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Olasard P, Suksri P, Taneerat C, Rungrassamee W, Sathapondecha P. In silico identification and functional study of long non-coding RNA involved in acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection in white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 152:109768. [PMID: 39013534 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) caused by toxin-producing Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VpAHPND) has severely affected shrimp production. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), a regulatory non-coding RNA, which can play important function in shrimp disease responses. This study aimed to identify and investigate the role of lncRNA involved in VpAHPND infection in Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. From a total of 368,736 de novo assembled transcripts, 67,559 were identified as putative lncRNAs, and only 72 putative lncRNAs showed differential expression between VpAHPND-infected and normal shrimp. The six candidate lncRNAs were validated for their expression profiles during VpAHPND infection and tissue distribution using RT-qPCR. The role of lnc2088 in response to VpAHPND infection was investigated through RNA interference. The result indicated that the suppression of lnc2088 expression led to an increase in shrimp mortality after VpAHPND infection. To explore the set of genes involved in lnc2088 knockdown, RNA sequencing was performed. A total of 275 differentially expressed transcripts were identified in the hepatopancreas of lnc2088 knockdown shrimp. The expression profiles of five candidate metabolic and immune-related genes were validated in lnc2088 knockdown and VpAHPND-infected shrimp. The result showed that the expression of ChiNAG was significantly increased, while that of NCBP1, WIPF2, and NFKB1 was significantly downregulated in ds2088-injected shrimp. Additionally, the expression of NFKB1, NCBP1 and WIPF2 was significantly increased, whereas that of ChiNAG and CUL5 were significantly decreased after infection with VpAHPND. Our work identified putative lncRNA profiles in L. vannamei in response to VpAHPND infection and investigated the role of lncRNA in shrimp immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praewrung Olasard
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics Research, Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Phassorn Suksri
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics Research, Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Chanikan Taneerat
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics Research, Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Wanilada Rungrassamee
- Biosensing and Bioprospectiing Technology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Ponsit Sathapondecha
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics Research, Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
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2
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Zhou Y, Chen Z, Liu S, Liu S, Liao Y, Du A, Dong Z, Zhang Y, Chen X, Tao S, Wu X, Razzaq A, Xu G, Tan DA, Li S, Deng Y, Peng J, Dai S, Deng X, Zhang X, Jiang T, Zhang Z, Cheng G, Zhao J, Xia Z. A Cullin 5-based complex serves as an essential modulator of ORF9b stability in SARS-CoV-2 replication. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:159. [PMID: 38937432 PMCID: PMC11211426 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01874-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The ORF9b protein, derived from the nucleocapsid's open-reading frame in both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, serves as an accessory protein crucial for viral immune evasion by inhibiting the innate immune response. Despite its significance, the precise regulatory mechanisms underlying its function remain elusive. In the present study, we unveil that the ORF9b protein of SARS-CoV-2, including emerging mutant strains like Delta and Omicron, can undergo ubiquitination at the K67 site and subsequent degradation via the proteasome pathway, despite certain mutations present among these strains. Moreover, our investigation further uncovers the pivotal role of the translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane 70 (TOM70) as a substrate receptor, bridging ORF9b with heat shock protein 90 alpha (HSP90α) and Cullin 5 (CUL5) to form a complex. Within this complex, CUL5 triggers the ubiquitination and degradation of ORF9b, acting as a host antiviral factor, while HSP90α functions to stabilize it. Notably, treatment with HSP90 inhibitors such as GA or 17-AAG accelerates the degradation of ORF9b, leading to a pronounced inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication. Single-cell sequencing data revealed an up-regulation of HSP90α in lung epithelial cells from COVID-19 patients, suggesting a potential mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 may exploit HSP90α to evade the host immunity. Our study identifies the CUL5-TOM70-HSP90α complex as a critical regulator of ORF9b protein stability, shedding light on the intricate host-virus immune response dynamics and offering promising avenues for drug development against SARS-CoV-2 in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzheng Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China
- Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518112, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zongpeng Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China
| | - Sijie Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China
| | - Sixu Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China
| | - Yujie Liao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China
| | - Ashuai Du
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China
| | - Zijun Dong
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, 410081, Changsha, China
| | - Yongxing Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China
| | - Siyi Tao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of spine surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China
| | - Aroona Razzaq
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China
| | - Gang Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 230032, Hefei, China
| | - De-An Tan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, 921 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force People's Liberation Army of China (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), 410003, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shanni Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China
| | - Youwen Deng
- Department of spine surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Peng
- Department of Geriatric Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China
| | - Shuyan Dai
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China
| | - Xu Deng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China
| | - Xianwen Zhang
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, 518132, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Zheng Zhang
- Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518112, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gong Cheng
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, 518132, Shenzhen, China
- Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Jincun Zhao
- Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518112, Shenzhen, China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, 510005, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510120, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zanxian Xia
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China.
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3
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Bardan Sarmiento M, Gang SS, van Oosten-Hawle P, Troemel ER. CUL-6/cullin ubiquitin ligase-mediated degradation of HSP-90 by intestinal lysosomes promotes thermotolerance. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114279. [PMID: 38795346 PMCID: PMC11238739 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Heat shock can be a lethal stressor. Previously, we described a CUL-6/cullin-ring ubiquitin ligase complex in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans that is induced by intracellular intestinal infection and proteotoxic stress and that promotes improved survival upon heat shock (thermotolerance). Here, we show that CUL-6 promotes thermotolerance by targeting the heat shock protein HSP-90 for degradation. We show that CUL-6-mediated lowering of HSP-90 protein levels, specifically in the intestine, improves thermotolerance. Furthermore, we show that lysosomal function is required for CUL-6-mediated promotion of thermotolerance and that CUL-6 directs HSP-90 to lysosome-related organelles upon heat shock. Altogether, these results indicate that a CUL-6 ubiquitin ligase promotes organismal survival upon heat shock by promoting HSP-90 degradation in intestinal lysosomes. Thus, HSP-90, a protein commonly associated with protection against heat shock and promoting degradation of other proteins, is itself degraded to protect against heat shock.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Spencer S Gang
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Emily R Troemel
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Samant RS, Batista S, Larance M, Ozer B, Milton CI, Bludau I, Wu E, Biggins L, Andrews S, Hervieu A, Johnston HE, Al-Lazikhani B, Lamond AI, Clarke PA, Workman P. Native Size-Exclusion Chromatography-Based Mass Spectrometry Reveals New Components of the Early Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibition Response Among Limited Global Changes. Mol Cell Proteomics 2023; 22:100485. [PMID: 36549590 PMCID: PMC9898794 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2022.100485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) works in concert with co-chaperones to stabilize its client proteins, which include multiple drivers of oncogenesis and malignant progression. Pharmacologic inhibitors of HSP90 have been observed to exert a wide range of effects on the proteome, including depletion of client proteins, induction of heat shock proteins, dissociation of co-chaperones from HSP90, disruption of client protein signaling networks, and recruitment of the protein ubiquitylation and degradation machinery-suggesting widespread remodeling of cellular protein complexes. However, proteomics studies to date have focused on inhibitor-induced changes in total protein levels, often overlooking protein complex alterations. Here, we use size-exclusion chromatography in combination with mass spectrometry (SEC-MS) to characterize the early changes in native protein complexes following treatment with the HSP90 inhibitor tanespimycin (17-AAG) for 8 h in the HT29 colon adenocarcinoma cell line. After confirming the signature cellular response to HSP90 inhibition (e.g., induction of heat shock proteins, decreased total levels of client proteins), we were surprised to find only modest perturbations to the global distribution of protein elution profiles in inhibitor-treated HT29 cells at this relatively early time-point. Similarly, co-chaperones that co-eluted with HSP90 displayed no clear difference between control and treated conditions. However, two distinct analysis strategies identified multiple inhibitor-induced changes, including known and unknown components of the HSP90-dependent proteome. We validate two of these-the actin-binding protein Anillin and the mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase 3 complex-as novel HSP90 inhibitor-modulated proteins. We present this dataset as a resource for the HSP90, proteostasis, and cancer communities (https://www.bioinformatics.babraham.ac.uk/shiny/HSP90/SEC-MS/), laying the groundwork for future mechanistic and therapeutic studies related to HSP90 pharmacology. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD033459.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul S Samant
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom; Signalling Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Silvia Batista
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Larance
- Centre for Gene Regulation & Expression, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Bugra Ozer
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher I Milton
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Isabell Bludau
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Estelle Wu
- Signalling Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Biggins
- Bioinformatics Group, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Andrews
- Bioinformatics Group, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alexia Hervieu
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Harvey E Johnston
- Signalling Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Bissan Al-Lazikhani
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom; Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Angus I Lamond
- Centre for Gene Regulation & Expression, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Paul A Clarke
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Workman
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.
