1
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Li Y, Sun B, Liu C, Zhao Z, Ning H, Zhang P, Li F, Sun L, Li F. Promoting Water Oxidation by Proton Acceptable Groups Surrounding Catalyst on Electrode Surface. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024:e202400735. [PMID: 38771427 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202400735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Large-scale hydrogen production through water splitting represents an optimal approach for storing sustainable but intermittent energy sources. However, water oxidation, a complex and sluggish reaction, poses a significant bottleneck for water splitting efficiency. The impact of outer chemical environments on the reaction kinetics of water oxidation catalytic centers remains unexplored. Herein, chemical environment impacts were integrated by featuring methylpyridinium cation group (Py+) around the classic Ru(bpy)(tpy) (bpy=2,2'-bipyridine, tpy=2,2' : 6',2''-terpyridine) water oxidation catalyst on the electrode surface via electrochemical co-polymerization. The presence of Py+ groups could significantly enhance the turnover frequencies of Ru(bpy)(tpy), surpassing the performance of typical proton acceptors such as pyridine and benzoic acid anchored around the catalyst. Mechanistic investigations reveal that the flexible internal proton acceptor anions induced by Py+ around Ru(bpy)(tpy) are more effective than conventionally anchored proton acceptors, which promoted the rate-determining proton transfer process and enhanced the rate of water nucleophilic attack during O-O bond formation. This study may provide a novel perspective on achieving efficient water oxidation systems by integrating cations into the outer chemical environments of catalytic centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Bin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Ziqi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Hongxia Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Peili Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Licheng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels, School of Science, Westlake University, 310024, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fusheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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2
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Calvani D, Louwersheimer R, Buda F. Effect of Anchoring Dynamics on Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer in the Ru(bda) Coordination Oligomer on a Graphitic Surface. Chempluschem 2024:e202400082. [PMID: 38625893 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
The oligomeric ruthenium-based water oxidation catalyst, Ru(bda), is known to be experimentally anchored on graphitic surfaces through CH-π stacking interactions between the auxiliary bda ([2,2'-bipyridine]-6,6'-dicarboxylate) ligand bonded to ruthenium and the hexagonal rings of the surface. This anchoring provides control over their molecular coverage and enables efficient catalysis of water oxidation to dioxygen. The oligomeric nature of the molecule offers multiple anchoring sites at the surface, greatly enhancing the overall stability of the hybrid catalyst-graphitic surface anode through dynamic bonding. However, the impact of this dynamic anchoring on the overall catalytic mechanism is still a topic of debate. In this study, a crucial proton-coupled electron transfer event in the catalytic cycle is investigated using DFT-based molecular dynamics simulations plus metadynamics. The CH-π stacking anchoring plays a critical role not only in stabilizing this hybrid system but also in facilitating the proton-coupled electron transfer event with possible vibronic couplings between the anchoring bonds motion and charge fluctuations at the catalyst - graphitic surface interface. Furthermore, this computational investigation displays the presence of a quartet spin state intermediate that can lead to the experimentally observed and thermodynamically more stable doublet spin state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Calvani
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, PO Box 9502, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rick Louwersheimer
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, PO Box 9502, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco Buda
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, PO Box 9502, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
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3
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Barman K, Askarova G, Jia R, Hu G, Mirkin MV. Efficient Voltage-Driven Oxidation of Water and Alcohols by an Organic Molecular Catalyst Directly Attached to a Carbon Electrode. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:5786-5794. [PMID: 36862809 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
The integration of heterogeneous electrocatalysis and molecular catalysis is a promising approach to designing new catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and other processes. We recently showed that the electrostatic potential drop across the double layer contributes to the driving force for electron transfer between a dissolved reactant and a molecular catalyst immobilized directly on the electrode surface. Here, we report high current densities and low onset potentials for water oxidation attained using a metal-free voltage-assisted molecular catalyst (TEMPO). Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) was used to analyze the products and determine faradic efficiencies for the generation of H2O2 and O2. The same catalyst was employed for efficient oxidations of butanol, ethanol, glycerol, and H2O2. DFT calculations show that the applied voltage alters the electrostatic potential drop between TEMPO and the reactant as well as chemical bonding between them, thereby increasing the reaction rate. These results suggest a new route for designing next-generation hybrid molecular/electrocatalysts for OER and alcohol oxidations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koushik Barman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College-CUNY, Flushing, New York 11367, United States
