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Linear-in temperature resistivity from an isotropic Planckian scattering rate. Nature 2021; 595:667-672. [PMID: 34321673 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03697-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A variety of 'strange metals' exhibit resistivity that decreases linearly with temperature as the temperature decreases to zero1-3, in contrast to conventional metals where resistivity decreases quadratically with temperature. This linear-in-temperature resistivity has been attributed to charge carriers scattering at a rate given by ħ/τ = αkBT, where α is a constant of order unity, ħ is the Planck constant and kB is the Boltzmann constant. This simple relationship between the scattering rate and temperature is observed across a wide variety of materials, suggesting a fundamental upper limit on scattering-the 'Planckian limit'4,5-but little is known about the underlying origins of this limit. Here we report a measurement of the angle-dependent magnetoresistance of La1.6-xNd0.4SrxCuO4-a hole-doped cuprate that shows linear-in-temperature resistivity down to the lowest measured temperatures6. The angle-dependent magnetoresistance shows a well defined Fermi surface that agrees quantitatively with angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements7 and reveals a linear-in-temperature scattering rate that saturates at the Planckian limit, namely α = 1.2 ± 0.4. Remarkably, we find that this Planckian scattering rate is isotropic, that is, it is independent of direction, in contrast to expectations from 'hotspot' models8,9. Our findings suggest that linear-in-temperature resistivity in strange metals emerges from a momentum-independent inelastic scattering rate that reaches the Planckian limit.
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Chen SD, Hashimoto M, He Y, Song D, Xu KJ, He JF, Devereaux TP, Eisaki H, Lu DH, Zaanen J, Shen ZX. Incoherent strange metal sharply bounded by a critical doping in Bi2212. Science 2019; 366:1099-1102. [PMID: 31780552 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw8850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In normal metals, macroscopic properties are understood using the concept of quasiparticles. In the cuprate high-temperature superconductors, the metallic state above the highest transition temperature is anomalous and is known as the "strange metal." We studied this state using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. With increasing doping across a temperature-independent critical value p c ~ 0.19, we observed that near the Brillouin zone boundary, the strange metal, characterized by an incoherent spectral function, abruptly reconstructs into a more conventional metal with quasiparticles. Above the temperature of superconducting fluctuations, we found that the pseudogap also discontinuously collapses at the very same value of p c These observations suggest that the incoherent strange metal is a distinct state and a prerequisite for the pseudogap; such findings are incompatible with existing pseudogap quantum critical point scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Di Chen
- Departments of Applied Physics and Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Makoto Hashimoto
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Yu He
- Departments of Applied Physics and Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Dongjoon Song
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Ke-Jun Xu
- Departments of Applied Physics and Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jun-Feng He
- Departments of Applied Physics and Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Thomas P Devereaux
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Hiroshi Eisaki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Dong-Hui Lu
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Jan Zaanen
- Departments of Applied Physics and Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Institute Lorentz for Theoretical Physics, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Zhi-Xun Shen
- Departments of Applied Physics and Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. .,Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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Khan NA, Viana Parente Lopes JM, Santos Pires JP, Lopes Dos Santos JMB. Spectral functions of one-dimensional systems with correlated disorder. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2019; 31:175501. [PMID: 30703754 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab03ad] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the spectral function of Bloch states in a one-dimensional tight-binding non-interacting chain with two different models of static correlated disorder, at zero temperature. We report numerical calculations of the single-particle spectral function based on the Kernel polynomial method, which has an [Formula: see text] computational complexity. These results are then confirmed by analytical calculations, where precise conditions were obtained for the appearance of a classical limit in a single-band lattice system. Spatial correlations in the disordered potential give rise to non-perturbative spectral functions shaped as the probability distribution of the random on-site energies, even at low disorder strengths. In the case of disordered potentials with an algebraic power-spectrum, [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text], we show that the spectral function is not self-averaging for [Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Khan