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5
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Mathien S, Tesnière C, Meloche S. Regulation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathways by the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System and Its Pharmacological Potential. Pharmacol Rev 2021; 73:263-296. [PMID: 34732541 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are evolutionarily conserved signaling pathways that play essential roles in transducing extracellular environmental signals into diverse cellular responses to maintain homeostasis. These pathways are classically organized into an architecture of three sequentially acting protein kinases: a MAPK kinase kinase that phosphorylates and activates a MAPK kinase, which in turn phosphorylates and activates the effector MAPK. The activity of MAPKs is tightly regulated by phosphorylation of their activation loop, which can be modulated by positive and negative feedback mechanisms to control the amplitude and duration of the signal. The signaling outcomes of MAPK pathways are further regulated by interactions of MAPKs with scaffolding and regulatory proteins. Accumulating evidence indicates that, in addition to these mechanisms, MAPK signaling is commonly regulated by ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS)-mediated control of the stability and abundance of MAPK pathway components. Notably, the biologic activity of some MAPKs appears to be regulated mainly at the level of protein turnover. Recent studies have started to explore the potential of targeted protein degradation as a powerful strategy to investigate the biologic functions of individual MAPK pathway components and as a new therapeutic approach to overcome resistance to current small-molecule kinase inhibitors. Here, we comprehensively review the mechanisms, physiologic importance, and pharmacological potential of UPS-mediated protein degradation in the control of MAPK signaling. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Accumulating evidence highlights the importance of targeted protein degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system in regulating and fine-tuning the signaling output of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. Manipulating protein levels of MAPK cascade components may provide a novel approach for the development of selective pharmacological tools and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Mathien
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (S.Ma., C.T., S.Me.); and Molecular Biology Program, Faculty of Medicine (C.T., S.Me.) and Department of Pharmacology and Physiology (S.Me.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Chloé Tesnière
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (S.Ma., C.T., S.Me.); and Molecular Biology Program, Faculty of Medicine (C.T., S.Me.) and Department of Pharmacology and Physiology (S.Me.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvain Meloche
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (S.Ma., C.T., S.Me.); and Molecular Biology Program, Faculty of Medicine (C.T., S.Me.) and Department of Pharmacology and Physiology (S.Me.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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6
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Li Z, Hu N, Dai L, Hou X, Hu W, Liang W, Wang X. Cullin-5 (CUL5) as a potential prognostic marker in a pan-cancer analysis of human tumors. Bioengineered 2021; 12:5348-5360. [PMID: 34415831 PMCID: PMC8806887 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1940042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There is some evidence supporting an association between Cullin-5 (CUL5) and cancer, but no research using pan-cancer analysis has been conducted previously. We therefore investigated the oncogenic role of CUL5 in 33 tumors from the Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases. Many cancers reduce CUL5 levels, and the prognosis of certain cancers is vitally linked with CUL5 expression. CUL5 expression is associated with CD8 + T-cell infiltration levels in uveal melanomas and head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, and we observed a positive relationship between CUL5 and Tcm (T central memory) cells, and a negative relationship between T helper (Th) cells and pDC (plasmacytoid DC). CUL5 had negative associations with NK cells, NK CD56bright cells, NK CD56dim cells, Tregs, cytotoxic cells, and Th17 cells. Functions relating to protein processing and ubiquitin were included in the CUL5 functional mechanisms. The top 100 genes that are most strongly related to CUL5 were identified, and enrichment analysis indicated that the biological process with the closest relationship was neddylation, related pathways included the TGF-beta signaling pathway and intracellular receptor signaling pathway. CUL5 is related to biological cell behaviors such as chromosome segregation and positive regulation of chromosome organization. As the first study to perform a pan-cancer analysis of CUL5, the present findings will improve the understanding of the oncogenic role of CUL5 in different tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zian Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan International Joint Laboratory of Glioma Metabolism and Microenvironment Research, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan International Joint Laboratory of Glioma Metabolism and Microenvironment Research, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lirui Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan International Joint Laboratory of Glioma Metabolism and Microenvironment Research, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xuelei Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan International Joint Laboratory of Glioma Metabolism and Microenvironment Research, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Weihua Hu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Glioma Metabolism and Microenvironment Research, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wulong Liang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Glioma Metabolism and Microenvironment Research, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinjun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan International Joint Laboratory of Glioma Metabolism and Microenvironment Research, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Luan H, Bailey TA, Clubb RJ, Mohapatra BC, Bhat AM, Chakraborty S, Islam N, Mushtaq I, Storck MD, Raja SM, Band V, Band H. CHIP/STUB1 Ubiquitin Ligase Functions as a Negative Regulator of ErbB2 by Promoting Its Early Post-Biosynthesis Degradation. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13163936. [PMID: 34439093 PMCID: PMC8391510 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13163936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Overexpressed ErbB2/HER2 receptor drives up to a quarter of breast cancers. One aspect of ErbB2 biology that is poorly understood is how it reaches the cell surface following biosynthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Here, the authors show that the CHIP (C-terminus of HSC70-Interacting protein)/STUB1 (STIP1-homologous U-Box containing protein 1) protein targets the newly synthesized ErbB2 for ubiquitin/proteasome-dependent degradation in the ER and Golgi, identifying a novel mechanism that negatively regulates cell surface expression of ErbB2. These findings provide one explanation for frequent loss of CHIP expression is ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancers. The authors further show that ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancer cells with low CHIP expression exhibit higher ER stress inducibility, and ER stress-inducing anticancer drug Bortezomib synergizes with ErbB2-targeted humanized antibody Trastuzumab to inhibit cancer cell proliferation. These new insights suggest that reduced CHIP expression may specify ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancers suitable for combined treatment with Trastuzumab and ER stress inducing agents. Abstract Overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family member ErbB2 (HER2) drives oncogenesis in up to 25% of invasive breast cancers. ErbB2 expression at the cell surface is required for oncogenesis but mechanisms that ensure the optimal cell surface display of overexpressed ErbB2 following its biosynthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum are poorly understood. ErbB2 is dependent on continuous association with HSP90 molecular chaperone for its stability and function as an oncogenic driver. Here, we use knockdown and overexpression studies to show that the HSP90/HSC70-interacting negative co-chaperone CHIP (C-terminus of HSC70-Interacting protein)/STUB1 (STIP1-homologous U-Box containing protein 1) targets the newly synthesized, HSP90/HSC70-associated, ErbB2 for ubiquitin/proteasome-dependent degradation in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi, thus identifying a novel mechanism that negatively regulates cell surface ErbB2 levels in breast cancer cells, consistent with frequent loss of CHIP expression previously reported in ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancers. ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancer cells with low CHIP expression exhibited higher endoplasmic reticulum stress inducibility. Accordingly, the endoplasmic reticulum stress-inducing anticancer drug Bortezomib combined with ErbB2-targeted humanized antibody Trastuzumab showed synergistic inhibition of ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancer cell proliferation. Our findings reveal new insights into mechanisms that control the surface expression of overexpressed ErbB2 and suggest that reduced CHIP expression may specify ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancers suitable for combined treatment with Trastuzumab and ER stress inducing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Luan
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (H.L.); (T.A.B.); (R.J.C.); (B.C.M.); (M.D.S.); (S.M.R.)
- Departments of Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.M.B.); (S.C.); (N.I.)
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Tameka A. Bailey
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (H.L.); (T.A.B.); (R.J.C.); (B.C.M.); (M.D.S.); (S.M.R.)
| | - Robert J. Clubb
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (H.L.); (T.A.B.); (R.J.C.); (B.C.M.); (M.D.S.); (S.M.R.)
| | - Bhopal C. Mohapatra
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (H.L.); (T.A.B.); (R.J.C.); (B.C.M.); (M.D.S.); (S.M.R.)
- Departments of Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.M.B.); (S.C.); (N.I.)
| | - Aaqib M. Bhat
- Departments of Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.M.B.); (S.C.); (N.I.)
| | - Sukanya Chakraborty
- Departments of Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.M.B.); (S.C.); (N.I.)
| | - Namista Islam
- Departments of Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.M.B.); (S.C.); (N.I.)
| | - Insha Mushtaq
- Departments of Pathology & Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Matthew D. Storck
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (H.L.); (T.A.B.); (R.J.C.); (B.C.M.); (M.D.S.); (S.M.R.)
| | - Srikumar M. Raja
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (H.L.); (T.A.B.); (R.J.C.); (B.C.M.); (M.D.S.); (S.M.R.)
| | - Vimla Band
- Departments of Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.M.B.); (S.C.); (N.I.)
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Correspondence: (V.B.); (H.B.); Tel.: +1-402-559-8565 (V.B.); +1-402-559-8572 (H.B.)
| | - Hamid Band
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (H.L.); (T.A.B.); (R.J.C.); (B.C.M.); (M.D.S.); (S.M.R.)
- Departments of Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.M.B.); (S.C.); (N.I.)
- Departments of Pathology & Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Correspondence: (V.B.); (H.B.); Tel.: +1-402-559-8565 (V.B.); +1-402-559-8572 (H.B.)
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Regulation of ClC-2 Chloride Channel Proteostasis by Molecular Chaperones: Correction of Leukodystrophy-Associated Defect. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115859. [PMID: 34070744 PMCID: PMC8197790 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ClC-2 channel plays a critical role in maintaining ion homeostasis in the brain and the testis. Loss-of-function mutations in the ClC-2-encoding human CLCN2 gene are linked to the white matter disease leukodystrophy. Clcn2-deficient mice display neuronal myelin vacuolation and testicular degeneration. Leukodystrophy-causing ClC-2 mutant channels are associated with anomalous proteostasis manifesting enhanced endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation. The molecular nature of the ER quality control system for ClC-2 protein remains elusive. In mouse testicular tissues and Leydig cells, we demonstrated that endogenous ClC-2 co-existed in the same protein complex with the molecular chaperones heat shock protein 90β (Hsp90β) and heat shock cognate protein (Hsc70), as well as the associated co-chaperones Hsp70/Hsp90 organizing protein (HOP), activator of Hsp90 ATPase homolog 1 (Aha1), and FK506-binding protein 8 (FKBP8). Further biochemical analyses revealed that the Hsp90β-Hsc70 chaperone/co-chaperone system promoted mouse and human ClC-2 protein biogenesis. FKBP8 additionally facilitated membrane trafficking of ClC-2 channels. Interestingly, treatment with the Hsp90-targeting small molecule 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) substantially boosted ClC-2 protein expression. Also, 17-AAG effectively increased both total and cell surface protein levels of leukodystrophy-causing loss-of-function ClC-2 mutant channels. Our findings highlight the therapeutic potential of 17-AAG in correcting anomalous ClC-2 proteostasis associated with leukodystrophy.
