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Sen S, Mitchell AK. Many-Body Quantum Interference Route to the Two-Channel Kondo Effect: Inverse Design for Molecular Junctions and Quantum Dot Devices. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 133:076501. [PMID: 39213568 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.076501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Molecular junctions-whether actual single molecules in nanowire break junctions or artificial molecules realized in coupled quantum dot devices-offer unique functionality due to their orbital complexity, strong electron interactions, gate control, and many-body effects from hybridization with the external electronic circuit. Inverse design involves finding candidate structures that perform a desired function optimally. Here we develop an inverse design strategy for generalized quantum impurity models describing molecular junctions, and as an example, use it to demonstrate that many-body quantum interference can be leveraged to realize the two-channel Kondo critical point in simple 4- or 5-site molecular moieties. We show that remarkably high Kondo temperatures can be achieved, meaning that entropy and transport signatures should be experimentally accessible.
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2
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Li L, Prindle CR, Shi W, Nuckolls C, Venkataraman L. Radical Single-Molecule Junctions. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:18182-18204. [PMID: 37555594 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Radicals are unique molecular systems for applications in electronic devices due to their open-shell electronic structures. Radicals can function as good electrical conductors and switches in molecular circuits while also holding great promise in the field of molecular spintronics. However, it is both challenging to create stable, persistent radicals and to understand their properties in molecular junctions. The goal of this Perspective is to address this dual challenge by providing design principles for the synthesis of stable radicals relevant to molecular junctions, as well as offering current insight into the electronic properties of radicals in single-molecule devices. By exploring both the chemical and physical properties of established radical systems, we will facilitate increased exploration and development of radical-based molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Claudia R Prindle
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Wanzhuo Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Colin Nuckolls
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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3
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Lunghi A, Sanvito S. Computational design of magnetic molecules and their environment using quantum chemistry, machine learning and multiscale simulations. Nat Rev Chem 2022; 6:761-781. [PMID: 37118096 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-022-00424-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Having served as a playground for fundamental studies on the physics of d and f electrons for almost a century, magnetic molecules are now becoming increasingly important for technological applications, such as magnetic resonance, data storage, spintronics and quantum information. All of these applications require the preservation and control of spins in time, an ability hampered by the interaction with the environment, namely with other spins, conduction electrons, molecular vibrations and electromagnetic fields. Thus, the design of a novel magnetic molecule with tailored properties is a formidable task, which does not only concern its electronic structures but also calls for a deep understanding of the interaction among all the degrees of freedom at play. This Review describes how state-of-the-art ab initio computational methods, combined with data-driven approaches to materials modelling, can be integrated into a fully multiscale strategy capable of defining design rules for magnetic molecules.
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4
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Zhou WH, Zhang J, Nan N, Li W, He ZD, Zhu ZW, Wu YP, Xiong YC. Correlation anisotropy driven Kosterlitz-Thouless-type quantum phase transition in a Kondo simulator. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:20040-20049. [PMID: 35833449 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01668k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The precise manipulation of the quantum states of individual atoms/molecules adsorbed on metal surfaces is one of the most exciting frontiers in nanophysics, enabling us to realize novel single molecular logic devices and quantum information processing. Herein, by modeling an iron phthalocyanine molecule adsorbed on the Au(111) surface with a two-impurity Anderson model, we demonstrate that the quantum states of such a system could be adjusted by the uniaxial magnetic anisotropy Dz. For negative Dz, the ground state is dominated by a parallel configuration of the z component of local spins, whereas it turns to be an antiparallel one when Dz becomes positive. Interestingly, we found that these two phases are separated by a Kosterlitz-Thouless-type quantum phase transition, which is confirmed by the critical behaviors of the transmission coefficient and the local magnetic moment. Both phases are associated with spin correlation anisotropy, thus move against the Kondo effect. When the external magnetic field is applied, it first plays a role in compensating for the effect of Dz, and then it contributes significantly to the Zeeman effect for positive Dz, accompanied by the reappearance and the splitting of the Kondo peak, respectively. For fixed negative Dz, only the Zeeman behavior is revealed. Our results provide deep insights into the manipulation of the quantum phase within a single molecular junction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Huai Zhou
- School of Mathematics, Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Technology, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan, Hubei, P. R. China. .,Shiyan Industrial Technology Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Engineering, Shiyan 442002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Mathematics, Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Technology, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan, Hubei, P. R. China. .,Shiyan Industrial Technology Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Engineering, Shiyan 442002, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Nan
- School of Mathematics, Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Technology, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan, Hubei, P. R. China. .,Shiyan Industrial Technology Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Engineering, Shiyan 442002, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Mathematics, Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Technology, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan, Hubei, P. R. China. .,Shiyan Industrial Technology Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Engineering, Shiyan 442002, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Dong He
- School of Mathematics, Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Technology, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan, Hubei, P. R. China.