- Centro de Física das Universidades do Minho e Porto, Departamento de Física e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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Varma CM. Quantum-critical fluctuations in 2D metals: strange metals and superconductivity in antiferromagnets and in cuprates. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2016; 79:082501. [PMID: 27411298 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/79/8/082501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The anomalous transport and thermodynamic properties in the quantum-critical region, in the cuprates, and in the quasi-two dimensional Fe-based superconductors and heavy-fermion compounds, have the same temperature dependences. This can occur only if, despite their vast microscopic differences, a common statistical mechanical model describes their phase transitions. The antiferromagnetic (AFM)-ic models for the latter two, just as the loop-current model for the cuprates, map to the dissipative XY model. The solution of this model in (2+1)D reveals that the critical fluctuations are determined by topological excitations, vortices and a variety of instantons, and not by renormalized spin-wave theories of the Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson type, adapted by Moriya, Hertz and others for quantum-criticality. The absorptive part of the fluctuations is a separable function of momentum [Formula: see text], measured from the ordering vector, and of the frequency ω and the temperature T which scale as [Formula: see text] at criticality. Direct measurements of the fluctuations by neutron scattering in the quasi-two-dimensional heavy fermion and Fe-based compounds, near their antiferromagnetic quantum critical point, are consistent with this form. Such fluctuations, together with the vertex coupling them to fermions, lead to a marginal fermi-liquid, with the imaginary part of the self-energy [Formula: see text] for all momenta, a resistivity [Formula: see text], a [Formula: see text] contribution to the specific heat, and other singular fermi-liquid properties common to these diverse compounds, as well as to d-wave superconductivity. This is explicitly verified, in the cuprates, by analysis of the pairing and the normal self-energy directly extracted from the recent high resolution angle resolved photoemission measurements. This reveals, in agreement with the theory, that the frequency dependence of the attractive irreducible particle-particle vertex in the d-wave channel is the same as the irreducible particle-hole vertex in the full symmetry of the lattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra M Varma
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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5
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Bok JM, Bae JJ, Choi HY, Varma CM, Zhang W, He J, Zhang Y, Yu L, Zhou XJ. Quantitative determination of pairing interactions for high-temperature superconductivity in cuprates. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2016; 2:e1501329. [PMID: 26973872 PMCID: PMC4783123 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1501329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A profound problem in modern condensed matter physics is discovering and understanding the nature of fluctuations and their coupling to fermions in cuprates, which lead to high-temperature superconductivity and the invariably associated strange metal state. We report the quantitative determination of normal and pairing self-energies, made possible by laser-based angle-resolved photoemission measurements of unprecedented accuracy and stability. Through a precise inversion procedure, both the effective interactions in the attractive d-wave symmetry and the repulsive part in the full symmetry are determined. The latter is nearly angle-independent. Near T c, both interactions are nearly independent of frequency and have almost the same magnitude over the complete energy range of up to about 0.4 eV, except for a low-energy feature at around 50 meV that is present only in the repulsive part, which has less than 10% of the total spectral weight. Well below T c, they both change similarly, with superconductivity-induced features at low energies. Besides finding the pairing self-energy and the attractive interactions for the first time, these results expose the central paradox of the problem of high T c: how the same frequency-independent fluctuations can dominantly scatter at angles ±π/2 in the attractive channel to give d-wave pairing and lead to angle-independent repulsive scattering. The experimental results are compared with available theoretical calculations based on antiferromagnetic fluctuations, the Hubbard model, and quantum-critical fluctuations of the loop-current order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Mo Bok
- Department of Physics and Institute for Basic Science Research, SungKyunKwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
- National Laboratory for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jong Ju Bae
- Department of Physics and Institute for Basic Science Research, SungKyunKwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Han-Yong Choi
- Department of Physics and Institute for Basic Science Research, SungKyunKwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
- Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Chandra M. Varma
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Wentao Zhang
- National Laboratory for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Junfeng He
- National Laboratory for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yuxiao Zhang
- National Laboratory for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Li Yu
- National Laboratory for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - X. J. Zhou
- National Laboratory for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
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Hong SH, Bok JM, Zhang W, He J, Zhou XJ, Varma CM, Choi HY. Sharp low-energy feature in single-particle spectra due to forward scattering in d-wave cuprate superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:057001. [PMID: 25126930 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.057001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
There is an enormous interest in the renormalization of the quasiparticle (qp) dispersion relation of cuprate superconductors both below and above the critical temperature T_{c} because it enables the determination of the fluctuation spectrum to which the qp's are coupled. A remarkable discovery by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is a sharp low-energy feature (LEF) in qp spectra well below the superconducting energy gap but with its energy increasing in proportion to T_{c} and its intensity increasing sharply below T_{c}. This unexpected feature needs to be reconciled with d-wave superconductivity. Here, we present a quantitative analysis of ARPES data from Bi_{2}Sr_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{8+δ} (Bi2212) using Eliashberg equations to show that the qp scattering rate due to the forward scattering impurities far from the Cu-O planes is modified by the energy gap below T_{c} and shows up as the LEF. This is also a necessary step to analyze ARPES data to reveal the spectrum of fluctuations promoting superconductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hwan Hong
