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Noh K, Cho WH, Lee BH, Kim DW, Kim YS, Park K, Hwang M, Barcelon E, Cho YK, Lee CJ, Yoon BE, Choi SY, Park HY, Jun SB, Lee SJ. Cortical astrocytes modulate dominance behavior in male mice by regulating synaptic excitatory and inhibitory balance. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:1541-1554. [PMID: 37563296 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01406-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Social hierarchy is established as an outcome of individual social behaviors, such as dominance behavior during long-term interactions with others. Astrocytes are implicated in optimizing the balance between excitatory and inhibitory (E/I) neuronal activity, which may influence social behavior. However, the contribution of astrocytes in the prefrontal cortex to dominance behavior is unclear. Here we show that dorsomedial prefrontal cortical (dmPFC) astrocytes modulate E/I balance and dominance behavior in adult male mice using in vivo fiber photometry and two-photon microscopy. Optogenetic and chemogenetic activation or inhibition of dmPFC astrocytes show that astrocytes bidirectionally control male mouse dominance behavior, affecting social rank. Dominant and subordinate male mice present distinct prefrontal synaptic E/I balance, regulated by astrocyte activity. Mechanistically, we show that dmPFC astrocytes control cortical E/I balance by simultaneously enhancing presynaptic-excitatory and reducing postsynaptic-inhibitory transmission via astrocyte-derived glutamate and ATP release, respectively. Our findings show how dmPFC astrocyte-neuron communication can be involved in the establishment of social hierarchy in adult male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungchul Noh
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Hyun Cho
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hun Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Wook Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Sung Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Keebum Park
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyu Hwang
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ellane Barcelon
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Kyung Cho
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C Justin Lee
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Eun Yoon
- Department of Molecular Biology, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Young Choi
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Yoon Park
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sang Beom Jun
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program in Smart Factory, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Joong Lee
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Wang Z, Yueh H, Chau M, Veenstra-VanderWeele J, O'Reilly KC. Circuits underlying social function and dysfunction. Autism Res 2023; 16:1268-1288. [PMID: 37458578 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Substantial advances have been made toward understanding the genetic and environmental risk factors for autism, a neurodevelopmental disorder with social impairment as a core feature. In combination with optogenetic and chemogenetic tools to manipulate neural circuits in vivo, it is now possible to use model systems to test how specific neural circuits underlie social function and dysfunction. Here, we review the literature that has identified circuits associated with social interest (sociability), social reward, social memory, dominance, and aggression, and we outline a preliminary roadmap of the neural circuits driving these social behaviors. We highlight the neural circuitry underlying each behavioral domain, as well as develop an interactive map of how these circuits overlap across domains. We find that some of the circuits underlying social behavior are general and are involved in the control of multiple behavioral aspects, whereas other circuits appear to be specialized for specific aspects of social behavior. Our overlapping circuit map therefore helps to delineate the circuits involved in the various domains of social behavior and to identify gaps in knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwen Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hannah Yueh
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mirabella Chau
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jeremy Veenstra-VanderWeele
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kally C O'Reilly
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
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3
