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Zhao Y, Zheng Y, Fu J, Zhang J, Shao H, Liu S, Lai J, Zhou X, Liang R, Jia L, Cui W, Yang J, Wu C, Wang L. KDM1A, a potent and selective target, for the treatment of DNMT3A-deficient non-small cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer 2024; 131:655-667. [PMID: 38951697 PMCID: PMC11333618 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02772-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNMT3A is a crucial epigenetic regulation enzyme. However, due to its heterogeneous nature and frequent mutation in various cancers, the role of DNMT3A remains controversial. Here, we determine the role of DNMT3A in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to identify potential treatment strategies. METHODS To investigate the role of loss-of-function mutations of DNMT3A in NSCLC, CRISPR/Cas9 was used to induce DNMT3A-inactivating mutations. Epigenetic inhibitor library was screened to find the synthetic lethal partner of DNMT3A. Both pharmacological inhibitors and gene manipulation were used to evaluate the synthetic lethal efficacy of DNMT3A/KDM1A in vitro and in vivo. Lastly, MS-PCR, ChIP-qPCR, dual luciferase reporter gene assay and clinical sample analysis were applied to elucidate the regulation mechanism of synthetic lethal interaction. RESULTS We identified DNMT3A is a tumour suppressor gene in NSCLC and KDM1A as a synthetic lethal partner of DNMT3A deletion. Both chemical KDM1A inhibitors and gene manipulation can selectively reduce the viability of DNMT3A-KO cells through inducing cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. We clarified that the synthetic lethality is not only limited to the death mode, but also involved into tumour metastasis. Mechanistically, DNMT3A deficiency induces KDM1A upregulation through reducing the methylation status of the KDM1A promoter and analysis of clinical samples indicated that DNMT3A expression was negatively correlated with KDM1A level. CONCLUSION Our results provide new insight into the role of DNMT3A in NSCLC and elucidate the mechanism of synthetic lethal interaction between KDM1A and DNMT3A, which might represent a promising approach for treating patients with DNMT3A-deficient tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxi Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yonghao Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jinjiang Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Hui Shao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Shougeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jiacheng Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xue Zhou
- School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Ruijuan Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Lina Jia
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jingyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Chunfu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Lihui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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Wu J, Tan S, Zhou Y, Zhao H, Yu H, Zhong B, Yu C, Wang H, Yang Y, Li H, Li Y. Clinical and gonadal transcriptome analysis of 38,XX disorder of sex development pigs†. Biol Reprod 2024; 111:212-226. [PMID: 38531779 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioae046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pigs serve as a robust animal model for the study of human diseases, notably in the context of disorders of sex development (DSD). This study aims to investigate the phenotypic characteristics and molecular mechanisms underlying the reproductive and developmental abnormalities of 38,XX ovotestis-DSD (OT-DSD) and 38,XX testis-DSD (T-DSD) in pigs. Clinical and transcriptome sequencing analyses were performed on DSD and normal female pigs. Cytogenetic and SRY analyses confirmed that OT/T-DSD pigs exhibited a 38,XX karyotype and lacked the SRY gene. The DSD pigs had higher levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and progesterone, but lower testosterone levels when compared with normal male pigs. The reproductive organs of OT/T-DSD pigs exhibit abnormal development, displaying both male and female characteristics, with an absence of germ cells in the seminiferous tubules. Sex determination and development-related differentially expressed genes shared between DSD pigs were identified in the gonads, including WT1, DKK1, CTNNB1, WTN9B, SHOC, PTPN11, NRG1, and NXK3-1. DKK1 is proposed as a candidate gene for investigating the regulatory mechanisms underlying gonadal phenotypic differences between OT-DSD and T-DSD pigs. Consequently, our findings provide insights into the molecular pathogenesis of DSD pigs and present an animal model for studying into DSD in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Shuwen Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- College of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Haiquan Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Hui Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Bingzhou Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Congying Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Haoming Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yin Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Hua Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yugu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Wadapurkar RM, Sivaram A, Vyas R. Computational investigations into structure and function impact of novel mutations identified in targeted exons from ovarian cancer cell lines. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38334284 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2310776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The lack of sensitive and specific biomarkers for ovarian cancer leads to late stage diagnosis of the disease in a majority of the cases. Mutation accumulation is the basis for cancer progression, thus identifying mutations is an important step in the disease diagnosis. In the present study, a comprehensive analysis of fifteen Next Generation Sequencing samples from thirteen ovarian cancer cell lines was carried out for the identification of new mutations. The study revealed eight clinically significant novel mutations in six ovarian cancer oncogenes, viz. SMARCA4, ARID1A, PPP2R1A, CTNNB1, DICER1 and PIK3CA. In-depth computational analysis revealed that the mutations affected the structure of the proteins in terms of stability, solvent accessible surface area and molecular dynamics. Moreover, the mutations were present in functionally significant domains of the proteins, thereby adversely affecting the protein functionality. PPI network for SMARCA4, CTNNB1, DICER1, PIK3CA, PPP2R1A and ARID1A showed that these genes were involved in certain significant pathways affecting various hallmarks of cancer. For further validation, in vitro studies were performed that revealed hypermutability of the CTNNB1 gene. Through this study we have identified some key mutations and have analysed their structural and functional impact. The study establishes some key mutations, which can be potentially explored as biomarker and drug target.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rucha M Wadapurkar
- MIT School of Bioengineering Sciences & Research, MIT-ADT University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Aruna Sivaram
- MIT School of Bioengineering Sciences & Research, MIT-ADT University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Renu Vyas
- MIT School of Bioengineering Sciences & Research, MIT-ADT University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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4
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Liu T, Fan MQ, Xie XX, Shu QP, Du XH, Qi LZ, Zhang XD, Zhang MH, Shan G, Du RL, Li SZ. Activation of CTNNB1 by deubiquitinase UCHL3-mediated stabilization facilitates bladder cancer progression. J Transl Med 2023; 21:656. [PMID: 37740194 PMCID: PMC10517567 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04311-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The catenin beta 1 gene (CTNNB1) plays a crucial role in the malignant progression of various cancers. Recent studies have suggested that CTNNB1 hyperactivation is closely related to the occurrence and development of bladder cancer (BCa). As a member of the deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) family, ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L3 (UCHL3) is abnormally expressed in various cancers. In this study, we discovered that UCHL3 is a novel oncogene in bladder cancer, suggesting it is a promising target against bladder cancer. METHODS We utilized CRISPR‒Cas9 technology to construct cell lines with UCHL3 stably overexpressed or knocked out. The successful overexpression or knockout of UCHL3 was determined using Western blotting. Then, we performed CCK-8, colony formation, soft agar and Transwell migration assays to determine the impact of the UCHL3 gene on cell phenotype. RNA-seq was performed with UCHL3-depleted T24 cells (established via CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genomic editing). We analyzed differences in WNT pathway gene expression in wild-type and UCHL3-deficient T24 cell lines using a heatmap and by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Then, we validated the effect of UCHL3 on the Wnt pathway using a dual fluorescence reporter. We then analyzed the underlying mechanisms involved using Western blots, co-IP, and immunofluorescence results. We also conducted nude mouse tumor formation experiments. Moreover, conditional UCHL3-knockout mice and bladder cancer model mice were established for research. RESULTS We found that the overexpression of UCHL3 boosted bladder cancer cell proliferation, invasion and migration, while the depletion of UCHL3 in bladder cancer cells delayed tumor tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. UCHL3 was highly associated with the Wnt signaling pathway and triggered the activation of the Wnt signaling pathway, which showed that its functions depend on its deubiquitination activity. Notably, Uchl3-deficient mice were less susceptible to bladder tumorigenesis. Additionally, UCHL3 was highly expressed in bladder cancer cells and associated with indicators of advanced clinicopathology. CONCLUSION In summary, we found that UCHL3 is amplified in bladder cancer and functions as a tumor promoter that enhances proliferation and migration of tumor cells in vitro and bladder tumorigenesis and progression in vivo. Furthermore, we revealed that UCHL3 stabilizes CTNNB1 expression, resulting in the activation of the oncogenic Wnt signaling pathway. Therefore, our findings strongly suggest that UCHL3 is a promising therapeutic target for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Meng-Qi Fan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Xie
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Qi-Peng Shu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Xue-Hua Du
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Lin-Zhi Qi
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Ming-Hui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Guang Shan
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Run-Lei Du
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China.
