1
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Santisteban Celis IC, Matoba N. Lectibodies as antivirals. Antiviral Res 2024; 227:105901. [PMID: 38734211 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Growing concerns regarding the emergence of highly transmissible viral diseases highlight the urgent need to expand the repertoire of antiviral therapeutics. For this reason, new strategies for neutralizing and inhibiting these viruses are necessary. A promising approach involves targeting the glycans present on the surfaces of enveloped viruses. Lectins, known for their ability to recognize specific carbohydrate molecules, offer the potential for glycan-targeted antiviral strategies. Indeed, numerous studies have reported the antiviral effects of various lectins of both endogenous and exogenous origins. However, many lectins in their natural forms, are not suitable for use as antiviral therapeutics due to toxicity, other unfavorable pharmacological effects, and/or unreliable manufacturing sources. Therefore, improvements are crucial for employing lectins as effective antiviral therapeutics. A novel approach to enhance lectins' suitability as pharmaceuticals could be the generation of recombinant lectin-Fc fusion proteins, termed "lectibodies." In this review, we discuss the scientific rationale behind lectin-based antiviral strategies and explore how lectibodies could facilitate the development of new antiviral therapeutics. We will also share our perspective on the potential of these molecules to transcend their potential use as antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Carlosalberto Santisteban Celis
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA; Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Nobuyuki Matoba
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA; Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA; UofL Health - Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
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2
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Domma AJ, Henderson LA, Nurdin JA, Kamil JP. Uncloaking the viral glycocalyx: How do viruses exploit glycoimmune checkpoints? Adv Virus Res 2024; 119:63-110. [PMID: 38897709 PMCID: PMC11192240 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The surfaces of cells and enveloped viruses alike are coated in carbohydrates that play multifarious roles in infection and immunity. Organisms across all kingdoms of life make use of a diverse set of monosaccharide subunits, glycosidic linkages, and branching patterns to encode information within glycans. Accordingly, sugar-patterning enzymes and glycan binding proteins play integral roles in cell and organismal biology, ranging from glycoprotein quality control within the endoplasmic reticulum to lymphocyte migration, coagulation, inflammation, and tissue homeostasis. Unsurprisingly, genes involved in generating and recognizing oligosaccharide patterns are playgrounds for evolutionary conflicts that abound in cross-species interactions, exemplified by the myriad plant lectins that function as toxins. In vertebrates, glycans bearing acidic nine-carbon sugars called sialic acids are key regulators of immune responses. Various bacterial and fungal pathogens adorn their cells in sialic acids that either mimic their hosts' or are stolen from them. Yet, how viruses commandeer host sugar-patterning enzymes to thwart immune responses remains poorly studied. Here, we review examples of viruses that interact with sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs), a family of immune cell receptors that regulate toll-like receptor signaling and govern glycoimmune checkpoints, while highlighting knowledge gaps that merit investigation. Efforts to illuminate how viruses leverage glycan-dependent checkpoints may translate into new clinical treatments that uncloak viral antigens and infected cell surfaces by removing or masking immunosuppressive sialoglycans, or by inhibiting viral gene products that induce their biosynthesis. Such approaches may hold the potential to unleash the immune system to clear long intractable chronic viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Domma
- LSU Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | | | - Jeffery A Nurdin
- LSU Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Jeremy P Kamil
- LSU Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States.
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3
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Kokubu R, Ohno S, Manabe N, Yamaguchi Y. Solution NMR Analysis of O-Glycopeptide-Antibody Interaction. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2763:321-327. [PMID: 38347421 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3670-1_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
O-Linked glycans potentially play a functional role in cellular recognition events. Recent structural analyses suggest that O-glycosylation can be a specific signal for a lectin receptor which recognizes both the O-glycan and the adjacent polypeptide region. Further, certain antibodies specifically bind to the O-glycosylated peptide. There is growing interest in the mechanism by which O-glycans on proteins are specifically recognized by lectins and antibodies. The recognition system may be common to many O-glycosylated proteins; however, there is limited 3D structural information on the dual recognition of glycan and protein. This chapter describes a solution NMR analysis of the interaction between MUC1 O-glycopeptide and anti-MUC1 antibody MY.1E12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoka Kokubu
- Division of Structural Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shiho Ohno
- Division of Structural Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Manabe
- Division of Structural Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Division of Structural Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan.