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Weber EM, Zidar J, Ewaldsson B, Askevik K, Udén E, Svensk E, Törnqvist E. Aggression in Group-Housed Male Mice: A Systematic Review. Animals (Basel) 2022; 13:ani13010143. [PMID: 36611751 PMCID: PMC9817818 DOI: 10.3390/ani13010143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggression among group-housed male mice is a major animal welfare concern often observed at animal facilities. Studies designed to understand the causes of male mice aggression have used different methodological approaches and have been heterogeneous, using different strains, environmental enrichments, housing conditions, group formations and durations. By conducting a systematic literature review based on 198 observed conclusions from 90 articles, we showed that the methodological approach used to study aggression was relevant for the outcome and suggested that home cage observations were better when studying home cage aggression than tests provoking aggression outside the home cage. The study further revealed that aggression is a complex problem; one solution will not be appropriate for all animal facilities and all research projects. Recommendations were provided on promising tools to minimize aggression, based on the results, which included what type of environmental enrichments could be appropriate and which strains of male mice were less likely to be aggressive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin M. Weber
- Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 532 23 Skara, Sweden
| | - Josefina Zidar
- Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Birgit Ewaldsson
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, AstraZeneca, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Kaisa Askevik
- Swedish 3Rs Center, Swedish Board of Agriculture, 553 29 Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Eva Udén
- Swedish 3Rs Center, Swedish Board of Agriculture, 553 29 Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Emma Svensk
- Swedish 3Rs Center, Swedish Board of Agriculture, 553 29 Jönköping, Sweden
- Correspondence:
| | - Elin Törnqvist
- Swedish National Committee for the Protection of Animals Used for Scientific Purposes, Swedish Board of Agriculture, 553 29 Jönköping, Sweden
- Department of Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies, National Veterinary Institute (SVA), 751 89 Uppsala, Sweden
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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4
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Llorca A, Deogracias R. Origin, Development, and Synaptogenesis of Cortical Interneurons. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:929469. [PMID: 35833090 PMCID: PMC9272671 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.929469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian cerebral cortex represents one of the most recent and astonishing inventions of nature, responsible of a large diversity of functions that range from sensory processing to high-order cognitive abilities, such as logical reasoning or language. Decades of dedicated study have contributed to our current understanding of this structure, both at structural and functional levels. A key feature of the neocortex is its outstanding richness in cell diversity, composed by multiple types of long-range projecting neurons and locally connecting interneurons. In this review, we will describe the great diversity of interneurons that constitute local neocortical circuits and summarize the mechanisms underlying their development and their assembly into functional networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Llorca
- Visual Neuroscience Laboratory, Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburg, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Alfredo Llorca
| | - Ruben Deogracias
- Neuronal Circuits Formation and Brain Disorders Laboratory, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCyL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Ruben Deogracias
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5
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Wang T, Xu J, Xu Y, Xiao J, Bi N, Gu X, Wang HL. Gut microbiota shapes social dominance through modulating HDAC2 in the medial prefrontal cortex. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110478. [PMID: 35263606 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Social dominance is a ubiquitous phenomenon among social animals, including humans. To date, individual attributes leading to dominance (after a contest) remain largely elusive. Here, we report that socially dominant rats can be distinguished from subordinates based on their intestinal microbiota. When dysbiosis is induced, rats are predisposed to a subordinate state, while dysbiotic rats reclaim social dominance following microbiota transplantation. Winning hosts are characterized by core microbes, a majority of which are associated with butyrate production, and the sole colonization of Clostridium butyricum is sufficient to restore dominance. Regarding molecular aspects, a histone deacetylase, HDAC2, is responsive to microbial status and mediates competition outcome; however, this occurs only in a restricted population of cells in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Furthermore, HDAC2 acts by modulating synaptic activity in mPFC. Together, these findings uncover a link between commensals and host dominance, providing insight into the gut-brain mechanisms underlying dominance determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Wang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jinchun Xu
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yi Xu
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Jie Xiao
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Nanxi Bi
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xiaozhen Gu
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Hui-Li Wang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, China.