| | - Shang-Ze Li
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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Chibbar R, Foerstner S, Suresh J, Chibbar R, Piche A, Kundapur D, Kanthan R, Kundapur V, Lee CH, Agrawal A, Lai R. Estrogen/Progesterone Receptor Loss, CTNNB1 and KRAS Mutations Are Associated With Local Recurrence or Distant Metastasis in Low-Grade Endometrial Endometrioid Carcinoma. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2023; 31:181-188. [PMID: 36695555 PMCID: PMC9988232 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000001102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A subset of endometrial endometrioid carcinomas (EECs) with low-grade histology recur with poor outcomes. Published evidence suggests that poor outcomes may be associated with loss of expression of ER-alpha (ER-α) as well as with β-Catenin-1 ( CTNNB1 ) and Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog ( KRAS ) mutations. This study reports on institutional experience with the incidence of recurrence in low-grade EEC and their association with CTNNB1 and KRAS mutations as well as estrogen/progesterone receptor (ER/PR) expression. Forty-eight (8.5%) out of 568 cases of low-grade EEC with biopsy-proven recurrence were identified; and were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for ER, PR, p53, MMR protein, and mutation analysis for exon 3 of the CTNNB1 and exon 2 of KRAS in relation to recurrence type, local or distant metastasis/recurrence. Twenty-three patients (4%) developed local, and 25 patients (4.4%) developed distant metastases/recurrence. Decreased expression or loss of ER/PR was found in 17/44 (38.6%) patients with recurrence. Eighty-four percent of patients with low-grade EEC and local recurrence had CTNNB1 mutations. Seventy-three percent of patients with distant metastasis/recurrence had KRAS mutations. The association of these mutations with the type of recurrence was statistically significant for both. Five cases with the morphology of low-grade EEC were reclassified as mesonephric-like carcinoma and were universally characterized by distant metastasis/recurrence, loss of ER/PR expression, large tumor size, absence of CTNNB1 mutations, and the presence of KRAS mutations. In low-grade EEC, CTNNB1 and KRAS mutations are associated with local recurrence and distant metastasis/recurrence, respectively, suggesting that these 2 different progression types may be conditioned by tumor genotype. ER/PR immunohistochemistry may be helpful in identifying poor performers in low-grade EEC. Furthermore, identification of the decreased expression or loss of ER/PR in tumors with low-grade histology should prompt consideration of mesonephric-like carcinoma, which is a more aggressive tumor than the low-grade EEC. KRAS mutations were associated with distant metastasis/recurrence in tumors with and without mesonephric-like phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajni Chibbar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK
| | - Sabrina Foerstner
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - Janarathnee Suresh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK
| | | | - Alexandre Piche
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK
| | | | - Rani Kanthan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK
| | | | - Cheng Han Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - Anita Agrawal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON
| | - Raymond Lai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
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Navaridas R, Vidal-Sabanés M, Ruiz-Mitjana A, Perramon-Güell A, Megino-Luque C, Llobet-Navas D, Matias-Guiu X, Egea J, Encinas M, Bardia L, Colombelli J, Dolcet X. Transient and DNA-free in vivo CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing for flexible modeling of endometrial carcinogenesis. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2023; 43:620-624. [PMID: 36762520 PMCID: PMC10174088 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Navaridas
- Oncological Pathology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lleida, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Maria Vidal-Sabanés
- Oncological Pathology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lleida, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Anna Ruiz-Mitjana
- Oncological Pathology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lleida, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Aida Perramon-Güell
- Oncological Pathology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lleida, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Cristina Megino-Luque
- Oncological Pathology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lleida, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - David Llobet-Navas
- Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology-Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, 'L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Cancer Networking Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Department of Pathology, Bellvitge Hospital, University of Barcelona, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Arnau de Vilanova Hospital, University of Lleida, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.,Cancer Networking Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquim Egea