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9
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Th1 cytokine interferon gamma improves response in HER2 breast cancer by modulating the ubiquitin proteasomal pathway. Mol Ther 2021; 29:1541-1556. [PMID: 33412308 PMCID: PMC8058490 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
HER2 breast cancer (BC) remains a significant problem in patients with locally advanced or metastatic BC. We investigated the relationship between T helper 1 (Th1) immune response and the proteasomal degradation pathway (PDP), in HER2-sensitive and -resistant cells. HER2 overexpression is partially maintained because E3 ubiquitin ligase Cullin5 (CUL5), which degrades HER2, is frequently mutated or underexpressed, while the client-protective co-chaperones cell division cycle 37 (Cdc37) and heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) are increased translating to diminished survival. The Th1 cytokine interferon (IFN)-γ caused increased CUL5 expression and marked dissociation of both Cdc37 and Hsp90 from HER2, causing significant surface loss of HER2, diminished growth, and induction of tumor senescence. In HER2-resistant mammary carcinoma, either IFN-γ or Th1-polarizing anti-HER2 vaccination, when administered with anti-HER2 antibodies, demonstrated increased intratumor CUL5 expression, decreased surface HER2, and tumor senescence with significant therapeutic activity. IFN-γ synergized with multiple HER2-targeted agents to decrease surface HER2 expression, resulting in decreased tumor growth. These data suggest a novel function of IFN-γ that regulates HER2 through the PDP pathway and provides an opportunity to impact HER2 responses through anti-tumor immunity.
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10
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Zhao Y, Xiong X, Sun Y. Cullin-RING Ligase 5: Functional characterization and its role in human cancers. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 67:61-79. [PMID: 32334051 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cullin-RING ligase 5 (CRL5) is a multi-protein complex and consists of a scaffold protien cullin 5, a RING protein RBX2 (also known as ROC2 or SAG), adaptor proteins Elongin B/C, and a substrate receptor protein SOCS. Through targeting a variety of substrates for proteasomal degradation or modulating various protein-protein interactions, CRL5 is involved in regulation of many biological processes, such as cytokine signal transduction, inflammation, viral infection, and oncogenesis. As many substrates of CRL5 are well-known oncoproteins or tumor suppressors, abnormal regulation of CRL5 is commonly found in human cancers. In this review, we first briefly introduce each of CRL5 components, and then discuss the biological processes regulated by four members of SOCS-box-containing substrate receptor family through substrate degradation. We next describe how CRL5 is hijacked by a variety of viral proteins to degrade host anti-viral proteins, which facilitates virus infection. We further discuss the regulation of CUL5 and its various roles in human cancers, acting as either a tumor suppressor or an oncoprotein in a context-dependent manner. Finally, we propose novel insights for future perspectives on the validation of cullin5 and other CRL5 components as potential targets, and possible targeting strategies to discover CRL5 inhibitors for anti-cancer and anti-virus therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xiufang Xiong
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Cancer Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Cancer Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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11
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Gao F, Fan Y, Zhou B, Guo W, Jiang X, Shi J, Ren C. The functions and properties of cullin-5, a potential therapeutic target for cancers. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:618-632. [PMID: 32194910 PMCID: PMC7061844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cullin-5 (CUL5), a scaffold protein in active cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase (CRL) complexes, is a member of the cullin family of proteins. The CUL5-type ubiquitin ligase can target multiple proteins involved in ubiquitination and proteasome degradation. CUL5 plays positive roles in regulating cell growth, proliferation and physiological and other processes in the human body. It has been found that the expression of CUL5 is significantly downregulated in various cancer cells, which affects the course of the cancers. Here, we reviewed the current data on the expression and role of CUL5 in both normal and cancer cells, its possible mechanisms, and its potential as a therapeutic target for cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha 410008, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of The Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yimin Fan
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha 410008, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of The Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Bolun Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha 410008, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of The Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Weihua Guo
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha 410008, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of The Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xingjun Jiang
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Jing Shi
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha 410008, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of The Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Caiping Ren
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha 410008, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of The Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha 410008, Hunan, China
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12
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Workman P. Reflections and Outlook on Targeting HSP90, HSP70 and HSF1 in Cancer: A Personal Perspective. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1243:163-179. [PMID: 32297218 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-40204-4_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This personal perspective focuses on small-molecule inhibitors of proteostasis networks in cancer-specifically the discovery and development of chemical probes and drugs acting on the molecular chaperones HSP90 and HSP70, and on the HSF1 stress pathway. Emphasis is on progress made and lessons learned and a future outlook is provided. Highly potent, selective HSP90 inhibitors have proved invaluable in exploring the role of this molecular chaperone family in biology and disease pathology. Clinical activity was observed, especially in non small cell lung cancer and HER2 positive breast cancer. Optimal use of HSP90 inhibitors in oncology will likely require development of creative combination strategies. HSP70 family members have proved technically harder to drug. However, recent progress has been made towards useful chemical tool compounds and these may signpost future clinical drug candidates. The HSF1 stress pathway is strongly validated as a target for cancer therapy. HSF1 itself is a ligandless transcription factor that is extremely challenging to drug directly. HSF1 pathway inhibitors have been identified mostly by phenotypic screening, including a series of bisamides from which a clinical candidate has been identified for treatment of ovarian cancer, multiple myeloma and potentially other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Workman
- CRUK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
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13
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Zhang S, Sun Y. Cullin RING Ligase 5 (CRL-5): Neddylation Activation and Biological Functions. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1217:261-283. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-1025-0_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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14
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Schwertheim S, Theurer S, Jastrow H, Herold T, Ting S, Westerwick D, Bertram S, Schaefer CM, Kälsch J, Baba HA, Schmid KW. New insights into intranuclear inclusions in thyroid carcinoma: Association with autophagy and with BRAFV600E mutation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226199. [PMID: 31841566 PMCID: PMC6913918 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intranuclear inclusions (NI) in normal and neoplastic tissues have been known for years, representing one of the diagnostic criteria for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). BRAF activation is involved among others in autophagy. NI in hepatocellular carcinoma contain autophagy-associated proteins. Our aim was to clarify if NI in thyroid carcinoma (TC) have a biological function. Methods NI in 107 paraffin-embedded specimens of TC including all major subtypes were analyzed. We considered an inclusion as positive if it was delimited by a lamin AC (nuclear membrane marker) stained intact membrane and completely closed. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF) and 3D reconstruction were performed to investigate content and shape of NI; BRAFV600E mutation was analyzed by next generation sequencing. Results In 29% of the TCs at least one lamin AC positive intranuclear inclusion was detected; most frequently (76%) in PTCs. TEM analyses revealed degenerated organelles and heterolysosomes within such NI; 3D reconstruction of IF stained nuclei confirmed complete closure by the nuclear membrane without any contact to the cytoplasm. NI were positively stained for the autophagy-associated proteins LC3B, ubiquitin, cathepsin D, p62/sequestosome1 and cathepsin B in 14–29% of the cases. Double-IF revealed co-localization of LC3B & ubiquitin, p62 & ubiquitin and LC3B & p62 in the same NI. BRAFV600E mutation, exclusively detected in PTCs, was significantly associated with the number of NI/PTC (p = 0.042) and with immunoreactivity for autophagy-associated proteins in the NI (p≤0.035). BRAF-IHC revealed that some of these BRAF-positive thyrocytes contained mutant BRAF in their NI co-localized with autophagy-associated proteins. Conclusions NI are completely delimited by nuclear membrane in TC. The presence of autophagy-associated proteins within the NI together with degenerated organelles and lysosomal proteases suggests their involvement in autophagy and proteolysis. Whether and how BRAFV600E protein is degraded in NI needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan Schwertheim
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- * E-mail: (HAB); (SS)
| | - Sarah Theurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Holger Jastrow
- Institute of Anatomy and Electron Microscopy Unit of Imaging Center Essen, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Herold
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Saskia Ting
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Daniela Westerwick
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Bertram
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph M. Schaefer
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Julia Kälsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Hideo A. Baba
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- * E-mail: (HAB); (SS)
| | - Kurt W. Schmid
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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15
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Zeng H, Castillo-Cabrera J, Manser M, Lu B, Yang Z, Strande V, Begue D, Zamponi R, Qiu S, Sigoillot F, Wang Q, Lindeman A, Reece-Hoyes JS, Russ C, Bonenfant D, Jiang X, Wang Y, Cong F. Genome-wide CRISPR screening reveals genetic modifiers of mutant EGFR dependence in human NSCLC. eLife 2019; 8:50223. [PMID: 31741433 PMCID: PMC6927754 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