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4
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Rahangdale R, Tender T, Balireddy S, Goswami K, Pasupuleti M, Hariharapura RC. A critical review on antiviral peptides derived from viral glycoproteins and host receptors to decoy herpes simplex virus. Microb Biotechnol 2023; 16:2036-2052. [PMID: 37740682 PMCID: PMC10616652 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The health of the human population has been continuously challenged by viral infections. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is one of the common causes of illness and can lead to death in immunocompromised patients. Existing anti-HSV therapies are not completely successful in eliminating the infection due to anti-viral drug resistance, ineffectiveness against the latent virus and high toxicity over prolonged use. There is a need to update our knowledge of the current challenges faced in anti-HSV therapeutics and realize the necessity of developing alternative treatment approaches. Protein therapeutics are now being explored as a novel approach due to their high specificity and low toxicity. This review highlights the significance of HSV viral glycoproteins and host receptors in the pathogenesis of HSV infection. Proteins or peptides derived from HSV glycoproteins gC, gB, gD, gH and host cell receptors (HSPG, nectin and HVEM) that act as decoys to inhibit HSV attachment, entry, or fusion have been discussed. Few researchers have tried to improve the efficacy and stability of the identified peptides by modifying them using a peptidomimetic approach. With these efforts, we think developing an alternative treatment option for immunocompromised patients and drug-resistant organisms is not far off.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Rahangdale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnatakaIndia
| | - Tenzin Tender
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnatakaIndia
| | - Sridevi Balireddy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnatakaIndia
| | - Kamini Goswami
- Microbiology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchCentral Drug Research InstituteLucknowUttar PradeshIndia
| | - Mukesh Pasupuleti
- Microbiology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchCentral Drug Research InstituteLucknowUttar PradeshIndia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)GhaziabadIndia
| | - Raghu Chandrashekar Hariharapura
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnatakaIndia
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5
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Olofsson S, Bally M, Trybala E, Bergström T. Structure and Role of O-Linked Glycans in Viral Envelope Proteins. Annu Rev Virol 2023; 10:283-304. [PMID: 37285578 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-virology-111821-121007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
N- and O-glycans are both important constituents of viral envelope glycoproteins. O-linked glycosylation can be initiated by any of 20 different human polypeptide O-acetylgalactosaminyl transferases, resulting in an important functional O-glycan heterogeneity. O-glycans are organized as solitary glycans or in clusters of multiple glycans forming mucin-like domains. They are functional both in the viral life cycle and in viral colonization of their host. Negatively charged O-glycans are crucial for the interactions between glycosaminoglycan-binding viruses and their host. A novel mechanism, based on controlled electrostatic repulsion, explains how such viruses solve the conflict between optimized viral attachment to target cells and efficient egress of progeny virus. Conserved solitary O-glycans appear important for viral uptake in target cells by contributing to viral envelope fusion. Dual roles of viral O-glycans in the host B cell immune response, either epitope blocking or epitope promoting, may be exploitable for vaccine development. Finally, specific virus-induced O-glycans may be involved in viremic spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigvard Olofsson
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Marta Bally
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine and Umeå Centre for Microbial Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Edward Trybala
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Tomas Bergström
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden;
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Li Q, Yang Z, He X, Yang X. Comprehensive analysis of PILRΑ's association with the prognosis, tumor immune infiltration, and immunotherapy in pan-cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14334. [PMID: 37652967 PMCID: PMC10471747 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41649-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Paired immunoglobulin-like type 2 receptor alpha (PILRA) plays a vital role in regulating broad immune responses. However, the roles of PILRA in cancer immunity remain unexplored yet. In the current study, we comprehensively analyzed the oncogenic and immunologic roles of PILRA at a pan-cancer level based on the Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus datasets. PILRA was significantly dysregulated and frequently mutated in pan-cancer. Its expression and mutation status significantly impacted patient prognosis in several cancers. Besides, PILRA expression was positively correlated with ESTIMATE scores and the abundances of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Concurrently, PILRA expression was significantly associated with predictive biomarkers of cancer immunotherapy, and positively correlated with the prognostic outcomes of cancer patients receiving immunotherapy. Mechanistically, enrichment analysis implied that PILRA might be involved in the regulation of immune response and metabolic process. This study uncovered the immunological roles of PILRA in cancers and its potential as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Li
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China
| | - Zhirong Yang
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China
| | - Xiaoyan He
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Surgery, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China.
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7
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Smith BAH, Bertozzi CR. The clinical impact of glycobiology: targeting selectins, Siglecs and mammalian glycans. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2021; 20:217-243. [PMID: 33462432 PMCID: PMC7812346 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-020-00093-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates - namely glycans - decorate every cell in the human body and most secreted proteins. Advances in genomics, glycoproteomics and tools from chemical biology have made glycobiology more tractable and understandable. Dysregulated glycosylation plays a major role in disease processes from immune evasion to cognition, sparking research that aims to target glycans for therapeutic benefit. The field is now poised for a boom in drug development. As a harbinger of this activity, glycobiology has already produced several drugs that have improved human health or are currently being translated to the clinic. Focusing on three areas - selectins, Siglecs and glycan-targeted antibodies - this Review aims to tell the stories behind therapies inspired by glycans and to outline how the lessons learned from these approaches are paving the way for future glycobiology-focused therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A H Smith
- Department of Chemical & Systems Biology and ChEM-H, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Carolyn R Bertozzi
- Department of Chemical & Systems Biology and ChEM-H, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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8
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Biophysical research in Hokkaido University, Japan. Biophys Rev 2020; 12:233-236. [PMID: 32347462 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-020-00649-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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9
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Manabe Y, Marchetti R, Takakura Y, Nagasaki M, Nihei W, Takebe T, Tanaka K, Kabayama K, Chiodo F, Hanashima S, Kamada Y, Miyoshi E, Dulal HP, Yamaguchi Y, Adachi Y, Ohno N, Tanaka H, Silipo A, Fukase K, Molinaro A. The Core Fucose on an IgG Antibody is an Endogenous Ligand of Dectin‐1. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201911875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Manabe
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceOsaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
- Core for Medicine and Science Collaborative Research and EducationProject Research Center for Fundamental SciencesGraduate School of ScienceOsaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Roberta Marchetti
- Department of Chemical SciencesUniversity of Naples Federico II Via Cinthia 4 80126 Napoli Italy
| | - Yohei Takakura
