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Saadh MJ, Ehymayed HM, Alazzawi TS, Fahdil AA, Athab ZH, Yarmukhamedov B, Al-Anbari HHA, Shallal MM, Alsaikhan F, Farhood B. Role of circRNAs in regulating cell death in cancer: a comprehensive review. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01492-6. [PMID: 39243349 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01492-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Despite multiple diagnostic and therapeutic advances, including surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, cancer preserved its spot as a global health concern. Prompt cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis depend on the discovery of new biomarkers and therapeutic strategies. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are considered as a stable, conserved, abundant, and varied group of RNA molecules that perform multiple roles such as gene regulation. There is evidence that circRNAs interact with RNA-binding proteins, especially capturing miRNAs. An extensive amount of research has presented the substantial contribution of circRNAs in various types of cancer. To fully understand the linkage between circRNAs and cancer growth as a consequence of various cell death processes, including autophagy, ferroptosis, and apoptosis, more research is necessary. The expression of circRNAs could be controlled to limit the occurrence and growth of cancer, providing a more encouraging method of cancer treatment. Consequently, it is critical to understand how circRNAs affect various forms of cancer cell death and evaluate whether circRNAs could be used as targets to induce tumor death and increase the efficacy of chemotherapy. The current study aims to review and comprehend the effects that circular RNAs exert on cell apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis in cancer to investigate potential cancer treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman, 11831, Jordan
| | | | - Tuqa S Alazzawi
- College of dentist, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Ali A Fahdil
- Medical technical college, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Zainab H Athab
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zahrawi University College, Karbala, Iraq
| | - Bekhzod Yarmukhamedov
- Department of Surgical Dentistry and Dental Implantology, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
- Department of Scientific affairs, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | | | | | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
- School of Pharmacy, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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2
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Hillier J, Zhao Y, Carrique L, Malinauskas T, Ruza RR, Chang TH, Yi G, Duyvesteyn HME, Yu J, Lu W, Pardon E, Steyaert J, Zhu Y, Ni T, Jones EY. Structural insights into Frizzled3 through nanobody modulators. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7228. [PMID: 39174501 PMCID: PMC11341715 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51451-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The Wnt receptor Frizzled3 (FZD3) is important for brain axonal development and cancer progression. We report structures of FZD3 in complex with extracellular and intracellular binding nanobodies (Nb). The crystal structure of Nb8 in complex with the FZD3 cysteine-rich domain (CRD) reveals that the nanobody binds at the base of the lipid-binding groove and can compete with Wnt5a. Nb8 fused with the Dickkopf-1 C-terminal domain behaves as a FZD3-specific Wnt surrogate, activating β-catenin signalling. The cryo-EM structure of FZD3 in complex with Nb9 reveals partially resolved density for the CRD, which exhibits positional flexibility, and a transmembrane conformation that resembles active GPCRs. Nb9 binds to the cytoplasmic region of FZD3 at the putative Dishevelled (DVL) or G protein-binding site, competes with DVL binding, and inhibits GαS coupling. In combination, our FZD3 structures with nanobody modulators map extracellular and intracellular interaction surfaces of functional, and potentially therapeutic, relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Hillier
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yuguang Zhao
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Loic Carrique
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tomas Malinauskas
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Reinis R Ruza
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tao-Hsin Chang
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gangshun Yi
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Helen M E Duyvesteyn
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jing Yu
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Weixian Lu
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Els Pardon
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, VUB, Brussels, Belgium
- VIB-VUB Centre for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jan Steyaert
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, VUB, Brussels, Belgium
- VIB-VUB Centre for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yanan Zhu
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tao Ni
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - E Yvonne Jones
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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3
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Liu HY, Sun XJ, Xiu SY, Zhang XY, Wang ZQ, Gu YL, Yi CX, Liu JY, Dai YS, Yuan X, Liao HP, Liu ZM, Pang XC, Li TC. Frizzled receptors (FZDs) in Wnt signaling: potential therapeutic targets for human cancers. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:1556-1570. [PMID: 38632318 PMCID: PMC11272778 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01270-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Frizzled receptors (FZDs) are key contributors intrinsic to the Wnt signaling pathway, activation of FZDs triggering the Wnt signaling cascade is frequently observed in human tumors and intimately associated with an aggressive carcinoma phenotype. It has been shown that the abnormal expression of FZD receptors contributes to the manifestation of malignant characteristics in human tumors such as enhanced cell proliferation, metastasis, chemotherapy resistance as well as the acquisition of cancer stemness. Given the essential roles of FZD receptors in the Wnt signaling in human tumors, this review aims to consolidate the prevailing knowledge on the specific status of FZD receptors (FZD1-10) and elucidate their respective functions in tumor progression. Furthermore, we delineate the structural basis for binding of FZD and its co-receptors to Wnt, and provide a better theoretical foundation for subsequent studies on related mechanisms. Finally, we describe the existing biological classes of small molecule-based FZD inhibitors in detail in the hope that they can provide useful assistance for design and development of novel drug candidates targeted FZDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yu Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Xiao-Jiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Si-Yu Xiu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhi-Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yan-Lun Gu
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Chu-Xiao Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jun-Yan Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Yu-Song Dai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Xia Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hua-Peng Liao
- Yizhang County People's Hospital, Chenzhou, 424200, China
| | - Zhen-Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Xiao-Cong Pang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.
| | - Tian-Cheng Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100034, China.
