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Ninomiya MEM, Burns N, Pollock NJ, Green NTG, Martin J, Linton J, Rand JR, Brubacher LJ, Keeling A, Latta A. Indigenous communities and the mental health impacts of land dispossession related to industrial resource development: a systematic review. Lancet Planet Health 2023; 7:e501-e517. [PMID: 37286247 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(23)00079-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Globally, many resource extraction projects such as mines and hydroelectric dams are developed on the territories of Indigenous Peoples. Recognising land as a determinant of Indigenous Peoples' health, our objective is to synthesise evidence about the mental health impacts on Indigenous communities who experience land dispossession due to industrial resource development (mining, hydroelectric, petroleum, and agricultural). We systematically reviewed studies that focused on Indigenous land dispossession in Australia, Aotearoa (New Zealand), North and South America, and the Circumpolar North. We searched Scopus, Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Global Health on OVID for peer-reviewed articles published in English from database inception to Dec 31, 2020. We also searched for books, research reports, and scholarly journals specialising in Indigenous health or Indigenous research. We included documents that reported on primary research, focused on Indigenous Peoples in settler colonial states, and reported on mental health and industrial resource development. Of the 29 included studies, 13 were related to hydroelectric dams, 11 to petroleum developments, nine to mining, and two to agriculture. Land dispossession due to industrial resource development had predominantly negative mental health impacts on Indigenous communities. The impacts were consequences of colonial relations that threatened Indigenous identities, resources, languages, traditions, spirituality, and ways of life. Health impact assessment processes in industrial resource development must expressly consider risks and potential impacts on mental health and respect Indigenous rights by making knowledge about mental health risks a central component to decisions about free, prior, and informed consent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody E Morton Ninomiya
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada; Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Nicole Burns
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada; Balsillie School of International Affairs, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Nathaniel J Pollock
- School of Arctic and Subarctic Studies, Labrador Campus, Memorial University, Happy Valley-Goose Bay, NL, Canada
| | - Nadia T G Green
- Berens River First Nation, MB, Canada; Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jessica Martin
- Six Nations of the Grand River, ON, Canada; Indigenous Studies, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Janice Linton
- Neil John Maclean Health Sciences Library, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Jenny R Rand
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Laura Jane Brubacher
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Arn Keeling
- Department of Geography, Memorial University, St John's, NL, Canada
| | - Alex Latta
- Department of Global Studies, Faculty of Arts, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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Jones RT, Tusting LS, Smith HMP, Segbaya S, Macdonald MB, Bangs MJ, Logan JG. The Role of the Private Sector in Supporting Malaria Control in Resource Development Settings. J Infect Dis 2021; 222:S701-S708. [PMID: 33119094 PMCID: PMC7594257 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Industrial operations of the private sector, such as extraction, agriculture, and construction, can bring large numbers of people into new settlement areas and cause environmental change that promotes the transmission of vector-borne diseases. Industry-related workers and communities unduly exposed to infection risk typically lack the knowledge and means to protect themselves. However, there is a strong business rationale for protecting local resident employees through integrated vector control programs, as well as an ethical responsibility to care for these individuals and the affected communities. We discuss the role and challenges of the private sector in developing malaria control programs, which can include extensive collaborations with the public sector that go on to form the basis of national vector control programs or more broadly support local healthcare systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert T Jones
- Arthropod Control Product Test Centre, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy S Tusting
- Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hugh M P Smith
- Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Michael J Bangs
- lnternational SOS, Ltd., Timika, Papua Province, Indonesia.,International SOS, Ltd., Kolwesi, Lualaba Province, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - James G Logan
- Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Fornace KM, Diaz AV, Lines J, Drakeley CJ. Achieving global malaria eradication in changing landscapes. Malar J 2021; 20:69. [PMID: 33530995 PMCID: PMC7856737 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-021-03599-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Land use and land cover changes, such as deforestation, agricultural expansion and urbanization, are one of the largest anthropogenic environmental changes globally. Recent initiatives to evaluate the feasibility of malaria eradication have highlighted impacts of landscape changes on malaria transmission and the potential of these changes to undermine malaria control and elimination efforts. Multisectoral approaches are needed to detect and minimize negative impacts of land use and land cover changes on malaria transmission while supporting development aiding malaria control, elimination and ultimately eradication. Pathways through which land use and land cover changes disrupt social and ecological systems to increase or decrease malaria risks are outlined, identifying priorities and opportunities for a global malaria eradication campaign. The impacts of land use and land cover changes on malaria transmission are complex and highly context-specific, with effects changing over time and space. Landscape changes are only one element of a complex development process with wider economic and social dimensions affecting human health and wellbeing. While deforestation and other landscape changes threaten to undermine malaria control efforts and have driven the emergence of zoonotic malaria, most of the malaria elimination successes have been underpinned by agricultural development and land management. Malaria eradication is not feasible without addressing these changing risks while, conversely, consideration of malaria impacts in land management decisions has the potential to significantly accelerate progress towards eradication. Multisectoral cooperation and approaches to linking malaria control and environmental science, such as conducting locally relevant ecological monitoring, integrating landscape data into malaria surveillance systems and designing environmental management strategies to reduce malaria burdens, are essential to achieve malaria eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M Fornace
