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Rosenbaum D, Saftig P. New insights into the function and pathophysiology of the ectodomain sheddase A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10). FEBS J 2024; 291:2733-2766. [PMID: 37218105 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The 'A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase 10' (ADAM10) has gained considerable attention due to its discovery as an 'α-secretase' involved in the nonamyloidogenic processing of the amyloid precursor protein, thereby possibly preventing the excessive generation of the amyloid beta peptide, which is associated with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. ADAM10 was found to exert many additional functions, cleaving about 100 different membrane proteins. ADAM10 is involved in many pathophysiological conditions, ranging from cancer and autoimmune disorders to neurodegeneration and inflammation. ADAM10 cleaves its substrates close to the plasma membrane, a process referred to as ectodomain shedding. This is a central step in the modulation of the functions of cell adhesion proteins and cell surface receptors. ADAM10 activity is controlled by transcriptional and post-translational events. The interaction of ADAM10 with tetraspanins and the way they functionally and structurally depend on each other is another topic of interest. In this review, we will summarize findings on how ADAM10 is regulated and what is known about the biology of the protease. We will focus on novel aspects of the molecular biology and pathophysiology of ADAM10 that were previously poorly covered, such as the role of ADAM10 on extracellular vesicles, its contribution to virus entry, and its involvement in cardiac disease, cancer, inflammation, and immune regulation. ADAM10 has emerged as a regulator controlling cell surface proteins during development and in adult life. Its involvement in disease states suggests that ADAM10 may be exploited as a therapeutic target to treat conditions associated with a dysfunctional proteolytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Rosenbaum
- Institut für Biochemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Germany
| | - Paul Saftig
- Institut für Biochemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Germany
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Jiang M, Li Q, Xu B. Spotlight on ideal target antigens and resistance in antibody-drug conjugates: Strategies for competitive advancement. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 75:101086. [PMID: 38677200 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2024.101086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent a novel and promising approach in targeted therapy, uniting the specificity of antibodies that recognize specific antigens with payloads, all connected by the stable linker. These conjugates combine the best targeted and cytotoxic therapies, offering the killing effect of precisely targeting specific antigens and the potent cell-killing power of small molecule drugs. The targeted approach minimizes the off-target toxicities associated with the payloads and broadens the therapeutic window, enhancing the efficacy and safety profile of cancer treatments. Within precision oncology, ADCs have garnered significant attention as a cutting-edge research area and have been approved to treat a range of malignant tumors. Correspondingly, the issue of resistance to ADCs has gradually come to the fore. Any dysfunction in the steps leading to the ADCs' action within tumor cells can lead to the development of resistance. A deeper understanding of resistance mechanisms may be crucial for developing novel ADCs and exploring combination therapy strategies, which could further enhance the clinical efficacy of ADCs in cancer treatment. This review outlines the brief historical development and mechanism of ADCs and discusses the impact of their key components on the activity of ADCs. Furthermore, it provides a detailed account of the application of ADCs with various target antigens in cancer therapy, the categorization of potential resistance mechanisms, and the current state of combination therapies. Looking forward, breakthroughs in overcoming technical barriers, selecting differentiated target antigens, and enhancing resistance management and combination therapy strategies will broaden the therapeutic indications for ADCs. These progresses are anticipated to advance cancer treatment and yield benefits for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qiao Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Binghe Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Mocelular Oncology, National Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Liu X, Ma L, Li J, Sun L, Yang Y, Liu T, Xing D, Yan S, Zhang M. Trop2-targeted therapies in solid tumors: advances and future directions. Theranostics 2024; 14:3674-3692. [PMID: 38948057 PMCID: PMC11209721 DOI: 10.7150/thno.98178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop2) is overexpressed in a range of solid tumors and participants in multiple oncogenic signaling pathways, making it an attractive therapeutic target. In the past decade, the rapid development of various Trop2-targeted therapies, notably marked by the advent of the antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), revolutionized the outcome for patients facing Trop2-positive tumors with limited treatment opinions, such as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This review provides a comprehensive summary of advances in Trop2-targeted therapies, including ADCs, antibodies, multispecific agents, immunotherapy, cancer vaccines, and small molecular inhibitors, along with in-depth discussions on their designs, mechanisms of action (MOAs), and limitations. Additionally, we emphasize the clinical research progress of these emerging Trop2-targeted agents, focusing on their clinical application and therapeutic efficacy against tumors. Furthermore, we propose directions for future research, such as enhancing our understanding of Trop2's structure and biology, exploring the best combination strategies, and tailoring precision treatment based on Trop2 testing methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlin Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Leina Ma
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jiyixuan Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Li Sun
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ying Yang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ting Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Dongming Xing
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Saisai Yan
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, China
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4
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Carceles-Cordon M, Orme JJ, Domingo-Domenech J, Rodriguez-Bravo V. The yin and yang of chromosomal instability in prostate cancer. Nat Rev Urol 2024; 21:357-372. [PMID: 38307951 PMCID: PMC11156566 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00845-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Metastatic prostate cancer remains an incurable lethal disease. Studies indicate that prostate cancer accumulates genomic changes during disease progression and displays the highest levels of chromosomal instability (CIN) across all types of metastatic tumours. CIN, which refers to ongoing chromosomal DNA gain or loss during mitosis, and derived aneuploidy, are known to be associated with increased tumour heterogeneity, metastasis and therapy resistance in many tumour types. Paradoxically, high CIN levels are also proposed to be detrimental to tumour cell survival, suggesting that cancer cells must develop adaptive mechanisms to ensure their survival. In the context of prostate cancer, studies indicate that CIN has a key role in disease progression and might also offer a therapeutic vulnerability that can be pharmacologically targeted. Thus, a comprehensive evaluation of the causes and consequences of CIN in prostate cancer, its contribution to aggressive advanced disease and a better understanding of the acquired CIN tolerance mechanisms can translate into new tumour classifications, biomarker development and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacob J Orme
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Josep Domingo-Domenech
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Veronica Rodriguez-Bravo
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Weiten R, Niemann M, Below E, Friker LL, Ralser DJ, Toma M, Kristiansen G, Hahn O, Zechel S, Grünwald V, Bald T, Siewert J, Pietsch T, Ritter M, Hölzel M, Eckstein M, Alajati A, Krausewitz P, Klümper N. Preclinical evidence for the use of anti-Trop-2 antibody-drug conjugate Sacituzumab govitecan in cerebral metastasized castration-resistant prostate cancer. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7320. [PMID: 38895886 PMCID: PMC11185941 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Improved survival rates have been observed in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) due to advancements in treatment options. However, individuals with brain metastases still have limited therapeutic options and an unfavorable prognosis. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore new therapeutic avenues, such as antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), which have demonstrated significant clinical activity against active brain metastases in solid tumors. Our objective was to determine the expression levels of the ADC targets Trop-2 and NECTIN-4 in cerebral metastasized CRPC (mCRPC). METHODS Immunohistochemical staining of Trop-2 and NECTIN-4 with evaluation of H-score was performed in CRPC brain metastases (n = 31). Additionally, we examined Trop-2 protein expression in prostate cancer cell lines and studied their responsiveness to the anti-Trop-2 ADC Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) in vitro. RESULTS Our analysis revealed that most patients exhibited moderate to strong Trop-2 expression [n = 27/31 with H-score ≥100, median H-score 220 (IQR 180-280)], while NECTIN-4 was absent in all cerebral metastases. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that the efficacy of SG depends on Trop-2 expression levels in vitro. Overexpression of Trop-2 in Trop-2-negative PC-3 cells led to sensitization to SG, whereas CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockdown of Trop-2 in Trop-2-expressing DU-145 cells conferred resistance to SG. CONCLUSION The substantial expression of Trop-2 in cerebral metastases, along with our preclinical in vitro results, supports the efficacy of SG in treating cerebral mCRPC. Thus, our results extend the understanding of the potential of ADCs in prostate cancer treatment and provide an additional treatment strategy for the challenging subset of patients with cerebral metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Weiten
- Department of Urology and Paediatric UrologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
- Department of Urology Uro‐Oncology, Robot‐Assisted and Specialized Urologic SurgeryUniversity Hospital CologneKölnGermany
| | - Max Niemann
- Department of Urology and Paediatric UrologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Eduard Below
- Department of Urology and Paediatric UrologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
- Institute of Experimental OncologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Lea L. Friker
- Institute of Experimental OncologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
- Institute of NeuropathologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Damian J. Ralser
- Institute of Experimental OncologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
- Department of Gynaecology and Gynaecological OncologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Marieta Toma
- Institute of PathologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | | | - Oliver Hahn
- Department of UrologyUniversity Hospital GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Sabrina Zechel
- Institute of NeuropathologyUniversity Hospital GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Viktor Grünwald
- Clinic for Internal Medicine (Tumor Research) and Clinic for Urology, Interdisciplinary Genitourinary Oncology at the West‐German Cancer CenterUniversity Hospital EssenEssenGermany
| | - Tobias Bald
- Institute of Experimental OncologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Johannes Siewert
- Institute of Experimental OncologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Torsten Pietsch
- Institute of NeuropathologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Manuel Ritter
- Department of Urology and Paediatric UrologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Michael Hölzel
- Institute of Experimental OncologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Institute of PathologyUniversity Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Abdullah Alajati
- Department of Urology and Paediatric UrologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Philipp Krausewitz
- Department of Urology and Paediatric UrologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Niklas Klümper
- Department of Urology and Paediatric UrologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
- Institute of Experimental OncologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
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Ajkunic A, Sayar E, Roudier MP, Patel RA, Coleman IM, De Sarkar N, Hanratty B, Adil M, Zhao J, Zaidi S, True LD, Sperger JM, Cheng HH, Yu EY, Montgomery RB, Hawley JE, Ha G, Persse T, Galipeau P, Lee JK, Harmon SA, Corey E, Lang JM, Sawyers CL, Morrissey C, Schweizer MT, Gulati R, Nelson PS, Haffner MC. Assessment of TROP2, CEACAM5 and DLL3 in metastatic prostate cancer: Expression landscape and molecular correlates. NPJ Precis Oncol 2024; 8:104. [PMID: 38760413 PMCID: PMC11101486 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-024-00599-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic approaches targeting proteins on the surface of cancer cells have emerged as an important strategy for precision oncology. To capitalize on the potential impact of drugs targeting surface proteins, detailed knowledge about the expression patterns of the target proteins in tumor tissues is required. In castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), agents targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) have demonstrated clinical activity. However, PSMA expression is lost in a significant number of CRPC tumors. The identification of additional cell surface targets is necessary to develop new therapeutic approaches. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the expression heterogeneity and co-expression patterns of trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP2), delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3), and carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) in CRPC samples from a rapid autopsy cohort. We show that DLL3 and CEACAM5 exhibit the highest expression in neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC), while TROP2 is expressed across different CRPC molecular subtypes, except for NEPC. We further demonstrated that AR alterations were associated with higher expression of PSMA and TROP2. Conversely, PSMA and TROP2 expression was lower in RB1-altered tumors. In addition to genomic alterations, we show a tight correlation between epigenetic states, particularly histone H3 lysine 27 methylation (H3K27me3) at the transcriptional start site and gene body of TACSTD2 (encoding TROP2), DLL3, and CEACAM5, and their respective protein expression in CRPC patient-derived xenografts. Collectively, these findings provide insights into patterns and determinants of expression of TROP2, DLL3, and CEACAM5 with implications for the clinical development of cell surface targeting agents in CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azra Ajkunic
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Erolcan Sayar
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Radhika A Patel
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ilsa M Coleman
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Navonil De Sarkar
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Brian Hanratty
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mohamed Adil
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jimmy Zhao
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samir Zaidi
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lawrence D True
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Heather H Cheng
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Evan Y Yu
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert B Montgomery
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jessica E Hawley
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gavin Ha
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thomas Persse
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Patricia Galipeau
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - John K Lee
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephanie A Harmon
- Artificial Intelligence Resource, Molecular Imaging Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eva Corey
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Charles L Sawyers
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Colm Morrissey
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael T Schweizer
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Roman Gulati
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Peter S Nelson
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael C Haffner
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Tang W, Hu Y, Tu K, Gong Z, Zhu M, Yang T, Sarwar A, Dai B, Zhang D, Zhan Y, Zhang Y. Targeting Trop2 by Bruceine D suppresses breast cancer metastasis by blocking Trop2/β-catenin positive feedback loop. J Adv Res 2024; 58:193-210. [PMID: 37271476 PMCID: PMC10982870 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2 (Trop2) has been used as a transport gate for cytotoxic agents into cells in antibody-drug conjugate designs because of its expression in a wide range of solid tumors. However, the specific role of Trop2 itself in breast cancer progression remains unclear and small molecules targeting Trop2 have not yet been reported. OBJECTIVES To screen small molecules targeting Trop2, and to reveal its pharmacological effects and the molecular mechanisms of action. METHODS Small molecule targeting Trop2 was identified by cell membrane chromatography, and validated by cellular thermal shift assay and point mutation analyses. We investigated the pharmacological effects of Trop2 inhibitor using RNA-seq, human foreskin fibroblast (HFF)-derived extracellular matrix (ECM), Matrigel drop invasion assays, colony-forming assay, xenograft tumor model, 4T1 orthotopic metastasis model and 4T1 experimental metastasis model. The molecular mechanism was determined using immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. RESULTS Here we identified Bruceine D (BD) as the inhibitor of Trop2, and demonstrated anti-metastasis effects of BD in breast cancer. Notably, Lys307 and Glu310 residues of Trop2 acted as critical sites for BD binding. Mechanistically, BD suppressed Trop2-induced cancer metastasis by blocking the formation of Trop2/β-catenin positive loop, in which the Trop2/β-catenin complex prevented β-catenin from being degraded via the ubiquitin-proteosome pathway. Destabilized β-catenin caused by BD reduced nucleus translocation, leading to the reduction of transcription of Trop2, the reversal of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, and the inhibition of ECM remodeling, further inhibiting cancer metastasis. Additionally, the inhibitory effects of BD on lung metastatic colonization and the beneficial effects of BD on prolongation of survival were validated in 4T1 experimental metastasis model. CONCLUSIONS These results support the tumor-promoting role of Trop2 in breast cancer by stabilizing β-catenin in Trop2/β-catenin positive loop, and suggest Bruceine D as a promising candidate for Trop2 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and Engineering, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yu Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and Engineering, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Kaihui Tu
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and Engineering, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Zhengyan Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and Engineering, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Man Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and Engineering, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Tianfeng Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and Engineering, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Ammar Sarwar
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and Engineering, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Bingling Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and Engineering, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and Engineering, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yingzhuan Zhan
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and Engineering, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and Engineering, Xi'an 710061, China.