- Molecular Developmental Neurobiology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lleida, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Mario Encinas
- Developmental and Oncogenic Signalling Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Lídia Bardia
- Advanced Digital Microscopy Core Facility, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julien Colombelli
- Advanced Digital Microscopy Core Facility, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Oncological Pathology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lleida, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
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7
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Weimer J, Hüttmann M, Nusilati A, Andreas S, Röseler J, Tribian N, Rogmans C, Stope MB, Dahl E, Mustea A, Stickeler E, Hedemann N, Flörkemeier I, Tiemann K, Magadeeva S, Dempfle A, Arnold N, Maass N, Bauerschlag D. Fluorescence in situ hybridization test for detection of endometrial carcinoma cells by non-invasive vaginal swab. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:379-391. [PMID: 36625073 PMCID: PMC9889703 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynaecological malignancy with increasing incidence in developed countries. As gold standard, hysteroscopy confirms only 30% of suspected ECs. The detection of EC cells in the vagina by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) after a smear test could reduce invasive procedures in the future. Using array-based comparative genome hybridization (aCGH) on 65 endometrial carcinomas, most frequently imbalanced regions of the tumour genome were identified. Bacterial artificial chromosomes were used to generate FISH-probes homologue to these human regions. The FISH test was hybridized on swabs specimens collected from the vaginal cavity. Samples from six patients without EC were selected as a negative control and on 13 patients with known EC as a positive control. To distinguish between benign and EC cases, the cut-off value has been defined. A first validation of this EC-FISH Test was performed with swabs from 41 patients with suspected EC. The most common genomic imbalances in EC are around the CTNNB1, FBXW7 and APC genes. The cut-off is defined at 32% of analysed cells without diploid signal pattern. This differs significantly between the positive and negative controls (p < 0.001). In a first validation cohort of 41 patients with suspected EC, the EC-FISH Test distinguishes patients with and without EC with a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 83%. The negative predictive value is 96%. This is the first report of a non-invasive EC-FISH Test to predict EC in women with suspected EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Weimer
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsChristian‐Albrechts‐University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig‐Holstein Campus KielKielGermany
| | - Martje Hüttmann
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsChristian‐Albrechts‐University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig‐Holstein Campus KielKielGermany
| | - Asiyan Nusilati
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsChristian‐Albrechts‐University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig‐Holstein Campus KielKielGermany
| | - Svenja Andreas
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsChristian‐Albrechts‐University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig‐Holstein Campus KielKielGermany
| | - Jona Röseler
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsChristian‐Albrechts‐University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig‐Holstein Campus KielKielGermany
| | - Nils Tribian
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsChristian‐Albrechts‐University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig‐Holstein Campus KielKielGermany
| | - Christoph Rogmans
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsChristian‐Albrechts‐University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig‐Holstein Campus KielKielGermany
| | | | - Edgar Dahl
- Institute of PathologyMedical Faculty of RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Alexander Mustea
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological OncologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Elmar Stickeler
- Department of GynecologyUniversity Medical Center RWTH AachenAachenGermany
| | - Nina Hedemann
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsChristian‐Albrechts‐University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig‐Holstein Campus KielKielGermany
| | - Inken Flörkemeier
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsChristian‐Albrechts‐University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig‐Holstein Campus KielKielGermany
| | | | - Svetlana Magadeeva
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsChristian‐Albrechts‐University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig‐Holstein Campus KielKielGermany