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK. .,Centre for Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
| | - Adriana V Diaz
- Pathology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK
| | - Jo Lines
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,Centre for Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Chris J Drakeley
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,Centre for Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Yan SD, Orkis J, Khan Sohail S, Wilson S, Davis T, Storey JD. Digging for care-seeking behaviour among gold miners in the Guyana hinterland: a qualitative doer non-doer analysis of social and behavioural motivations for malaria testing and treatment. Malar J 2020; 19:235. [PMID: 32631345 PMCID: PMC7336500 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-020-03289-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although Guyana has made significant progress toward malaria control, limited access to malaria testing and treatment services threatens those gains. Mining activities create breeding environments for mosquitoes, and the migrant and mobile mining populations are hard to reach with information and services. The Ministry of Public Health (MoPH) has trained volunteers to test and treat malaria cases in remote regions. However, it remains unclear how miners perceive these testers, the services they provide, or what their malaria care-seeking behaviour is in general. To better address these challenges, Breakthrough ACTION Guyana and MoPH conducted qualitative research from October to November 2018 in Regions 7 and 8 in Guyana. METHODS A total of 109 individuals, 70 miners, 17 other mining camp staff, and 22 other key stakeholders (e.g. community health workers, pharmacists, and regional leadership), participated in semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions. Results were derived using a framework analysis, with an adjusted doer and non-doer analysis, and organized using the integrated behaviour framework. RESULTS Miners sought MoPH-approved services because of close geographic proximity to testing services, a preference for public service treatment, and a desire to correctly diagnose and cure malaria rather than just treat its symptoms. Those who chose to initiate self-treatment-using unregulated medications from the private and informal sector-did so out of convenience and the belief that self-treatment had worked before. Miners who completed the full MoPH-approved treatment understood the need to complete the treatment, while those who prematurely stopped treatment did so because of medication side effects and a desire to feel better as soon as possible. CONCLUSION Reasons why miners do and do not pursue malaria testing and treatment services are diverse. These results can inform better MoPH programming and new solutions to improve malaria outcomes in Guyana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley D Yan
- Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs, 111 Market Place, Suite 310, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Jennifer Orkis
- Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs, 111 Market Place, Suite 310, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Saifra Khan Sohail
- Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs, 111 Market Place, Suite 310, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sean Wilson
- Breakthrough ACTION Guyana, XX Barrack St., Georgetown, Guyana
| | - TrishAnn Davis
- Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs, 111 Market Place, Suite 310, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Douglas Storey
- Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs, 111 Market Place, Suite 310, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Malaria in Gold Miners in the Guianas and the Amazon: Current Knowledge and Challenges. CURRENT TROPICAL MEDICINE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40475-020-00202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of Review
Following Paraguay and Argentina, several countries from the Amazon region aim to eliminate malaria. To achieve this, all key affected and vulnerable populations by malaria, including people working on gold mining sites, must be considered. What is the situation of malaria in these particular settings and what are the challenges? This literature review aims to compile knowledge to answer these questions.
Recent Findings
The contexts in which gold miners operate are very heterogeneous: size and localization of mines, links with crime, administrative status of the mines and of the miners, mobility of the workers or national regulations. The number of malaria cases has been correlated with deforestation (Brazil, Colombia), gold production (Colombia), gold prices (Guyana), or location of the mining region (Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana). The burden of malaria in gold mines differs between territories: significant in Guyana, French Guiana, or Venezuela; lower in Brazil. Although Plasmodiumvivax causes 75% of malaria cases in the Americas, P. falciparum is predominant in several gold mining regions, especially in the Guiana Shield. Because of the remoteness from health facilities, self-medication with under-the-counter antimalarials is frequent. This constitutes a significant risk for the emergence of new P. falciparum parasites resistant to antimalarial drugs.
Summary
Because of the workers’ mobility, addressing malaria transmission in gold mines is essential, not only for miners, but also to prevent the (re-)emergence of malaria. Strategies among these populations should be tailored to the context because of the heterogeneity of situations in different territories. The transnational environment favoring malaria transmission also requires transborder and regional cooperation, where innovative solutions should be considered and evaluated.