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceOsaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Masahiro Nagasaki
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceOsaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Wataru Nihei
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceOsaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Takebe
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceOsaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Katsunori Tanaka
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceOsaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
- Biofunctional Synthetic Chemistry LaboratoryRIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Kazuya Kabayama
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceOsaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
- Core for Medicine and Science Collaborative Research and EducationProject Research Center for Fundamental SciencesGraduate School of ScienceOsaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Fabrizio Chiodo
- Amsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDept. of Molecular Cell Biology and ImmunologyAmsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Shinya Hanashima
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceOsaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kamada
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry & Clinical InvestigationGraduate School of MedicineOsaka University 1–7 Yamada-oka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Eiji Miyoshi
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry & Clinical InvestigationGraduate School of MedicineOsaka University 1–7 Yamada-oka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Hari Prasad Dulal
- Structural Glycobiology TeamSystems Glycobiology Research GroupRIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Physical ChemistryTohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University 4-4-1 Komatsushima Aoba-ku, Sendai Miyagi 981-8558 Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Adachi
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial ProductsSchool of PharmacyTokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji Tokyo 192-0392 Japan
| | - Naohito Ohno
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial ProductsSchool of PharmacyTokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji Tokyo 192-0392 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and EngineeringTokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1-H-101, Ookayama, Meguro Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Alba Silipo
- Department of Chemical SciencesUniversity of Naples Federico II Via Cinthia 4 80126 Napoli Italy
| | - Koichi Fukase
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceOsaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
- Core for Medicine and Science Collaborative Research and EducationProject Research Center for Fundamental SciencesGraduate School of ScienceOsaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Antonio Molinaro
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceOsaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
- Department of Chemical SciencesUniversity of Naples Federico II Via Cinthia 4 80126 Napoli Italy
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10
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Manabe Y, Marchetti R, Takakura Y, Nagasaki M, Nihei W, Takebe T, Tanaka K, Kabayama K, Chiodo F, Hanashima S, Kamada Y, Miyoshi E, Dulal HP, Yamaguchi Y, Adachi Y, Ohno N, Tanaka H, Silipo A, Fukase K, Molinaro A. The Core Fucose on an IgG Antibody is an Endogenous Ligand of Dectin-1. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:18697-18702. [PMID: 31625659 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The core fucose, a major modification of N-glycans, is implicated in immune regulation, such as the attenuation of the antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity of antibody drugs and the inhibition of anti-tumor responses via the promotion of PD-1 expression on T cells. Although the core fucose regulates many biological processes, no core fucose recognition molecule has been identified in mammals. Herein, we report that Dectin-1, a known anti-β-glucan lectin, recognizes the core fucose on IgG antibodies. A combination of biophysical experiments further suggested that Dectin-1 recognizes aromatic amino acids adjacent to the N-terminal asparagine at the glycosylation site as well as the core fucose. Thus, Dectin-1 appears to be the first lectin-like molecule involved in the heterovalent and specific recognition of characteristic N-glycans on antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Manabe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan.,Core for Medicine and Science Collaborative Research and Education, Project Research Center for Fundamental Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Roberta Marchetti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Yohei Takakura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nagasaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Wataru Nihei
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Takebe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Katsunori Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan.,Biofunctional Synthetic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kabayama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan.,Core for Medicine and Science Collaborative Research and Education, Project Research Center for Fundamental Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Fabrizio Chiodo
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Dept. of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Shinya Hanashima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kamada
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry & Clinical Investigation, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-7 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Eiji Miyoshi
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry & Clinical Investigation, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-7 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hari Prasad Dulal
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Physical Chemistry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Adachi
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Naohito Ohno
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-H-101, Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Alba Silipo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Koichi Fukase
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan.,Core for Medicine and Science Collaborative Research and Education, Project Research Center for Fundamental Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Antonio Molinaro
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan.,Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126, Napoli, Italy
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11
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Jayawardena N, Burga LN, Poirier JT, Bostina M. Virus-Receptor Interactions: Structural Insights For Oncolytic Virus Development. Oncolytic Virother 2019; 8:39-56. [PMID: 31754615 PMCID: PMC6825474 DOI: 10.2147/ov.s218494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in oncolytic virotherapy commend a special attention to developing new strategies for targeting cancer cells with oncolytic viruses (OVs). Modifications of the viral envelope or coat proteins serve as a logical mean of repurposing viruses for cancer treatment. In this review, we discuss how detailed structural knowledge of the interactions between OVs and their natural receptors provide valuable insights into tumor specificity of some viruses and re-targeting of alternate receptors for broad tumor tropism or improved tumor selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadishka Jayawardena
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Laura N Burga
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - John T Poirier
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mihnea Bostina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Otago Micro and Nano Imaging, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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12