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Zhi Y, Du P, Li Y, Liu H, Jiang T, Zhao X, Li X. SOX21-AS1 Augmented Cervical Cancer Growth by Triggering FZD3 to Activate the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10770-0. [PMID: 38512584 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10770-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) SOX21-AS1 has been reported that it plays an important role in biological processes of several cancers. However, how it functions in cervical cancer (CC) still remain unclear. This investigation seeks to explore the impact of SOX21-AS1 on CC cell proliferation, invasion and migration and its association to the FZD3 and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. SOX21-AS1 expression levels were detected using real-time quantitative PCR in 20 cases of cervical cancer together with its adjacent tissues and several cervical cancer cell lines. Transgenic technology and functional experiments were conducted to confirm the carcinogenic properties of SOX21-AS1, and western blot was utilized to analyze the regulatory network composed of SOX21-AS1, FZD3 and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in CC. Through bioinformatics analysis, we found that the expression of SOX21-AS1 in CC was the highest among 16 kinds of tumor tissues. Moreover, clinical specimens confirmed that both CC tissues and cell lines possessed elevated SOX21-AS1 expressions (P < 0.01). CC cells which stably expressed upregulated SOX21-AS1 were noted to possesses higher rates of metastasis, invasion and proliferation, lower apoptotic rates and higher expression of FZD3,β-catenin and c-myc (P < 0.01). Conversely, the use of small interfering RNA to inhibit the expression of SOX21-AS1 yielded the opposite results (P < 0.01). SOX21-AS1 functions as an oncogenic LncRNA which enhances CC cell metastasis, invasion and proliferation through FZD3 upregulation via Wnt/β-catenin-signaling pathway activation. This LncRNA may represent an important biomarker for CC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Zhi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Front Kangfu Street, Er'qi District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Peipei Du
- Department of Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 636 Guanlin Road, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471032, China
| | - Ya Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Front Kangfu Street, Er'qi District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Front Kangfu Street, Er'qi District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 636 Guanlin Road, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471032, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Front Kangfu Street, Er'qi District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Xiaofu Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Front Kangfu Street, Er'qi District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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5
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Karamad V, Sogutlu F, Ozkaya FC, Shademan B, Ebrahim W, El-Neketi M, Avci CB. Investigation of iso-propylchaetominine anticancer activity on apoptosis, cell cycle and Wnt signaling pathway in different cancer models. Fitoterapia 2024; 173:105789. [PMID: 38158162 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the Wnt signaling pathway contributes to the development of many cancer types. Natural compounds produced with biotechnological systems have been the focus of research for being a new drug candidate both with unlimited resources and cost-effective production. In this study, it was aimed to reveal the effects of isopropylchaetominine on cytotoxic, cytostatic, apoptotic and Wnt signaling pathways in brain, pancreatic and prostate cancer. The IC50 values of isopropylchaetominine in U-87 MG, PANC1, PC3 and LNCaP cells were calculated as 91.94 μM, 41.68 μM, 54.54 μM and 7.86 μM in 72nd h, respectively. The metabolite arrests the cell cycle in G0/G1 phase in each cancer cells. Iso-propylchaetominine induced a 4.3-fold and 1.9-fold increase in apoptosis in PC3 and PANC1 cells, respectively. The toxicity of isopropylchaetominine in healthy fibroblast cells was assessed using the annexin V method, and no significant apoptotic activity was observed between the groups treated with the active substance and untreated. In U-87 MG, PANC1, PC3, and LNCaP cells under treatment with isopropylchaetominin, the expression levels of DKK3, TLE1, AES, DKK1, FRZB, DAB2, AXIN1/2, PPARD, SFRP4, APC and SOX17 tumor suppressor genes increased significantly. Decreases in expression of Wnt1, Wnt2, Wnt3, Wnt4, Wnt5, Wnt6, Wnt10, Wnt11, FRZ2, FRZ3, FRZ7, TCF7L1, BCL9, PYGO, CCND2, c-MYC, WISP1 and CTNNB1 oncogenic genes were detected. All these result shows that isopropylchaetominine can present promising new treatment strategy in different cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahidreza Karamad
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir 35100, Turkey
| | - Fatma Sogutlu
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir 35100, Turkey
| | - Ferhat Can Ozkaya
- Aliaga Industrial Zone Technology Transfer Office, Aliaga, İzmir 35800, Turkey
| | - Behrouz Shademan
- Stem cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran
| | - Weaam Ebrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mona El-Neketi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Cigir Biray Avci
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir 35100, Turkey.
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6
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Filipp FV. Spatial Cancer Systems Biology Resolves Heterotypic Interactions and Identifies Disruption of Spatial Hierarchy as a Pathological Driver Event. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:1342-1347. [PMID: 37455062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian V Filipp
- Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany; School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University München, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 3, Freising, Germany; Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University München, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 3, Freising, Germany; Metaflux, San Diego, California, USA.
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7
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Kenneth MJ, Shishir TA, Haque FKM. In silico analysis reveals mir-98-5p as a potential inhibitor of tumor cell proliferation and metastasis in colorectal cancer by targeting the fzd3 receptor of the Wnt signaling pathway. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2023; 21:79. [PMID: 37466730 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-023-00532-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer type and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. However, the existing treatment, as well as prognosis strategies for CRC patients, need to be improved in order to increase the chance of survival. Targeted therapies of CRC, as opposed to ordinary therapies, target key biological features and pathways of cancerous cells hence minimizing the subsequent damage to normal cells. MicroRNAs have been reported to play a crucial role in inhibiting and/or suppressing major pathways in various cancer types by targeting transcripts of key genes in such pathways. METHODS The purpose of this study was to analyze in silico the differentially expressed genes from five microarray datasets of patients with CRC. Furthermore, miRNAs were investigated to inhibit cancer cell proliferation and metastasis by targeting a key gene-frizzled receptor 3 (FZD3) in the Wnt signaling pathway. RESULTS The Wnt pathway receptor FZD3 is upregulated in CRC along with other pathway genes, which play a critical role in tumorigenesis. In contrast, miR-98-5p inhibits the activity of FZD3 by binding directly to the 3'UTR of its mRNA, therefore exerting a suppressor effect on colorectal tumors. CONCLUSION The study reveals miR-98-5p as a novel target of FZD3 and an inhibitor of the Wnt signaling pathway hence being a potential candidate for developing targeted therapies against CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutebi John Kenneth
- Biotechnology Program, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, BRAC University, Mohakhali, 1212, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tushar Ahmed Shishir
- Biotechnology Program, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, BRAC University, Mohakhali, 1212, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Fahim Kabir Monjurul Haque
- Microbiology Program, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, BRAC University, Mohakhali, 1212, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
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8
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Di Fazio A, Gullerova M. An old friend with a new face: tRNA-derived small RNAs with big regulatory potential in cancer biology. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:1625-1635. [PMID: 36759729 PMCID: PMC10133234 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02191-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) essential for protein translation. Emerging evidence suggests that tRNAs can also be processed into smaller fragments, tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), a novel class of sncRNAs with powerful applications and high biological relevance to cancer. tsRNAs biogenesis is heterogeneous and involves different ribonucleases, such as Angiogenin and Dicer. For many years, tsRNAs were thought to be just degradation products. However, accumulating evidence shows their roles in gene expression: either directly via destabilising the mRNA or the ribosomal machinery, or indirectly via regulating the expression of ribosomal components. Furthermore, tsRNAs participate in various biological processes linked to cancer, including apoptosis, cell cycle, immune response, and retroviral insertion into the human genome. It is emerging that tsRNAs have significant therapeutic potential. Endogenous tsRNAs can be used as cancer biomarkers, while synthetic tsRNAs and antisense oligonucleotides can be employed to regulate gene expression. In this review, we are recapitulating the regulatory roles of tsRNAs, with a focus on cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Di Fazio
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Monika Gullerova
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK.
