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Huang P, Li L, Chen Y, Li Y, Zhu D, Cui J. Mitochondrial DNA drives neuroinflammation through the cGAS-IFN signaling pathway in the spinal cord of neuropathic pain mice. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220872. [PMID: 38840892 PMCID: PMC11151397 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is pivotal in the development of neuropathic pain (NeP). While mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (mtDNA) and cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) are recognized for inducing inflammation in various neurological disorders, their involvement in NeP remains ambiguous. In this study, we examined: (1) the changes in mtDNA and cGAS in mice with NeP induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve, whether mtDNA triggers inflammation via the cGAS signaling; (2) the effects of RU.521, a cGAS antagonist, on CCI-induced nociception (allodynia and hyperalgesia) and relative inflammatory protein expression; (3) the activation of microglia and the cGAS-IFN pathway mediated by mtDNA in BV2 cell; (4) the effect of RU.521 on mtDNA-induced inflammatory response in BV2 cells. Results revealed reduced mtDNA levels in the sciatic nerve but increased levels in the spinal cord of CCI mice, along with elevated cGAS expression and inflammatory factors. RU.521 alleviated nociceptive behaviors in CCI mice, possibly by normalizing cGAS levels and suppressing inflammation. Neuron-derived mtDNA provoked cellular activation and upregulated cGAS signaling in BV2 cells. Additionally, RU.521 and DNase I effectively inhibited cGAS-induced inflammation. These findings underscore the critical role of mtDNA accumulation and mtDNA-mediated cGAS signaling in NeP development after peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Huang
- Department of Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038China
| | - Yaohua Chen
- Department of Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038China
| | - Yuping Li
- Department of Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Department of Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038China
| | - Jian Cui
- Department of Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038China
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2
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Kovarik Z, Moshitzky G, Maček Hrvat N, Soreq H. Recent advances in cholinergic mechanisms as reactions to toxicity, stress, and neuroimmune insults. J Neurochem 2024; 168:355-369. [PMID: 37429600 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
This review presents recent studies of the chemical and molecular regulators of acetylcholine (ACh) signaling and the complexity of the small molecule and RNA regulators of those mechanisms that control cholinergic functioning in health and disease. The underlying structural, neurochemical, and transcriptomic concepts, including basic and translational research and clinical studies, shed new light on how these processes inter-change under acute states, age, sex, and COVID-19 infection; all of which modulate ACh-mediated processes and inflammation in women and men and under diverse stresses. The aspect of organophosphorus (OP) compound toxicity is discussed based on the view that despite numerous studies, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is still a vulnerable target in OP poisoning because of a lack of efficient treatment and the limitations of oxime-assisted reactivation of inhibited AChE. The over-arching purpose of this review is thus to discuss mechanisms of cholinergic signaling dysfunction caused by OP pesticides, OP nerve agents, and anti-cholinergic medications; and to highlight new therapeutic strategies to combat both the acute and chronic effects of these chemicals on the cholinergic and neuroimmune systems. Furthermore, OP toxicity was examined in view of cholinesterase inhibition and beyond in order to highlight improved small molecules and RNA therapeutic strategies and assess their predicted pitfalls to reverse the acute toxicity and long-term deleterious effects of OPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zrinka Kovarik
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gilli Moshitzky
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Hermona Soreq
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Dunaeva M, Blom J, Thurlings R, van Weijsten M, van de Loo FAJ, Pruijn GJM. Circulating tRNA-derived fragments are decreased in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and increased in patients with psoriatic arthritis. Biomarkers 2024; 29:90-99. [PMID: 38362802 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2024.2319297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) play an important role in immune responses. To clarify the role of tRFs in autoimmunity we studied circulating tRF-levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and in a murine model for arthritis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Circulating tRF-levels were quantified by miR-Q RT-qPCR. tRNA processing and modification enzyme expression was analysed by RT-qPCR and public transcriptomics data. RESULTS Significant reduction (up to 3-fold on average) of tRF-levels derived from tRNA-Gly-GCC,CCC, tRNA-Glu-CTC and tRNA-Val-CAC,AAC was observed in RA patients, whereas tRNA-Glu-CTC and tRNA-Val-CAC,AAC tRFs were found at significantly higher levels (up to 3-fold on average) in PsA patients, compared to healthy controls. Also in arthritic IL1Ra-KO mice reduced levels of tRNA-Glu-CTC fragments were seen. The expression of NSUN2, a methyltransferase catalysing tRNA methylation, was increased in RA-peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) compared to PsA, but this is not consistently supported by public transcriptomics data. DISCUSSION The observed changes of specific tRF-levels may be involved in the immune responses in RA and PsA and may be applicable as new biomarkers. CONCLUSION Circulating tRF-levels are decreased in RA and increased in PsA and this may, at least in part, be mediated by methylation changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Dunaeva