EGFR-mutant NSCLCs frequently respond to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However, the responses are not durable, and the magnitude of tumor regression is variable, suggesting the existence of genetic modifiers of EGFR dependency. Here, we applied a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screening to identify genetic determinants of EGFR TKI sensitivity and uncovered putative candidates. We show that knockout of RIC8A, essential for G-alpha protein activation, enhanced EGFR TKI-induced cell death. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that RIC8A is a positive regulator of YAP signaling, activation of which rescued the EGFR TKI sensitizing phenotype resulting from RIC8A knockout. We also show that knockout of ARIH2, or other components in the Cullin-5 E3 complex, conferred resistance to EGFR inhibition, in part by promoting nascent protein synthesis through METAP2. Together, these data uncover a spectrum of previously unidentified regulators of EGFR TKI sensitivity in EGFR-mutant human NSCLC, providing insights into the heterogeneity of EGFR TKI treatment responses. Cancer is caused by cells growing and dividing uncontrollably as a result of mutations in certain genes. Many human lung cancers have a mutation in the gene that makes the protein EGFR. In healthy cells, EGFR allows a cell to respond to chemical signals that encourage healthy growth. In cancer, the altered EGFR is always on, which allows the cell to rapidly grow without any control, resulting in cancer. One approach to treating these cancers is with drugs that block the activity of mutant EGFR. Although these drugs have been very successful, they do not always succeed in completely treating the cancer. This is because over time the cancer cells can become resistant to the drug and start forming new tumors. One way that this can happen is if random mutations lead to changes in other proteins that make the drug less effective or stop it from accessing the EGFR proteins. However, it is unclear how other proteins in cancer cells affect the response to these EGFR inhibiting drugs. Now, Zeng et al. have used gene editing to systematically remove every protein from human lung cancer cells grown in the laboratory to see how this affects resistance to EGFR inhibitor treatment. This revealed that a number of different proteins could change how cancer cells responded to the drug. For instance, cells lacking the protein RIC8A were more sensitive to EGFR inhibitors and less likely to develop resistance. This is because loss of RIC8A turns down a key cell survival pathway in cancer cells. Whereas, cancer cells lacking the ARIH2 protein were able to produce more proteins that are needed for cancer cell growth, which resulted in them having increased resistance to EGFR inhibitors. The proteins identified in this study could be used to develop new drugs that improve the effectiveness of EGFR inhibitors. Understanding how cancer cells respond to EGFR inhibitor treatment could help determine how likely a patient is to develop resistance to these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zeng
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, United States
| | - Johnny Castillo-Cabrera
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, United States
| | - Mika Manser
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, United States
| | - Bo Lu
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, United States
| | - Zinger Yang
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, United States
| | - Vaik Strande
- Analytical Sciences and Imaging, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Damien Begue
- Analytical Sciences and Imaging, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raffaella Zamponi
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, United States
| | - Shumei Qiu
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, United States
| | - Frederic Sigoillot
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, United States
| | - Qiong Wang
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, United States
| | - Alicia Lindeman
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, United States
| | - John S Reece-Hoyes
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, United States
| | - Carsten Russ
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, United States
| | - Debora Bonenfant
- Analytical Sciences and Imaging, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Xiaomo Jiang
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, United States
| | - Youzhen Wang
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, United States
| | - Feng Cong
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, United States
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16
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Talamantez-Lyburn S, Brown P, Hondrogiannis N, Ratliff J, Wicks SL, Nana N, Zheng Z, Rosenzweig Z, Hondrogiannis E, Devadas MS, Ehrlich ES. Gold nanoparticles loaded with cullin-5 DNA increase sensitivity to 17-AAG in cullin-5 deficient breast cancer cells. Int J Pharm 2019; 564:281-292. [PMID: 30999048 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
HSP90 inhibitors have the potential to treat many types of cancer due to the dependence of tumor cells on HSP90 for cell growth and proliferation. The Cullin-5 (Cul5) E3 ubiquitin ligase is required for HSP90 inhibitors to induce client protein degradation and subsequent cell death. Cul5 is expressed at low levels in breast cancer cells compared to patient matched controls. This observed low Cul5 expression may play a role in the reported decreased efficacy of 17-AAG and related HSP90 inhibitors as a monotherapy. We have developed a method for delivery of 17-AAG plus Cul5 DNA to cells via gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Delivery of AuNPs containing Cul5 DNA increases the sensitivity of Cul5 deficient AU565 cells to 17-AAG. Characterization of AuNPs by UV-vis spectrum, TEM, gel electrophoresis assay and 1H NMR indicate attachment of both 17-AAG and DNA payload as well as AuNP stability. Studies in Cul5 deficient AU565 cells reveal that delivery of Cul5 and 17-AAG together increase cytotoxicity. Our results provide evidence that delivery of DNA with drug may serve as a method to sensitize drug resistant tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pierce Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Towson University, Towson, MD, United States
| | | | - Janaysha Ratliff
- Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD, United States
| | - Sarah L Wicks
- Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD, United States
| | - Ninna Nana
- Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD, United States
| | - Zheng Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Zeev Rosenzweig
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | | | - Elana S Ehrlich
- Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD, United States.
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17
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Gil KE, Park CM. Thermal adaptation and plasticity of the plant circadian clock. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 221:1215-1229. [PMID: 30289568 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Contents Summary 1215 I. Introduction 1215 II. Molecular organization of the plant circadian clock 1216 III. Temperature compensation 1219 IV. Temperature regulation of circadian behaviors 1220 V. Thermal adaptation of the clock: evolutionary considerations 1223 VI. Light and temperature information for the clock function - synergic or individual? 1224 VII. Concluding remarks and future prospects 1225 Acknowledgements 1225 References 1225 SUMMARY: Plant growth and development is widely affected by diverse temperature conditions. Although studies have been focused mainly on the effects of stressful temperature extremes in recent decades, nonstressful ambient temperatures also influence an array of plant growth and morphogenic aspects, a process termed thermomorphogenesis. Notably, accumulating evidence indicates that both stressful and nonstressful temperatures modulate the functional process of the circadian clock, a molecular timer of biological rhythms in higher eukaryotes and photosynthetic prokaryotes. The circadian clock can sustain robust and precise timing over a range of physiological temperatures. Genes and molecular mechanisms governing the temperature compensation process have been explored in different plant species. In addition, a ZEITLUPE/HSP90-mediated protein quality control mechanism helps plants maintain the thermal stability of the clock under heat stress. The thermal adaptation capability and plasticity of the clock are of particular interest in view of the growing concern about global climate changes. Considering these circumstances in the field, we believe that it is timely to provide a provoking discussion on the current knowledge of temperature regulation of the clock function. The review also will discuss stimulating ideas on this topic along with ecosystem management and future agricultural innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Eun Gil
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Chung-Mo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
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18
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Li J, Yu T, Yan M, Zhang X, Liao L, Zhu M, Lin H, Pan H, Yao M. DCUN1D1 facilitates tumor metastasis by activating FAK signaling and up-regulates PD-L1 in non-small-cell lung cancer. Exp Cell Res 2018; 374:304-314. [PMID: 30528265 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
E3 ubiquitin ligases, which are key enzymes in the ubiquitin proteasome system, catalyze the ubiquitination of proteins to target them for proteasomal degradation. Emerging evidence suggests that E3 ubiquitin ligases play important roles in the development and progression of lung cancer. In our study, we characterized the gene expression landscape of lung cancer using data obtained from TCGA to explore the changes in E3 ubiquitin ligase containing the regulators of E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. Overall, most gene expression changes occurred in NSCLC tissues compared with adjacent normal ones. In total, 48 E3 ubiquitin ligases containing the regulators were up-regulated in NSCLC tissues compared with their levels in normal tissues. We analyzed the expression of up-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligases containing the regulators in two publicly available transcriptome data sets (GSE13213 and GSE30219). We found that four E3 ubiquitin ligases (UHRF1, BRCA1, TRAIP and HLTF) and one regulator of ubiquitin E3 activity DCUN1D1 that were dramatically up-regulated in cancer were significantly associated with tumor metastasis and patient's poor prognosis both in two transcriptome data sets. Next, clinical analysis indicated that the expression levels of DCUN1D1 correlated with clinical stage and lymph node metastasis in NSCLC patients as determined by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. Furthermore, functional assays showed that DCUN1D1 promoted NSCLC cell invasion and migration as determined by transwell assay in vitro. Mechanistically, we found that the C-terminal Cullin binding domain leads to oncogenic activity and the UBA domain acts as a negative regulator of DCUN1D1 function in NSCLC. Moreover, DCUN1D1 activated the FAK oncogenic signaling pathway and up-regulated PD-L1. Taken together, our results demonstrate that DCUN1D1 is a metastasis regulator and suggest a new therapeutic option for NSCLC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingxia Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Liao
- Department of Oncology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Miaoxin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hechun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ming Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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19