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Cummings RD. "Stuck on sugars - how carbohydrates regulate cell adhesion, recognition, and signaling". Glycoconj J 2019; 36:241-257. [PMID: 31267247 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-019-09876-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We have explored the fundamental biological processes by which complex carbohydrates expressed on cellular glycoproteins and glycolipids and in secretions of cells promote cell adhesion and signaling. We have also explored processes by which animal pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites adhere to glycans of animal cells and initiate disease. Glycans important in cell signaling and adhesion, such as key O-glycans, are essential for proper animal development and cellular differentiation, but they are also involved in many pathogenic processes, including inflammation, tumorigenesis and metastasis, and microbial and parasitic pathogenesis. The overall hypothesis guiding these studies is that glycoconjugates are recognized and bound by a growing class of proteins called glycan-binding proteins (GBPs or lectins) expressed by all types of cells. There is an incredible variety and diversity of GBPs in animal cells involved in binding N- and O-glycans, glycosphingolipids, and proteoglycan/glycosaminoglycans. We have specifically studied such molecular determinants recognized by selectins, galectins, and many other C-type lectins, involved in leukocyte recruitment to sites of inflammation in human tissues, lymphocyte trafficking, adhesion of human viruses to human cells, structure and immunogenicity of glycoproteins on the surfaces of human parasites. We have also explored the molecular basis of glycoconjugate biosynthesis by exploring the enzymes and molecular chaperones required for correct protein glycosylation. From these studies opportunities for translational biology have arisen, involving production of function-blocking antibodies, anti-glycan specific antibodies, and synthetic glycoconjugates, e.g. glycosulfopeptides, that specifically are recognized by GBPs. This invited short review is based in part on my presentation for the IGO Award 2019 given by the International Glycoconjugate Organization in Milan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D Cummings
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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13
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Malaker SA, Pedram K, Ferracane MJ, Bensing BA, Krishnan V, Pett C, Yu J, Woods EC, Kramer JR, Westerlind U, Dorigo O, Bertozzi CR. The mucin-selective protease StcE enables molecular and functional analysis of human cancer-associated mucins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:7278-7287. [PMID: 30910957 PMCID: PMC6462054 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1813020116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. Mucin-domain glycoproteins are known to be key players in a host of human diseases, especially cancer, wherein mucin expression and glycosylation patterns are altered. Mucin biology has been difficult to study at the molecular level, in part, because methods to manipulate and structurally characterize mucin domains are lacking. Here, we demonstrate that secreted protease of C1 esterase inhibitor (StcE), a bacterial protease from Escherichia coli, cleaves mucin domains by recognizing a discrete peptide- and glycan-based motif. We exploited StcE's unique properties to improve sequence coverage, glycosite mapping, and glycoform analysis of recombinant human mucins by mass spectrometry. We also found that StcE digests cancer-associated mucins from cultured cells and from ascites fluid derived from patients with ovarian cancer. Finally, using StcE, we discovered that sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7), a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor, selectively binds sialomucins as biological ligands, whereas the related receptor Siglec-9 does not. Mucin-selective proteolysis, as exemplified by StcE, is therefore a powerful tool for the study of mucin domain structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy A Malaker
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Kayvon Pedram
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | | | - Barbara A Bensing
- Department of Medicine, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Venkatesh Krishnan
- Stanford Women's Cancer Center, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Christian Pett
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften (ISAS), 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jin Yu
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften (ISAS), 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Elliot C Woods
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Jessica R Kramer
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Ulrika Westerlind
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften (ISAS), 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Oliver Dorigo
- Stanford Women's Cancer Center, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Carolyn R Bertozzi
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305;
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA 94305
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14
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Rathore N, Ramani SR, Pantua H, Payandeh J, Bhangale T, Wuster A, Kapoor M, Sun Y, Kapadia SB, Gonzalez L, Zarrin AA, Goate A, Hansen DV, Behrens TW, Graham RR. Paired Immunoglobulin-like Type 2 Receptor Alpha G78R variant alters ligand binding and confers protection to Alzheimer's disease. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007427. [PMID: 30388101 PMCID: PMC6235402 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Paired Immunoglobulin-like Type 2 Receptor Alpha (PILRA) is a cell surface inhibitory receptor that recognizes specific O-glycosylated proteins and is expressed on various innate immune cell types including microglia. We show here that a common missense variant (G78R, rs1859788) of PILRA is the likely causal allele for the confirmed Alzheimer’s disease risk locus at 7q21 (rs1476679). The G78R variant alters the interaction of residues essential for sialic acid engagement, resulting in >50% reduced binding for several PILRA ligands including a novel ligand, complement component 4A, and herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) glycoprotein B. PILRA is an entry receptor for HSV-1 via glycoprotein B, and macrophages derived from R78 homozygous donors showed significantly decreased levels of HSV-1 infection at several multiplicities of infection compared to homozygous G78 macrophages. We propose that PILRA G78R protects individuals from Alzheimer’s disease risk via reduced inhibitory signaling in microglia and reduced microglial infection during HSV-1 recurrence. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder resulting from a complex interaction of environmental and genetic risk factors. Despite considerable progress in defining the genetic component of AD risk, understanding the biology of common variant associations is a challenge. We find that PILRA G78R (rs1859788) is the likely AD risk variant from the 7q21 locus (rs1476679) and PILRA G78R reduces PILRA endogenous and exogenous ligand binding. Our study highlights a new immune signaling axis in AD and suggests a role for exogenous ligands (HSV-1). Further, we have identified that reduced function of a negative regulator of microglia and neutrophils is protective from AD risk, providing a new candidate therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Rathore
- Department of OMNI Human Genetics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Sree Ranjani Ramani
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics & Lipidomics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Homer Pantua
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jian Payandeh
- Department of Structural Biology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Tushar Bhangale
- Department of OMNI Human Genetics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America.,Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Arthur Wuster
- Department of OMNI Human Genetics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America.,Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Manav Kapoor
- Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - Yonglian Sun
- Department of Immunology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Sharookh B Kapadia
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Lino Gonzalez
- Department of Proteomics & Biological Resources, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Ali A Zarrin
- Department of Immunology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Alison Goate
- Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - David V Hansen
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Timothy W Behrens
- Department of OMNI Human Genetics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Robert R Graham
- Department of OMNI Human Genetics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
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15
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Abstract
The representation of carbohydrates in 3D space using symbols is a powerful visualization method, but such representations are lacking in currently available visualization software. The work presented here allows researchers to display carbohydrate 3D structures as 3D-SNFG symbols using LiteMol from a web browser (e.g., v.litemol.org/?loadFromCS=5T3X ). Any PDB ID can be substituted at the end of the URL. Alternatively, the user may enter a PDB ID or upload a structure. LiteMol is available at https://v.litemol.org and automatically depicts any carbohydrate residues as 3D-SNFG symbols. To embed LiteMol in a webpage, visit https://github.com/dsehnal/LiteMol .