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Blom
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rogier Thurlings
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Margot van Weijsten
- Department of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Fons A J van de Loo
- Department of Rheumatology, Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ger J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Tzur Y, Winek K, Madrer N, Dubnov S, Bennett ER, Greenberg DS, Hanin G, Gammal A, Tam J, Arkin IT, Paldor I, Soreq H. Lysine tRNA fragments and miR-194-5p co-regulate hepatic steatosis via β-Klotho and perilipin 2. Mol Metab 2024; 79:101856. [PMID: 38141848 PMCID: PMC10805669 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) involves hepatic accumulation of intracellular lipid droplets via incompletely understood processes. Here, we report distinct and cooperative NAFLD roles of LysTTT-5'tRF transfer RNA fragments and microRNA miR-194-5p. METHODS Combined use of diet induced obese mice with human-derived oleic acid-exposed Hep G2 cells revealed new NAFLD roles of LysTTT-5'tRF and miR-194-5p. RESULTS Unlike lean animals, dietary-induced NAFLD mice showed concurrent hepatic decrease of both LysTTT-5'tRF and miR-194-5p levels, which were restored following miR-132 antisense oligonucleotide treatment which suppresses hepatic steatosis. Moreover, exposing human-derived Hep G2 cells to oleic acid for 7 days co-suppressed miR-194-5p and LysTTT-5'tRF levels while increasing lipid accumulation. Inversely, transfecting fattened cells with a synthetic LysTTT-5'tRF mimic elevated mRNA levels of the metabolic regulator β-Klotho while decreasing triglyceride amounts by 30% within 24 h. In contradistinction, antisense suppression of miR-194-5p induced accumulation of its novel target, the NAFLD-implicated lipid droplet-coating PLIN2 protein. Further, two out of 15 steatosis-alleviating screened drug-repurposing compounds, Danazol and Latanoprost, elevated miR-194-5p or LysTTT-5'tRF levels. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the different yet complementary roles of miR-194-5p and LysTTT-5'tRF and offer new insights into the complex roles of small non-coding RNAs and the multiple pathways involved in NAFLD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonat Tzur
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Katarzyna Winek
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel; The Edmond and Lily Safra Center of Brain Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nimrod Madrer
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Serafima Dubnov
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel; The Edmond and Lily Safra Center of Brain Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Estelle R Bennett
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David S Greenberg
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Geula Hanin
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Asaad Gammal
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Joseph Tam
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Isaiah T Arkin
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Iddo Paldor
- Shaare Zedek Medical Center, The Neurosurgery Department, Main Building, 10th Floor, 12 Shmu'el Bait Street, Jerusalem, 9103102 Israel
| | - Hermona Soreq
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel; The Edmond and Lily Safra Center of Brain Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Wang Y, Jiang R, Li M, Wang Z, Yang Y, Sun L. Characteristics of T Cells in Single-Cell Datasets of Peripheral Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid in Alzheimer's Disease Patients. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:S265-S280. [PMID: 38043012 PMCID: PMC11091562 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia, causing a huge socioeconomic burden. In parallel with the widespread uptake of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology, there has been a rapid accumulation of data produced by researching AD at single-cell resolution, which is more conductive to explore the neuroimmune-related mechanism of AD. Objective To explore the potential features of T cells in the peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid of AD patients. Methods Two datasets, GSE181279 and GSE134578, were integrated from GEO database. Seurat, Monocle, CellChat, scRepertoire, and singleR packages were mainly employed for data analysis. Results Our analysis demonstrated that in peripheral blood, T cells were significantly expanded, and these expanded T cells were possessed effector function, such as CD8+TEMRA, CD4+TEMRA, and CD8+TEM. Interestingly, CD8+TEMRA and CD4+TEMRA cells positioned adjacently after dimensions reduction and clustering. Notably, we identified that the expanded T cells were developed from Naïve T cells and TCM cells, and TEM cells was in the intermediate state of this developing process. Additionally, in cerebrospinal fluid of AD patients, the amplified T cells were mainly CD8+TEMRA cells, and the number and strength of communication between CD4+TEM, CD8+TEM, and CD8+TEMRA were decreased in AD patients. Conclusions Our comprehensive analyses identified the cells in cerebrospinal fluid from AD patients are expanded TEMRA or TEM cells and the TEMRA cells communicating with other immune cells is weakened, which may be an important immune feature that leads to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchun Wang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Neurology, Cognitive Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Richeng Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingxi Li