| | - Zhan-Wu Zhu
- School of Mathematics, Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Technology, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan, Hubei, P. R. China.
| | - Yun-Pei Wu
- School of Mathematics, Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Technology, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan, Hubei, P. R. China.
| | - Yong-Chen Xiong
- School of Mathematics, Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Technology, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan, Hubei, P. R. China. .,Shiyan Industrial Technology Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Engineering, Shiyan 442002, People's Republic of China
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5
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Liu W, Huang L, Hu J, Xing X. Various Bond Interactions between NO and Anionic Gold Clusters: A Theoretical Calculation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:13641-13650. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05213f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We studied the electronic and geometrical structures of AunNO- (n = 1-20) using the B3LYP method with relatively large basis sets to understand the size dependent reactivities of Aun- with...
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6
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Farinacci L, Ahmadi G, Ruby M, Reecht G, Heinrich BW, Czekelius C, von Oppen F, Franke KJ. Interfering Tunneling Paths through Magnetic Molecules on Superconductors: Asymmetries of Kondo and Yu-Shiba-Rusinov Resonances. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:256805. [PMID: 33416394 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.256805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic adsorbates on superconductors induce a Kondo resonance outside and Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) bound states inside the superconducting energy gap. When probed by scanning tunneling spectroscopy, the associated differential-conductance spectra frequently exhibit characteristic bias-voltage asymmetries. Here, we observe correlated variations of Kondo and YSR asymmetries across an Fe-porphyrin molecule adsorbed on Pb(111). We show that both asymmetries originate in interfering tunneling paths via a spin-carrying orbital and the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO). Strong evidence for this model comes from nodal planes of the HOMO, where tunneling reveals symmetric Kondo and YSR resonances. Our results establish an important mechanism for the asymmetries of Kondo and YSR line shapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laëtitia Farinacci
- Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gelavizh Ahmadi
- Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Ruby
- Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gaël Reecht
- Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin W Heinrich
- Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Constantin Czekelius
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Felix von Oppen
- Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems and Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina J Franke
- Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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7
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Manipulation of Molecular Spin State on Surfaces Studied by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10122393. [PMID: 33266045 PMCID: PMC7761235 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The adsorbed magnetic molecules with tunable spin states have drawn wide attention for their immense potential in the emerging fields of molecular spintronics and quantum computing. One of the key issues toward their application is the efficient controlling of their spin state. This review briefly summarizes the recent progress in the field of molecular spin state manipulation on surfaces. We focus on the molecular spins originated from the unpaired electrons of which the Kondo effect and spin excitation can be detected by scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM and STS). Studies of the molecular spin-carriers in three categories are overviewed, i.e., the ones solely composed of main group elements, the ones comprising 3d-metals, and the ones comprising 4f-metals. Several frequently used strategies for tuning molecular spin state are exemplified, including chemical reactions, reversible atomic/molecular chemisorption, and STM-tip manipulations. The summary of the successful case studies of molecular spin state manipulation may not only facilitate the fundamental understanding of molecular magnetism and spintronics but also inspire the design of the molecule-based spintronic devices and materials.
