 KDa that consists of a PDZ domain at the N-terminus and three LIM domains at the C-terminus. PDLIM5 binds to the cytoskeleton and membrane proteins through its PDZ domain and interacts with various signaling molecules, including protein kinases and transcription factors, through its LIM domain. As a cytoskeleton-related protein, PDLIM5 plays an important role in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation and cell fate decision in multiple tissues and cell types. In this review, we briefly summarize the state of knowledge on the PDLIM5 gene, structural properties, and molecular functional mechanisms of the PDLIM5 protein, and its role in cells, tissues, and organ systems, and describe the possible underlying molecular signaling pathways. In the last part of this review, we will focus on discussing the limitations of existing research and the future prospects of PDLIM5 research in turn.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongmei Qu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Ouyang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shizhen Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingxing Dai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shi Y, Wang X, Xu Z, He Y, Guo C, He L, Huan C, Cai C, Huang J, Zhang J, Li Y, Zeng C, Zhang X, Wang L, Ke Y, Cheng H. PDLIM5 inhibits STUB1-mediated degradation of SMAD3 and promotes the migration and invasion of lung cancer cells. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:13798-13811. [PMID: 32737199 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling plays an important role in regulating tumor malignancy, including in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The major biological responses of TGFβ signaling are determined by the effector proteins SMAD2 and SMAD3. However, the regulators of TGFβ-SMAD signaling are not completely revealed yet. Here, we showed that the scaffolding protein PDLIM5 (PDZ and LIM domain protein 5, ENH) critically promotes TGFβ signaling by maintaining SMAD3 stability in NSCLC. First, PDLIM5 was highly expressed in NSCLC compared with that in adjacent normal tissues, and high PDLIM5 expression was associated with poor outcome. Knockdown of PDLIM5 in NSCLC cells decreased migration and invasion in vitro and lung metastasis in vivo In addition, TGFβ signaling and TGFβ-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition was repressed by PDLIM5 knockdown. Mechanistically, PDLIM5 knockdown resulted in a reduction of SMAD3 protein levels. Overexpression of SMAD3 reversed the TGFβ-signaling-repressing and anti-migration effects induced by PDLIM5 knockdown. Notably, PDLIM5 interacted with SMAD3 but not SMAD2 and competitively suppressed the interaction between SMAD3 and its E3 ubiquitin ligase STUB1. Therefore, PDLIM5 protected SMAD3 from STUB1-mediated proteasome degradation. STUB1 knockdown restored SMAD3 protein levels, cell migration, and invasion in PDLIM5-knockdown cells. Collectively, our findings indicate that PDLIM5 is a novel regulator of basal SMAD3 stability, with implications for controlling TGFβ signaling and NSCLC progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueli Shi
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Xu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying He
- Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Chunyi Guo
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingjuan He
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caijuan Huan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changhong Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiqing Li
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunlai Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linrun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuehai Ke
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Hongqiang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lin Q, Wei J, Qian J, You L, Qian W. Somatic Mutations Confer Severe Peripheral Neuropathy in POEMS Syndrome-Associated Multicentric Castleman Disease. Neurosci Bull 2020; 36:664-666. [PMID: 32166648 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-020-00481-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Lin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Malignant Lymphoma Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Juying Wei
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Malignant Lymphoma Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jiejing Qian
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Malignant Lymphoma Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Liangshun You
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Malignant Lymphoma Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Wenbin Qian
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Malignant Lymphoma Diagnosis and Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li F, Liu WC, Wang Q, Sun Y, Wang H, Jin X. NG2-glia cell proliferation and differentiation by glial growth factor 2 (GGF2), a strategy to promote functional recovery after ischemic stroke. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 171:113720. [PMID: 31751533 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is the leading cause of adult disability. Spontaneous functional recovery occurs after ischemic stroke, but it is very limited. Therefore, it is urgent to find a strategy to promote functional recovery after stroke in clinical setting. Gray matter damage has received extensive attention owing to the important roles of the gray matter in synaptic plasticity, cognitive, and motor function. However, stroke also causes white matter damage, which accounts for half of the infarct volume and can be aggravated by blood brain barrier damage. Disruption of white matter integrity, which is characterized by death of oligodendrocytes (OLs), loss of myelin, and axonal injury, greatly contributes to impaired neurological function. Impaired proliferation and differentiation of OL precursor cell (OPC, NG2-glia cells) play an important role in limited functional recovery after ischemic stroke and inhibitor of differentiation 2 (ID2) is a key factor controlling NG2-glia cells differentiation. It has been reported that the number of NG2-glia cells in the peri-infarction area significantly increases after ischemic stroke and glial growth factor (GGF2) administration promotes the proliferation and differentiation of NG2-glia cells as well as functional recovery after spinal cord injury. On the basis of the important roles of GGF2 in functional recovery and those of ID2 in NG2-glia cell proliferation and differentiation, we propose that after binding with the ErBb receptor on the surface of NG2-glia cells, GGF2 promotes NG2-glia cell proliferation and differentiation, thereby repairing BBB and white matter integrity and promoting neural functional recovery after ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Wen-Cao Liu
- Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Yanyun Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuro-Psychiatry Research and Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China.
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, China.
| | - Xinchun Jin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuro-Psychiatry Research and Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gou X, Tang Y, Qu Y, Xiao D, Ying J, Mu D. Could the inhibitor of DNA binding 2 and 4 play a role in white matter injury? Rev Neurosci 2019; 30:625-638. [PMID: 30738015 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2018-0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
White matter injury (WMI) prevents the normal development of myelination, leading to central nervous system myelination disorders and the production of chronic sequelae associated with WMI, such as chronic dyskinesia, cognitive impairment and cerebral palsy. This results in a large emotional and socioeconomic burden. Decreased myelination in preterm infant WMI is associated with the delayed development or destruction of oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage cells, particularly oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). The development of cells from the OL lineage involves the migration, proliferation and different stages of OL differentiation, finally leading to myelination. A series of complex intrinsic, extrinsic and epigenetic factors regulate the OPC cell cycle withdrawal, OL lineage progression and myelination. We focus on the inhibitor of DNA binding 2 (ID2), because it is widely involved in the different stages of OL differentiation and genesis. ID2 is a key transcription factor for the normal development of OL lineage cells, and the pathogenesis of WMI is closely linked with OL developmental disorders. ID4, another family member of the IDs protein, also plays a similar role in OL differentiation and genesis. ID2 and ID4 belong to the helix-loop-helix family; they lack the DNA-binding sequences and inhibit oligodendrogenesis and OPC differentiation. In this review, we mainly discuss the roles of ID2 in OL development, especially during OPC differentiation, and summarize the ID2-mediated intracellular and extracellular signaling pathways that regulate these processes. We also discuss ID4 in relation to bone morphogenetic protein signaling and oligodendrogenesis. It is likely that these developmental mechanisms are also involved in the myelin repair or remyelination in human neurological diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Gou
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Qu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dongqiong Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Junjie Ying