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9
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Dong B, Simonson L, Vold S, Oldham E, Barten L, Ahmad N, Chang H. FZD6 Promotes Melanoma Cell Invasion but Not Proliferation by Regulating Canonical Wnt Signaling and Epithelial‒Mesenchymal Transition. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:621-629.e6. [PMID: 36368445 PMCID: PMC10292634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.09.658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
FZD6 is a key gene that controls tissue polarity during development. Increasing evidence suggests that it also plays active roles in various cancers. In this study, we show that FZD6 is overexpressed in multiple melanoma cell lines and human samples. Knockdown or knockout of FZD6 does not affect cell proliferation but significantly reduces the invasive ability of melanoma cells. In addition, we have found that knockout of Fzd6 dramatically reduces lung metastasis in the Pten/BRaf mouse model of melanoma. Mechanistic studies in vitro and in vivo reveal a surprising involvement of canonical Wnt signaling and epithelial‒mesenchymal pathway in the FZD6-mediated invasive phenotype. Together, our study supports a promoter role of FZD6 in melanoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Dong
- Department of Dermatology, The School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Program in Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Laura Simonson
- Department of Dermatology, The School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Samantha Vold
- Department of Dermatology, The School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ethan Oldham
- Department of Dermatology, The School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Lillian Barten
- Department of Dermatology, The School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Nihal Ahmad
- Department of Dermatology, The School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Hao Chang
- Department of Dermatology, The School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Program in Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
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10
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Filipp FV. Spatial cancer systems biology resolves heterotypic interactions and identifies disruption of spatial hierarchy as a pathological driver event. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.01.530706. [PMID: 36993709 PMCID: PMC10054974 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.01.530706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Spatially annotated single-cell datasets provide unprecedented opportunities to dissect cell-cell communication in development and disease. Heterotypic signaling includes interactions between different cell types and is well established in tissue development and spatial organization. Epithelial organization requires several different programs that are tightly regulated. Planar cell polarity (PCP) is the organization of epithelial cells along the planar axis, orthogonal to the apical-basal axis. Here, we investigate PCP factors and explore the implications of developmental regulators as malignant drivers. Utilizing cancer systems biology analysis, we derive a gene expression network for WNT-ligands (WNT) and their cognate frizzled (FZD) receptors in skin cutaneous melanoma. The profiles supported by unsupervised clustering of multiple-sequence alignments identify ligand-independent signaling and implications for metastatic progression based on the underpinning developmental spatial program. Omics studies and spatial biology connect developmental programs with oncological events and explain key spatial features of metastatic aggressiveness. Dysregulation of prominent PCP factors such as specific representatives of the WNT and FZD families in malignant melanoma recapitulates the development program of normal melanocytes but in an uncontrolled and disorganized fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian V. Filipp
- Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 München, Germany
- School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University München, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 3, D-85354 Freising, Germany
- Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University München, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 3, D-85354 Freising, Germany
- Metaflux, San Diego, CA, 92105, United States of America
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11
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Filipp FV. Spatial cancer systems biology resolves heterotypic interactions and identifies disruption of spatial hierarchy as a pathological driver event. ARXIV 2023:2303.00933. [PMID: 36911273 PMCID: PMC10002759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Spatially annotated single-cell datasets provide unprecedented opportunities to dissect cell-cell communication in development and disease. Heterotypic signaling includes interactions between different cell types and is well established in tissue development and spatial organization. Epithelial organization requires several different programs that are tightly regulated. Planar cell polarity is the organization of epithelial cells along the planar axis orthogonal to the apical-basal axis. In this study, we investigate planar cell polarity factors and explore the implications of developmental regulators as malignant drivers. Utilizing cancer systems biology analysis, we derive gene expression network for WNT-ligands (WNT) and their cognate frizzled (FZD) receptors in skin cutaneous melanoma. The profiles supported by unsupervised clustering of multiple-sequence alignments identify ligand-independent signaling and implications for metastatic progression based on the underpinning developmental spatial program. Omics studies and spatial biology connect developmental programs with oncological events and explain key spatial features of metastatic aggressiveness. Dysregulation of prominent planar cell polarity factors such specific representative of the WNT and FZD families in malignant melanoma recapitulates the development program of normal melanocytes but in an uncontrolled and disorganized fashion.
