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Hu S, Han X, Liu G, Wang S. LncRNAs as potential prognosis/diagnosis markers and factors driving drug resistance of osteosarcoma, a review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1415722. [PMID: 39015175 PMCID: PMC11249743 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1415722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a common malignancy that often occurs in children, teenagers and young adults. Although the treatment strategy has improved, the results are still poor for most patients with metastatic or recurrent osteosarcomas. Therefore, it is necessary to identify new and effective prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for diseases. Human genomes contain lncRNAs, transcripts with limited or insufficient capacity to encode proteins. They have been implicated in tumorigenesis, particularly regarding the onset, advancement, resistance to treatment, recurrence and remote dissemination of malignancies. Aberrant lncRNA expression in osteosarcomas has been reported by numerous researchers; lncRNAs have the potential to exhibit either oncogenic or tumor-suppressing behaviors and thus, to govern the advancement of this skeletal cancer. They are suspected to influence osteosarcoma cell growth, replication, invasion, migration, remote dissemination and programmed cell death. Additionally, they have been recognized as clinical markers, and may participate in the development of multidrug resistance. Therefore, the study of lncRNAs in the growth, metastasis, treatment and prognosis of osteosarcoma is very important for the active prevention and treatment of osteosarcoma. Consequently, this work reviews the functions of lncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwang Hu
- The Orthopedic Center, Wenling First People’s Hospital (The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University), Wenling, China
| | - Xuebing Han
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Applied Microbial Resources Development for Livestock and Poultry, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Applied Microbial Resources Development for Livestock and Poultry, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuangshuang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Wenling First People’s Hospital (The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University), Wenling, China
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2
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Childs A, Gerrand C, Brennan B, Young R, Rankin KS, Parry M, Stevenson J, Flanagan AM, Taylor RM, Fern L, Heymann D, Vance F, Sherriff J, Singh S, Begum R, Forsyth SL, Reczko K, Sparksman K, Wilson W, Strauss SJ. A Prospective Observational Cohort Study for Newly Diagnosed Osteosarcoma Patients in the UK: ICONIC Study Initial Results. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2351. [PMID: 39001413 PMCID: PMC11240498 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16132351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
There has been little change to the standard treatment for osteosarcoma (OS) over the last 25 years and there is an unmet need to identify new biomarkers and novel therapeutic approaches if outcomes are to improve. Furthermore, there is limited evidence on the impact of OS treatment on patient-reported outcomes (PROs). ICONIC (Improving Outcomes through Collaboration in Osteosarcoma; NCT04132895) is a prospective observational cohort study recruiting newly diagnosed OS patients across the United Kingdom (UK) with matched longitudinal collection of clinical, biological, and PRO data. During Stage 1, which assessed the feasibility of recruitment and data collection, 102 patients were recruited at 22 sites with representation from patient groups frequently excluded in OS studies, including patients over 50 years and those with less common primary sites. The feasibility of collecting clinical and biological samples, in addition to PRO data, has been established and there is ongoing analysis of these data as part of Stage 2. ICONIC will provide a unique, prospective cohort of newly diagnosed OS patients representative of the UK patient population, with fully annotated clinical outcomes linked to molecularly characterised biospecimens, allowing for comprehensive analyses to better understand biology and develop new biomarkers and novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa Childs
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, 250 Euston Road, London NW1 2PG, UK
| | - Craig Gerrand
- The Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital Trust, Brockley Hill, Stanmore HA7 4LP, UK
| | - Bernadette Brennan
- Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Robin Young
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Weston Park Hospital, Whitham Road, Broomhall, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK
| | - Kenneth S Rankin
- Newcastle Centre Cancer, Paul O'Gorman Building, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AD, UK
| | - Michael Parry
- The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol Road South, Northfield, Birmingham B31 2AP, UK
| | - Jonathan Stevenson
- The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol Road South, Northfield, Birmingham B31 2AP, UK
| | - Adrienne M Flanagan
- The Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital Trust, Brockley Hill, Stanmore HA7 4LP, UK
- UCL Cancer Institute, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Rachel M Taylor
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, 250 Euston Road, London NW1 2PG, UK
| | - Lorna Fern
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, 250 Euston Road, London NW1 2PG, UK
| | - Dominique Heymann
- Sarcoma Research Unit, Department of Oncology & Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
- Nantes Université, CNRS, UMR6286, US2B, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, 44800 Saint-Herblain, France
| | | | - Jenny Sherriff
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2GW, UK
| | - Saurabh Singh
- Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Rubina Begum
- CRUK & UCL Cancer Trials Centre, University College London, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4TJ, UK
| | - Sharon L Forsyth
- CRUK & UCL Cancer Trials Centre, University College London, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4TJ, UK
| | - Krystyna Reczko
- CRUK & UCL Cancer Trials Centre, University College London, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4TJ, UK
| | - Kate Sparksman
- CRUK & UCL Cancer Trials Centre, University College London, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4TJ, UK
| | - William Wilson
- CRUK & UCL Cancer Trials Centre, University College London, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4TJ, UK
| | - Sandra J Strauss
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, 250 Euston Road, London NW1 2PG, UK
- UCL Cancer Institute, London WC1E 6DD, UK
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3
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Zhang Y, Zhang T, Chen L, Guo Z, Jiang X. Cyclin L1 participates in Adriamycin resistance and progression of osteosarcoma via PI3K/AKT-mTOR pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:205972. [PMID: 39024509 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Chemoresistance is a common and thorny problem in the treatment of osteosarcoma (OS), which obstructs the response of relapse or metastasis of OS to chemotherapy and leads to the unfavorable prognosis of OS patients. Cyclin L1 (CCNL1) is a non-canonical cyclin that plays an important role in the regulation of tumor cell proliferation and lymph node metastasis. In this work, we explored the impact of CCNL1 expression levels on proliferation, migration, and Adriamycin (ADM) resistance in OS and related mechanisms. We found that CCNL1 expression levels were significantly associated with clinical prognosis of patients with OS and CCNL1 could promote OS proliferation and migration. In addition, we also revealed that cellular CCNL1 was significantly increased in ADM-resistant OS cells and promoted ADM resistance. The PI3K/AKT-mTOR pathway is involved in CCNL1-mediated ADM resistance in OS. In summary, CCNL1 is involved in the progression of ADM resistance and OS through the PI3K/AKT-mTOR pathway, which will provide a new clue to the mechanism of ADM resistance and a potential target for the treatment of ADM-resistant OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430022, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zijun Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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Anderson CJ, Yang H, Parsons J, Ahrens WA, Jagosky MH, Hsu JH, Patt JC, Kneisl JS, Steuerwald NM. Can a Liquid Biopsy Detect Circulating Tumor DNA With Low-passage Whole-genome Sequencing in Patients With a Sarcoma? A Pilot Evaluation. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2024:00003086-990000000-01651. [PMID: 38905450 DOI: 10.1097/corr.0000000000003161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A liquid biopsy is a test that evaluates the status of a disease by analyzing a sample of bodily fluid, most commonly blood. In recent years, there has been progress in the development and clinical application of liquid biopsy methods to identify blood-based, tumor-specific biomarkers for many cancer types. However, the implementation of these technologies to aid in the treatment of patients who have a sarcoma remains behind other fields of cancer medicine. For this study, we chose to evaluate a sarcoma liquid biopsy based on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). All human beings have normal cell-free DNA (cfDNA) circulating in the blood. In contrast with cfDNA, ctDNA is genetic material present in the blood stream that is derived from a tumor. ctDNA carries the unique genomic fingerprint of the tumor with changes that are not present in normal circulating cfDNA. A successful ctDNA liquid biopsy must be able to target these tumor-specific genetic alterations. For instance, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are common in lung cancers, and ctDNA liquid biopsies are currently in clinical use to evaluate the status of disease in patients who have a lung cancer by detecting EGFR mutations in the blood. As opposed to many carcinomas, sarcomas do not have common recurrent mutations that could serve as the foundation to a ctDNA liquid biopsy. However, many sarcomas have structural changes to their chromosomes, including gains and losses of portions or entire chromosomes, known as copy number alterations (CNAs), that could serve as a target for a ctDNA liquid biopsy. Murine double minute 2 (MDM2) amplification in select lipomatous tumors or parosteal osteosarcoma is an example of a CNA due to the presence of extra copies of a segment of the long arm of chromosome 12. Since a majority of sarcomas demonstrate a complex karyotype with numerous CNAs, a blood-based liquid biopsy strategy that searches for these CNAs may be able to detect the presence of sarcoma ctDNA. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is a next-generation sequencing technique that evaluates the entire genome. The depth of coverage of WGS refers to how detailed the sequencing is, like higher versus lower power on a microscope. WGS can be performed with high-depth sequencing (that is, > 60×), which can detect individual point mutations, or low-depth sequencing (that is, 0.1× to 5×), referred to as low-passage whole-genome sequencing (LP-WGS), which may not detect individual mutations but can detect structural chromosomal changes including gains and losses (that is, CNAs). While similar strategies have shown favorable early results for specific sarcoma subtypes, LP-WGS has not been evaluated for applicability to the broader population of patients who have a sarcoma. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES Does an LP-WGS liquid biopsy evaluating for CNAs detect ctDNA in plasma samples from patients who have sarcomas representing a variety of histologic subtypes? METHODS This was a retrospective study conducted at a community-based, tertiary referral center. Nine paired (plasma and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded [FFPE] tissue) and four unpaired (plasma) specimens from patients who had a sarcoma were obtained from a commercial biospecimen bank. Three control specimens from individuals who did not have cancer were also obtained. The paired and unpaired specimens from patients who had a sarcoma represented a variety of sarcoma histologic subtypes. cfDNA was extracted, amplified, and quantified. Libraries were prepared, and LP-WGS was performed using a NextSeq 500 next-generation sequencing machine at a low depth of sequencing coverage (∼1×). The ichorCNA bioinformatics algorithm, which was designed to detect CNAs from low-depth genomic sequencing data, was used to analyze the data. In contrast with the gold standard for diagnosis in the form of histopathologic analysis of a tissue sample, this test does not discriminate between sarcoma subtypes but detects the presence of tumor-derived CNAs within the ctDNA in the blood that should not be present in a patient who does not have cancer. The liquid biopsy was positive for the detection of cancer if the ichorCNA algorithm detected the presence of ctDNA. The algorithm was also used to quantitatively estimate the percent ctDNA within the cfDNA. The concentration of ctDNA was then calculated from the percent ctDNA relative to the total concentration of cfDNA. The CNAs of the paired FFPE tissue and plasma samples were graphically visualized using aCNViewer software. RESULTS This LP-WGS liquid biopsy detected ctDNA in 9 of 13 of the plasma specimens from patients with a sarcoma. The other four samples from patients with a sarcoma and all serum specimens from patients without cancer had no detectable ctDNA. Of those 9 patients with positive liquid biopsy results, the percent ctDNA ranged from 6% to 11%, and calculated ctDNA quantities were 0.04 to 5.6 ng/mL, which are levels to be expected when ctDNA is detectable. CONCLUSION In this small pilot study, we were able to detect sarcoma ctDNA with an LP-WGS liquid biopsy searching for CNAs in the plasma of most patients who had a sarcoma representing a variety of histologic subtypes. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These results suggest that an LP-WGS liquid biopsy evaluating for CNAs to identify ctDNA may be more broadly applicable to the population of patients who have a sarcoma than previously reported in studies focusing on specific subtypes. Large prospective clinical trials that gather samples at multiple time points during the process of diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance will be needed to further assess whether this technique can be clinically useful. At our institution, we are in the process of developing a large prospective clinical trial for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin J Anderson
- Musculoskeletal Institute, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Charlotte, NC, USA
- Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - HsihTe Yang
- Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Judy Parsons
- Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Will A Ahrens
- Carolina Pathology Group, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Megan H Jagosky
- Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Johann H Hsu
- Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Joshua C Patt
- Musculoskeletal Institute, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Charlotte, NC, USA
- Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Kneisl
- Musculoskeletal Institute, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Charlotte, NC, USA
- Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Nury M Steuerwald
- Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Charlotte, NC, USA
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5
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Lietz CE, Newman ET, Kelly AD, Xiang DH, Zhang Z, Ramavenkat N, Bowers JJ, Lozano-Calderon SA, Ebb DH, Raskin KA, Cote GM, Choy E, Nielsen GP, Vlachos IS, Haibe-Kains B, Spentzos D. A dynamic microRNA profile that tracks a chemotherapy resistance phenotype in osteosarcoma. Implications for novel therapeutics. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.06.19.24309087. [PMID: 38946948 PMCID: PMC11213079 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.19.24309087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a rare primary bone tumor for which no significant therapeutic advancement has been made since the late 1980s despite ongoing efforts. Overall, the five-year survival rate remains about 65%, and is much lower in patients with tumors unresponsive to methotrexate, doxorubicin, and cisplatin therapy. Genetic studies have not revealed actionable drug targets, but our group, and others, have reported that epigenomic biomarkers, including regulatory RNAs, may be useful prognostic tools for osteosarcoma. We tested if microRNA (miRNA) transcriptional patterns mark the transition from a chemotherapy sensitive to resistant tumor phenotype. Small RNA sequencing was performed using 14 patient matched pre-chemotherapy biopsy and post-chemotherapy resection high-grade osteosarcoma frozen tumor samples. Independently, small RNA sequencing was performed using 14 patient matched biopsy and resection samples from untreated tumors. Separately, miRNA specific Illumina DASL arrays were used to assay an independent cohort of 65 pre-chemotherapy biopsy and 26 patient matched post-chemotherapy resection formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tumor samples. mRNA specific Illumina DASL arrays were used to profile 37 pre-chemotherapy biopsy and five post-chemotherapy resection FFPE samples, all of which were also used for Illumina DASL miRNA profiling. The National Cancer Institute Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments dataset, including PCR based miRNA profiling and RNA-seq data for 86 and 93 pre-chemotherapy tumor samples, respectively, was also used. Paired differential expression testing revealed a profile of 17 miRNAs with significantly different transcriptional levels following chemotherapy. Genes targeted by the miRNAs were differentially expressed following chemotherapy, suggesting the miRNAs may regulate transcriptional networks. Finally, an in vitro pharmacogenomic screen using miRNAs and their target transcripts predicted response to a set of candidate small molecule therapeutics which potentially reverse the chemotherapy resistance phenotype and synergize with chemotherapy in otherwise treatment resistant tumors. Importantly, these novel therapeutic targets are distinct from targets identified by a similar pharmacogenomic analysis of previously published prognostic miRNA profiles from pre chemotherapy biopsy specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher E Lietz
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
- Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erik T Newman
- Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - David H Xiang
- Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ziying Zhang
- Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, USA
| | - Nikhil Ramavenkat
- Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joshua J Bowers
- Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Santiago A Lozano-Calderon
- Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David H Ebb
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin A Raskin
- Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gregory M Cote
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edwin Choy
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - G Petur Nielsen
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ioannis S Vlachos
- Harvard Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin Haibe-Kains
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto M5G 1L7, Ontario, Canada
- Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto M5G 2M9, Ontario, Canada
- Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Toronto M5G 1L7, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dimitrios Spentzos
- Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Zhu GG, Lu C, Petrovic I, Nafa K, Chen W, Syed A, Rana S, Klein MJ, Huang S, Wang L, Tap WD, Ghossein RA, Shah J, Hameed MR. DNA Mutational and Copy Number Variation Profiling of Primary Craniofacial Osteosarcomas by Next-Generation Sequencing. Head Neck Pathol 2024; 18:48. [PMID: 38884816 PMCID: PMC11183031 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-024-01634-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Craniofacial osteosarcomas (CFOS) are uncommon malignant neoplasms of the head and neck with different clinical presentation, biological behavior and prognosis from conventional osteosarcomas of long bones. Very limited genetic data have been published on CFOS. METHODS In the current study, we performed comprehensive genomic studies in 15 cases of high-grade CFOS by SNP array and targeted next generation sequencing. RESULT Our study shows high-grade CFOS demonstrate highly complex and heterogenous genomic alterations and harbor frequently mutated tumor suppressor genes TP53, CDKN2A/B, and PTEN, similar to conventional osteosarcomas. Potentially actionable gene amplifications involving CCNE1, AKT2, MET, NTRK1, PDGFRA, KDR, KIT, MAP3K14, FGFR1, and AURKA were seen in 43% of cases. GNAS hotspot activating mutations were also identified in a subset of CFOS cases, with one case representing malignant transformation from fibrous dysplasia, suggesting a role for GNAS mutation in the development of CFOS. CONCLUSION High-grade CFOS demonstrate highly complex and heterogenous genomic alterations, with amplification involving receptor tyrosine kinase genes, and frequent mutations involving tumor suppressor genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gord Guo Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Department of Pathology, Cooper University Hospital, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, 08103, USA
| | - Chuanyong Lu
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Ivana Petrovic
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Khedoudja Nafa
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Pathology, Washington DC VA Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20310, USA
| | - Aijazuddin Syed
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Satshil Rana
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Michael J Klein
- Department of Pathology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Sinchun Huang
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38103, USA
| | - William D Tap
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Ronald A Ghossein
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jatin Shah
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Meera R Hameed
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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7
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Fu Z, Sun G, Li J, Yu H. Identification of hub genes related to metastasis and prognosis of osteosarcoma and establishment of a prognostic model with bioinformatic methods. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38470. [PMID: 38847690 PMCID: PMC11155596 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor occurring in children and adolescents. Improvements in our understanding of the OS pathogenesis and metastatic mechanism on the molecular level might lead to notable advances in the treatment and prognosis of OS. Biomarkers related to OS metastasis and prognosis were analyzed and identified, and a prognostic model was established through the integration of bioinformatics tools and datasets in multiple databases. 2 OS datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database for data consolidation, standardization, batch effect correction, and identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs); following that, gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed on the DEGs; the STRING database was subsequently used for protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction and identification of hub genes; hub gene expression was validated, and survival analysis was conducted through the employment of the TARGET database; finally, a prognostic model was established and evaluated subsequent to the screening of survival-related genes. A total of 701 DEGs were identified; by gene ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses, the overlapping DEGs were enriched for 249 biological process terms, 13 cellular component terms, 35 molecular function terms, and 4 KEGG pathways; 13 hub genes were selected from the PPI network; 6 survival-related genes were identified by the survival analysis; the prognostic model suggested that 4 genes were strongly associated with the prognosis of OS. DEGs related to OS metastasis and survival were identified through bioinformatics analysis, and hub genes were further selected to establish an ideal prognostic model for OS patients. On this basis, 4 protective genes including TPM1, TPM2, TPM3, and TPM4 were yielded by the prognostic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Binzhou People’s Hospital, Binzhou,China
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guofeng Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Binzhou People’s Hospital, Binzhou,China
| | - Jingtian Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Binzhou People’s Hospital, Binzhou,China
| | - Hongjian Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Binzhou People’s Hospital, Binzhou,China
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8
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Ferrena A, Zhang R, Wang J, Zheng XY, Göker B, Borjihan H, Chae SS, Lo Y, Zhao H, Schwartz E, Loeb D, Yang R, Geller D, Zheng D, Hoang B. Comprehensive single cell transcriptomics analysis of murine osteosarcoma uncovers Skp2 function in metastasis, genomic instability and immune activation and reveals additional target pathways. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.04.597347. [PMID: 38895216 PMCID: PMC11185585 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.04.597347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary pediatric bone malignancy. One promising new therapeutic target is SKP2, encoding a substrate recognition factor of the SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase responsible for ubiquitination and proteasome degradation of substrate p27, thus driving cellular proliferation. We have shown previously that knockout of Skp2 in an immunocompetent transgenic mouse model of OS improved survival, drove apoptosis, and induced tumor inflammation. Here, we applied single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) to study primary OS tumors derived from Osx-Cre driven conditional knockout of Rb1 and Trp53. We showed that murine OS models recapitulate the tumor heterogeneity and microenvironment complexity observed in patient tumors. We further compared this model with OS models with functional disruption of Skp2: one with Skp2 knockout and the other with the Skp2-p27 interaction disrupted (resulting in p27 overexpression). We found reduction of T cell exhaustion and upregulation of interferon activation, along with evidence of replicative and endoplasmic reticulum-related stress in the Skp2 disruption models, and showed that interferon induction was correlated with improved survival in OS patients. Additionally, our scRNA-seq analysis uncovered decreased activities of metastasis-related gene signatures in the Skp2-disrupted OS, which we validated by observation of a strong reduction in lung metastasis in the Skp2 knockout mice. Finally, we report several potential mechanisms of escape from targeting Skp2 in OS, including upregulation of Myc targets, DNA copy number amplification and overexpression of alternative E3 ligase genes, and potential alternative lineage activation. These mechanistic insights into OS tumor biology and Skp2 function suggest novel targets for new, synergistic therapies, while the data and our comprehensive analysis may serve as a public resource for further big data-driven OS research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Ferrena
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ranxin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Musculoskeletal Tumors, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jichuan Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Musculoskeletal Tumors, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Yu Zheng
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Barlas Göker
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Hasibagan Borjihan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Sung-Suk Chae
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Yungtai Lo
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Hongling Zhao
- Department of Developmental & Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Edward Schwartz
- Department of Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - David Loeb
- Department of Developmental & Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - David Geller
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Deyou Zheng
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Bang Hoang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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9
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Slack JC, Church AJ. Molecular Alterations in Pediatric Solid Tumors. Clin Lab Med 2024; 44:277-304. [PMID: 38821645 DOI: 10.1016/j.cll.2023.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Pediatric tumors can be divided into hematologic malignancies, central nervous system tumors, and extracranial solid tumors of bone, soft tissue, or other organ systems. Molecular alterations that impact diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and familial cancer risk have been described in many pediatric solid tumors. In addition to providing a concise summary of clinically relevant molecular alterations in extracranial pediatric solid tumors, this review discusses conventional and next-generation sequencing-based molecular techniques, relevant tumor predisposition syndromes, and the increasing integration of molecular data into the practice of diagnostic pathology for children with solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan C Slack
- Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Institute (Robert J. Tomsich), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Alanna J Church
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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10
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Mohr A, Marques Da Costa ME, Fromigue O, Audinot B, Balde T, Droit R, Abbou S, Khneisser P, Berlanga P, Perez E, Marchais A, Gaspar N. From biology to personalized medicine: Recent knowledge in osteosarcoma. Eur J Med Genet 2024; 69:104941. [PMID: 38677541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2024.104941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
High-grade osteosarcoma is the most common paediatric bone cancer. More than one third of patients relapse and die of osteosarcoma using current chemotherapeutic and surgical strategies. To improve outcomes in osteosarcoma, two crucial challenges need to be tackled: 1-the identification of hard-to-treat disease, ideally from diagnosis; 2- choosing the best combined or novel therapies to eradicate tumor cells which are resistant to current therapies leading to disease dissemination and metastasize as well as their favorable microenvironment. Genetic chaos, tumor complexity and heterogeneity render this task difficult. The development of new technologies like next generation sequencing has led to an improvement in osteosarcoma oncogenesis knownledge. This review summarizes recent biological and therapeutical advances in osteosarcoma, as well as the challenges that must be overcome in order to develop personalized medicine and new therapeutic strategies and ultimately improve patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Mohr
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Olivia Fromigue
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U981, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Baptiste Audinot
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Thierno Balde
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Robin Droit
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Samuel Abbou
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; Department of Oncology for Children and Adolescents, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Pierre Khneisser
- Department of medical Biology and Pathology, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Pablo Berlanga
- Department of Oncology for Children and Adolescents, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Esperanza Perez
- Department of Oncology for Children and Adolescents, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Antonin Marchais
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Nathalie Gaspar
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; Department of Oncology for Children and Adolescents, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France.
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11
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Thongkumkoon P, Sangphukieo A, Tongjai S, Noisagul P, Sangkhathat S, Laochareonsuk W, Kamolphiwong R, Budprom P, Teeyakasem P, Yongpitakwattana P, Thepbundit V, Sirikaew N, Klangjorhor J, Settakorn J, Moonmuang S, Suksakit P, Pasena A, Chaijaruwanich J, Yathongkhum W, Dissook S, Pruksakorn D, Chaiyawat P. Establishment, characterization, and genetic profiling of patient-derived osteosarcoma cells from a patient with retinoblastoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11056. [PMID: 38744935 PMCID: PMC11094034 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60628-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone cancer in pediatric patients. Patients who respond poorly to chemotherapy experience worse clinical outcomes with a high mortality rate. The major challenge is the lack of effective drugs for these patients. To introduce new drugs for clinical approval, preclinical studies based on in vitro models must demonstrate the potency of the tested drugs, enabling the drugs to enter phase 1 clinical trials. Patient-derived cell culture is a promising testing platform for in vitro studies, as they more accurately recapitulate cancer states and genetic profiles compared to cell lines. In the present study, we established patient-derived osteosarcoma cells (PDC) from a patient who had previously been diagnosed with retinoblastoma. We identified a new variant of a germline mutation in the RB1 gene in the tissue of the patient. The biological effects of this PDC were studied to observe whether the cryopreserved PDC retained a feature of fresh PDC. The cryopreserved PDC preserved the key biological effects, including cell growth, invasive capability, migration, and mineralization, that define the conserved phenotypes compared to fresh PDC. From whole genome sequencing analysis of osteosarcoma tissue and patient-derived cells, we found that cryopreserved PDC was a minor population in the origin tissue and was selectively grown under the culture conditions. The cryopreserved PDC has a high resistance to conventional chemotherapy. This study demonstrated that the established cryopreserved PDC has the aggressive characteristics of osteosarcoma, in particular the chemoresistance phenotype that might be used for further investigation in the chemoresistant mechanism of osteosarcoma. In conclusion, the approach we applied for primary cell culture might be a promising method to generate in vitro models for functional testing of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patcharawadee Thongkumkoon
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Chiang Mai University, 110 Intawaroros Road, Si Phum, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Apiwat Sangphukieo
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Chiang Mai University, 110 Intawaroros Road, Si Phum, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Siripong Tongjai
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Pitiporn Noisagul
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Chiang Mai University, 110 Intawaroros Road, Si Phum, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Surasak Sangkhathat
- Division of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Wison Laochareonsuk
- Division of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Rawikant Kamolphiwong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Piyaporn Budprom
- Faculty of Medicine, Musculoskeletal Science and Translational Research (MSTR) Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Pimpisa Teeyakasem
- Faculty of Medicine, Musculoskeletal Science and Translational Research (MSTR) Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Petlada Yongpitakwattana
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Chiang Mai University, 110 Intawaroros Road, Si Phum, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Viraporn Thepbundit
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 10 Intawaroros Road, Si Phum, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nutnicha Sirikaew
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 10 Intawaroros Road, Si Phum, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Jeerawan Klangjorhor
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Chiang Mai University, 110 Intawaroros Road, Si Phum, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Faculty of Medicine, Musculoskeletal Science and Translational Research (MSTR) Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Jongkolnee Settakorn
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Sutpirat Moonmuang
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Chiang Mai University, 110 Intawaroros Road, Si Phum, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Pathacha Suksakit
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Chiang Mai University, 110 Intawaroros Road, Si Phum, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Arnat Pasena
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Chiang Mai University, 110 Intawaroros Road, Si Phum, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Jeerayut Chaijaruwanich
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Data Science Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Wilawan Yathongkhum
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Data Science Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Sivamoke Dissook
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 10 Intawaroros Road, Si Phum, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Dumnoensun Pruksakorn
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Chiang Mai University, 110 Intawaroros Road, Si Phum, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
- Faculty of Medicine, Musculoskeletal Science and Translational Research (MSTR) Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intawaroros Road, Si Phum, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Parunya Chaiyawat
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Chiang Mai University, 110 Intawaroros Road, Si Phum, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
- Faculty of Medicine, Musculoskeletal Science and Translational Research (MSTR) Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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12
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Meuten TK, Dean GA, Thamm DH. Review: The PI3K-AKT-mTOR signal transduction pathway in canine cancer. Vet Pathol 2024; 61:339-356. [PMID: 37905509 DOI: 10.1177/03009858231207021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Tumors in dogs and humans share many similar molecular and genetic features, incentivizing a better understanding of canine neoplasms not only for the purpose of treating companion animals, but also to facilitate research of spontaneously developing tumors with similar biologic behavior and treatment approaches in an immunologically competent animal model. Multiple tumor types of both species have similar dysregulation of signal transduction through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (PKB; AKT), and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), collectively known as the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway. This review aims to delineate the pertinent aspects of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway in health and in tumor development. It will then present a synopsis of current understanding of PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling in important canine cancers and advancements in targeted inhibitors of this pathway.
