1
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Immune index: A gene and cell prognostic signature for immunotherapy response prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma. Pharmacol Res 2023; 187:106583. [PMID: 36574578 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The heterogeneity of tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) plays important roles in the development and immunotherapy response of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Using machine learning algorithms, we introduced the immune index (IMI), a prognostic model based on the HCC immune landscape. We found that IMI low HCCs were enriched in stem cell and proliferating signatures, and yielded more TP53 mutation and 17p loss compared with IMI high HCCs. More importantly, patients with high IMI exhibited better immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB) response. To facilitate clinical application, we employed machine learning algorithms to develop a gene model of the IMI (IMIG), which contained 10 genes. According to our HCC cohort examination and single-cell level analysis, we found that IMIG high HCCs exhibited favorable survival outcomes and high levels of NK and CD8+ T cells infiltration. Finally, after coculture with autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, IMIG high tumor cells exhibited a better response to nivolumab treatment. Collectively, the IMI and IMIG may serve as powerful tools for the prognosis, classification and ICB treatment response prediction of HCC.
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2
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Rostkowska O, Olejniczak-Kęder A, Spychalski P, Szaryńska M, Kobiela J. Triiodothyronine lowers the potential of colorectal cancer stem cells in vitro. Oncol Rep 2022; 49:21. [PMID: 36484405 PMCID: PMC9773011 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a key role in the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), but the influence of triiodothyronine (T3) on the biological regulation of CSCs remains unclear. In the present study, it was reported that T3 exerts significant impact on CSCs of two CRC cell lines cultured in the form of colonospheres. It was observed that the incubation of colonospheres with T3 decreased the viability, proliferative and spherogenic potential of cancer cells (P<0.05). In addition, increased apoptotic rate of CRC cells treated with T3 was revealed. Furthermore, T3‑treated colonospheres were more likely to move into silenced pool in G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. The smaller sizes of colonospheres observed after the treatment with T3 confirmed this conclusion. T3 could lower the proportion of primitive cells which supply the pool of proliferating cells within spheres. Thyroid receptors THRα1 and THRβ1 and two deiodinases (DIO2 and DIO3) were affected by T3 in manner depended on clinical stage of cancer and CRC cell line used for analysis. In summary, the present study uncovered a novel function of thyroid hormones signaling in the regulation of the CSCs of CRC, and these findings may be useful for developing novel therapies by targeting thyroid hormone functions in CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Rostkowska
- Department of General, Endocrine and Transplant Surgery, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Spychalski
- Department of General, Endocrine and Transplant Surgery, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Szaryńska
- Histology Department, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland,Correspondence to: Dr Magdalena Szaryńska, Histology Department, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Dębinki Street, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland, E-mail:
| | - Jarek Kobiela
- Department of General, Endocrine and Transplant Surgery, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland
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Zhang X, Luo F, Luo S, Li L, Ren X, Lin J, Liang Y, Ma C, Ding L, Zhang D, Ye T, Lin Y, Jin B, Gao S, Ye Q. Transcriptional Repression of Aerobic Glycolysis by OVOL2 in Breast Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200705. [PMID: 35896951 PMCID: PMC9507357 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect), a hallmark of cancer, plays a critical role in cancer cell growth and metastasis; however, direct inhibition of the Warburg effect remains largely unknown. Herein, the transcription factor OVO-like zinc finger 2 (OVOL2) is demonstrated to directly repress the expression of several glycolytic genes, blocking the Warburg effect and breast tumor growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. OVOL2 inhibits glycolysis by recruiting the nuclear receptor co-repressor (NCoR) and histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3). The tumor suppressor p53, a key regulator of cancer metabolism, activates OVOL2 by binding to the oncoprotein mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2) and inhibiting MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of OVOL2. OVOL2 expression is negatively correlated with glycolytic gene expression and can be a good predictor of prognosis in patients with breast cancer. Therefore, targeting the p53/MDM2/OVOL2 axis provides a potential avenue for cancer treatment, especially breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Molecular BiologyBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineBeijing100850China
| | - Fei Luo
- Department of Medical Molecular BiologyBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineBeijing100850China
- Medical School of Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China
| | - Shaliu Luo
- Department of Medical Molecular BiologyBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineBeijing100850China
- Medical School of Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Medical Molecular BiologyBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineBeijing100850China
| | - Xinxin Ren
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Fourth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing100037China
- Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan030000China
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of Medical Molecular BiologyBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineBeijing100850China
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Fourth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing100037China
| | - Yingchun Liang
- Department of Medical Molecular BiologyBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineBeijing100850China
| | - Chao Ma
- Institute of Cancer Stem CellDalian Medical UniversityDalian116000China
| | - Lihua Ding
- Department of Medical Molecular BiologyBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineBeijing100850China
| | - Deyu Zhang
- Department of Medical Molecular BiologyBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineBeijing100850China
| | - Tianxing Ye
- Department of Medical Molecular BiologyBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineBeijing100850China
| | - Yanni Lin
- Department of Medical Molecular BiologyBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineBeijing100850China
- Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan030000China
| | - Bilian Jin
- Institute of Cancer Stem CellDalian Medical UniversityDalian116000China
| | - Shan Gao
- Zhongda HospitalSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyAdvanced Institute for Life and HealthSoutheast UniversityNanjing210096China
| | - Qinong Ye
- Department of Medical Molecular BiologyBeijing Institute of BiotechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineBeijing100850China
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Lasa M, Contreras-Jurado C. Thyroid hormones act as modulators of inflammation through their nuclear receptors. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:937099. [PMID: 36004343 PMCID: PMC9393327 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.937099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reciprocal crosstalk between endocrine and immune systems has been well-documented both in physiological and pathological conditions, although the connection between the immune system and thyroid hormones (THs) remains largely unclear. Inflammation and infection are two important processes modulated by the immune system, which have profound effects on both central and peripheral THs metabolism. Conversely, optimal levels of THs are necessary for the maintenance of immune function and response. Although some effects of THs are mediated by their binding to cell membrane integrin receptors, triggering a non-genomic response, most of the actions of these hormones involve their binding to specific nuclear thyroid receptors (TRs), which generate a genomic response by modulating the activity of a great variety of transcription factors. In this special review on THs role in health and disease, we highlight the relevance of these hormones in the molecular mechanisms linked to inflammation upon their binding to specific nuclear receptors. In particular, we focus on THs effects on different signaling pathways involved in the inflammation associated with various infectious and/or pathological processes, emphasizing those mediated by NF-kB, p38MAPK and JAK/STAT. The findings showed in this review suggest new opportunities to improve current therapeutic strategies for the treatment of inflammation associated with several infections and/or diseases, such as cancer, sepsis or Covid-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Lasa
- Departamento de Bioquímica-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols”, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Constanza Contreras-Jurado
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Endocrina y del Sistema Nervioso, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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López-Mateo I, Rodríguez-Muñoz D, de La Rosa JV, Castrillo A, Alemany S, Aranda A. Regulation of metabolic and transcriptional responses by the thyroid hormone in cellular models of murine macrophages. Front Immunol 2022; 13:923727. [PMID: 35935955 PMCID: PMC9353060 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.923727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogene-immortalized bone marrow-derived macrophages are considered to be a good model for the study of immune cell functions, but the factors required for their survival and proliferation are still unknown. Although the effect of the thyroid hormones on global metabolic and transcriptional responses in macrophages has not yet been examined, there is increasing evidence that they could modulate macrophage functions. We show here that the thyroid hormone T3 is an absolute requirement for the growth of immortal macrophages. The hormone regulates the activity of the main signaling pathways required for proliferation and anabolic processes, including the phosphorylation of ERK and p38 MAPKs, AKT, ribosomal S6 protein, AMPK and Sirtuin-1. T3 also alters the levels of metabolites controlling transcriptional and post-transcriptional actions in macrophages, and causes widespread transcriptomic changes, up-regulating genes needed for protein synthesis and cell proliferation, while down-regulating genes involved in immune responses and endocytosis, among others. This is not observed in primary bone marrow-derived macrophages, where only p38 and AMPK activation is regulated by T3 and in which the metabolic and transcriptomic effects of the hormone are much weaker. However, the response to IFN-γ is reduced by T3 similarly in immortalized macrophages and in the primary cells, confirming previous results showing that the thyroid hormones can antagonize JAK/STAT-mediated signaling. These results provide new perspectives on the relevant pathways involved in proliferation and survival of macrophage cell culture models and on the crosstalk between the thyroid hormones and the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene López-Mateo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Muñoz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Vladimir de La Rosa
- Unidad de Biomedicina (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Antonio Castrillo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Biomedicina (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Susana Alemany
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Biomedicina (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Ana Aranda
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Biomedicina (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Ana Aranda,
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Rigalli JP, Theile D, Nilles J, Weiss J. Regulation of PXR Function by Coactivator and Corepressor Proteins: Ligand Binding Is Just the Beginning. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113137. [PMID: 34831358 PMCID: PMC8625645 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The pregnane X receptor (PXR, NR1I2) is a nuclear receptor which exerts its regulatory function by heterodimerization with the retinoid-X-receptor α (RXRα, NR2B1) and binding to the promoter and enhancer regions of diverse target genes. PXR is involved in the regulation of drug metabolism and excretion, metabolic and immunological functions and cancer pathogenesis. PXR activity is strongly regulated by the association with coactivator and corepressor proteins. Coactivator proteins exhibit histone acetyltransferase or histone methyltransferase activity or associate with proteins having one of these activities, thus promoting chromatin decondensation and activation of the gene expression. On the contrary, corepressor proteins promote histone deacetylation and therefore favor chromatin condensation and repression of the gene expression. Several studies pointed to clear cell- and ligand-specific differences in the activation of PXR. In this article, we will review the critical role of coactivator and corepressor proteins as molecular determinants of the specificity of PXR-mediated effects. As already known for other nuclear receptors, understanding the complex mechanism of PXR activation in each cell type and under particular physiological and pathophysiological conditions may lead to the development of selective modulators with therapeutic potential.