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dezhi Mu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pan WL, Chopp M, Fan B, Zhang R, Wang X, Hu J, Zhang XM, Zhang ZG, Liu XS. Ablation of the microRNA-17-92 cluster in neural stem cells diminishes adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive function. FASEB J 2019; 33:5257-5267. [PMID: 30668139 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801019r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Impairment of adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus causes cognitive deficits; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate neural stem cell (NSC) function. With the use of a transgenic mouse line with conditional ablation of the miR-17-92 cluster in nestin lineage NSCs, we tested the hypothesis that the miR-17-92 cluster regulates adult neurogenesis and cognitive function in vivo. Compared with wild-type mice, ablation of the miR-17-92 cluster significantly reduced the number of proliferating NSCs and neuroblasts and neuronal differentiation in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus and significantly impaired hippocampal-dependent learning and memory, as assayed by social recognition memory, novel object recognition, and Morris water-maze tests. Statistical analysis showed a highly significant correlation between newly generated neuroblasts in the DG and cognition deficits in miR-17-92 knockout (KO) mice. Western blot analysis showed that conditional KO of the miR-17-92 cluster significantly increased and reduced a cytoskeleton-associated protein, Enigma homolog 1 (ENH1), and its downstream transcription factor, inhibitor of differentiation 1 (ID1), respectively, as well as increased phosphatase and tensin homolog gene. These proteins are related to neuronal differentiation. Our study demonstrates that the miR-17-92 cluster in NSCs is critical for cognitive and behavioral function and regulates neurogenesis and that the miR-17-92 cluster may target ENH1/ID1 signaling.-Pan, W. L., Chopp, M., Fan, B., Zhang, R., Wang, X., Hu, J., Zhang, X. M., Zhang, Z. G., Liu, X. S. Ablation of the microRNA-17-92 cluster in neural stem cells diminishes adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan Long Pan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Michael Chopp
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | - Baoyan Fan
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Ruilan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Xinli Wang
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Jiani Hu
- Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Xiao Ming Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Zheng Gang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Xian Shuang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu X, Chen L, Huang H, Lv JM, Chen M, Qu FJ, Pan XW, Li L, Yin L, Cui XG, Gao Y, Xu DF. High expression of PDLIM5 facilitates cell tumorigenesis and migration by maintaining AMPK activation in prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:98117-98134. [PMID: 29228678 PMCID: PMC5716718 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PDZ and LIM domain 5 (PDLIM5) is a cytoskeleton-associated protein and has been shown to bind to a variety of proteins through its specific domain, thereby acting to regulate cell migration and tumor progression. Here, we found that PDLIM5 was abnormally upregulated in prostate cancer (PCa) tissues as compared with that in normal prostate tissue. ONCOMINE microarray data mining showed that PDLIM5 was closely correlated with the prognosis of PCa in terms of Gleason score, tumor metastasis and biochemical recurrence. Lentivirus-mediated short hairpin RNA (shRNA) knockdown of PDLIM5 inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation, arrested hormone independent PCa cells DU145 and PC-3 in G2/M phase, and induced apoptosis. Meanwhile, silencing PDLIM5 inhibited migration and invasion of tumor cells by reversing the mesenchymal phenotype and a similar result was confirmed in a xenograft nude mouse model. Finally, we found PDLIM5 plays a crucial role in regulating malignant tumor cell proliferation, invasion and migration by binding to AMPK and affecting its activation and degradation, and may therefore prove to be a potential oncogenic gene in the development and progression of PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Liu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Jian-Min Lv
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Fa-Jun Qu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 201805, China
| | - Xiu-Wu Pan
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 201805, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 201805, China
| | - Lei Yin
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Xin-Gang Cui
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 201805, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Dan-Feng Xu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Konze SA, Werneburg S, Oberbeck A, Olmer R, Kempf H, Jara-Avaca M, Pich A, Zweigerdt R, Buettner FFR. Proteomic Analysis of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Cardiomyogenesis Revealed Altered Expression of Metabolic Enzymes and PDLIM5 Isoforms. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:1133-1149. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Konze
- Institute
of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH
Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sebastian Werneburg
- Institute
of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH
Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Astrid Oberbeck
- Institute
of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH
Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ruth Olmer
- Leibniz
Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, Department
of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH
Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Henning Kempf
- Leibniz
Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, Department
of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH
Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Monica Jara-Avaca
- Leibniz
Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, Department
of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH
Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Pich
- Institute
of Toxicology, Core Facility Proteomics, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Robert Zweigerdt
- Leibniz
Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, Department
of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH
Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Falk F. R. Buettner
- Institute
of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH
Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Inhibitors of DNA binding and cell differentiation (Id) proteins are members of the large family of the helix-loop-helix (HLH) transcription factors, but they lack any DNA-binding motif. During development, the Id proteins play a key role in the regulation of cell-cycle progression and cell differentiation by modulating different cell-cycle regulators both by direct and indirect mechanisms. Several Id-protein interacting partners have been identified thus far, which belong to structurally and functionally unrelated families, including, among others, the class I and II bHLH transcription factors, the retinoblastoma protein and related pocket proteins, the paired-box transcription factors, and the S5a subunit of the 26 S proteasome. Although the HLH domain of the Id proteins is involved in most of their protein-protein interaction events, additional motifs located in their N-terminal and C-terminal regions are required for the recognition of diverse protein partners. The ability of the Id proteins to interact with structurally different proteins is likely to arise from their conformational flexibility: indeed, these proteins contain intrinsically disordered regions that, in the case of the HLH region, undergo folding upon self- or heteroassociation. Besides their crucial role for cell-fate determination and cell-cycle progression during development, other important cellular events have been related to the Id-protein expression in a number of pathologies. Dysregulated Id-protein expression has been associated with tumor growth, vascularization, invasiveness, metastasis, chemoresistance and stemness, as well as with various developmental defects and diseases. Herein we provide an overview on the structural properties, mode of action, biological function and therapeutic potential of these regulatory proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Roschger
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Billrothstrasse 11, Salzburg, 5020, Austria
| | - Chiara Cabrele
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Billrothstrasse 11, Salzburg, 5020, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Roschger C, Cabrele C. The Id-protein family in developmental and cancer-associated pathways. Cell Commun Signal 2017; 15:7. [PMID: 28122577 PMCID: PMC5267474 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-016-0161-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitors of DNA binding and cell differentiation (Id) proteins are members of the large family of the helix-loop-helix (HLH) transcription factors, but they lack any DNA-binding motif. During development, the Id proteins play a key role in the regulation of cell-cycle progression and cell differentiation by modulating different cell-cycle regulators both by direct and indirect mechanisms. Several Id-protein interacting partners have been identified thus far, which belong to structurally and functionally unrelated families, including, among others, the class I and II bHLH transcription factors, the retinoblastoma protein and related pocket proteins, the paired-box transcription factors, and the S5a subunit of the 26 S proteasome. Although the HLH domain of the Id proteins is involved in most of their protein-protein interaction events, additional motifs located in their N-terminal and C-terminal regions are required for the recognition of diverse protein partners. The ability of the Id proteins to interact with structurally different proteins is likely to arise from their conformational flexibility: indeed, these proteins contain intrinsically disordered regions that, in the case of the HLH region, undergo folding upon self- or heteroassociation. Besides their crucial role for cell-fate determination and cell-cycle progression during development, other important cellular events have been related to the Id-protein expression in a number of pathologies. Dysregulated Id-protein expression has been associated with tumor growth, vascularization, invasiveness, metastasis, chemoresistance and stemness, as well as with various developmental defects and diseases. Herein we provide an overview on the structural properties, mode of action, biological function and therapeutic potential of these regulatory proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Roschger
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Billrothstrasse 11, Salzburg, 5020, Austria
| | - Chiara Cabrele
