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Argentati C, Morena F, Guidotti G, Soccio M, Lotti N, Martino S. Tight Regulation of Mechanotransducer Proteins Distinguishes the Response of Adult Multipotent Mesenchymal Cells on PBCE-Derivative Polymer Films with Different Hydrophilicity and Stiffness. Cells 2023; 12:1746. [PMID: 37443780 PMCID: PMC10341130 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanotransduction is a molecular process by which cells translate physical stimuli exerted by the external environment into biochemical pathways to orchestrate the cellular shape and function. Even with the advancements in the field, the molecular events leading to the signal cascade are still unclear. The current biotechnology of tissue engineering offers the opportunity to study in vitro the effect of the physical stimuli exerted by biomaterial on stem cells and the mechanotransduction pathway involved in the process. Here, we cultured multipotent human mesenchymal/stromal cells (hMSCs) isolated from bone marrow (hBM-MSCs) and adipose tissue (hASCs) on films of poly(butylene 1,4-cyclohexane dicarboxylate) (PBCE) and a PBCE-based copolymer containing 50 mol% of butylene diglycolate co-units (BDG50), to intentionally tune the surface hydrophilicity and the stiffness (PBCE = 560 Mpa; BDG50 = 94 MPa). We demonstrated the activated distinctive mechanotransduction pathways, resulting in the acquisition of an elongated shape in hBM-MSCs on the BDG50 film and in maintaining the canonical morphology on the PBCE film. Notably, hASCs acquired a new, elongated morphology on both the PBCE and BDG50 films. We found that these events were mainly due to the differences in the expression of Cofilin1, Vimentin, Filamin A, and Talin, which established highly sensitive machinery by which, rather than hASCs, hBM-MSCs distinguished PBCE from BDG50 films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Argentati
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Biochemical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Perugia, 06122 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.)
| | - Francesco Morena
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Biochemical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Perugia, 06122 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.)
| | - Giulia Guidotti
- Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering Department, University of Bologna, 40131 Bologna, Italy; (G.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Michelina Soccio
- Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering Department, University of Bologna, 40131 Bologna, Italy; (G.G.); (M.S.)
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research on Advanced Applications in Mechanical Engineering and Materials Technology, CIRI-MAM, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Nadia Lotti
- Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering Department, University of Bologna, 40131 Bologna, Italy; (G.G.); (M.S.)
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research on Advanced Applications in Mechanical Engineering and Materials Technology, CIRI-MAM, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabata Martino
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Biochemical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Perugia, 06122 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.)
- CEMIN (Centro di Eccellenza Materiali Innovativi Nanostrutturali per Applicazioni Chimica Fisiche e Biomediche), University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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Hylton RK, Heebner JE, Grillo MA, Swulius MT. Cofilactin filaments regulate filopodial structure and dynamics in neuronal growth cones. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2439. [PMID: 35508487 PMCID: PMC9068697 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30116-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cofilin is best known for its ability to sever actin filaments and facilitate cytoskeletal recycling inside of cells, but at higher concentrations in vitro, cofilin stabilizes a more flexible, hyper-twisted state of actin known as “cofilactin”. While this filament state is well studied, a structural role for cofilactin in dynamic cellular processes has not been observed. With a combination of cryo-electron tomography and fluorescence imaging in neuronal growth cones, we observe that filopodial actin filaments switch between a fascin-linked and a cofilin-decorated state, and that cofilactin is associated with a variety of dynamic events within filopodia. The switch to cofilactin filaments occurs in a graded fashion and correlates with a decline in fascin cross-linking within the filopodia, which is associated with curvature in the bundle. Our tomographic data reveal that the hyper-twisting of actin from cofilin binding leads to a rearrangement of filament packing, which largely excludes fascin from the base of filopodia. Our results provide mechanistic insight into the fundamentals of cytoskeletal remodeling inside of confined cellular spaces, and how the interplay between fascin and cofilin regulates the dynamics of searching filopodia. In this manuscript the authors show that Filopodia switch between bundles of fascin-crosslinked actin and cofilin-decorated filaments, which exclude fascin binding due to altered structure and packing, as well as affect filopodial searching dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan K Hylton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jessica E Heebner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Michael A Grillo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Matthew T Swulius