| | - Astrid Dempfle
- Institute of Medical Informatics and StatisticsKiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig‐Holstein Campus KielKielGermany
| | - Norbert Arnold
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsChristian‐Albrechts‐University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig‐Holstein Campus KielKielGermany
| | - Nicolai Maass
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsChristian‐Albrechts‐University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig‐Holstein Campus KielKielGermany
| | - Dirk Bauerschlag
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsChristian‐Albrechts‐University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig‐Holstein Campus KielKielGermany
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8
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Kobayashi R, Kawabata‐Iwakawa R, Sugiyama M, Oyama T, Ohtsuka M, Horii T, Morita S, Nishiyama M, Hatada I. Multiplexed genome editing by in vivo electroporation of Cas9 ribonucleoproteins effectively induces endometrial carcinoma in mice. Int J Cancer 2022; 152:2331-2337. [PMID: 36378073 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Synergistic effects among multiple gene mutations are involved in cancer development and progression. However, developing genetically modified mouse models to analyze various combinations of mutations is extremely labor-intensive and time-consuming. To address these problems, we developed a novel method for in vivo multiplexed genome editing of the murine uterus to model human endometrial carcinoma (EMC). To do this, we injected a CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complex into the uterine cavity of adult female mice, followed by electroporation. Evaluation of reporter mice demonstrated that genome editing occurred specifically in uterine epithelial cells, which are the origin of EMCs. Simultaneous targeting of Pten/Trp53/Lkb1, or targeting of Pten/Lkb1 along with the Ctnnb1ΔEx3 mutation, resulted in efficient generation of invasive tumors in wild-type females within 3 months. This novel method will enable rapid and easy validation of many combinations of gene mutations that lead to endometrial carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Biosignal Genome Resource Center Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University Gunma Japan
| | - Reika Kawabata‐Iwakawa
- Division of Integrated Oncology Research Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR) Gunma Japan
| | - Makoto Sugiyama
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Kitasato University School of Veterinary Medicine Aomori Japan
| | - Tetsunari Oyama
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine Gunma Japan
| | - Masato Ohtsuka
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine Tokai University School of Medicine Isehara Kanagawa Japan
- The Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokai University Isehara Kanagawa Japan
| | - Takuro Horii
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Biosignal Genome Resource Center Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University Gunma Japan
| | - Sumiyo Morita
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Biosignal Genome Resource Center Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University Gunma Japan
| | - Masahiko Nishiyama
- Division of Integrated Oncology Research Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR) Gunma Japan
| | - Izuho Hatada
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Biosignal Genome Resource Center Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University Gunma Japan
- Viral Vector Core Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR) Gunma Japan
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Choi J, Holowatyj AN, Du M, Chen Z, Wen W, Schultz N, Lipworth L, Guo X. Distinct Genomic Landscapes in Early-Onset and Late-Onset Endometrial Cancer. JCO Precis Oncol 2022; 6:e2100401. [PMID: 35108035 PMCID: PMC8820918 DOI: 10.1200/po.21.00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The spectrum of somatic mutations among women with endometrial cancer (EC) younger than 50 years (early-onset EC) remains unknown. We investigated distinct somatic mutation patterns among early-onset and late-onset (age ≥ 50 years) EC patients. METHODS This cohort study included individuals age 18+ years diagnosed with pathologically confirmed EC in the American Association of Cancer Research (AACR) Genomics Evidence Neoplasia Information Exchange (GENIE, v9.1) consortium. We explored tumor mutational burden (TMB) and genomic patterns of EC by age at clinical sequencing using multivariable regression models adjusted for race, ethnicity, histology, sequencing assay, sample type, and TMB. RESULTS Among 2,425 women with EC, 176 (7.3%) had early-onset EC and 1,923 (79.3%) had nonhypermutated (< 17.78 mutations/Mb) tumors. TMB significantly differed across age and histology groups. Among nonhypermutated ECs, early-onset patients had significantly lower odds of presenting with nonsilent FGFR2 and PIK3R1 somatic mutations compared with late-onset EC patients in adjusted models (FGFR2: odds ratio [OR] = 0.18, 95% CI, 0.04 to 0.76; PIK3R1: OR = 0.54, 95% CI, 0.31 to 0.92). By contrast, early-onset EC patients had increased odds of presenting with nonsilent CTNNB1 and BRCA2 mutations compared with late-onset patients (CTNNB1: OR = 3.32, 95% CI, 2.14 to 5.16; BRCA2: OR = 4.01, 95% CI, 1.55 to 10.38). Subsequent analyses stratified by race, ethnicity, and tumor histology identified distinct patterns of APC, KMT2D, KMT2C, and KRAS by race, ethnicity, and PTEN and APC patterns by histologic subtypes. CONCLUSION Early-onset EC harbors a unique genomic landscape compared with late-onset disease. A distinct molecular phenotype of early-onset EC provides novel insights into a unique etiology and may yield clinical implications for developing targeted treatment modalities for younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungyoon Choi
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Andreana N. Holowatyj
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Mengmeng Du
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Zhishan Chen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Nikolaus Schultz
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Loren Lipworth
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Xingyi Guo
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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10
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Lin J, Guan L, Ge L, Liu G, Bai Y, Liu X. Nanopore-based full-length transcriptome sequencing of Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) ovary. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101246. [PMID: 34198095 PMCID: PMC8253917 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike mammals, studies on mechanisms that regulate waterfowl ovulation have been rarely reported. To advance our understanding of the ovulation differences in Muscovy duck, we utilized the Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) to generate transcriptome data from 3 groups of female duck ovaries with ovulation differences (i.e., preovulation [PO], consecutive ovulation [CO], and inconsecutive ovulation [IO]). In this study, the full-length transcriptome data qualitative analysis showed that a total of 24,504 nonredundant full-length transcripts were generated, 19,060 new transcripts were discovered and 14,848 novel transcripts were successfully annotated. For the quantitative analysis, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the 3 groups were identified and functional properties were characterized. CTNNB1, IGF1, FOXO3, HSPA2, PTEN and SMC4 may be potential hub genes that regulate ovulation. Adhesion-related pathway, mTOR pathway, TGF-β signaling pathway and FoxO signaling pathway have been considered as important pathways that affect follicular development and ovulation. These results provide a more complete data source of full-length transcriptome for the further study of gene expression and genetics in Muscovy duck. The hub genes and potential mechanisms that affect the ovulation of Muscovy duck have been screened out to provide a scientific basis for breeding work to improve the reproduction performance of Muscovy duck.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyuan Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Linfei Guan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liyan Ge
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guangyu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yujie Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
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11
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Tailored Therapy Based on Molecular Characteristics in Endometrial Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:2068023. [PMID: 34036097 PMCID: PMC8118729 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2068023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Management of endometrial cancer, an adenocarcinoma of the endometrium which occupies most uterine corpus neoplasms, including uterine sarcomas, has been more relevant due to its increasing incidence. Extensive research on tumorigenesis molecular mechanisms and molecular characterization across cancers has brought paradigm shifts in the treatment of various malignant tumors. Endometrial cancer treatment has been traditionally guided according to the disease extent or histology types, while recent studies on molecular features have led to the introduction of targeted agents into clinical use, along with conventional chemotherapeutic agents in patients with recurrent or metastatic disease. Considering the proven efficacy and relatively tolerable toxicities of targeted therapies across malignant tumors, improvement of treatment outcomes is also expected in endometrial cancer by adopting an individualized therapy depending on the specific molecular features. Efficacy assessment of new biological agents is still ongoing based on previous preclinical data on endometrial cancer molecular features. Here, endometrial cancer molecular characterization will be reviewed, and then, we will introduce preclinical data, directing the adoption of new biological agents.