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Neurology, Cognitive Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zicheng Wang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Neurology, Cognitive Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Neurology, Cognitive Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Neurology, Cognitive Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Zeidler M, Tavares-Ferreira D, Brougher J, Price TJ, Kress M. NOCICEPTRA2.0 - A comprehensive ncRNA atlas of human native and iPSC-derived sensory neurons. iScience 2023; 26:108525. [PMID: 38162030 PMCID: PMC10755718 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are pivotal in gene regulation during development and disease. MicroRNAs have been extensively studied in neurogenesis. However, limited knowledge exists about the developmental signatures of other ncRNA species in sensory neuron differentiation, and human dorsal root ganglia (DRG) ncRNA expression remains undocumented. To address this gap, we generated a comprehensive atlas of small ncRNA species during iPSC-derived sensory neuron differentiation. Utilizing iPSC-derived sensory neurons and human DRG RNA sequencing, we unveiled signatures describing developmental processes. Our analysis identified ncRNAs associated with various sensory neuron stages. Striking similarities in ncRNA expression signatures between human DRG and iPSC-derived neurons support the latter as a model to bridge the translational gap between preclinical findings and human disorders. In summary, our research sheds light on the role of ncRNA species in human nociceptors, and NOCICEPTRA2.0 offers a comprehensive ncRNA database for sensory neurons that researchers can use to explore ncRNA regulators in nociceptors thoroughly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Zeidler
- Institute of Physiology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Omiqa Bioinformatics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Diana Tavares-Ferreira
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Theodore J. Price
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Michaela Kress
- Institute of Physiology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Shulman D, Dubnov S, Zorbaz T, Madrer N, Paldor I, Bennett DA, Seshadri S, Mufson EJ, Greenberg DS, Loewenstein Y, Soreq H. Sex-specific declines in cholinergic-targeting tRNA fragments in the nucleus accumbens in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:5159-5172. [PMID: 37158312 PMCID: PMC10632545 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Females with Alzheimer's disease (AD) suffer accelerated dementia and loss of cholinergic neurons compared to males, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Seeking causal contributors to both these phenomena, we pursued changes in transfer RNS (tRNA) fragments (tRFs) targeting cholinergic transcripts (CholinotRFs). METHODS We analyzed small RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) data from the nucleus accumbens (NAc) brain region which is enriched in cholinergic neurons, compared to hypothalamic or cortical tissues from AD brains; and explored small RNA expression in neuronal cell lines undergoing cholinergic differentiation. RESULTS NAc CholinotRFs of mitochondrial genome origin showed reduced levels that correlated with elevations in their predicted cholinergic-associated mRNA targets. Single-cell RNA seq from AD temporal cortices showed altered sex-specific levels of cholinergic transcripts in diverse cell types; inversely, human-originated neuroblastoma cells under cholinergic differentiation presented sex-specific CholinotRF elevations. DISCUSSION Our findings support CholinotRFs contributions to cholinergic regulation, predicting their involvement in AD sex-specific cholinergic loss and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Shulman
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Serafima Dubnov
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Tamara Zorbaz
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Nimrod Madrer
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Iddo Paldor
- The Neurosurgery Department, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel
| | - David A. Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, 600 South Paulina, Suite 1028, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- UT Health Medical Arts & Research Center, San Antonio , TX 78229, USA
| | - Elliott J. Mufson
- Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - David S. Greenberg
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Yonatan Loewenstein
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Department of Neurobiology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Department of Cognitive Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Federmann Center for the Study of Rationality, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Hermona Soreq
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
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Burzyńska M, Uryga A, Załuski R, Goździk A, Adamik B, Robba C, Goździk W. Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum Biomarker Insights in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage: Navigating the Brain-Heart Interrelationship for Improved Patient Outcomes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2835. [PMID: 37893210 PMCID: PMC10604203 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying severe cardiac dysfunction after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) remain poorly understood. In the present study, we focused on two categories of contributing factors describing the brain-heart relationship. The first group includes brain-specific cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum biomarkers, as well as cardiac-specific biomarkers. The secondary category encompasses parameters associated with cerebral autoregulation and the autonomic nervous system. A group of 15 aSAH patients were included in the analysis. Severe cardiac complications were diagnosed in seven (47%) of patients. In the whole population, a significant correlation was observed between CSF S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) (rS = 0.62; p = 0.040). Additionally, we identified a significant correlation between CSF neuron-specific enolase (NSE) with cardiac troponin I (rS = 0.57; p = 0.025) and BNP (rS = 0.66; p = 0.029), as well as between CSF tau protein and BNP (rS = 0.78; p = 0.039). Patients experiencing severe cardiac complications exhibited notably higher levels of serum tau protein at day 1 (0.21 ± 0.23 [ng/mL]) compared to those without severe cardiac complications (0.03 ± 0.04 [ng/mL]); p = 0.009. Impaired cerebral autoregulation was noted in patients both with and without severe cardiac complications. Elevated serum NSE at day 1 was related to impaired cerebral autoregulation (rS = 0.90; p = 0.037). On the first day, a substantial, reciprocal correlation between heart rate variability low-to-high frequency ratio (HRV LF/HF) and both GFAP (rS = -0.83; p = 0.004) and S100B (rS = -0.83; p = 0.004) was observed. Cardiac and brain-specific biomarkers hold the potential to assist clinicians in providing timely insights into cardiac complications, and therefore they contribute to the prognosis of outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Burzyńska
- Clinical Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.); (W.G.)
| | - Agnieszka Uryga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Załuski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Anna Goździk
- Institute of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Barbara Adamik
- Clinical Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.); (W.G.)
| | - Chiara Robba
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital, IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, 16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - Waldemar Goździk
- Clinical Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.); (W.G.)
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Weng YH, Yu WT, Luo YP, Liu C, Gu XX, Chen HY, Liu HB. Association between miR-365 polymorphism and ischemic stroke in a Chinese population. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1260230. [PMID: 37840919 PMCID: PMC10569467 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1260230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ischemic stroke (IS) represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality across the globe. The aberrant expression of miR-365 has been found to be implicated in a wide array of human diseases, including atherosclerosis and cancer. Studies on single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNA genes can help gain insight into the susceptibility to the condition. This study aimed to examine the relationship between miR-365 SNPs and the risk of IS. Methods The study recruited 215 IS patients and 220 controls. The SNPscans genotyping was employed to genotype three polymorphic loci (rs121224, rs30230, and rs178553) of miR-365. The relative expression of miR-365 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the patients and controls was determined by using real-time quantitative PCR. Results The miR-365 rs30230 polymorphism exhibited a significant association with the risk of developing IS (TC vs. CC: adjusted OR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.33-0.92, P = 0.022; TT vs. CC: adjusted OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.14-0.85, P = 0.021; TC +TT vs. CC: adjusted OR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.31-0.83, P = 0.007; T vs. C: adjusted OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.39-0.83, P = 0.004). Haplotype analysis revealed that the C-T-G haplotype was associated with a decreased risk of IS (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.46-1.00, P = 0.047). Furthermore, miR-365 expression was significantly higher in IS patients than in controls (P < 0.001). Interestingly, patients with rs30230 TC or TT genotypes had lower miR-365 levels compared to their counterparts with CC genotypes (P < 0.001). Conclusions The miR-365 rs30230 polymorphism might bear an association with IS susceptibility in the Chinese population, and the rs30230 TC/TT genotype might be a protective factor against IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Hua Weng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- College of Medical Laboratory Science, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Wen-Tao Yu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Yan-Ping Luo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- College of Medical Laboratory Science, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Xi-Xi Gu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Huo-Ying Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- College of Medical Laboratory Science, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Metabolic Reprogramming and Intelligent Medical Engineering for Chronic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Hong-Bo Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- College of Medical Laboratory Science, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Metabolic Reprogramming and Intelligent Medical Engineering for Chronic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