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13
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Liu W, Cheng H, Huang Z, Li Y, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Jin T, Sun Y, Deng Z, Zhang Q, Lou F, Cao S, Wang H, Niu X. The correlation between clinical outcomes and genomic analysis with high risk factors for the progression of osteosarcoma. Mol Oncol 2024; 18:939-955. [PMID: 37727135 PMCID: PMC10994228 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a rare but aggressive malignancy. Despite previous reports, molecular characterization of this disease is not well understood, and little is known regarding OS in Chinese patients. Herein, we analyzed the genomic signatures of 73 Chinese OS cases. TP53, NCOR1, LRP1B, ATRX, RB1, and TFE3 were the most frequently mutated gene in our OS cohort. In addition, the genomic analysis of Western OS patients was performed. Notably, there were remarkable disparities in mutational landscape, base substitution pattern, and tumor mutational burden between the Chinese and Western OS cohorts. Specific molecular mechanisms, including DNA damage repair (DDR) gene mutations, copy number variation (CNV) presence, aneuploidy, and intratumoral heterogeneity, were associated with disease progression. Additionally, 30.1% of OS patients carried clinically actionable alterations, which were mainly enriched in PI3K, MAPK, DDR, and RTK signaling pathways. A specific molecular subtype incorporating DDR alterations and CNVs was significantly correlated with distant metastasis-free survival and event-free survival, and this correlation was observed in all subgroups with different characteristics. These findings comprehensively elucidated the genomic profile and revealed novel prognostic factors in OS, which would contribute to understanding this disease and promoting precision medicine of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan HospitalPeking UniversityBeijingChina
- Fourth Medical College of Peking UniversityBeijingChina
- National Center for OrthopeadicsBeijingChina
| | | | - Zhen Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan HospitalPeking UniversityBeijingChina
- Fourth Medical College of Peking UniversityBeijingChina
- National Center for OrthopeadicsBeijingChina
| | - Yaping Li
- Acornmed Biotechnology Co., Ltd.BeijingChina
| | | | - Yongkun Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan HospitalPeking UniversityBeijingChina
- Fourth Medical College of Peking UniversityBeijingChina
- National Center for OrthopeadicsBeijingChina
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan HospitalPeking UniversityBeijingChina
- Fourth Medical College of Peking UniversityBeijingChina
- National Center for OrthopeadicsBeijingChina
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan HospitalPeking UniversityBeijingChina
- Fourth Medical College of Peking UniversityBeijingChina
- National Center for OrthopeadicsBeijingChina
| | - Zhiping Deng
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan HospitalPeking UniversityBeijingChina
- Fourth Medical College of Peking UniversityBeijingChina
- National Center for OrthopeadicsBeijingChina
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan HospitalPeking UniversityBeijingChina
- Fourth Medical College of Peking UniversityBeijingChina
- National Center for OrthopeadicsBeijingChina
| | - Feng Lou
- Acornmed Biotechnology Co., Ltd.BeijingChina
| | - Shanbo Cao
- Acornmed Biotechnology Co., Ltd.BeijingChina
| | - Huina Wang
- Acornmed Biotechnology Co., Ltd.BeijingChina
| | - Xiaohui Niu
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan HospitalPeking UniversityBeijingChina
- Fourth Medical College of Peking UniversityBeijingChina
- National Center for OrthopeadicsBeijingChina
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14
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Zhou Y, Ray PS, Zhu J, Stein F, Rettel M, Sekaran T, Sahadevan S, Perez-Perri JI, Roth EK, Myklebost O, Meza-Zepeda LA, von Deimling A, Fu C, Brosig AN, Boye K, Nathrath M, Blattmann C, Lehner B, Hentze MW, Kulozik AE. Systematic analysis of RNA-binding proteins identifies targetable therapeutic vulnerabilities in osteosarcoma. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2810. [PMID: 38561347 PMCID: PMC10984982 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47031-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor with a strong tendency to metastasize, limiting the prognosis of affected patients. Genomic, epigenomic and transcriptomic analyses have demonstrated the exquisite molecular complexity of this tumor, but have not sufficiently defined the underlying mechanisms or identified promising therapeutic targets. To systematically explore RNA-protein interactions relevant to OS, we define the RNA interactomes together with the full proteome and the transcriptome of cells from five malignant bone tumors (four osteosarcomata and one malignant giant cell tumor of the bone) and from normal mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts. These analyses uncover both systematic changes of the RNA-binding activities of defined RNA-binding proteins common to all osteosarcomata and individual alterations that are observed in only a subset of tumors. Functional analyses reveal a particular vulnerability of these tumors to translation inhibition and a positive feedback loop involving the RBP IGF2BP3 and the transcription factor Myc which affects cellular translation and OS cell viability. Our results thus provide insight into potentially clinically relevant RNA-binding protein-dependent mechanisms of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), Heidelberg University and European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Partho Sarothi Ray
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), Heidelberg University and European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jianguo Zhu
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Stein
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mandy Rettel
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Sudeep Sahadevan
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Eva K Roth
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), Heidelberg University and European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ola Myklebost
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Leonardo A Meza-Zepeda
- Genomics Core Facility, Department of Core Facilities, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), and Hopp Children's Cancer Center at the NCT Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chuli Fu
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annika N Brosig
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), Heidelberg University and European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kjetil Boye
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michaela Nathrath
- Department of Pediatrics and Children's Cancer Research Center, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Klinikum Kassel, Kassel, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Olga Hospital, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Claudia Blattmann
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Olga Hospital, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Burkhard Lehner
- Department of Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Paraplegiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias W Hentze
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), Heidelberg University and European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Andreas E Kulozik
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), Heidelberg University and European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Leukemia, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
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15
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Jacobs JE, Davis L, McWeeney S. Single nucleotide variants in nuclear pore complex disassembly pathway associated with poor survival in osteosarcoma. Front Genet 2024; 15:1303404. [PMID: 38562379 PMCID: PMC10982431 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1303404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The bone tumor, osteosarcoma, remains challenging to treat in children and young adults, especially when patients present with metastatic disease. Developing new therapies based on genomic data from sequencing projects has proven difficult given the lack of recurrent genetic lesions across tumors. MYC overexpression has been associated with poor outcomes in osteosarcoma. However, other genomic markers of disease severity are lacking. Materials and Methods We utilized whole genome sequencing of 106 tumors and matched normal controls in order to define genomic characteristics that correlate with overall survival. Single nucleotide variants were overlaid onto annotated molecular pathways in order to define aberrant pathway signatures specific to aggressive osteosarcoma. Additionally, we calculated differential gene expression in a subsample of 71 tumors. Differentially expressed genes were then queried for known MYC-responsive genes. Results Molecular pathways specific to nuclear pore complex disassembly (NPCD) show significant correlation with poor overall survival in osteosarcoma when mutations were present. Genes involved in immune response and immune regulation are enriched in the differential expression analysis of samples with and without NPCD pathway aberrations. Furthermore, neither MYC nor MYC-responsive genes show differential expression between NPCD-aberrant and non-aberrant groups. The NPCD pathway mutations are dominated by regulatory region variants rather than protein-altering mutations, suggesting that dysregulation of genetic regulatory networks may be the underlying mechanism for their relation to osteosarcoma phenotype. Discussion Overall survival is significantly worse in patients whose tumors show aberrations in the NPCD pathway. Moreover, this difference in survival is not driven by MYC-overexpression, suggesting a novel mechanism for some aggressive osteosarcomas. These findings add light to the evolving understanding of the drivers of osteosarcoma and may aid in the search for new treatments based on patient-specific genetic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E. Jacobs
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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16
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Heim TE, Hankins ML, Belayneh R, Douglas N, Dinh V, Kovvur M, Boone DN, Ukani V, Bhogal S, Patel V, Moniz TMA, Bailey KM, John I, Schoedel K, Weiss KR, Watters RJ. RNA-sequencing predicts a role of androgen receptor and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 in osteosarcoma lung metastases. Oncogene 2024; 43:1007-1018. [PMID: 38361046 PMCID: PMC10978487 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-02957-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
One-third of pediatric patients with osteosarcoma (OS) develop lung metastases (LM), which is the primary predictor of mortality. While current treatments of patients with localized bone disease have been successful in producing 5-year survival rates of 65-70%, patients with LM experience poor survival rates of only 19-30%. Unacceptably, this situation that has remained unchanged for 30 years. Thus, there is an urgent need to elucidate the mechanisms of metastatic spread in OS and to identify targetable molecular pathways that enable more effective treatments for patients with LM. We aimed to identify OS-specific gene alterations using RNA-sequencing of extremity and LM human tissues. Samples of extremity and LM tumors, including 4 matched sets, were obtained from patients with OS. Our data demonstrate aberrant regulation of the androgen receptor (AR) pathway in LM and predicts aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) as a downstream target. Identification of AR pathway upregulation in human LM tissue samples may provide a target for novel therapeutics for patients with LM resistant to conventional chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya E Heim
- University of Pittsburgh Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Margaret L Hankins
- University of Pittsburgh Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rebekah Belayneh
- University of Pittsburgh Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nerone Douglas
- University of Pittsburgh Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Vu Dinh
- University of Pittsburgh Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Murali Kovvur
- University of Pittsburgh Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David N Boone
- University of Pittsburgh Department of Biomedical Informatics, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Vrutika Ukani
- University of Pittsburgh Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sumail Bhogal
- University of Pittsburgh Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Vaidehi Patel
- University of Pittsburgh Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Taylor M A Moniz
- Columbia University with Trinity College, Dublin, UK
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center Academy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kelly M Bailey
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ivy John
- University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Karen Schoedel
- University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kurt R Weiss
- University of Pittsburgh Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rebecca J Watters
- University of Pittsburgh Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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17
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Wang Y, Ma X, Xu E, Huang Z, Yang C, Zhu K, Dong Y, Zhang C. Identifying squalene epoxidase as a metabolic vulnerability in high-risk osteosarcoma using an artificial intelligence-derived prognostic index. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1586. [PMID: 38372422 PMCID: PMC10875711 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OSA) presents a clinical challenge and has a low 5-year survival rate. Currently, the lack of advanced stratification models makes personalized therapy difficult. This study aims to identify novel biomarkers to stratify high-risk OSA patients and guide treatment. METHODS We combined 10 machine-learning algorithms into 101 combinations, from which the optimal model was established for predicting overall survival based on transcriptomic profiles for 254 samples. Alterations in transcriptomic, genomic and epigenomic landscapes were assessed to elucidate mechanisms driving poor prognosis. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) unveiled genes overexpressed in OSA cells as potential therapeutic targets, one of which was validated via tissue staining, knockdown and pharmacological inhibition. We characterized changes in multiple phenotypes, including proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, chemosensitivity and in vivo tumourigenicity. RNA-seq and Western blotting elucidated the impact of squalene epoxidase (SQLE) suppression on signalling pathways. RESULTS The artificial intelligence-derived prognostic index (AIDPI), generated by our model, was an independent prognostic biomarker, outperforming clinicopathological factors and previously published signatures. Incorporating the AIDPI with clinical factors into a nomogram improved predictive accuracy. For user convenience, both the model and nomogram are accessible online. Patients in the high-AIDPI group exhibited chemoresistance, coupled with overexpression of MYC and SQLE, increased mTORC1 signalling, disrupted PI3K-Akt signalling, and diminished immune infiltration. ScRNA-seq revealed high expression of MYC and SQLE in OSA cells. Elevated SQLE expression correlated with chemoresistance and worse outcomes in OSA patients. Therapeutically, silencing SQLE suppressed OSA malignancy and enhanced chemosensitivity, mediated by cholesterol depletion and suppression of the FAK/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Furthermore, the SQLE-specific inhibitor FR194738 demonstrated anti-OSA effects in vivo and exhibited synergistic effects with chemotherapeutic agents. CONCLUSIONS AIDPI is a robust biomarker for identifying the high-risk subset of OSA patients. The SQLE protein emerges as a metabolic vulnerability in these patients, providing a target with translational potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
- Institute of Bone Tumor Affiliated to Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
- Proteomics and Cancer Cell Signaling Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Xiaolong Ma
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
- Institute of Bone Tumor Affiliated to Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Enjie Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
- Institute of Bone Tumor Affiliated to Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Zhen Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
- Institute of Bone Tumor Affiliated to Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Kunpeng Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
- Institute of Bone Tumor Affiliated to Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Yang Dong
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Chunlin Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
- Institute of Bone Tumor Affiliated to Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
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18
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Ferrena A, Wang J, Zhang R, Karadal-Ferrena B, Al-Hardan W, Singh S, Borjihan H, Schwartz EL, Zhao H, Oktay MH, Yang R, Geller DS, Hoang BH, Zheng D. SKP2 Knockout in Rb1/p53-Deficient Mouse Models of Osteosarcoma Induces Immune Infiltration and Drives a Transcriptional Program with a Favorable Prognosis. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:223-234. [PMID: 37871911 PMCID: PMC10842346 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is an aggressive bone malignancy with a poor prognosis. One putative proto-oncogene in osteosarcoma is SKP2, encoding a substrate recognition factor of the SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase. We previously demonstrated that Skp2 knockout in murine osteosarcoma improved survival and delayed tumorigenesis. Here, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) on tumors from a transgenic osteosarcoma mouse model with conditional Trp53 and Rb1 knockouts in the osteoblast lineage ("DKO": Osx1-Cre;Rb1lox/lox;p53lox/lox) and a triple-knockout model with additional Skp2 germline knockout ("TKO": Osx1-Cre;Rb1lox/lox;p53lox/lox;Skp2-/-), followed by qPCR and immunohistochemistry validation. To investigate the clinical implications of our results, we analyzed a human osteosarcoma patient cohort ("NCI-TARGET OS") with RNA-seq and clinical data. We found large differences in gene expression after SKP2 knockout. Surprisingly, we observed increased expression of genes related to immune microenvironment infiltration in TKO tumors, especially the signature genes for macrophages and to a lesser extent, T cells, B cells, and vascular cells. We also uncovered a set of relevant transcription factors that may mediate these changes. In osteosarcoma patient cohorts, high expression of genes upregulated in TKO was correlated with favorable overall survival, which was largely explained by the macrophage gene signatures. This relationship was further supported by our finding that SKP2 expression was negatively correlated with macrophage infiltration in the NCI-TARGET osteosarcoma and the TCGA Sarcoma cohorts. Overall, our findings indicate that SKP2 may mediate immune exclusion from the osteosarcoma tumor microenvironment, suggesting that SKP2 modulation in osteosarcoma may induce antitumor immune activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Ferrena