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
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Reader JC, Fan C, Ory ECH, Ju J, Lee R, Vitolo MI, Smith P, Wu S, Ching MMN, Asiedu EB, Jewell CM, Rao GG, Fulton A, Webb TJ, Yang P, Santin AD, Huang HC, Martin SS, Roque DM. Microtentacle Formation in Ovarian Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030800. [PMID: 35159067 PMCID: PMC8834106 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of chemoresistance to paclitaxel and carboplatin represents a major therapeutic challenge in ovarian cancer, a disease frequently characterized by malignant ascites and extrapelvic metastasis. Microtentacles (McTNs) are tubulin-based projections observed in detached breast cancer cells. In this study, we investigated whether ovarian cancers exhibit McTNs and characterized McTN biology. METHODS We used an established lipid-tethering mechanism to suspend and image individual cancer cells. We queried a panel of immortalized serous (OSC) and clear cell (OCCC) cell lines as well as freshly procured ascites and human ovarian surface epithelium (HOSE). We assessed by Western blot β-tubulin isotype, α-tubulin post-translational modifications and actin regulatory proteins in attached/detached states. We studied clustering in suspended conditions. Effects of treatment with microtubule depolymerizing and stabilizing drugs were described. RESULTS Among cell lines, up to 30% of cells expressed McTNs. Four McTN morphologies (absent, symmetric-short, symmetric-long, tufted) were observed in immortalized cultures as well as ascites. McTN number/length varied with histology according to metastatic potential. Most OCCC overexpressed class III ß-tubulin. OCCC/OSC cell lines exhibited a trend towards more microtubule-stabilizing post-translational modifications of α-tubulin relative to HOSE. Microtubule depolymerizing drugs decreased the number/length of McTNs, confirming that McTNs are composed of tubulin. Cells that failed to form McTNs demonstrated differential expression of α-tubulin- and actin-regulating proteins relative to cells that form McTNs. Cluster formation is more susceptible to microtubule targeting agents in cells that form McTNs, suggesting a role for McTNs in aggregation. CONCLUSIONS McTNs likely participate in key aspects of ovarian cancer metastasis. McTNs represent a new therapeutic target for this disease that could refine therapies, including intraperitoneal drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn C. Reader
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (J.C.R.); (C.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.N.C.); (G.G.R.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
| | - Cong Fan
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (J.C.R.); (C.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.N.C.); (G.G.R.)
| | - Eleanor Claire-Higgins Ory
- Department of Physiology, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (E.C.-H.O.); (J.J.); (R.L.)
| | - Julia Ju
- Department of Physiology, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (E.C.-H.O.); (J.J.); (R.L.)
| | - Rachel Lee
- Department of Physiology, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (E.C.-H.O.); (J.J.); (R.L.)
| | - Michele I. Vitolo
- Department of Pharmacology, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (M.I.V.); (S.S.M.)
| | - Paige Smith
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (J.C.R.); (C.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.N.C.); (G.G.R.)
| | - Sulan Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Oberlin College, Oberlin, OH 44074, USA;
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Mc Millan Nicol Ching
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (J.C.R.); (C.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.N.C.); (G.G.R.)
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Division of Cancer Imaging, Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Emmanuel B. Asiedu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (E.B.A.); (T.J.W.)
| | - Christopher M. Jewell
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (C.M.J.); (H.-C.H.)
- Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
| | - Gautam G. Rao
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (J.C.R.); (C.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.N.C.); (G.G.R.)
| | - Amy Fulton
- Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
- Department of Pathology, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Tonya J. Webb
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (E.B.A.); (T.J.W.)
| | - Peixin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
| | - Alessandro D. Santin
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Smilow Cancer Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA;
| | - Huang-Chiao Huang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (C.M.J.); (H.-C.H.)
| | - Stuart S. Martin
- Department of Pharmacology, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (M.I.V.); (S.S.M.)
- Department of Pathology, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Dana M. Roque
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (J.C.R.); (C.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.N.C.); (G.G.R.)
- Correspondence:
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