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Billrothstrasse 11, Salzburg, 5020, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ko HR, Kwon IS, Hwang I, Jin EJ, Shin JH, Brennan-Minnella AM, Swanson R, Cho SW, Lee KH, Ahn JY. Akt1-Inhibitor of DNA binding2 is essential for growth cone formation and axon growth and promotes central nervous system axon regeneration. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27938661 PMCID: PMC5153247 DOI: 10.7554/elife.20799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanistic studies of axon growth during development are beneficial to the search for neuron-intrinsic regulators of axon regeneration. Here, we discovered that, in the developing neuron from rat, Akt signaling regulates axon growth and growth cone formation through phosphorylation of serine 14 (S14) on Inhibitor of DNA binding 2 (Id2). This enhances Id2 protein stability by means of escape from proteasomal degradation, and steers its localization to the growth cone, where Id2 interacts with radixin that is critical for growth cone formation. Knockdown of Id2, or abrogation of Id2 phosphorylation at S14, greatly impairs axon growth and the architecture of growth cone. Intriguingly, reinstatement of Akt/Id2 signaling after injury in mouse hippocampal slices redeemed growth promoting ability, leading to obvious axon regeneration. Our results suggest that Akt/Id2 signaling is a key module for growth cone formation and axon growth, and its augmentation plays a potential role in CNS axonal regeneration. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.20799.001
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Rim Ko
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Sun Kwon
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Inwoo Hwang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Jin
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Ho Shin
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Angela M Brennan-Minnella
- The Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, United States
| | - Raymond Swanson
- The Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, United States
| | - Sung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoon Lee
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anatomy, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Yin Ahn
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ito J, Iijima M, Yoshimoto N, Niimi T, Kuroda S, Maturana AD. RBM20 and RBM24 cooperatively promote the expression of short enh splice variants. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:2262-74. [PMID: 27289039 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PDZ-LIM protein ENH1 is a scaffold protein for protein kinases and transcriptional regulators. While ENH1 promotes the hypertrophic growth of cardiomyocytes, its short splice variant (ENH3) prevents the hypertrophic growth. The mechanism underlying the alternative splicing of enh mRNA between ENH short and long isoforms has remained unknown. Here, we found that two splicing factors, RNA-binding motif 20 (RBM20) and RNA-binding motif 24 (RBM24) together promoted the expression of short enh splice variants and bound the 5' intronic region of exon 11 containing an in-phase stop codon. In addition, expression of both RBMs is repressed by hypertrophic stimulations. Collectively, our results suggest that, in healthy conditions, RBM20 and RBM24 cooperate to promote the expression of short ENH isoforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jumpei Ito
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masumi Iijima
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuo Yoshimoto
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Niimi
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Japan
| | - Shun'ichi Kuroda
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Japan.,The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Andrés D Maturana
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
MicroRNA-17-92 regulates myoblast proliferation and differentiation by targeting the ENH1/Id1 signaling axis. Cell Death Differ 2016; 23:1658-69. [PMID: 27315298 PMCID: PMC5041193 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2016.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Myogenesis is an important biological process that occurs during both skeletal muscle regeneration and postnatal growth. Growing evidence points to the critical role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in myogenesis. Our analysis of miRNA expression patterns reveal that miRNAs of miR-17-92 cluster are dramatically downregulated in C2C12 cells after myogenesis stimulation, are strongly induced in mouse skeletal muscle after injury and decrease steadily thereafter and are downregulated with age in skeletal muscle during mouse and porcine postnatal growth. However, their roles in muscle developmental processes remain elusive. We show that the miR-17-92 cluster promotes mouse myoblast proliferation but inhibits myotube formation. miR-17, -20a and -92a target the actin-associated protein enigma homolog 1 (ENH1). The silencing of ENH1 increased the nuclear accumulation of the inhibitor of differentiation 1 (Id1) and represses myogenic differentiation. Furthermore, the injection of adenovirus expressing miR-20a into the tibialia anterior muscle downregulates ENH1 and delays regeneration. In addition, the downregulation of miR-17-92 during myogenesis is transcriptionally regulated by E2F1. Overall, our results reveal a E2F1/miR-17-92/ENH1/Id1 regulatory axis during myogenesis.
Collapse
|
25
|
Nakatani M, Ito J, Koyama R, Iijima M, Yoshimoto N, Niimi T, Kuroda S, Maturana AD. Scaffold protein enigma homolog 1 overcomes the repression of myogenesis activation by inhibitor of DNA binding 2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 474:413-420. [PMID: 27114303 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.04.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Enigma Homolog 1 (ENH1) is a scaffold protein for signaling proteins and transcription factors. Previously, we reported that ENH1 overexpression promotes the differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the role of ENH1 in the C2C12 cells differentiation remains elusive. ENH1 was shown to inhibit the proliferation of neuroblastoma cells by sequestering Inhibitor of DNA binding protein 2 (Id2) in the cytosol. Id2 is a repressor of basic Helix-Loop-Helix transcription factors activity and prevents myogenesis. Here, we found that ENH1 overcome the Id2 repression of C2C12 cells myogenic differentiation and that ENH1 overexpression promotes mice satellite cells activation, the first step toward myogenic differentiation. In addition, we show that ENH1 interacted with Id2 in C2C12 cells and mice satellite cells. Collectively, our results suggest that ENH1 plays an important role in the activation of myogenesis through the repression of Id2 activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miyuki Nakatani
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Nagoya, 464-8106, Japan
| | - Jumpei Ito
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Nagoya, 464-8106, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan
| | - Riko Koyama
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Nagoya, 464-8106, Japan
| | - Masumi Iijima
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Nobuo Yoshimoto
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Niimi
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Nagoya, 464-8106, Japan
| | - Shun'ichi Kuroda
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Nagoya, 464-8106, Japan; The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Andrés D Maturana
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Nagoya, 464-8106, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Mazzoccoli G, Colangelo T, Panza A, Rubino R, De Cata A, Tiberio C, Valvano MR, Pazienza V, Merla G, Augello B, Trombetta D, Storlazzi CT, Macchia G, Gentile A, Tavano F, Vinciguerra M, Bisceglia G, Rosato V, Colantuoni V, Sabatino L, Piepoli A. Deregulated expression of cryptochrome genes in human colorectal cancer. Mol Cancer 2016; 15:6. [PMID: 26768731 PMCID: PMC4714521 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-016-0492-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Circadian disruption and deranged molecular clockworks are involved in carcinogenesis. The cryptochrome genes (CRY1 and CRY2) encode circadian proteins important for the functioning of biological oscillators. Their expression in human colorectal cancer (CRC) and in colon cancer cell lines has not been evaluated so far. Methods We investigated CRY1 and CRY2 expression in fifty CRCs and in the CaCo2, HCT116, HT29, SW480 cell lines. Results CRY1 (p = 0.01) and CRY2 (p < 0.0001) expression was significantly changed in tumour tissue, as confirmed in a large independent CRC dataset. In addition, lower CRY1 mRNA levels were observed in patients in the age range of 62-74 years (p = 0.018), in female patients (p = 0.003) and in cancers located at the transverse colon (p = 0.008). Lower CRY2 levels were also associated with cancer location at the transverse colon (p = 0.007). CRC patients displaying CRY1 (p = 0.042) and CRY2 (p = 0.043) expression levels over the median were hallmarked by a poorer survival rate. Survey of selected colon cancer cell lines evidenced variable levels of cryptochrome genes expression and time-dependent changes in their mRNA levels. Moreover, they showed reduced apoptosis, increased proliferation and different response to 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin upon CRY1 and CRY2 ectopic expression. The relationship with p53 status came out as an additional layer of regulation: higher CRY1 and CRY2 protein levels coincided with a wild type p53 as in HCT116 cells and this condition only marginally affected the apoptotic and cell proliferation characteristics of the cells upon CRY ectopic expression. Conversely, lower CRY and CRY2 levels as in HT29 and SW480 cells coincided with a mutated p53 and a more robust apoptosis and proliferation upon CRY transfection. Besides, an heterogeneous pattern of ARNTL, WEE and c-MYC expression hallmarked the chosen colon cancer cell lines and likely influenced their phenotypic changes. Conclusion Cryptochrome gene expression is altered in CRC, particularly in elderly subjects, female patients and cancers located at the transverse colon, affecting overall survival. Altered CRY1 and CRY2 expression patterns and the interplay with the genetic landscape in colon cancer cells may underlie phenotypic divergence that could influence disease behavior as well as CRC patients survival and response to chemotherapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12943-016-0492-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy. .,Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, 71013, Italy.