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jichuan Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ranxin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Waleed Al-Hardan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Swapnil Singh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Hasibagan Borjihan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Edward L. Schwartz
- Department of Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Hongling Zhao
- Department of Developmental & Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Maja H. Oktay
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Integrated Imaging Program, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - David S Geller
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Bang H Hoang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Deyou Zheng
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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19
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Welch DL, Fridley BL, Cen L, Teer JK, Yoder SJ, Pettersson F, Xu L, Cheng CH, Zhang Y, Alexandrow MG, Xiang S, Robertson-Tessi M, Brown JS, Metts J, Brohl AS, Reed DR. Modeling phenotypic heterogeneity towards evolutionarily inspired osteosarcoma therapy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20125. [PMID: 37978271 PMCID: PMC10656496 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47412-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common bone sarcoma in children and young adults. While universally delivered, chemotherapy only benefits roughly half of patients with localized disease. Increasingly, intratumoral heterogeneity is recognized as a source of therapeutic resistance. In this study, we develop and evaluate an in vitro model of osteosarcoma heterogeneity based on phenotype and genotype. Cancer cell populations vary in their environment-specific growth rates and in their sensitivity to chemotherapy. We present the genotypic and phenotypic characterization of an osteosarcoma cell line panel with a focus on co-cultures of the most phenotypically divergent cell lines, 143B and SAOS2. Modest environmental (pH, glutamine) or chemical perturbations dramatically shift the success and composition of cell lines. We demonstrate that in nutrient rich culture conditions 143B outcompetes SAOS2. But, under nutrient deprivation or conventional chemotherapy, SAOS2 growth can be favored in spheroids. Importantly, when the simplest heterogeneity state is evaluated, a two-cell line coculture, perturbations that affect the faster growing cell line have only a modest effect on final spheroid size. Thus the only evaluated therapies to eliminate the spheroids were by switching therapies from a first strike to a second strike. This extensively characterized, widely available system, can be modeled and scaled to allow for improved strategies to anticipate resistance in osteosarcoma due to heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darcy L Welch
- Adolescent and Young Adult Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Individualized Cancer Management, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Brooke L Fridley
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ling Cen
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jamie K Teer
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Sean J Yoder
- Molecular Genomics Core Facility, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Fredrik Pettersson
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Liping Xu
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Chia-Ho Cheng
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Mark G Alexandrow
- Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Shengyan Xiang
- Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Mark Robertson-Tessi
- Integrative Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
- Cancer Biology and Evolution, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Joel S Brown
- Integrative Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
- Cancer Biology and Evolution, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jonathan Metts
- Sarcoma Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Andrew S Brohl
- Sarcoma Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
- Molecular Medicine Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Damon R Reed
- Adolescent and Young Adult Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
- Department of Individualized Cancer Management, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
- Integrative Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
- Cancer Biology and Evolution, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
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20
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Kinnaman MD, Zaccaria S, Makohon-Moore A, Arnold B, Levine MF, Gundem G, Arango Ossa JE, Glodzik D, Rodríguez-Sánchez MI, Bouvier N, Li S, Stockfisch E, Dunigan M, Cobbs C, Bhanot UK, You D, Mullen K, Melchor JP, Ortiz MV, O'Donohue TJ, Slotkin EK, Wexler LH, Dela Cruz FS, Hameed MR, Glade Bender JL, Tap WD, Meyers PA, Papaemmanuil E, Kung AL, Iacobuzio-Donahue CA. Subclonal Somatic Copy-Number Alterations Emerge and Dominate in Recurrent Osteosarcoma. Cancer Res 2023; 83:3796-3812. [PMID: 37812025 PMCID: PMC10646480 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-0385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Multiple large-scale genomic profiling efforts have been undertaken in osteosarcoma to define the genomic drivers of tumorigenesis, therapeutic response, and disease recurrence. The spatial and temporal intratumor heterogeneity could also play a role in promoting tumor growth and treatment resistance. We conducted longitudinal whole-genome sequencing of 37 tumor samples from 8 patients with relapsed or refractory osteosarcoma. Each patient had at least one sample from a primary site and a metastatic or relapse site. Subclonal copy-number alterations were identified in all patients except one. In 5 patients, subclones from the primary tumor emerged and dominated at subsequent relapses. MYC gain/amplification was enriched in the treatment-resistant clones in 6 of 7 patients with multiple clones. Amplifications in other potential driver genes, such as CCNE1, RAD21, VEGFA, and IGF1R, were also observed in the resistant copy-number clones. A chromosomal duplication timing analysis revealed that complex genomic rearrangements typically occurred prior to diagnosis, supporting a macroevolutionary model of evolution, where a large number of genomic aberrations are acquired over a short period of time followed by clonal selection, as opposed to ongoing evolution. A mutational signature analysis of recurrent tumors revealed that homologous repair deficiency (HRD)-related SBS3 increases at each time point in patients with recurrent disease, suggesting that HRD continues to be an active mutagenic process after diagnosis. Overall, by examining the clonal relationships between temporally and spatially separated samples from patients with relapsed/refractory osteosarcoma, this study sheds light on the intratumor heterogeneity and potential drivers of treatment resistance in this disease. SIGNIFICANCE The chemoresistant population in recurrent osteosarcoma is subclonal at diagnosis, emerges at the time of primary resection due to selective pressure from neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and is characterized by unique oncogenic amplifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D. Kinnaman
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | - Simone Zaccaria
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Computational Cancer Genomics Research Group, University College London Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alvin Makohon-Moore
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Brian Arnold
- Department of Computer Science, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
- Center for Statistics and Machine Learning, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Max F. Levine
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Gunes Gundem
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Juan E. Arango Ossa
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Dominik Glodzik
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Nancy Bouvier
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Shanita Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Emily Stockfisch
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Marisa Dunigan
- Integrated Genomics Operation Core, Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Cassidy Cobbs
- Integrated Genomics Operation Core, Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Umesh K. Bhanot
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Precision Pathology Biobanking Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Daoqi You
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Katelyn Mullen
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Gerstner Sloan Kettering Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, New York, New York
| | - Jerry P. Melchor
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael V. Ortiz
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Tara J. O'Donohue
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Emily K. Slotkin
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Leonard H. Wexler
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Filemon S. Dela Cruz
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Meera R. Hameed
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Julia L. Glade Bender
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - William D. Tap
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Paul A. Meyers
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Elli Papaemmanuil
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Andrew L. Kung
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Christine A. Iacobuzio-Donahue
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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21
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Vaghjiani VG, Cochrane CR, Jayasekara WSN, Chong WC, Szczepny A, Kumar B, Martelotto LG, McCaw A, Carey K, Kansara M, Thomas DM, Walkley C, Mudge S, Gough DJ, Downie PA, Peacock CD, Matsui W, Watkins DN, Cain JE. Ligand-dependent hedgehog signaling maintains an undifferentiated, malignant osteosarcoma phenotype. Oncogene 2023; 42:3529-3541. [PMID: 37845394 PMCID: PMC10656285 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02864-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
TP53 and RB1 loss-of-function mutations are common in osteosarcoma. During development, combined loss of TP53 and RB1 function leads to downregulation of autophagy and the aberrant formation of primary cilia, cellular organelles essential for the transmission of canonical Hedgehog (Hh) signaling. Excess cilia formation then leads to hypersensitivity to Hedgehog (Hh) ligand signaling. In mouse and human models, we now show that osteosarcomas with mutations in TP53 and RB1 exhibit enhanced ligand-dependent Hh pathway activation through Smoothened (SMO), a transmembrane signaling molecule required for activation of the canonical Hh pathway. This dependence is mediated by hypersensitivity to Hh ligand and is accompanied by impaired autophagy and increased primary cilia formation and expression of Hh ligand in vivo. Using a conditional genetic mouse model of Trp53 and Rb1 inactivation in osteoblast progenitors, we further show that deletion of Smo converts the highly malignant osteosarcoma phenotype to benign, well differentiated bone tumors. Conversely, conditional overexpression of SHH ligand, or a gain-of-function SMO mutant in committed osteoblast progenitors during development blocks terminal bone differentiation. Finally, we demonstrate that the SMO antagonist sonidegib (LDE225) induces growth arrest and terminal differentiation in vivo in osteosarcomas that express primary cilia and Hh ligand combined with mutations in TP53. These results provide a mechanistic framework for aberrant Hh signaling in osteosarcoma based on defining mutations in the tumor suppressor, TP53.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Catherine R Cochrane
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | | | - Wai Chin Chong
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Anette Szczepny
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Beena Kumar
- Department of Pathology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Luciano G Martelotto
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Andrew McCaw
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Kirstyn Carey
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Maya Kansara
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - David M Thomas
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
- St.Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, 1466, Australia
| | - Carl Walkley
- St. Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, 3065, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, 3065, Australia
| | - Stuart Mudge
- Mayne Pharma International Pty Ltd, Salisbury Sth, SA, 5106, Australia
| | - Daniel J Gough
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Peter A Downie
- Monash Children's Cancer Centre, Monash Children's Hospital, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Craig D Peacock
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - William Matsui
- Department of Oncology and Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - D Neil Watkins
- Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3E-0V9, Canada.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Heath Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3A-1R9, Canada.
| | - Jason E Cain
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia.
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia.
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22
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Kim C, Davis LE, Albert CM, Samuels B, Roberts JL, Wagner MJ. Osteosarcoma in Pediatric and Adult Populations: Are Adults Just Big Kids? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5044. [PMID: 37894411 PMCID: PMC10604996 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant bone tumors are commonly classified as pediatric or adolescent malignancies, and clinical trials for these diseases have generally focused on these populations. Of primary bone cancers, osteosarcoma is among the most common. Osteosarcoma has a bimodal age distribution, with the first peak occurring in patients from 10 to 14 years old, and the second peak occurring in patients older than 65, with about 25% of cases occurring in adults between 20 and 59 years old. Notably, adult osteosarcoma patients have worse outcomes than their pediatric counterparts. It remains unclear whether age itself is a poor prognostic factor, or if inherent differences in tumor biology exist between age groups. Despite these unknowns, current treatment strategies for adults are largely extrapolated from pediatric studies since the majority of clinical trials for osteosarcoma treatments are based on younger patient populations. In light of the different prognoses observed in pediatric and adult osteosarcoma, we summarize the current understanding of the molecular etiology of osteosarcoma and how it may differ between age groups, hypothesizing why adult patients have worse outcomes compared to children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Kim
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Washington, Spokane, WA 99202, USA;
| | - Lara E. Davis
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Catherine M. Albert
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, Bone Marrow Transplant and Cellular Therapy, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | | | - Jesse L. Roberts
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Michael J. Wagner
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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23
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Richert I, Berchard P, Abbes L, Novikov A, Chettab K, Vandermoeten A, Dumontet C, Karanian M, Kerzerho J, Caroff M, Blay JY, Dutour A. A TLR4 Agonist Induces Osteosarcoma Regression by Inducing an Antitumor Immune Response and Reprogramming M2 Macrophages to M1 Macrophages. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4635. [PMID: 37760603 PMCID: PMC10526955 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OsA) has limited treatment options and stagnant 5-year survival rates. Its immune microenvironment is characterized by a predominance of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), whose role in OsA progression remain unclear. Nevertheless, immunotherapies aiming to modulate macrophages activation and polarization could be of interest for OsA treatment. In this study, the antitumor effect of a liposome-encapsulated chemically detoxified lipopolysaccharide (Lipo-MP-LPS) was evaluated as a therapeutic approach for OsA. Lipo-MP-LPS is a toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist sufficiently safe and soluble to be IV administered at effective doses. Lipo-MP-LPS exhibited a significant antitumor response, with tumor regression in 50% of treated animals and delayed tumor progression in the remaining 50%. The agent inhibited tumor growth by 75%, surpassing the efficacy of other immunotherapies tested in OsA. Lipo-MP-LPS modulated OsA's immune microenvironment by favoring the transition of M2 macrophages to M1 phenotype, creating a proinflammatory milieu and facilitating T-cell recruitment and antitumor immune response. Overall, the study demonstrates the potent antitumor effect of Lipo-MP-LPS as monotherapy in an OsA immunocompetent model. Reprogramming macrophages and altering the immune microenvironment likely contribute to the observed tumor control. These findings support the concept of immunomodulatory approaches for the treatment of highly resistant tumors like OsA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iseulys Richert
- Cell Death and Pediatric Cancers Team INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 69373 Lyon, France (P.B.); (L.A.); (J.-Y.B.)
| | - Paul Berchard
- Cell Death and Pediatric Cancers Team INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 69373 Lyon, France (P.B.); (L.A.); (J.-Y.B.)
| | - Lhorra Abbes
- Cell Death and Pediatric Cancers Team INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 69373 Lyon, France (P.B.); (L.A.); (J.-Y.B.)
| | - Alexey Novikov
- HEPHAISTOS-Pharma, 21 rue Jean Rostand, 91400 Orsay, France; (A.N.); (J.K.); (M.C.)
| | - Kamel Chettab
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 69373 Lyon, France; (K.C.); (C.D.)