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6
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Postnatal Sox6 Regulates Synaptic Function of Cortical Parvalbumin-Expressing Neurons. J Neurosci 2021; 41:8876-8886. [PMID: 34503995 PMCID: PMC8549537 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0021-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortical parvalbumin-expressing (Pvalb+) neurons provide robust inhibition to neighboring pyramidal neurons, crucial for the proper functioning of cortical networks. This class of inhibitory neurons undergoes extensive synaptic formation and maturation during the first weeks after birth and continue to dynamically maintain their synaptic output throughout adulthood. While several transcription factors, such as Nkx2-1, Lhx6, and Sox6, are known to be necessary for the differentiation of progenitors into Pvalb+ neurons, which transcriptional programs underlie the postnatal maturation and maintenance of Pvalb+ neurons' innervation and synaptic function remains largely unknown. Because Sox6 is continuously expressed in Pvalb+ neurons until adulthood, we used conditional knock-out strategies to investigate its putative role in the postnatal maturation and synaptic function of cortical Pvalb+ neurons in mice of both sexes. We found that early postnatal loss of Sox6 in Pvalb+ neurons leads to failure of synaptic bouton growth, whereas later removal in mature Pvalb+ neurons in the adult causes shrinkage of already established synaptic boutons. Paired recordings between Pvalb+ neurons and pyramidal neurons revealed reduced release probability and increased failure rate of Pvalb+ neurons' synaptic output. Furthermore, Pvalb+ neurons lacking Sox6 display reduced expression of full-length tropomyosin-receptor kinase B (TrkB), a key modulator of GABAergic transmission. Once re-expressed in neurons lacking Sox6, TrkB was sufficient to rescue the morphologic synaptic phenotype. Finally, we showed that Sox6 mRNA levels were increased by motor training. Our data thus suggest a constitutive role for Sox6 in the maintenance of synaptic output from Pvalb+ neurons into adulthood. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Cortical parvalbumin-expressing (Pvalb+) inhibitory neurons provide robust inhibition to neighboring pyramidal neurons, crucial for the proper functioning of cortical networks. These inhibitory neurons undergo extensive synaptic formation and maturation during the first weeks after birth and continue to dynamically maintain their synaptic output throughout adulthood. However, it remains largely unknown which transcriptional programs underlie the postnatal maturation and maintenance of Pvalb+ neurons. Here, we show that the transcription factor Sox6 cell-autonomously regulates the synaptic maintenance and output of Pvalb+ neurons until adulthood, leaving unaffected other maturational features of this neuronal population.
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7
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Guyon N, Zacharias LR, van Lunteren JA, Immenschuh J, Fuzik J, Märtin A, Xuan Y, Zilberter M, Kim H, Meletis K, Lopes-Aguiar C, Carlén M. Adult trkB Signaling in Parvalbumin Interneurons is Essential to Prefrontal Network Dynamics. J Neurosci 2021; 41:3120-3141. [PMID: 33593856 PMCID: PMC8026352 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1848-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory interneurons expressing parvalbumin (PV) are central to cortical network dynamics, generation of γ oscillations, and cognition. Dysfunction of PV interneurons disrupts cortical information processing and cognitive behavior. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tyrosine receptor kinase B (trkB) signaling regulates the maturation of cortical PV interneurons but is also implicated in their adult multidimensional functions. Using a novel viral strategy for cell-type-specific and spatially restricted expression of a dominant-negative trkB (trkB.DN), we show that BDNF/trkB signaling is essential to the integrity and maintenance of prefrontal PV interneurons in adult male and female mice. Reduced BDNF/trkB signaling in PV interneurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) resulted in deficient PV inhibition and increased baseline local field potential (LFP) activity in a broad frequency band. The altered network activity was particularly pronounced during increased activation of the prefrontal network and was associated with changed dynamics of local excitatory neurons, as well as decreased modulation of the LFP, abnormalities that appeared to generalize across stimuli and brain states. In addition, our findings link reduced BDNF/trkB signaling in prefrontal PV interneurons to increased aggression. Together our investigations demonstrate that BDNF/trkB signaling in PV interneurons in the adult mPFC is essential to local network dynamics and cognitive behavior. Our data provide direct support for the suggested association between decreased trkB signaling, deficient PV inhibition, and altered prefrontal circuitry.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tyrosine receptor kinase B (trkB) signaling promotes the maturation of inhibitory parvalbumin (PV) interneurons, neurons central to local cortical dynamics, γ rhythms, and cognition. Here, we used a novel viral approach for reduced BDNF/trkB signaling in PV interneurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) to establish the role of BDNF/trkB signaling in adult prefrontal network activities. Reduced BDNF/trkB signaling caused pronounced morphologic alterations, reduced PV inhibition, and deficient prefrontal network dynamics. The altered network activity appeared to manifest across stimuli and brain states and was associated with aberrant local field potential (LFP) activities and increased aggression. The results demonstrate that adult BDNF/trkB signaling is essential to PV inhibition and prefrontal circuit function and directly links BDNF/trkB signaling to network integrity in the adult brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Guyon
