1
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Skubitz KM, Murugan P. RAD51C and MYST3 Mutations in a Case of Desmoid-Type Fibromatosis With No Mutation in CTNNB1 or APC. Cureus 2024; 16:e55496. [PMID: 38571839 PMCID: PMC10990071 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Most cases of desmoid-type fibromatosis (DTF) exhibit a mutation in APC or CTNNB1. We report a case of mesenteric DTF in which no mutation in APC or CTNNB1 was found, but a germline variant of uncertain significance (VUS) in RAD51C and a subclonal mutation in MYST3 were identified. Whether these genetic changes are important in DTF in this case, or whether genetically conventional DTF cells were present at a density below detection is unknown; it will be of interest to see results in further studies of wild-type APC/CTNNB1 cases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paari Murugan
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, MInneapolis, USA
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2
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Skubitz KM, Marette S, Murugan P, Yueh B, Clohisy DR. Multifocal Desmoid-Type Fibromatosis: Case Series and Potential Relationship to Neuronal Spread. Cureus 2024; 16:e53771. [PMID: 38465095 PMCID: PMC10921122 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Multifocal desmoid-type fibromatosis (DTF) is very rare and usually regional. We report three cases that initially appeared to be multifocal, but subsequent detailed imaging revealed unsuspected tracking along nerves in two cases. This neural spread is reminiscent of neuromuscular choristoma (NMC), a rare developmental lesion in which mature skeletal muscle cells, or rarely smooth muscle cells, infiltrate and enlarge peripheral nerves. NMC is frequently associated with DTF. These two cases suggest that DTF spread along nerves and appeared as distinct multifocal lesions while actually being contiguous. The third case was felt to represent true multifocal tumor development, possibly due to tumor seeding at the time of chest surgery. The relationship of DTF to NMC is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paari Murugan
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Bevan Yueh
- Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Denis R Clohisy
- Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
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3
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Xing D, Meyer CF, Gross JM, Argani P, Hung CF, Wu TC, Vang R, Armstrong DK, Gaillard SL. Uterine MEIS1::NCOA2 Fusion Sarcoma With Lung Metastasis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2024; 43:47-55. [PMID: 37043646 PMCID: PMC10497720 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
MEIS1::NCOA1/2 fusion sarcomas are a recently described novel entity arising in a variety of locations with a predilection for the genitourinary tract and gynecologic organs. Despite multiple locoregional recurrences, these tumors are thought to behave in a low-grade malignant manner. Here we report a uterine MEIS1::NCOA2 fusion sarcoma with lung metastasis. The patient was a 47-yr-old woman with a history of abnormal uterine bleeding who was found to have a myometrial mass confirmed by pathology to be uterine sarcoma. The tumor was predominantly composed of monotonous spindle cells with scant cytoplasm, crowded nuclei, and brisk mitotic activity, growing in a fascicular and streaming pattern. The morphologic and immunophenotypic features were nonspecific and a diagnosis of high-grade uterine sarcoma with a differential of leiomyosarcoma versus high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma was rendered. At the 27-mo follow-up, the patient was found to have a lung metastasis consisting of a monotonous round cell sarcoma. A retrospective RNA-based and DNA-based next-generation sequencing of the primary uterine sarcoma revealed a MEIS1::NCOA2 gene fusion, a c.94G>C/p.D32H mutation in exon 3 of CTNNB1 gene, HMGA2 , and CDK4 gene amplification, and an intermediate/marginal level of MDM2 gene amplification. Polymerase chain reaction-based molecular analysis further demonstrated that the MEIS1::NCOA2 gene fusion and CTNNB1 somatic mutation were also present in the lung metastasis. This case represents the first case of such gynecologic sarcoma with distant (lung) metastasis, and the second metastatic case among all reported MEIS1::NCOA1/2 fusion sarcomas, highlighting the malignant metastatic potential of this emerging entity. Our case also indicates that HMGA2/CDK4/MDM2 region amplification and CTNNB1 somatic mutation might be recurrent genetic events in this rare sarcoma subtype.