- Department of Physics and Institute for Basic Science Research, SungKyunKwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Jin Mo Bok
- Department of Physics and Institute for Basic Science Research, SungKyunKwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Wentao Zhang
- National Laboratory for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Junfeng He
- National Laboratory for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - X J Zhou
- National Laboratory for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - C M Varma
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Han-Yong Choi
- Department of Physics and Institute for Basic Science Research, SungKyunKwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea and Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics, Pohang 790-784, Korea
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7
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Anisotropic breakdown of Fermi liquid quasiparticle excitations in overdoped La₂-xSrxCuO₄. Nat Commun 2014; 4:2559. [PMID: 24096628 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
High-temperature superconductivity emerges from an un-conventional metallic state. This has stimulated strong efforts to understand exactly how Fermi liquids breakdown and evolve into an un-conventional metal. A fundamental question is how Fermi liquid quasiparticle excitations break down in momentum space. Here we show, using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, that the Fermi liquid quasiparticle excitations of the overdoped superconducting cuprate La1.77Sr0.23CuO4 is highly anisotropic in momentum space. The quasiparticle scattering and residue behave differently along the Fermi surface and hence the Kadowaki-Wood's relation is not obeyed. This kind of Fermi liquid breakdown may apply to a wide range of strongly correlated metal systems where spin fluctuations are present.
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8
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Reber TJ, Plumb NC, Waugh JA, Dessau DS. Effects, determination, and correction of count rate nonlinearity in multi-channel analog electron detectors. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:043907. [PMID: 24784626 DOI: 10.1063/1.4870283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Detector counting rate nonlinearity, though a known problem, is commonly ignored in the analysis of angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy where modern multichannel electron detection schemes using analog intensity scales are used. We focus on a nearly ubiquitous "inverse saturation" nonlinearity that makes the spectra falsely sharp and beautiful. These artificially enhanced spectra limit accurate quantitative analysis of the data, leading to mistaken spectral weights, Fermi energies, and peak widths. We present a method to rapidly detect and correct for this nonlinearity. This algorithm could be applicable for a wide range of nonlinear systems, beyond photoemission spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Reber
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0390, USA
| | - N C Plumb
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0390, USA
| | - J A Waugh
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0390, USA
| | - D S Dessau
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0390, USA
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9
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Varma CM. Considerations on the mechanisms and transition temperatures of superconductivity induced by electronic fluctuations. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2012; 75:052501. [PMID: 22790584 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/75/5/052501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
An overview of the momentum and frequency dependence of effective electron-electron interactions which favor electronic instability to a superconducting state in the angular-momentum channel ℓ and the properties of the interactions which determine the magnitude of the temperature T(c) of the instability is provided. Interactions induced through exchange of electronic fluctuations of spin density, charge density or current density are considered. Special attention is paid to the role of quantum-critical fluctuations (QCFs) including pairing due to their virtual exchange as well as de-pairing due to inelastic scattering. Additional insight is gained by reviewing empirical data and theory specific to superfluidity in liquid He(3), superconductivity in some of the heavy-fermion compounds, in cuprates, in pncitides and the valence skipping compound. The physical basis for the following observation is provided: the ratio of the maximum T(c) to the typical phonon frequency in phonon induced s-wave superconductivity is O(10(-1)); the ratio of p-wave T(c) to the renormalized Fermi energy in liquid He(3), a very strongly correlated Fermi liquid near its melting pressure, is only O(10(-3)); in the cuprates and the heavy fermions where d-wave superconductivity occurs in a region governed by QCFs, this ratio rises to O(10(-2)). These discussions also suggest factors important for obtaining higher T(c). Experiments and theoretical investigations are suggested to clarify the many unresolved issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Varma
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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10
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Gweon GH, Shastry BS, Gu GD. Extremely correlated Fermi-liquid description of normal-state ARPES in cuprates. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:056404. [PMID: 21867084 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.056404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The normal-state single particle spectral function of the high temperature superconducting cuprates, measured by the angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES), has been considered both anomalous and crucial to understand. Here, we report an unprecedented success of the new extremely correlated Fermi liquid theory by one of us [B. S. Shastry, Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 056403 (2011)] to describe both laser and conventional synchrotron ARPES data (nodal cut at optimal doping) on Bi(2)Sr(2)CaCu(2)O(8+δ) and synchrotron data on La(1.85)Sr(0.15)CuO(4). It fits all data sets with the same physical parameter values, satisfies the particle sum rule and successfully addresses two widely discussed kink anomalies in the dispersion.