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van Zonneveld AJ, Zhao Q, Rotmans JI, Bijkerk R. Circulating non-coding RNAs in chronic kidney disease and its complications. Nat Rev Nephrol 2023; 19:573-586. [PMID: 37286733 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00725-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Post-transcriptional regulation by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) can modulate the expression of genes involved in kidney physiology and disease. A large variety of ncRNA species exist, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, piwi-interacting RNAs, small nucleolar RNAs, circular RNAs and yRNAs. Despite early assumptions that some of these species may exist as by-products of cell or tissue injury, a growing body of literature suggests that these ncRNAs are functional and participate in a variety of processes. Although they function intracellularly, ncRNAs are also present in the circulation, where they are carried by extracellular vesicles, ribonucleoprotein complexes or lipoprotein complexes such as HDL. These systemic, circulating ncRNAs are derived from specific cell types and can be directly transferred to a variety of cells, including endothelial cells of the vasculature and virtually any cell type in the kidney, thereby affecting the function of the host cell and/or its response to injury. Moreover, chronic kidney disease itself, as well as injury states associated with transplantation and allograft dysfunction, is associated with a shift in the distribution of circulating ncRNAs. These findings may provide opportunities for the identification of biomarkers with which to monitor disease progression and/or the development of therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Jan van Zonneveld
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Qiao Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Joris I Rotmans
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Roel Bijkerk
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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11
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Malhotra S, Miras MCM, Pappolla A, Montalban X, Comabella M. Liquid Biopsy in Neurological Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:1911. [PMID: 37508574 PMCID: PMC10378132 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The most recent and non-invasive approach for studying early-stage biomarkers is liquid biopsy. This implies the extraction and analysis of non-solid biological tissues (serum, plasma, saliva, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid) without undergoing invasive procedures to determine disease prognosis. Liquid biopsy can be used for the screening of several components, such as extracellular vesicles, microRNAs, cell-free DNA, cell-free mitochondrial and nuclear DNA, circulating tumour cells, circulating tumour DNA, transfer RNA, and circular DNA or RNA derived from body fluids. Its application includes early disease diagnosis, the surveillance of disease activity, and treatment response monitoring, with growing evidence for validating this methodology in cancer, liver disease, and central nervous system (CNS) disorders. This review will provide an overview of mentioned liquid biopsy components, which could serve as valuable biomarkers for the evaluation of complex neurological conditions, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, stroke, traumatic brain injury, CNS tumours, and neuroinfectious diseases. Furthermore, this review highlights the future directions and potential limitations associated with liquid biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny Malhotra
- Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Department of Neurology-Neuroimmunology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mari Carmen Martín Miras
- Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Department of Neurology-Neuroimmunology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agustín Pappolla
- Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Department of Neurology-Neuroimmunology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Montalban
- Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Department of Neurology-Neuroimmunology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Comabella
- Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Department of Neurology-Neuroimmunology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Yehuda H, Madrer N, Goldberg D, Soreq H, Meerson A. Inversely Regulated Inflammation-Related Processes Mediate Anxiety-Obesity Links in Zebrafish Larvae and Adults. Cells 2023; 12:1794. [PMID: 37443828 PMCID: PMC10341043 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Anxiety and metabolic impairments are often inter-related, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. To seek RNAs involved in the anxiety disorder-metabolic disorder link, we subjected zebrafish larvae to caffeine-induced anxiety or high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity followed by RNA sequencing and analyses. Notably, differentially expressed (DE) transcripts in these larval models and an adult zebrafish caffeine-induced anxiety model, as well as the transcript profiles of inherently anxious versus less anxious zebrafish strains and high-fat diet-fed versus standard diet-fed adult zebrafish, revealed inversely regulated DE transcripts. In both larval anxiety and obesity models, these included long noncoding RNAs and transfer RNA fragments, with the overrepresented immune system and inflammation pathways, e.g., the "interleukin signaling pathway" and "inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signaling pathway". In adulthood, overrepresented immune system processes included "T cell activation", "leukocyte cell-cell adhesion", and "antigen processing and presentation". Furthermore, unlike adult zebrafish, obesity in larvae was not accompanied by anxiety-like behavior. Together, these results may reflect an antagonistic pleiotropic phenomenon involving a re-adjusted modulation of the anxiety-metabolic links with an occurrence of the acquired immune system. Furthermore, the HFD potential to normalize anxiety-upregulated immune-related genes may reflect the high-fat diet protection of anxiety and neurodegeneration reported by others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hila Yehuda
- MIGAL—Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel; (H.Y.); (N.M.)