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8
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Patera LL, Sokolov S, Low JZ, Campos LM, Venkataraman L, Repp J. Resolving the Unpaired‐Electron Orbital Distribution in a Stable Organic Radical by Kondo Resonance Mapping. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:11063-11067. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laerte L. Patera
- Institute of Experimental and Applied PhysicsUniversity of Regensburg 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Sophia Sokolov
- Institute of Experimental and Applied PhysicsUniversity of Regensburg 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Jonathan Z. Low
- Department of ChemistryColumbia University New York NY 10027 USA
| | - Luis M. Campos
- Department of ChemistryColumbia University New York NY 10027 USA
| | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department of ChemistryColumbia University New York NY 10027 USA
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied MathematicsColumbia University New York NY 10027 USA
| | - Jascha Repp
- Institute of Experimental and Applied PhysicsUniversity of Regensburg 93053 Regensburg Germany
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9
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Patera LL, Sokolov S, Low JZ, Campos LM, Venkataraman L, Repp J. Abbildung des Orbitals des ungepaarten Elektrons in einem stabilen, organischen Radikal anhand seiner Kondo‐Resonanz. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laerte L. Patera
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte PhysikUniversität Regensburg 93053 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Sophia Sokolov
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte PhysikUniversität Regensburg 93053 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Jonathan Z. Low
- Department of ChemistryColumbia University New York NY 10027 USA
| | - Luis M. Campos
- Department of ChemistryColumbia University New York NY 10027 USA
| | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department of ChemistryColumbia University New York NY 10027 USA
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied MathematicsColumbia University New York NY 10027 USA
| | - Jascha Repp
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte PhysikUniversität Regensburg 93053 Regensburg Deutschland
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10
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Bocquet M, Lorente N, Berndt R, Gruber M. Spin in a Closed‐Shell Organic Molecule on a Metal Substrate Generated by a Sigmatropic Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:821-824. [PMID: 30422385 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie‐Laure Bocquet
- PASTEURDépartement de chimieÉcole normale supérieurePSL UniversitySorbonne UniversitéCNRS 75005 Paris France
| | - Nicolas Lorente
- Centro de Fısica de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU) Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian Spain
| | - Richard Berndt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte PhysikChristian-Albrechts-Universität 24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Manuel Gruber
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte PhysikChristian-Albrechts-Universität 24098 Kiel Germany
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11
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Bocquet M, Lorente N, Berndt R, Gruber M. Spin in a Closed‐Shell Organic Molecule on a Metal Substrate Generated by a Sigmatropic Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie‐Laure Bocquet
- PASTEURDépartement de chimieÉcole normale supérieurePSL UniversitySorbonne UniversitéCNRS 75005 Paris France
| | - Nicolas Lorente
- Centro de Fısica de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU) Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian Spain
| | - Richard Berndt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte PhysikChristian-Albrechts-Universität 24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Manuel Gruber
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte PhysikChristian-Albrechts-Universität 24098 Kiel Germany
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12
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Appelt WH, Droghetti A, Chioncel L, Radonjić MM, Muñoz E, Kirchner S, Vollhardt D, Rungger I. Predicting the conductance of strongly correlated molecules: the Kondo effect in perchlorotriphenylmethyl/Au junctions. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:17738-17750. [PMID: 30211420 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr03991g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Stable organic radicals integrated into molecular junctions represent a practical realization of the single-orbital Anderson impurity model. Motivated by recent experiments for perchlorotriphenylmethyl (PTM) molecules contacted to gold electrodes, we develop a method that combines density functional theory (DFT), quantum transport theory, numerical renormalization group (NRG) calculations and renormalized super-perturbation theory (rSPT) to compute both equilibrium and non-equilibrium properties of strongly correlated nanoscale systems at low temperatures effectively from first principles. We determine the possible atomic structures of the interfaces between the molecule and the electrodes, which allow us to estimate the Kondo temperature and the characteristic transport properties, which compare well with experiments. By using the non-equilibrium rSPT results we assess the range of validity of equilibrium DFT + NRG-based transmission calculations for the evaluation of the finite voltage conductance. The results demonstrate that our method can provide qualitative insights into the properties of molecular junctions when the molecule-metal contacts are amorphous or generally ill-defined, and that it can further give a fully quantitative description when the experimental contact structures are well characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Appelt
- Theoretical Physics II, Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, D-86135 Augsburg, Germany
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13