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Affiliation(s)
- G-H Gweon
- Physics Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA.
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Faulkner T, Iqbal N, Liu H, McGreevy J, Vegh D. Strange Metal Transport Realized by Gauge/Gravity Duality. Science 2010; 329:1043-7. [PMID: 20688983 DOI: 10.1126/science.1189134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Faulkner
- Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Nabil Iqbal
- Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Hong Liu
- Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - John McGreevy
- Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - David Vegh
- Simons Center for Geometry and Physics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794–3636, USA
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Wilson JA. Elucidation of the origins of transport behaviour and quantum oscillations in high temperature superconducting cuprates. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2009; 21:245702. [PMID: 21693954 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/21/24/245702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A detailed exposition is given of recent transport and 'quantum oscillation' results from high temperature superconducting (HTSC) systems covering the full carrier range from overdoped to underdoped material. This now very extensive and high quality data set is here interpreted within the framework developed by the author of local pairs and boson-fermion resonance, arising in the context of negative- U behaviour within an inhomogeneous electronic environment. The strong inhomogeneity comes with the mixed-valence condition of these materials, which when underdoped lie in close proximity to the Mott-Anderson transition. The observed intense scattering is presented as resulting from pair formation and from electron-boson collisions in the resonant crossover circumstance. The high level of scattering carries the systems to incoherence in the pseudogapped state, p<p(c)(= 0.183). In a high magnetic field the striped partition of the inhomogeneous charge distribution becomes much strengthened and regularized. Magnetization and resistance oscillations, of period dictated by the favoured positioning of the fluxon array within the real space environment of the diagonal 2D charge striping array, are demonstrated to be responsible for the recently reported behaviour hitherto widely attributed to the quantum oscillation response of a much more standard Fermi liquid condition. A detailed analysis embracing all the experimental data serves to reveal that in the given conditions of very high field, low temperature, 2D-striped, underdoped, d-wave superconducting, HTSC material the flux quantum becomes doubled to h/e.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Wilson
- H H Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, UK
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Zhu L, Aji V, Shekhter A, Varma CM. Universality of single-particle spectra of cuprate superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 100:057001. [PMID: 18352416 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.057001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
All the available data for the dispersion and linewidth of the single-particle spectra above the superconducting gap and the pseudogap in metallic cuprates for any doping have universal features. The linewidth is linear in energy below a scale omega(c) and constant above. The cusp in the linewidth at omega(c) mandates, due to causality, a waterfall, i.e., a vertical feature in the dispersion. These features are predicted by a recent microscopic theory. We find that all data can be quantitatively fitted by the theory with a coupling constant lambda(0) and an upper cutoff at omega(c), which vary by less than 50% among the different cuprates and for varying dopings. The microscopic theory also gives these values to within factors of O(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Zhu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
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Nunner TS, Andersen BM, Melikyan A, Hirschfeld PJ. Dopant-modulated pair interaction in cuprate superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:177003. [PMID: 16383859 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.177003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A comparison of recent experimental STM data with single-impurity and many-impurity Bogoliubov-de Gennes calculations strongly suggests that random out-of-plane dopant atoms in cuprates modulate the pair interaction locally. This type of disorder is crucial to understanding the nanoscale electronic inhomogeneity observed in BSCCO-2212, and can reproduce observed correlations between the positions of impurity atoms and various aspects of the local density of states such as the gap magnitude and the height of the coherence peaks. Our results imply that each dopant atom modulates the pair interaction on a length scale of order one lattice constant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara S Nunner
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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15
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Sahrakorpi S, Lindroos M, Markiewicz RS, Bansil A. Evolution of midgap states and residual three dimensionality in La2-xSrxCuO4. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:157601. [PMID: 16241761 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.157601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We carry out extensive first-principles doping-dependent computations of angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) intensities in La2-xSrxCuO4 over a wide range of binding energies. Intercell hopping and the associated three dimensionality, which is usually neglected in discussing cuprate physics, is shown to play a key role in shaping the ARPES spectra. Despite the obvious importance of strong coupling effects (e.g., the presence of a lower Hubbard band coexisting with midgap states in the doped insulator), a number of salient features of the experimental ARPES spectra are captured to a surprising extent when kz dispersion is properly included in the analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sahrakorpi