| | - Nimrod Madrer
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel; (H.Y.); (N.M.)
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Doron Goldberg
- MIGAL—Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel
- Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee 1220800, Israel;
| | - Hermona Soreq
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel; (H.Y.); (N.M.)
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Ari Meerson
- MIGAL—Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel
- Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee 1220800, Israel;
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13
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Huang C, Ding L, Ji J, Qiao Y, Xia Z, Shi H, Zhang S, Gan W, Zhang A. Expression profiles and potential roles of serum tRNA‑derived fragments in diabetic nephropathy. Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:311. [PMID: 37273759 PMCID: PMC10236146 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most important causes of end-stage renal disease and current treatments are ineffective in preventing its progression. Transfer RNA (tRNA)-derived fragments (tRFs), which are small non-coding fragments derived from tRNA precursors or mature tRNAs, have a critical role in various human diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the expression profile and potential functions of tRFs in DN. High-throughput sequencing technology was employed to detect the differential serum levels of tRFs between DN and diabetes mellitus and to validate the reliability of the sequencing results using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Ultimately, six differentially expressed (DE) tRFs were identified (P<0.05; |log2fold change| ≥1), including three upregulated (tRF5-GluCTC, tRF5-AlaCGC and tRF5-ValCAC) and three downregulated tRFs (tRF5-GlyCCC, tRF3-GlyGCC and tRF3-IleAAT). Potential functions and regulatory mechanisms of these DE tRFs were further evaluated using an applied bioinformatics-based analysis. Gene ontology analysis revealed that the DE tRFs are mainly enriched in biological processes, including axon guidance, Rad51 paralog (Rad51)B-Rad51C-Rad51D-X-Ray repair cross-complementing 2 complex, nuclear factor of activated T-cells protein binding and fibroblast growth factor-activated receptor activity. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis indicated that they are associated with axon guidance, neurotrophin signaling, mTOR signaling, AMPK signaling and epidermal growth factor receptor family signaling pathways. In conclusion, the present findings indicated that tRFs were DE in DN and may be involved in the regulation of DN pathology through multiple pathways, thereby providing a new perspective for the study of DN therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, P.R. China
| | - Ling Ding
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210031, P.R. China
| | - Jialing Ji
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, P.R. China
| | - Yunyang Qiao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, P.R. China
| | - Zihuan Xia
- School of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Huimin Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, P.R. China
| | - Shiting Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210031, P.R. China
| | - Weihua Gan
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, P.R. China
| | - Aiqing Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210031, P.R. China
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14
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Spinetti G, Mutoli M, Greco S, Riccio F, Ben-Aicha S, Kenneweg F, Jusic A, de Gonzalo-Calvo D, Nossent AY, Novella S, Kararigas G, Thum T, Emanueli C, Devaux Y, Martelli F. Cardiovascular complications of diabetes: role of non-coding RNAs in the crosstalk between immune and cardiovascular systems. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:122. [PMID: 37226245 PMCID: PMC10206598 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01842-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a group of metabolic disorders characterized by high levels of blood glucose caused by insulin defect or impairment, is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and related mortality. Patients with diabetes experience a state of chronic or intermittent hyperglycemia resulting in damage to the vasculature, leading to micro- and macro-vascular diseases. These conditions are associated with low-grade chronic inflammation and accelerated atherosclerosis. Several classes of leukocytes have been implicated in diabetic cardiovascular impairment. Although the molecular pathways through which diabetes elicits an inflammatory response have attracted significant attention, how they contribute to altering cardiovascular homeostasis is still incompletely understood. In this respect, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a still largely under-investigated class of transcripts that may play a fundamental role. This review article gathers the current knowledge on the function of ncRNAs in the crosstalk between immune and cardiovascular cells in the context of diabetic complications, highlighting the influence of biological sex in such mechanisms and exploring the potential role of ncRNAs as biomarkers and targets for treatments. The discussion closes by offering an overview of the ncRNAs involved in the increased cardiovascular risk suffered by patients with diabetes facing Sars-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Spinetti
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy.