| | - Gaukhar Askarova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College-CUNY, Flushing, New York 11367, United States.,The Graduate Center of CUNY, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Rui Jia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College-CUNY, Flushing, New York 11367, United States.,The Graduate Center of CUNY, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Guoxiang Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College-CUNY, Flushing, New York 11367, United States.,The Graduate Center of CUNY, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Michael V Mirkin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College-CUNY, Flushing, New York 11367, United States.,Advanced Science Research Center at The Graduate Center, CUNY, New York, New York 10031, United States
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4
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Badiei YM, Annon O, Maldonado C, Delgado E, Nguyen C, Rivera C, Li C, Ortega AF. Single‐Site Molecular Ruthenium(II) Water‐Oxidation Catalysts Grafted into a Polymer‐Modified Surface for Improved Stability and Efficiency. ChemElectroChem 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202300028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yosra M. Badiei
- Department of Chemistry Saint Peter's University 07306 Jersey City New Jersey USA
| | - Oshane Annon
- Department of Chemistry Saint Peter's University 07306 Jersey City New Jersey USA
| | - Christina Maldonado
- Department of Chemistry Saint Peter's University 07306 Jersey City New Jersey USA
| | - Emily Delgado
- Department of Chemistry Saint Peter's University 07306 Jersey City New Jersey USA
| | - Caroline Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry Saint Peter's University 07306 Jersey City New Jersey USA
| | - Christina Rivera
- Department of Chemistry Saint Peter's University 07306 Jersey City New Jersey USA
| | - Clive Li
- Department of STEM Hudson County Community College 07306 Jersey City NJ USA
| | - Abril Flores Ortega
- Department of Chemistry Saint Peter's University 07306 Jersey City New Jersey USA
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5
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Niu F, Wang D, Williams LJ, Nayak A, Li F, Chen X, Troian-Gautier L, Huang Q, Liu Y, Brennaman MK, Papanikolas JM, Guo L, Shen S, Meyer TJ. A Semiconductor-Mediator-Catalyst Artificial Photosynthetic System for Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202102630. [PMID: 35113460 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In fabricating an artificial photosynthesis (AP) electrode for water oxidation, we have devised a semiconductor-mediator-catalyst structure that mimics photosystem II (PSII). It is based on a surface layer of vertically grown nanorods of Fe2 O3 on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) electrodes with a carbazole mediator base and a Ru(II) carbene complex on a nanolayer of TiO2 as a water oxidation co-catalyst. The resulting hybrid assembly, FTO|Fe2 O3 |-carbazole|TiO2 |-Ru(carbene), demonstrates an enhanced photoelectrochemical (PEC) water oxidation performance compared to an electrode without the added carbaozle base with an increase in photocurrent density of 2.2-fold at 0.95 V vs. NHE and a negatively shifted onset potential of 500 mV. The enhanced PEC performance is attributable to carbazole mediator accelerated interfacial hole transfer from Fe2 O3 to the Ru(II) carbene co-catalyst, with an improved effective surface area for the water oxidation reaction and reduced charge transfer resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujun Niu
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE) State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MFPE), Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), 28 West Xianning Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States
| | - Degao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States.,Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Ningbo Institute of Industrial Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Lenzi J Williams
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States
| | - Animesh Nayak
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States
| | - Xiangyan Chen
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE) State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MFPE), Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), 28 West Xianning Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Ludovic Troian-Gautier
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States
| | - Qing Huang
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Ningbo Institute of Industrial Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Yanming Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States
| | - M Kyle Brennaman
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States
| | - John M Papanikolas
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States
| | - Liejin Guo
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE) State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MFPE), Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), 28 West Xianning Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Shaohua Shen