| | - Tommaso Colangelo
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Anna Panza
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Rosa Rubino
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Angelo De Cata
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Cristiana Tiberio
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Valvano
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Valerio Pazienza
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Merla
- Medical Genetics, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Bartolomeo Augello
- Medical Genetics, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Domenico Trombetta
- Oncology-Research Laboratory, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | | | - Gemma Macchia
- Department of Biology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Annamaria Gentile
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Francesca Tavano
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Manlio Vinciguerra
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy.,Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Sciences and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy.,School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK.,Division of Medicine, University College London, Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
| | - Giovanni Bisceglia
- Division of Abdominal Surgery, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Valeria Rosato
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Vittorio Colantuoni
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Lina Sabatino
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Ada Piepoli
- Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Cheng H, Chen T, Tor M, Park D, Zhou Q, Huang JB, Khatib N, Rong L, Zhou G. A High-Throughput Screening Platform Targeting PDLIM5 for Pulmonary Hypertension. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 21:333-41. [DOI: 10.1177/1087057115625924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a complex disease with multiple etiologic factors. PDLIM5, a member of the Enigma subfamily of PDZ and LIM domain protein family, contains an N-terminal PDZ domain and three LIM domains at its C-terminus. We have previously shown that overexpression of PDLIM5 prevents hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH), and deletion of PDLIM5 in smooth muscle cells enhances hypoxia-induced PH in vivo. These results suggest that PDLIM5 may be a novel therapeutic target of PH. In this study, we aim to establish a high-throughput screening platform for PDLIM5-targeted drug discovery. We generated a stable mink lung epithelial cell line (MLEC) containing a transforming growth factor–β/Smad luciferase reporter with lentivirus-mediated suppression of PDLIM5 (MLEC-shPDLIM5) and measured levels of Smad2/3 and pSmad2/3. We found that in MLEC, suppression of PDLIM5 decreased Smad-dependent luciferase activity, Smad3, and pSmad3. We used MLEC-shPDLIM5 and a control cell line (MLEC-shCTL) to screen the Prestwick library (1200 compounds) and identified and validated paclitaxel as a PDLIM5 inhibitor in MLEC. Furthermore, we showed that paclitaxel inhibited Smad2 expression and Smad3 phosphorylation in A549 cells. Our study suggests that this system is robust and suitable for PDLIM5-targeted drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Cheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tianji Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Merve Tor
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Deborah Park
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Qiyuan Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jason B. Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nour Khatib
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lijun Rong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Guofei Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Scaffold protein enigma homolog activates CREB whereas a short splice variant prevents CREB activation in cardiomyocytes. Cell Signal 2015; 27:2425-33. [PMID: 26365342 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Enigma Homolog (ENH1 or Pdlim5) is a scaffold protein composed of an N-terminal PDZ domain and three LIM domains at the C-terminal end. The enh gene encodes for several splice variants with opposing functions. ENH1 promotes cardiomyocytes hypertrophy whereas ENH splice variants lacking LIM domains prevent it. ENH1 interacts with various Protein Kinase C (PKC) isozymes and Protein Kinase D1 (PKD1). In addition, the binding of ENH1's LIM domains to PKC is sufficient to activate the kinase without stimulation. The downstream events of the ENH1-PKC/PKD1 complex remain unknown. PKC and PKD1 are known to phosphorylate the transcription factor cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB). We tested whether ENH1 could play a role in the activation of CREB. We found that, in neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes, ENH1 interacts with CREB, is necessary for the phosphorylation of CREB at ser133, and the activation of CREB-dependent transcription. On the contrary, the overexpression of ENH3, a LIM-less splice variant, inhibited the phosphorylation of CREB. ENH3 overexpression or shRNA knockdown of ENH1 prevented the CREB-dependent transcription. Our results thus suggest that ENH1 plays an essential role in CREB's activation and dependent transcription in cardiomyocytes. At the opposite, ENH3 prevents the CREB transcriptional activity. In conclusion, these results provide a first molecular explanation to the opposing functions of ENH splice variants.
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Id (DNA binding and/or differentiation) proteins occur physiologically during ontogenesis and negatively regulate the activity of other helix-loop-helix (HLH) proteins. Id2 protein causes block of cells differentiation in the S phase of the cell cycle and regulates the activity of Rb protein. The role of Id2 protein in physiological cell cycle progression and in neuroblastoma (NBL) pathogenesis was proposed by Lasorella. The aim of the study was evaluation of Id2 expression and its prognostic significance in NBL cells coming from primary tumors and evaluation of its prognostic significance, and correlation of Id2 expression with known prognostic factors. Sixty patients with primary NBL treated from 1991 to 2005 were included in the analysis. We found 50 patients with high and 10 patients with low intensity of Id2 expression. The median percentage of NBL cells with Id2 expression was 88 %. We found no correlation between the number of NBL cells or the intensity of Id2 expression and OS and DFS. In patients with stage 4 NBL, almost all patients had high expression of Id2 and it was significantly more common than in other disease stages (p = 0,03). We found no correlation between Id2 expression and other known prognostic factor in NBL patients. We assume that Id2 is not prognostic factor. However, due to its abundant expression in most of NBL cells and its role in cell cycle, it may be potential therapeutic target. Exact knowledge of expression time may be helpful in explaining mechanisms of oncogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Wieczorek
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Polish-American Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland,
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chen T, Zhou G, Zhou Q, Tang H, Ibe JCF, Cheng H, Gou D, Chen J, Yuan JXJ, Raj JU. Loss of microRNA-17∼92 in smooth muscle cells attenuates experimental pulmonary hypertension via induction of PDZ and LIM domain 5. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015; 191:678-92. [PMID: 25647182 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201405-0941oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Recent studies suggest that microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in regulation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) phenotype and are implicated in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. OBJECTIVES This study aims to understand the mechanisms regulating PASMC proliferation and differentiation by microRNA-17∼92 (miR-17∼92) and to elucidate its implication in PAH. METHODS We generated smooth muscle cell (SMC)-specific miR-17∼92 and PDZ and LIM domain 5 (PDLIM5) knockout mice and overexpressed miR-17∼92 and PDLIM5 by injection of miR-17∼92 mimics or PDLIM5-V5-His plasmids and measured their responses to hypoxia. We used miR-17∼92 mimics, inhibitors, overexpression vectors, small interfering RNAs against PDLIM5, Smad, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β to determine the role of miR-17∼92 and its downstream targets in PASMC proliferation and differentiation. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We found that human PASMC (HPASMC) from patients with PAH expressed decreased levels of the miR-17∼92 cluster, TGF-β, and SMC markers. Overexpression of miR-17∼92 increased and restored the expression of TGF-β3, Smad3, and SMC markers in HPASMC of normal subjects and patients with idiopathic PAH, respectively. Knockdown of Smad3 but not Smad2 prevented miR-17∼92-induced expression of SMC markers. SMC-specific knockout of miR-17∼92 attenuated hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) in mice, whereas reconstitution of miR-17∼92 restored hypoxia-induced PH in these mice. We also found that PDLIM5 is a direct target of miR-17/20a, and hypertensive HPASMC and mouse PASMC expressed elevated PDLIM5 levels. Suppression of PDLIM5 increased expression of SMC markers and enhanced TGF-β/Smad2/3 activity in vitro and enhanced hypoxia-induced PH in vivo, whereas overexpression of PDLIM5 attenuated hypoxia-induced PH. CONCLUSIONS We provided the first evidence that miR-17∼92 inhibits PDLIM5 to induce the TGF-β3/SMAD3 pathway, contributing to the pathogenesis of PAH.