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Affiliation(s)
- David Sehnal
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology , Masaryk University Brno , Kamenice 5 , 625 00 Brno-Bohunice , Czech Republic.,National Centre for Biomolecular Research , Faculty of Science , Kamenice 5 , 625 00 Brno-Bohunice , Czech Republic.,Protein Data Bank in Europe (PDBe), European Molecular Biology Laboratory , European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) , Wellcome Genome Campus , Hinxton , Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD , United Kingdom
| | - Oliver C Grant
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center , University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia 30602 , United States
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16
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Arii J, Kawaguchi Y. The Role of HSV Glycoproteins in Mediating Cell Entry. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1045:3-21. [PMID: 29896660 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-7230-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The successful entry of herpes simplex virus (HSV) into a cell is a complex process requiring the interaction of several surface viral glycoproteins with host cell receptors. These viral glycoproteins are currently thought to work sequentially to trigger fusogenic activity, but the process is complicated by the fact that each glycoprotein is known to interact with a range of target cell surface receptor molecules. The glycoproteins concerned are gB, gD, and gH/gL, with at least four host cell receptor molecules known to bind to gB and gD alone. Redundancy among gD receptors is also evident and binding to both the gB and gD receptors simultaneously is known to be required for successful membrane fusion. Receptor type and tissue distribution are commonly considered to define the extent of viral tropism and thus the magnitude of pathogenesis. Viral entry receptors are therefore attractive pharmaceutical target molecules for the prevention and/or treatment of viral infections. However, the large number of HSV glycoprotein receptors makes a comprehensive understanding of HSV pathogenesis in vivo difficult. Here we summarize our current understanding of the various HSV glycoprotein cell surface receptors, define their redundancy and binding specificity, and discuss the significance of these interactions for viral pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Arii
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
- Research Center for Asian Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yasushi Kawaguchi
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Center for Asian Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Furukawa A, Kakita K, Yamada T, Ishizuka M, Sakamoto J, Hatori N, Maeda N, Ohsaka F, Saitoh T, Nomura T, Kuroki K, Nambu H, Arase H, Matsunaga S, Anada M, Ose T, Hashimoto S, Maenaka K. Structural and thermodynamic analyses reveal critical features of glycopeptide recognition by the human PILRα immune cell receptor. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:21128-21136. [PMID: 29046357 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.799239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Before entering host cells, herpes simplex virus-1 uses its envelope glycoprotein B to bind paired immunoglobulin-like type 2 receptor α (PILRα) on immune cells. PILRα belongs to the Siglec (sialic acid (SA)-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin)-like family, members of which bind SA. PILRα is the only Siglec member to recognize not only the sialylated O-linked sugar T antigen (sTn) but also its attached peptide region. We previously determined the crystal structure of PILRα complexed with the sTn-linked glycopeptide of glycoprotein B, revealing the simultaneous recognition of sTn and peptide by the receptor. However, the contribution of each glycopeptide component to PILRα binding was largely unclear. Here, we chemically synthesized glycopeptide derivatives and determined the thermodynamic parameters of their interaction with PILRα. We show that glycopeptides with different sugar units linking SA and peptides (i.e. "GlcNAc-type" and "deoxy-GlcNAc-type" glycopeptides) have lower affinity and more enthalpy-driven binding than the wild type (i.e. GalNAc-type glycopeptide). The crystal structures of PILRα complexed with these glycopeptides highlighted the importance of stereochemical positioning of the O4 atom of the sugar moiety. These results provide insights both for understanding the unique O-glycosylated peptide recognition by the PILRα and for the rational design of herpes simplex virus-1 entry inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kosuke Kakita
- Synthetic and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and
| | - Tomoki Yamada
- Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan and
| | | | | | - Nanao Hatori
- Synthetic and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and
| | - Naoyoshi Maeda
- Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan and
| | - Fumina Ohsaka
- Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan and
| | - Takashi Saitoh
- Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan and
| | - Takao Nomura
- Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan and
| | | | - Hisanori Nambu
- Synthetic and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and
| | - Hisashi Arase
- World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center and.,Department of Immunochemistry, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shigeki Matsunaga
- Synthetic and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and
| | - Masahiro Anada
- Synthetic and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and
| | - Toyoyuki Ose
- From the Laboratories of Biomolecular Science and
| | - Shunichi Hashimoto
- Synthetic and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and
| | - Katsumi Maenaka
- From the Laboratories of Biomolecular Science and .,Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan and
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18
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Abstract
Lectins recognize a diverse array of carbohydrate structures and perform numerous essential biological functions. Here we focus on only two families of lectins, the Siglecs and C-type lectins. Triggering of intracellular signaling cascades following ligand recognition by these receptors can have profound effects on the induction and modulation of immunity. In this chapter, we provide a brief overview of each family and then focus on selected examples that highlight how these lectins can influence myeloid cell functioning in health and disease. Receptors that are discussed include Sn (Siglec-1), CD33 (Siglec-3), and Siglec-5, -7, -8, -9, -10, -11, -14, -15, -E, -F, and -G as well as Dectin-1, MICL, Dectin-2, Mincle/MCL, and the macrophage mannose receptor.