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE) State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MFPE), Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), 28 West Xianning Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Thomas J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States
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6
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NiPd mediated by conductive metal organic frameworks with facilitated electron transfer for assaying of H2O2 released from living cells. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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7
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Barman K, Wang X, Jia R, Askarova G, Hu G, Mirkin MV. Voltage-Driven Molecular Catalysis of Electrochemical Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:17344-17347. [PMID: 34644499 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous electrocatalysis and molecular redox catalysis have developed over several decades as two distinct ways to facilitate charge-transfer processes essential for energy conversion and storage. Whereas electrocatalytic reactions are driven by the applied voltage, molecular catalytic processes are driven by the difference between standard potentials of the catalyst and the reactant. Here, we demonstrate that the rate of electron transfer between a dissolved reactant and a molecular catalyst immobilized directly on the surface of a carbon nanoelectrode is governed by combination of chemical driving force and electrostatic potential drop across the double layer. DFT calculations show that varying the applied voltage alters the potential drop between the surface-bound and dissolved redox species. These results suggest a new route for designing next-generation hybrid molecular/electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koushik Barman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College-CUNY, Flushing, New York 11367, United States
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College-CUNY, Flushing, New York 11367, United States.,The Graduate Center of CUNY, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Rui Jia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College-CUNY, Flushing, New York 11367, United States.,The Graduate Center of CUNY, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Gaukhar Askarova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College-CUNY, Flushing, New York 11367, United States.,The Graduate Center of CUNY, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Guoxiang Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College-CUNY, Flushing, New York 11367, United States.,The Graduate Center of CUNY, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Michael V Mirkin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College-CUNY, Flushing, New York 11367, United States.,Advanced Science Research Center at The Graduate Center, CUNY, New York, New York 10031, United States
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8
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Kuttassery F, Kumagai H, Kamata R, Ebato Y, Higashi M, Suzuki H, Abe R, Ishitani O. Supramolecular photocatalysts fixed on the inside of the polypyrrole layer in dye sensitized molecular photocathodes: application to photocatalytic CO 2 reduction coupled with water oxidation. Chem Sci 2021; 12:13216-13232. [PMID: 34745553 PMCID: PMC8513877 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03756k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of systems for photocatalytic CO2 reduction with water as a reductant and solar light as an energy source is one of the most important milestones on the way to artificial photosynthesis. Although such reduction can be performed using dye-sensitized molecular photocathodes comprising metal complexes as redox photosensitizers and catalyst units fixed on a p-type semiconductor electrode, the performance of the corresponding photoelectrochemical cells remains low, e.g., their highest incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) equals 1.2%. Herein, we report a novel dye-sensitized molecular photocathode for photocatalytic CO2 reduction in water featuring a polypyrrole layer, [Ru(diimine)3]2+ as a redox photosensitizer unit, and Ru(diimine)(CO)2Cl2 as the catalyst unit and reveal that the incorporation of the polypyrrole network significantly improves reactivity and durability relative to those of previously reported dye-sensitized molecular photocathodes. The irradiation of the novel photocathode with visible light under low applied bias stably induces the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO and HCOOH with high faradaic efficiency and selectivity (even in aqueous solution), and the highest IPCE is determined as 4.7%. The novel photocathode is coupled with n-type semiconductor photoanodes (CoO x /BiVO4 and RhO x /TaON) to construct full cells that photocatalytically reduce CO2 using water as the reductant upon visible light irradiation as the only energy input at zero bias. The artificial Z-scheme photoelectrochemical cell with the dye-sensitized molecular photocathode achieves the highest energy conversion efficiency of 8.3 × 10-2% under the irradiation of both electrodes with visible light, while a solar to chemical conversion efficiency of 4.2 × 10-2% is achieved for a tandem-type cell using a solar light simulator (AM 1.5, 100 mW cm-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazalurahman Kuttassery
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1-NE-1, O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
| | - Hiromu Kumagai
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8577 Japan
| | - Ryutaro Kamata
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1-NE-1, O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