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Alexandra Vandermoeten
- SCAR, Rockefeller Medecine School, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69367 Lyon, France;
| | - Charles Dumontet
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 69373 Lyon, France; (K.C.); (C.D.)
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Marie Karanian
- Department of Biopathology, Léon Bérard Center, Unicancer, 69008 Lyon, France;
| | - Jerome Kerzerho
- HEPHAISTOS-Pharma, 21 rue Jean Rostand, 91400 Orsay, France; (A.N.); (J.K.); (M.C.)
| | - Martine Caroff
- HEPHAISTOS-Pharma, 21 rue Jean Rostand, 91400 Orsay, France; (A.N.); (J.K.); (M.C.)
| | - Jean-Yves Blay
- Cell Death and Pediatric Cancers Team INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 69373 Lyon, France (P.B.); (L.A.); (J.-Y.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Léon Bérard Center, Unicancer, 69008 Lyon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Aurélie Dutour
- Cell Death and Pediatric Cancers Team INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 69373 Lyon, France (P.B.); (L.A.); (J.-Y.B.)
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24
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Reed DR, Grohar P, Rubin E, Binitie O, Krailo M, Davis J, DuBois SG, Janeway KA. Children's Oncology Group's 2023 blueprint for research: Bone tumors. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70 Suppl 6:e30583. [PMID: 37501549 PMCID: PMC10499366 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The Children's Oncology Group (COG) Bone Tumor Committee is responsible for clinical trials and biological research on localized, metastatic, and recurrent osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma (EWS). Results of clinical trials in localized disease completed and published in the past 10 years have led to international standard-of-care chemotherapy for osteosarcoma and EWS. A recent focus on identifying disease subgroups has led to the identification of biological features associated with poor outcomes including the presence of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) at diagnosis, and specific genomic alterations-MYC amplification for osteosarcoma and STAG2 and TP53 mutation for EWS. Studies validating these potential biomarkers are under way. Clinical trials evaluating the addition of multitargeted kinase inhibitors, which are active in relapsed bone sarcomas, to standard chemotherapy are under way in osteosarcoma and planned in EWS. In addition, the Committee has data analyses and a clinical trial under way to evaluate approaches to local management of the primary tumor and metastatic sites. Given the rarity of bone sarcomas, we have prioritized international interactions and are in the process of forming an international data-sharing consortium to facilitate refinement of risk stratification and study of rare disease subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damon R Reed
- Department of Individualized Cancer Management, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Patrick Grohar
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elyssa Rubin
- Department of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California, USA
| | - Odion Binitie
- Department of Sarcoma, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Mark Krailo
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California and Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia, California, USA
| | - Jessica Davis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Steven G DuBois
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katherine A Janeway
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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25
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Glaviano A, Foo ASC, Lam HY, Yap KCH, Jacot W, Jones RH, Eng H, Nair MG, Makvandi P, Geoerger B, Kulke MH, Baird RD, Prabhu JS, Carbone D, Pecoraro C, Teh DBL, Sethi G, Cavalieri V, Lin KH, Javidi-Sharifi NR, Toska E, Davids MS, Brown JR, Diana P, Stebbing J, Fruman DA, Kumar AP. PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling transduction pathway and targeted therapies in cancer. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:138. [PMID: 37596643 PMCID: PMC10436543 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01827-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 132.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The PI3K/AKT/mTOR (PAM) signaling pathway is a highly conserved signal transduction network in eukaryotic cells that promotes cell survival, cell growth, and cell cycle progression. Growth factor signalling to transcription factors in the PAM axis is highly regulated by multiple cross-interactions with several other signaling pathways, and dysregulation of signal transduction can predispose to cancer development. The PAM axis is the most frequently activated signaling pathway in human cancer and is often implicated in resistance to anticancer therapies. Dysfunction of components of this pathway such as hyperactivity of PI3K, loss of function of PTEN, and gain-of-function of AKT, are notorious drivers of treatment resistance and disease progression in cancer. In this review we highlight the major dysregulations in the PAM signaling pathway in cancer, and discuss the results of PI3K, AKT and mTOR inhibitors as monotherapy and in co-administation with other antineoplastic agents in clinical trials as a strategy for overcoming treatment resistance. Finally, the major mechanisms of resistance to PAM signaling targeted therapies, including PAM signaling in immunology and immunotherapies are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Glaviano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Aaron S C Foo
- Department of Surgery, National University Hospital Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hiu Y Lam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - Kenneth C H Yap
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - William Jacot
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Inserm U1194, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Robert H Jones
- Cardiff University and Velindre Cancer Centre, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Huiyan Eng
- Department of Surgery, National University Hospital Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Madhumathy G Nair
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, 560034, India
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Birgit Geoerger
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Inserm U1015, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Matthew H Kulke
- Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard D Baird
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Jyothi S Prabhu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, 560034, India
| | - Daniela Carbone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Camilla Pecoraro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniel B L Teh
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, and Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Surgery, National University Hospital Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Vincenzo Cavalieri
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Kevin H Lin
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Eneda Toska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew S Davids
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer R Brown
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Justin Stebbing
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - David A Fruman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, 216 Sprague Hall, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Alan P Kumar
- Department of Surgery, National University Hospital Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
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26
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Sarver AL, Mills LJ, Makielski KM, Temiz NA, Wang J, Spector LG, Subramanian S, Modiano JF. Distinct mechanisms of PTEN inactivation in dogs and humans highlight convergent molecular events that drive cell division in the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma. Cancer Genet 2023; 276-277:1-11. [PMID: 37267683 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A hallmark of osteosarcoma in both human and canine tumors is somatic fragmentation and rearrangement of chromosome structure which leads to recurrent increases and decreases in DNA copy number. The PTEN gene has been implicated as an important tumor suppressor in osteosarcoma via forward genetic screens. Here, we analyzed copy number changes, promoter methylation and transcriptomes to better understand the role of PTEN in canine and human osteosarcoma. Reduction in PTEN copy number was observed in 23 of 95 (25%) of the canine tumors examined leading to corresponding decreases in PTEN transcript levels from RNA-Seq samples. Unexpectedly, canine tumors with an intact PTEN locus had higher levels of PTEN transcripts than human tumors. This variation in transcript abundance was used to evaluate the role of PTEN in osteosarcoma biology. Decreased PTEN copy number and transcript level was observed in - and likely an important driver of - increases in cell cycle transcripts in four independent canine transcriptional datasets. In human osteosarcoma, homozygous copy number loss was not observed, instead increased methylation of the PTEN promoter was associated with increased cell cycle transcripts. Somatic modification of PTEN, either by homozygous deletion in dogs or by promoter methylation in humans, is clinically relevant to osteosarcoma, because the cell cycle related transcripts are associated with patient outcomes. The PTEN gene is part of a syntenic rearrangement unique to the canine genome, making it susceptible to somatic loss of both copies of distal chromosome 26 which also includes the FAS death receptor. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: PTEN function is abrogated by different mechanisms in canine and human osteosarcoma tumors leading to uncontrolled cell cycling. Somatic loss of this canine specific syntenic region may help explain why the canine genome appears to be uniquely susceptible to osteosarcoma. Syntenic arrangement, in the context of copy number change, may lead to synergistic interactions that in turn modify species specific cancer risk. Comparative models of tumorigenesis may utilize different driver mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron L Sarver
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
| | - Lauren J Mills
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Kelly M Makielski
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Nuri A Temiz
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Logan G Spector
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Subbaya Subramanian
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jaime F Modiano
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Engineering and Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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27
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Man YN, Sun Y, Chen PJ, Wu H, He ML. TAF1D Functions as a Novel Biomarker in Osteosarcoma. J Cancer 2023; 14:2051-2065. [PMID: 37497412 PMCID: PMC10367927 DOI: 10.7150/jca.85688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The most frequent primary bone cancer in teenagers, osteosarcoma (OS), is particularly aggressive with a high mortality rate. Methods: By combining public databases, OS and non-cancer samples were obtained. The Wilcoxon test and standardized mean difference (SMD) were utilized to evaluate the mRNA expression level of TATA-box binding protein associated factor, RNA polymerase 1 subunit D (TAF1D). The potential of TAF1D to discriminate OS samples from non-cancer samples was revealed by summary receiver operating characteristic curve (sROC). To investigate the prognostic significance, Kaplan‒Meier curve and univariate Cox analysis were performed. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to determine the TAF1D protein expression level. ESTIMATE algorithm and TIMER2.0 database were used to reveal the association between TAF1D expression and the immune microenvironment. Enrichment analysis and potential drug prediction were performed to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms and possible therapeutic directions of TAF1D. Ultimately, the transcription factors (TFs) and the TAF1D binding site were predicted based on the Cistrome and JASPAR databases. Results: TAF1D was upregulated in OS at the mRNA and protein levels and possessed robust discriminatory power. TAF1D upregulation was suggestive of worse prognosis and enhancement of tumor purity in OS patients. The cell cycle was the most significantly enriched pathway, and NU.1025 was considered to be the potential target agent. Finally, MYC was identified as a TF that regulates the expression of TAF1D. Conclusions: Altogether, TAF1D has the potential to serve as a biological marker and therapeutic target in OS, which could offer new perspectives for OS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Nan Man
- Division of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 6, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China, 530021
| | - Yu Sun
- Division of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 6, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China, 530021
| | - Pei-Jun Chen
- Division of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 6, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China, 530021
| | - Hao Wu
- Division of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 6, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China, 530021
| | - Mao-Lin He
- Division of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 6, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China, 530021
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China. 530021 (Guangxi-ASEAN Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China, 530021)
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28
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Earland N, Chen K, Semenkovich NP, Chauhan PS, Zevallos JP, Chaudhuri AA. Emerging Roles of Circulating Tumor DNA for Increased Precision and Personalization in Radiation Oncology. Semin Radiat Oncol 2023; 33:262-278. [PMID: 37331781 DOI: 10.1016/j.semradonc.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Recent breakthroughs in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) technologies present a compelling opportunity to combine this emerging liquid biopsy approach with the field of radiogenomics, the study of how tumor genomics correlate with radiotherapy response and radiotoxicity. Canonically, ctDNA levels reflect metastatic tumor burden, although newer ultrasensitive technologies can be used after curative-intent radiotherapy of localized disease to assess ctDNA for minimal residual disease (MRD) detection or for post-treatment surveillance. Furthermore, several studies have demonstrated the potential utility of ctDNA analysis across various cancer types managed with radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy, including sarcoma and cancers of the head and neck, lung, colon, rectum, bladder, and prostate . Additionally, because peripheral blood mononuclear cells are routinely collected alongside ctDNA to filter out mutations associated with clonal hematopoiesis, these cells are also available for single nucleotide polymorphism analysis and could potentially be used to detect patients at high risk for radiotoxicity. Lastly, future ctDNA assays will be utilized to better assess locoregional MRD in order to more precisely guide adjuvant radiotherapy after surgery in cases of localized disease, and guide ablative radiotherapy in cases of oligometastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Earland
- Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Kevin Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Nicholas P Semenkovich
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Pradeep S Chauhan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jose P Zevallos
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Aadel A Chaudhuri
- Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Siteman Cancer Center, Barnes Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO.