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7
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Xue C, Chen X, Lin K, Tong Y, Wang X. Identification of Notch signaling pathway gene mutations as a prognostic biomarker for bladder cancer. Future Oncol 2021; 17:4307-4320. [PMID: 34338007 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2021-0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The authors aimed to identify Notch signaling pathway gene mutations as a prognostic biomarker for bladder cancer. Methods: First, critical Notch signaling pathway genes were screened using The Cancer Genome Atlas and validation sets. Second, immune infiltration, protein-protein interaction network, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis analyses were performed. Finally, potential immunotherapy drug targets were screened using T-cell receptors, B-cell receptors and CERES scores for bladder cancer. Results: The NOTCH7 gene was identified, with a significant difference in immune infiltration level between mutant and wild type in bladder cancer, mainly related to T cells. NOTCH7 was an immunotherapy prognostic factor, and IRF1 and B2M were the potential drug targets for NOTCH7 mutation in bladder cancer. Conclusion: NOTCH7 gene mutation can be used as an immunotherapy biomarker for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Xue
- Department of Urology, Zhejiang Greentown Cardiovascular Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Urology, Zhejiang Greentown Cardiovascular Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - KaoXing Lin
- Department of Urology, Zhejiang Greentown Cardiovascular Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - YunGuang Tong
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.,Omigen Inc., Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - XinHong Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhejiang Greentown Cardiovascular Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, China
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8
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Aranda A. MicroRNAs and thyroid hormone action. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 525:111175. [PMID: 33515639 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that post-transcriptionally repress gene expression by binding generally to the 3'-untranslated regions of their target mRNAs. miRNAs regulate a large fraction of the genome, playing a key role in most physiological and pathological processes. The thyroid hormones (T4 and T3) are major regulators of development, metabolism and cell growth. The thyroid hormones (THs) are synthetized in the thyroid gland and enter the cells through transporter proteins. In the cells, T4 and T3 are metabolized by deiodinase enzymes and bind to nuclear receptors (TRs), which have a higher affinity by T3. TRs act as hormone dependent transcription factors by binding to thyroid hormone response elements (TREs) in the target genes and recruiting transcriptional coregulators. There is increasing evidence that a variety of miRNAs target deiodinases and the receptor, thus regulating TH signaling is different tissues. In turn, the THs have been shown to modulate the expression of specific miRNAs and their mRNA targets in different cell types and organs. In many cases, the existence of TREs in the regulatory regions of these miRNAs has been identified, and the hormone bound receptors transcriptionally regulate expression of these molecules. Changes in the levels of miRNAs have been demonstrated to mediate some of the important actions of the THs in processes such as muscle and heart function, lipid liver metabolism or skin physiology. In addition, miRNA regulation is involved in the effects of TRs on cell proliferation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Aranda
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
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9
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Font-Díaz J, Jiménez-Panizo A, Caelles C, Vivanco MDM, Pérez P, Aranda A, Estébanez-Perpiñá E, Castrillo A, Ricote M, Valledor AF. Nuclear receptors: Lipid and hormone sensors with essential roles in the control of cancer development. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 73:58-75. [PMID: 33309851 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors that act as biological sensors and use a combination of mechanisms to modulate positively and negatively gene expression in a spatial and temporal manner. The highly orchestrated biological actions of several NRs influence the proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of many different cell types. Synthetic ligands for several NRs have been the focus of extensive drug discovery efforts for cancer intervention. This review summarizes the roles in tumour growth and metastasis of several relevant NR family members, namely androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor (ER), glucocorticoid receptor (GR), thyroid hormone receptor (TR), retinoic acid receptors (RARs), retinoid X receptors (RXRs), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), and liver X receptors (LXRs). These studies are key to develop improved therapeutic agents based on novel modes of action with reduced side effects and overcoming resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Font-Díaz
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Alba Jiménez-Panizo
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, 08028, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Carme Caelles
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, 08028, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - María dM Vivanco
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research Technology Alliance, BRTA, Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, 48160, Spain
| | - Paloma Pérez
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV)-CSIC, Valencia, 46010, Spain
| | - Ana Aranda
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Eva Estébanez-Perpiñá
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, 08028, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Antonio Castrillo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain; Unidad de Biomedicina, (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Universidad de Las Palmas, Gran Canaria, 35001, Spain
| | - Mercedes Ricote
- Area of Myocardial Pathophysiology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Annabel F Valledor
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, 08028, Spain.