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Shiotari A, Odani T, Sugimoto Y. Torque-Induced Change in Configuration of a Single NO Molecule on Cu(110). PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:116101. [PMID: 30265092 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.116101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrated that a nitric oxide (NO) molecule on Cu(110) acts as an "ON-OFF-ON toggle switch" that can be turned on and off by repulsive force and electron injection, respectively. On the surface, NO molecules exist in three configurations: flat along the [001] direction (ON), upright (OFF), and flat along [001[over ¯]] (ON). An NO-functionalized tip, which was characterized by scanning tunneling microscopy and inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy, can convert an upright NO adsorbate into a flat-lying NO. Atomic force microscopy and a simulation of the interactions between the NO molecules reveal that a repulsive force not aligned with the N-O bond provides the torque that detrudes the NO toggle; i.e., the upright NO adsorbate is tilted away from the tip. Therefore, the NO adsorbate behaves as a nonvolatile sensor for the detection of locally applied repulsive torque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akitoshi Shiotari
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
| | - Takafumi Odani
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Sugimoto
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
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14
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Liu J, Zhao X, Al-Galiby Q, Huang X, Zheng J, Li R, Huang C, Yang Y, Shi J, Manrique DZ, Lambert CJ, Bryce MR, Hong W. Radical-Enhanced Charge Transport in Single-Molecule Phenothiazine Electrical Junctions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xiaotao Zhao
- Department of Chemistry; Durham University; Durham DH1 3LE UK
| | - Qusiy Al-Galiby
- Department of Physics; Lancaster University; Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
- Department of Physics; College of Education; University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah; Diwaniya city 58002 Iraq
| | - Xiaoyan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jueting Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Ruihao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Cancan Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jia Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - David Zsolt Manrique
- Department of Physics; Lancaster University; Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
- Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering; University College London; Torrington Place London WC1E 7JE UK
| | - Colin J. Lambert
- Department of Physics; Lancaster University; Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
| | - Martin R. Bryce
- Department of Chemistry; Durham University; Durham DH1 3LE UK
| | - Wenjing Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
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15
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Liu J, Zhao X, Al-Galiby Q, Huang X, Zheng J, Li R, Huang C, Yang Y, Shi J, Manrique DZ, Lambert CJ, Bryce MR, Hong W. Radical-Enhanced Charge Transport in Single-Molecule Phenothiazine Electrical Junctions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:13061-13065. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xiaotao Zhao
- Department of Chemistry; Durham University; Durham DH1 3LE UK
| | - Qusiy Al-Galiby
- Department of Physics; Lancaster University; Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
- Department of Physics; College of Education; University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah; Diwaniya city 58002 Iraq
| | - Xiaoyan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jueting Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Ruihao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Cancan Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jia Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - David Zsolt Manrique
- Department of Physics; Lancaster University; Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
- Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering; University College London; Torrington Place London WC1E 7JE UK
| | - Colin J. Lambert
- Department of Physics; Lancaster University; Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
| | - Martin R. Bryce
- Department of Chemistry; Durham University; Durham DH1 3LE UK
| | - Wenjing Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
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16
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Hong IP, Li N, Zhang YJ, Wang H, Song HJ, Bai ML, Zhou X, Li JL, Gu GC, Zhang X, Chen M, Gottfried JM, Wang D, Lü JT, Peng LM, Hou SM, Berndt R, Wu K, Wang YF. Vacuum synthesis of magnetic aluminum phthalocyanine on Au(111). Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:10338-41. [PMID: 27406881 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc03359h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Air-unstable magnetic aluminum phthalocyanine (AlPc) molecules are prepared by an on-surface metalation reaction of phthalocyanine with aluminum (Al) atoms on Au(111) in ultrahigh vacuum. Experiments and density functional theory calculations show that an unpaired spin is located on the conjugated isoindole lobes of the molecule rather than at the Al position.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Po Hong
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Ya-Jie Zhang
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Huan-Jun Song
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Mei-Lin Bai
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Xiong Zhou
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Jian-Long Li
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Gao-Chen Gu
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Xue Zhang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Min Chen
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str., 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - J Michael Gottfried
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str., 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Dong Wang