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Guimarães CF, Liu S, Wang J, Purcell E, Ozedirne T, Ren T, Aslan M, Yin Q, Reis RL, Stoyanova T, Demirci U. Co-axial hydrogel spinning for facile biofabrication of prostate cancer-like 3D models. Biofabrication 2024; 16:025017. [PMID: 38306674 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad2535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Glandular cancers are amongst the most prevalent types of cancer, which can develop in many different organs, presenting challenges in their detection as well as high treatment variability and failure rates. For that purpose, anticancer drugs are commonly tested in cancer cell lines grown in 2D tissue culture on plastic dishesin vitro, or in animal modelsin vivo. However, 2D culture models diverge significantly from the 3D characteristics of living tissues and animal models require extensive animal use and time. Glandular cancers, such as prostate cancer-the second leading cause of male cancer death-typically exist in co-centrical architectures where a cell layer surrounds an acellular lumen. Herein, this spatial cellular position and 3D architecture, containing dual compartments with different hydrogel materials, is engineered using a simple co-axial nozzle setup, in a single step utilizing prostate as a model of glandular cancer. The resulting hydrogel soft structures support viable prostate cancer cells of different cell lines and enable over-time maturation into cancer-mimicking aggregates surrounding the acellular core. The biofabricated cancer mimicking structures are then used as a model to predict the inhibitory efficacy of the poly ADP ribose polymerase inhibitor, Talazoparib, and the antiandrogen drug, Enzalutamide, in the growth of the cancer cell layer. Our results show that the obtained hydrogel constructs can be adapted to quickly obtain 3D cancer models which combine 3D physiological architectures with high-throughput screening to detect and optimize anti-cancer drugs in prostate and potentially other glandular cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos F Guimarães
- 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga and Guimarães, Portugal
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS (BAMM) in Medicine Lab, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America
| | - Shiqin Liu
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America
| | - Jie Wang
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS (BAMM) in Medicine Lab, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America
| | - Emma Purcell
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS (BAMM) in Medicine Lab, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America
| | - Tugba Ozedirne
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS (BAMM) in Medicine Lab, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America
| | - Tanchen Ren
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS (BAMM) in Medicine Lab, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America
| | - Merve Aslan
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America
| | - Qingqing Yin
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga and Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Tanya Stoyanova
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS (BAMM) in Medicine Lab, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America
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9
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Liu S, Chai T, Garcia-Marques F, Yin Q, Hsu EC, Shen M, Shaw Toland AM, Bermudez A, Hartono AB, Massey CF, Lee CS, Zheng L, Baron M, Denning CJ, Aslan M, Nguyen HM, Nolley R, Zoubeidi A, Das M, Kunder CA, Howitt BE, Soh HT, Weissman IL, Liss MA, Chin AI, Brooks JD, Corey E, Pitteri SJ, Huang J, Stoyanova T. UCHL1 is a potential molecular indicator and therapeutic target for neuroendocrine carcinomas. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101381. [PMID: 38244540 PMCID: PMC10897521 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Neuroendocrine carcinomas, such as neuroendocrine prostate cancer and small-cell lung cancer, commonly have a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. We report that ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1), a deubiquitinating enzyme, is elevated in tissues and plasma from patients with neuroendocrine carcinomas. Loss of UCHL1 decreases tumor growth and inhibits metastasis of these malignancies. UCHL1 maintains neuroendocrine differentiation and promotes cancer progression by regulating nucleoporin, POM121, and p53. UCHL1 binds, deubiquitinates, and stabilizes POM121 to regulate POM121-associated nuclear transport of E2F1 and c-MYC. Treatment with the UCHL1 inhibitor LDN-57444 slows tumor growth and metastasis across neuroendocrine carcinomas. The combination of UCHL1 inhibitors with cisplatin, the standard of care used for neuroendocrine carcinomas, significantly delays tumor growth in pre-clinical settings. Our study reveals mechanisms of UCHL1 function in regulating the progression of neuroendocrine carcinomas and identifies UCHL1 as a therapeutic target and potential molecular indicator for diagnosing and monitoring treatment responses in these malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqin Liu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Timothy Chai
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Qingqing Yin
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - En-Chi Hsu
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Shen
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | | | - Abel Bermudez
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Alifiani B Hartono
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christopher F Massey
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chung S Lee
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Liwei Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Maya Baron
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Caden J Denning
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Merve Aslan
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Holly M Nguyen
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rosalie Nolley
- Department of Urology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Amina Zoubeidi
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Millie Das
- Department of Medicine, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Brooke E Howitt
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - H Tom Soh
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Irving L Weissman
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael A Liss
- Department of Urology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Arnold I Chin
- Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - James D Brooks
- Department of Urology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eva Corey
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sharon J Pitteri
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Jiaoti Huang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Tanya Stoyanova
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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10
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Gehring A, Huebner K, Rani H, Erlenbach-Wuensch K, Merkel S, Mahadevan V, Grutzmann R, Hartmann A, Schneider-Stock R. DNA demethylation and tri-methylation of H3K4 at the TACSTD2 promoter are complementary players for TROP2 regulation in colorectal cancer cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2683. [PMID: 38302503 PMCID: PMC10834991 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52437-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
TROP2 is a powerful cancer driver in colorectal cancer cells. Divergent epigenetic regulation mechanisms for the corresponding TACSTD2 gene exist such as miRNAs or DNA methylation. However, the role of TACSTD2 promoter hypermethylation in colorectal cancer has not been investigated yet. In this study, TROP2 expression strongly correlated with promoter methylation in different colorectal tumor cell lines. Treatment with 5-Azacytidine, a DNMT1 inhibitor, led to demethylation of the TACSTD2 promoter accompanied by an increase in TROP2 protein expression. TROP2 expression correlated with promoter methylation in vivo in human colon tumor tissue, thereby verifying promoter methylation as an important factor in the regulation of TROP2 expression in colorectal cancer. When performing a ChIP-Seq analysis in HCT116 and HT29 cells, we found that TACSTD2 promoter demethylation was accompanied by tri-methylation of H3K4. In silico analysis of GSE156613 data set confirmed that a higher binding of histone mark H3K4me3 around the TACSTD2 promoter was found in TACSTD2 high expressing tumors of colon cancer patients compared to the corresponding adjacent tumor tissue. Moreover, the link between TROP2 and the H3K4me3 code was even evident in tumors showing high intratumoral heterogeneity for TROP2 staining. Our data provide novel evidence for promoter demethylation and simultaneous gains of the active histone mark H3K4me3 across CpG-rich sequences, both being complementary mechanisms in the transcriptional regulation of TACSTD2 in colon cancer. The functional consequences of TROP2 loss in colorectal cancer needs to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gehring
- Experimental Tumorpathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - K Huebner
- Experimental Tumorpathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - H Rani
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Bangalore, India
| | - K Erlenbach-Wuensch
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - S Merkel
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Erlangen, Germany
| | - V Mahadevan
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Bangalore, India
| | - R Grutzmann
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Erlangen, Germany
- FAU Profile Center Immunomedicine (FAU I-MED), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - R Schneider-Stock
- Experimental Tumorpathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Erlangen, Germany.