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhou JP, Gao ZL, Zhou ML, He MY, Xu XH, Tao DT, Yang CC, Liu LK. Snail interacts with Id2 in the regulation of TNF-α-induced cancer cell invasion and migration in OSCC. Am J Cancer Res 2015; 5:1680-1691. [PMID: 26175937 PMCID: PMC4497435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory tumor microenvironment has been identified to play a pivotal role in tumor development and metastasis. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is one of the key cytokines that regulate the inflammatory processes in tumor promotion. In the current study, we treated three oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines with TNF-α to study its role in inflammation-induced tumor progression. Here we show that TNF-α induces stabilization of the transcriptional repressor Snail and activates NF-κB pathway in the three OSCC cell lines. These activities resulted in the increased motility and invasiveness of three OSCC cell lines. In addition, upon dealing with TNF-α for the indicated time, three OSCC cell lines underwent epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), in which they presented a fibroblast-like phenotype and had a decreased expression of epithelial marker (E-cadherin) and an increased expression of mesenchymal marker (vimentin). We further demonstrated that TNF-α can up-regulate the expression of Id2 while inducing an EMT in oral cancer cells. Finally, we showed that Id2 interacted with Snail which may constrain Snail-dependent suppression of E-cadherin. In conclusion, our study indicates that TNF-α induces Snail stabilization is dependent on the activation of NF-κB pathway and results in increasing cell invasion and migration in OSCC cells. Id2 may contribute to regulate the function of Snail during TNF-α-mediated EMT in OSCC. These findings have significant implications for inflammation-induced tumor promotion in OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ping Zhou
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Wannan Medical CollegeWuhu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Lin Gao
- Department of Oncology IV, First Hospital of ShijiazhuangShijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mei-Ling Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng-Ying He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Hui Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of The First Outpatient, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - De-Tao Tao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical CollegeWuhu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cong-Chong Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lai-Kui Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yan Y, Tsukamoto O, Nakano A, Kato H, Kioka H, Ito N, Higo S, Yamazaki S, Shintani Y, Matsuoka K, Liao Y, Asanuma H, Asakura M, Takafuji K, Minamino T, Asano Y, Kitakaze M, Takashima S. Augmented AMPK activity inhibits cell migration by phosphorylating the novel substrate Pdlim5. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6137. [PMID: 25635515 PMCID: PMC4317497 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Augmented AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity inhibits cell migration, possibly contributing to the clinical benefits of chemical AMPK activators in preventing atherosclerosis, vascular remodelling and cancer metastasis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here we identify PDZ and LIM domain 5 (Pdlim5) as a novel AMPK substrate and show that it plays a critical role in the inhibition of cell migration. AMPK directly phosphorylates Pdlim5 at Ser177. Exogenous expression of phosphomimetic S177D-Pdlim5 inhibits cell migration and attenuates lamellipodia formation. Consistent with this observation, S177D-Pdlim5 suppresses Rac1 activity at the cell periphery and displaces the Arp2/3 complex from the leading edge. Notably, S177D-Pdlim5, but not WT-Pdlim5, attenuates the association with Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors at the cell periphery. Taken together, our findings indicate that phosphorylation of Pdlim5 on Ser177 by AMPK mediates inhibition of cell migration by suppressing the Rac1-Arp2/3 signalling pathway. Augmented AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity inhibits cell migration through an unknown mechanism. Here, Yan et al. show that AMPK phosphorylates the novel substrate PDZ and LIM domain 5 (Pdlim5), and that phosphomimetic Pdlim5 impairs cell migration by disrupting the Rac1-Arp2/3 signalling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Osamu Tsukamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakano
- Depertment of Clinical Research and Development, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Kato
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kioka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Noriaki Ito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shuichiro Higo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Satoru Yamazaki
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Yasunori Shintani
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ken Matsuoka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yulin Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Hiroshi Asanuma
- Depertment of Clinical Research and Development, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Masanori Asakura
- Depertment of Clinical Research and Development, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Takafuji
- Center for Research Education, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Asano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kitakaze
- Depertment of Clinical Research and Development, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Seiji Takashima
- 1] Department of Medical Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan [2] Japan Science and Technology Agency-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ferrer-Vicens I, Riffo‐Campos ÁL, Zaragozá R, García C, López-Rodas G, Viña JR, Torres L, García-Trevijano ER. In vivo genome-wide binding of Id2 to E2F4 target genes as part of a reversible program in mice liver. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71:3583-97. [PMID: 24573694 PMCID: PMC11113549 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1588-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The inhibitor of differentiation Id2, a protein lacking the basic DNA-binding domain, is involved in the modulation of a number of biological processes. The molecular mechanisms explaining Id2 pleiotropic functions are poorly understood. Id2 and E2F4 are known to bind simultaneously to c-myc promoter. To study whether Id2 plays a global role on transcriptional regulation, we performed in vivo genome-wide ChIP/chip experiments for Id2 and E2F4 in adult mouse liver. An Id2-containing complex was bound to a common sequence downstream from the TSS on a subset of 442 E2F4 target genes mainly related to cell development and chromatin structure. We found a positive correlation between Id2 protein levels and the expression of E2F4/Id2 targets in fetal and adult liver. Id2 protein stability increased in fetal liver by interaction with USP1 de-ubiquitinating enzyme, which was induced during development. In adult liver, USP1 and Id2 levels dramatically decreased. In differentiated liver tissue, when Id2 concentration was low, E2F4/Id2 was bound to the same region as paused Pol II and target genes remained transcriptionally inactive. Conversely, in fetal liver when Id2 levels were increased, Id2 and Pol II were released from gene promoters and target genes up-regulated. During liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy, we obtained the same results as in fetal liver. Our results suggest that Id2 might be part of a reversible development-related program involved in the paused-ON/OFF state of Pol II on selected genes that would remain responsive to specific stimuli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Ferrer-Vicens
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular. Facultad de Medicina. Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico-INCLIVA, Universidad de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibañez, 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ángela L. Riffo‐Campos
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas. Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico-INCLIVA, Universidad de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibañez, 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rosa Zaragozá
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular. Facultad de Medicina. Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico-INCLIVA, Universidad de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibañez, 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Concha García
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular. Facultad de Medicina. Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico-INCLIVA, Universidad de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibañez, 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Gerardo López-Rodas
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas. Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico-INCLIVA, Universidad de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibañez, 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan R. Viña
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular. Facultad de Medicina. Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico-INCLIVA, Universidad de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibañez, 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis Torres
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular. Facultad de Medicina. Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico-INCLIVA, Universidad de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibañez, 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena R. García-Trevijano