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Du L, Sun J, Zhang W, Wang Y, Zhu H, Liu T, Gao M, Zheng C, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Liu Y, Shao S, Zhang X, Leng Q, Auwerx J, Duan S. Macrophage NCOR1 Deficiency Ameliorates Myocardial Infarction and Neointimal Hyperplasia in Mice. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e015862. [PMID: 32720575 PMCID: PMC7792266 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.015862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background NCOR1 (nuclear receptor corepressor 1) is an essential coregulator of gene transcription. It has been shown that NCOR1 in macrophages plays important roles in metabolic regulation. However, the function of macrophage NCOR1 in response to myocardial infarction (MI) or vascular wire injury has not been elucidated. Methods and Results Here, using macrophage Ncor1 knockout mouse in combination with a mouse model of MI, we demonstrated that macrophage NCOR1 deficiency significantly reduced infarct size and improved cardiac function after MI. In addition, macrophage NCOR1 deficiency markedly inhibited neointimal hyperplasia and vascular remodeling in a mouse model of arterial wire injury. Inflammation and macrophage proliferation were substantially attenuated in hearts and arteries of macrophage Ncor1 knockout mice after MI and arterial wire injury, respectively. Cultured primary macrophages from macrophage Ncor1 knockout mice manifested lower expression of inflammatory genes upon stimulation by interleukin‐1β, interleukin‐6, or lipopolysaccharide, together with much less activation of inflammatory signaling cascades including signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 and nuclear factor‐κB. Furthermore, macrophage Ncor1 knockout macrophages were much less proliferative in culture, with inhibited cell cycle progression compared with control cells. Conclusions Collectively, our data have demonstrated that NCOR1 is a critical regulator of macrophage inflammation and proliferation and that deficiency of NCOR1 in macrophages attenuates MI and neointimal hyperplasia. Therefore, macrophage NCOR1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for MI and restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin‐Juan Du
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic DiseasesShanghai Ninth People's HospitalCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghaiChina
| | - Jian‐Yong Sun
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic DiseasesShanghai Ninth People's HospitalCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghaiChina
| | - Wu‐Chang Zhang
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic DiseasesShanghai Ninth People's HospitalCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghaiChina
| | - Yong‐Li Wang
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic DiseasesShanghai Ninth People's HospitalCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghaiChina
| | - Hong Zhu
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic DiseasesShanghai Ninth People's HospitalCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghaiChina
| | - Ting Liu
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic DiseasesShanghai Ninth People's HospitalCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghaiChina
| | - Ming‐Zhu Gao
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic AntibodyMinistry of Education, and School of PharmacyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chen Zheng
- Department of StomatologyThe Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Yu‐Yao Zhang
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic DiseasesShanghai Ninth People's HospitalCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghaiChina
| | - Yuan Liu
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic DiseasesShanghai Ninth People's HospitalCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghaiChina
| | - Yan Liu
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic DiseasesShanghai Ninth People's HospitalCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghaiChina
| | - Shuai Shao
- Department of NeurosurgeryRen Ji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xue‐Qing Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic AntibodyMinistry of Education, and School of PharmacyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qibin Leng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and ImmunologyInstitut Pasteur of ShanghaiShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of the Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems PhysiologyInstitute of BioengineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Sheng‐Zhong Duan
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic DiseasesShanghai Ninth People's HospitalCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghaiChina
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11
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Gong L, Hu Y, He D, Zhu Y, Xiang L, Xiao M, Bao Y, Liu X, Zeng Q, Liu J, Zhou M, Zhou Y, Cheng Y, Zhang Y, Deng L, Zhu R, Lan H, Cao K. Ubiquitin ligase CHAF1B induces cisplatin resistance in lung adenocarcinoma by promoting NCOR2 degradation. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:194. [PMID: 32508530 PMCID: PMC7249347 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01263-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is the most common malignant tumor in the world. The Whole-proteome microarray showed that ubiquitin ligase chromatin assembly factor 1 subunit B (CHAF1B) expression in A549/DDP cells is higher than in A549 cells. Our study explored the molecular mechanism of CHAF1B affecting cisplatin resistance in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods Proteome microarray quantify the differentially expressed proteins between LUAD cell line A549 and its cisplatin-resistant strain A549/DDP. Quantitative real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot (WB) confirmed the CHAF1B expression. Public databases analyzed the prognosis of LUAD patients with varied LUAD expression followed by the substrates prediction of CHAF1B. Public databases showed that nuclear receptor corepressor 2 (NCOR2) may be substrates of CHAF1B. WB detected that CHAF1B expression affected the expression of NCOR2. Cell and animal experiments and clinical data detected function and integrating mechanism of CHAF1B compounds. Results Proteome chips results indicated that CHAF1B, PPP1R13L, and CDC20 was higher than A549 in A549/DDP. Public databases showed that high expression of CHAF1B, PPP1R13L, and CDC20 was negatively correlated with prognosis in LUAD patients. PCR and WB results indicated higher CHAF1B expression in A549/DDP cells than that in A549 cells. NCOR2 and PPP5C were confirmed to be substrates of CHAF1B. CHAF1B knockdown significantly increased the sensitivity of cisplatin in A549/DDP cells and the upregulated NCOR2 expression. CHAF1B and NCOR2 are interacting proteins and the position of interaction between CHAF1B and NCOR2 was mainly in the nucleus. CHAF1B promotes ubiquitination degradation of NCOR2. Cells and animal experiments showed that under the action of cisplatin, after knockdown of CHAF1B and NCOR2 in A549/DDP group compared with CHAF1B knockdown alone, the cell proliferation and migratory ability increased and apoptotic rate decreased, and the growth rate and size of transplanted tumor increased significantly. Immunohistochemistry suggested that Ki-67 increased, while apoptosis-related indicators caspase-3 decreased significantly. Clinical data showed that patients with high expression of CHAF1B are more susceptible to cisplatin resistance. Conclusion Ubiquitin ligase CAHF1B can induce cisplatin resistance in LUAD by promoting the ubiquitination degradation of NCOR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Gong
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Dong He
- Department of Respiratory, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410007 China
| | - Yuxing Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Liang Xiang
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Mengqing Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Ying Bao
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Qinghai Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Jianye Liu
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 China
| | - Yaxin Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Yeyu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Liping Deng
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Rongrong Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Hua Lan
- Department of Gynaecology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Ke Cao
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013 China
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12
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López-Mateo I, Alonso-Merino E, Suarez-Cabrera C, Park JW, Cheng SY, Alemany S, Paramio JM, Aranda A. Thyroid Hormone Receptor β Inhibits Self-Renewal Capacity of Breast Cancer Stem Cells. Thyroid 2020; 30:116-132. [PMID: 31760908 PMCID: PMC6998057 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2019.0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background: A subpopulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) with capacity for self-renewal is believed to drive initiation, progression, and relapse of breast tumors. Methods: Since the thyroid hormone receptor β (TRβ) appears to suppress breast tumor growth and metastasis, we have analyzed the possibility that TRβ could affect the CSC population using MCF-7 cells grown under adherent conditions or as mammospheres, as well as inoculation into immunodeficient mice. Results: Treatment of TRβ-expressing MCF-7 cells (MCF7-TRβ cells) with the thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3) decreased significantly CD44+/CD24- and ALDH+ cell subpopulations, the efficiency of mammosphere formation, the self-renewal capacity of CSCs in limiting dilution assays, the expression of the pluripotency factors in the mammospheres, and tumor initiating capacity in immunodeficient mice, indicating that the hormone reduces the CSC population present within the bulk MCF7-TRβ cultures. T3 also decreased migration and invasion, a hallmark of CSCs. Transcriptome analysis showed downregulation of the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and ER-responsive genes by T3. Furthermore, among the T3-repressed genes, there was an enrichment in genes containing binding sites for transcription factors that are key determinants of luminal-type breast cancers and are required for ER binding to chromatin. Conclusion: We demonstrate a novel role of TRβ in the biology of CSCs that may be related to its action as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene López-Mateo
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols,” Madrid, Spain
| | - Elvira Alonso-Merino
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols,” Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jeong Won Park
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sheue-yann Cheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Susana Alemany
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols,” Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús M. Paramio
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Hosp Univ. “12 de Octubre,” Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Aranda
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols,” Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Address correspondence to: Ana Aranda, PhD, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols”, Arturo Duperier 4, Madrid 28029, Spain
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13
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Abnormally localized DLK1 interacts with NCOR1 in non-small cell lung cancer cell nuclear. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:220954. [PMID: 31661545 PMCID: PMC6911156 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20192362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Delta-like homolog 1 (DLK1) regulates noncanonical Notch signaling pathway as ligand. DLK1 was abnormally expressed in a variety of tumors, affecting tumorigenesis and developments. The biological function of DLK1 toward cell proliferation and signaling activation was controversial across different cell types. Two currently known isoforms of DLK1, which are membrane-tethered isoform and soluble isoform, are believed to be the key of DLK1 dual behaviors. While these isoforms are not enough to explain the phenomena, our observations offer the possibility of a third isoform of DLK1. In the present study, we verified the nuclear localization of DLK1 in lung cancer cells. The nuclear localized DLK1 was observed in 107 of 351 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) samples and was associated with tissue differentiation and tumor size. Through co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) combined mass spectrometry (MS), we identified nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (NCOR1) as DLK1's novel interaction protein and confirmed their interaction in nuclear. We analyzed the expression of NCOR1 in two independent cohorts and demonstrated that NCOR1 is a tumor suppressor and has prognosis potential in lung squamous carcinomas. At last, we analyzed the colocalization of DLK1 and NCOR1 in 147 NSCLC samples by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The result indicated NCOR1 might participate with nuclear localized DLK1 in regulating cell differentiation.