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Kunkler B, Salamango D, DeBruine ZJ, Ploch C, Dean S, Grossens D, Hledin MP, Marquez GA, Madden J, Schnell A, Short M, Burnatowska-Hledin MA. CUL5 is required for thalidomide-dependent inhibition of cellular proliferation. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196760. [PMID: 29746508 PMCID: PMC5944951 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is essential for cancer metastasis, thus the discovery and characterization of molecules that inhibit this process is important. Thalidomide is a teratogenic drug which is known to inhibit angiogenesis and effectively inhibit cancer metastasis, yet the specific cellular targets for its effect are not well known. We discovered that CUL5 (previously identified as VACM-1), a scaffold protein in E3 ligase complexes, is involved in thalidomide-dependent inhibition of endothelial cell growth. Our results show that in human endothelial cells (HUVEC), thalidomide-dependent decrease in cell growth was associated with decreased nuclear localization of CUL5. In HUVEC transfected with anti-VACM-1 siRNA, thalidomide failed to decrease cell growth. Previously it was established that the antiproliferative effect of CUL5 is inhibited in rat endothelial cells (RAMEC) transfected with mutated CUL5 which is constitutively modified by NEDD8, a ubiquitin-like protein. In this study, the antiproliferative response to thalidomide was compromised in RAMEC expressing mutated CUL5. These results suggest that CUL5 protein is involved in the thalidomide-dependent regulation of cellular proliferation in vitro. Consequently, CUL5 may be an important part of the mechanism for thalidomide-dependent inhibition of cellular proliferation, as well as a novel biomarker for predicting a response to thalidomide for the treatment of disorders such as multiple myeloma and HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Kunkler
- Department of Chemistry, Paul A. Schaap Science Center, Hope College, Holland, MI, United States of America
| | - Daniel Salamango
- Department of Chemistry, Paul A. Schaap Science Center, Hope College, Holland, MI, United States of America
| | - Zachary J DeBruine
- Department of Chemistry, Paul A. Schaap Science Center, Hope College, Holland, MI, United States of America
| | - Caitlin Ploch
- Department of Chemistry, Paul A. Schaap Science Center, Hope College, Holland, MI, United States of America
| | - Shirley Dean
- Department of Chemistry, Paul A. Schaap Science Center, Hope College, Holland, MI, United States of America
| | - David Grossens
- Department of Chemistry, Paul A. Schaap Science Center, Hope College, Holland, MI, United States of America
| | - Michael P Hledin
- Department of Chemistry, Paul A. Schaap Science Center, Hope College, Holland, MI, United States of America
| | - Gabriel A Marquez
- Department of Chemistry, Paul A. Schaap Science Center, Hope College, Holland, MI, United States of America
| | - Julie Madden
- Department of Chemistry, Paul A. Schaap Science Center, Hope College, Holland, MI, United States of America
| | - Abigayle Schnell
- Department of Chemistry, Paul A. Schaap Science Center, Hope College, Holland, MI, United States of America
| | - Michael Short
- Department of Chemistry, Paul A. Schaap Science Center, Hope College, Holland, MI, United States of America
| | - Maria A Burnatowska-Hledin
- Department of Chemistry, Paul A. Schaap Science Center, Hope College, Holland, MI, United States of America.,Department of Biology, Paul A. Schaap Science Center, Hope College, Holland, MI, United States of America
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20
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Shramova EI, Proshkina GM, Deyev SM. The Cause of ErbB2 Receptor Resistance to Downregulation. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162018030147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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21
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Ganetespib targets multiple levels of the receptor tyrosine kinase signaling cascade and preferentially inhibits ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6829. [PMID: 29717218 PMCID: PMC5931511 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25284-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Although ErbB2-targeted therapeutics have significantly improved ErbB2+ breast cancer patient outcomes, therapeutic resistance remains a significant challenge. Therefore, the development of novel ErbB2-targeting strategies is necessary. Importantly, ErbB2 is a sensitive client protein of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), which regulates client protein folding, maturation, and stabilization. HSP90 inhibition provides an alternative therapeutic strategy for ErbB2-targeted degradation. In particular, ganetespib, a novel HSP90 inhibitor, is a promising agent for ErbB2+ cancers. Nevertheless, the anti-cancer efficacy and clinical application of ganetespib for ErbB2+ breast cancer is largely unknown. In our study, we examined the anti-cancer effects of ganetespib on ErbB2+ BT474 and SKBR3 breast cancer cells, and isogenic paired cancer cell lines with lentivirus-mediated ErbB2 overexpression. Ganetespib potently inhibited cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, survival, and activation/phosphorylation of ErbB2 and key downstream effectors in ErbB2+ breast cancer cells. Moreover, ganetespib decreased the total protein levels of HSP90 client proteins and reduced ErbB2 protein half-life. ErbB2-overexpressing cancer cells were also more sensitive to ganetespib-mediated growth inhibition than parental cells. Ganetespib also strikingly potentiated the inhibitory effects of lapatinib in BT474 and SKBR3 cells. Ultimately, our results support the application of ganetespib-mediated HSP90 inhibition as a promising therapeutic strategy for ErbB2+ breast cancer.
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22
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Li Z, Zhou L, Prodromou C, Savic V, Pearl LH. HECTD3 Mediates an HSP90-Dependent Degradation Pathway for Protein Kinase Clients. Cell Rep 2018. [PMID: 28636940 PMCID: PMC5489699 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.05.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of the ATPase cycle of the HSP90 chaperone promotes ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation of its client proteins, which include many oncogenic protein kinases. This provides the rationale for HSP90 inhibitors as cancer therapeutics. However, the mechanism by which HSP90 ATPase inhibition triggers ubiquitylation is not understood, and the E3 ubiquitin ligases involved are largely unknown. Using a siRNA screen, we have identified components of two independent degradation pathways for the HSP90 client kinase CRAF. The first requires CUL5, Elongin B, and Elongin C, while the second requires the E3 ligase HECTD3, which is also involved in the degradation of MASTL and LKB1. HECTD3 associates with HSP90 and CRAF in cells via its N-terminal DOC domain, which is mutationally disrupted in tumor cells with activated MAP kinase signaling. Our data implicate HECTD3 as a tumor suppressor modulating the activity of this important oncogenic signaling pathway. siRNA screen identifies factors regulating HSP90-directed client degradation HECTD3 promotes CRAF degradation after HSP90 ATPase inhibition HECTD3 interacts with HSP90-CDC37-CRAF via its DOC domain CRAF-dependent tumor cells downregulate HECTD3 E3 ligase activity
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaobo Li
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QR, UK
| | - Lihong Zhou
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QR, UK
| | - Chrisostomos Prodromou
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QR, UK
| | - Velibor Savic
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QR, UK; Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9PX, UK
| | - Laurence H Pearl
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QR, UK.
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23
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Abstract
The cellular response to external stress signals and DNA damage depends on the activity of ubiquitin ligases (E3s), which regulate numerous cellular processes, including homeostasis, metabolism and cell cycle progression. E3s recognize, interact with and ubiquitylate protein substrates in a temporally and spatially regulated manner. The topology of the ubiquitin chains dictates the fate of the substrates, marking them for recognition and degradation by the proteasome or altering their subcellular localization or assembly into functional complexes. Both genetic and epigenetic alterations account for the deregulation of E3s in cancer. Consequently, the stability and/or activity of E3 substrates are also altered, in some cases leading to downregulation of tumour-suppressor activities and upregulation of oncogenic activities. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying E3 regulation and function in tumorigenesis is expected to identify novel prognostic markers and to enable the development of the next generation of anticancer therapies. This Review summarizes the oncogenic and tumour-suppressor roles of selected E3s and highlights novel opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Senft
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92130, USA
| | - Jianfei Qi
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Ze'ev A Ronai
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92130, USA
- Technion Integrated Cancer Center, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology Faculty of Medicine, Haifa 31096, Israel
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24
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Gil KE, Park CM. Protein quality control is essential for the circadian clock in plants. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2017; 12:e1407019. [PMID: 29172942 PMCID: PMC5792131 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2017.1407019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Extreme environmental conditions, such as heat and cold, often disturb cellular proteostasis, resulting in protein denaturation and oxidative damage that threaten cell viability. Therefore, living organisms have evolved versatile protein quality control mechanisms that clear damaged proteins from cellular compartments. It has been shown that a repertoire of molecular chaperones, including heat shock proteins (HSPs), works together with ubiquitin-proteasome systems in this biochemical process in animals and yeast. However, the protein quality control systems have not been well-characterized in plants. We have recently reported that the E3 ubiquitin ligase ZEITLUPE (ZTL), a central component of the plant circadian clock, constitutes a protein quality control system in conjunction with HSP90, which is responsible for clearing denatured protein aggregates at high temperatures. The ZTL-HSP90 protein complexes are colocalized in insoluble fractions in heat-exposed plants. Notably, lack of ZTL reduces protein polyubiquitination and disrupts the robustness of circadian rhythms under heat stress conditions, providing a novel role of ZTL: it mediates a heat-responsive protein quality control to sustain the clock function. We summarize the potential roles of ZTL in thermal responses and stability of the circadian clock in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Eun Gil
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chung-Mo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- CONTACT Chung-Mo Park Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
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25
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Regulation of the Tumor-Suppressor BECLIN 1 by Distinct Ubiquitination Cascades. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122541. [PMID: 29186924 PMCID: PMC5751144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy contributes to cellular homeostasis through the degradation of various intracellular targets such as proteins, organelles and microbes. This relates autophagy to various diseases such as infections, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. A central component of the autophagy machinery is the class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K-III) complex, which generates the signaling lipid phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P). The catalytic subunit of this complex is the lipid-kinase VPS34, which associates with the membrane-targeting factor VPS15 as well as the multivalent adaptor protein BECLIN 1. A growing list of regulatory proteins binds to BECLIN 1 and modulates the activity of the PI3K-III complex. Here we discuss the regulation of BECLIN 1 by several different types of ubiquitination, resulting in distinct polyubiquitin chain linkages catalyzed by a set of E3 ligases. This contribution is part of the Special Issue “Ubiquitin System”.