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Leonardo Rakauskas Zacharias
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil
| | | | - Jana Immenschuh
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Janos Fuzik
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Antje Märtin
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Yang Xuan
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Misha Zilberter
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Hoseok Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | | | - Cleiton Lopes-Aguiar
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Marie Carlén
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge 14183, Sweden
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8
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Zhang Y, Kang Hyae R, Lee SH, Kim Y, Ma R, Jin C, Lim JE, Kim S, Kang Y, Kang H, Kim SY, Kwon SK, Choi SY, Han K. Enhanced Prefrontal Neuronal Activity and Social Dominance Behavior in Postnatal Forebrain Excitatory Neuron-Specific Cyfip2 Knock-Out Mice. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:574947. [PMID: 33192297 PMCID: PMC7658541 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.574947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytoplasmic fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1)-interacting protein 2 (CYFIP2) gene is associated with epilepsy, intellectual disability (ID), and developmental delay, suggesting its critical role in proper neuronal development and function. CYFIP2 is involved in regulating cellular actin dynamics and also interacts with RNA-binding proteins. However, the adult brain function of CYFIP2 remains unclear because investigations thus far are limited to Cyfip2 heterozygous (Cyfip2+/- ) mice owing to the perinatal lethality of Cyfip2-null mice. Therefore, we generated Cyfip2 conditional knock-out (cKO) mice with reduced CYFIP2 expression in postnatal forebrain excitatory neurons (CaMKIIα-Cre). We found that in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of adult Cyfip2 cKO mice, CYFIP2 expression was decreased in both layer 2/3 (L2/3) and layer 5 (L5) neurons, unlike the L5-specific CYFIP2 reduction observed in adult Cyfip2+/- mice. Nevertheless, filamentous actin (F-actin) levels were increased only in L5 of Cyfip2 cKO mPFC possibly because of a compensatory increase in CYFIP1, the other member of CYFIP family, in L2/3 neurons. Abnormal dendritic spines on basal, but not on apical, dendrites were consistently observed in L5 neurons of Cyfip2 cKO mPFC. Meanwhile, neuronal excitability and activity were enhanced in both L2/3 and L5 neurons of Cyfip2 cKO mPFC, suggesting that CYFIP2 functions of regulating F-actin and excitability/activity may be mediated through independent mechanisms. Unexpectedly, adult Cyfip2 cKO mice did not display locomotor hyperactivity or reduced anxiety observed in Cyfip2+/- mice. Instead, both exhibited enhanced social dominance accessed by the tube test. Together, these results provide additional insights into the functions of CYFIP2 in the adult brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhua Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Rim Kang Hyae
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Lee
- Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoonhee Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ruiying Ma
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chunmei Jin
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Lim
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seoyeon Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeju Kang
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyojin Kang
- Division of National Supercomputing, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Su Yeon Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.,Center for Functional Connectomics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Brain Science Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seok-Kyu Kwon
- Center for Functional Connectomics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Brain Science Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se-Young Choi
- Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kihoon Han
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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9
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Leopold AV, Verkhusha VV. Light control of RTK activity: from technology development to translational research. Chem Sci 2020; 11:10019-10034. [PMID: 33209247 PMCID: PMC7654314 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03570j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) by small molecule inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies is used to treat cancer. Conversely, activation of RTKs with their ligands, including growth factors and insulin, is used to treat diabetes and neurodegeneration. However, conventional therapies that rely on injection of RTK inhibitors or activators do not provide spatiotemporal control over RTK signaling, which results in diminished efficiency and side effects. Recently, a number of optogenetic and optochemical approaches have been developed that allow RTK inhibition or activation in cells and in vivo with light. Light irradiation can control RTK signaling non-invasively, in a dosed manner, with high spatio-temporal precision, and without the side effects of conventional treatments. Here we provide an update on the current state of the art of optogenetic and optochemical RTK technologies and the prospects of their use in translational studies and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna V Leopold
- Medicum , Faculty of Medicine , University of Helsinki , Helsinki 00290 , Finland
| | - Vladislav V Verkhusha
- Medicum , Faculty of Medicine , University of Helsinki , Helsinki 00290 , Finland
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology and Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center , Albert Einstein College of Medicine , Bronx , NY 10461 , USA .