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14
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Shimizu H, Lu Y, Vella KR, Damilano F, Astapova I, Amano I, Ritter M, Gallop MR, Rosenzweig AN, Cohen RN, Hollenberg AN. Nuclear corepressor SMRT is a strong regulator of body weight independently of its ability to regulate thyroid hormone action. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220717. [PMID: 31404087 PMCID: PMC6690520 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Silencing Mediator of Retinoid and Thyroid Hormone Receptors (SMRT) and the nuclear receptor co-repressor1 (NCoR1) are paralogs and regulate nuclear receptor (NR) function through the recruitment of a multiprotein complex that includes histone deacetylase activity. Previous genetic strategies which deleted SMRT in a specific tissue or which altered the interaction between SMRT and NRs have suggested that it may regulate adiposity and insulin sensitivity. However, the full role of SMRT in adult mice has been difficult to establish because its complete deletion during embryogenesis is lethal. To elucidate the specific roles of SMRT in mouse target tissues especially in the context of thyroid hormone (TH) signaling, we used a tamoxifen-inducible post-natal disruption strategy. We found that global SMRT deletion causes dramatic obesity even though mice were fed a standard chow diet and exhibited normal food intake. This weight gain was associated with a decrease in energy expenditure. Interestingly, the deletion of SMRT had no effect on TH action in any tissue but did regulate retinoic acid receptor (RAR) function in the liver. We also demonstrate that the deletion of SMRT leads to profound hepatic steatosis in the setting of obesity. This is unlike NCoR1 deletion, which results in hepatic steatosis due to the upregulation of lipogenic gene expression. Taken together, our data demonstrate that SMRT plays a unique and CoR specific role in the regulation of body weight and has no role in TH action. This raises the possibility that additional role of CoRs besides NCoR1 and SMRT may exist to regulate TH action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Shimizu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yu Lu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kristen R. Vella
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Federico Damilano
- Division of Cardiology Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Inna Astapova
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Izuki Amano
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Megan Ritter
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Molly R. Gallop
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anthony N. Rosenzweig
- Division of Cardiology Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ronald N. Cohen
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Anthony N. Hollenberg
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
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15
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Bianco AC, Dumitrescu A, Gereben B, Ribeiro MO, Fonseca TL, Fernandes GW, Bocco BMLC. Paradigms of Dynamic Control of Thyroid Hormone Signaling. Endocr Rev 2019; 40:1000-1047. [PMID: 31033998 PMCID: PMC6596318 DOI: 10.1210/er.2018-00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone (TH) molecules enter cells via membrane transporters and, depending on the cell type, can be activated (i.e., T4 to T3 conversion) or inactivated (i.e., T3 to 3,3'-diiodo-l-thyronine or T4 to reverse T3 conversion). These reactions are catalyzed by the deiodinases. The biologically active hormone, T3, eventually binds to intracellular TH receptors (TRs), TRα and TRβ, and initiate TH signaling, that is, regulation of target genes and other metabolic pathways. At least three families of transmembrane transporters, MCT, OATP, and LAT, facilitate the entry of TH into cells, which follow the gradient of free hormone between the extracellular fluid and the cytoplasm. Inactivation or marked downregulation of TH transporters can dampen TH signaling. At the same time, dynamic modifications in the expression or activity of TRs and transcriptional coregulators can affect positively or negatively the intensity of TH signaling. However, the deiodinases are the element that provides greatest amplitude in dynamic control of TH signaling. Cells that express the activating deiodinase DIO2 can rapidly enhance TH signaling due to intracellular buildup of T3. In contrast, TH signaling is dampened in cells that express the inactivating deiodinase DIO3. This explains how THs can regulate pathways in development, metabolism, and growth, despite rather stable levels in the circulation. As a consequence, TH signaling is unique for each cell (tissue or organ), depending on circulating TH levels and on the exclusive blend of transporters, deiodinases, and TRs present in each cell. In this review we explore the key mechanisms underlying customization of TH signaling during development, in health and in disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio C Bianco
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alexandra Dumitrescu
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Balázs Gereben
- Department of Endocrine Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miriam O Ribeiro
- Developmental Disorders Program, Center of Biologic Sciences and Health, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana L Fonseca
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Gustavo W Fernandes
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Barbara M L C Bocco
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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16
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Costa LES, Clementino-Neto J, Mendes CB, Franzon NH, Costa EDO, Moura-Neto V, Ximenes-da-Silva A. Evidence of Aquaporin 4 Regulation by Thyroid Hormone During Mouse Brain Development and in Cultured Human Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:317. [PMID: 31019448 PMCID: PMC6458270 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that thyroid function and the thyroid hormones L-thyroxine (T4) and L-triiodothyronine (T3) are important factors contributing to the improvement of various pathologies of the central nervous system, including stroke, and various types of cancer, including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Low levels of T3 are correlated with the poorest outcome of post-stroke brain function, as well as an increased migration and proliferation of GBM tumor cells. Thyroid hormones are known to stimulate maturation and brain development. Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) is a key factor mediating the cell swelling and edema that occurs during ischemic stroke, and plays a potential role in the migration and proliferation of GBM tumor cells. In this study, as a possible therapeutic target for GBM, we investigated the potential role of T3 in the expression of AQP4 during different stages of mouse brain development. Pregnant mice at gestational day 18, or young animals at postnatal days 27 and 57, received injection of T3 (1 μg/g) or NaOH (0.02 N vehicle). The brains of mice sacrificed on postnatal days 0, 30, and 60 were perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde and sections were prepared for immunohistochemistry of AQP4. AQP4 immunofluorescence was measured in the mouse brains and human GBM cell lines. We found that distribution of AQP4 was localized in astrocytes of the periventricular, subpial, and cerebral parenchyma. Newborn mice treated with T3 showed a significant decrease in AQP4 immunoreactivity followed by an increased expression at P30 and a subsequent stabilization of aquaporin levels in adulthood. All GBM cell lines examined exhibited significantly lower AQP4 expression than cultured astrocytes. T3 treatment significantly downregulated AQP4 in GBM-95 cells but did not influence the rate of GBM cell migration measured 24 h after treatment initiation. Collectively, our results showed that AQP4 expression is developmentally regulated by T3 in astrocytes of the cerebral cortex of newborn and young mice, and is discretely downregulated in GBM cells. These findings indicate that higher concentrations of T3 thyroid hormone would be more suitable for reducing AQP4 in GBM tumorigenic cells, thereby resulting in better outcomes regarding the reduction of brain tumor cell migration and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas E S Costa
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
| | - José Clementino-Neto
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
| | - Carmelita B Mendes
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
| | - Nayara H Franzon
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
| | | | - Vivaldo Moura-Neto
- Instituto do Cérebro and Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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17
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Kang LJ, Yu ZH, Cai J, He R, Lu JT, Hou C, Wang QS, Li XQ, Zhang R, Feng YM. Reciprocal transrepression between FOXF2 and FOXQ1 controls basal-like breast cancer aggressiveness. FASEB J 2019; 33:6564-6573. [PMID: 30807702 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801916r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
FOXF2 and FOXQ1, forkhead box transcription factor superfamily members, are encoded by neighboring genes located on human chromosome 6p25.3 and play opposite roles in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis in basal-like breast cancer (BLBC). However, the relationship between FOXF2 and FOXQ1 in cancer remains unknown. Here, we found mutual transcriptional repression between FOXF2 and FOXQ1, and the reciprocal negative feedback loop controlled EMT, aggressiveness, and chemoresistance in BLBC cells. We further demonstrated that FOXF2 recruited nuclear receptor corepressor 1 and histone deacetylase 3 to the FOXQ1 promoter to inhibit its transcription in BLBC cells, but FOXQ1 did not exert such an effect on FOXF2. Our findings reveal novel mechanisms underlying the determination of BLBC aggressiveness and the transrepressive function of FOXF2 in a basal-like cell subtype-specific manner. Therefore, blocking the vicious cycle of the abnormal reciprocal feedback loop between FOXF2 and FOXQ1 to induce cell differentiation and restore tissue homeostasis is a promising strategy for the treatment of aggressive BLBC.-Kang, L.-J., Yu, Z.-H., Cai, J., He, R., Lu, J.-T., Hou, C., Wang, Q.-S., Li, X.-Q., Zhang, R., Feng, Y.-M. Reciprocal transrepression between FOXF2 and FOXQ1 controls basal-like breast cancer aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zi-Han Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun-Tao Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing-Shan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu-Mei Feng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
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18
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Li Z, Qi DL, Singh HP, Zou Y, Shen B, Cobrinik D. A novel thyroid hormone receptor isoform, TRβ2-46, promotes SKP2 expression and retinoblastoma cell proliferation. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:2961-2969. [PMID: 30643022 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ac118.006041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoblastoma is a childhood retinal tumor that develops from cone photoreceptor precursors in response to inactivating RB1 mutations and loss of functional RB protein. The cone precursor's response to RB loss involves cell type-specific signaling circuitry that helps to drive tumorigenesis. One component of the cone precursor circuitry, the thyroid hormone receptor β2 (TRβ2), enables the aberrant proliferation of diverse RB-deficient cells in part by opposing the down-regulation of S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2) by the more widely expressed and tumor-suppressive TRβ1. However, it is unclear how TRβ2 opposes TRβ1 to enable SKP2 expression and cell proliferation. Here, we show that in human retinoblastoma cells TRβ2 mRNA encodes two TRβ2 protein isoforms: a predominantly cytoplasmic 54-kDa protein (TRβ2-54) corresponding to the well-characterized full-length murine Trβ2 and an N-terminally truncated and exclusively cytoplasmic 46-kDa protein (TRβ2-46) that starts at Met-79. Whereas TRβ2 knockdown decreased SKP2 expression and impaired retinoblastoma cell cycle progression, re-expression of TRβ2-46 but not TRβ2-54 stabilized SKP2 and restored proliferation to an extent similar to that of ectopic SKP2 restoration. We conclude that TRβ2-46 is an oncogenic thyroid hormone receptor isoform that promotes SKP2 expression and SKP2-dependent retinoblastoma cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengke Li