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26
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Gil KE, Kim WY, Lee HJ, Faisal M, Saquib Q, Alatar AA, Park CM. ZEITLUPE Contributes to a Thermoresponsive Protein Quality Control System in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2017; 29:2882-2894. [PMID: 29061867 PMCID: PMC5728135 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.17.00612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Cellular proteins undergo denaturation and oxidative damage under heat stress, forming insoluble aggregates that are toxic to cells. Plants possess versatile mechanisms to deal with insoluble protein aggregates. Denatured proteins are either renatured to their native conformations or removed from cellular compartments; these processes are often referred to as protein quality control. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) act as molecular chaperones that assist in the renaturation-degradation process. However, how protein aggregates are cleared from cells in plants is largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that heat-induced protein aggregates are removed by a protein quality control system that includes the ZEITLUPE (ZTL) E3 ubiquitin ligase, a central circadian clock component in Arabidopsis thaliana ZTL mediates the polyubiquitination of aggregated proteins, which leads to proteasomal degradation and enhances the thermotolerance of plants growing at high temperatures. The ZTL-defective ztl-105 mutant exhibited reduced thermotolerance, which was accompanied by a decline in polyubiquitination but an increase in protein aggregate formation. ZTL and its interacting partner HSP90 were cofractionated with insoluble aggregates under heat stress, indicating that ZTL contributes to the thermoresponsive protein quality control machinery. Notably, the circadian clock was hypersensitive to heat in ztl-105 We propose that ZTL-mediated protein quality control contributes to the thermal stability of the circadian clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Eun Gil
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08825, Korea
| | - Woe-Yeon Kim
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08825, Korea
| | - Mohammad Faisal
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Quaiser Saquib
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman A Alatar
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chung-Mo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08825, Korea
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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27
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Kevei É, Pokrzywa W, Hoppe T. Repair or destruction-an intimate liaison between ubiquitin ligases and molecular chaperones in proteostasis. FEBS Lett 2017; 591:2616-2635. [PMID: 28699655 PMCID: PMC5601288 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cellular differentiation, developmental processes, and environmental factors challenge the integrity of the proteome in every eukaryotic cell. The maintenance of protein homeostasis, or proteostasis, involves folding and degradation of damaged proteins, and is essential for cellular function, organismal growth, and viability 1, 2. Misfolded proteins that cannot be refolded by chaperone machineries are degraded by specialized proteolytic systems. A major degradation pathway regulating cellular proteostasis is the ubiquitin (Ub)/proteasome system (UPS), which regulates turnover of damaged proteins that accumulate upon stress and during aging. Despite a large number of structurally unrelated substrates, Ub conjugation is remarkably selective. Substrate selectivity is mainly provided by the group of E3 enzymes. Several observations indicate that numerous E3 Ub ligases intimately collaborate with molecular chaperones to maintain the cellular proteome. In this review, we provide an overview of specialized quality control E3 ligases playing a critical role in the degradation of damaged proteins. The process of substrate recognition and turnover, the type of chaperones they team up with, and the potential pathogeneses associated with their malfunction will be further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Kevei
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, UK
| | - Wojciech Pokrzywa
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, Poland
| | - Thorsten Hoppe
- Institute for Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Germany
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28
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Tong J, Tan S, Nikolovska-Coleska Z, Yu J, Zou F, Zhang L. FBW7-Dependent Mcl-1 Degradation Mediates the Anticancer Effect of Hsp90 Inhibitors. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:1979-1988. [PMID: 28619760 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is widely overexpressed in cancer cells and necessary for maintenance of malignant phenotypes. Hsp90 inhibition induces tumor cell death through degradation of its client oncoproteins and has shown promises in preclinical studies. However, the mechanism by which Hsp90 inhibitors kill tumor cells is not well-understood. Biomarkers associated with differential sensitivity and resistance to Hsp90 inhibitors remain to be identified. In this study, we found that colorectal cancer cells containing inactivating mutations of FBW7, a tumor suppressor and E3 ubiquitin ligase, are intrinsically insensitive to Hsp90 inhibitors. The insensitive colorectal cancer cells lack degradation of Mcl-1, a prosurvival Bcl-2 family protein. Hsp90 inhibition promotes GSK3β-dependent phosphorylation of Mcl-1, which subsequently binds to FBW7 and undergoes ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Specifically blocking Mcl-1 phosphorylation by genetic knock-in abrogates its degradation and renders in vitro and in vivo resistance to Hsp90 inhibitors, which can be overcame by Mcl-1-selective small-molecule inhibitors. Collectively, our findings demonstrate a key role of GSK3β/FBW7-dependent Mcl-1 degradation in killing of colorectal cancer cells by Hsp90 inhibitors and suggest FBW7 mutational status as a biomarker for Hsp90-targeted therapy. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(9); 1979-88. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingshan Tong
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Shuai Tan
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | | | - Jian Yu
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Fangdong Zou
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Lin Zhang
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. .,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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29
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Liu H, Liu Z, Wang Y, Stinchcombe TE, Owzar K, Han Y, Hung RJ, Brhane Y, McLaughlin J, Brennan P, Bickeböller H, Rosenberger A, Houlston RS, Caporaso N, Landi MT, Brüske I, Risch A, Wu X, Ye Y, Christiani DC, Amos CI, Wei Q. Functional variants in DCAF4 associated with lung cancer risk in European populations. Carcinogenesis 2017; 38:541-551. [PMID: 28383684 PMCID: PMC6074950 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases (CRLs) responsible for substrate specificity of ubiquitination play a key role in cell-cycle control and DNA damage response. In this study, we assessed associations between 16 599 SNPs in 115 CRL genes and lung cancer risk by using summary data of six published genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of 12 160 cases and 16 838 cases of European ancestry. As a result, we identified three independent SNPs in DCAF4 (rs117781739, rs12587742 and rs2240980) associated with lung cancer risk (odds ratio = 0.91, 1.09 and 1.09, respectively; 95% confidence interval = 0.88-0.95, 1.05-1.14 and 1.05-1.13, respectively; and P = 3.99 × 10-6, 4.97 × 10-5 and 1.44 × 10-5, respectively) after multiple comparison correction by a false discovery rate <0.05. Since SNP rs12587742 is located within the promoter region and one CpG island of DCAF4, we further performed in silico functional analyses and found that the rs12587742 variant A allele was associated with an increased mRNA expression (P = 2.20 × 10-16, 1.79 × 10-13 and 0.001 in blood cells, normal lung tissues and tumor tissues of lung squamous carcinoma, respectively) and a decreased methylation status (P = 2.48 × 10-9 and 0.032 in adipose and lung tumor tissues, respectively). Moreover, evidence from differential expression analyses further supported an oncogenic effect of DCAF4 on lung cancer, with higher mRNA levels in both lung squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma (P = 4.48 × 10-11 and 1.22 × 10-9, respectively) than in adjacent normal tissues. Taken together, our results suggest that rs12587742 is associated with an increased lung cancer risk, possibly by up-regulating mRNA expression and decreasing methylation status of DCAF4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Liu
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Zhensheng Liu
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yanru Wang
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Thomas E Stinchcombe
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kouros Owzar
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Younghun Han
- Community and Family Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5,Canada
| | - Yonathan Brhane
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5,Canada
| | | | - Paul Brennan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Heike Bickeböller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Albert Rosenberger
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, the Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Neil Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Maria T Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Irene Brüske
- Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology I, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Angela Risch
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yuanqing Ye
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - David C Christiani
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA and
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Community and Family Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Qingyi Wei
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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30
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Analysis of Argonaute Complex Bound mRNAs in DU145 Prostate Carcinoma Cells Reveals New miRNA Target Genes. Prostate Cancer 2017; 2017:4893921. [PMID: 28163933 PMCID: PMC5253174 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4893921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttranscriptional gene regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs) contributes to the induction and maintenance of prostate carcinoma (PCa). To identify mRNAs enriched or removed from Ago2-containing RISC complexes, these complexes were immunoprecipitated from normal prostate fibroblasts (PNFs) and the PCa line DU145 and the bound mRNAs were quantified by microarray. The analysis of Ago complexes derived from PNFs or DU145 confirmed the enrichment or depletion of a variety of mRNAs already known from the literature to be deregulated. Novel potential targets were analyzed by luciferase assays with miRNAs known to be deregulated in PCa. We demonstrate that the mRNAs of the death effector domain-containing protein (DEDD), the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 10b protein (TNFRSF10B), the tumor protein p53 inducible nuclear protein 1 (TP53INP1), and the secreted protein, acidic, cysteine-rich (SPARC; osteonectin) are regulated by miRNAs miR-148a, miR-20a, miR-24, and miR-29a/b, respectively. Therefore, these miRNAs represent potential targets for therapy. Surprisingly, overexpression of miR-24 induced focus formation and proliferation of DU145 cells, while miR-29b reduced proliferation. The study confirms genes deregulated in PCa by virtue of their presence/absence in the Ago2-complex. In conjunction with the already published miRNA profiles of PCa, the data can be used to identify miRNA-regulated mRNAs.