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19
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Maeda N, Furukawa A, Kakita K, Anada M, Hashimoto S, Matsunaga S, Kuroki K, Ose T, Kato A, Arii J, Kawaguchi Y, Arase H, Maenaka K. Rapid Screening by Cell-Based Fusion Assay for Identifying Novel Antivirals of Glycoprotein B-Mediated Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection. Biol Pharm Bull 2017; 39:1897-1902. [PMID: 27803463 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a causative agent for a variety of diseases. Although antiherpetic drugs such as acyclovir have been developed to inhibit virus replication through interaction with DNA kinases, their continuous administration leads to an increase in the frequency of drug-resistant HSV-1, which is an important clinical issue that requires urgent solution. Recently, we reported that the sialylated O-linked sugar T antigen (sTn) and its attached peptide region (O-glycosylated sTn peptide) derived from the HSV-1 glycoprotein B (gB) protein inhibited HSV-1 infection by specifically targeting paired immunoglobulin-like type 2 receptor alpha (PILRα) in vitro. In this study, to further identify novel inhibitors of gB-mediated HSV-1 infection in vitro, we established a cell-based fusion assay for rapid drug screening. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were transfected with expression plasmids for HSV-1 gB, gD, gH, and gL, and T7 RNA polymerase, and were designated as the effector cells. The CHO-K1 cells stably expressing PILRα were transfected with the expression plasmid for firefly luciferase under the T7 promoter, and were designated as the target cells. The effector and target cells were co-cultured, and luminescence was measured when both cells were successfully fused. Importantly, we found that cell-to-cell fusion was specifically inhibited by O-glycosylated sTn peptide in a dose dependent manner. Our results suggested that this virus-free cell-based fusion assay system could be a useful and promising approach to identify novel inhibitors of gB-mediated HSV-1 infection, and will aid in the development of antiviral therapeutic strategies for HSV-1-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyoshi Maeda
- Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
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20
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The immune receptor Trem1 cooperates with diminished DNA damage response to induce preleukemic stem cell expansion. Leukemia 2016; 31:423-433. [PMID: 27568523 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome with extremely high risk of leukemic transformation. Here we investigate the relationship between DNA damage response (DDR) and leukemogenesis using the Fanca knockout mouse model. We found that chronic exposure of the Fanca-/- hematopoietic stem cells to DNA crosslinking agent mitomycin C in vivo leads to diminished DDR, and the emergence/expansion of pre-leukemia stem cells (pre-LSCs). Surprisingly, although genetic correction of Fanca deficiency in the pre-LSCs restores DDR and reduces genomic instability, but fails to prevent pre-LSC expansion or delay leukemia development in irradiated recipients. Furthermore, we identified transcription program underlying dysregulated DDR and cell migration, myeloid proliferation, and immune response in the Fanca-/- pre-LSCs. Forced expression of the downregulated DNA repair genes, Rad51c or Trp53i13, in the Fanca-/- pre-LSCs partially rescues DDR but has no effect on leukemia, whereas shRNA knockdown of the upregulated immune receptor genes Trem1 or Pilrb improves leukemia-related survival, but not DDR or genomic instability. Furthermore, Trem1 cooperates with diminished DDR in vivo to promote Fanca-/- pre-LSC expansion and leukemia development. Our study implicates diminishing DDR as a root cause of FA leukemogenesis, which subsequently collaborates with other signaling pathways for leukemogenic transformation.
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21
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Abstract
Cell surface sialosides constitute a central axis of immune modulation that is exploited by tumors to evade both innate and adaptive immune destruction. Therapeutic strategies that target tumor-associated sialosides may therefore potentiate antitumor immunity. Here, we report the development of antibody-sialidase conjugates that enhance tumor cell susceptibility to antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) by selective desialylation of the tumor cell glycocalyx. We chemically fused a recombinant sialidase to the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-specific antibody trastuzumab through a C-terminal aldehyde tag. The antibody-sialidase conjugate desialylated tumor cells in a HER2-dependent manner, reduced binding by natural killer (NK) cell inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors, and enhanced binding to the NK-activating receptor natural killer group 2D (NKG2D). Sialidase conjugation to trastuzumab enhanced ADCC against tumor cells expressing moderate levels of HER2, suggesting a therapeutic strategy for cancer patients with lower HER2 levels or inherent trastuzumab resistance. Precision glycocalyx editing with antibody-enzyme conjugates is therefore a promising avenue for cancer immune therapy.