- FAU Profile Center Immunomedicine (FAU I-MED), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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11
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Guerra E, Trerotola M, Relli V, Lattanzio R, Boujnah K, Travali N, Moschella A, Todaro P, Pierdomenico L, Di Pietro R, Tinari N, Alberti S. Phylogenetic conservation of Trop-2 across species-rodent and primate genomics model anti-Trop-2 therapy for pre-clinical benchmarks. Front Genet 2024; 14:1297367. [PMID: 38250577 PMCID: PMC10797630 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1297367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
A phylogenetic conservation analysis of Trop-2 across vertebrate species showed a high degree of sequence conservation, permitting to explore multiple models as pre-clinical benchmarks. Sequence divergence and incomplete conservation of expression patterns were observed in mouse and rat. Primate Trop-2 sequences were found to be 95%-100% identical to the human sequence. Comparative three-dimension primate Trop-2 structures were obtained with AlphaFold and homology modeling. This revealed high structure conservation of Trop-2 (0.66 ProMod3 GMQE, 0.80-0.86 ± 0.05 QMEANDisCo scores), with conservative amino acid changes at variant sites. Primate TACSTD2/TROP2 cDNAs were cloned and transfectants for individual ORF were shown to be efficiently recognized by humanized anti-Trop-2 monoclonal antibodies (Hu2G10, Hu2EF). Immunohistochemistry analysis of Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) tissues showed Trop-2 expression patterns that closely followed those in human tissues. This led us to test Trop-2 targeting in vivo in Macaca fascicularis (cynomolgus monkey). Intravenously injected Hu2G10 and Hu2EF were well tolerated from 5 to 10 mg/kg. Neither neurological, respiratory, digestive, urinary symptoms, nor biochemical or hematological toxicities were detected during 28-day observation. Blood serum pharmacokinetic (PK) studies were conducted utilizing anti-idiotypic antibodies in capture-ELISA assays. Hu2G10 (t1/2 = 6.5 days) and Hu2EF (t1/2 = 5.5 days) were stable in plasma, and were detectable in the circulation up to 3 weeks after the infusion. These findings validate primates as reliable models for Hu2G10 and Hu2EF toxicity and PK, and support the use of these antibodies as next-generation anti-Trop-2 immunotherapy tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Guerra
- Laboratory of Cancer Pathology, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Trerotola
- Laboratory of Cancer Pathology, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Valeria Relli
- Laboratory of Cancer Pathology, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Rossano Lattanzio
- Laboratory of Cancer Pathology, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Khouloud Boujnah
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences—BIOMORF, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Nicole Travali
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences—BIOMORF, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonino Moschella
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences—BIOMORF, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Paolo Todaro
- Department of Human Pathology “Gaetano Barresi”, Section of Cytopathology, University of Messina, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria “Gaetano Martino”, Messina, Italy
| | - Laura Pierdomenico
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Roberta Di Pietro
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Section of Biomorphology, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Nicola Tinari
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Saverio Alberti
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences—BIOMORF, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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12
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Liu S, Hawley SJ, Kunder CA, Hsu EC, Shen M, Westphalen L, Auman H, Newcomb LF, Lin DW, Nelson PS, Feng Z, Tretiakova MS, True LD, Vakar-Lopez F, Carroll PR, Simko J, Gleave ME, Troyer DA, McKenney JK, Brooks JD, Liss MA, Stoyanova T. High expression of Trop2 is associated with aggressive localized prostate cancer and is a candidate urinary biomarker. Sci Rep 2024; 14:486. [PMID: 38177207 PMCID: PMC10766957 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50215-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Distinguishing indolent from clinically significant localized prostate cancer is a major clinical challenge and influences clinical decision-making between treatment and active surveillance. The development of novel predictive biomarkers will help with risk stratification, and clinical decision-making, leading to a decrease in over or under-treatment of patients with prostate cancer. Here, we report that Trop2 is a prognostic tissue biomarker for clinically significant prostate cancer by utilizing the Canary Prostate Cancer Tissue Microarray (CPCTA) cohort composed of over 1100 patients from a multi-institutional study. We demonstrate that elevated Trop2 expression is correlated with worse clinical features including Gleason score, age, and pre-operative PSA levels. More importantly, we demonstrate that elevated Trop2 expression at radical prostatectomy predicts worse overall survival in men undergoing radical prostatectomy. Additionally, we detect shed Trop2 in urine from men with clinically significant prostate cancer. Our study identifies Trop2 as a novel tissue prognostic biomarker and a candidate non-invasive marker for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqin Liu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - En-Chi Hsu
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Shen
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lennart Westphalen
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Lisa F Newcomb
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel W Lin
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Peter S Nelson
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ziding Feng
- Program of Biostatistics and Biomathematics, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Maria S Tretiakova
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lawrence D True
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Funda Vakar-Lopez
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Peter R Carroll
- Department of Urology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeffry Simko
- Department of Urology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Martin E Gleave
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dean A Troyer
- Department of Pathology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Jesse K McKenney
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - James D Brooks
- Department of Urology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Michael A Liss
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Tanya Stoyanova
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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13
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Zhou DD, Sun LP, Yu Q, Zhai XT, Zhang LW, Gao RJ, Zhen YS, Wang R, Miao QF. Elucidating the development, characterization, and antitumor potential of a novel humanized antibody against Trop2. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127105. [PMID: 37769779 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop2) has emerged as a potential target for effective cancer therapy. In this study, we report a novel anti-Trop2 antibody IMB1636, developed using hybridoma technology. It exhibited high affinity and specificity (KD = 0.483 nM) in binding both antigens and cancer cells, as well as human tumor tissues. hIMB1636 could induce endocytosis, and enabled targeted delivery to the tumor site with an in vivo retention time of 264 h. The humanized antibody hIMB1636, acquired using CDR grafting, exhibited the potential to directly inhibit cancer cell proliferation and migration, and to induce ADCC effects. Moreover, hIMB1636 significantly inhibited the growth of MDA-MB-468 xenograft tumors in vivo. Mechanistically, hIMB1636 induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by regulating cyclin-related proteins and the caspase cascade. In comparison to commercialized sacituzumab, hIMB1636 recognized a conformational epitope instead of a linear one, bound to antigen and cancer cells with similar binding affinity, induced significantly more potent ADCC effects against cancer cells, and displayed superior antitumor activities both in vitro and in vivo. The data presented in this study highlights the potential of hIMB1636 as a carrier for the formulation of antibody-based conjugates, or as a promising candidate for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Ping Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qun Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Tian Zhai
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lan-Wen Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rui-Juan Gao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Su Zhen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Qing-Fang Miao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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14
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Ajkunic A, Sayar E, Roudier MP, Patel RA, Coleman IM, De Sarkar N, Hanratty B, Adil M, Zhao J, Zaidi S, True LD, Sperger JM, Cheng HH, Yu EY, Montgomery RB, Hawley JE, Ha G, Lee JK, Harmon SA, Corey E, Lang JM, Sawyers CL, Morrissey C, Schweizer MT, Gulati R, Nelson PS, Haffner MC. ASSESSMENT OF CELL SURFACE TARGETS IN METASTATIC PROSTATE CANCER: EXPRESSION LANDSCAPE AND MOLECULAR CORRELATES. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3745991. [PMID: 38196594 PMCID: PMC10775381 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3745991/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Therapeutic approaches targeting proteins on the surface of cancer cells have emerged as an important strategy for precision oncology. To fully capitalize on the potential impact of drugs targeting surface proteins, detailed knowledge about the expression patterns of the target proteins in tumor tissues is required. In castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), agents targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) have demonstrated clinical activity. However, PSMA expression is lost in a significant number of CRPC tumors, and the identification of additional cell surface targets is necessary in order to develop new therapeutic approaches. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the expression and co-expression patterns of trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP2), delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3), and carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) in CRPC samples from a rapid autopsy cohort. We show that DLL3 and CEACAM5 exhibit the highest expression in neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC), while TROP2 is expressed across different CRPC molecular subtypes, except for NEPC. We observed variable intra-tumoral and inter-tumoral heterogeneity and no dominant metastatic site predilections for TROP2, DLL3, and CEACAM5. We further show that AR amplifications were associated with higher expression of PSMA and TROP2 but lower DLL3 and CEACAM5 levels. Conversely, PSMA and TROP2 expression was lower in RB1-altered tumors. In addition to genomic alterations, we demonstrate a tight correlation between epigenetic states, particularly histone H3 lysine 27 methylation (H3K27me3) at the transcriptional start site and gene body of TACSTD2 (encoding TROP2), DLL3, and CEACAM5, and their respective protein expression in CRPC patient-derived xenografts. Collectively, these findings provide novel insights into the patterns and determinants of expression of TROP2, DLL3, and CEACAM5 with important implications for the clinical development of cell surface targeting agents in CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azra Ajkunic
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Erolcan Sayar
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Radhika A Patel
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ilsa M Coleman
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Navonil De Sarkar
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, WI, USA
| | - Brian Hanratty
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mohamed Adil
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jimmy Zhao
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samir Zaidi
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lawrence D True
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Heather H Cheng
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Evan Y Yu
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert B Montgomery
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jessica E Hawley
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gavin Ha
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - John K Lee
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephanie A Harmon
- Artificial Intelligence Resource, Molecular Imaging Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eva Corey
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Charles L Sawyers
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Colm Morrissey
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael T Schweizer
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Roman Gulati
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Peter S Nelson
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael C Haffner
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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15
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Bangayan NJ, Wang L, Burton Sojo G, Noguchi M, Cheng D, Ta L, Gunn D, Mao Z, Liu S, Yin Q, Riedinger M, Li K, Wu AM, Stoyanova T, Witte ON. Dual-inhibitory domain iCARs improve the efficiency of the AND-NOT gate CAR T strategy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2312374120. [PMID: 37963244 PMCID: PMC10666036 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2312374120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
CAR (chimeric antigen receptor) T cell therapy has shown clinical success in treating hematological malignancies, but its treatment of solid tumors has been limited. One major challenge is on-target, off-tumor toxicity, where CAR T cells also damage normal tissues that express the targeted antigen. To reduce this detrimental side-effect, Boolean-logic gates like AND-NOT gates have utilized an inhibitory CAR (iCAR) to specifically curb CAR T cell activity at selected nonmalignant tissue sites. However, the strategy seems inefficient, requiring high levels of iCAR and its target antigen for inhibition. Using a TROP2-targeting iCAR with a single PD1 inhibitory domain to inhibit a CEACAM5-targeting CAR (CEACAR), we observed that the inefficiency was due to a kinetic delay in iCAR inhibition of cytotoxicity. To improve iCAR efficiency, we modified three features of the iCAR-the avidity, the affinity, and the intracellular signaling domains. Increasing the avidity but not the affinity of the iCAR led to significant reductions in the delay. iCARs containing twelve different inhibitory signaling domains were screened for improved inhibition, and three domains (BTLA, LAIR-1, and SIGLEC-9) each suppressed CAR T function but did not enhance inhibitory kinetics. When inhibitory domains of LAIR-1 or SIGLEC-9 were combined with PD-1 into a single dual-inhibitory domain iCAR (DiCARs) and tested with the CEACAR, inhibition efficiency improved as evidenced by a significant reduction in the inhibitory delay. These data indicate that a delicate balance between CAR and iCAR signaling strength and kinetics must be achieved to regulate AND-NOT gate CAR T cell selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathanael J. Bangayan
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Giselle Burton Sojo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Miyako Noguchi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Donghui Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Lisa Ta
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Donny Gunn
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Zhiyuan Mao
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Shiqin Liu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Qingqing Yin
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Mireille Riedinger
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Keyu Li
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Anna M. Wu
- Department of Immunology and Theranostics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA91010
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope, Duarte, CA91010
| | - Tanya Stoyanova
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Owen N. Witte
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