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12
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Meng Y, Cao J, Li Y, Duan S, Zhou Z, Li J, Ousmane D, Ou C, Wang J. Emerging role of ferroptosis-related circular RNA in tumor metastasis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1168458. [PMID: 37168995 PMCID: PMC10164976 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1168458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is an important factor that contributes to the poor prognosis of patients with tumors. Therefore, to solve this problem, research on the mechanism of metastasis is essential. Ferroptosis, a new mode of cell death, is characterized by membrane damage due to lipid peroxidation caused by iron overload. Many studies have shown that excessive ferroptosis can affect tumor metastasis and thus inhibit tumor progression. Recently, circular RNA (circRNA), a type of non-coding RNA, has been shown to be associated with the progression of ferroptosis, thus influencing tumor development. However, the specific mechanisms by which circRNAs affect the progression of ferroptosis and their roles in tumor metastasis are not known. In this review, we systematically discuss the role of circRNAs in regulating tumor ferroptosis and their mechanism of action through sponging miRNAS in various tumors, thereby impacting metastasis. This review helps elucidate the relationship and role of ferroptosis-related circRNAs in tumor metastasis and may provide future researchers with new ideas and directions for targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Meng
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, Ultrapathology (Biomedical Electron Microscopy) Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jingdong Cao
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, Ultrapathology (Biomedical Electron Microscopy) Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yidan Li
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, Ultrapathology (Biomedical Electron Microscopy) Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Saili Duan
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, Ultrapathology (Biomedical Electron Microscopy) Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zongjiang Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinghe Li
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Diabate Ousmane
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunlin Ou
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Junpu Wang, ; Chunlin Ou,
| | - Junpu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, Ultrapathology (Biomedical Electron Microscopy) Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Junpu Wang, ; Chunlin Ou,
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Umar SA, Dong B, Nihal M, Chang H. Frizzled receptors in melanomagenesis: From molecular interactions to target identification. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1096134. [PMID: 36620565 PMCID: PMC9816865 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1096134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Frizzled (FZD) proteins are receptors for the WNT family ligands. Inherited human diseases and genetic experiments using knockout mice have revealed a central role of FZDs in multiple aspects of embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. Misregulated FZD signaling has also been found in many cancers. Recent studies on three out of the ten mammalian FZDs in melanoma have shown that they promote tumor cell proliferation and invasion, via the activation of the canonical WNT/β-catenin or non-canonical PCP signaling pathway. In this concise review, we summarize our current knowledge of individual FZDs in melanoma, discuss the involvement of both the canonical and non-canonical pathways, and describe ongoing efforts to target the FZD receptors for melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh A. Umar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Bo Dong
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Minakshi Nihal
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Hao Chang
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, United States,*Correspondence: Hao Chang,
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Tong T, Qin X, Jiang Y, Guo H, Wang X, Li Y, Xie F, Lu H, Zhai P, Ma H, Zhang J. A novel CREB5/TOP1MT axis confers cisplatin resistance through inhibiting mitochondrial apoptosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Med 2022; 20:231. [PMID: 35773668 PMCID: PMC9248137 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02409-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin resistance is one of the main causes of treatment failure and death in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). A more comprehensive understanding of the cisplatin resistance mechanism and the development of effective treatment strategies are urgent. METHODS RNA sequencing, RT-PCR, and immunoblotting were used to identify differentially expressed genes associated with cisplatin resistance. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments were performed to detect the effect of CREB5 on cisplatin resistance and mitochondrial apoptosis in HNSCC. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, dual-luciferase reporter assay, and immunoblotting experiments were performed to explore the underlying mechanisms of CREB5. RESULTS CREB5 was significantly upregulated in cisplatin-resistant HNSCC (CR-HNSCC) patients, which was correlated with poor prognosis. CREB5 overexpression strikingly facilitated the cisplatin resistance of HNSCC cells in vitro and in vivo, while CREB5 knockdown enhanced cisplatin sensitivity in CR-HNSCC cells. Interestingly, the activation of AKT signaling induced by cisplatin promoted nucleus translocation of CREB5 in CR-HNSCC cells. Furthermore, CREB5 transcriptionally activated TOP1MT expression depending on the canonical motif. Moreover, CREB5 silencing could trigger mitochondrial apoptosis and overcome cisplatin resistance in CR-HNSCC cells, which could be reversed by TOP1MT overexpression. Additionally, double-targeting of CREB5 and TOP1MT could combat cisplatin resistance of HNSCC in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal a novel CREB5/TOP1MT axis conferring cisplatin resistance in HNSCC, which provides a new basis to develop effective strategies for overcoming cisplatin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Tong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, No. 639, Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Qin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, No. 639, Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Jiang
- Department of Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology Center for Microbiota & Immune Related Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Xie
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, No. 639, Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Lu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, No. 639, Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Peisong Zhai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, No. 639, Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailong Ma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, No. 639, Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, No. 639, Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Huang Y, Wei L, Huang Y, Wen S, Liu T, Duan X, Wang Y, Zhang H, Fan B, Hu B. Identification of distinct genomic features reveals frequent somatic AHNAK and PTEN mutations predominantly in primary malignant melanoma presenting in the ureter. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2022; 52:930-943. [PMID: 35578896 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyac061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary malignant melanoma of the ureter is extremely rare. Genetic variants to the increased risk of developing the disease have not yet been investigated. METHODS Tumour mutation profiling for primary malignant melanoma of the ureter was performed by whole-exome sequencing. Immunohistochemistry was performed to verify histopathological features and the variants of predisposing genes and driver mutation genes. Furthermore, we conducted a literature review and Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Result-based study by searching public databases. RESULTS We identified 38 somatic single nucleotide variants and 9 somatic insertions and deletions (INDELs) in tumour specimens. After filtering with the Cancer Gene Census database, seven predisposing genes and two driver mutation genes were identified. Moreover, the immunohistochemical profile showed that tumour cells were positive for Melan-A, melanoma gp100 human melanoma black 45 (HMB45), S100 beta and P53. The expression levels of two driver mutation genes (phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and desmoyokin (AHNAK) and five predisposing genes (AT-rich interaction domain 1B (ARID1B), catalase, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 3 (EIF4G3), ANK3 and collagen type I) were significantly downregulated in tumour tissues compared to paracancerous tissues. In the literature review and Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results-based study, patients with primary malignant melanoma of the urinary tract had worse clinical outcomes than patients with primary urothelial carcinoma after 1:2 propensity score matching (P = 0.010). Additionally, Cox multivariate analysis for patients with primary malignant melanoma of the urinary tract indicated that distant metastasis (hazard ratio = 1.185; P = 0.044) was an independent predictor for overall survival, and tumour focality (hazard ratio = 0.602; P = 0.017) and non-surgery (hazard ratio = 0.434; P = 0.003) were independent factors for tumour progression. CONCLUSIONS Our study is the first to provide evidence that the distinct phenotypes of primary malignant melanoma of the ureter may be due to different genetic variations. The prognosis of primary malignant melanoma of the urinary tract was poorer than that of primary urothelial carcinoma of the urinary tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- Department of Urology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Lai Wei