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22
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Nagae M, Yamaguchi Y. Sugar recognition and protein-protein interaction of mammalian lectins conferring diverse functions. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2015; 34:108-15. [PMID: 26418728 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in structural analyses of mammalian lectins reveal atomic-level details of their fine specificities toward diverse endogenous and exogenous glycans. Local variations on a common scaffold can enable certain lectins to recognize complex carbohydrate ligands including branched glycans and O-glycosylated peptides. Simultaneous recognition of both glycan and the aglycon moieties enhances the affinity and specificity of lectins such as CLEC-2 and PILRα. Attention has been paid to the roles of galectin and RegIII family of proteins in protein-protein interactions involved in critical biological functions including signal transduction and bactericidal pore formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masamichi Nagae
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
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23
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Abstract
C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) is a member of the C-type lectin (like) receptor (CLR) family that uses a Ca(2+) binding domain to bind specific glycans. However, in this issue of Structure, Nagae and colleagues report on how the structures of CLEC-2 in complex with a glycopeptide podoplanin and a snake venom protein, rhodocytin, show a different mode of binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Fukuhara
- Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Atsushi Furukawa
- Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Katsumi Maenaka
- Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
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24
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Abstract
Palmitoylated cysteines typically target transmembrane proteins to domains enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids (lipid rafts). P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1), CD43, and CD44 are O-glycosylated proteins on leukocytes that associate with lipid rafts. During inflammation, they transduce signals by engaging selectins as leukocytes roll in venules, and they move to the raft-enriched uropods of polarized cells upon chemokine stimulation. It is not known how these glycoproteins associate with lipid rafts or whether this association is required for signaling or for translocation to uropods. Here, we found that loss of core 1-derived O-glycans in murine C1galt1(-/-) neutrophils blocked raft targeting of PSGL-1, CD43, and CD44, but not of other glycosylated proteins, as measured by resistance to solubilization in nonionic detergent and by copatching with a raft-resident sphingolipid on intact cells. Neuraminidase removal of sialic acids from wild-type neutrophils also blocked raft targeting. C1galt1(-/-) neutrophils or neuraminidase-treated neutrophils failed to activate tyrosine kinases when plated on immobilized anti-PSGL-1 or anti-CD44 F(ab')2. Furthermore, C1galt1(-/-) neutrophils incubated with anti-PSGL-1 F(ab')2 did not generate microparticles. In marked contrast, PSGL-1, CD43, and CD44 moved normally to the uropods of chemokine-stimulated C1galt1(-/-) neutrophils. These data define a role for core 1-derived O-glycans and terminal sialic acids in targeting glycoprotein ligands for selectins to lipid rafts of leukocytes. Preassociation of these glycoproteins with rafts is required for signaling but not for movement to uropods.
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25
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Suenaga T, Matsumoto M, Arisawa F, Kohyama M, Hirayasu K, Mori Y, Arase H. Sialic Acids on Varicella-Zoster Virus Glycoprotein B Are Required for Cell-Cell Fusion. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:19833-43. [PMID: 26105052 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.635508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a member of the human Herpesvirus family that causes varicella (chicken pox) and zoster (shingles). VZV latently infects sensory ganglia and is also responsible for encephalomyelitis. Myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), a member of the sialic acid (SA)-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin family, is mainly expressed in neural tissues. VZV glycoprotein B (gB) associates with MAG and mediates membrane fusion during VZV entry into host cells. The SA requirements of MAG when associating with its ligands vary depending on the specific ligand, but it is unclear whether the SAs on gB are involved in the association with MAG. In this study, we found that SAs on gB are essential for the association with MAG as well as for membrane fusion during VZV infection. MAG with a point mutation in the SA-binding site did not bind to gB and did not mediate cell-cell fusion or VZV entry. Cell-cell fusion and VZV entry mediated by the gB-MAG interaction were blocked by sialidase treatment. N-glycosylation or O-glycosylation inhibitors also inhibited the fusion and entry mediated by gB-MAG interaction. Furthermore, gB with mutations in N-glycosylation sites, i.e. asparagine residues 557 and 686, did not associate with MAG, and the cell-cell fusion efficiency was low. Fusion between the viral envelope and cellular membrane is essential for host cell entry by herpesviruses. Therefore, these results suggest that SAs on gB play important roles in MAG-mediated VZV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadahiro Suenaga
- From the Department of Immunochemistry, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases and Laboratory of Immunochemistry, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and
| | - Maki Matsumoto
- From the Department of Immunochemistry, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases and Laboratory of Immunochemistry, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and
| | - Fuminori Arisawa
- From the Department of Immunochemistry, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases and
| | - Masako Kohyama
- From the Department of Immunochemistry, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases and Laboratory of Immunochemistry, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and
| | - Kouyuki Hirayasu
- From the Department of Immunochemistry, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases and Laboratory of Immunochemistry, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and
| | - Yasuko Mori
- the Division of Clinical Virology, Center for Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Hisashi Arase
- From the Department of Immunochemistry, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases and Laboratory of Immunochemistry, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and
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26
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Gabius HJ, Kaltner H, Kopitz J, André S. The glycobiology of the CD system: a dictionary for translating marker designations into glycan/lectin structure and function. Trends Biochem Sci 2015; 40:360-76. [PMID: 25981696 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2015.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The profile of cell surface molecules, the biochemical platform for cellular communication, can be likened to a molecular fingerprint. Historically, raising monoclonal antibodies by immunization with cells has been instrumental in obtaining tools suited for phenotyping and functional analysis. Initially for leukocyte antigens, the resulting cluster of differentiation (CD) nomenclature has become a popular system for classification. Glycans presented on proteins or lipids and receptors for carbohydrate structures (lectins) are part of the CD list. Our review presents biochemical and biomedical highlights of the respective CD entries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Joachim Gabius
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Veterinärstraße 13, 80539 Munich, Germany.