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16
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Shen M, Liu S, Toland A, Hsu EC, Hartono AB, Alabi BR, Aslan M, Nguyen HM, Sessions CJ, Nolley R, Shi C, Huang J, Brooks JD, Corey E, Stoyanova T. ACAA2 is a novel molecular indicator for cancers with neuroendocrine phenotype. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:1818-1828. [PMID: 37798372 PMCID: PMC10667239 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02448-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroendocrine phenotype is commonly associated with therapy resistance and poor prognoses in small-cell neuroendocrine cancers (SCNCs), such as neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Expression levels of current neuroendocrine markers exhibit high case-by-case variability, so multiple markers are used in combination to identify SCNCs. Here, we report that ACAA2 is elevated in SCNCs and is a potential molecular indicator for SCNCs. METHODS ACAA2 expressions in tumour xenografts, tissue microarrays (TMAs), and patient tissues from prostate and lung cancers were analysed via immunohistochemistry. ACAA2 mRNA levels in lung and prostate cancer (PC) patients were assessed in published datasets. RESULTS ACAA2 protein and mRNA levels were elevated in SCNCs relative to non-SCNCs. Medium/high ACAA2 intensity was observed in 78% of NEPC PDXs samples (N = 27) relative to 33% of adeno-CRPC (N = 86), 2% of localised PC (N = 50), and 0% of benign prostate specimens (N = 101). ACAA2 was also elevated in lung cancer patient tissues with neuroendocrine phenotype. 83% of lung carcinoid tissues (N = 12) and 90% of SCLC tissues (N = 10) exhibited medium/high intensity relative to 40% of lung adenocarcinoma (N = 15). CONCLUSION ACAA2 expression is elevated in aggressive SCNCs such as NEPC and SCLC, suggesting it is a potential molecular indicator for SCNCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Shen
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shiqin Liu
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Angus Toland
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - En-Chi Hsu
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alifiani B Hartono
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Busola R Alabi
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Merve Aslan
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Holly M Nguyen
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Rosalie Nolley
- Department of Urology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chanjuan Shi
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jiaoti Huang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - James D Brooks
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eva Corey
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tanya Stoyanova
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Urology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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17
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Guerra E, Trerotola M, Alberti S. Targeting Trop-2 as a Cancer Driver. J Clin Oncol 2023; 41:4688-4692. [PMID: 37549340 DOI: 10.1200/jco.23.01207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Guerra
- Laboratory of Cancer Pathology, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Trerotola
- Laboratory of Cancer Pathology, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Saverio Alberti
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences-BIOMORF, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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18
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Berg SA, Choudhury AD. Mutual ATRaction: Assessing Synergy of Berzosertib with Sacituzumab Govitecan. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:3557-3559. [PMID: 37439710 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-1422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
A phase I trial of the novel combination of the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related inhibitor berzosertib plus the antibody-drug conjugate sacituzumab govitecan in patients with heavily pretreatment tumors demonstrated some antitumor activity and no dose-limiting toxicities. This represents a new treatment paradigm that will be further explored in a phase II setting. See related article by Abel et al., p. 3603.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Berg
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Boston MA
| | - Atish D Choudhury
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Boston MA
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19
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Zamora I, Freeman MR, Encío IJ, Rotinen M. Targeting Key Players of Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13673. [PMID: 37761978 PMCID: PMC10531052 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is a highly aggressive subtype of prostate cancer (PC) that commonly emerges through a transdifferentiation process from prostate adenocarcinoma and evades conventional therapies. Extensive molecular research has revealed factors that drive lineage plasticity, uncovering novel therapeutic targets to be explored. A diverse array of targeting agents is currently under evaluation in pre-clinical and clinical studies with promising results in suppressing or reversing the neuroendocrine phenotype and inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis. This new knowledge has the potential to contribute to the development of novel therapeutic approaches that may enhance the clinical management and prognosis of this lethal disease. In the present review, we discuss molecular players involved in the neuroendocrine phenotype, and we explore therapeutic strategies that are currently under investigation for NEPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Zamora
- Department of Health Science, Public University of Navarre, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Michael R. Freeman
- Departments of Urology and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ignacio J. Encío
- Department of Health Science, Public University of Navarre, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Navarre Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mirja Rotinen
- Department of Health Science, Public University of Navarre, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Navarre Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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20
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Upadhyay SS, Devasahayam Arokia Balaya R, Parate SS, Dagamajalu S, Keshava Prasad TS, Shetty R, Raju R. An assembly of TROP2-mediated signaling events. J Cell Commun Signal 2023; 17:1105-1111. [PMID: 37014471 PMCID: PMC10409939 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-023-00742-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2) is a calcium-transducing transmembrane protein mainly involved in embryo development. The aberrant expression of TROP2 is observed in numerous cancers, including triple-negative breast cancer, gastric, colorectal, pancreatic, squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, and prostate cancers. The main signaling pathways mediated by TROP2 are calcium signaling, PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT, MAPKs, and β-catenin signaling. However, collective information about the TROP2-mediated signaling pathway is not available for visualization or analysis. In this study, we constructed a TROP2 signaling map with respect to its role in different cancers. The data curation was done manually by following the NetPath annotation criteria. The described map consists of different molecular events, including 8 activation/inhibition, 16 enzyme catalysis, 19 gene regulations, 12 molecular associations, 39 induced-protein expressions, and 2 protein translocation. The data of the TROP2 pathway map is made freely accessible through the WikiPathways Database ( https://www.wikipathways.org/index.php/Pathway:WP5300 ). Development of TROP2 signaling pathway map.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Sukerndeo Upadhyay
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Mangalore, 575018 India
| | | | - Sakshi Sanjay Parate
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Mangalore, 575018 India
| | - Shobha Dagamajalu
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Mangalore, 575018 India
| | - T. S. Keshava Prasad
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Mangalore, 575018 India
| | - Rohan Shetty
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Yenepoya Medical College Hospital, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Mangalore, 575018 India
| | - Rajesh Raju
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Mangalore, 575018 India
- Centre for Integrative Omics Data Science, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Mangalore, 575018 India
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21
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Zhao M, DiPeri TP, Raso MG, Zheng X, Rizvi YQ, Evans KW, Yang F, Akcakanat A, Roberto Estecio M, Tripathy D, Dumbrava EE, Damodaran S, Meric-Bernstam F. Epigenetically upregulating TROP2 and SLFN11 enhances therapeutic efficacy of TROP2 antibody drug conjugate sacitizumab govitecan. NPJ Breast Cancer 2023; 9:66. [PMID: 37567892 PMCID: PMC10421911 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-023-00573-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
TROP2 antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) are under active development. We seek to determine whether we can enhance activity of TROP2 ADCs by increasing TROP2 expression. In metaplastic breast cancers (MpBC), there is limited expression of TROP2, and downregulating transcription factor ZEB1 upregulates E-cad and TROP2, thus sensitizing cancers to TROP2 ADC sacituzumab govitecan (SG). Demethylating agent decitabine decreases DNA methyltransferase expression and TROP2 promoter methylation and subsequently increases TROP2 expression. Decitabine treatment as well as overexpression of TROP2 significantly enhance SG antitumor activity. Decitabine also increases SLFN11, a biomarker of topoisomerase 1 inhibitor (TOP1) sensitivity and is synergistic with SG which has a TOP1 payload, in TROP2-expressing SLFN11-low BC cells. In conclusion, TROP2 and SLFN11 expression can be epigenetically modulated and the combination of demethylating agent decitabine with TROP2 ADCs may represent a novel therapeutic approach for tumors with low TROP2 or SLFN11 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhao
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Timothy P DiPeri
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maria Gabriela Raso
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zheng
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yasmeen Qamar Rizvi
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kurt W Evans
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Argun Akcakanat
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marco Roberto Estecio
- Department of Epigenetic and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Debu Tripathy
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ecaterina E Dumbrava
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Senthil Damodaran
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Funda Meric-Bernstam
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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22
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Van Emmenis L, Ku SY, Gayvert K, Branch JR, Brady NJ, Basu S, Russell M, Cyrta J, Vosoughi A, Sailer V, Alnajar H, Dardenne E, Koumis E, Puca L, Robinson BD, Feldkamp MD, Winkis A, Majewski N, Rupnow B, Gottardis MM, Elemento O, Rubin MA, Beltran H, Rickman DS. The Identification of CELSR3 and Other Potential Cell Surface Targets in Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:1447-1459. [PMID: 37546702 PMCID: PMC10401480 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Although recent efforts have led to the development of highly effective androgen receptor (AR)-directed therapies for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer, a significant subset of patients will progress with resistant disease including AR-negative tumors that display neuroendocrine features [neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC)]. On the basis of RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data from a clinical cohort of tissue from benign prostate, locally advanced prostate cancer, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and NEPC, we developed a multi-step bioinformatics pipeline to identify NEPC-specific, overexpressed gene transcripts that encode cell surface proteins. This included the identification of known NEPC surface protein CEACAM5 as well as other potentially targetable proteins (e.g., HMMR and CESLR3). We further showed that cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 3 (CELSR3) knockdown results in reduced NEPC tumor cell proliferation and migration in vitro. We provide in vivo data including laser capture microdissection followed by RNA-seq data supporting a causal role of CELSR3 in the development and/or maintenance of the phenotype associated with NEPC. Finally, we provide initial data that suggests CELSR3 is a target for T-cell redirection therapeutics. Further work is now needed to fully evaluate the utility of targeting CELSR3 with T-cell redirection or other similar therapeutics as a potential new strategy for patients with NEPC. Significance The development of effective treatment for patients with NEPC remains an unmet clinical need. We have identified specific surface proteins, including CELSR3, that may serve as novel biomarkers or therapeutic targets for NEPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Van Emmenis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Sheng-Yu Ku
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kaitlyn Gayvert
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | | | - Nicholas J. Brady
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Subhasree Basu
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Joanna Cyrta
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Aram Vosoughi
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Verena Sailer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Hussein Alnajar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Etienne Dardenne
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Elena Koumis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Loredana Puca
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Brian D. Robinson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | - Brent Rupnow
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Olivier Elemento
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Mark A. Rubin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- Bern Center for Precision Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Himisha Beltran
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - David S. Rickman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
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23
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Chen C, Chao Y, Zhang C, Hu W, Huang Y, Lv Y, Liu B, Ji D, Liu M, Yang B, Jiang L, Liang Y, Zhang H, Yuan G, Ying X, Ji W. TROP2 translation mediated by dual m 6A/m 7G RNA modifications promotes bladder cancer development. Cancer Lett 2023; 566:216246. [PMID: 37268280 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
RNA modifications, including adenine methylation (m6A) of mRNA and guanine methylation (m7G) of tRNA, are crucial for the biological function of RNA. However, the mechanism underlying the translation of specific genes synergistically mediated by dual m6A/m7G RNA modifications in bladder cancer (BCa) remains unclear. We demonstrated that m6A methyltransferase METTL3-mediated programmable m6A modification of oncogene trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (TROP2) mRNA promoted its translation during malignant transformation of bladder epithelial cells. m7G methyltransferase METTL1 enhanced TROP2 translation by mediating m7G modification of certain tRNAs. TROP2 protein inhibition decreased the proliferation and invasion of BCa cells in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, synergistical knockout of METTL3/METTL1 inhibited BCa cell proliferation, migration, and invasion; however, TROP2 overexpression partially abrogated its effect. Furthermore, TROP2 expression was significantly positively correlated with the expression levels of METTL3 and METTL1 in BCa patients. Overall, our results revealed that METTL3/METTL1-mediated dual m6A/m7G RNA modifications enhanced TROP2 translation and promoted BCa development, indicating a novel RNA epigenetic mechanism in BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chen
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yinghui Chao