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan Province Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanbin Huang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuang Wen
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Friendship Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Tianqing Liu
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Friendship Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xu Duan
- First Clinical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yutong Wang
- First Clinical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Hongshuo Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Bo Fan
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Urology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Liu S, Chen H, Ouyang J, Huang M, Zhang H, Zheng S, Xi S, Tang H, Gao Y, Xiong Y, Cheng D, Chen K, Liu B, Li W, Ren J, Yan X, Mao H. A high-quality assembly reveals genomic characteristics, phylogenetic status, and causal genes for leucism plumage of Indian peafowl. Gigascience 2022; 11:giac018. [PMID: 35383847 PMCID: PMC8985102 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giac018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dazzling phenotypic characteristics of male Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus) are attractive both to the female of the species and to humans. However, little is known about the evolution of the phenotype and phylogeny of these birds at the whole-genome level. So far, there are no reports regarding the genetic mechanism of the formation of leucism plumage in this variant of Indian peafowl. RESULTS A draft genome of Indian peafowl was assembled, with a genome size of 1.05 Gb (the sequencing depth is 362×), and contig and scaffold N50 were up to 6.2 and 11.4 Mb, respectively. Compared with other birds, Indian peafowl showed changes in terms of metabolism, immunity, and skeletal and feather development, which provided a novel insight into the phenotypic evolution of peafowl, such as the large body size and feather morphologies. Moreover, we determined that the phylogeny of Indian peafowl was more closely linked to turkey than chicken. Specifically, we first identified that PMEL was a potential causal gene leading to the formation of the leucism plumage variant in Indian peafowl. CONCLUSIONS This study provides an Indian peafowl genome of high quality, as well as a novel understanding of phenotypic evolution and phylogeny of Indian peafowl. These results provide a valuable reference for the study of avian genome evolution. Furthermore, the discovery of the genetic mechanism for the development of leucism plumage is both a breakthrough in the exploration of peafowl plumage and also offers clues and directions for further investigations of the avian plumage coloration and artificial breeding in peafowl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojuan Liu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hao Chen
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Jing Ouyang
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Min Huang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Sumei Zheng
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Suwang Xi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Hongbo Tang
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Yuren Gao
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Yanpeng Xiong
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Di Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Kaifeng Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Bingbing Liu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wanbo Li
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jun Ren
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xueming Yan
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Huirong Mao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
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Targeting HNRNPM Inhibits Cancer Stemness and Enhances Antitumor Immunity in Wnt-activated Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 13:1413-1447. [PMID: 35158098 PMCID: PMC8938476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Cancer stemness and immune evasion are closely associated and play critical roles in tumor development and resistance to immunotherapy. However, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms that coordinate this association. METHODS The expressions of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (HNRNPM) in 240 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) samples, public databases, and liver development databases were analyzed. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were performed to explore the associations between stem-cell transcription factors and HNRNPM. HNRNPM-regulated alternative splicing (AS) and its binding motif were identified by RNA-seq and RIP-seq. HNRNPM-specific antisense oligonucleotides were developed to explore potential therapeutic targets in HCC. CD8+ T cells that were co-cultured with tumor cells were sorted by flow cytometry assays. RESULTS We identified an elevated oncofetal splicing factor in HCC, HNRNPM, that unifies and regulates the positive association between cancer stemness and immune evasion. HNRNPM knockdown abolished HCC tumorigenesis and diminished cancer stem cell properties in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, HNRNPM regulated the AS of MBD2 by binding its flanking introns, whose isoforms played opposing roles. Although MBD2a and MBD2c competitively bound to CpG islands in the FZD3 promoter, MBD2a preferentially increased FZD3 expression and then activated the WNT/β-catenin pathway. Interestingly, FZD3 and β-catenin further provided additional regulation by targeting OCT4 and SOX2. We found that HNRNPM inhibition significantly promoted CD8+ T cell activation and that HNRNPM- antisense oligonucleotides effectively inhibited WNT/β-catenin to enhance anti-programmed cell death protein-1 immunotherapy by promoting CD8+ T cell infiltration. CONCLUSIONS HNRNPM has a tumor-intrinsic function in generating an immunosuppressive HCC environment through an AS-dependent mechanism and demonstrates proof of the concept of targeting HNRNPM in tailoring HCC immunotherapeutic approaches.
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吴 文. Construction of Eukaryotic Expressional Plasmid of SHISAL1 Gene and Its Expression in Hepatocellular Car-cinoma Cells. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2022. [DOI: 10.12677/biphy.2022.103005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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19
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Yao W, Wang J, Meng F, Zhu Z, Jia X, Xu L, Zhang Q, Wei L. Circular RNA CircPVT1 Inhibits 5-Fluorouracil Chemosensitivity by Regulating Ferroptosis Through MiR-30a-5p/FZD3 Axis in Esophageal Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2021; 11:780938. [PMID: 34966683 PMCID: PMC8711269 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.780938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background CircPVT1 is demonstrated to promote cancer progression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the role and potential functional mechanisms of circPVT1 in regulating 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) chemosensitivity remain largely unknown. Methods ESCC cells resistant to 5-FU were induced with continuous increasing concentrations of 5-FU step-wisely. A cell counting kit-8 assay was used to analyze the viability of ESCC cells. LDH release assay kit was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity. RT-qPCR was used to assess the expression level of non-coding RNAs and cDNAs. Luciferase was used to confirm the interaction between non-coding RNAs and targets. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of downstream signaling proteins. Flow cytometry and ferroptosis detection assay kit were utilized to measure the ferroptosis of ESCC cells. Results CircPVT1 was significantly upregulated in ESCC cells resistant to 5-FU. Knockdown of circPVT1 enhanced the 5-FU chemosensitivity of ESCC cells resistant to 5-FU by increasing cytotoxicity and downregulating multidrug-resistant associated proteins, including P-gp and MRP1. Luciferase assay showed that circPVT1 acted as a sponge of miR-30a-5p, and Frizzled3 (FZD3) was a downstream target of miR-30a-5p. The enhanced 5-FU chemosensitivity by circPVT1 knockdown was reversed with miR-30a-5p inhibitor. Besides, the increased 5-FU chemosensitivity by miR-30a-5p mimics was reversed with FZD3 overexpression. Furthermore, knockdown of circPVT1 increased ferroptosis through downregulating p-β-catenin, GPX4, and SLC7A11 while miR-30a-5p inhibition and FZD3 overexpression reversed the phenotype by upregulating p-β-catenin, GPX4, and SLC7A11. Conclusions These results suggested a key role for circPVT1 in ESCC 5-FU-chemosensitivity in regulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and ferroptosis via miR-30a-5p/FZD3 axis, which might be a potential target in ESCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjian Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fanruo Meng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Henan University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zibo Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiangbo Jia