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31
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Peng YJ, Huang JJ, Wu HH, Hsieh HY, Wu CY, Chen SC, Chen TY, Tang CY. Regulation of CLC-1 chloride channel biosynthesis by FKBP8 and Hsp90β. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32444. [PMID: 27580824 PMCID: PMC5007535 DOI: 10.1038/srep32444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in human CLC-1 chloride channel are associated with the skeletal muscle disorder myotonia congenita. The disease-causing mutant A531V manifests enhanced proteasomal degradation of CLC-1. We recently found that CLC-1 degradation is mediated by cullin 4 ubiquitin ligase complex. It is currently unclear how quality control and protein degradation systems coordinate with each other to process the biosynthesis of CLC-1. Herein we aim to ascertain the molecular nature of the protein quality control system for CLC-1. We identified three CLC-1-interacting proteins that are well-known heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90)-associated co-chaperones: FK506-binding protein 8 (FKBP8), activator of Hsp90 ATPase homolog 1 (Aha1), and Hsp70/Hsp90 organizing protein (HOP). These co-chaperones promote both the protein level and the functional expression of CLC-1 wild-type and A531V mutant. CLC-1 biosynthesis is also facilitated by the molecular chaperones Hsc70 and Hsp90β. The protein stability of CLC-1 is notably increased by FKBP8 and the Hsp90β inhibitor 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) that substantially suppresses cullin 4 expression. We further confirmed that cullin 4 may interact with Hsp90β and FKBP8. Our data are consistent with the idea that FKBP8 and Hsp90β play an essential role in the late phase of CLC-1 quality control by dynamically coordinating protein folding and degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jheng Peng
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Jia Huang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Han Wu
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ying Hsieh
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ying Wu
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ching Chen
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yu Chen
- Neuroscience Center, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Chih-Yung Tang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ding G, Chen P, Zhang H, Huang X, Zang Y, Li J, Li J, Wong J. Regulation of Ubiquitin-like with Plant Homeodomain and RING Finger Domain 1 (UHRF1) Protein Stability by Heat Shock Protein 90 Chaperone Machinery. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:20125-35. [PMID: 27489107 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.727214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As a protein critical for DNA maintenance methylation and cell proliferation, UHRF1 is frequently highly expressed in various human cancers and is considered as a drug target for cancer therapy. In a high throughput screening for small molecules that induce UHRF1 protein degradation, we have identified the HSP90 inhibitor 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG). We present evidence that UHRF1 interacts with HSP90 chaperone complex and is a novel HSP90 client protein. Pharmacological inhibition of HSP90 with 17-AAG or 17-dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin results in UHRF1 ubiquitination and proteasome-dependent degradation. Interestingly, this HSP90 inhibitor-induced UHRF1 degradation is independent of CHIP and CUL5, two previously identified ubiquitin E3 ligases for HSP90 client proteins. In addition, this degradation is dependent neither on the intrinsic E3 ligase of UHRF1 nor on the E3 ligase SCF(β-TRCP) that has been implicated in regulation of UHRF1 stability. We also provide evidence that HSP90 inhibitors may suppress cancer cell proliferation in part through its induced UHRF1 degradation. Taken together, our results identify UHRF1 as a novel HSP90 client protein and shed light on the regulation of UHRF1 stability and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangjin Ding
- From the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241
| | - Peilin Chen
- From the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241
| | - Hui Zhang
- From the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241
| | - Xiaojie Huang
- the National Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, and
| | - Yi Zang
- the National Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, and
| | - Jiwen Li
- From the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241
| | - Jia Li
- the National Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, and
| | - Jiemin Wong
- From the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, the Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
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33
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Li T, Mao J, Huang L, Fu H, Chen S, Liu A, Liang Y. Huaiqihuang may protect from proteinuria by resisting MPC5 podocyte damage via targeting p-ERK/CHOP pathway. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2016; 16:193-200. [PMID: 27186971 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2016.887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential effects of Huaiqihuang (HQH) granule, a Chinese herbal medicine, in treating proteinuria and to reveal its possible mechanism. MPC5 podocytes were cultured in vitro at 37°C and induced with tunicamycin (TM). The TM-induced cells were treated with HQH at different concentrations. The cell proliferation was detected using the MTT assay. The optimal effective dose of HQH for MPC5 cells was determined by the MTT assay and LDH assay respectively. The influences of HQH on the proteinuria-related protein expression and the signaling pathway associated protein expression were also detected using quantitative reverse transcription PCR and Western blotting analysis. The results showed that the MPC5 cell model was successfully constructed in vitro. The HQH application could improve the harmful effects induced by TM on the MPC5 cells, including promoted cell proliferation and suppressed cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the protein expression, including podocin, nephrin, and synaptopodin was down-regulated by the TM treatment in the MPC5 cells. On contrary, the expression of these proteins was up-regulated after the HQH application. Also, the effect of TM on integrin α3 and integrin β1 expressions was also reversed by the HQH treatment. Moreover, the HQH application decreased the expression of p-ERK and DNA-damage-inducible transcript 3 (DDIT3 or CHOP) in the MPC5 cells, which was opposite to the effect observed in the cells treated with TM. Taken together, our study suggest that HQH application may protect podocytes from TM damage by suppressing the p-ERK/CHOP signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingxia Li
- The Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Okumura F, Joo-Okumura A, Nakatsukasa K, Kamura T. The role of cullin 5-containing ubiquitin ligases. Cell Div 2016; 11:1. [PMID: 27030794 PMCID: PMC4812663 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-016-0016-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) box consists of the BC box and the cullin 5 (Cul5) box, which interact with Elongin BC and Cul5, respectively. SOCS box-containing proteins have ubiquitin ligase activity mediated by the formation of a complex with the scaffold protein Cul5 and the RING domain protein Rbx2, and are thereby members of the cullin RING ligase superfamily. Cul5-type ubiquitin ligases have a variety of substrates that are targeted for polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Here, we review the current knowledge on the identification of Cul5 and the regulation of its expression, as well as the signaling pathways regulated by Cul5 and how viruses highjack the Cul5 system to overcome antiviral responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Okumura
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602 Japan
| | - Akiko Joo-Okumura
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602 Japan
| | - Kunio Nakatsukasa
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602 Japan
| | - Takumi Kamura
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602 Japan
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Hernandez MA, Patel B, Hey F, Giblett S, Davis H, Pritchard C. Regulation of BRAF protein stability by a negative feedback loop involving the MEK-ERK pathway but not the FBXW7 tumour suppressor. Cell Signal 2016; 28:561-71. [PMID: 26898828 PMCID: PMC6399479 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The V600EBRAF oncogenic mutation is detected in a wide range of human cancers and induces hyperactivation of the downstream MEK–ERK signalling cascade. Although output of the BRAF–MEK–ERK pathway is regulated by feed-forward RAF activity, feedback control also plays an important role. One such feedback pathway has been identified in Caenorhabditis elegans and involves ERK-mediated phosphorylation of BRAF within a CDC4 phosphodegron (CPD), targeting BRAF for degradation via CDC4 (also known as FBXW7), a component of the SKP1/CUL1/F-box (SCF) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Here we investigate this pathway in mammalian cells. Short-term expression of autochthonous V600EBRAF in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) leads to down-regulation of BRAF protein levels in a proteasome-dependent manner and V600EBRAF has a reduced half-life compared to WTBRAF in HEK293T cells. These effects were reversed by treatment with the MEK inhibitor PD184352. We have identified the equivalent CPD at residues 400–405 in human BRAF and have found that mutation of ERK phosphorylation sites at residues T401 and S405 in V600EBRAF increases the half-life of the protein. While BRAF and FBXW7 co-immunoprecipitated, the overexpression of FBXW7 did not influence the half-life of either WTBRAF or V600EBRAF. Furthermore, disruption of the substrate-binding site of mouse FBXW7 using the R482Q mutation did not affect the interaction with BRAF and the expression levels of WTBRAF and V600EBRAF were not altered in MEFs derived from mice with the homozygous knockin R482QFBXW7 mutation. Overall these data confirm the existence of a negative feedback pathway by which BRAF protein stability is regulated by ERK. However, unlike the situation in C. elegans, FBXW7 does not play a unique role in mediating subsequent BRAF degradation. Expression of oncogenic V600EBRAF down-regulates BRAF expression at the protein level. V600EBRAF has a shorter half-life than WTBRAF. BRAF protein stability is subjected to feedback control by the MEK/ERK pathway. This feedback pathway is associated with the oncogene-induced senescence phenotype. ERK phosphorylation sites at T401 and S405 within a conserved CDC4 (FBXW7) phosphodegron of BRAF are involved in the feedback control pathway. The FBXW7 substrate recognition component of the SKP1/CUL1/F-box (SCF) complex binds to BRAF but is not uniquely involved in the regulation of its protein turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Aguilar Hernandez
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Bipin Patel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Fiona Hey
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Susan Giblett
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Hayley Davis
- Gastrointestinal Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford University, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Catrin Pritchard
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; Department of Cancer Studies, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
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36
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Butler LM, Ferraldeschi R, Armstrong HK, Centenera MM, Workman P. Maximizing the Therapeutic Potential of HSP90 Inhibitors. Mol Cancer Res 2015; 13:1445-51. [PMID: 26219697 PMCID: PMC4645455 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-15-0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
HSP90 is required for maintaining the stability and activity of a diverse group of client proteins, including protein kinases, transcription factors, and steroid hormone receptors involved in cell signaling, proliferation, survival, oncogenesis, and cancer progression. Inhibition of HSP90 alters the HSP90-client protein complex, leading to reduced activity, misfolding, ubiquitination, and, ultimately, proteasomal degradation of client proteins. HSP90 inhibitors have demonstrated significant antitumor activity in a wide variety of preclinical models, with evidence of selectivity for cancer versus normal cells. In the clinic, however, the efficacy of this class of therapeutic agents has been relatively limited to date, with promising responses mainly observed in breast and lung cancer, but no major activity seen in other tumor types. In addition, adverse events and some significant toxicities have been documented. Key to improving these clinical outcomes is a better understanding of the cellular consequences of inhibiting HSP90 that may underlie treatment response or resistance. This review considers the recent progress that has been made in the study of HSP90 and its inhibitors and highlights new opportunities to maximize their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Butler
- School of Medicine and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, University of Adelaide, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Roberta Ferraldeschi