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wenyu Hu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yapeng Huang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yifan Lv
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Guangzhou Urology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Bixia Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ding Ji
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Mingrui Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Baotong Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Lujing Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yaomin Liang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Haiqing Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Gang Yuan
- Private Medical Service & Healthcare Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Xiaoling Ying
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Weidong Ji
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Qiu S, Zhang J, Wang Z, Lan H, Hou J, Zhang N, Wang X, Lu H. Targeting Trop-2 in cancer: Recent research progress and clinical application. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188902. [PMID: 37121444 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The development of new antitumor drugs depends mainly upon targeting tumor cells precisely. Trophoblast surface antigen 2 (Trop-2) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein involved in Ca2+ signaling in tumor cells. It is highly expressed in various tumor tissues than in normal tissues and represents a novel and promising molecular target for caner targeted therapy. Up to now, the mechanisms and functions associated with Trop-2 have been extensively studied in a variety of solid tumors. According to these findings, Trop-2 plays an important role in cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell adhesion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, as well as tumorigenesis and tumor progression. In addition, Trop-2 related drugs are also being developed widely. There are a number of Trop-2 related ADC drugs that have demonstrated potent antitumor activity and are currently been studied, such as Sacituzumab Govitecan (SG) and Datopotamab Deruxtecan (Dato-Dxd). In this study, we reviewed the progress of Trop-2 research in solid tumors. We also sorted out the composition and rationale of Trop-2 related drugs and summarized the related clinical trials. Finally, we discussed the current status of Trop-2 research and expanded our perspectives on its future research directions. Importantly, we found that Trop-2 targeted ADCs have great potential for combination with other antitumor therapies. Trop-2 targeted ADCs can reprogramme tumor microenvironment through multiple signaling pathways, ultimately activating antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Qiu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Key Lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Key Lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Lan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University/Lishui Central Hospital and Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Lishui, China
| | - Jili Hou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhuji People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhuji, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, China Coast Guard Hospital of the People's Armed Police Force, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Haiqi Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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25
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Guerra E, Di Pietro R, Stati G, Alberti S. A non-mutated TROP2 fingerprint in cancer genetics. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1151090. [PMID: 37456256 PMCID: PMC10338868 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1151090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of high throughput DNA sequencing is providing massive amounts of tumor-associated mutation data. Implicit in these analyses is the assumption that, by acquiring a series of hallmark changes, normal cells evolve along a neoplastic path. However, the lack of correlation between cancer risk and global exposure to mutagenic factors provides arguments against this model. This suggested that additional, non-mutagenic factors are at work in cancer development. A candidate determinant is TROP2, that stands out for its expression in the majority of solid tumors in human, for its impact on the prognosis of most solid cancers and for its role as driver of cancer growth and metastatic diffusion, through overexpression as a wild-type form. The Trop-2 signaling network encompasses CREB1, Jun, NF-κB, Rb, STAT1 and STAT3, through induction of cyclin D1 and MAPK/ERK. Notably, Trop-2-driven pathways vastly overlap with those activated by most functionally relevant/most frequently mutated RAS and TP53, and are co-expressed in a large fraction of individual tumor cases, suggesting functional overlap. Mutated Ras was shown to synergize with the TROP2-CYCLIND1 mRNA chimera in transforming primary cells into tumorigenic ones. Genomic loss of TROP2 was found to promote carcinogenesis in squamous cell carcinomas through modulation of Src and mutated Ras pathways. DNA methylation and TP53 status were shown to cause genome instability and TROP gene amplification, together with Trop-2 protein overexpression. These findings suggest that mutagenic and the TROP2 non-mutagenic pathways deeply intertwine in driving transformed cell growth and malignant progression of solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Guerra
- Laboratory of Cancer Pathology, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Roberta Di Pietro
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Section of Biomorphology, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Gianmarco Stati
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Section of Biomorphology, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Saverio Alberti
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences - Biomedical Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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26
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Pitzen SP, Dehm SM. Basal epithelial cells in prostate development, tumorigenesis, and cancer progression. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:1303-1318. [PMID: 37098827 PMCID: PMC10228417 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2206502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The prostate epithelium is composed of two predominant cell populations: luminal and basal epithelial cells. Luminal cells have a secretory function that supports male fertility while basal cells function in regeneration and maintenance of epithelial tissue. Recent studies in humans and mice have expanded our knowledge of the role and regulation of luminal and basal cells in prostate organogenesis, development, and homeostasis. The insights from healthy prostate biology can inform studies focused on the origins of prostate cancer, progression of the disease, and development of resistance to targeted hormonal therapies. In this review, we discuss a critical role for basal cells in the development and maintenance of healthy prostate tissue. Additionally, we provide evidence supporting a role for basal cells in oncogenesis and therapeutic resistance mechanisms of prostate cancer. Finally, we describe basal cell regulators that may promote lineage plasticity and basal cell identity in prostate cancers that have developed therapeutic resistance. These regulators could serve as therapeutic targets to inhibit or delay resistance and thereby improve outcomes for prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel P. Pitzen
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Graduate Program in Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and Genetics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Scott M. Dehm
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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27
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Lin J, Zhuo Y, Zhang Y, Liu R, Zhong W. Molecular predictors of metastasis in patients with prostate cancer. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2023; 23:199-215. [PMID: 36860119 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2187289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prostate cancer is a serious threat to the health of older adults worldwide. The quality of life and survival time of patients sharply decline once metastasis occurs. Thus, early screening for prostate cancer is very advanced in developed countries. The detection methods used include Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) detection and digital rectal examination. However, the lack of universal access to early screening in some developing countries has resulted in an increased number of patients presenting with metastatic prostate cancer. In addition, the treatment methods for metastatic and localized prostate cancer are considerably different. In many patients, early-stage prostate cancer cells often metastasize due to delayed observation, negative PSA results, and delay in treatment time. Therefore, the identification of patients who are prone to metastasis is important for future clinical studies. AREAS COVERED this review introduced a large number of predictive molecules related to prostate cancer metastasis. These molecules involve the mutation and regulation of tumor cell genes, changes in the tumor microenvironment, and the liquid biopsy. EXPERT OPINION In next decade, PSMA PET/CT and liquid biopsy will be the excellent predicting tools, while 177 Lu- PSMA-RLT will be showed excellent anti-tumor efficacy in mPCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jundong Lin
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yangjia Zhuo
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yixun Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ren Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weide Zhong
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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28
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Verma P, Shukla N, Kumari S, Ansari M, Gautam NK, Patel GK. Cancer stem cell in prostate cancer progression, metastasis and therapy resistance. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188887. [PMID: 36997008 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most diagnosed malignancy in the men worldwide. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the sub-population of cells present in the tumor which possess unique properties of self-renewal and multilineage differentiation thus thought to be major cause of therapy resistance, disease relapse, and mortality in several malignancies including PCa. CSCs have also been shown positive for the common stem cells markers such as ALDH EZH2, OCT4, SOX2, c-MYC, Nanog etc. Therefore, isolation and characterization of CSCs specific markers which may discriminate CSCs and normal stem cells are critical to selectively eliminate CSCs. Rapid advances in the field offers a theoretical explanation for many of the enduring uncertainties encompassing the etiology and an optimism for the identification of new stem-cell targets, development of reliable and efficient therapies in the future. The emerging reports have also provided unprecedented insights into CSCs plasticity, quiescence, renewal, and therapeutic response. In this review, we discuss the identification of PCa stem cells, their unique properties, stemness-driving pathways, new diagnostics, and therapeutic interventions.
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Pance K, Gramespacher JA, Byrnes JR, Salangsang F, Serrano JAC, Cotton AD, Steri V, Wells JA. Modular cytokine receptor-targeting chimeras for targeted degradation of cell surface and extracellular proteins. Nat Biotechnol 2023; 41:273-281. [PMID: 36138170 PMCID: PMC9931583 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-022-01456-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Targeted degradation of cell surface and extracellular proteins via lysosomal delivery is an important means to modulate extracellular biology. However, these approaches have limitations due to lack of modularity, ease of development, restricted tissue targeting and applicability to both cell surface and extracellular proteins. We describe a lysosomal degradation strategy, termed cytokine receptor-targeting chimeras (KineTACs), that addresses these limitations. KineTACs are fully genetically encoded bispecific antibodies consisting of a cytokine arm, which binds its cognate cytokine receptor, and a target-binding arm for the protein of interest. We show that KineTACs containing the cytokine CXCL12 can use the decoy recycling receptor, CXCR7, to target a variety of target proteins to the lysosome for degradation. Additional KineTACs were designed to harness other CXCR7-targeting cytokines, CXCL11 and vMIPII, and the interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor-targeting cytokine IL-2. Thus, KineTACs represent a general, modular, selective and simple genetically encoded strategy for inducing lysosomal delivery of extracellular and cell surface targets with broad or tissue-specific distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Pance
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,EpiBiologics, Inc., San Carlos, CA, USA
| | - Josef A Gramespacher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,EpiBiologics, Inc., San Carlos, CA, USA
| | - James R Byrnes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Fernando Salangsang
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Preclinical Therapeutics Core, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Juan-Antonio C Serrano
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Preclinical Therapeutics Core, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Adam D Cotton
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Veronica Steri
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Preclinical Therapeutics Core, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - James A Wells
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. .,Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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30
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Guo Y, Zheng Z, Mao S, Yang F, Wang R, Wang H, Liu J, Li C, Wang Q, Zhang W, Yao X, Liu S. Metabolic-associated signature and hub genes associated with immune microenvironment and prognosis in bladder cancer. Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:185-199. [PMID: 36250643 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between metabolism and immune microenvironment remains to be studied in bladder cancer (BCa). We aimed to construct a metabolic-associated signature for prognostic prediction and investigate its relationship with the immune microenvironment in BCa. The RNA expression of metabolism associated genes was obtained from a combined data set including The Cancer Genome Atlas, GSE48075, and GSE13507 to divide BCa patients into different clusters. A metabolic-associated signature was constructed using the differentially expressed genes between clusters in the combined data set and validated in the IMvigor210 trial and our center. The composition of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) was evaluated using the single-sample Gene Set Variation Analysis. BCa patients in Cluster A or high-risk level were associated with advanced clinicopathological features and poor survival outcomes. The percentage of high-risk patients was significantly lower in patients responding to anti-PD-L1 treatment. Compared with low-risk patients, the IC50 values of cisplatin and gemcitabine were significantly lower in high-risk patients. Thiosulfate transferase (TST) and S100A16 were significantly associated with clinicopathological features and prognosis. Downregulation of TST promoted BCa cell invasion, migration, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, which are inhibited by downregulation of S100A16. CD8 + T cells, neutrophils, and dendritic cells had higher infiltration in the TST low-level and the S100A16 high-level. Furthermore, loss of function TST and S100A16 significantly affected the expression of PD-L1 and CD47. The metabolic-associated signature can stratify BCa patients into distinct risk levels with different immunotherapeutic susceptibility and survival outcomes. Metabolism disorder promoted the dysregulation of immune microenvironment, thus contributing to immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Guo
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Urinary Oncology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zongtai Zheng
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyu Mao