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4
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Filipp FV. Spatial cancer systems biology resolves heterotypic interactions and identifies disruption of spatial hierarchy as a pathological driver event. bioRxiv 2023:2023.03.01.530706. [PMID: 36993709 PMCID: PMC10054974 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.01.530706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Spatially annotated single-cell datasets provide unprecedented opportunities to dissect cell-cell communication in development and disease. Heterotypic signaling includes interactions between different cell types and is well established in tissue development and spatial organization. Epithelial organization requires several different programs that are tightly regulated. Planar cell polarity (PCP) is the organization of epithelial cells along the planar axis, orthogonal to the apical-basal axis. Here, we investigate PCP factors and explore the implications of developmental regulators as malignant drivers. Utilizing cancer systems biology analysis, we derive a gene expression network for WNT-ligands (WNT) and their cognate frizzled (FZD) receptors in skin cutaneous melanoma. The profiles supported by unsupervised clustering of multiple-sequence alignments identify ligand-independent signaling and implications for metastatic progression based on the underpinning developmental spatial program. Omics studies and spatial biology connect developmental programs with oncological events and explain key spatial features of metastatic aggressiveness. Dysregulation of prominent PCP factors such as specific representatives of the WNT and FZD families in malignant melanoma recapitulates the development program of normal melanocytes but in an uncontrolled and disorganized fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian V. Filipp
- Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 München, Germany
- School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University München, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 3, D-85354 Freising, Germany
- Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University München, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 3, D-85354 Freising, Germany
- Metaflux, San Diego, CA, 92105, United States of America
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5
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Duan X, Shi Y, Zhao S, Yao L, Sheng J, Liu D. Foxc1a regulates zebrafish vascular integrity and brain vascular development through targeting amotl2a and ctnnb1. Microvasc Res 2022; 143:104400. [PMID: 35724741 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2022.104400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidences have pointed that foxc1a is essential for vascular development and integrity maintenance through regulating the expression of downstream genes and interacting with signaling pathways. However, the underling cellular and molecular mechanisms of foxc1a in regulating vascular development remain undetermined. Based on two different foxc1a mutant zebrafish lines (foxc1anju18 and foxc1anju19 which generated predicted truncated foxc1a proteins with 50aa and 315aa respectively), we found that around 30 % of foxc1anju18 zebrafish exhibited severe vascular developmental defects with obvious hemorrhage in hindbrain and trunk at embryonic stages. Confocal imaging analysis revealed that the formation of middle cerebral vein (MCeV), intra-cerebral central arteries (CtAs) and dorsal longitudinal vein (DLV) of brain vessels was significantly blocked in foxc1anju18enbryos. Injection of exogenous full length and foxc1anju19 truncated foxc1a mRNA both rescued the deficiency of foxc1anju18 embryos. Transcriptome analysis revealed 186 DEGs in foxc1anju18 zebrafish among which amotl2a and ctnnb1 expression were reduced and functionally associated with adherens junctions. Dual-Luciferase assays validated amotl2a and ctnnb1 were both directly transactivated by foxc1a. Rescue experiments demonstrated that amotl2a was mainly responsible for the vascular integrity caused by foxc1a mutation and also coordinated with ctnnb1 to regulate brain vascular development. Our data point to a novel clue that foxc1a regulates vascular integrity and brain vascular development through targeting amotl2a and ctnnb1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuchu Duan
- School of Life Science, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Department of Endocrine, Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Shu Zhao
- School of Life Science, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Department of Endocrine, Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lili Yao
- School of Life Science, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Department of Endocrine, Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jiajing Sheng
- School of Life Science, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Department of Endocrine, Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Dong Liu
- School of Life Science, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Department of Endocrine, Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
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6