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12
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Perrone MG, Luisi O, De Grassi A, Ferorelli S, Cormio G, Scilimati A. Translational Theragnosis of Ovarian Cancer: where do we stand? Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:5675-5715. [PMID: 31419925 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190816232330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer is the second most common gynecologic malignancy, accounting for approximately 220,000 deaths annually worldwide. Despite radical surgery and initial high response rates to platinum- and taxane-based chemotherapy, most patients experience a relapse, with a median progression-free survival of only 18 months. Overall survival is approximately 30% at 5 years from the diagnosis. In comparison, patients out from breast cancer are more than 80 % after ten years from the disease discovery. In spite of a large number of published fundamental and applied research, and clinical trials, novel therapies are urgently needed to improve outcomes of the ovarian cancer. The success of new drugs development in ovarian cancer will strongly depend on both fully genomic disease characterization and, then, availability of biomarkers able to identify women likely to benefit from a given new therapy. METHODS In this review, the focus is given to describe how complex is the diseases under the simple name of ovarian cancer, in terms of cell tumor types, histotypes, subtypes, and specific gene mutation or differently expressed in the tumor with respect the healthy ovary. The first- and second-line pharmacological treatment clinically used over the last fifty years are also described. Noteworthy achievements in vitro and in vivo tested new drugs are also summarized. Recent literature related to up to date ovarian cancer knowledge, its detection by biomarkers and chemotherapy was searched from several articles on Pubmed, Google Scholar, MEDLINE and various Governmental Agencies till April 2019. RESULTS The papers referenced by this review allow a deep analysis of status of the art in the classification of the several types of ovarian cancer, the present knowledge of diagnosis based on biomarkers and imaging techniques, and the therapies developed over the past five decades. CONCLUSION This review aims at stimulating more multi-disciplinary efforts to identify a panel of novel and more specific biomarkers to be used to screen patients for a very early diagnosis, to have prognosis and therapy efficacy indications. The desired final goal would be to have available tools allowing to reduce the recurrence rate, increase both the disease progression free interval and of course the overall survival at five years from the diagnosis that today is still very low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Perrone
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Oreste Luisi
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Anna De Grassi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "A. Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Savina Ferorelli
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Gennaro Cormio
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Oncologico "Giovanni Paolo II" Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Scilimati
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
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13
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SIX1 cooperates with RUNX1 and SMAD4 in cell fate commitment of Müllerian duct epithelium. Cell Death Differ 2020; 27:3307-3320. [PMID: 32572167 PMCID: PMC7852590 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-0579-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
During female mammal reproductive tract development, epithelial cells of the lower Müllerian duct are committed to become stratified squamous epithelium of the vagina and ectocervix, when the expression of ΔNp63 transcription factor is induced by mesenchymal cells. The absence of ΔNp63 expression leads to adenosis, the putative precursor of vaginal adenocarcinoma. Our previous studies with genetically engineered mouse models have established that fibroblast growth factor (FGF)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)/SMAD, and activin A/runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) signaling pathways are independently required for ΔNp63 expression in Müllerian duct epithelium (MDE). Here, we report that sine oculis homeobox homolog 1 (SIX1) plays a critical role in the activation of ΔNp63 locus in MDE as a downstream transcription factor of mesenchymal signals. In the developing mouse reproductive tract, SIX1 expression was restricted to MDE within the future cervix and vagina. SIX1 expression was totally absent in SMAD4 null MDE and was reduced in RUNX1 null and FGFR2 null MDE, indicating that SIX1 is under the control of vaginal mesenchymal factors: BMP4, activin A and FGF7/10. Furthermore, Six1, Runx1, and Smad4 gene-dose-dependently activated ΔNp63 expression in MDE within the vaginal fornix. Using a mouse model of diethylstilbestrol (DES)-associated vaginal adenosis, we found DES action through epithelial estrogen receptor α (ESR1) inhibits activation of ΔNp63 locus in MDE by transcriptionally repressing SIX1 and RUNX1 in the vaginal fornix.