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29
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Pires SF, Barros JSD, Costa SSD, Carmo GBD, Scliar MDO, Lengert AVH, Boldrini É, Silva SRMD, Vidal DO, Maschietto M, Krepischi ACV. Analysis of the Mutational Landscape of Osteosarcomas Identifies Genes Related to Metastasis and Prognosis and Disrupted Biological Pathways of Immune Response and Bone Development. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10463. [PMID: 37445641 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most prevalent type of bone tumor, but slow progress has been achieved in disentangling the full set of genomic events involved in its initiation and progression. We assessed by NGS the mutational spectrum of 28 primary OSs from Brazilian patients, and identified 445 potentially deleterious SNVs/indels and 1176 copy number alterations (CNAs). TP53 was the most recurrently mutated gene, with an overall rate of ~60%, considering SNVs/indels and CNAs. The most frequent CNAs (~60%) were gains at 1q21.2q21.3, 6p21.1, and 8q13.3q24.22, and losses at 10q26 and 13q14.3q21.1. Seven cases presented CNA patterns reminiscent of complex events (chromothripsis and chromoanasynthesis). Putative RB1 and TP53 germline variants were found in five samples associated with metastasis at diagnosis along with complex genomic patterns of CNAs. PTPRQ, KNL1, ZFHX4, and DMD alterations were prevalent in metastatic or deceased patients, being potentially indicative of poor prognosis. TNFRSF11B, involved in skeletal system development and maintenance, emerged as a candidate for osteosarcomagenesis due to its biological function and a high frequency of copy number gains. A protein-protein network enrichment highlighted biological pathways involved in immunity and bone development. Our findings reinforced the high genomic OS instability and heterogeneity, and led to the identification of novel disrupted genes deserving further evaluation as biomarkers due to their association with poor outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ferreira Pires
- Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Juliana Sobral de Barros
- Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Silvia Souza da Costa
- Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Bandeira do Carmo
- Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Marília de Oliveira Scliar
- Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | | | - Érica Boldrini
- Barretos Children's Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-400, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Onofre Vidal
- Molecular Oncology Research Center (CPOM), Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-384, Brazil
| | - Mariana Maschietto
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas 13083-884, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Victorino Krepischi
- Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
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30
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Ferrena A, Wang J, Zhang R, Karadal-Ferrena B, Al-Hardan W, Singh S, Borjihan H, Schwartz E, Zhao H, Yang R, Geller D, Hoang B, Zheng D. SKP2 knockout in Rb1/p53 deficient mouse models of osteosarcoma induces immune infiltration and drives a transcriptional program with a favorable prognosis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.09.540053. [PMID: 37214958 PMCID: PMC10197654 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.09.540053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive bone malignancy with a poor prognosis. One putative proto-oncogene in OS is SKP2, encoding a substrate recognition factor of the SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase. We previously demonstrated that SKP2 knockout in murine OS improved survival and delayed tumorigenesis. Here we aim to define the SKP2 drives transcriptional program and its clinical implication in OS. Experimental Design We performed RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) on tumors from a transgenic OS mouse model with conditional Trp53 and Rb1 knockouts in the osteoblast lineage ("DKO": Osx1-Cre;Rb1lox/lox;p53lox/lox) and a triple-knockout model with additional Skp2 germline knockout ("TKO": Osx1-Cre;Rb1lox/lox;p53lox/lox;SKP2-/-). We validated our RNA-seq findings using qPCR and immunohistochemistry. To investigate the clinical implications of our results, we analyzed a human OS patient cohort ("NCI-TARGET OS") with RNA-seq and clinical data. Results We found large differences in gene expression after SKP2 knockout. Strikingly, we observed increased expression of genes related to immune microenvironment infiltration in TKO tumors. We observed significant increases in signature genes for macrophages and to a lesser extent, T cells, B cells and vascular cells. We also uncovered a set of relevant transcription factors that may mediate the changes. In OS patient cohorts, high expression of genes upregulated in TKO was correlated with favorable overall survival, which was largely explained by the macrophage gene signatures. This relationship was further supported by our finding that SKP2 expression was negatively correlated with macrophage infiltration in the NCI-TARGET OS and the TCGA Sarcoma cohort. Conclusion Our findings indicate that SKP2 may mediate immune exclusion from the OS tumor microenvironment, suggesting that SKP2 modulation in OS may induce anti-tumor immune activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Ferrena
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jichuan Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ranxin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Waleed Al-Hardan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Swapnil Singh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Hasibagan Borjihan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Edward Schwartz
- Department of Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Hongling Zhao
- Department of Developmental & Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - David Geller
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Bang Hoang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Deyou Zheng
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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Wood GE, Graves LA, Rubin EM, Reed DR, Riedel RF, Strauss SJ. Bad to the Bone: Emerging Approaches to Aggressive Bone Sarcomas. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2023; 43:e390306. [PMID: 37220319 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_390306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Bone sarcomas are rare heterogeneous tumors that affect patients of all ages including children, adolescent young adults, and older adults. They include many aggressive subtypes and patient groups with poor outcomes, poor access to clinical trials, and lack of defined standard therapeutic strategies. Conventional chondrosarcoma remains a surgical disease, with no defined role for cytotoxic therapy and no approved targeted systemic therapies. Here, we discuss promising novel targets and strategies undergoing evaluation in clinical trials. Multiagent chemotherapy has greatly improved outcomes for patients with Ewing sarcoma (ES) and osteosarcoma, but management of those with high-risk or recurrent disease remains challenging and controversial. We describe the impact of international collaborative trials, such as the rEECur study, that aim to define optimal treatment strategies for those with recurrent, refractory ES, and evidence for high-dose chemotherapy with stem-cell support. We also discuss current and emerging strategies for other small round cell sarcomas, such as CIC-rearranged, BCOR-rearranged tumors, and the evaluation of emerging novel therapeutics and trial designs that may offer a new paradigm to improve survival in these aggressive tumors with notoriously bad (to the bone) outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina E Wood
- Department of Oncology, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Laurie A Graves
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Elyssa M Rubin
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA
| | - Damon R Reed
- Department of Individualized Cancer Management, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - Richard F Riedel
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC
| | - Sandra J Strauss
- Department of Oncology, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
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Wu C, Gong S, Duan Y, Deng C, Kallendrusch S, Berninghausen L, Osterhoff G, Schopow N. A tumor microenvironment-based prognostic index for osteosarcoma. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:23. [PMID: 37055822 PMCID: PMC10099847 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00917-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tumor microenvironment (TME) has a central role in the oncogenesis of osteosarcomas. The composition of the TME is essential for the interaction between tumor and immune cells. The aim of this study was to establish a prognostic index (TMEindex) for osteosarcoma based on the TME, from which estimates about patient survival and individual response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy can be deduced. METHODS Based on osteosarcoma samples from the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) database, the ESTIMATE algorithm was used to estimate ImmuneScore and StromalScore. Combined differentially expressed gene analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analyses, the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regression and stepwise regression to construct the TMEindex. The prognostic role of TMEindex was validated in three independent datasets. The molecular and immune characteristics of TMEindex and the impact on immunotherapy were then comprehensively investigated. The expression of TMEindex genes in different cell types and its effects on osteosarcoma cells were explored by scRNA-Seq analysis and molecular biology experiments. RESULTS Fundamental is the expression of MYC, P4HA1, RAMP1 and TAC4. Patients with high TMEindex had worse overall survival, recurrence-free survival, and metastasis-free survival. TMEindex is an independent prognostic factor in osteosarcoma. TMEindex genes were mainly expressed in malignant cells. The knockdown of MYC and P4HA1 significantly inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of osteosarcoma cells. A high TME index is related to the MYC, mTOR, and DNA replication-related pathways. In contrast, a low TME index is related to immune-related signaling pathways such as the inflammatory response. The TMEindex was negatively correlated with ImmuneScore, StromalScore, immune cell infiltration, and various immune-related signature scores. Patients with a higher TMEindex had an immune-cold TME and higher invasiveness. Patients with a low TME index were more likely to respond to ICI therapy and achieve clinical benefit. In addition, the TME index correlated with response to 29 oncologic drugs. CONCLUSIONS The TMEindex is a promising biomarker to predict the prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma and their response to ICI therapy, and to distinguish the molecular and immune characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwu Wu
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 13, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Siming Gong
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 13, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Yingjuan Duan
- Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, University of Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Chao Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Sonja Kallendrusch
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 13, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Medical University Potsdam, 14471, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Laura Berninghausen
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, Sarcoma Center, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Georg Osterhoff
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, Sarcoma Center, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nikolas Schopow
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, Sarcoma Center, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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Pires SF, de Barros JS, da Costa SS, de Oliveira Scliar M, Van Helvoort Lengert A, Boldrini É, da Silva SRM, Tasic L, Vidal DO, Krepischi ACV, Maschietto M. DNA methylation patterns suggest the involvement of DNMT3B and TET1 in osteosarcoma development. Mol Genet Genomics 2023; 298:721-733. [PMID: 37020053 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-023-02010-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation may be involved in the development of osteosarcomas. Osteosarcomas commonly arise during the bone growth and remodeling in puberty, making it plausible to infer the involvement of epigenetic alterations in their development. As a highly studied epigenetic mechanism, we investigated DNA methylation and related genetic variants in 28 primary osteosarcomas aiming to identify deregulated driver alterations. Methylation and genomic data were obtained using the Illumina HM450K beadchips and the TruSight One sequencing panel, respectively. Aberrant DNA methylation was spread throughout the osteosarcomas genomes. We identified 3146 differentially methylated CpGs comparing osteosarcomas and bone tissue samples, with high methylation heterogeneity, global hypomethylation and focal hypermethylation at CpG islands. Differentially methylated regions (DMR) were detected in 585 loci (319 hypomethylated and 266 hypermethylated), mapped to the promoter regions of 350 genes. These DMR genes were enriched for biological processes related to skeletal system morphogenesis, proliferation, inflammatory response, and signal transduction. Both methylation and expression data were validated in independent groups of cases. Six tumor suppressor genes harbored deletions or promoter hypermethylation (DLEC1, GJB2, HIC1, MIR149, PAX6, and WNT5A), and four oncogenes presented gains or hypomethylation (ASPSCR1, NOTCH4, PRDM16, and RUNX3). Our analysis also revealed hypomethylation at 6p22, a region that contains several histone genes. Copy-number changes in DNMT3B (gain) and TET1 (loss), as well as overexpression of DNMT3B in osteosarcomas provide a possible explanation for the observed phenotype of CpG island hypermethylation. While the detected open-sea hypomethylation likely contributes to the well-known osteosarcoma genomic instability, enriched CpG island hypermethylation suggests an underlying mechanism possibly driven by overexpression of DNMT3B likely resulting in silencing of tumor suppressors and DNA repair genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ferreira Pires
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Sobral de Barros
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia Souza da Costa
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marília de Oliveira Scliar
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Ljubica Tasic
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Daniel Onofre Vidal
- Molecular Oncology Research Center (CPOM), Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Victorino Krepischi
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Maschietto
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil.
- Research Center, Boldrini Children's Hospital, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Tharakan S, Raja I, Pietraru A, Sarecha E, Gresita A, Petcu E, Ilyas A, Hadjiargyrou M. The Use of Hydrogels for the Treatment of Bone Osteosarcoma via Localized Drug-Delivery and Tissue Regeneration: A Narrative Review. Gels 2023; 9:gels9040274. [PMID: 37102886 PMCID: PMC10137556 DOI: 10.3390/gels9040274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor of bone that leads to poor mortality and morbidity. Management of this cancer through conventional methods involves invasive treatment options that place patients at an increased risk of adverse events. The use of hydrogels to target osteosarcoma has shown promising results both in vitro and in vivo to eradicate tumor cells while promoting bone regeneration. The loading of hydrogels with chemotherapeutic drugs provides a route for site-specific targeted therapy for osteosarcoma. Current studies demonstrate tumor regression in vivo and lysis of tumor cells in vitro when exposed to doped hydrogel scaffolds. Additionally, novel stimuli-responsive hydrogels are able to react with the tissue microenvironment to facilitate the controlled release of anti-tumor drugs and with biomechanical properties that can be modulated. This narrative review of the current literature discusses both in vitro and in vivo studies of different hydrogels, including stimuli-responsive, designed to treat bone osteosarcoma. Future applications to address patient treatment for this bone cancer are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shebin Tharakan
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA (I.R.); (A.G.)
| | - Iman Raja
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA (I.R.); (A.G.)
| | - Annette Pietraru
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
| | - Elina Sarecha
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
| | - Andrei Gresita
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA (I.R.); (A.G.)
| | - Eugen Petcu
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA (I.R.); (A.G.)