- From The Vision Center and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90027, .,Department of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, and
| | - Dong-Lai Qi
- From The Vision Center and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90027
| | - Hardeep P Singh
- From The Vision Center and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90027
| | - Yue Zou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, and
| | - Binghui Shen
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010
| | - David Cobrinik
- From The Vision Center and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90027, .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, and USC Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033
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19
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Noblejas-López MDM, Morcillo-García S, Nieto-Jiménez C, Nuncia-Cantarero M, Győrffy B, Galan-Moya EM, Pandiella A, Ocaña A. Evaluation of transcriptionally regulated genes identifies NCOR1 in hormone receptor negative breast tumors and lung adenocarcinomas as a potential tumor suppressor gene. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207776. [PMID: 30485330 PMCID: PMC6261593 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of transcription is a key process in cellular homeostasis. It depends on regulators that either repress or stimulate the transcription of genes, therefore controlling different biological functions. The Nuclear Receptor Corepressor 1 (NCOR1) is one of those co-repressors that regulate the transcription by facilitating the recruitment of HDAC1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7. In our article, by using an in silico approach, we evaluate the mutational status of NCOR1 in breast and lung tumors. We identified that NORC1 is mutated in more than 3% of breast tumors and lung adenocarcinomas and linked this fact with detrimental outcome in some subtypes, particularly in those that are hormone receptor negative. In addition to these findings, as mutations in this gene are deleterious, we confirmed that high levels of this gene were linked with good prognosis in the same tumor subtypes. Findings in the same direction were identified in lung adenocarcinomas, with mutations associated with detrimental prognosis and high expression with better outcome. In conclusion, hereby we describe the presence and prognostic role of mutations in the NCOR1 gene in hormone receptor negative breast and lung adenocarcinomas, and we also confirm that NCOR1 is a tumor suppressor gene. Further studies should be performed to explore therapeutic mechanisms to restore its function.
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Affiliation(s)
- María del Mar Noblejas-López
- Translational Research Unit, Albacete University Hospital, and CIBERONC, Albacete, Spain
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Sara Morcillo-García
- Translational Research Unit, Albacete University Hospital, and CIBERONC, Albacete, Spain
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Cristina Nieto-Jiménez
- Translational Research Unit, Albacete University Hospital, and CIBERONC, Albacete, Spain
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Miriam Nuncia-Cantarero
- Translational Research Unit, Albacete University Hospital, and CIBERONC, Albacete, Spain
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- Semmelweis University 2nd Dept. of Pediatrics, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eva M. Galan-Moya
- Translational Research Unit, Albacete University Hospital, and CIBERONC, Albacete, Spain
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
- * E-mail: (AO); (EMGM)
| | | | - Alberto Ocaña
- Translational Research Unit, Albacete University Hospital, and CIBERONC, Albacete, Spain
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
- * E-mail: (AO); (EMGM)
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Dharanipragada P, Seelam SR, Parekh N. SeqVItA: Sequence Variant Identification and Annotation Platform for Next Generation Sequencing Data. Front Genet 2018; 9:537. [PMID: 30487811 PMCID: PMC6247818 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The current trend in clinical data analysis is to understand how individuals respond to therapies and drug interactions based on their genetic makeup. This has led to a paradigm shift in healthcare; caring for patients is now 99% information and 1% intervention. Reducing costs of next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies has made it possible to take genetic profiling to the clinical setting. This requires not just fast and accurate algorithms for variant detection, but also a knowledge-base for variant annotation and prioritization to facilitate tailored therapeutics based on an individual's genetic profile. Here we show that it is possible to provide a fast and easy access to all possible information about a variant and its impact on the gene, its protein product, associated pathways and drug-variant interactions by integrating previously reported knowledge from various databases. With this objective, we have developed a pipeline, Sequence Variants Identification and Annotation (SeqVItA) that provides end-to-end solution for small sequence variants detection, annotation and prioritization on a single platform. Parallelization of the variant detection step and with numerous resources incorporated to infer functional impact, clinical relevance and drug-variant associations, SeqVItA will benefit the clinical and research communities alike. Its open-source platform and modular framework allows for easy customization of the workflow depending on the data type (single, paired, or pooled samples), variant type (germline and somatic), and variant annotation and prioritization. Performance comparison of SeqVItA on simulated data and detection, interpretation and analysis of somatic variants on real data (24 liver cancer patients) is carried out. We demonstrate the efficacy of annotation module in facilitating personalized medicine based on patient's mutational landscape. SeqVItA is freely available at https://bioinf.iiit.ac.in/seqvita.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanthi Dharanipragada
- Center for Computational Natural Science and Bioinformatics, International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sampreeth Reddy Seelam
- Center for Computational Natural Science and Bioinformatics, International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Nita Parekh
- Center for Computational Natural Science and Bioinformatics, International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad, India
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21
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Prasad RM, Mody RJ, Myers G, Mullins M, Naji Z, Geiger JD. A genome-wide analysis of colorectal cancer in a child with Noonan syndrome. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2018; 65:e27362. [PMID: 30039904 PMCID: PMC6150814 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.27362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Noonan syndrome (NS) is a developmental syndrome caused by germline mutations in the Ras signaling pathway. No association has been shown between NS and pediatric colorectal cancer (CRC). We report the case of CRC in a pediatric patient with NS. The patient underwent whole genome sequencing. A germline SOS1 mutation c.1310T>C (p. Ile437Thr) confirmed NS diagnosis. No known hereditary cancer syndromes were identified. Tumor analysis revealed two mutations: a TP53 missense mutation c.481G>A (p. Ala161Tyr) and NCOR1 nonsense mutation c.6052C>T (p. Arg2018*). This report highlights the complexity of Ras signaling and the interplay between developmental syndromes and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul M Prasad
- The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio,Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,Correspondence to: Rahul Prasad, D4207, Medical Professional Building, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5718.
| | - Rajen J Mody
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | | | - Zaher Naji
- Mercy St. Vincent Medical Center, Toledo, Ohio
| | - James D Geiger
- Section of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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22
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Meng Q, Valentini D, Rao M, Moro CF, Paraschoudi G, Jäger E, Dodoo E, Rangelova E, Del Chiaro M, Maeurer M. Neoepitope targets of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes from patients with pancreatic cancer. Br J Cancer 2018; 120:97-108. [PMID: 30377343 PMCID: PMC6325142 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-018-0262-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer exhibits a poor prognosis and often presents with metastasis at diagnosis. Immunotherapeutic approaches targeting private cancer mutations (neoantigens) are a clinically viable option to improve clinical outcomes. Methods 3/40 TIL lines (PanTT26, PanTT39, PanTT77) were more closely examined for neoantigen recognition. Whole-exome sequencing was performed to identify non-synonymous somatic mutations. Mutant peptides were synthesised and assessed for antigen-specific IFN-γ production and specific tumour killing in a standard Cr51 assay. TIL phenotype was tested by flow cytometry. Lymphocytes and HLA molecules in tumour tissue were visualised by immunohistochemistry. Results PanTT26 and PanTT39 TILs recognised and killed the autologous tumour cells. PanTT26 TIL recognised the KRASG12v mutation, while a PanTT39 CD4+ TIL clone recognised the neoepitope (GLLRYWRTERLF) from an aquaporin 1-like protein (gene: K7N7A8). Repeated stimulation of TILs with the autologous tumour cells line lead to focused recognition of several mutated targets, based on IFN-γ production. TILs and corresponding PBMCs from PanTT77 showed shared as well as mutually exclusively tumour epitope recognition (TIL-responsive or PBMC-responsive). Conclusion This study provides methods to robustly screen T-cell targets for pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic cancer is immunogenic and immunotherapeutic approaches can be used to develop improved, targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingda Meng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (LABMED), Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Davide Valentini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (LABMED), Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Rao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (LABMED), Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carlos Fernández Moro
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (LABMED), Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Georgia Paraschoudi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (LABMED), Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elke Jäger
- Krankenhaus Nordwest, Division of Oncology and Haematology, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ernest Dodoo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (LABMED), Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elena Rangelova
- Department of Clinical Science, Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Division of Surgery, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marco Del Chiaro
- Department of Clinical Science, Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Division of Surgery, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Markus Maeurer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (LABMED), Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Centre for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Oncology/Haematology, KHNW, Frankfurt, Germany & ImmunoSurgery Unit, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal.