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Li F, Zhou M, Shao J, Qin Z. Evolution forms of land systems based on ascendency and overhead: A case study of Shaanxi Province, China. Ecol Modell 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2020.108960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Stakeholder engagement increases transparency, satisfaction, and civic action. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:24486-24491. [PMID: 31740595 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1908433116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the effectiveness of a Stakeholder Engagement (SE) intervention in improving outcomes for communities affected by oil and gas extraction in Western Uganda. The study design is a randomized controlled trial where villages are randomly assigned to a treatment group (participating in SE) or a control group (not participating). Data are collected via household surveys at baseline and end line in 107 villages in the Albertine Graben. We find that SE improves transparency, civic activity, and satisfaction with issues that most concern the people under study. While satisfaction has improved, it is too early to ascertain whether these interventions improve long-term outcomes. These results are robust when controlling for spillover effects and other subregional fixed effects.
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8
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Jones RT, Tusting LS, Smith HMP, Segbaya S, Macdonald MB, Bangs MJ, Logan JG. The impact of industrial activities on vector-borne disease transmission. Acta Trop 2018; 188:142-151. [PMID: 30165072 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Industrial activities have produced profound changes in the natural environment, including the mass removal of trees, fragmentation of habitats, and creation of larval mosquito breeding sites, that have allowed the vectors of disease pathogens to thrive. We conducted a review of the literature to assess the impact of industrial activities on vector-borne disease transmission. Our study shows that industrial activities may be coupled with significant changes to human demographics that can potentially increase contact between pathogens, vectors and hosts, and produce a shift of parasites and susceptible populations between low and high disease endemic areas. Indeed, where vector-borne diseases and industrial activities intersect, large numbers of potentially immunologically naïve people may be exposed to infection and lack the knowledge and means to protect themselves from infection. Such areas are typically associated with inadequate access to quality health care, thus allowing industrial development and production sites to become important foci of transmission. The altered local vector ecologies, and the changes in disease dynamics that changes affect, create challenges for under-resourced health care and vector-control systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert T Jones
- ARCTEC, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Lucy S Tusting
- Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hugh M P Smith
- ARCTEC, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Michael J Bangs
- International SOS, Ltd., Papua Province, Indonesia; International SOS, Ltd., Lualaba Province, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - James G Logan
- ARCTEC, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom
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Mercado CEG, Ekapirat N, Dondorp AM, Maude RJ. An assessment of national surveillance systems for malaria elimination in the Asia Pacific. Malar J 2017; 16:127. [PMID: 28327180 PMCID: PMC5361802 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-017-1774-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heads of Government from Asia and the Pacific have committed to a malaria-free region by 2030. In 2015, the total number of confirmed cases reported to the World Health Organization by 22 Asia Pacific countries was 2,461,025. However, this was likely a gross underestimate due in part to incidence data not being available from the wide variety of known sources. There is a recognized need for an accurate picture of malaria over time and space to support the goal of elimination. A survey was conducted to gain a deeper understanding of the collection of malaria incidence data for surveillance by National Malaria Control Programmes in 22 countries identified by the Asia Pacific Leaders Malaria Alliance. Methods In 2015–2016, a short questionnaire on malaria surveillance was distributed to 22 country National Malaria Control Programmes (NMCP) in the Asia Pacific. It collected country-specific information about the extent of inclusion of the range of possible sources of malaria incidence data and the role of the private sector in malaria treatment. The findings were used to produce recommendations for the regional heads of government on improving malaria surveillance to inform regional efforts towards malaria elimination. Results A survey response was received from all 22 target countries. Most of the malaria incidence data collected by NMCPs originated from government health facilities, while many did not collect comprehensive data from mobile and migrant populations, the private sector or the military. All data from village health workers were included by 10/20 countries and some by 5/20. Other sources of data included by some countries were plantations, police and other security forces, sentinel surveillance sites, research or academic institutions, private laboratories and other government ministries. Malaria was treated in private health facilities in 19/21 countries, while anti-malarials were available in private pharmacies in 16/21 and private shops in 6/21. Most countries use primarily paper-based reporting. Conclusions Most collected malaria incidence data in the Asia Pacific is from government health facilities while data from a wide variety of other known sources are often not included in national surveillance databases. In particular, there needs to be a concerted regional effort to support inclusion of data on mobile and migrant populations and the private sector. There should also be an emphasis on electronic reporting and data harmonization across organizations. This will provide a more accurate and up to date picture of the true burden and distribution of malaria and will be of great assistance in helping realize the goal of malaria elimination in the Asia Pacific by 2030.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Erwin G Mercado
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nattwut Ekapirat
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Arjen M Dondorp
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Richard J Maude
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. .,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. .,Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, USA.
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Human-environment interactions in population and ecosystem health. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:14502-14506. [PMID: 27956616 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1618138113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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