- Institute of Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jing-Tao Lü
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lian-Mao Peng
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Shi-Min Hou
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. and Beida Information Research (BIR), Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Richard Berndt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Kai Wu
- BNLMS, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Yong-Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. and Beida Information Research (BIR), Tianjin 300457, China
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17
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Requist R, Baruselli PP, Smogunov A, Fabrizio M, Modesti S, Tosatti E. Metallic, magnetic and molecular nanocontacts. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 11:499-508. [PMID: 27272139 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2016.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Scanning tunnelling microscopy and break-junction experiments realize metallic and molecular nanocontacts that act as ideal one-dimensional channels between macroscopic electrodes. Emergent nanoscale phenomena typical of these systems encompass structural, mechanical, electronic, transport, and magnetic properties. This Review focuses on the theoretical explanation of some of these properties obtained with the help of first-principles methods. By tracing parallel theoretical and experimental developments from the discovery of nanowire formation and conductance quantization in gold nanowires to recent observations of emergent magnetism and Kondo correlations, we exemplify the main concepts and ingredients needed to bring together ab initio calculations and physical observations. It can be anticipated that diode, sensor, spin-valve and spin-filter functionalities relevant for spintronics and molecular electronics applications will benefit from the physical understanding thus obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Requist
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, 06114 Halle, Germany
| | - Pier Paolo Baruselli
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
- Democritos Simulation Center, Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy
| | - Alexander Smogunov
- Service de Physique de l'Etat Condensé (SPEC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Michele Fabrizio
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy
- Democritos Simulation Center, Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy
| | - Silvio Modesti
- Physics Department, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 2, Trieste 34127, Italy
- TASC Laboratory, Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, s.s. 14 km 163.5, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Erio Tosatti
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy
- Democritos Simulation Center, Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy
- International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Strada Costiera 11, Trieste 34151, Italy
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18
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Karan S, Berndt R. Generation of spin in single cholesterol molecules on gold. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:9334-7. [PMID: 26948454 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07410j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Compact islands of cholesterol on Au(111) were investigated with scanning tunneling microscopy at ∼5 K. Single molecules have been switched among several states, three of which exhibit a sharp spectroscopic feature at the Fermi level. This feature signals the presence of a localized spin and suggests that the molecule may be controllably switched between paramagnetic and diamagnetic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujoy Karan
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Richard Berndt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany.
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19
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Karan S, Li N, Zhang Y, He Y, Hong IP, Song H, Lü JT, Wang Y, Peng L, Wu K, Michelitsch GS, Maurer RJ, Diller K, Reuter K, Weismann A, Berndt R. Spin Manipulation by Creation of Single-Molecule Radical Cations. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 116:027201. [PMID: 26824562 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.027201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
All-trans-retinoic acid (ReA), a closed-shell organic molecule comprising only C, H, and O atoms, is investigated on a Au(111) substrate using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. In dense arrays single ReA molecules are switched to a number of states, three of which carry a localized spin as evidenced by conductance spectroscopy in high magnetic fields. The spin of a single molecule may be reversibly switched on and off without affecting its neighbors. We suggest that ReA on Au is readily converted to a radical by the abstraction of an electron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujoy Karan
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang He
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - I-Po Hong
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanjun Song
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Tao Lü
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Beida Information Research (BIR), Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianmao Peng
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Georg S Michelitsch
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Reinhard J Maurer
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Katharina Diller
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Karsten Reuter
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Alexander Weismann
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Richard Berndt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
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20