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Interplay between TRα1 and Wnt signaling: A dangerous liaison. Oncotarget 2018; 9:31939-31940. [PMID: 30174785 PMCID: PMC6112828 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Erinjeri NJ, Nicolson NG, Deyholos C, Korah R, Carling T. Whole-Exome Sequencing Identifies Two Discrete Druggable Signaling Pathways in Follicular Thyroid Cancer. J Am Coll Surg 2018; 226:950-959.e5. [PMID: 29571661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2018.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, with continuously increasing incidence. Follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) accounts for approximately 10% to 15% of these cases and is known to be associated with several gene mutations. The purpose of this study was to identify novel therapeutic targets in FTC using whole-exome sequencing (WES) and bioinformatics analysis. STUDY DESIGN Whole-exome sequencing was performed on 6 established FTC cell lines. Stringent false-proof filtering and exclusion of synonymous and known polymorphisms yielded novel missense, nonsense, and splice-site single nucleotide variants (SNV). Gene variants were analyzed for structural, functional, and evolutionary properties using GO (Gene Ontology), Pfam (Protein Families), and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) searches by STRING (Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins) and GORILLA (Gene Ontology enRIchment anaLysis and visuaLizAtion tool) analyses. A false discovery rate of <0.5 was used to denote significantly enriched signaling pathways. RESULTS An average of 657 (range 366 to 1,158) SNVs including 31 (range 12 to 53) known cancer driver genes were identified in FTC cell line exomes. The SNV burden, distribution, frequency, and signature followed the known thyroid mutation profiles, without chromosomal bias. Recurrently mutated cancer driver genes included FRG1 (6/6), CDC27, NCOR1, PRSS1 (5/6), AHCTF1, MUC20, PABPC1, and PABPC3 (4/6). Pathway analysis using bioinformatics tools STRING and GORILLA segregated FTC cell lines into 2 druggable signaling groups showing dominant RAS/ERK1-2/AKT and CDK1/CyclinB signaling pathway targets. CONCLUSIONS Next-generation sequencing tools can be used to identify druggable signaling targets for precision treatment of FTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeta J Erinjeri
- Department of Surgery, Yale Endocrine Neoplasia Laboratory, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Norman G Nicolson
- Department of Surgery, Yale Endocrine Neoplasia Laboratory, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Christine Deyholos
- Department of Surgery, Yale Endocrine Neoplasia Laboratory, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Reju Korah
- Department of Surgery, Yale Endocrine Neoplasia Laboratory, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Tobias Carling
- Department of Surgery, Yale Endocrine Neoplasia Laboratory, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
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25
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Global transcriptomic analysis suggests carbon dioxide as an environmental stressor in spaceflight: A systems biology GeneLab case study. Sci Rep 2018. [PMID: 29520055 PMCID: PMC5843582 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22613-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Spaceflight introduces a combination of environmental stressors, including microgravity, ionizing radiation, changes in diet and altered atmospheric gas composition. In order to understand the impact of each environmental component on astronauts it is important to investigate potential influences in isolation. Rodent spaceflight experiments involve both standard vivarium cages and animal enclosure modules (AEMs), which are cages used to house rodents in spaceflight. Ground control AEMs are engineered to match the spaceflight environment. There are limited studies examining the biological response invariably due to the configuration of AEM and vivarium housing. To investigate the innate global transcriptomic patterns of rodents housed in spaceflight-matched AEM compared to standard vivarium cages we utilized publicly available data from the NASA GeneLab repository. Using a systems biology approach, we observed that AEM housing was associated with significant transcriptomic differences, including reduced metabolism, altered immune responses, and activation of possible tumorigenic pathways. Although we did not perform any functional studies, our findings revealed a mild hypoxic phenotype in AEM, possibly due to atmospheric carbon dioxide that was increased to match conditions in spaceflight. Our investigation illustrates the process of generating new hypotheses and informing future experimental research by repurposing multiple space-flown datasets.
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26
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Rigalli JP, Reichel M, Reuter T, Tocchetti GN, Dyckhoff G, Herold-Mende C, Theile D, Weiss J. The pregnane X receptor (PXR) and the nuclear receptor corepressor 2 (NCoR2) modulate cell growth in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193242. [PMID: 29470550 PMCID: PMC5823449 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most frequent cancer worldwide. The pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a nuclear receptor regulating several target genes associated with cancer malignancy. We here demonstrated a significant effect of PXR on HNSCC cell growth, as evidenced in PXR knock-down experiments. PXR transcriptional activity is more importantly regulated by the presence of coactivators and corepressors than by PXR protein expression. To date, there is scarce information on the regulation of PXR in HNSCC and on its role in the pathogenesis of this disease. Coactivator and corepressor expression was screened through qRT-PCR in 8 HNSCC cell lines and correlated to PXR activity, determined by using a reporter gene assay. All cell lines considerably expressed all the cofactors assessed. PXR activity negatively correlated with nuclear receptor corepressor 2 (NCoR2) expression, indicating a major role of this corepressor in PXR modulation and suggesting its potential as a surrogate for PXR activity in HNSCC. To test the association of NCoR2 with the malignant phenotype, a subset of three cell lines was transfected with an over-expression plasmid for this corepressor. Subsequently, cell growth and chemoresistance assays were performed. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying NCoR2 effects on cell growth, caspase 3/7 activity and protein levels of cleaved caspase 3 and PARP were evaluated. In HNO97 cells, NCoR2 over-expression decreased cell growth, chemoresistance and increased cleaved caspase 3 levels, caspase activity and cleaved PARP levels. On the contrary, in HNO124 and HNO210 cells, NCoR2 over-expression increased cell growth, drug resistance and decreased cleaved caspase 3 levels, caspase activity and cleaved PARP levels. In conclusion, we demonstrated a role of PXR and NCoR2 in the modulation of cell growth in HNSCC. This may contribute to a better understanding of the highly variable HNSCC therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Rigalli
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Reichel
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tasmin Reuter
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Guillermo Nicolás Tocchetti
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Physiology (IFISE-CONICET), Rosario, Argentina
| | - Gerhard Dyckhoff
- Molecular Cell Biology Group, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christel Herold-Mende
- Molecular Cell Biology Group, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Neurosurgical Research, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dirk Theile
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johanna Weiss
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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27
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Martínez-Iglesias O, Olmeda D, Alonso-Merino E, Gómez-Rey S, González-López AM, Luengo E, Soengas MS, Palacios J, Regadera J, Aranda A. The nuclear corepressor 1 and the thyroid hormone receptor β suppress breast tumor lymphangiogenesis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:78971-78984. [PMID: 27806339 PMCID: PMC5346691 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular Endotelial Growth Factors C and D (VEGF-C and VEGF-D) are crucial regulators of lymphangiogenesis, a main event in the metastatic spread of breast cancer tumors. Although inhibition of lymphangiogenic gene expression might be a useful therapeutic strategy to restrict the progression of cancer, the factors involved in the transcriptional repression of these genes are still unknown. We have previously shown that Nuclear Receptor Corepressor 1 (NCoR) and the thyroid hormone receptor β1 (TRβ) inhibit tumor invasion. Here we show that these molecules repress VEGF-C and VEGF-D gene transcription in breast cancer cells, reducing lymphatic vessel density and sentinel lymph node invasion in tumor xenografts. The clinical significance of these results is stressed by the finding that NCoR and TRβ transcripts correlate negatively with those of the lymphangiogenic genes and the lymphatic vessel marker LYVE-1 in human breast tumors. Our results point to the use of NCoR and TRβ as potential biomarkers for diagnosis or prognosis in breast cancer and suggest that further studies of these molecules as potential targets for anti-lymphangiogenic therapy are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaia Martínez-Iglesias
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - David Olmeda
- Molecular Oncology Programme, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Elvira Alonso-Merino
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Gómez-Rey
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M González-López
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Luengo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - María S Soengas
- Molecular Oncology Programme, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - José Palacios
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Universidad de Alcalá, Spain
| | - Javier Regadera
- Departamento de Anatomía, Histología y Neurociencia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Aranda
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