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Wei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
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Sompel K, Elango A, Smith AJ, Tennis MA. Cancer chemoprevention through Frizzled receptors and EMT. Discov Oncol 2021; 12:32. [PMID: 34604862 PMCID: PMC8429367 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-021-00429-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Frizzled (FZD) transmembrane receptors are well known for their role in β-catenin signaling and development and now understanding of their role in the context of cancer is growing. FZDs are often associated with the process of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) through β-catenin, but some also influence EMT through non-canonical pathways. With ten different FZDs, there is a wide range of activity from oncogenic to tumor suppressive depending on the tissue context. Alterations in FZD signaling can occur during development of premalignant lesions, supporting their potential as targets of chemoprevention agents. Agonizing or antagonizing FZD activity may affect EMT, which is a key process in lesion progression often targeted by chemoprevention agents. Recent studies identified a specific FZD as important for activity of an EMT inhibiting chemopreventive agent and other studies have highlighted the previously unrecognized potential for targeting small molecules to FZD receptors. This work demonstrates the value of investigating FZDs in chemoprevention and here we provide a review of FZDs in cancer EMT and their potential as chemoprevention targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Sompel
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E 19th AVE, RC2 Box C272, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - A. Elango
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E 19th AVE, RC2 Box C272, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - A. J. Smith
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E 19th AVE, RC2 Box C272, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - M. A. Tennis
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E 19th AVE, RC2 Box C272, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
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ERK Phosphorylation Regulates the Aml1/Runx1 Splice Variants and the TRP Channels Expression during the Differentiation of Glioma Stem Cell Lines. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082052. [PMID: 34440820 PMCID: PMC8391729 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of cancer stem cells in brain tumors paved the way for new therapeutic approaches. Recently, a role for the transcriptional factor Runx1/Aml1 and the downstream ion channel genes in brain cancer development and progression has been suggested. This study aimed to explore the expression and the role of Runx1/Aml1, its Aml1b and Aml1c splice variants and the downstream TRPA1 and TRPV1 ion channels in undifferentiated and day-14 differentiated neural stem cells (NSCs and D-NSCs) and glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs and D-GSCs) lines with different proneural (PN) or mesenchymal (MES) phenotype. Gene and protein expression were evaluated by qRT-PCR, cytofluorimetric, western blot and confocal microscopy analyses. Moreover, by western blot, we observed that ERK phosphorylation enhances the Aml1b and Aml1c protein expression during glioma differentiation. Furthermore, the agonists of TRPA1 and TRPV1 channels stimulated apoptosis/necrosis in GSCs and D-GSCs as evaluated by Annexin V and PI staining and cytofluorimetric analysis. Finally, by qRT-PCR, the modulation of Wnt/β catenin, FGF, and TGFβ/SMAD signaling pathways in PN- and MES-GSCs was reported. Overall, our results provide new evidence regarding Runx1/Aml1 isoform overexpression and modulation in TRP channel expression during gliomagenesis, thus offering new directions for glioblastoma therapy.
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22
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Wu CL, Shan TD, Han Y, Kong Y, Li YB, Peng XG, Shang L, Wang PG, Li LP. Long intergenic noncoding RNA 00665 promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis in colorectal cancer by regulating miR-126-5p. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:13571-13584. [PMID: 33878735 PMCID: PMC8202867 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) regulate a series of biological processes, and their anomalous expression plays critical roles in the progression of multiple malignancies, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Although many studies have reported the oncogenic function of LINC00665 in multiple cancers, few studies have explored its role in CRC. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of LINC00665 on the malignant behaviors of CRC and explore the underlying regulatory mechanism of LINC00665. LINC00665 was significantly upregulated in CRC. A loss-of-function assay revealed that LINC00665 downregulation inhibited the proliferation and promoted the apoptosis of CRC cells, which was mediated by cyclin D1, CDK4, caspase-9 and caspase-3. Through mechanistic exploration, we found that miR-126-5p directly bound to LINC00665. Moreover, LINC00665 and miR-126-5p both regulated PAK2 and FZD3 expression. Mechanistically, miR-126-5p was predicted and further verified as a target of both PAK2 and FZD3. These findings demonstrate that LINC00665 might play an important pro-proliferative and antiapoptotic role in CRC and might be a potential biomarker and a new therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Liang Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Emergency Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 262000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ti-Dong Shan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 262000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 262000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Kong
- Department of PET-CT, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 262000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Bo Li
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 262000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Gang Peng
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 262000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Shang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Ge Wang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 262000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Le-Ping Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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23
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Lu C, Shao X, Zhou S, Pan C. LINC00176 facilitates CD4 +T cell adhesion in systemic lupus erythematosus via the WNT5a signaling pathway by regulating WIF1. Mol Immunol 2021; 134:202-209. [PMID: 33813201 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Accruing research shows the implications of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the progression of various autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The present study aimed to identify the expression pattern of LINC00176 in SLE and to explore its effects on CD4+T cell adhesion in this context. The biological functions of LINC00176, WIF1 and WNT5a on CD4+T cells in SLE were evaluated via gain- and loss-of-function experiments, following delivery of pcDNA3-LINC00176, siRNA-LINC00176, pcDNA3-WIF1 and WNT-sFRP5 (an inhibitor for the WNT5a signaling pathway). High LINC00176 expression was evident in the CD4+T cells of SLE patients. Additionally, WIF1 was identified as a potential target gene of LINC00176, and was negatively regulated by LINC00176. The overexpression of LINC00176 could promote proliferation and adhesion of CD4+T cells in SLE. Such alternations were reversed following up-regulation of WIF1 or inhibition of the WNT5a signaling pathway. Taken together, the key findings of our study highlight the ability of LINC00176 to potentially promote the proliferation and adhesion of CD4+T cells in SLE by down-regulating WIF1 and activating the WNT5a signaling pathway, providing new insight and a theoretical basis for translation in SLE therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Xue Shao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Shengzhu Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Chenyu Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, PR China.