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Urinary Oncology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fuhan Yang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Urinary Oncology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiliang Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Urinary Oncology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Urinary Oncology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Liu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Urinary Oncology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Urinary Oncology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinwan Wang
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wentao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Urinary Oncology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xudong Yao
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Urinary Oncology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shenghua Liu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Urinary Oncology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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31
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Ding L, Zheng Q, Lin Y, Wang R, Wang H, Luo W, Lu Z, Xie H, Ren L, Lu H, Yu C, Zhang J, Shen D, Cheng S, Xia L, Li G, Xue D. Exosome-derived circTFDP2 promotes prostate cancer progression by preventing PARP1 from caspase-3-dependent cleavage. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1156. [PMID: 36597139 PMCID: PMC9810792 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to play a significant role in tumorigenesis. However, the detailed function of circRNA in prostate cancer (PCa) is still largely unknown. METHODS We quantified circTFDP2 expression in PCa tissues and adjacent normal tissues using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Colony formation, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry, transwell, and in vivo progression and metastasis assays were applied to reveal the proliferation and metastatic abilities of circTFDP2 in PCa cells. Mass spectrometry, RNA pulldown, RNA-immunoprecipitation (RIP), western blotting and immunofluorescence were used for the mechanistic studies. qRT-PCR and RIP assays were used to explore the regulatory role of eIF4A3 in the biogenesis of circTFDP2. Finally, functional assays showed the effect of circTFDP2-containing exosomes on PCa cell progression. RESULTS circTFDP2 was upregulated in PCa tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. Furthermore, high circTFDP2 expression was positively correlated with the Gleason score. Functionally, circTFDP2 promoted PCa cell proliferation and metastasis both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, circTFDP2 interacted with poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) protein in its DNA-binding domain to prevent it from active caspase-3-dependent cleavage, and finally relieved PCa cells from DNA damage. In addition, RNA-binding protein eIF4A3 can interact with the flanking region of circTFDP2 and promote the biogenesis of circTFDP2. Moreover, exosome-derived circTFDP2 promoted PCa cell progression. CONCLUSIONS In general, our study demonstrated that circTFDP2 promoted PCa cell progression through the PARP1/DNA damage axis, which may be a promising therapeutic target for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Ding
- Department of UrologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Qiming Zheng
- Department of UrologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Yudong Lin
- Department of UrologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Ruyue Wang
- Department of UrologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of UrologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Wenqin Luo
- Department of UrologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Zeyi Lu
- Department of UrologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Haiyun Xie
- Department of UrologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Liangliang Ren
- Department of UrologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Haohua Lu
- Department of UrologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Chenhao Yu
- Department of UrologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Jixuan Zhang
- Department of UrologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Danyang Shen
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Sheng Cheng
- Department of UrologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Liqun Xia
- Department of UrologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Gonghui Li
- Department of UrologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Dingwei Xue
- Department of UrologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
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32
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Correlation of TROP-2 expression with clinical-pathological characteristics and outcome in triple-negative breast cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22498. [PMID: 36577919 PMCID: PMC9797547 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27093-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited data exist regarding the associations between TROP-2 protein expression, clinical-pathological characteristics, and outcome in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). TROP-2 expression was determined for patients diagnosed with TNBC between 2000 and 2017 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) (ab227689, Abcam) on whole slide tumor sections, and assessed as continuous and categorical variables (H-score high, 201-300, medium 100-200 and low < 100). We investigated the prognostic value of TROP-2 expression for relapse and survival, associations between TROP-2 expression and baseline patient and tumor characteristics, stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs), androgen receptor (AR), standardized mitotic index (SMI) and pathological complete response (pCR, in patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy) were assessed. We included 685 patients with a median age at diagnosis of 54 years (range 22-90 years). After median follow-up of 9.6 years, 17.5% of patients experienced distant relapse. TROP-2 expression was high, medium and low in 97 (16.5%), 149 (25.3%) and 343 (58.2%) of patients, respectively. The presence of LVI, associated DCIS, nodal involvement, apocrine histology and AR expression were correlated with higher TROP-2 levels. There were no associations between TROP-2 expression and sTILs, time-to-event outcomes, or pCR rate after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. TROP-2 expression is not associated with sTILs level and has no prognostic value in our cohort of stage 1-3 TNBC. However, an association with histotype and AR expression was found, suggesting a histotype specific TROP-2 expression pattern with highest expression in apocrine subtype, warranting further research.
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Lu B, Chen X, Liu X, Chen J, Qin H, Chen S, Zhao Y. C/D box small nucleolar RNA SNORD104 promotes endometrial cancer by regulating the 2'-O-methylation of PARP1. J Transl Med 2022; 20:618. [PMID: 36566215 PMCID: PMC9790134 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03802-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are dysregulated in many cancers, although their exact role in tumor genesis and progression remains unclear. METHODS The expression profiles of snoRNAs in endometrial cancer (EC) tissues were analyzed using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, and SNORD104 was identified as an upregulated snoRNA in EC. The tumorigenic role of SNORD104 in EC was established in CCK8, colony formation, EdU, apoptosis, Transwell, and in vivo xenograft experiments. The molecular mechanisms of SNORD104 were analyzed by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), Nm-seq, RTL-P assay, RNA stability assay, qRT-PCR, and western blotting. RESULTS Antisense oligonucleotide (ASO)-mediated knockdown of SNORD104 in Ishikawa cells significantly inhibited their proliferation, colony formation ability, migration, and invasion in vitro and increased apoptosis. On the other hand, overexpression of SNORD104 promoted EC growth in vivo and in vitro. RIP assay showed that SNORD104 binds to the 2'-O-methyltransferase fibrillarin (FBL), and according to the results of Nm-seq and RTL-P assay, SNORD104 upregulated PARP1 (encoding poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1) 2'-O-methylation. The binding of FBL to PARP1 mRNA was also verified by RIP assay. Furthermore, SNORD104 expression was positively correlated with PARP1 expression in EC tissues. In the presence of actinomycin D, SNORD104 increased the stability of PARP1 mRNA and promoted its nuclear localization. Finally, silencing FBL or PARP1 in the HEC1B cells overexpressing SNORD104 inhibited their proliferative and clonal capacities and increased apoptosis rates. CONCLUSIONS SNORD104 enhances PARP1 mRNA stability and translation in the EC cells by upregulating 2'-O-methylation and promotes tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingfeng Lu
- grid.417009.b0000 0004 1758 4591Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63 Duobao Raod, Liwan District, Guangzhou, 510150 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- grid.417009.b0000 0004 1758 4591Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63 Duobao Raod, Liwan District, Guangzhou, 510150 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Liu
- grid.417009.b0000 0004 1758 4591Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63 Duobao Raod, Liwan District, Guangzhou, 510150 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- grid.417009.b0000 0004 1758 4591Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63 Duobao Raod, Liwan District, Guangzhou, 510150 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Honglei Qin
- grid.417009.b0000 0004 1758 4591Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63 Duobao Raod, Liwan District, Guangzhou, 510150 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuo Chen
- grid.417009.b0000 0004 1758 4591Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63 Duobao Raod, Liwan District, Guangzhou, 510150 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhao
- grid.417009.b0000 0004 1758 4591Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63 Duobao Raod, Liwan District, Guangzhou, 510150 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
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Chou J, Trepka K, Sjöström M, Egusa EA, Chu CE, Zhu J, Chan E, Gibb EA, Badura ML, Contreras-Sanz A, Stohr BA, Meng MV, Pruthi RS, Lotan Y, Black PC, Porten SP, Koshkin VS, Friedlander TW, Feng FY. TROP2 Expression Across Molecular Subtypes of Urothelial Carcinoma and Enfortumab Vedotin-resistant Cells. Eur Urol Oncol 2022; 5:714-718. [PMID: 35216942 PMCID: PMC10262920 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) targeting TROP2, which has recently been approved for treatment-refractory metastatic urothelial cancer (UC). However, the variability of TROP2 expression across different bladder cancer (BC) subtypes, as well as after enfortumab vedotin (EV) exposure, remains unknown. Using gene expression data from four clinical cohorts with >1400 patient samples of muscle-invasive BC and a BC tissue microarray, we found that TROP2 mRNA and protein are highly expressed across basal, luminal, and stroma-rich subtypes, but depleted in the neuroendocrine subtype. In addition, TROP2 mRNA levels are correlated with NECTIN4 mRNA but are more highly expressed than NECTIN4 mRNA in patient cohorts and BC cell lines. Moreover, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockdown of TROP2 demonstrates that its expression is one factor governing SG sensitivity. After prolonged EV exposure, cells can downregulate NECTIN4, leading to EV resistance, but retain TROP2 expression and remain sensitive to SG, suggesting nonoverlapping resistance mechanisms to these ADCs. While our findings warrant further validation, they have significant implications for biomarker development, patient selection, and treatment sequencing in the clinic as well as clinical trial design and stratification for metastatic BC patients. PATIENT SUMMARY: In this report, we investigated the expression levels of the drug target TROP2 across different molecular subtypes of bladder cancer in multiple patient cohorts and cell lines. We found high levels of TROP2 in most subtypes except in the neuroendocrine subtype. Overall, TROP2 gene expression is higher than NECTIN4 gene expression, and cells resistant to enfortumab vedotin (EV), a NECTIN4-targeting antibody-drug conjugate, remain sensitive to sacituzumab govitecan (SG). Our findings suggest that SG may be effective across most bladder cancer subtypes, including the bladder cancers previously treated with EV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Chou
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Kai Trepka
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Martin Sjöström
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Emily A Egusa
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Carissa E Chu
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jun Zhu
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Emily Chan
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ewan A Gibb
- Decipher Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Michelle L Badura
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Bradley A Stohr
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maxwell V Meng
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Raj S Pruthi
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yair Lotan
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Peter C Black
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sima P Porten
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vadim S Koshkin
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Terence W Friedlander
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Felix Y Feng
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Wen Y, Ouyang D, Zou Q, Chen Q, Luo N, He H, Anwar M, Yi W. A literature review of the promising future of TROP2: a potential drug therapy target. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1403. [PMID: 36660684 PMCID: PMC9843409 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-5976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective Previous studies have demonstrated that the oncogene trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2) has great application prospects as a therapeutic target. However, few literature reviews have systematically summarized and evaluated its role in cancer therapy. This study aims to summarize the molecular structure, functions, signal transduction pathways, and prognostic value of TROP2, and explore therapeutic agents that target TROP2. Methods A total of 1,376 published literatures from PubMed and 614 published literatures from EMBASE were retrieved by searching "TROP2" or "Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2". The search was conducted on December 12, 2020, and updated on November 20, 2022. The cBioportal and GEPIA (Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis) databases were used to analyze the expression, mutation, and prognostic value of TROP2 in different types of cancer. Key Content and Findings TROP2 is overexpressed in different tumor tissues and plays roles in cell proliferation, invasion, migration, apoptosis, and treatment resistance by binding to or interacting with several molecules. As a therapeutic target, TROP2 is particularly suitable for antibody-based therapies. Monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), virus-like particles, and antibody drugs in combination with traditional chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radioimmunotherapy, photoimmunotherapy, and nanoparticles that target TROP2 have thus far been rapidly developed. For example, sacituzumab govitecan (IMMU-132), a TROP2-targeting ADC, was granted accelerated approval for the treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Anti-TROP2 antibody-conjugated nanoparticles (ST-NPs) are a promising vehicle for delivering doxorubicin in targeted TNBC therapy. Conclusions The availability of TROP2-targeting ADCs makes TROP2 an accessible and promising therapeutic target for advanced metastatic cancers. The present review describes the important role of TROP2 in tumorigenesis and its potential applications as a promising biomarker and therapeutic target that is capable of reversing resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dengjie Ouyang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiongyan Zou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qitong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Na Luo
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongye He
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Munawar Anwar
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenjun Yi