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Columbano A, Chiellini G, Kowalik MA. GC-1: A Thyromimetic With Multiple Therapeutic Applications in Liver Disease. Gene Expr 2017; 17:265-275. [PMID: 28635586 PMCID: PMC5885148 DOI: 10.3727/105221617x14968563796227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones (THs), namely, 3,5,3'-triiodo-l-thyronine (T3) and 3,5,3',5'-tetraiodo-l-thyronine (thyroxine or T4), influence a variety of physiological processes that have important implications in fetal development, metabolism, cell growth, and proliferation. While THs elicit several beneficial effects on lipid metabolism and improve myocardial contractility, these therapeutically desirable effects are associated to a thyrotoxic state that severely limits the possible use of THs as therapeutic agents. Therefore, several efforts have been made to develop T3 analogs that could retain the beneficial actions (triglyceride, cholesterol, obesity, and body mass lowering) without the adverse TH-dependent side effects. This goal was achieved by the synthesis of TRβ-selective agonists. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the effects of one of the best characterized TH analogs, the TRβ1-selective thyromimetic, GC-1. In particular, we review some of the effects of GC-1 on different liver disorders, with reference to its possible clinical application. A brief comment on the possible therapeutic use of GC-1 in extrahepatic disorders is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amedeo Columbano
- *Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Oncology and Molecular Pathology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Grazia Chiellini
- †Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marta Anna Kowalik
- *Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Oncology and Molecular Pathology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Liang L, Gao L, Zou XP, Huang ML, Chen G, Li JJ, Cai XY. Diagnostic significance and potential function of miR-338-5p in hepatocellular carcinoma: A bioinformatics study with microarray and RNA sequencing data. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:2297-2312. [PMID: 29207053 PMCID: PMC5783480 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-338-5p has been studied in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, the diagnostic value and molecular mechanism underlying its actions remains to be elucidated. The present study aimed to validate the diagnostic ability of miR-338-5p and further explore the underlying molecular mechanism. Data from eligible studies, Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) chips and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets were gathered in the data mining and the integrated meta-analysis, to evaluate the significance of miR-338-5p in diagnosing HCC comprehensively. The potential target genes of miR-338-5p were achieved from the intersection of the deregulated targets of miR-338-5p from GEO and TCGA in addition to the predicted target genes from 12 online software. A protein-protein-interaction (PPI) network was drawn to illustrate the interaction between target genes and to define the hub genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed to investigate the function of the target genes. From the results, miR-338-5p exhibited favorable value in diagnosing HCC. Types of sample and experiment were defined as the possible sources of heterogeneity in meta-analysis. A total of 423 genes were selected as the potential target genes of miR-338-5p, and five genes were defined as the hub genes from the PPI network. The GO and KEGG analyses indicated that the target genes were significantly assembled in the pathways of metabolic process and cell cycle. miR-338-5p may function as a novel diagnostic target for HCC through regulating certain target genes and signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, P.R. China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ping Zou
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Lan Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Jun Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yong Cai
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, P.R. China
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30
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Goemann IM, Romitti M, Meyer ELS, Wajner SM, Maia AL. Role of thyroid hormones in the neoplastic process: an overview. Endocr Relat Cancer 2017; 24:R367-R385. [PMID: 28928142 DOI: 10.1530/erc-17-0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones (TH) are critical regulators of several physiological processes, which include development, differentiation and growth in virtually all tissues. In past decades, several studies have shown that changes in TH levels caused by thyroid dysfunction, disruption of deiodinases and/or thyroid hormone receptor (TR) expression in tumor cells, influence cell proliferation, differentiation, survival and invasion in a variety of neoplasms in a cell type-specific manner. The function of THs and TRs in neoplastic cell proliferation involves complex mechanisms that seem to be cell specific, exerting effects via genomic and nongenomic pathways, repressing or stimulating transcription factors, influencing angiogenesis and promoting invasiveness. Taken together, these observations indicate an important role of TH status in the pathogenesis and/or development of human neoplasia. Here, we aim to present an updated and comprehensive picture of the accumulated knowledge and the current understanding of the potential role of TH status on the different hallmarks of the neoplastic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuri Martin Goemann
- Thyroid SectionEndocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mirian Romitti
- Thyroid SectionEndocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Erika L Souza Meyer
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Simone Magagnin Wajner
- Thyroid SectionEndocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza Maia
- Thyroid SectionEndocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Clawson GA, Matters GL, Xin P, McGovern C, Wafula E, dePamphilis C, Meckley M, Wong J, Stewart L, D’Jamoos C, Altman N, Imamura Kawasawa Y, Du Z, Honaas L, Abraham T. "Stealth dissemination" of macrophage-tumor cell fusions cultured from blood of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184451. [PMID: 28957348 PMCID: PMC5619717 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we describe isolation and characterization of macrophage-tumor cell fusions (MTFs) from the blood of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients. The MTFs were generally aneuploidy, and immunophenotypic characterizations showed that the MTFs express markers characteristic of PDAC and stem cells, as well as M2-polarized macrophages. Single cell RNASeq analyses showed that the MTFs express many transcripts implicated in cancer progression, LINE1 retrotransposons, and very high levels of several long non-coding transcripts involved in metastasis (such as MALAT1). When cultured MTFs were transplanted orthotopically into mouse pancreas, they grew as obvious well-differentiated islands of cells, but they also disseminated widely throughout multiple tissues in "stealth" fashion. They were found distributed throughout multiple organs at 4, 8, or 12 weeks after transplantation (including liver, spleen, lung), occurring as single cells or small groups of cells, without formation of obvious tumors or any apparent progression over the 4 to 12 week period. We suggest that MTFs form continually during PDAC development, and that they disseminate early in cancer progression, forming "niches" at distant sites for subsequent colonization by metastasis-initiating cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary A. Clawson
- Gittlen Cancer Research Laboratories and the Department of Pathology, Hershey Medical Center (HMC), Pennsylvania State University (PSU), Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Gail L. Matters
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, HMC, PSU, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Ping Xin
- Gittlen Cancer Research Laboratories and the Department of Pathology, Hershey Medical Center (HMC), Pennsylvania State University (PSU), Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Christopher McGovern
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, HMC, PSU, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Eric Wafula
- Department of Biology, Eberly College, University Park (UP), Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Claude dePamphilis
- Department of Biology, Eberly College, University Park (UP), Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Morgan Meckley
- Gittlen Cancer Research Laboratories and the Department of Pathology, Hershey Medical Center (HMC), Pennsylvania State University (PSU), Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Joyce Wong
- Department of Surgery, HMC, PSU, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Luke Stewart
- Applications Support, Fluidigm Corporation, South San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Christopher D’Jamoos
- Applications Support, Fluidigm Corporation, South San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Naomi Altman
- Department of Statistics, Eberly College, UP, PSU, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Yuka Imamura Kawasawa
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Institute for Personalized Medicine, HMC, PSU, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Zhen Du
- Gittlen Cancer Research Laboratories and the Department of Pathology, Hershey Medical Center (HMC), Pennsylvania State University (PSU), Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Loren Honaas
- Department of Biology, Eberly College, University Park (UP), Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Thomas Abraham
- Department of Neural & Behavioral Sciences and Microscopy Imaging Facility, HMC, PSU, Hershey, PA, United States of America
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32