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Ambrosi G, Voloshanenko O, Eckert AF, Kranz D, Nienhaus GU, Boutros M. Allele-specific endogenous tagging and quantitative analysis of β-catenin in colorectal cancer cells. eLife 2022; 11:64498. [PMID: 35014953 PMCID: PMC8752093 DOI: 10.7554/elife.64498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling plays important roles in development, homeostasis, and tumorigenesis. Mutations in β-catenin that activate Wnt signaling have been found in colorectal and hepatocellular carcinomas. However, the dynamics of wild-type and mutant forms of β-catenin are not fully understood. Here, we genome-engineered fluorescently tagged alleles of endogenous β-catenin in a colorectal cancer cell line. Wild-type and oncogenic mutant alleles were tagged with different fluorescent proteins, enabling the analysis of both variants in the same cell. We analyzed the properties of both β-catenin alleles using immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy approaches, revealing distinctly different biophysical properties. In addition, activation of Wnt signaling by treatment with a GSK3β inhibitor or a truncating APC mutation modulated the wild-type allele to mimic the properties of the mutant β-catenin allele. The one-step tagging strategy demonstrates how genome engineering can be employed for the parallel functional analysis of different genetic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Ambrosi
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, BioQuant and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oksana Voloshanenko
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, BioQuant and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Antonia F Eckert
- Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Dominique Kranz
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, BioQuant and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - G Ulrich Nienhaus
- Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.,Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.,Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.,Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, United States
| | - Michael Boutros
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, BioQuant and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
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7
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Tao J, Krutsenko Y, Moghe A, Singh S, Poddar M, Bell A, Oertel M, Singhi AD, Geller D, Chen X, Lujambio A, Liu S, Monga SP. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and β-Catenin Coactivation in Hepatocellular Cancer: Biological and Therapeutic Implications. Hepatology 2021; 74:741-759. [PMID: 33529367 PMCID: PMC8326305 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS HCC remains a major unmet clinical need. Although activating catenin beta-1 (CTNNB1) mutations are observed in prominent subsets of HCC cases, these by themselves are insufficient for hepatocarcinogenesis. Coexpression of mutant CTNNB1 with clinically relevant co-occurrence has yielded HCCs. Here, we identify cooperation between β-catenin and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling in HCC. APPROACH AND RESULTS Public HCC data sets were assessed for concomitant presence of CTNNB1 mutations and either mutations in nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor-2 (NFE2L2) or Kelch like-ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), or Nrf2 activation by gene signature. HCC development in mice and similarity to human HCC subsets was assessed following coexpression of T41A-CTNNB1 with either wild-type (WT)-, G31A-, or T80K-NFE2L2. Based on mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 activation in CTNNB1-mutated HCCs, response of preclinical HCC to mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor was investigated. Overall, 9% of HCC cases showed concomitant CTNNB1 mutations and Nrf2 activation, subsets of which were attributable to mutations in NFE2L2/KEAP1. Coexpression of mutated CTNNB1 with mutant NFE2L2, but not WT-NFE2L2, led to HCC development and mortality by 12-14 weeks. These HCCs were positive for β-catenin targets, like glutamine synthetase and cyclin-D1, and Nrf2 targets, like NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 and peroxiredoxin 1. RNA-sequencing and pathway analysis showed high concordance of preclinical HCC to human HCC subset showing activation of unique (iron homeostasis and glioblastoma multiforme signaling) and expected (glutamine metabolism) pathways. NFE2L2-CTNNB1 HCC mice were treated with mTOR inhibitor everolimus (5-mg/kg diet ad libitum), which led to >50% decrease in tumor burden. CONCLUSIONS Coactivation of β-catenin and Nrf2 is evident in 9% of all human HCCs. Coexpression of mutant NFE2L2 and mutant CTNNB1 led to clinically relevant HCC development in mice, which responded to mTOR inhibitors. Thus, this model has both biological and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Tao
- Department of PathologyUniversity of PittsburghSchool of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA.,Pittsburgh Liver Research CenterUniversity of PittsburghSchool of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
| | - Yekaterina Krutsenko