- Physics Department, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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16
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Phillips P, Chamon C. Breakdown of one-parameter scaling in quantum critical scenarios for high-temperature copper-oxide superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:107002. [PMID: 16196953 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.107002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2004] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We show that if the excitations which become gapless at a quantum critical point also carry the electrical current, then a resistivity linear in temperature, as is observed in the copper-oxide high-temperature superconductors, obtains only if the dynamical exponent z satisfies the unphysical constraint, z < 0. At fault here is the universal scaling hypothesis that, at a continuous phase transition, the only relevant length scale is the correlation length. Consequently, either the electrical current in the normal state of the cuprates is carried by degrees of freedom which do not undergo a quantum phase transition, or quantum critical scenarios must forgo this basic scaling hypothesis and demand that more than a single-correlation length scale is necessary to model transport in the cuprates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Phillips
- Loomis Laboratory of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 61801-3080, USA
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17
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Vekhter I, Varma CM. Proposal to determine the spectrum of pairing glue in high-temperature superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 90:237003. [PMID: 12857282 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.90.237003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We propose a method for an analysis of the angle-resolved photoemission data in two-dimensional anisotropic superconductors which directly yields the spectral function of the bosons mediating Cooper pairing. The method includes a self-consistency check for the validity of the approximations made in the analysis. We explicitly describe the experimental data needed for implementing the proposed procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Vekhter
- Theoretical Division, MS B262, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
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Johnson PD, Valla T, Fedorov AV, Yusof Z, Wells BO, Li Q, Moodenbaugh AR, Gu GD, Koshizuka N, Kendziora C, Jian S, Hinks DG. Doping and temperature dependence of the mass enhancement observed in the cuprate Bi(2)Sr(2)CaCu(2)O(8+delta). PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 87:177007. [PMID: 11690300 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.177007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution photoemission is used to study the electronic structure of the cuprate superconductor, Bi(2)Sr(2)CaCu(2)O(8+delta), as a function of hole doping and temperature. A kink observed in the band dispersion in the nodal line in the superconducting state is associated with coupling to a resonant mode observed in neutron scattering. From the measured real part of the self-energy it is possible to extract a coupling constant which is largest in the underdoped regime, then decreasing continuously into the overdoped regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- P D Johnson
- Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
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Varma CM, Abrahams E. Effective Lorentz force due to small-sngle impurity scattering: magnetotransport in high- Tc superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 86:4652-4655. [PMID: 11384306 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.4652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We show that a scattering rate which varies with angle around the Fermi surface has the same effect as a periodic Lorentz force on magnetotransport coefficients. This effect, together with the marginal Fermi liquid inelastic scattering rate, gives a quantitative explanation of the temperature dependence and the magnitude of the observed Hall effect and magnetoresistance with just the measured zero-field resistivity as input.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Varma
- Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974, USA
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Valla T, Fedorov AV, Johnson PD, Li Q, Gu GD, Koshizuka N. Temperature dependent scattering rates at the fermi surface of optimally doped Bi(2)Sr(2)CaCu(2)O(8+delta). PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 85:828-831. [PMID: 10991409 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
For optimally doped Bi(2)Sr(2)CaCu(2)O(8+delta), scattering rates in the normal state are found to have a linear temperature dependence over most of the Fermi surface. In the immediate vicinity of the (pi, 0) point, the scattering rates are nearly constant in the normal state, consistent with models in which scattering at this point determines the c-axis transport. In the superconducting state, the scattering rates away from the nodal direction appear to level off and become temperature independent.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Valla
- Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
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