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Liu X, Deng J, Yuan Y, Chen W, Sun W, Wang Y, Huang H, Liang B, Ming T, Wen J, Huang B, Xing D. Advances in Trop2-targeted therapy: Novel agents and opportunities beyond breast cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 239:108296. [PMID: 36208791 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Trop2 is a transmembrane glycoprotein and calcium signal transducer with limited expression in normal human tissues. It is consistently overexpressed in a variety of malignant tumors and participates in several oncogenic signaling pathways that lead to tumor development, invasion, and metastasis. As a result, Trop2 has become an attractive therapeutic target in cancer treatment. The anti-Trop2 antibody-drug conjugate (Trodelvy™, sacituzumab govitecan) has been approved to treat metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. However, it is still unclear whether the success observed in Trop2-positive breast cancer could be replicated in other tumor types, owing to the differences in the expression levels and functions of Trop2 across cancer types. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on the structures and functions of Trop2 and highlight the potential diagnostic and therapeutic value of Trop2 beyond breast cancer. In addition, the promising novel Trop2-targeted agents in the clinic were discussed, which will likely alter the therapeutic landscape of Trop2-positive tumors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlin Liu
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Junwen Deng
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yang Yuan
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wujun Chen
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wenshe Sun
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Haiming Huang
- Shanghai Asia United Antibody Medical Co., Ltd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bing Liang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Tao Ming
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Jialian Wen
- School of Social Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Binghuan Huang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Dongming Xing
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Liu S, Alabi BR, Yin Q, Stoyanova T. Molecular mechanisms underlying the development of neuroendocrine prostate cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:57-68. [PMID: 35597438 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common non-cutaneous cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-associated deaths among men in the United States. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the standard of care for advanced prostate cancer. While patients with advanced prostate cancer initially respond to ADT, the disease frequently progresses to a lethal metastatic form, defined as castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). After multiple rounds of anti-androgen therapies, 20-25% of metastatic CRPCs develop a neuroendocrine (NE) phenotype. These tumors are classified as neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). De novo NEPC is rare and accounts for less than 2% of all prostate cancers at diagnosis. NEPC is commonly characterized by the expression of NE markers and the absence of androgen receptor (AR) expression. NEPC is usually associated with tumor aggressiveness, hormone therapy resistance, and poor clinical outcome. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms underlying the emergence of NEPC and provide insights into the future perspectives on potential therapeutic strategies for NEPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqin Liu
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Busola Ruth Alabi
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Qingqing Yin
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Tanya Stoyanova
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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Current and emerging therapies for neuroendocrine prostate cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 238:108255. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Özdemir BC, Arnold N, Fleischmann A, Hensel J, Klima I, Kruithof-de Julio M, Burkhard F, Hayoz S, Kiss B, Thalmann GN. Prediction of Biochemical Recurrence Based on Molecular Detection of Lymph Node Metastasis After Radical Prostatectomy. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022; 44:1-10. [PMID: 36185585 PMCID: PMC9520506 DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.2022.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Molecular detection of lymph node (LN) micrometastases by analyzing mRNA expression of epithelial markers in prostate cancer (PC) patients provides higher sensitivity than histopathological examination. Objective To investigate which type of marker to use and whether molecular detection of micrometastases in LNs was predictive of biochemical recurrence. Design, setting, and participants LN samples from PC patients undergoing radical prostatectomy with extended LN dissection between 2009 and 2011 were examined for the presence of micrometastases by both routine histopathology and molecular analyses. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis The mRNA expression of a panel of markers of prostate epithelial cells, prostate stem cell–like cells, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and stromal activation, was performed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The expression levels of these markers in LN metastases from three PC patients were compared with the expression levels in LN from five control patients without PC in order to identify the panel of markers best suited for the molecular detection of LN metastases. The predictive value of the molecular detection of micrometastases for biochemical recurrence was assessed after a follow-up of 10 yr. Results and limitations Prostate epithelial markers are better suited for the detection of occult LN metastases than molecular markers of stemness, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, or reactive stroma. An analysis of 1023 LNs from 60 PC patients for the expression of prostate epithelial cell markers has revealed different expression levels and patterns between patients and between LNs of the same patient. The positive predictive value of molecular detection of occult LN metastasis for biochemical recurrence is 66.7% and the negative predictive value is 62.5%. Limitations are sample size and the hypothesis-driven selection of markers. Conclusions Molecular detection of epithelial cell markers increases the number of positive LNs and predicts tumor recurrence already at surgery. Patient summary We show that a panel of epithelial prostate markers rather than single genes is preferred for the molecular detection of lymph node micrometastases not visible at histopathological examination.
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Hashemi M, Mirzaei S, Barati M, Hejazi ES, Kakavand A, Entezari M, Salimimoghadam S, Kalbasi A, Rashidi M, Taheriazam A, Sethi G. Curcumin in the treatment of urological cancers: Therapeutic targets, challenges and prospects. Life Sci 2022; 309:120984. [PMID: 36150461 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Urological cancers include bladder, prostate and renal cancers that can cause death in males and females. Patients with urological cancers are mainly diagnosed at an advanced disease stage when they also develop resistance to therapy or poor response. The use of natural products in the treatment of urological cancers has shown a significant increase. Curcumin has been widely used in cancer treatment due to its ability to trigger cell death and suppress metastasis. The beneficial effects of curcumin in the treatment of urological cancers is the focus of current review. Curcumin can induce apoptosis in the three types of urological cancers limiting their proliferative potential. Furthermore, curcumin can suppress invasion of urological cancers through EMT inhibition. Notably, curcumin decreases the expression of MMPs, therefore interfering with urological cancer metastasis. When used in combination with chemotherapy agents, curcumin displays synergistic effects in suppressing cancer progression. It can also be used as a chemosensitizer. Based on pre-clinical studies, curcumin administration is beneficial in the treatment of urological cancers and future clinical applications might be considered upon solving problems related to the poor bioavailability of the compound. To improve the bioavailability of curcumin and increase its therapeutic index in urological cancer suppression, nanostructures have been developed to favor targeted delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryamsadat Barati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic (Fundamental) Science, Shahr Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Sadat Hejazi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirabbas Kakavand
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Alireza Kalbasi
- Department of Pharmacy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore.
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Wu W, Yu F, Zhang P, Bu T, Fu J, Ai S, You Q, Shi L, Shao G, Wang F, Hodolic M, Guo H. 68Ga-DOTA-NT-20.3 Neurotensin Receptor 1 PET Imaging as a Surrogate for Neuroendocrine Differentiation of Prostate Cancer. J Nucl Med 2022; 63:1394-1400. [PMID: 35177423 PMCID: PMC9454456 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.121.263132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-negative neuroendocrine prostate cancer (PCa) is a subtype of PCa likely to be lethal, with limited clinical diagnostic and therapeutic options. High expression of neurotensin receptor subtype 1 (NTR1) is associated with neuroendocrine differentiation of PCa, which makes NTR1 a potential target for neuroendocrine PCa. In this study, the NTR1-targeted tracer 68Ga-DOTA-NT-20.3 was synthesized, and its affinity to androgen-dependent (LNCap) and androgen-independent (PC3) xenografts was determined. Methods: 68Ga-DOTA-NT-20.3 was labeled using an automated synthesizer module, and its stability, labeling yield, and radiochemical purity were analyzed by radio-high-performance liquid chromatography. Receptor binding affinity was evaluated in NTR1-positive PC3 cells by a competitive binding assay. The biodistribution of 68Ga-DOTA-NT-20.3 in vivo was evaluated in PC3 and LNCap xenografts by small-animal PET imaging. NTR1 expression was identified by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence evaluation. Results: 68Ga-DOTA-NT-20.3 was synthesized successfully, with a yield of 88.07% ± 1.26%, radiochemical purity of at least 99%, and favorable stability. The NTR1 affinity (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) for 68Ga-DOTA-NT-20.3 was 7.59 ± 0.41 nM. Small-animal PET/CT of PC3 xenograft animals showed high-contrast images with intense tumor uptake, which revealed specific NTR1 expression. The tumors showed significant radioactivity (4.95 ± 0.67 percentage injected dose per gram of tissue [%ID/g]) at 1 h, which fell to 1.95 ± 0.17 %ID/g (P < 0.01, t = 8.72) after specific blockage by neurotensin. LNCap xenografts had no significant accumulation (0.81 ± 0.06 %ID/g) of 68Ga-DOTA-NT-20.3 at 1 h. In contrast, 68Ga-PSMA-11 was concentrated mainly in LNCap xenografts (8.60 ± 2.11 %ID/g), with no significant uptake in PC3 tumors (0.53 ± 0.05 %ID/g), consistent with the in vitro immunohistochemistry findings. Biodistribution evaluation showed rapid clearance from the blood and main organs (brain, heart, lung, liver, muscle, and bone), with significantly high tumor-to-liver (4.41 ± 0.73) and tumor-to-muscle (12.34 ± 1.32) ratios at 60 min after injection. Conclusion: 68Ga-DOTA-NT-20.3 can be efficiently prepared with a high yield and high radiochemical purity. Its favorable biodistribution and prominent NTR1 affinity make 68Ga-DOTA-NT-20.3 a potential radiopharmaceutical for the detection of PSMA-negative PCa and identification of neuroendocrine differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengjun Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Bu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingjing Fu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuyue Ai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinqin You
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Shi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoqiang Shao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China;
| | - Marina Hodolic
- Nuclear Medicine Research Department, IASON, Graz, Austria; .,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic; and
| | - Hongqian Guo
- Department of Urology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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ImmunoPET for prostate cancer in the PSMA era: do we need other targets? Clin Transl Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40336-022-00520-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Cortesi M, Zanoni M, Maltoni R, Ravaioli S, Tumedei MM, Pirini F, Bravaccini S. TROP2 (trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2): a drug target for breast cancer. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:593-602. [PMID: 35962580 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2113513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer (BC) is the most common diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-associated death in women, with the triple negative (TNBC) subtype being characterized by the poorest prognosis. New therapeutic targets are urgently needed to overcome the high metastatic potential, aggressiveness and poor survival of these tumors. Trop2 transmembrane glycoprotein, acting as an intracellular calcium signal transducer, recently emerged as a new potential target in epithelial cancers, in particular in breast cancer. AREAS COVERED We summarize the key features of Trop2 structure and function, describing the therapeutic strategies targeting this protein in cancer. Particular attention is paid to antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), actually representing the most successful strategy. EXPERT OPINION ADCs targeting Trop2 recently received an accelerated FDA approval for the therapy of metastatic TNBC. The prospects for these novel ADCs in BC subtypes other than TNBC are discussed, taking into account the main pitfalls relative to Trop2 structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Cortesi
- IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Via Piero Maroncelli, 40, 47014, Meldola, Italy
| | - Michele Zanoni
- IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Via Piero Maroncelli, 40, 47014, Meldola, Italy
| | - Roberta Maltoni
- IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Via Piero Maroncelli, 40, 47014, Meldola, Italy
| | - Sara Ravaioli
- IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Via Piero Maroncelli, 40, 47014, Meldola, Italy
| | - Maria Maddalena Tumedei
- IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Via Piero Maroncelli, 40, 47014, Meldola, Italy
| | - Francesca Pirini
- IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Via Piero Maroncelli, 40, 47014, Meldola, Italy
| | - Sara Bravaccini
- IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Via Piero Maroncelli, 40, 47014, Meldola, Italy
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ATF2 loss promotes tumor invasion in colorectal cancer cells via upregulation of cancer driver TROP2. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:423. [PMID: 35838828 PMCID: PMC9287261 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04445-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In cancer, the activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) has pleiotropic functions in cellular responses to growth stimuli, damage, or inflammation. Due to only limited studies, the significance of ATF2 in colorectal cancer (CRC) is not well understood. We report that low ATF2 levels correlated with worse prognosis and tumor aggressiveness in CRC patients. NanoString gene expression and ChIP analysis confirmed trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2) as a novel inhibitory ATF2 target gene. This inverse correlation was further observed in primary human tumor tissues. Immunostainings revealed that high intratumoral heterogeneity for ATF2 and TROP2 expression was sustained also in liver metastasis. Mechanistically, our in vitro data of CRISPR/Cas9-generated ATF2 knockout (KO) clones revealed that high TROP2 levels were critical for cell de-adhesion and increased cell migration without triggering EMT. TROP2 was enriched in filopodia and displaced Paxillin from adherens junctions. In vivo imaging, micro-computer tomography, and immunostainings verified that an ATF2KO/TROP2high status triggered tumor invasiveness in in vivo mouse and chicken xenograft models. In silico analysis provided direct support that ATF2low/TROP2high expression status defined high-risk CRC patients. Finally, our data demonstrate that ATF2 acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting the cancer driver TROP2. Therapeutic TROP2 targeting might prevent particularly the first steps in metastasis, i.e., the de-adhesion and invasion of colon cancer cells.