- Department of PathologyUniversity of PittsburghSchool of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA.,Pittsburgh Liver Research CenterUniversity of PittsburghSchool of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
| | - Akshata Moghe
- Pittsburgh Liver Research CenterUniversity of PittsburghSchool of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA.,Department of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghSchool of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
| | - Sucha Singh
- Department of PathologyUniversity of PittsburghSchool of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA.,Pittsburgh Liver Research CenterUniversity of PittsburghSchool of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
| | - Minakshi Poddar
- Department of PathologyUniversity of PittsburghSchool of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA.,Pittsburgh Liver Research CenterUniversity of PittsburghSchool of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
| | - Aaron Bell
- Department of PathologyUniversity of PittsburghSchool of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA.,Pittsburgh Liver Research CenterUniversity of PittsburghSchool of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
| | - Michael Oertel
- Department of PathologyUniversity of PittsburghSchool of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA.,Pittsburgh Liver Research CenterUniversity of PittsburghSchool of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
| | - Aatur D Singhi
- Department of PathologyUniversity of PittsburghSchool of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA.,Pittsburgh Liver Research CenterUniversity of PittsburghSchool of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
| | - David Geller
- Pittsburgh Liver Research CenterUniversity of PittsburghSchool of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA.,Department of SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghSchool of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver CenterUniversity CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA
| | - Amaia Lujambio
- Department of Oncological SciencesTisch Cancer InstitutePrecision Immunology Institute, and Liver Cancer ProgramIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY
| | - Silvia Liu
- Department of PathologyUniversity of PittsburghSchool of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA.,Pittsburgh Liver Research CenterUniversity of PittsburghSchool of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
| | - Satdarshan P Monga
- Department of PathologyUniversity of PittsburghSchool of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA.,Pittsburgh Liver Research CenterUniversity of PittsburghSchool of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA.,Department of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghSchool of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPA
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8
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Abstract
Selecting the most appropriate mouse model that best recapitulates human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) allows translation of preclinical mouse studies into clinical studies. In the era of cancer genomics, comprehensive and integrative analysis of the human HCC genome has allowed categorization of HCC according to molecular subtypes. Despite the variety of mouse models that are available for preclinical research, there is a lack of evidence for mouse models that closely resemble human HCC. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the accurate mouse models that represent human HCC based on molecular subtype as well as histologic aggressiveness. In this review, we summarize the mouse models integrated with human HCC genomic data to provide information regarding the models that recapitulates the distinct aspect of HCC biology and prognosis based on molecular subtypes.
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9
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Takai A, Dang H, Oishi N, Khatib S, Martin SP, Dominguez DA, Luo J, Bagni R, Wu X, Powell K, Ye QH, Jia HL, Qin LX, Chen J, Mitchell GA, Luo X, Thorgeirsson SS, Wang XW. Genome-Wide RNAi Screen Identifies PMPCB as a Therapeutic Vulnerability in EpCAM + Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer Res 2019; 79:2379-2391. [PMID: 30862714 PMCID: PMC6497533 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-3015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a genetically heterogeneous disease for which a dominant actionable molecular driver has not been identified. Patients with the stem cell-like EpCAM+AFP+ HCC subtype have poor prognosis. Here, we performed a genome-wide RNAi screen to identify genes with a synthetic lethal interaction with EpCAM as a potential therapeutic target for the EpCAM+AFP+ HCC subtype. We identified 26 candidate genes linked to EpCAM/Wnt/β-catenin signaling and HCC cell growth. We further characterized the top candidate PMPCB, which plays a role in mitochondrial protein processing, as a bona fide target for EpCAM+ HCC. PMPCB blockage suppressed EpCAM expression and Wnt/β-catenin signaling via mitochondria-related reactive oxygen species production and FOXO activities, resulting in apoptosis and tumor suppression. These results indicate that a synthetic lethality screen is a viable strategy to identify actionable drivers of HCC and identify PMPCB as a therapeutically vulnerable gene in EpCAM+ HCC subpopulations. SIGNIFICANCE: This study identifies PMPCB as critical to mitochondrial homeostasis and a synthetic lethal candidate that selectively kills highly resistant EpCAM+ HCC tumors by inactivating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Takai