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Miro C, Ambrosio R, De Stefano MA, Di Girolamo D, Di Cicco E, Cicatiello AG, Mancino G, Porcelli T, Raia M, Del Vecchio L, Salvatore D, Dentice M. The Concerted Action of Type 2 and Type 3 Deiodinases Regulates the Cell Cycle and Survival of Basal Cell Carcinoma Cells. Thyroid 2017; 27:567-576. [PMID: 28088877 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2016.0532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid hormones (THs) mediate pleiotropic cellular processes involved in metabolism, cellular proliferation, and differentiation. The intracellular hormonal environment can be tailored by the type 1 and 2 deiodinase enzymes D2 and D3, which catalyze TH activation and inactivation respectively. In many cellular systems, THs exert well-documented stimulatory or inhibitory effects on cell proliferation; however, the molecular mechanisms by which they control rates of cell cycle progression have not yet been entirely clarified. We previously showed that D3 depletion or TH treatment influences the proliferation and survival of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) cells. Surprisingly, we also found that BCC cells express not only sustained levels of D3 but also robust levels of D2. The aim of the present study was to dissect the contribution of D2 to TH metabolism in the BCC context, and to identify the molecular changes associated with cell proliferation and survival induced by TH and mediated by D2 and D3. METHODS We used the CRISPR/Cas9 technology to genetically deplete D2 and D3 in BCC cells and studied the consequences of depletion on cell cycle progression and on cell death. Cell cycle progression was analyzed by fluorescence activated cell sorting analysis of synchronized cells, and the apoptosis rate by annexin V incorporation. RESULTS Mechanistic investigations revealed that D2 inactivation accelerates cell cycle progression thereby enhancing the proportion of S-phase cells and cyclin D1 expression. Conversely, D3 mutagenesis drastically suppressed cell proliferation and enhanced apoptosis of BCC cells. Furthermore, the basal apoptotic rate was oppositely regulated in D2- and D3-depleted cells. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that BCC cells constitute an example in which the TH signal is finely tuned by the concerted expression of opposite-acting deiodinases. The dual regulation of D2 and D3 expression plays a critical role in cell cycle progression and cell death by influencing cyclin D1-mediated entry into the G1-S phase. These findings reinforce the concept that TH is a potential therapeutic target in human BCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Miro
- 1 Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II" , Napoli, Italy
| | - Raffaele Ambrosio
- 2 Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico-SDN , Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Angela De Stefano
- 1 Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II" , Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniela Di Girolamo
- 1 Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II" , Napoli, Italy
| | - Emery Di Cicco
- 1 Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II" , Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppina Mancino
- 1 Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II" , Napoli, Italy
| | - Tommaso Porcelli
- 1 Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II" , Napoli, Italy
| | - Maddalena Raia
- 3 Centro di Ingegneria Genetica-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c. a r.l., Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Del Vecchio
- 3 Centro di Ingegneria Genetica-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c. a r.l., Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Salvatore
- 1 Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II" , Napoli, Italy
- 3 Centro di Ingegneria Genetica-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c. a r.l., Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Dentice
- 1 Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II" , Napoli, Italy
- 3 Centro di Ingegneria Genetica-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c. a r.l., Naples, Italy
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Patel SA, Vanharanta S. Epigenetic determinants of metastasis. Mol Oncol 2017; 11:79-96. [PMID: 27756687 PMCID: PMC5423227 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic analyses of cancer progression in patient samples and model systems have thus far failed to identify specific mutational drivers of metastasis. Yet, at least in experimental systems, metastatic cancer clones display stable traits that can facilitate progression through the many steps of metastasis. How cancer cells establish and maintain the transcriptional programmes required for metastasis remains mostly unknown. Emerging evidence suggests that metastatic traits may arise from epigenetically altered transcriptional output of the oncogenic signals that drive tumour initiation and early progression. Molecular dissection of such mechanisms remains a central challenge for a comprehensive understanding of the origins of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saroor A Patel
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sakari Vanharanta
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ, United Kingdom.
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34
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Perra A, Plateroti M, Columbano A. T3/TRs axis in hepatocellular carcinoma: new concepts for an old pair. Endocr Relat Cancer 2016; 23:R353-69. [PMID: 27353037 DOI: 10.1530/erc-16-0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and its burden is expected to further increase in the next years. Chronic inflammation, induced by multiple viruses or metabolic alterations, and epigenetic and genetic modifications, cooperate in cancer development via a combination of common and distinct aetiology-specific pathways. In spite of the advances of classical therapies, the prognosis of this neoplasm has not considerably improved over the past few years. The advent of targeted therapies and the approval of the systemic treatment of advanced HCC with the kinase inhibitor sorafenib have provided some hope for the future. However, the benefits obtained from this treatment are still disappointing, as it extends the median life expectancy of patients by only few months. It is thus mandatory to find alternative effective treatments. Although the role played by thyroid hormones (THs) and their nuclear receptors (TRs) in human cancer is still unclear, mounting evidence indicates that they behave as oncosuppressors in HCC. However, the molecular mechanisms by which they exert this effect and the consequence of their activation following ligand binding on HCC progression remain elusive. In this review, we re-evaluate the existing evidence of the role of TH/TRs in HCC development; we will also discuss how TR alterations could affect fundamental biological processes, such as hepatocyte proliferation and differentiation, and consequently HCC progression. Finally, we will discuss if and how TRs can be foreseen as therapeutic targets in HCC and whether selective TR modulation by TH analogues may hold promise for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Perra
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Michelina Plateroti
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon INSERM U1052CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, Département de la Recherche, Lyon, France
| | - Amedeo Columbano
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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35
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Park JW, Zhao L, Willingham MC, Cheng SY. Loss of tyrosine phosphorylation at Y406 abrogates the tumor suppressor functions of the thyroid hormone receptor β. Mol Carcinog 2016; 56:489-498. [PMID: 27254276 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We have recently identified that phosphorylation at tyrosine (Y)406 is critical for the tumor suppressor functions of the thyroid hormone receptor β1 (TRβ) in a breast cancer line. However, still unclear is whether the critical tumor suppressor role of phosphorylated Y406 of TRβ is limited to only breast cancer cells or could be extended to other cell types. In the present studies, we addressed this question by stably expressing TRβ, a mutated TRβ oncogene (PV), or a TRβ mutated at Y406 (TRβY406F) in rat PCCL3 thyroid follicular cells and evaluated their tumor characteristics in athymic mice with elevated thyroid stimulating hormone. PCCL3 cells stably expressing PV (PCCL3-PV), TRβY406F (PCCL3-TRβY406F), or vector only (PCCL3-Neo) developed tumors with sizes in the rank order of TRβY406F>PV = Neo, whereas PCCL3 cells expressing TRβ (PCCL3-TRβ) barely developed tumors. As evidenced by markedly elevated Ki67, cyclin D1, and p-Rb protein abundance, proliferative activity was high in PV and TRβY406F tumors, but low in TRβ tumors. These results indicate that TRβ acted as a tumor suppressor in PCCL3 cells, whereas TRβY406F and PV had lost tumor suppressor activity. Interestingly, TRβY406F tumors had very low necrotic areas with decreased TNFα-NFκB signaling to lower apoptotic activity. In contrast, PV tumors had prominent large necrotic areas, with no apparent changes in TNFα-NFκB signaling, indicating distinct oncogenic activities of mutant PV and TRβY406F. Thus, the present studies uncovered a novel mechanism by which TRβ could function as a tumor suppressor through modulation of the TNFα-NFκB signaling. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Won Park
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Li Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mark C Willingham
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sheue-Yann Cheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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36
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Martínez-Iglesias O, Alonso-Merino E, Aranda A. Tumor suppressive actions of the nuclear receptor corepressor 1. Pharmacol Res 2016; 108:75-79. [PMID: 27149915 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear Receptor Corepressor 1 (NCoR) is an important transcriptional regulator that interacts with nuclear receptors and other transcription factors. Recent results have shown the presence of inactivating mutations or deletions of the NCoR gene in human tumors. NCoR has a strong tumor suppressor activity, inhibiting invasion, metastasis formation and tumor growth in xenograft mouse models. These changes are associated to transcriptional inhibition of genes linked to bad prognosis and increased metastasis in cancer patients. NCoR loss causes a long-term repression of NCoR gene transcription, suggesting that NCoR deficiency in the cancer cell could be propagated playing a role in tumor progression in the absence of NCoR gene mutations. The thyroid hormone receptor TRβ increases NCoR expression and this induction is essential in mediating the anti-metastatic and tumor suppressive actions of the receptor. Since metastasis is the main cause of cancer-related deaths, these results define NCoR as a potential target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaia Martínez-Iglesias
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Elvira Alonso-Merino
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Aranda
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
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