| | - Yusuke Ebato
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1-NE-1, O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
| | - Masanobu Higashi
- The OCU Advanced Research Institute for Natural Science and Technology, Osaka City University 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka City Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Hajime Suzuki
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Ryu Abe
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Osamu Ishitani
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1-NE-1, O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
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9
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Gil-Sepulcre M, Lindner JO, Schindler D, Velasco L, Moonshiram D, Rüdiger O, DeBeer S, Stepanenko V, Solano E, Würthner F, Llobet A. Surface-Promoted Evolution of Ru-bda Coordination Oligomers Boosts the Efficiency of Water Oxidation Molecular Anodes. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:11651-11661. [PMID: 34293261 PMCID: PMC8343522 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A new Ru oligomer of formula {[RuII(bda-κ-N2O2)(4,4'-bpy)]10(4,4'-bpy)}, 10 (bda is [2,2'-bipyridine]-6,6'-dicarboxylate and 4,4'-bpy is 4,4'-bipyridine), was synthesized and thoroughly characterized with spectroscopic, X-ray, and electrochemical techniques. This oligomer exhibits strong affinity for graphitic materials through CH-π interactions and thus easily anchors on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNT), generating the molecular hybrid material 10@CNT. The latter acts as a water oxidation catalyst and converts to a new species, 10'(H2O)2@CNT, during the electrochemical oxygen evolution process involving solvation and ligand reorganization facilitated by the interactions of molecular Ru catalyst and the surface. This heterogeneous system has been shown to be a powerful and robust molecular hybrid anode for electrocatalytic water oxidation into molecular oxygen, achieving current densities in the range of 200 mA/cm2 at pH 7 under an applied potential of 1.45 V vs NHE. The remarkable long-term stability of this hybrid material during turnover is rationalized based on the supramolecular interaction of the catalyst with the graphitic surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Gil-Sepulcre
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ). Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avenida Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Joachim O Lindner
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dorothee Schindler
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lucía Velasco
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Calle Faraday 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Dooshaye Moonshiram
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Calle Faraday 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Olaf Rüdiger
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Vladimir Stepanenko
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.,Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Eduardo Solano
- NCD-SWEET beamline, ALBA synchrotron light source, Carrer de la Llum, 2, 26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Frank Würthner
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.,Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Antoni Llobet
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ). Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avenida Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Quimica, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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10
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Badiei YM, Traba C, Rosales R, Rojas AL, Amaya C, Shahid M, Vera-Rolong C, Concepcion JJ. Plasma-Initiated Graft Polymerization of Acrylic Acid onto Fluorine-Doped Tin Oxide as a Platform for Immobilization of Water-Oxidation Catalysts. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:14077-14090. [PMID: 33751889 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c19730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of new and versatile strategies for the immobilization of molecular water-oxidation catalysts (WOCs) is crucial for developing clean energy conversion devices [e.g., (photo)electrocatalytic cells for water splitting]. The traditional approach for surface attachment to transparent conductive oxides [e.g., fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO)] is via synthetic modification of the ligand architecture to incorporate functional groups such as carboxylic acids (-COOH) or phosphonates (-PO3H2) prior to immobilization. However, challenges arising from desorption and the cumbersome derivatizations steps have limited the scope and applications of surface-bound WOCs. Herein, we report the successful immobilization of underivatized Ru(II)-based WOCs (Ru-Cat1 = [Ru(tpy) (bpy) (H2O)]2+ (tpy = 2,2':6'2″-terpyridine and bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) and Ru-Cat2 = [Ru(Mebimpy) (bpy) (H2O)]2+ (Mebimpy = 2,6-bis(1-methylbenzimidazol-2-yl) pyridine)) and the Ru(II) polypyridyl chromophore Ru-C3 = [Ru(bpy)3]2+ onto a FTO plasma-grafted poly(acrylic acid) surface (PAA|FTO). Various characterization techniques such as attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and cyclic voltammetry measurements provide evidence for the plasma-induced grafted PAA|FTO film and immobilization. Surface stability and electrocatalytic properties of these new hybrid composite films upon cycling were investigated at different pH values. Immobilized Ru-Cat1 and Ru-Cat2 onto PAA|FTO displayed pH-dependent (RuIII/RuII) couples and onset potentials indicative of PCET (proton-coupled electron transfer) reactions. Based on cyclic voltammetry results and spectroscopic monitoring, the immobilized WOCs Ru-Cat1 and Ru-Cat2 exhibited a higher surface stability in neutral aqueous solutions relative to Ru-C3 upon electrochemical oxidation. We attribute the surface PCET and stability to the presence of a water ligand in the coordination sphere of immobilized Ru-Cat1 and Ru-Cat2 which can H-bond with negatively charged carboxylate groups of the cross-linked PAA brushes. Our findings demonstrate that the plasma-grafted polymeric network onto FTO offers a versatile platform to directly anchor unmodified homogeneous WOCs or chromophores for potential applications in solar-to-fuel energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosra M Badiei