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Hien Dang
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Naoki Oishi
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Subreen Khatib
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sean P Martin
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Dana A Dominguez
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ji Luo
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Rachel Bagni
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Katie Powell
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | | | | | | | - Jinqiu Chen
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Gary A Mitchell
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Xiaoling Luo
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Snorri S Thorgeirsson
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Xin Wei Wang
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
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10
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Wang X, Zhang X, Jin L, Yang Z, Li W, Cui J. Combining ctnnb1 genetic variability with epidemiologic factors to predict lung cancer susceptibility. Cancer Biomark 2018; 22:7-12. [PMID: 29562493 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-170563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Early detection and diagnosis of lung cancer remain challenging but would improve patient prognosis. The goal of this study is to develop a model to estimate the risk of lung cancer for a given individual. METHODS We conducted a case-control study to develop a predictive model to identify individuals at high risk for lung cancer. Clinical data from 500 lung cancer patients and 500 population-based age- and gender-matched controls were used to develop and evaluate the model. Associations between environmental variants together with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of beta-catenin (ctnnb1) and lung cancer risk were analyzed using a logistic regression model. The predictive accuracy of the model was determined by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS Prior diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary tuberculosis, family history of cancer, and smoking are lung cancer risk factors. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.740, and the sensitivity, specificity, and Youden index were 0.718, 0.660, and 0.378, respectively. CONCLUSION Our risk prediction model for lung cancer is useful for distinguishing high-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Cancer and Stem Cell Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China.,Cancer and Stem Cell Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China
| | - Xiaochang Zhang
- Cancer and Stem Cell Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China.,Cancer and Stem Cell Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China
| | - Lina Jin
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiguang Yang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China
| | - Wei Li
- Cancer and Stem Cell Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China
| | - Jiuwei Cui
- Cancer and Stem Cell Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China
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11
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Deciphering Developmental Disorders Study. Prevalence and architecture of de novo mutations in developmental disorders. Nature 2017; 542:433-8. [PMID: 28135719 DOI: 10.1038/nature21062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 918] [Impact Index Per Article: 131.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The genomes of individuals with severe, undiagnosed developmental disorders are enriched in damaging de novo mutations (DNMs) in developmentally important genes. Here we have sequenced the exomes of 4,293 families containing individuals with developmental disorders, and meta-analysed these data with data from another 3,287 individuals with similar disorders. We show that the most important factors influencing the diagnostic yield of DNMs are the sex of the affected individual, the relatedness of their parents, whether close relatives are affected and the parental ages. We identified 94 genes enriched in damaging DNMs, including 14 that previously lacked compelling evidence of involvement in developmental disorders. We have also characterized the phenotypic diversity among these disorders. We estimate that 42% of our cohort carry pathogenic DNMs in coding sequences; approximately half of these DNMs disrupt gene function and the remainder result in altered protein function. We estimate that developmental disorders caused by DNMs have an average prevalence of 1 in 213 to 1 in 448 births, depending on parental age. Given current global demographics, this equates to almost 400,000 children born per year.