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24
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Xiang M, Huang Y, Dai C, Zou G. MiR-340 regulates the growth and metabolism of renal cell carcinoma cells by targeting frizzled class receptor 3. Arch Pharm Res 2021; 44:219-229. [PMID: 33609235 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-021-01310-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA(miR)-340 is known as a multifunctional miRNA related to various types of cancer while its role in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains to be further investigated. In the present study, an apparent increase in miR-340 expression was observed in both clear cell RCC tissues and RCC cell line 786-O and Caki-1. Functionally, the overexpression of miR-340 promoted cell proliferation, migration, invasion, extracellular alanine (Ala) level, and glycolysis level in 786-O cells. Then, frizzled class receptor 3 (FZD3) was determined as the target gene of miR-340 and its expression level was negatively regulated by miR-340. The FZD3 silencing abrogated the inhibitory effect of miR-340 knockdown on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, Ala level, and glycolysis level in 786-O cells. In conclusion, miR-340 promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of RCC cells via suppressing FZD3 expression, and the promotion effect of miR-340 on RCC progression may be due to its regulatory effect on glycolysis and Ala level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfeng Xiang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1 Mingde RD, Nanchang, 310003, China
| | - Yanqun Huang
- School of Inter-Cultural Studies, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Changjun Dai
- People's Hospital of Linchuan District, Fuzhou City, 344000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Gaode Zou
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1 Mingde RD, Nanchang, 310003, China.
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25
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Azbazdar Y, Karabicici M, Erdal E, Ozhan G. Regulation of Wnt Signaling Pathways at the Plasma Membrane and Their Misregulation in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:631623. [PMID: 33585487 PMCID: PMC7873896 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.631623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling is one of the key signaling pathways that govern numerous physiological activities such as growth, differentiation and migration during development and homeostasis. As pathway misregulation has been extensively linked to pathological processes including malignant tumors, a thorough understanding of pathway regulation is essential for development of effective therapeutic approaches. A prominent feature of cancer cells is that they significantly differ from healthy cells with respect to their plasma membrane composition and lipid organization. Here, we review the key role of membrane composition and lipid order in activation of Wnt signaling pathway by tightly regulating formation and interactions of the Wnt-receptor complex. We also discuss in detail how plasma membrane components, in particular the ligands, (co)receptors and extracellular or membrane-bound modulators, of Wnt pathways are affected in lung, colorectal, liver and breast cancers that have been associated with abnormal activation of Wnt signaling. Wnt-receptor complex components and their modulators are frequently misexpressed in these cancers and this appears to correlate with metastasis and cancer progression. Thus, composition and organization of the plasma membrane can be exploited to develop new anticancer drugs that are targeted in a highly specific manner to the Wnt-receptor complex, rendering a more effective therapeutic outcome possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yagmur Azbazdar
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, İzmir, Turkey.,Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Karabicici
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, İzmir, Turkey.,Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Esra Erdal
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, İzmir, Turkey.,Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Gunes Ozhan
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, İzmir, Turkey.,Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
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26
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Wang J, Feng D, Gao B. An Overview of Potential Therapeutic Agents Targeting WNT/PCP Signaling. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2021; 269:175-213. [PMID: 34463852 DOI: 10.1007/164_2021_533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the proto-oncogene Wnt1 (Int1) in 1982, WNT signaling has been identified as one of the most important pathways that regulates a wide range of fundamental developmental and physiological processes in multicellular organisms. The canonical WNT signaling pathway depends on the stabilization and translocation of β-catenin and plays important roles in development and homeostasis. The WNT/planar cell polarity (WNT/PCP) signaling, also known as one of the β-catenin-independent WNT pathways, conveys directional information to coordinate polarized cell behaviors. Similar to WNT/β-catenin signaling, disruption or aberrant activation of WNT/PCP signaling also underlies a variety of developmental defects and cancers. However, the pharmacological targeting of WNT/PCP signaling for therapeutic purposes remains largely unexplored. In this review, we briefly discuss WNT/PCP signaling in development and disease and summarize the known drugs/inhibitors targeting this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Di Feng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bo Gao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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27
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Sun Y, Wang W, Zhao C. Frizzled Receptors in Tumors, Focusing on Signaling, Roles, Modulation Mechanisms, and Targeted Therapies. Oncol Res 2020; 28:661-674. [PMID: 32998794 PMCID: PMC7962935 DOI: 10.3727/096504020x16014648664459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt molecules play crucial roles in development and adult homeostasis through their receptors Frizzled proteins (Fzds). Fzds mediate canonical β-catenin pathway and various noncanonical β-catenin-independent pathways. Aberrant Fzd signaling is involved in many diseases including cancer. Wnt/β-catenin is a well-established oncogenic pathway involved in almost every aspect of tumor development. However, Fzd-mediated noncanonical Wnt pathways function as both tumor promoters and tumor suppressors depending on cellular context. Fzd-targeted therapies have proven to be effective on cultured tumor cells, tumor cell xenografts, mouse tumor models, and patient-derived xenografts (PDX). Moreover, Fzd-targeted therapies synergize with chemotherapy in preclinical models. However, the occurrence of fragility fractures in patients treated with Fzd-targeted agents such as OMP-54F28 and OMP-18R5 limits the development of this combination. Along with new insights on signaling, roles, and modulation mechanisms of Fzds in human tumors, more Fzd-related therapeutic targets will be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical UniversityShenyangP.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical UniversityShenyangP.R. China
| | - Chenghai Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical UniversityShenyangP.R. China
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28
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Wang S, Qiu J, Liu L, Su C, Qi L, Huang C, Chen X, Zhang Y, Ye Y, Ding Y, Liang L, Liao W. CREB5 promotes invasiveness and metastasis in colorectal cancer by directly activating MET. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:168. [PMID: 32843066 PMCID: PMC7446182 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01673-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND cAMP responsive element binding protein 5 (CREB5) is a transcriptional activator in eukaryotic cells that can regulate gene expression. Previously, we found that CREB5 was involved in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer (CRC) using bioinformatics analysis. However, the biological roles and underlying regulatory mechanism of CREB5 in CRC remain unclear. METHODS Real-time PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were used to examine CREB5 expression. In vitro experiments including migration assay, wound-healing assay, chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells tube formation assay were used to investigate the effects of CREB5 on CRC cell migration and tumor angiogenesis ability. Additionally, an orthotopic implantation assay was performed in nude mice to confirm the effects of CREB5 in vivo. Furthermore, gene set enrichment analysis was performed to explore the potential mechanism of CREB5 in CRC. RESULTS We found that CREB5 expression was highly upregulated in CRC. CREB5 overexpression was positively correlated with advanced WHO stages and TNM stages and shorter survival in CRC patients. Moreover, CREB5 overexpression promoted while CREB5 silencing reduced the invasiveness and metastatic capacity of CRC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, CREB5 directly interacted with the MET promoter and activated the hepatocyte growth factor-MET signalling pathway. Importantly, inhibition of MET reduced the invasion and metastasis of CREB5-overexpressing CRC cells, suggesting that CREB5 promotes metastasis mainly through activation of MET signalling. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates a crucial role for CREB5 in CRC metastasis by directly upregulating MET expression. CREB5 may be both a potential prognostic marker and a therapeutic target to effectively overcome metastasis in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junfeng Qiu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cailin Su
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chengmei Huang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoning Chen
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaxin Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaping Ye
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanqing Ding
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Liang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wenting Liao
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.