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Zhang Q, Kuang G, Pang R, Shi X, Lin N. Switching Molecular Kondo Effect via Supramolecular Interaction. ACS NANO 2015; 9:12521-12528. [PMID: 26568262 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b06120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We apply supramolecular assembly to control the adsorption configuration of Co-porphyrin molecules on Au(111) and Cu(111) surfaces. By means of cryogenic scanning tunneling microscopy, we reveal that the Kondo effect associated with the Co center is absent or present in different supramolecular systems. We perform first-principles calculations to obtain spin-polarized electronic structures and compute the Kondo temperatures using the Anderson impurity model. The switching behavior is traced to varied molecular adsorption heights in different supramolecular structures. These findings unravel that a competition between intermolecular interactions and molecule-substrate interactions subtly regulates the molecular Kondo effect in supramolecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushi Zhang
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Hong Kong, China
| | - Guowen Kuang
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Hong Kong, China
| | - Rui Pang
- Department of Physics, South University of Science and Technology of China , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xingqiang Shi
- Department of Physics, South University of Science and Technology of China , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Nian Lin
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Hong Kong, China
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21
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Kawai S, Saito S, Osumi S, Yamaguchi S, Foster AS, Spijker P, Meyer E. Atomically controlled substitutional boron-doping of graphene nanoribbons. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8098. [PMID: 26302943 PMCID: PMC4560828 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Boron is a unique element in terms of electron deficiency and Lewis acidity. Incorporation of boron atoms into an aromatic carbon framework offers a wide variety of functionality. However, the intrinsic instability of organoboron compounds against moisture and oxygen has delayed the development. Here, we present boron-doped graphene nanoribbons (B-GNRs) of widths of N=7, 14 and 21 by on-surface chemical reactions with an employed organoboron precursor. The location of the boron dopant is well defined in the centre of the B-GNR, corresponding to 4.8 atom%, as programmed. The chemical reactivity of B-GNRs is probed by the adsorption of nitric oxide (NO), which is most effectively trapped by the boron sites, demonstrating the Lewis acid character. Structural properties and the chemical nature of the NO-reacted B-GNR are determined by a combination of scanning tunnelling microscopy, high-resolution atomic force microscopy with a CO tip, and density functional and classical computations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Kawai
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8, Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Shohei Saito
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8, Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Osumi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.,Institute of Transformative Bio-molecules, Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.,CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8, Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Adam S Foster
- COMP, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, PO Box 11100, FI-00076 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter Spijker
- COMP, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, PO Box 11100, FI-00076 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ernst Meyer
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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22
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Mugnaini V, Calzolari A, Ovsyannikov R, Vollmer A, Gonidec M, Alcon I, Veciana J, Pedio M. Looking Inside the Perchlorinated Trityl Radical/Metal Spinterface through Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:2101-2106. [PMID: 26266509 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report on a spectroscopic multitechnique approach to study the metal/radical spinterface formed by a perchlorinated trityl radical derivative and either gold or silver. The spectroscopic fingerprint of their paramagnetic properties could be determined by comparison with their diamagnetic precursor and by DFT calculations. Thanks to the presented approach, we could gain unprecedented insight into the radical-metal interaction and how this latter perturbs the spin polarization and consequently the magnetoelectronic properties of the radical adlayer. Knowledge of the factors influencing the spinterface is an essential tool toward the tailoring of the properties of spin-based electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Mugnaini
- †Department of Molecular Nanoscience and Organic Materials, Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC/CIBER-BBN), Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arrigo Calzolari
- ‡CNR-NANO Istituto Nanoscienze, Centro S3, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Ruslan Ovsyannikov
- §Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Antje Vollmer
- §Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mathieu Gonidec
- †Department of Molecular Nanoscience and Organic Materials, Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC/CIBER-BBN), Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isaac Alcon
- †Department of Molecular Nanoscience and Organic Materials, Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC/CIBER-BBN), Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Veciana
- †Department of Molecular Nanoscience and Organic Materials, Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC/CIBER-BBN), Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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23
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Shiotari A, Hatta S, Okuyama H, Aruga T. Formation of unique trimer of nitric oxide on Cu(111). J Chem Phys 2014; 141:134705. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4896558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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