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular. Facultad de Medicina. Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico-INCLIVA, Universidad de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibañez, 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Extensive nonmuscle expression and epithelial apicobasal localization of the Drosophila ALP/Enigma family protein, Zasp52. Gene Expr Patterns 2014; 15:67-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|
35
|
Li J, Wu D, Jiang N, Zhuang Y. Combined deletion of Id2 and Id3 genes reveals multiple roles for E proteins in invariant NKT cell development and expansion. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2013; 191:5052-64. [PMID: 24123680 PMCID: PMC3837387 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The invariant NKT (iNKT) cells represent a unique group of αβ T cells that have been classified based on their exclusive usage of the invariant Vα14Jα18 TCRα-chain and their innate-like effector function. Thus far, the transcriptional programs that control Vα14Jα18 TCRα rearrangements and the population size of iNKT cells are still incompletely defined. E protein transcription factors have been shown to play necessary roles in the development of multiple T cell lineages, including iNKT cells. In this study, we examined E protein functions in T cell development through combined deletion of genes encoding E protein inhibitors Id2 and Id3. Deletion of Id2 and Id3 in T cell progenitors resulted in a partial block at the pre-TCR selection checkpoint and a dramatic increase in numbers of iNKT cells. The increase in iNKT cells is accompanied with a biased rearrangement involving Vα14 to Jα18 recombination at the double-positive stage and enhanced proliferation of iNKT cells. We further demonstrate that a 50% reduction of E proteins can cause a dramatic switch from iNKT to innate-like γδ T cell fate in Id2- and Id3-deficient mice. Collectively, these findings suggest that Id2- and Id3-mediated inhibition of E proteins controls iNKT development by restricting lineage choice and population expansion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712
| | - Ning Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wozniak MA, Baker BM, Chen CS, Wilson KL. The emerin-binding transcription factor Lmo7 is regulated by association with p130Cas at focal adhesions. PeerJ 2013; 1:e134. [PMID: 24010014 PMCID: PMC3757464 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of function mutations in the nuclear inner membrane protein, emerin, cause X-linked Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (X-EDMD). X-EDMD is characterized by contractures of major tendons, skeletal muscle weakening and wasting, and cardiac conduction system defects. The transcription factor Lmo7 regulates muscle- and heart-relevant genes and is inhibited by binding to emerin, suggesting Lmo7 misregulation contributes to EDMD disease. Lmo7 associates with cell adhesions and shuttles between the plasma membrane and nucleus, but the regulation and biological consequences of this dual localization were unknown. We report endogenous Lmo7 also associates with focal adhesions in cells, and both co-localizes and co-immunoprecipitates with p130Cas, a key signaling component of focal adhesions. Lmo7 nuclear localization and transcriptional activity increased significantly in p130Cas-null MEFs, suggesting Lmo7 is negatively regulated by p130Cas-dependent association with focal adhesions. These results support EDMD models in which Lmo7 is a downstream mediator of integrin-dependent signaling that allows tendon cells and muscles to adapt to and withstand mechanical stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele A Wozniak
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD , USA ; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA , USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ito J, Takita M, Takimoto K, Maturana AD. Enigma homolog 1 promotes myogenic gene expression and differentiation of C2C12 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 435:483-7. [PMID: 23680663 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Enigma homolog (ENH) gene generates several splicing variants. The initially identified ENH1 possesses one PDZ and three LIM domains, whereas ENH2~4 lack the latter domains. The splicing switch from ENH1 to LIM-less ENHs occurs during development/maturation of skeletal and heart muscles. We examined for the roles of ENH splicing variants in muscle differentiation using C2C12 cells. Cells stably expressing ENH1 exhibited significantly higher MyoD and myogenin mRNA levels before differentiation and after 5 days in low serum-differentiating medium than mock-transfected cells. ENH1-stable transformants also retained the ability to exhibit elongated morphology with well-extended actin fibers following differentiation. In contrast, cells stably expressing ENH3 or ENH4 did not show myotube-like morphology or reorganization of actin fibers following culture in the differentiating medium. Transient overexpression of ENH1 using adenovirus supported the increased expression of muscle marker mRNAs and the formation of well-organized stress fibers, whereas ENH4 overexpression prevented these morphological changes. Furthermore, specific suppression of ENH1 expression by RNAi caused a significant reduction in MyoD mRNA level and blocked the morphological changes. These results suggest that ENH1 with multiple protein-protein interaction modules is essential for differentiation of striated muscles, whereas ectopic expression of LIM-less ENH disrupts normal muscle differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jumpei Ito
- Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Horiuchi Y, Ishikawa M, Kaito N, Iijima Y, Tanabe Y, Ishiguro H, Arinami T. Experimental evidence for the involvement of PDLIM5 in mood disorders in hetero knockout mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59320. [PMID: 23593136 PMCID: PMC3620230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reports indicate that PDLIM5 is involved in mood disorders. The PDLIM5 (PDZ and LIM domain 5) gene has been genetically associated with mood disorders; it’s expression is upregulated in the postmortem brains of patients with bipolar disorder and downregulated in the peripheral lymphocytes of patients with major depression. Acute and chronic methamphetamine (METH) administration may model mania and the evolution of mania into psychotic mania or schizophrenia-like behavioral changes, respectively. Methods To address whether the downregulation of PDLIM5 protects against manic symptoms and cause susceptibility to depressive symptoms, we evaluated the effects of reduced Pdlim5 levels on acute and chronic METH-induced locomotor hyperactivity, prepulse inhibition, and forced swimming by using Pdlim5 hetero knockout (KO) mice. Results The homozygous KO of Pdlim5 is embryonic lethal. The effects of METH administration on locomotor hyperactivity and the impairment of prepulse inhibition were lower in Pdlim5 hetero KO mice than in wild-type mice. The transient inhibition of PDLIM5 (achieved by blocking the translocation of protein kinase C epsilon before the METH challenge) had a similar effect on behavior. Pdlim5 hetero KO mice showed increased immobility time in the forced swimming test, which was diminished after the chronic administration of imipramine. Chronic METH treatment increased, whereas chronic haloperidol treatment decreased, Pdlim5 mRNA levels in the prefrontal cortex. Imipramine increased Pdlim5 mRNA levels in the hippocampus. Conclusion These findings are partially compatible with reported observations in humans, indicating that PDLIM5 is involved in psychiatric disorders, including mood disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasue Horiuchi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Majors of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Maya Ishikawa
- Department of Medical Genetics, Majors of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Nobuko Kaito
- Department of Medical Genetics, Majors of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Iijima
- Department of Medical Genetics, Majors of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Tanabe
- Department of Medical Genetics, Majors of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ishiguro
- Department of Medical Genetics, Majors of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tadao Arinami
- Department of Medical Genetics, Majors of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Developmental changes and subcellular location in inhibitor of DNA binding 2 (Id2) immunoreactivity in the rat Corpus callosum. Acta Histochem 2012; 114:653-8. [PMID: 22172709 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2011.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Revised: 11/19/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination are still unclear, but understanding them will be critical for the development of therapies for multiple sclerosis. Inhibitor of DNA binding 2 (Id2) is a transcription factor thought to inhibit oligodendrocyte differentiation, however, it is not known whether the developmental changes and subcellular localization of Id2 are related to myelination. Therefore, we investigated the developmental changes in and the subcellular localization of Id2 immunoreactivity in the rat Corpus callosum, at post-natal developmental stages P0, P7, P14, P21, P42 and P90, by immunohistochemistry. Id2 expression increased from P0 to a peak at P42, the late stage of myelination in the Corpus callosum. Id2 immunostaining decreased slightly, but still remained high at P90. Subcellular localization of Id2 changed from presence in cytoplasm at P14 to the nuclei at P42. Moreover, Id2 was mainly co-localized with CC-1-immunopositive mature oligodendrocytes at P42. These results may be consistent with Id2 inhibitory function in oligodendrocyte differentiation, at the end of myelination or in compaction of myelin in the Corpus callosum of postnatal rat brain.