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10
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Turovskaya MV, Gaidin SG, Vedunova MV, Babaev AA, Turovsky EA. BDNF Overexpression Enhances the Preconditioning Effect of Brief Episodes of Hypoxia, Promoting Survival of GABAergic Neurons. Neurosci Bull 2020; 36:733-760. [PMID: 32219700 PMCID: PMC7340710 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-020-00480-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia causes depression of synaptic plasticity, hyperexcitation of neuronal networks, and the death of specific populations of neurons. However, brief episodes of hypoxia can promote the adaptation of cells. Hypoxic preconditioning is well manifested in glutamatergic neurons, while this adaptive mechanism is virtually suppressed in GABAergic neurons. Here, we show that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) overexpression in neurons enhances the preconditioning effect of brief episodes of hypoxia. The amplitudes of the NMDAR- and AMPAR-mediated Ca2+ responses of glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons gradually decreased after repetitive brief hypoxia/reoxygenation cycles in cell cultures transduced with the (AAV)-Syn-BDNF-EGFP virus construct. In contrast, the amplitudes of the responses of GABAergic neurons increased in non-transduced cultures after preconditioning. The decrease of the amplitudes in GABAergic neurons indicated the activation of mechanisms of hypoxic preconditioning. Preconditioning suppressed apoptotic or necrotic cell death. This effect was most pronounced in cultures with BDNF overexpression. Knockdown of BDNF abolished the effect of preconditioning and promoted the death of GABAergic neurons. Moreover, the expression of the anti-apoptotic genes Stat3, Socs3, and Bcl-xl substantially increased 24 h after hypoxic episodes in the transduced cultures compared to controls. The expression of genes encoding the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-6 also increased. In turn, the expression of pro-apoptotic (Bax, Casp-3, and Fas) and pro-inflammatory (IL-1β and TNFα) genes decreased after hypoxic episodes in cultures with BDNF overexpression. Inhibition of vesicular BDNF release abolished its protective action targeting inhibition of the oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced [Ca2+]i increase in GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons, thus promoting their death. Bafilomycin A1, Brefeldin A, and tetanus toxin suppressed vesicular release (including BDNF) and shifted the gene expression profile towards excitotoxicity, inflammation, and apoptosis. These inhibitors of vesicular release abolished the protective effects of hypoxic preconditioning in glutamatergic neurons 24 h after hypoxia/reoxygenation cycles. This finding indicates a significant contribution of vesicular BDNF release to the development of the mechanisms of hypoxic preconditioning. Thus, our results demonstrate that BDNF plays a pivotal role in the activation and enhancement of the preconditioning effect of brief episodes of hypoxia and promotes tolerance of the most vulnerable populations of GABAergic neurons to hypoxia/ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Turovskaya
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center "Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Pushchino, Russia
| | - S G Gaidin
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center "Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Pushchino, Russia
| | - M V Vedunova
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - A A Babaev
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - E A Turovsky
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center "Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Pushchino, Russia.