| | - Azhar Ilyas
- Department of Electrical and Computing Engineering, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
| | - Michael Hadjiargyrou
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-516-686-7738
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Klosowski M, Haines L, Alfino L, McMellen A, Leibowitz M, Regan D. Naturally occurring canine sarcomas: Bridging the gap from mouse models to human patients through cross-disciplinary research partnerships. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1130215. [PMID: 37035209 PMCID: PMC10076632 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1130215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Fueled by support from the National Cancer Institute's "Cancer Moonshot" program, the past few years have witnessed a renewed interest in the canine spontaneous cancer model as an invaluable resource in translational oncology research. Increasingly, there is awareness that pet dogs with cancer provide an accessible bridge to improving the efficiency of cancer drug discovery and clinical therapeutic development. Canine tumors share many biological, genetic, and histologic features with their human tumor counterparts, and most importantly, retain the complexities of naturally occurring drug resistance, metastasis, and tumor-host immune interactions, all of which are difficult to recapitulate in induced or genetically engineered murine tumor models. The utility of canine models has been particularly apparent in sarcoma research, where the increased incidence of sarcomas in dogs as compared to people has facilitated comparative research resulting in treatment advances benefitting both species. Although there is an increasing awareness of the advantages in using spontaneous canine sarcoma models for research, these models remain underutilized, in part due to a lack of more permanent institutional and cross-institutional infrastructure to support partnerships between veterinary and human clinician-scientists. In this review, we provide an updated overview of historical and current applications of spontaneously occurring canine tumor models in sarcoma research, with particular attention to knowledge gaps, limitations, and growth opportunities within these applications. Furthermore, we propose considerations for working within existing veterinary translational and comparative oncology research infrastructures to maximize the benefit of partnerships between veterinary and human biomedical researchers within and across institutions to improve the utility and application of spontaneous canine sarcomas in translational oncology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Klosowski
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Laurel Haines
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Lauren Alfino
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Alexandra McMellen
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Michael Leibowitz
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Daniel Regan
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
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Marinoff AE, Spurr LF, Fong C, Li YY, Forrest SJ, Ward A, Doan D, Corson L, Mauguen A, Pinto N, Maese L, Colace S, Macy ME, Kim A, Sabnis AJ, Applebaum MA, Laetsch TW, Glade-Bender J, Weiser DA, Anderson M, Crompton BD, Meyers P, Zehir A, MacConaill L, Lindeman N, Nowak JA, Ladanyi M, Church AJ, Cherniack AD, Shukla N, Janeway KA. Clinical Targeted Next-Generation Panel Sequencing Reveals MYC Amplification Is a Poor Prognostic Factor in Osteosarcoma. JCO Precis Oncol 2023; 7:e2200334. [PMID: 36996377 PMCID: PMC10531050 DOI: 10.1200/po.22.00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Osteosarcoma risk stratification, on the basis of the presence of metastatic disease at diagnosis and histologic response to chemotherapy, has remained unchanged for four decades, does not include genomic features, and has not facilitated treatment advances. We report on the genomic features of advanced osteosarcoma and provide evidence that genomic alterations can be used for risk stratification. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a primary analytic patient cohort, 113 tumor and 69 normal samples from 92 patients with high-grade osteosarcoma were sequenced with OncoPanel, a targeted next-generation sequencing assay. In this primary cohort, we assessed the genomic landscape of advanced disease and evaluated the correlation between recurrent genomic events and outcome. We assessed whether prognostic associations identified in the primary cohort were maintained in a validation cohort of 86 patients with localized osteosarcoma tested with MSK-IMPACT. RESULTS In the primary cohort, 3-year overall survival (OS) was 65%. Metastatic disease, present in 33% of patients at diagnosis, was associated with poor OS (P = .04). The most frequently altered genes in the primary cohort were TP53, RB1, MYC, CCNE1, CCND3, CDKN2A/B, and ATRX. Mutational signature 3 was present in 28% of samples. MYC amplification was associated with a worse 3-year OS in both the primary cohort (P = .015) and the validation cohort (P = .012). CONCLUSION The most frequently occurring genomic events in advanced osteosarcoma were similar to those described in prior reports. MYC amplification, detected with clinical targeted next-generation sequencing panel tests, is associated with poorer outcomes in two independent cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda E. Marinoff
- Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA
| | - Liam F. Spurr
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Boston, MA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Christina Fong
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Yvonne Y. Li
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Boston, MA
| | - Suzanne J. Forrest
- Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Abigail Ward
- Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA
| | - Duong Doan
- Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA
| | - Laura Corson
- Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA
| | - Audrey Mauguen
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Navin Pinto
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Luke Maese
- University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, and Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Susan Colace
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Blood and Marrow Transplant, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Margaret E. Macy
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Colorado and The Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Colorado Children's Hospital, Denver, CO
| | - AeRang Kim
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Amit J. Sabnis
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA
| | | | - Theodore W. Laetsch
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Julia Glade-Bender
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Daniel A. Weiser
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, New York, NY
| | - Megan Anderson
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Brian D. Crompton
- Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Paul Meyers
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Ahmet Zehir
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Laura MacConaill
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Neal Lindeman
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jonathan A. Nowak
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Marc Ladanyi
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Alanna J. Church
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Andrew D. Cherniack
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Boston, MA
| | - Neerav Shukla
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Katherine A. Janeway
- Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Identification of germline cancer predisposition variants in pediatric sarcoma patients from somatic tumor testing. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2959. [PMID: 36805510 PMCID: PMC9941115 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29982-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic predisposition is an important risk factor for cancer in children and adolescents but detailed associations of individual genetic mutations to childhood cancer are still under intense investigation. Among pediatric cancers, sarcomas can arise in the setting of cancer predisposition syndromes. The association of sarcomas with these syndromes is often missed, due to the rarity and heterogeneity of sarcomas and the limited search of cancer genetic syndromes. This study included 43 pediatric and young adult patients with different sarcoma subtypes. Tumor profiling was undertaken using the Oncomine Childhood Cancer Research Assay (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Sequencing results were reviewed for potential germline alterations in clinically relevant genes associated with cancer predisposition syndromes. Jongmans´ criteria were taken into consideration for the patient selection. Fifteen patients were selected as having potential pathogenic germline variants due to tumor sequencing that identified variants in the following genes: CDKN2A, NF1, NF2, RB1, SMARCA4, SMARCB1 and TP53. The variants found in NF1 and CDKN2A in two different patients were detected in the germline, confirming the diagnosis of a cancer predisposition syndrome. We have shown that the results of somatic testing can be used to identify those at risk of an underlying cancer predisposition syndrome.
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38
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Candido MF, Medeiros M, Veronez LC, Bastos D, Oliveira KL, Pezuk JA, Valera ET, Brassesco MS. Drugging Hijacked Kinase Pathways in Pediatric Oncology: Opportunities and Current Scenario. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020664. [PMID: 36839989 PMCID: PMC9966033 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood cancer is considered rare, corresponding to ~3% of all malignant neoplasms in the human population. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports a universal occurrence of more than 15 cases per 100,000 inhabitants around the globe, and despite improvements in diagnosis, treatment and supportive care, one child dies of cancer every 3 min. Consequently, more efficient, selective and affordable therapeutics are still needed in order to improve outcomes and avoid long-term sequelae. Alterations in kinases' functionality is a trademark of cancer and the concept of exploiting them as drug targets has burgeoned in academia and in the pharmaceutical industry of the 21st century. Consequently, an increasing plethora of inhibitors has emerged. In the present study, the expression patterns of a selected group of kinases (including tyrosine receptors, members of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK pathways, coordinators of cell cycle progression, and chromosome segregation) and their correlation with clinical outcomes in pediatric solid tumors were accessed through the R2: Genomics Analysis and Visualization Platform and by a thorough search of published literature. To further illustrate the importance of kinase dysregulation in the pathophysiology of pediatric cancer, we analyzed the vulnerability of different cancer cell lines against their inhibition through the Cancer Dependency Map portal, and performed a search for kinase-targeted compounds with approval and clinical applicability through the CanSAR knowledgebase. Finally, we provide a detailed literature review of a considerable set of small molecules that mitigate kinase activity under experimental testing and clinical trials for the treatment of pediatric tumors, while discuss critical challenges that must be overcome before translation into clinical options, including the absence of compounds designed specifically for childhood tumors which often show differential mutational burdens, intrinsic and acquired resistance, lack of selectivity and adverse effects on a growing organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ferreira Candido
- Department of Cell Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Medeiros
- Regional Blood Center, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Chain Veronez
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - David Bastos
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Karla Laissa Oliveira
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Julia Alejandra Pezuk
- Departament of Biotechnology and Innovation, Anhanguera University of São Paulo, UNIAN/SP, São Paulo 04119-001, SP, Brazil
| | - Elvis Terci Valera
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - María Sol Brassesco
- Departament of Biotechnology and Innovation, Anhanguera University of São Paulo, UNIAN/SP, São Paulo 04119-001, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-16-3315-9144; Fax: +55-16-3315-4886
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Loss of RanGAP1 drives chromosome instability and rapid tumorigenesis of osteosarcoma. Dev Cell 2023; 58:192-210.e11. [PMID: 36696903 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Chromothripsis is a catastrophic event of chromosomal instability that involves intensive fragmentation and rearrangements within localized chromosomal regions. However, its cause remains unclear. Here, we show that reduction and inactivation of Ran GTPase-activating protein 1 (RanGAP1) commonly occur in human osteosarcoma, which is associated with a high rate of chromothripsis. In rapidly expanding mouse osteoprogenitors, RanGAP1 deficiency causes chromothripsis in chr1q, instant inactivation of Rb1 and degradation of p53, consequent failure in DNA damage repair, and ultrafast osteosarcoma tumorigenesis. During mitosis, RanGAP1 anchors to the kinetochore, where it recruits PP1-γ to counteract the activity of the spindle-assembly checkpoint (SAC) and prevents TOP2A degradation, thus safeguarding chromatid decatenation. Loss of RanGAP1 causes SAC hyperactivation and chromatid decatenation failure. These findings demonstrate that RanGAP1 maintains mitotic chromosome integrity and that RanGAP1 loss drives tumorigenesis through its direct effects on SAC and decatenation and secondary effects on DNA damage surveillance.
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Kinnaman MD, Zaccaria S, Makohon-Moore A, Arnold B, Levine M, Gundem G, Ossa JEA, Glodzik D, Rodríguez-Sánchez MI, Bouvier N, Li S, Stockfisch E, Dunigan M, Cobbs C, Bhanot U, You D, Mullen K, Melchor J, Ortiz MV, O'Donohue T, Slotkin E, Wexler LH, Dela Cruz FS, Hameed M, Glade Bender JL, Tap WD, Meyers PA, Papaemmanuil E, Kung AL, Iacobuzio-Donahue CA. Subclonal somatic copy number alterations emerge and dominate in recurrent osteosarcoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.05.522765. [PMID: 36711976 PMCID: PMC9881990 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.05.522765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Multiple large-scale tumor genomic profiling efforts have been undertaken in osteosarcoma, however, little is known about the spatial and temporal intratumor heterogeneity and how it may drive treatment resistance. We performed whole-genome sequencing of 37 tumor samples from eight patients with relapsed or refractory osteosarcoma. Each patient had at least one sample from a primary site and a metastatic or relapse site. We identified subclonal copy number alterations in all but one patient. We observed that in five patients, a subclonal copy number clone from the primary tumor emerged and dominated at subsequent relapses. MYC gain/amplification was enriched in the treatment-resistant clone in 6 out of 7 patients with more than one clone. Amplifications in other potential driver genes, such as CCNE1, RAD21, VEGFA, and IGF1R, were also observed in the resistant copy number clones. Our study sheds light on intratumor heterogeneity and the potential drivers of treatment resistance in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Kinnaman
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Simone Zaccaria
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Computational Cancer Genomics Research Group, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Alvin Makohon-Moore
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Hackensack Meridian Health Center for Discovery and Innovation, Nutley, NJ, USA (current affiliation)
- Georgetown University Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC, USA (current affiliation)
| | - Brian Arnold
- Department of Computer Science, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Center for Statistics and Machine Learning, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Max Levine
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Isabl, New York, NY, USA (current affiliation)
| | - Gunes Gundem
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Juan E Arango Ossa
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dominik Glodzik
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA (current affiliation)
| | - M Irene Rodríguez-Sánchez
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Wunderman Thompson Health, New York, NY, USA (current affiliation)
| | - Nancy Bouvier
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- IT and Digital Initiatives, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA (current affiliation)
| | - Shanita Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily Stockfisch
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marisa Dunigan
- Integrated Genomics Operation Core, Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cassidy Cobbs
- Integrated Genomics Operation Core, Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Umesh Bhanot
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Precision Pathology Biobanking Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daoqi You
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katelyn Mullen
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Gerstner Sloan Kettering Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jerry Melchor
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael V Ortiz
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tara O'Donohue
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily Slotkin
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leonard H Wexler
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Filemon S Dela Cruz
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Meera Hameed
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Julia L Glade Bender
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - William D Tap
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul A Meyers
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elli Papaemmanuil
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew L Kung
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christine A Iacobuzio-Donahue
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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Zhu S, Wang H, Lin L, Fei X, Wu J. Primary breast osteosarcoma in a patient previously treated for ipsilateral invasive ductal carcinoma: An unusual case report with clinical and genomic features. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1013653. [PMID: 36755863 PMCID: PMC9899908 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1013653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary breast osteosarcoma is a rare subtype of breast malignancy with limited clinical evidence, inadequate biological understanding, and unmet treatment consensus. Here, we report an unusual case of primary breast osteosarcoma developing in the same quadrant of the breast 2 years after initial dissection and radiation of invasive ductal carcinoma. Thorough evaluations of imaging and pathology were conducted while genomic alterations of both primary and secondary tumors, as well as peripheral blood samples, were explored through the next-generation sequencing technique. A comprehensive review of the current literature was also performed on this rare malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siji Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaochun Fei
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Jiayi Wu, ; Xiaochun Fei,
| | - Jiayi Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Jiayi Wu, ; Xiaochun Fei,
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Yuan B, Shi K, Zha J, Cai Y, Gu Y, Huang K, Yue W, Zhai Q, Ding N, Ren W, He W, Xu Y, Wang T. Nuclear receptor modulators inhibit osteosarcoma cell proliferation and tumour growth by regulating the mTOR signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:51. [PMID: 36681687 PMCID: PMC9867777 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05545-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumour in children and adolescents. Chemoresistance leads to poor responses to conventional therapy in patients with osteosarcoma. The discovery of novel effective therapeutic targets and drugs is still the main focus of osteosarcoma research. Nuclear receptors (NRs) have shown substantial promise as novel therapeutic targets for various cancers. In the present study, we performed a drug screen using 29 chemicals that specifically target 17 NRs in several different human osteosarcoma and osteoblast cell lines. The retinoic acid receptor beta (RARb) antagonist LE135, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARg) antagonist T0070907, liver X receptor (LXR) agonist T0901317 and Rev-Erba agonist SR9011 significantly inhibited the proliferation of malignant osteosarcoma cells (U2OS, HOS-MNNG and Saos-2 cells) but did not inhibit the growth of normal osteoblasts. The effects of these NR modulators on osteosarcoma cells occurred in a dose-dependent manner and were not observed in NR-knockout osteosarcoma cells. These NR modulators also significantly inhibited osteosarcoma growth in vivo and enhanced the antitumour effect of doxorubicin (DOX). Transcriptomic and immunoblotting results showed that these NR modulators may inhibit the growth of osteosarcoma cells by regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and ERK/mTOR pathways. DDIT4, which blocks mTOR activation, was identified as one of the common downstream target genes of these NRs. DDIT4 knockout significantly attenuated the inhibitory effects of these NR modulators on osteosarcoma cell growth. Together, our results revealed that modulators of RARb, PPARg, LXRs and Rev-Erba inhibit osteosarcoma growth both in vitro and in vivo through the mTOR signaling pathway, suggesting that treatment with these NR modulators is a novel potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoshi Yuan
- Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Suzhou medical college of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Kexin Shi
- Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Suzhou medical college of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
| | - Juanmin Zha
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Yujia Cai
- Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Suzhou medical college of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yue Gu
- Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Suzhou medical college of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Suzhou medical college of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Wenchang Yue
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Qiaocheng Zhai
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China
| | - Ning Ding
- Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Suzhou medical college of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Wenyan Ren
- Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Suzhou medical college of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Weiqi He
- Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Suzhou medical college of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Suzhou medical college of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Suzhou medical college of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
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Hui L, Ziyue Z, Chao L, Bin Y, Aoyu L, Haijing W. Epigenetic Regulations in Autoimmunity and Cancer: from Basic Science to Translational Medicine. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2048980. [PMID: 36647268 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetics, as a discipline that aims to explain the differential expression of phenotypes arising from the same gene sequence and the heritability of epigenetic expression, has received much attention in medicine. Epigenetic mechanisms are constantly being discovered, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, noncoding RNAs and m6A. The immune system mainly achieves an immune response through the differentiation and functional expression of immune cells, in which epigenetic modification will have an important impact. Because of immune infiltration in the tumor microenvironment, immunotherapy has become a research hotspot in tumor therapy. Epigenetics plays an important role in autoimmune diseases and cancers through immunology. An increasing number of drugs targeting epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methyltransferase inhibitors, histone deacetylase inhibitors, and drug combinations, are being evaluated in clinical trials for the treatment of various cancers (including leukemia and osteosarcoma) and autoimmune diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis). This review summarizes the progress of epigenetic regulation for cancers and autoimmune diseases to date, shedding light on potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Hui
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Ziyue
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Liu Chao
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Yu Bin
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Li Aoyu
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Wu Haijing
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
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Scotto di Carlo F, Russo S, Muyas F, Mangini M, Garribba L, Pazzaglia L, Genesio R, Biamonte F, De Luca AC, Santaguida S, Scotlandi K, Cortés-Ciriano I, Gianfrancesco F. Profilin 1 deficiency drives mitotic defects and reduces genome stability. Commun Biol 2023; 6:9. [PMID: 36599901 PMCID: PMC9813376 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04392-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Profilin 1-encoded by PFN1-is a small actin-binding protein with a tumour suppressive role in various adenocarcinomas and pagetic osteosarcomas. However, its contribution to tumour development is not fully understood. Using fix and live cell imaging, we report that Profilin 1 inactivation results in multiple mitotic defects, manifested prominently by anaphase bridges, multipolar spindles, misaligned and lagging chromosomes, and cytokinesis failures. Accordingly, next-generation sequencing technologies highlighted that Profilin 1 knock-out cells display extensive copy-number alterations, which are associated with complex genome rearrangements and chromothripsis events in primary pagetic osteosarcomas with Profilin 1 inactivation. Mechanistically, we show that Profilin 1 is recruited to the spindle midzone at anaphase, and its deficiency reduces the supply of actin filaments to the cleavage furrow during cytokinesis. The mitotic defects are also observed in mouse embryonic fibroblasts and mesenchymal cells deriving from a newly generated knock-in mouse model harbouring a Pfn1 loss-of-function mutation. Furthermore, nuclear atypia is also detected in histological sections of mutant femurs. Thus, our results indicate that Profilin 1 has a role in regulating cell division, and its inactivation triggers mitotic defects, one of the major mechanisms through which tumour cells acquire chromosomal instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Scotto di Carlo
- grid.5326.20000 0001 1940 4177Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “Adriano Buzzati-Traverso” (IGB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Sharon Russo
- grid.5326.20000 0001 1940 4177Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “Adriano Buzzati-Traverso” (IGB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Naples, Italy ,grid.9841.40000 0001 2200 8888Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Francesc Muyas
- grid.52788.300000 0004 0427 7672European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Maria Mangini
- grid.429047.c0000 0004 6477 0469Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, “G. Salvatore” (IEOS), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Lorenza Garribba
- grid.15667.330000 0004 1757 0843Department of Experimental Oncology at IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Pazzaglia
- grid.419038.70000 0001 2154 6641IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rita Genesio
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDepartment of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Flavia Biamonte
- grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy ,grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Center of Interdepartmental Services (CIS), Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Chiara De Luca
- grid.429047.c0000 0004 6477 0469Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, “G. Salvatore” (IEOS), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Santaguida
- grid.15667.330000 0004 1757 0843Department of Experimental Oncology at IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy ,grid.4708.b0000 0004 1757 2822Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- grid.419038.70000 0001 2154 6641IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Bologna, Italy
| | - Isidro Cortés-Ciriano
- grid.52788.300000 0004 0427 7672European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Fernando Gianfrancesco
- grid.5326.20000 0001 1940 4177Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “Adriano Buzzati-Traverso” (IGB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Naples, Italy
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Gersey ZC, Zenonos GA, Gardner PA. Malignant Brain and Spinal Tumors Originating from Bone or Cartilage. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1405:477-506. [PMID: 37452950 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-23705-8_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Malignant bone tumors affecting the brain and spine are a rare and exceedingly difficult-to-treat group of diseases. Most commonly consisting of chordoma and chondrosarcoma, these tumors also include giant-cell tumors and osteosarcomas. This chapter will cover the background, epidemiology, genetics, molecular biology, histopathology, radiographic features, clinical manifestations, therapeutic approaches, and clinical management of each entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary C Gersey
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Georgios A Zenonos
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Paul A Gardner
- UPMC Center for Cranial Base Surgery, 200 Lothrop Street, PUH B-400, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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Farooq A, Zulfiqar B, Asghar K. Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase: A Novel Immunotherapeutic Target for Osteosarcoma. JOURNAL OF CANCER & ALLIED SPECIALTIES 2023; 9:501. [PMID: 37197000 PMCID: PMC10187603 DOI: 10.37029/jcas.v9i1.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Tumour-emitted molecules induce immunosuppression in the tumour microenvironment. An immunosuppressive enzyme, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO/IDO1), facilitates immune escape in several malignant tumours, including osteosarcoma. Upregulation of IDO establishes a tolerogenic environment in the tumour and the tumour-draining lymph nodes. IDO-induced downregulation of effector T-cells and upregulation of local regulatory T-cells creates immunosuppression and promotes metastasis. Observations Osteosarcoma is the most common bone tumour characterised by immature bone formation by the tumour cells. Almost 20% of osteosarcoma patients present with pulmonary metastasis at the time of diagnosis. The improvement in therapeutic modalities for osteosarcoma has been in a stagnant phase for two decades. Therefore, the development of novel immunotherapeutic targets for osteosarcoma is emergent. High IDO expression is associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in osteosarcoma patients. Conclusion and Relevance At present, only a few studies are available describing IDO's role in osteosarcoma. This review describes the prospects of IDO not only as a prognostic marker but also as an immunotherapeutic target for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Farooq
- Department of Clinical Research, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Zulfiqar
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kashif Asghar
- Department of Basic Sciences Research, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan
- Correspondence: Kashif Asghar, 7A Block R-3 M.A. Johar Town, Lahore, Pakistan. E-mail:
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Harrison D, Gill J, Roth M, Hingorani P, Zhang W, Teicher B, Earley E, Erickson S, Gatto G, Kumasheva R, Houghton P, Smith M, Kolb EA, Gorlick R. Evaluation of the pan-class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor copanlisib in the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Consortium in vivo models of osteosarcoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70:e30017. [PMID: 36250964 PMCID: PMC11146293 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Copanlisib is a pan-class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, with activity against all four PI3K class I isoforms (PI3Kα, PI3Kβ, PI3Kγ, and PI3Kδ). Whole-genome and RNA sequencing data have revealed several PI3K aberrations in osteosarcoma tumor samples. The in vivo anticancer effects of copanlisib were assessed in a panel of six osteosarcoma models. Copanlisib induced prolonged event-free survival in five of six osteosarcoma models; however, all models demonstrated progressive disease suggesting minimal activity. While copanlisib did not result in tumor regression, more data are needed to fully explore the role of the PI3K pathway in the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Eric Earley
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | | | | | | | - Peter Houghton
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, San Antonio, TX
| | | | - E. Anders Kolb
- Nemours Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Wilmington, DE
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48
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Li Q, Li Z, Luo T, Shi H. Targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAF/MEK/ERK pathways for cancer therapy. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2022; 3:47. [PMID: 36539659 PMCID: PMC9768098 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-022-00110-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAF/MEK/ERK pathways are commonly activated by mutations and chromosomal translocation in vital targets. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is dysregulated in nearly all kinds of neoplasms, with the component in this pathway alternations. RAF/MEK/ERK signaling cascades are used to conduct signaling from the cell surface to the nucleus to mediate gene expression, cell cycle processes and apoptosis. RAS, B-Raf, PI3K, and PTEN are frequent upstream alternative sites. These mutations resulted in activated cell growth and downregulated cell apoptosis. The two pathways interact with each other to participate in tumorigenesis. PTEN alterations suppress RAF/MEK/ERK pathway activity via AKT phosphorylation and RAS inhibition. Several inhibitors targeting major components of these two pathways have been supported by the FDA. Dozens of agents in these two pathways have attracted great attention and have been assessed in clinical trials. The combination of small molecular inhibitors with traditional regimens has also been explored. Furthermore, dual inhibitors provide new insight into antitumor activity. This review will further comprehensively describe the genetic alterations in normal patients and tumor patients and discuss the role of targeted inhibitors in malignant neoplasm therapy. We hope this review will promote a comprehensive understanding of the role of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathways in facilitating tumors and will help direct drug selection for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfang Li
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihui Li
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Ting Luo
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Breast, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Huashan Shi
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, P. R. China
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49
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Beird HC, Bielack SS, Flanagan AM, Gill J, Heymann D, Janeway KA, Livingston JA, Roberts RD, Strauss SJ, Gorlick R. Osteosarcoma. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2022; 8:77. [PMID: 36481668 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-022-00409-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumour of the bone. Osteosarcoma incidence is bimodal, peaking at 18 and 60 years of age, and is slightly more common in males. The key pathophysiological mechanism involves several possible genetic drivers of disease linked to bone formation, causing malignant progression and metastasis. While there have been significant improvements in the outcome of patients with localized disease, with event-free survival outcomes exceeding 60%, in patients with metastatic disease, event-free survival outcomes remain poor at less than 30%. The suspicion of osteosarcoma based on radiographs still requires pathological evaluation of a bone biopsy specimen for definitive diagnosis and CT imaging of the chest should be performed to identify lung nodules. So far, population-based screening and surveillance strategies have not been implemented due to the rarity of osteosarcoma and the lack of reliable markers. Current screening focuses only on groups at high risk such as patients with genetic cancer predisposition syndromes. Management of osteosarcoma requires a multidisciplinary team of paediatric and medical oncologists, orthopaedic and general surgeons, pathologists, radiologists and specialist nurses. Survivors of osteosarcoma require specialized medical follow-up, as curative treatment consisting of chemotherapy and surgery has long-term adverse effects, which also affect the quality of life of patients. The development of osteosarcoma model systems and related research as well as the evaluation of new treatment approaches are ongoing to improve disease outcomes, especially for patients with metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah C Beird
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Stefan S Bielack
- Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Klinikum Stuttgart - Olgahospital, Stuttgart Cancer Center, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Adrienne M Flanagan
- Research Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jonathan Gill
- Division of Pediatrics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Dominique Heymann
- Nantes Université, CNRS, UMR6286, US2B, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Katherine A Janeway
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Andrew Livingston
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ryan D Roberts
- Center for Childhood Cancer, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sandra J Strauss
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University College London, London, UK
| | - Richard Gorlick
- Division of Pediatrics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA. .,Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
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50
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Jiang Y, Wang J, Sun M, Zuo D, Wang H, Shen J, Jiang W, Mu H, Ma X, Yin F, Lin J, Wang C, Yu S, Jiang L, Lv G, Liu F, Xue L, Tian K, Wang G, Zhou Z, Lv Y, Wang Z, Zhang T, Xu J, Yang L, Zhao K, Sun W, Tang Y, Cai Z, Wang S, Hua Y. Multi-omics analysis identifies osteosarcoma subtypes with distinct prognosis indicating stratified treatment. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7207. [PMID: 36418292 PMCID: PMC9684515 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34689-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant bone tumor that most commonly affects children, adolescents, and young adults. Here, we comprehensively analyze genomic, epigenomic and transcriptomic data from 121 OS patients. Somatic mutations are diverse within the cohort, and only TP53 is significantly mutated. Through unsupervised integrative clustering of the multi-omics data, we classify OS into four subtypes with distinct molecular features and clinical prognosis: (1) Immune activated (S-IA), (2) Immune suppressed (S-IS), (3) Homologous recombination deficiency dominant (S-HRD), and (4) MYC driven (S-MD). MYC amplification with HR proficiency tumors is identified with a high oxidative phosphorylation signature resulting in resistance to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Potential therapeutic targets are identified for each subtype, including platinum-based chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, anti-VEGFR, anti-MYC and PARPi-based synthetic lethal strategies. Our comprehensive integrated characterization provides a valuable resource that deepens our understanding of the disease, and may guide future clinical strategies for the precision treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Jiang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 PR China
| | - Jinzeng Wang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 PR China
| | - Mengxiong Sun
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 PR China
| | - Dongqing Zuo
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 PR China
| | - Hongsheng Wang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 PR China
| | - Jiakang Shen
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 PR China
| | - Wenyan Jiang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200001 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Haoran Mu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 PR China
| | - Xiaojun Ma
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 PR China
| | - Fei Yin
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 PR China
| | - Jun Lin
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Pathology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 PR China
| | - Chongren Wang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 PR China
| | - Shuting Yu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 PR China
| | - Lu Jiang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 PR China
| | - Gang Lv
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 PR China
| | - Feng Liu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 PR China
| | - Linghang Xue
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 PR China
| | - Kai Tian
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 PR China
| | - Gangyang Wang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 PR China
| | - Zifei Zhou
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 PR China
| | - Yu Lv
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 PR China
| | - Zhuoying Wang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 PR China
| | - Tao Zhang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 PR China
| | - Jing Xu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 PR China
| | - Liu Yang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 PR China
| | - Kewen Zhao
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200001 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Wei Sun
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 PR China
| | - Yujie Tang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200001 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhengdong Cai
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 PR China
| | - Shengyue Wang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 PR China
| | - Yingqi Hua
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 PR China
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