| | - Martina Mutoli
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Greco
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Riccio
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Soumaya Ben-Aicha
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Franziska Kenneweg
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - David de Gonzalo-Calvo
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne Yaël Nossent
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Susana Novella
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia - INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Georgios Kararigas
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Fabio Martelli
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy.
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15
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Song J, Zhang X, Yin Y, Guo M, Zhao X, Wang L, Ren C, Yin Y, Zhang X, Deng X, Lu D. Loss of RPA1 Impairs Peripheral T Cell Homeostasis and Exacerbates Inflammatory Damage through Triggering T Cell Necroptosis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2206344. [PMID: 36721037 PMCID: PMC10104672 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The peripheral T cell pool is maintained at dynamic homeostasis through fine-tuning of thymic output and self-renewal of naïve T cells. Lymphopenia or reduced lymphocyte number is implicated in autoimmune diseases, yet little is known about the homeostatic mechanisms. Here, it is reported that the replication protein A1 (RPA1) plays a critical role in T cell homeostasis. Utilizing T cell-specific Rpa1-deficient (Rpa1fl/fl Cd4-cre) mice, loss of Rpa1 results in lymphopenia through restraining peripheral T cell population and limiting TCR repertoire diversity. Moreover, Rpa1fl/fl Cd4-cre mice exhibit increased susceptibility to inflammatory diseases, including colitis and hepatitis. Clinical analysis reveals that the expression of RPA1 is reduced in patients with ulcerative colitis or other autoinflammatory diseases. Mechanistically, depletion of RPA1 activates ZBP1-RIPK3 signaling through triggering the genomic DNA leakage into cytosol, consequently resulting in T cell necroptosis. This necroptotic T cell death induced by RPA1 deficiency allows the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which in turn recruits leukocytes and exacerbates inflammatory response. Reciprocally, chemical or genetic inhibition of necroptosis signaling can ameliorate the Rpa1 deficiency-induced inflammatory damage. The studies thus uncover the importance of RPA1-ZBP1-RIPK3 axis in T cell homeostasis and provide a promising strategy for autoinflammatory disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Song
- Department of Geriatric DentistryDepartment of Dental Materials & Dental Medical Devices Testing CenterNational Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical DevicesNMPA Key Laboratory for Dental MaterialsBeijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital StomatologyPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijing100081P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Institute of Systems BiomedicineDepartment of PathologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Yue Yin
- Institute of Systems BiomedicineDepartment of PathologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Mengfan Guo
- Institute of Systems BiomedicineDepartment of PathologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Xuyang Zhao
- Institute of Systems BiomedicineDepartment of PathologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Likun Wang
- Institute of Systems BiomedicineDepartment of PathologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Caixia Ren
- Department of Human AnatomyHistology and EmbryologyPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Yin
- Institute of Systems BiomedicineDepartment of PathologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Xuehui Zhang
- Department of Geriatric DentistryDepartment of Dental Materials & Dental Medical Devices Testing CenterNational Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical DevicesNMPA Key Laboratory for Dental MaterialsBeijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital StomatologyPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijing100081P. R. China
| | - Xuliang Deng
- Department of Geriatric DentistryDepartment of Dental Materials & Dental Medical Devices Testing CenterNational Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical DevicesNMPA Key Laboratory for Dental MaterialsBeijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital StomatologyPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijing100081P. R. China
| | - Dan Lu
- Institute of Systems BiomedicineDepartment of PathologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing100191P. R. China
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16