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Koyama E, Zai CC, Bryushkova L, Kennedy JL, Beitchman JH. Predicting risk of suicidal ideation in youth using a multigene panel for impulsive aggression. Psychiatry Res 2020; 285:112726. [PMID: 31870620 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Childhood traumatic experiences and impulsive aggression are strong predictors of suicide ideation in youth. This study examines whether a gene panel previously associated with impulsive aggression, together with a measure of traumatic experience, will predict suicidal ideation in youth. The sample consisted of 158 youth (ages 9-17 years) of European ancestry that participated in a case-control study for childhood aggression. The Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument (MAYSI-2) was used to examine suicide ideation and traumatic experiences. The impulsive aggression gene panel consists of 5 markers across 5 susceptibility genes (CRH, CRHR2, MC2R, OXTR, BDNF). A multi-gene risk score (MRS) for each individual was calculated by taking the total number of risk genotypes for that person. The covariates for the multiple regression model included sex, age, symptoms of anxiety/depression, MRS, traumatic experiences, and MRS x traumatic experience interaction. Results show the MRS x traumatic experience interaction term and the anxious/depressed symptoms to be significant predictors of suicide ideation in the full model. Importantly, genetic susceptibility to impulsive aggression and traumatic experiences remained a significant predictor for suicide ideation over and above the youth's level of anxiety and depression. This finding may have important implications for early intervention for youth suicide-related behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Koyama
- Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child, Youth and Family Mental Health, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 80 Workman Way Room 5218, Toronto, Ontario M6J 1H4, Canada
| | - Clement C Zai
- Molecular Brain Science Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lyubov Bryushkova
- Postgraduate Medical Education, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James L Kennedy
- Molecular Brain Science Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joseph H Beitchman
- Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child, Youth and Family Mental Health, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 80 Workman Way Room 5218, Toronto, Ontario M6J 1H4, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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12
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Ma M, Xiong W, Hu F, Deng MF, Huang X, Chen JG, Man HY, Lu Y, Liu D, Zhu LQ. A novel pathway regulates social hierarchy via lncRNA AtLAS and postsynaptic synapsin IIb. Cell Res 2020; 30:105-118. [PMID: 31959917 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-020-0273-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dominance hierarchy is a fundamental phenomenon in grouped animals and human beings, however, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we report that an antisense long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) of synapsin II, named as AtLAS, plays a crucial role in the regulation of social hierarchy. AtLAS is decreased in the prefrontal cortical excitatory pyramidal neurons of dominant mice; consistently, silencing or overexpression of AtLAS increases or decreases the social rank, respectively. Mechanistically, we show that AtLAS regulates alternative polyadenylation of synapsin II gene and increases synapsin 2b (syn2b) expression. Syn2b reduces AMPA receptor (AMPAR)-mediated excitatory synaptic transmission through a direct binding with AMPAR at the postsynaptic site via its unique C-terminal sequence. Moreover, a peptide disrupting the binding of syn2b with AMPARs enhances the synaptic strength and social ranks. These findings reveal a novel role for lncRNA AtLAS and its target syn2b in the regulation of social behaviors by controlling postsynaptic AMPAR trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Ma
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Wan Xiong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Fan Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Man-Fei Deng
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Xian Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Jian-Guo Chen
- The Institute of Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Heng-Ye Man
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Youming Lu
- The Institute of Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. .,The Institute of Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
| | - Ling-Qiang Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. .,The Institute of Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
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13
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Hong J, Heo WD. Optogenetic Modulation of TrkB Signaling in the Mouse Brain. J Mol Biol 2020; 432:815-827. [PMID: 31962123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2020.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Optogenetic activation of receptors has advantages compared with chemical or ligand treatment because of its high spatial and temporal precision. Especially in the brain, the use of a genetically encoded light-tunable receptor is superior to direct infusion or systemic drug treatment. We applied light-activatable TrkB receptors in the mouse brain with reduced basal activity by incorporating Cry2PHR mutant, Opto-cytTrkB(E281A). Upon AAV mediated gene delivery, this form was expressed at sufficient levels in the mouse hippocampus (HPC) and medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) retaining normal canonical signal transduction by the blue light stimulus, even by delivery of noninvasive LED light on the mouse head. Within target cells, where its expression was driven by a cell type-specific promoter, Opto-cytTrkB(E281A)-mediated TrkB signaling could be controlled by adjusting light-stimulating conditions. We further demonstrated that Opto-cytTrkB(E281A) could locally induce TrkB signaling in axon terminals in the MEC-HPC. In summary, Opto-cytTrkB(E281A) will be useful for elucidating time- and region-specific roles of TrkB signaling ranging from cellular function to neural circuit mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongryul Hong
- Department of Biological Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Do Heo
- Department of Biological Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea; Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea; KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, KAIST, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Pandora's Box. BJPsych Int 2019; 16:23-25. [PMID: 30747168 PMCID: PMC6357524 DOI: 10.1192/bji.2018.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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