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom. Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Heather K Armstrong
- School of Medicine and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, University of Adelaide, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Margaret M Centenera
- School of Medicine and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, University of Adelaide, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Paul Workman
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
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37
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Busacca S, Law EWP, Powley IR, Proia DA, Sequeira M, Le Quesne J, Klabatsa A, Edwards JM, Matchett KB, Luo JL, Pringle JH, El-Tanani M, MacFarlane M, Fennell DA. Resistance to HSP90 inhibition involving loss of MCL1 addiction. Oncogene 2015; 35:1483-92. [PMID: 26096930 PMCID: PMC4819782 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of the chaperone heat-shock protein 90 (HSP90) induces apoptosis, and it is a promising anti-cancer strategy. The mechanisms underpinning apoptosis activation following HSP90 inhibition and how they are modified during acquired drug resistance are unknown. We show for the first time that, to induce apoptosis, HSP90 inhibition requires the cooperation of multi BH3-only proteins (BID, BIK, PUMA) and the reciprocal suppression of the pro-survival BCL-2 family member MCL1, which occurs via inhibition of STAT5A. A subset of tumour cell lines exhibit dependence on MCL1 expression for survival and this dependence is also associated with tumour response to HSP90 inhibition. In the acquired resistance setting, MCL1 suppression in response to HSP90 inhibitors is maintained; however, a switch in MCL1 dependence occurs. This can be exploited by the BH3 peptidomimetic ABT737, through non-BCL-2-dependent synthetic lethality.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Busacca
- Department of Cancer Studies, Cancer Research UK Leicester Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - E W P Law
- Department of Cancer Studies, Cancer Research UK Leicester Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | - D A Proia
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, MA, USA
| | - M Sequeira
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, MA, USA
| | - J Le Quesne
- Department of Cancer Studies, Cancer Research UK Leicester Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.,MRC Toxicology Unit, Leicester, UK
| | - A Klabatsa
- Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - K B Matchett
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - J L Luo
- Department of Cancer Studies, Cancer Research UK Leicester Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - J H Pringle
- Department of Cancer Studies, Cancer Research UK Leicester Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - M El-Tanani
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, School of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | | | - D A Fennell
- Department of Cancer Studies, Cancer Research UK Leicester Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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38
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Liu Y, Ao X, Jia Z, Bai XY, Xu Z, Hu G, Jiang X, Chen M, Wu H. FOXK2 transcription factor suppresses ERα-positive breast cancer cell growth through down-regulating the stability of ERα via mechanism involving BRCA1/BARD1. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8796. [PMID: 25740706 PMCID: PMC4350111 DOI: 10.1038/srep08796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptors (ERs) are critical regulators of breast cancer development. Identification of molecules that regulate the function of ERs may facilitate the development of more effective breast cancer treatment strategies. In this study, we showed that the forkhead transcription factor FOXK2 interacted with ERα, and inhibited ERα-regulated transcriptional activities by enhancing the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of ERα. This process involved the interaction between FOXK2 and BRCA1/BARD1, the E3 ubiquitin ligase of ERα. FOXK2 interacted with BARD1 and acted as a scaffold protein for BRCA1/BARD1 and ERα, leading to enhanced degradation of ERα, which eventually accounted for its decreased transcriptional activity. Consistent with these observations, overexpression of FOXK2 inhibited the transcriptional activity of ERα, decreased the transcription of ERα target genes, and suppressed the proliferation of ERα-positive breast cancer cells. In contract, knockdown of FOXK2 in MCF-7 cells promoted cell proliferation. However, when ERα was also knocked down, knockdown of FOXK2 had no effect on cell proliferation. These findings suggested that FOXK2 might act as a negative regulator of ERα, and its association with both ERα and BRCA1/BARD1 could lead to the down-regulation of ERα transcriptional activity, effectively regulating the function of ERα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhaojun Jia
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Bai
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhaowei Xu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Gaolei Hu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Min Chen
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Huijian Wu
- 1] School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China [2] School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 114221, Liaoning, China
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39
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A. Karpov O, W. Fearnley G, A. Smith G, Kankanala J, J. McPherson M, C. Tomlinson D, A. Harrison M, Ponnambalam S. Receptor tyrosine kinase structure and function in health and disease. AIMS BIOPHYSICS 2015. [DOI: 10.3934/biophy.2015.4.476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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40
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Reidick C, El Magraoui F, Meyer HE, Stenmark H, Platta HW. Regulation of the Tumor-Suppressor Function of the Class III Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Complex by Ubiquitin and SUMO. Cancers (Basel) 2014; 7:1-29. [PMID: 25545884 PMCID: PMC4381249 DOI: 10.3390/cancers7010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of cancer is often associated with a dysfunction in one of the three central membrane-involution processes—autophagy, endocytosis or cytokinesis. Interestingly, all three pathways are controlled by the same central signaling module: the class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K-III) complex and its catalytic product, the phosphorylated lipid phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P). The activity of the catalytic subunit of the PI3K-III complex, the lipid-kinase VPS34, requires the presence of the membrane-targeting factor VPS15 as well as the adaptor protein Beclin 1. Furthermore, a growing list of regulatory proteins associates with VPS34 via Beclin 1. These accessory factors define distinct subunit compositions and thereby guide the PI3K-III complex to its different cellular and physiological roles. Here we discuss the regulation of the PI3K-III complex components by ubiquitination and SUMOylation. Especially Beclin 1 has emerged as a highly regulated protein, which can be modified with Lys11-, Lys48- or Lys63-linked polyubiquitin chains catalyzed by distinct E3 ligases from the RING-, HECT-, RBR- or Cullin-type. We also point out other cross-links of these ligases with autophagy in order to discuss how these data might be merged into a general concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Reidick
- Biochemie Intrazellulärer Transportprozesse, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum 44801, Germany.
| | - Fouzi El Magraoui
- Biomedical Research, Human Brain Proteomics II, Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS, Dortmund 44139, Germany.
| | - Helmut E Meyer
- Biomedical Research, Human Brain Proteomics II, Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS, Dortmund 44139, Germany.
| | - Harald Stenmark
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, Oslo 0310, Norway.
| | - Harald W Platta
- Biochemie Intrazellulärer Transportprozesse, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum 44801, Germany.
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41
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Blagg J, Workman P. Chemical biology approaches to target validation in cancer. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2014; 17:87-100. [PMID: 25175311 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2014.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Target validation is a crucial element of drug discovery. Especially given the wealth of potential targets emerging from cancer genome sequencing and functional genetic screens, and also considering the time and cost of downstream drug discovery efforts, it is essential to build confidence in a proposed target, ideally using different technical approaches. We argue that complementary biological and chemical biology strategies are essential for robust target validation. We discuss recent progress in the discovery and application of high quality chemical tools and other chemical biology approaches to target validation in cancer. Among other topical examples, we highlight the emergence of designed irreversible chemical tools to study potential target proteins and oncogenic pathways that were hitherto regarded as poorly druggable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Blagg
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
| | - Paul Workman
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
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42
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Bertelsen V, Stang E. The Mysterious Ways of ErbB2/HER2 Trafficking. MEMBRANES 2014; 4:424-46. [PMID: 25102001 PMCID: PMC4194043 DOI: 10.3390/membranes4030424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The EGFR- or ErbB-family of receptor tyrosine kinases consists of EGFR/ErbB1, ErbB2/HER2, ErbB3/HER3 and ErbB4/HER4. Receptor activation and downstream signaling are generally initiated upon ligand-induced receptor homo- or heterodimerization at the plasma membrane, and endocytosis and intracellular membrane transport are crucial for regulation of the signaling outcome. Among the receptors, ErbB2 is special in several ways. Unlike the others, ErbB2 has no known ligand, but is still the favored dimerization partner. Furthermore, while the other receptors are down-regulated either constitutively or upon ligand-binding, ErbB2 is resistant to down-regulation, and also inhibits down-regulation of its partner upon heterodimerization. The reason(s) why ErbB2 is resistant to down-regulation are the subject of debate. Contrary to other ErbB-proteins, mature ErbB2 needs Hsp90 as chaperone. Several data suggest that Hsp90 is an important regulator of factors like ErbB2 stability, dimerization and/or signaling. Hsp90 inhibitors induce degradation of ErbB2, but whether Hsp90 directly makes ErbB2 endocytosis resistant is unclear. Exposure to anti-ErbB2 antibodies can also induce down-regulation of ErbB2. Down-regulation induced by Hsp90 inhibitors or antibodies does at least partly involve internalization and endosomal sorting to lysosomes for degradation, but also retrograde trafficking to the nucleus has been reported. In this review, we will discuss different molecular mechanisms suggested to be important for making ErbB2 resistant to down-regulation, and review how membrane trafficking is involved when down-regulation and/or relocalization of ErbB2 is induced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibeke Bertelsen
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Post Box 4950 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Espen Stang
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Post Box 4950 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
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43
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Burnatowska-Hledin MA, Barney CC. New insights into the mechanism for VACM-1/cul5 expression in vascular tissue in vivo. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 313:79-101. [PMID: 25376490 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800177-6.00003-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vasopressin-activated calcium-mobilizing (VACM-1)/cul5 is the least conserved member of a cullin protein family involved in the formation of E3-specific ligase complexes that are responsible for delivering the ubiquitin protein to their target substrate proteins selected for ubiquitin-dependent degradation. This chapter summarizes work to date that has focused on VACM-1/cul5's tissue-specific expression in vivo and on its potential role in the control of specific cellular signaling pathways in those structures. As mammalian cells may contain hundreds of E3 ligases, identification VACM-1/cul5 as a specific subunit of the system that is expressed in the endothelium and in collecting tubules, structures known for their control of cellular permeability, may have significant implications when designing studies to elucidate the mechanism of water conservation. For example, VACM-1/cul5 expression is affected by water deprivation in some tissues and there is a potential relationship between neddylated VACM-1/cul5 and aquaporins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Burnatowska-Hledin
- Department of Biology, Hope College, Holland, MI, USA; Department of Chemistry, Hope College, Holland, MI, USA
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