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Peter's University, Jersey City, New Jersey 07306, United States
| | - Christian Traba
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Physics, Fairleigh Dickinson University, Teaneck, New Jersey 07666, United States
| | - Rina Rosales
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Peter's University, Jersey City, New Jersey 07306, United States
| | - Anthony Lopez Rojas
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Peter's University, Jersey City, New Jersey 07306, United States
| | - Claudio Amaya
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Peter's University, Jersey City, New Jersey 07306, United States
| | - Mohammed Shahid
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Peter's University, Jersey City, New Jersey 07306, United States
| | - Carolina Vera-Rolong
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Peter's University, Jersey City, New Jersey 07306, United States
| | - Javier J Concepcion
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, United States
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11
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Li J, Triana CA, Wan W, Adiyeri Saseendran DP, Zhao Y, Balaghi SE, Heidari S, Patzke GR. Molecular and heterogeneous water oxidation catalysts: recent progress and joint perspectives. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:2444-2485. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00978d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The recent synthetic and mechanistic progress in molecular and heterogeneous water oxidation catalysts highlights the new, overarching strategies for knowledge transfer and unifying design concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Li
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - C. A. Triana
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - W. Wan
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | | | - Y. Zhao
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - S. E. Balaghi
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - S. Heidari
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - G. R. Patzke
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
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An Iron(III) Complex with Pincer Ligand—Catalytic Water Oxidation through Controllable Ligand Exchange. REACTIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/reactions1010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pincer ligands occupy three coplanar sites at metal centers and often support both stability and reactivity. The five-coordinate [FeIIICl2(tia-BAI)] complex (tia-BAI− = 1,3-bis(2’-thiazolylimino)isoindolinate(−)) was considered as a potential pre-catalyst for water oxidation providing the active form via the exchange of chloride ligands to water molecules. The tia-BAI− pincer ligand renders water-insolubility to the Fe–(tia-BAI) assembly, but it tolerates the presence of water in acetone and produces electrocatalytic current in cyclic voltammetry associated with molecular water oxidation catalysis. Upon addition of water to [FeIIICl2(tia-BAI)] in acetone the changes in the Fe3+/2+ redox transition and the UV-visible spectra could be associated with solvent-dependent equilibria between the aqua and chloride complex forms. Immobilization of the complex from methanol on indium-tin-oxide (ITO) electrode by means of drop-casting resulted in water oxidation catalysis in borate buffer. The O2 detected by gas chromatography upon electrolysis at pH 8.3 indicates >80% Faraday efficiency by a TON > 193. The investigation of the complex/ITO assembly by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) before and after electrolysis, and re-dissolution tests suggest that an immobilized molecular catalyst is responsible for catalysis and de-activation occurs by depletion of the metal.
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Yang T, Zhang CX, Li YJ, Fu YH, Yin ZH, Gao LH, Wang KZ. A 3D electropolymerized thin film based on a thiophene-functionalized Ru( ii) complex: electrochemical and photoelectrochemical insights. Inorg Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qi00863b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A 3D electropolymerized Ru(ii) complex film exhibited a rapid redox reaction and an oxygen reduction enhanced photocurrent which increased by 1.5 fold to 2.3 μA cm−2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- P.R. China
| | - Chen-Xing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- P.R. China
| | - Yu-Jia Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- P.R. China
| | - Ying-Huan Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Han Yin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- P.R. China
| | - Li-Hua Gao
- School of Science
- Beijing Technology and Business University
- Beijing 100048
- China
| | - Ke-Zhi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- P.R. China
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