| | - Herbert Kaltner
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Veterinärstraße 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Kopitz
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Applied Tumor Biology, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine André
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Veterinärstraße 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
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The Structure of the T190M Mutant of Murine α-Dystroglycan at High Resolution: Insight into the Molecular Basis of a Primary Dystroglycanopathy. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124277. [PMID: 25932631 PMCID: PMC4416926 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The severe dystroglycanopathy known as a form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD2P) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by the point mutation T192M in α-dystroglycan. Functional expression analysis in vitro and in vivo indicated that the mutation was responsible for a decrease in posttranslational glycosylation of dystroglycan, eventually interfering with its extracellular-matrix receptor function and laminin binding in skeletal muscle and brain. The X-ray crystal structure of the missense variant T190M of the murine N-terminal domain of α-dystroglycan (50-313) has been determined, and showed an overall topology (Ig-like domain followed by a basket-shaped domain reminiscent of the small subunit ribosomal protein S6) very similar to that of the wild-type structure. The crystallographic analysis revealed a change of the conformation assumed by the highly flexible loop encompassing residues 159-180. Moreover, a solvent shell reorganization around Met190 affects the interaction between the B1-B5 anti-parallel strands forming part of the floor of the basket-shaped domain, with likely repercussions on the folding stability of the protein domain(s) and on the overall molecular flexibility. Chemical denaturation and limited proteolysis experiments point to a decreased stability of the T190M variant with respect to its wild-type counterpart. This mutation may render the entire L-shaped protein architecture less flexible. The overall reduced flexibility and stability may affect the functional properties of α-dystroglycan via negatively influencing its binding behavior to factors needed for dystroglycan maturation, and may lay the molecular basis of the T190M-driven primary dystroglycanopathy.
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Bagdonaite I, Nordén R, Joshi HJ, Dabelsteen S, Nyström K, Vakhrushev SY, Olofsson S, Wandall HH. A strategy for O-glycoproteomics of enveloped viruses--the O-glycoproteome of herpes simplex virus type 1. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1004784. [PMID: 25830354 PMCID: PMC4382219 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation of viral envelope proteins is important for infectivity and interaction with host immunity, however, our current knowledge of the functions of glycosylation is largely limited to N-glycosylation because it is difficult to predict and identify site-specific O-glycosylation. Here, we present a novel proteome-wide discovery strategy for O-glycosylation sites on viral envelope proteins using herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) as a model. We identified 74 O-linked glycosylation sites on 8 out of the 12 HSV-1 envelope proteins. Two of the identified glycosites found in glycoprotein B were previously implicated in virus attachment to immune cells. We show that HSV-1 infection distorts the secretory pathway and that infected cells accumulate glycoproteins with truncated O-glycans, nonetheless retaining the ability to elongate most of the surface glycans. With the use of precise gene editing, we further demonstrate that elongated O-glycans are essential for HSV-1 in human HaCaT keratinocytes, where HSV-1 produced markedly lower viral titers in HaCaT with abrogated O-glycans compared to the isogenic counterpart with normal O-glycans. The roles of O-linked glycosylation for viral entry, formation, secretion, and immune recognition are poorly understood, and the O-glycoproteomics strategy presented here now opens for unbiased discovery on all enveloped viruses. Information on site-specific O-glycosylation of viral envelope glycoproteins is generally very limited despite important functions. We present a powerful mass-spectrometry based strategy to globally identify O-glycosylation sites on viral envelope proteins of a given virus in the context of a productive infection. We successfully utilized the strategy to map O-linked glycosylation sites on the complex HSV-1 virus demonstrating that O-glycosylation is widely distributed on most envelope proteins. Moreover, we used genetically engineered keratinocytes lacking O-glycan elongation capacity to demonstrate that O-linked glycans are indeed important for HSV-1 biology as HSV-1 particles produced in these cells had significantly lower titers compared to wild-type keratinocytes. These tools enable wider discovery and detailed analysis of the role of site-specific O-glycosylation in virology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ieva Bagdonaite
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rickard Nordén
- Department of Clinical Virology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hiren J. Joshi
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sally Dabelsteen
- Institute of Odontology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristina Nyström
- Department of Clinical Virology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sergey Y. Vakhrushev
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sigvard Olofsson
- Department of Clinical Virology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hans H. Wandall
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail:
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Kishida K, Kohyama M, Kurashima Y, Kogure Y, Wang J, Hirayasu K, Suenaga T, Kiyono H, Kunisawa J, Arase H. Negative regulation of DSS-induced experimental colitis by PILRα. Int Immunol 2015; 27:307-14. [DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxv004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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30
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Nagae M, Morita-Matsumoto K, Kato M, Kaneko MK, Kato Y, Yamaguchi Y. A platform of C-type lectin-like receptor CLEC-2 for binding O-glycosylated podoplanin and nonglycosylated rhodocytin. Structure 2014; 22:1711-1721. [PMID: 25458834 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 09/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Podoplanin is a transmembrane O-glycoprotein that binds to C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2). The O-glycan-dependent interaction seems to play crucial roles in various biological processes, such as platelet aggregation. Rhodocytin, a snake venom, also binds to CLEC-2 and aggregates platelets in a glycan-independent manner. To elucidate the structural basis of the glycan-dependent and independent interactions, we performed comparative crystallographic studies of podoplanin and rhodocytin in complex with CLEC-2. Both podoplanin and rhodocytin bind to the noncanonical "side" face of CLEC-2. There is a common interaction mode between consecutive acidic residues on the ligands and the same arginine residues on CLEC-2. Other interactions are ligand-specific. Carboxyl groups from the sialic acid residue on podoplanin and from the C terminus of the rhodocytin α subunit interact differently at this "second" binding site on CLEC-2. The unique and versatile binding modes open a way to understand the functional consequences of CLEC-2-ligand interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masamichi Nagae
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kana Morita-Matsumoto
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masaki Kato
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Mika Kato Kaneko
- Department of Regional Innovation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Regional Innovation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
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