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12
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Bae SM, Lim W, Jeong W, Lee JY, Kim J, Bazer FW, Song G. Sex-specific expression of CTNNB1 in the gonadal morphogenesis of the chicken. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2013; 11:89. [PMID: 24025394 PMCID: PMC3847165 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-11-89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beta-catenin (CTNNB1), as a key transcriptional regulator in the WNT signal transduction cascade, plays a pivotal role in multiple biological functions such as embryonic development and homeostasis in adults. Although it has been suggested that CTNNB1 is required for gonad development and maintenance of ovarian function in mice, little is known about the expression and functional role of CTNNB1 in gonadal development and differentiation in the chicken reproductive system. METHODS To examine sex-specific, cell-specific and temporal expression of CTNNB1 mRNA and protein during gonadal development to maturation of reproductive organs, we collected left and right gonads apart from mesonephric kidney of chicken embryos on embryonic day (E) 6, E9, E14, E18, as well as testes, oviduct and ovaries from 12-week-old and adult chickens and performed quantitative PCR, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemical analyses. In addition, localization of Sertoli cell markers such as anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1), cyclin D1 (CCND1) and N-cadherin (CDH2) during testicular development was evaluated. RESULTS Results of the present study showed that CTNNB1 mRNA and protein are expressed predominantly in the seminiferous cords on E6 to E14 in the male embryonic gonad, and are mainly localized to the medullary region of female embryonic gonads from E6 to E9. In addition, CTNNB1 mRNA and protein are abundant in the Sertoli cells in the testes and expressed predominantly in luminal epithelial cells of the oviduct, but not in the ovaries from 12-week-old and adult chickens. Concomitant with CTNNB1, AMH, ESR1, CCND1 and CDH2 were detected predominantly in the seminiferous cord of the medullary region of male gonads at E9 (after sex determination) and then maintained or decreased until hatching. Interestingly, AMH, ESR1, CCND1 and CDH2 were located in seminiferous tubules of the testes from 12-weeks-old chickens and ESR1, CCND1 and CDH2 were expressed predominantly in the Sertoli cells within seminiferous tubules of adult testes. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these results revealed that CTNNB1 is present in gonads of both sexes during embryonic development and it may play essential roles in differentiation of Sertoli cells during formation of seminiferous tubules during development of the testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Min Bae
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooyoung Jeong
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyoung Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics and Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2471, USA
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
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Richards JS, Fan HY, Liu Z, Tsoi M, Laguë MN, Boyer A, Boerboom D. Either Kras activation or Pten loss similarly enhance the dominant-stable CTNNB1-induced genetic program to promote granulosa cell tumor development in the ovary and testis. Oncogene 2012; 31:1504-20. [PMID: 21860425 PMCID: PMC3223552 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2011.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2011] [Revised: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
WNT, RAS or phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling pathways control specific stages of ovarian follicular development. To analyze the functional interactions of these pathways in granulosa cells during follicular development in vivo, we generated specific mutant mouse models. Stable activation of the WNT signaling effector β-catenin (CTNNB1) in granulosa cells results in the formation of premalignant lesions that develop into granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) spontaneously later in life or following targeted deletion of the tumor suppressor gene Pten. Conversely, expression of oncogenic KRAS(G12D) dramatically arrests proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis in granulosa cells, and consequently, small abnormal follicle-like structures devoid of oocytes accumulate in the ovary. Because of the potent anti-proliferative effects of KRAS(G12D) in granulosa cells, we sought to determine whether KRAS(G12D) would block precancerous lesion and tumor formation in follicles of the CTNNB1-mutant mice. Unexpectedly, transgenic Ctnnb1;Kras-mutant mice exhibited increased GC proliferation, decreased apoptosis and impaired differentiation and developed early-onset GCTs leading to premature death in a manner similar to the Ctnnb1;Pten-mutant mice. Microarray and reverse transcription-PCR analyses revealed that gene regulatory processes induced by CTNNB1 were mostly enhanced by either KRAS activation or Pten loss in remarkably similar patterns and degree. The concomitant activation of CTNNB1 and KRAS in Sertoli cells also caused testicular granulosa cell tumors that showed gene expression patterns that partially overlapped those observed in GCTs of the ovary. Although the mutations analyzed herein have not yet been linked to adult GCTs in humans, they may be related to juvenile GCTs or to tumors in other tissues where CTNNB1 is mutated. Importantly, the results provide strong evidence that CTNNB1 is the driver in these contexts and that KRAS(G12D) and Pten loss promote the program set in motion by the CTNNB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Richards