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14
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Russo M, Newell JM, Budurlean L, Houser KR, Sheldon K, Kesterson J, Phaeton R, Hossler C, Rosenberg J, DeGraff D, Shuman L, Broach JR, Warrick JI. Mutational profile of endometrial hyperplasia and risk of progression to endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Cancer 2020; 126:2775-2783. [PMID: 32187665 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.32822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometrial hyperplasia is a precursor to endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EMC), the most common uterine cancer. The likelihood of progression to carcinoma may be evaluated by histologic subclassification of endometrial hyperplasia, although these subclasses are subjective and only modestly reproducible among pathologists. Patient care would be improved by a more objective test to predict the risk of cancer progression. METHODS Next-generation sequencing was performed on archived endometrial biopsy specimens from a retrospective cohort of women with endometrial hyperplasia. Cases were considered to be either progressing if the patient subsequently developed EMC or resolving if the patient had a subsequent negative tissue sampling or no cancer during medium-term follow-up (32 patients: 15 progressing and 17 resolving). Somatic mutations in endometrial hyperplasia were assessed for enrichment in progressing cases versus resolving cases, with an emphasis on genes commonly mutated in EMC. RESULTS Several mutations were more common in progressing hyperplasia than resolving hyperplasia, although significant overlap was observed between progressing and resolving cases. Mutations included those in PTEN, PIK3CA, and FGFR2, genes commonly mutated in EMC. Mutations in ARID1A and MYC were seen only in progressing hyperplasia, although these were uncommon; this limited diagnostic sensitivity. Progressing hyperplasia demonstrated an accumulation of mutations in oncogenic signaling pathways similarly to endometrial carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS Because of mutational differences between progressing and nonprogressing hyperplasia, mutational analysis may predict the risk of progression from endometrial hyperplasia to EMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Russo
- Department of Biochemistry, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health, Hershey, Pennsylvania.,Institute for Personalized Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Jordan M Newell
- Department of Pathology, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Laura Budurlean
- Department of Biochemistry, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health, Hershey, Pennsylvania.,Institute for Personalized Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Kenneth R Houser
- Department of Biochemistry, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health, Hershey, Pennsylvania.,Institute for Personalized Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Kathryn Sheldon
- Department of Biochemistry, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health, Hershey, Pennsylvania.,Institute for Personalized Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Joshua Kesterson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Rebecca Phaeton
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Carrie Hossler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Jennifer Rosenberg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - David DeGraff
- Department of Pathology, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Lauren Shuman
- Department of Pathology, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - James R Broach
- Department of Biochemistry, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health, Hershey, Pennsylvania.,Institute for Personalized Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Joshua I Warrick
- Department of Pathology, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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15
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Liu G, Ruan G, Huang M, Chen L, Sun P. Genome-wide DNA copy number profiling and bioinformatics analysis of ovarian cancer reveals key genes and pathways associated with distinct invasive/migratory capabilities. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:178-192. [PMID: 31895688 PMCID: PMC6977652 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) metastasis presents major hurdles that must be overcome to improve patient outcomes. Recent studies have demonstrated copy number variations (CNVs) frequently contribute to alterations in oncogenic drivers. The present study used a CytoScan HD Array to analyse CNVs and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in the entire genomes of 6 OC patients and human OC cell lines to determine the genetic target events leading to the distinct invasive/migratory capacities of OC. The results showed that LOH at Xq11.1 and Xp21.1 and gains at 8q21.13 were novel, specific CNVs. Ovarian cancer-related CNVs were then screened by bioinformatics analysis. In addition, transcription factors-target gene interactions were predicted with information from PASTAA analysis. As a result, six genes (i.e., GAB2, AKT1, EGFR, COL6A3, UGT1A1 and UGT1A8) were identified as strong candidates by integrating the above data with gene expression and clinical outcome data. In the transcriptional regulatory network, 4 known cancer-related transcription factors (TFs) interacted with 6 CNV-driven genes. The protein/DNA arrays revealed 3 of these 4 TFs as potential candidate gene-related transcription factors in OC. We then demonstrated that these six genes can serve as potential biomarkers for OC. Further studies are required to elucidate the pathogenesis of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- GuiFen Liu
- Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - GuanYu Ruan
- Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - MeiMei Huang
- Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - LiLi Chen
- Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - PengMing Sun
- Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China.,Department of Gynaecology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
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16
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Abstract
Endometrial cancer accounts for ~76,000 deaths among women each year worldwide. Disease mortality and the increasing number of new diagnoses make endometrial cancer an important consideration in women's health, particularly in industrialized countries, where the incidence of this tumour type is highest. Most endometrial cancers are carcinomas, with the remainder being sarcomas. Endometrial carcinomas can be classified into several histological subtypes, including endometrioid, serous and clear cell carcinomas. Histological subtyping is currently used routinely to guide prognosis and treatment decisions for endometrial cancer patients, while ongoing studies are evaluating the potential clinical utility of molecular subtyping. In this Review, we summarize the overarching molecular features of endometrial cancers and highlight recent studies assessing the potential clinical utility of specific molecular features for early detection, disease risk stratification and directing targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ellen Urick
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daphne W Bell
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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