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29
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Li Q, Huyan T, Cai S, Huang Q, Zhang M, Peng H, Zhang Y, Liu N, Zhang W. The role of exosomal miR-375-3p: A potential suppressor in bladder cancer via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. FASEB J 2020; 34:12177-12196. [PMID: 32716585 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000347r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
miR-375-3p is a significantly downregulated miRNA in bladder cancer (BC). However, its role in BC regulation is still unclear. In this study, we reported that miR-375-3p overexpression inhibited proliferation and migration and promoted apoptosis in BC cells. Frizzled-8 (FZD8) gene is identified as the direct miR-375-3p targeting gene. miR-375-3p blocks the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and downstream molecules Cyclin D1 and c-Myc by inhibiting the expression of FZD8 directly, it could increase caspase 1 and caspase 3 expression and promote T24 cell apoptosis as well. miR-375-3p also showed a significant inhibitory effect in vivo in bladder tumor-bearing nude mice, as demonstrated by the reduced tumor volume and Ki67 proliferation index in tumor tissue. Collectively, miR-375-3p is a suppressor of BC that inhibits proliferation and metastasis, and promotes apoptosis in BC cells as well as suppresses tumor growth in a T24 xenograft mouse model, which could be used as a potential therapeutic approach for BC in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ting Huyan
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Suna Cai
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiuping Huang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengzhao Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hourong Peng
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yujun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ningjing Liu
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, China
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30
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Gajos-Michniewicz A, Czyz M. WNT Signaling in Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4852. [PMID: 32659938 PMCID: PMC7402324 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
WNT-signaling controls important cellular processes throughout embryonic development and adult life, so any deregulation of this signaling can result in a wide range of pathologies, including cancer. WNT-signaling is classified into two categories: β-catenin-dependent signaling (canonical pathway) and β-catenin-independent signaling (non-canonical pathway), the latter can be further divided into WNT/planar cell polarity (PCP) and calcium pathways. WNT ligands are considered as unique directional growth factors that contribute to both cell proliferation and polarity. Origin of cancer can be diverse and therefore tissue-specific differences can be found in WNT-signaling between cancers, including specific mutations contributing to cancer development. This review focuses on the role of the WNT-signaling pathway in melanoma. The current view on the role of WNT-signaling in cancer immunity as well as a short summary of WNT pathway-related drugs under investigation are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Malgorzata Czyz
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92–215 Lodz, Poland;
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31
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Bao L, Zong H, Fang S, Zheng L, Li Y. Randomized trial of electrodynamic microneedling combined with 5% minoxidil topical solution for treating androgenetic alopecia in Chinese males and molecular mechanistic study of the involvement of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. J DERMATOL TREAT 2020; 33:483-493. [PMID: 32412314 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2020.1770162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Treatment of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) with concurrent electrodynamic microneedling and 5% minoxidil may further stimulate hair growth.Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of microneedling combined with 5% minoxidil in Chinese male AGA patients and to explore the underlying mechanisms.Methods: Seventy-one male volunteers with AGA completed the entire trial and follow-up. The first group (n = 23) received only 5% minoxidil twice daily for 24 weeks; the second group (n = 23) received only microneedle therapy every 3 weeks for eight treatments; and the third group (n = 25) received the combination treatment for a total of 24 weeks. Changes in hair density and diameter were evaluated before and after treatment every 3 weeks, and patients were followed up at 6 months after the final treatment. In the combination group, a PCR array was used to detect the expression of molecules in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway within the hair loss sites on top of the head before and after treatment and within the scalp tissues from non-hair loss sites on top of the head. The tissues were obtained by punches in the most severe area of hair loss on top of the head and in the adjacent normal hair area without hair loss. Real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to further examine changes in the differentially expressed molecules identified by PCR array (FZD3) and in molecules in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway closely related to hair growth (β-catenin and LEF-1).Results: Compared to single minoxidil or single microneedle treatment, the combination therapy showed superior therapeutic effects clinically, with further upregulation of FZD3, β-catenin, and LEF-1 expression levels at both mRNA and protein levels in the treated areas.Conclusions: Microneedling combined with 5% minoxidil can improve AGA, and the underlying mechanism may involve activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Bao
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haifeng Zong
- Department of NICU, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sining Fang
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lixiong Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanhong Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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32
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CD271 is a molecular switch with divergent roles in melanoma and melanocyte development. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7696. [PMID: 31118427 PMCID: PMC6531451 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42773-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of signaling networks controlling self-renewal and migration of developmental cell lineages is closely linked to the proliferative and invasive properties of tumors. Identification of such signaling pathways and their critical regulators is vital for successful design of effective targeted therapies against neoplastic tissue growth. The neurotrophin receptor (CD271/NGFR/p75NTR) is a key regulator of the melanocytic cell lineage through its ability to mediate cell growth, survival, and differentiation. Using clinical melanoma samples, normal melanocytes and global gene expression profiling we have investigated the role of CD271 in rewiring signal transduction networks of melanoma cells during neoplastic transformation. Our analysis demonstrates that depending on the cell fate of tumor initiation vs normal development, elevated levels of CD271 can serve as a switch between proliferation/survival and differentiation/cell death. Two divergent arms of neurotrophin signaling hold the balance between positive regulators of tumor growth controlled by E2F, MYC, SREBP1 and AKT3 pathways on the one hand, and differentiation, senescence, and apoptosis controlled by TRAF6/IRAK-dependent activation of AP1 and TP53 mediated processes on the other hand. A molecular network map revealed in this study uncovers CD271 as a context-specific molecular switch between normal development and malignant transformation.
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