Collapse
|
40
|
Annibali D, Gioia U, Savino M, Laneve P, Caffarelli E, Nasi S. A new module in neural differentiation control: two microRNAs upregulated by retinoic acid, miR-9 and -103, target the differentiation inhibitor ID2. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40269. [PMID: 22848373 PMCID: PMC3405103 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Accepted: 06/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor ID2 is an important repressor of neural differentiation strongly implicated in nervous system cancers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly involved in differentiation control and cancer development. Here we show that two miRNAs upregulated on differentiation of neuroblastoma cells – miR-9 and miR-103 – restrain ID2 expression by directly targeting the coding sequence and 3′ untranslated region of the ID2 encoding messenger RNA, respectively. Notably, the two miRNAs show an inverse correlation with ID2 during neuroblastoma cell differentiation induced by retinoic acid. Overexpression of miR-9 and miR-103 in neuroblastoma cells reduces proliferation and promotes differentiation, as it was shown to occur upon ID2 inhibition. Conversely, an ID2 mutant that cannot be targeted by either miRNA prevents retinoic acid-induced differentiation more efficient than wild-type ID2. These findings reveal a new regulatory module involving two microRNAs upregulated during neural differentiation that directly target expression of the key differentiation inhibitor ID2, suggesting that its alteration may be involved in neural cancer development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Annibali
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari (CNR-IBPM), Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università Sapienza, Roma, Italia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ito J, Hashimoto T, Nakamura S, Aita Y, Yamazaki T, Schlegel W, Takimoto K, Maturana AD. Splicing transitions of the anchoring protein ENH during striated muscle development. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 421:232-8. [PMID: 22497889 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.03.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The ENH (PDLIM5) protein acts as a scaffold to tether various functional proteins at subcellular sites via PDZ and three LIM domains. Splicing of the ENH primary transcript generates various products with different repertories of protein interaction modules. Three LIM-containing ENH predominates in neonatal cardiac tissue, whereas LIM-less ENHs are abundant in adult hearts, as well as skeletal muscles. Here we examine the timing of splicing transitions of ENH gene products during postnatal heart development and C2C12 myoblast differentiation. Real-time PCR analysis shows that LIM-containing ENH1 mRNA is gradually decreased during postnatal heart development, whereas transcripts with the short exon 5 appear in the late postnatal period and continues to increase until at least one month after birth. The splicing transition from LIM-containing ENH1 to LIM-less ENHs is also observed during the early period of C2C12 differentiation. This transition correlates with the emergence of ENH transcripts with the short exon 5, as well as the expression of myogenin mRNA. In contrast, the shift from the short exon 5 to the exon 7 occurs in the late differentiation period. The timing of this late event corresponds to the appearance of mRNA for the skeletal myosin heavy chain MYH4. Thus, coordinated and stepwise splicing transitions result in the production of specific ENH transcripts in mature striated muscles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jumpei Ito
- Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Penas C, Ramachandran V, Ayad NG. The APC/C Ubiquitin Ligase: From Cell Biology to Tumorigenesis. Front Oncol 2012; 1:60. [PMID: 22655255 PMCID: PMC3356048 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2011.00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is required for normal cell proliferation, vertebrate development, and cancer cell transformation. The UPS consists of multiple proteins that work in concert to target a protein for degradation via the 26S proteasome. Chains of an 8.5-kDa protein called ubiquitin are attached to substrates, thus allowing recognition by the 26S proteasome. Enzymes called ubiquitin ligases or E3s mediate specific attachment to substrates. Although there are over 600 different ubiquitin ligases, the Skp1-Cullin-F-box (SCF) complexes and the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) are the most studied. SCF involvement in cancer has been known for some time while APC/C's cancer role has recently emerged. In this review we will discuss the importance of APC/C to normal cell proliferation and development, underscoring its possible contribution to transformation. We will also examine the hypothesis that modulating a specific interaction of the APC/C may be therapeutically attractive in specific cancer subtypes. Finally, given that the APC/C pathway is relatively new as a cancer target, therapeutic interventions affecting APC/C activity may be beneficial in cancers that are resistant to classical chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Penas
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami, FL, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Survival and differentiation of mammary epithelial cells in mammary gland development require nuclear retention of Id2 due to RANK signaling. Mol Cell Biol 2011; 31:4775-88. [PMID: 21947283 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.05646-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
RANKL plays an essential role in mammary gland development during pregnancy. However, the molecular mechanism by which RANK signaling leads to mammary gland development is largely unknown. We report here that RANKL stimulation induces phosphorylation of Id2 at serine 5, which leads to nuclear retention of Id2. In lactating Id2Tg; RANKL(-/-) mice, Id2 was not phosphorylated and was localized in the cytoplasm. In addition, in lactating Id2(S5A)Tg mice, Id2(S5A) (with serine 5 mutated to alanine) was exclusively localized in the cytoplasm of mammary epithelial cells (MECs), while endogenous Id2 was localized in the nucleus. Intriguingly, nuclear expression of Id2(S5A) rescued increased apoptosis and defective differentiation of MECs in RANKL(-/-) mice. Our results demonstrate that nuclear retention of Id2 due to RANK signaling plays a decisive role in the survival and differentiation of MECs during mammary gland development.
Collapse
|
44
|
LIM domains regulate protein kinase C activity: a novel molecular function. Cell Signal 2011; 23:928-34. [PMID: 21266195 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2011.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Enigma homolog protein 1 (ENH1) acts as a scaffold that selectively associates protein kinases and transcription factors with cytoskeletal elements. ENH1 comprises an N-terminal PDZ domain and three C-terminal LIM domains. Through the LIM domains ENH1 interacts with the N-terminal region of protein kinase C βI (PKCβI). Here, we show that when ENH1 is co-expressed, PKCβI is translocated from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane in the absence of any other stimulation. Moreover expression of ENH1 markedly increases PKCβI activity in the absence of PKC activators. A similar activation of PKCβI was observed with co-expression of Cypher1 or Enigma, but not other LIM proteins. The region including the three LIM domains of ENH1 (residues 415-591) appears to be sufficient for this PKCβI activation. Finally, interaction with ENH1 also increases the activity of PKCα and PKCγ, whereas it reduces PKCζ activity. These findings provide strong evidence that ENH1 activates conventional PKCs by directly binding through its LIM domains. Thus, LIM domains have a novel molecular function: the regulation of PKC activities in a PKC isoform-specific manner.