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Boyer A, Lapointe É, Zheng X, Cowan RG, Li H, Quirk SM, DeMayo FJ, Richards JS, Boerboom D. WNT4 is required for normal ovarian follicle development and female fertility. FASEB J 2010; 24:3010-25. [PMID: 20371632 PMCID: PMC2909279 DOI: 10.1096/fj.09-145789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2009] [Accepted: 03/11/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
To study the role of WNT4 in the postnatal ovary, a mouse strain bearing a floxed Wnt4 allele was created and mated to the Amhr2(tm3(cre)Bhr) strain to target deletion of Wnt4 to granulosa cells. Wnt4(flox/-);Amhr2(tm3(cre)Bhr/+) mice had reduced ovary weights and produced smaller litters (P<0.05). Serial follicle counting demonstrated that Wnt4(flox/-);Amhr2(tm3(cre)Bhr/+) mice were born with a normal ovarian reserve and maintained normal numbers of small follicles until puberty but had only 25.2% of the normal number of healthy antral follicles. Some Wnt4(flox/-);Amhr2(tm3(cre)Bhr/+) mice had no antral follicles or corpora lutea and underwent premature follicle depletion. RT-PCR analyses of Wnt4(flox/-);Amhr2(tm3(cre)Bhr/+) granulosa cells and cultured granulosa cells that overexpress WNT4 demonstrated that WNT4 regulates the expression of Star, Cyp11a1, and Cyp19, steroidogenic genes previously identified as downstream targets of the WNT signaling effector CTNNB1. Decreased serum progesterone levels were found in immature, gonadotropin-treated Wnt4(flox/-);Amhr2(tm3(cre)Bhr/+) mice (P<0.05). WNT4- and CTNNB1-overexpressing cultured granulosa cells were analyzed by microarray for alterations in gene expression, which showed that WNT4 regulates additional genes involved in late follicle development via the WNT/CTNNB1 signaling pathway. Together, these data indicate that WNT4 is required for normal antral follicle development and may act by regulating granulosa cell functions including steroidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Boyer
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction Animale, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; and
| | - Évelyne Lapointe
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction Animale, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Xiaofeng Zheng
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction Animale, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Robert G. Cowan
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Huaiguang Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; and
| | - Susan M. Quirk
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Francesco J. DeMayo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; and
| | - JoAnne S. Richards
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; and
| | - Derek Boerboom
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction Animale, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; and
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Abstract
beta-catenin has functions as both an adhesion and a signaling molecule. Disruption of these functions through mutations of the beta-catenin gene (CTNNB1) may be important in the development of colorectal tumors. We examined the entire coding sequence of beta-catenin by reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) and direct sequencing of 23 human colorectal cancer cell lines from 21 patients. In two cell lines, there was apparent instability of the beta-catenin mRNA. Five different mutations (26%) were found in the remaining 21cell lines (from 19 patients). A three-base deletion (codon 45) was identified in the cell line HCT 116, whereas cell lines SW 48, HCA 46, CACO 2, and Colo 201 each contained single-base missense mutations (codons 33, 183, 245, and 287, respectively). All 23 cell lines had full-length beta-catenin protein that was detectable by Western blotting and that coprecipitated with E-cadherin. In three of the cell lines with CTNNB1 mutations, complexes of beta-catenin with alpha-catenin and APC were detectable. In SW48 and HCA 46, however, we did not detect complexes of beta-catenin protein with alpha-catenin and APC, respectively. These results show that selection of CTNNB1 mutations occurs in up to 26% of colorectal cancers from which cell lines are derived. In these cases, mutation selection is probably for altered beta-catenin function, which may significantly alter intracellular signaling and intercellular adhesion and may serve as a complement to APC mutations in the early stages of tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ilyas
- Cancer Genetics and Immunology Laboratory, Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom.
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