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Prostate cancer histopathology using label-free multispectral deep-UV microscopy quantifies phenotypes of tumor aggressiveness and enables multiple diagnostic virtual stains. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9329. [PMID: 35665770 PMCID: PMC9167293 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13332-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying prostate cancer patients that are harboring aggressive forms of prostate cancer remains a significant clinical challenge. Here we develop an approach based on multispectral deep-ultraviolet (UV) microscopy that provides novel quantitative insight into the aggressiveness and grade of this disease, thus providing a new tool to help address this important challenge. We find that UV spectral signatures from endogenous molecules give rise to a phenotypical continuum that provides unique structural insight (i.e., molecular maps or “optical stains") of thin tissue sections with subcellular (nanoscale) resolution. We show that this phenotypical continuum can also be applied as a surrogate biomarker of prostate cancer malignancy, where patients with the most aggressive tumors show a ubiquitous glandular phenotypical shift. In addition to providing several novel “optical stains” with contrast for disease, we also adapt a two-part Cycle-consistent Generative Adversarial Network to translate the label-free deep-UV images into virtual hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained images, thus providing multiple stains (including the gold-standard H&E) from the same unlabeled specimen. Agreement between the virtual H&E images and the H&E-stained tissue sections is evaluated by a panel of pathologists who find that the two modalities are in excellent agreement. This work has significant implications towards improving our ability to objectively quantify prostate cancer grade and aggressiveness, thus improving the management and clinical outcomes of prostate cancer patients. This same approach can also be applied broadly in other tumor types to achieve low-cost, stain-free, quantitative histopathological analysis.
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Trop-2 in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:3911-3921. [PMID: 35735421 PMCID: PMC9222112 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29060312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop-2, encoded by TACSTD2) is the target protein of sacituzumab govitecan, a novel antibody-drug conjugate for locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma. However, the expression status of Trop-2 in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) remains unclear. We performed immunohistochemical analysis of 99 UTUC samples to evaluate the expression status of Trop-2 in patients with UTUC and analyze its association with clinical outcomes. Trop-2 was positive in 94 of the 99 UTUC samples, and high Trop-2 expression was associated with favorable progression-free survival (PFS) and cancer-specific survival (p = 0.0011, 0.0046). Multivariate analysis identified high Trop-2 expression as an independent predictor of favorable PFS (all cases, p = 0.045; high-risk group (pT3≤ or presence of lymphovascular invasion or lymph node metastasis), p = 0.014). Gene expression analysis using RNA sequencing data from 72 UTUC samples demonstrated the association between high TACSTD2 expression and favorable PFS (all cases, p = 0.069; high-risk group, p = 0.029). In conclusion, we demonstrated that Trop-2 is widely expressed in UTUC. Although high Trop-2 expression was a favorable prognostic factor in UTUC, its widespread expression suggests that sacituzumab govitecan may be effective for a wide range of UTUC.
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Xie Y, Ning S, Hu J. Molecular mechanisms of neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer progression. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:1813-1823. [PMID: 35633416 PMCID: PMC9189092 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04061-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Rapid evolution of the therapeutic management of prostate cancer, especially in in second-generation androgen inhibitors, has increased the opportunity of transformation from prostate cancer (PCa) to neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). NEPC still lacks effective diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Researches into the molecular characteristics of neuroendocrine differentiation is undoubtedly crucial to the discovery of new target genes for accurate diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Purpose In this review, we focus on the relevant genes and molecular mechanisms that have contributed to the transformation in the progression of PCa and discuss the potential targeted molecule that might improve diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic effectiveness. Methods The relevant literatures from PubMed have been reviewed for this article. Conclusion Several molecular characteristics influence the progression of neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer which will provide a novel sight for accurate diagnosis and target therapeutic intervention for patients with NEPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Xie
- Affiliated Renmin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang First People's Hospital, Zhenjiang, 212002, China
| | - Songyi Ning
- Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Jianpeng Hu
- Affiliated Renmin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang First People's Hospital, Zhenjiang, 212002, China.
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Yao B, Gao X, Dan M, Yuan C, Hu X, Sun Z, Hui X, Liu B, Ouyang P, Chen G. Selection of Payloads for Antibody-Drug Conjugates Targeting Ubiquitously Expressed Tumor-Associated Antigens: a Case Study. AAPS J 2022; 24:70. [PMID: 35624189 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-022-00720-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this work was to demonstrate which kind of payload is the suitable choice for antibody-drug conjugates directed to widely expressed tumor-associated antigen. Trop-2 is overexpressed in various solid tumors, but it is also present on the epithelium of several normal tissues. A well-designed anti-Trop-2 ADC demands a good balance of efficacy and toxicity. In this research, MMAE, SN-38, and DXd were selected as candidates for payloads of the anti-Trop-2 mAb SY02. The antitumor activities and safety profiles of these ADCs were investigated to compare the therapeutic windows. Robust in vitro cytotoxicity was observed on human pancreatic cancer cell CFPAC-1 and breast cancer cell MDA-MB-468 with IC50 generally in the subnanomolar range. Consistent with in vitro assay, SY02-DXd and SY02-SN-38 demonstrated superior efficacy in CFPAC-1 xenograft models with TGI rates of 98.2% and 87.3%, respectively. However, SY02-MMAE could hardly inhibit the tumor growth. Subsequently, antitumor activities of these ADCs were further compared in MDA-MB-468 xenograft model. Complete tumor regression was observed in SY02-DXd and SY02-MMAE groups, indicating their potent antitumor activities. In an exploratory safety and pharmacokinetic study, SY02-DXd demonstrated the best safety profile with minimal adverse events in cynomolgus monkeys, while SY02-MMAE exhibited severe on-target skin toxicity which caused death. In conclusion, SY02-DXd demonstrated superior efficacy and safety with the widest therapeutic window. Based on the efficacy and safety results, moderate cytotoxic payloads would be ideal choices for ADCs targeting ubiquitously expressed antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yao
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No.30 Puzhu Road, Nanjing, China.,CSPC Megalith Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd, No.226 Huanghe Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiao Gao
- CSPC Megalith Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd, No.226 Huanghe Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Mo Dan
- CSPC Megalith Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd, No.226 Huanghe Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Can Yuan
- CSPC Megalith Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd, No.226 Huanghe Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xixin Hu
- CSPC Megalith Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd, No.226 Huanghe Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhaopeng Sun
- CSPC Megalith Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd, No.226 Huanghe Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiwu Hui
- CSPC Megalith Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd, No.226 Huanghe Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Boning Liu
- CSPC Megalith Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd, No.226 Huanghe Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Pingkai Ouyang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No.30 Puzhu Road, Nanjing, China.
| | - Guoguang Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No.30 Puzhu Road, Nanjing, China.
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Hayashi T, Hinata N. Current status and future prospects of antibody-drug conjugates in urological malignancies. Int J Urol 2022; 29:1100-1108. [PMID: 35581739 DOI: 10.1111/iju.14925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates represent a promising new treatment option that uses the targeting ability of an antibody to deliver cytotoxic drugs directly to tumors. Antibody-drug conjugates provide the opportunity to deliver drugs to antigen-expressing cancer cells while minimizing toxicity to normal tissue, achieving wider therapeutic windows. To date, three antibody-drug conjugates have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, and many antibody-drug conjugates are under clinical development for urological malignancies. In this paper, we review the mechanism, history, and development of antibody-drug conjugates, and review the current landscape of antibody-drug conjugates in urological malignancies including 12 targets and 18 antibody-drug conjugates in prostate cancer, renal cancer, and urothelial cancer. Furthermore, we review the rational combination of antibody-drug conjugates with immune checkpoint inhibitors and consider future prospects to enhance the therapeutic activity of antibody-drug conjugates in urological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsutaro Hayashi
- Department of Urology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Hinata
- Department of Urology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima, Japan
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Rice MA, Kumar V, Tailor D, Garcia-Marques FJ, Hsu EC, Liu S, Bermudez A, Kanchustambham V, Shankar V, Inde Z, Alabi BR, Muruganantham A, Shen M, Pandrala M, Nolley R, Aslan M, Ghoochani A, Agarwal A, Buckup M, Kumar M, Going CC, Peehl DM, Dixon SJ, Zare RN, Brooks JD, Pitteri SJ, Malhotra SV, Stoyanova T. SU086, an inhibitor of HSP90, impairs glycolysis and represents a treatment strategy for advanced prostate cancer. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100502. [PMID: 35243415 PMCID: PMC8861828 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Among men, prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-associated mortality, with advanced disease remaining a major clinical challenge. We describe a small molecule, SU086, as a therapeutic strategy for advanced prostate cancer. We demonstrate that SU086 inhibits the growth of prostate cancer cells in vitro, cell-line and patient-derived xenografts in vivo, and ex vivo prostate cancer patient specimens. Furthermore, SU086 in combination with standard of care second-generation anti-androgen therapies displays increased impairment of prostate cancer cell and tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Cellular thermal shift assay reveals that SU086 binds to heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and leads to a decrease in HSP90 levels. Proteomic profiling demonstrates that SU086 binds to and decreases HSP90. Metabolomic profiling reveals that SU086 leads to perturbation of glycolysis. Our study identifies SU086 as a treatment for advanced prostate cancer as a single agent or when combined with second-generation anti-androgens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan A. Rice
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Vineet Kumar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Dhanir Tailor
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Cell, Development and Cancer Biology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Fernando Jose Garcia-Marques
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - En-Chi Hsu
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Shiqin Liu
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Abel Bermudez
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Vishnu Shankar
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Zintis Inde
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Busola Ruth Alabi
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Arvind Muruganantham
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michelle Shen
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mallesh Pandrala
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Cell, Development and Cancer Biology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Rosalie Nolley
- Department of Urology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Merve Aslan
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ali Ghoochani
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Arushi Agarwal
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mark Buckup
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Catherine C. Going
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Donna M. Peehl
- Department of Urology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Scott J. Dixon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Richard N. Zare
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - James D. Brooks
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Urology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sharon J. Pitteri
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sanjay V. Malhotra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Cell, Development and Cancer Biology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Tanya Stoyanova
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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