Collapse
|
45
|
Penella E, Sandoval J, Zaragozá R, García C, Viña JR, Torres L, García-Trevijano ER. Molecular mechanisms of Id2 down-regulation in rat liver after acetaminophen overdose. Protection by N-acetyl-L-cysteine. Free Radic Res 2011; 44:1044-53. [PMID: 20815767 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2010.498825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Id2 is a pleiotropic protein whose function depends on its expression levels. Id2-deficient cells show increased cell death. This study explored the molecular mechanisms for the modulation of Id2 expression elicited by GSH and oxidative stress in the liver of acetaminophen (APAP)-intoxicated rats. APAP-overdose induced GSH depletion, Id2 promoter hypoacetylation, RNApol-II released and, therefore, Id2 down-regulation. Id2 expression depends on c-Myc binding to its promoter. APAP-overdose decreased c-Myc content and binding to Id2 promoter. Reduction of c-Myc was not accompanied by decreased c-myc mRNA, suggesting a mechanism dependent on protein stability. Administration of N-acetyl-cysteine prior to APAP-overload prevented GSH depletion and c-Myc degradation. Consistently, c-Myc was recruited to Id2 promoter, histone-H3 was hyperacetylated, RNApol II was bound to Id2 coding region and Id2 repression prevented. The results suggest a novel transcriptional-dependent mechanism of Id2 regulation by GSH and oxidative stress induced by APAP-overdose through the indirect modulation of the proteasome pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Estela Penella
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Valencia / INCLIVA, Universidad de Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Cheng H, Kimura K, Peter AK, Cui L, Ouyang K, Shen T, Liu Y, Gu Y, Dalton ND, Evans SM, Knowlton KU, Peterson KL, Chen J. Loss of enigma homolog protein results in dilated cardiomyopathy. Circ Res 2010; 107:348-56. [PMID: 20538684 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.110.218735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The Z-line, alternatively termed the Z-band or Z-disc, is a highly ordered structure at the border between 2 sarcomeres. Enigma subfamily proteins (Enigma, Enigma homolog protein, and Cypher) of the PDZ-LIM domain protein family are Z-line proteins. Among the Enigma subfamily, Cypher has been demonstrated to play a pivotal role in the structure and function of striated muscle, whereas the role of Enigma homolog protein (ENH) in muscle remains largely unknown. OBJECTIVE We studied the role of Enigma homolog protein in the heart using global and cardiac-specific ENH knockout mouse models. METHODS AND RESULTS We identified new exons and splice isoforms for ENH in the mouse heart. Impaired cardiac contraction and dilated cardiomyopathy were observed in ENH null mice. Mice with cardiac specific ENH deletion developed a similar dilated cardiomyopathy. Like Cypher, ENH interacted with Calsarcin-1, another Z-line protein. Moreover, biochemical studies showed that ENH, Cypher short isoform and Calsarcin-1 are within the same protein complex at the Z-line. Cypher short isoform and Calsarcin-1 proteins are specifically downregulated in ENH null hearts. CONCLUSIONS We have identified an ENH-CypherS-Calsarcin protein complex at the Z-line. Ablation of ENH leads to destabilization of this protein complex and dilated cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongqiang Cheng
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, 92093, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Krcmery J, Camarata T, Kulisz A, Simon HG. Nucleocytoplasmic functions of the PDZ-LIM protein family: new insights into organ development. Bioessays 2010; 32:100-8. [PMID: 20091751 DOI: 10.1002/bies.200900148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Recent work on the PDZ-LIM protein family has revealed that it has important activities at the cellular level, mediating signals between the nucleus and the cytoskeleton, with significant impact on organ development. We review and integrate current knowledge about the PDZ-LIM protein family and propose a new functional role, sequestering nuclear factors in the cytoplasm. Characterized by their PDZ and LIM domains, the PDZ-LIM family is comprised of evolutionarily conserved proteins found throughout the animal kingdom, from worms to humans. Combining two functional domains in one protein, PDZ-LIM proteins have wide-ranging and multi-compartmental cell functions during development and homeostasis. In contrast, misregulation can lead to cancer formation and progression. New emerging roles include interactions with integrins, T-box transcription factors, and receptor tyrosine kinases. Facilitating the assembly of protein complexes, PDZ-LIM proteins can act as signal modulators, influence actin dynamics, regulate cell architecture, and control gene transcription.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Krcmery
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Children's Memorial Research Center, Chicago, IL 60614, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
|
49
|
Swiss VA, Casaccia P. Cell-context specific role of the E2F/Rb pathway in development and disease. Glia 2010; 58:377-90. [PMID: 19795505 DOI: 10.1002/glia.20933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Development of the central nervous system (CNS) requires the generation of neuronal and glial cell subtypes in appropriate numbers, and this demands the careful coordination of cell-cycle exit, survival, and differentiation. The E2F/Rb pathway is critical for cell-cycle regulation and also modulates survival and differentiation of distinct cell types in the developing and adult CNS. In this review, we first present the specific temporal patterns of expression of the E2F and Rb family members during CNS development and then discuss the genetic ablation of single or multiple members of these two families. Overall, the available data suggest a time-dependent and cell-context specific role of E2F and Rb family members in the developing and adult CNS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria A Swiss
- Department of Neuroscience and Genetics and Genomics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Yamazaki T, Wälchli S, Fujita T, Ryser S, Hoshijima M, Schlegel W, Kuroda S, Maturana AD. Splice variants of enigma homolog, differentially expressed during heart development, promote or prevent hypertrophy. Cardiovasc Res 2010; 86:374-82. [PMID: 20097676 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvq023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Proteins with a PDZ (for PSD-95, DLG, ZO-1) and one to three LIM (for Lin11, Isl-1, Mec-3) domains are scaffolding sarcomeric and cytoskeletal elements that form structured muscle fibres and provide for the link to intracellular signalling by selectively associating protein kinases, ion channels, and transcription factors with the mechanical stress-strain sensors. Enigma homolog (ENH) is a PDZ-LIM protein with four splice variants: ENH1 with an N-terminal PDZ domain and three C-terminal LIM domains and ENH2, ENH3, and ENH4 without LIM domains. We addressed the functional role of ENH alternative splicing. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied the expression of the four ENH isoforms in the heart during development and in a mouse model of heart hypertrophy. All four isoforms are expressed in the heart but the pattern of expression is clearly different between embryonic, neonatal, and adult stages. ENH1 appears as the embryonic isoform, whereas ENH2, ENH3, and ENH4 are predominant in adult heart. Moreover, alternative splicing of ENH was changed following induction of heart hypertrophy, producing an ENH isoform pattern similar to that of neonatal heart. Next, we tested a possible causal role of ENH1 and ENH4 in the development of cardiac hypertrophy. When overexpressed in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes, ENH1 promoted the expression of hypertrophy markers and increased cell volume, whereas, on the contrary, ENH4 overexpression prevented these changes. CONCLUSION Antagonistic splice variants of ENH may play a central role in the adaptive changes of the link between mechanical stress-sensing and signalling occurring during embryonic development and/or heart hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Yamazaki
- Fondation pour Recherches Médicales, Medical Faculty, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|