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Paldor I, Madrer N, Vaknine Treidel S, Shulman D, Greenberg DS, Soreq H. Cerebrospinal fluid and blood profiles of transfer RNA fragments show age, sex, and Parkinson's disease-related changes. J Neurochem 2023; 164:671-683. [PMID: 36354307 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Transfer RNA fragments (tRFs) have recently been shown to be an important family of small regulatory RNAs with diverse functions. Recent reports have revealed modified tRF blood levels in a number of nervous system conditions including epilepsy, ischemic stroke, and neurodegenerative diseases, but little is known about tRF levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). To address this issue, we studied age, sex, and Parkinson's disease (PD) effects on the distributions of tRFs in the CSF and blood data of healthy controls and PD patients from the NIH and the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) small RNA-seq datasets. We discovered that long tRFs are expressed in higher levels in the CSF than in the blood. Furthermore, the CSF showed a pronounced age-associated decline in the level of tRFs cleaved from the 3'-end and anti-codon loop of the parental tRNA (3'-tRFs, i-tRFs), and more pronounced profile differences than the blood profiles between the sexes. In comparison, we observed moderate age-related elevation of blood 3'-tRF levels. In addition, distinct sets of tRFs in the CSF and in the blood segregated PD patients from controls. Finally, we found enrichment of tRFs predicted to target cholinergic mRNAs (Cholino-tRFs) among mitochondrial-originated tRFs, raising the possibility that the neurodegeneration-related mitochondrial impairment in PD patients may lead to deregulation of their cholinergic tone. Our findings demonstrate that the CSF and blood tRF profiles are distinct and that the CSF tRF profiles are modified in a sex-, age-, and disease-related manner, suggesting that they reflect the inter-individual cerebral differences and calling for incorporating this important subset of small RNA regulators into future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iddo Paldor
- The Neurosurgery Department, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Nimrod Madrer
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shani Vaknine Treidel
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dana Shulman
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,The Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David S Greenberg
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hermona Soreq
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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17
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Shulman D, Dubnov S, Zorbaz T, Madrer N, Paldor I, Bennett DA, Seshadri S, Mufson EJ, Greenberg DS, Loewenstein Y, Soreq H. Sex-specific declines in cholinergic-targeting tRNA fragments in the nucleus accumbens in Alzheimer's disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.08.527612. [PMID: 36798311 PMCID: PMC9934682 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.08.527612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Females with Alzheimer's disease (AD) suffer accelerated dementia and loss of cholinergic neurons compared to males, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Seeking causal contributors to both these phenomena, we pursued changes in tRNA fragments (tRFs) targeting cholinergic transcripts (CholinotRFs). Methods We analyzed small RNA-sequencing data from the nucleus accumbens (NAc) brain region which is enriched in cholinergic neurons, compared to hypothalamic or cortical tissues from AD brains; and explored small RNA expression in neuronal cell lines undergoing cholinergic differentiation. Results NAc CholinotRFs of mitochondrial genome origin showed reduced levels that correlated with elevations in their predicted cholinergic-associated mRNA targets. Single cell RNA seq from AD temporal cortices showed altered sex-specific levels of cholinergic transcripts in diverse cell types; inversely, human-originated neuroblastoma cells under cholinergic differentiation presented sex-specific CholinotRF elevations. Discussion Our findings support CholinotRFs contributions to cholinergic regulation, predicting their involvement in AD sex-specific cholinergic loss and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Shulman
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Serafima Dubnov
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Tamara Zorbaz
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Nimrod Madrer
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Iddo Paldor
- The Neurosurgery Department, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel
| | - David A. Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, 600 South Paulina, Suite 1028, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- UT Health Medical Arts & Research Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Elliott J. Mufson
- Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - David S. Greenberg
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Yonatan Loewenstein
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Department of Neurobiology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Department of Cognitive Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Federmann Center for the Study of Rationality, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Hermona Soreq
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
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18
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Mathew BA, Katta M, Ludhiadch A, Singh P, Munshi A. Role of tRNA-Derived Fragments in Neurological Disorders: a Review. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:655-671. [PMID: 36348262 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03078-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
tRFs are small tRNA derived fragments that are emerging as novel therapeutic targets and regulatory molecules in the pathophysiology of various neurological disorders. These are derived from precursor or mature tRNA, forming different subtypes that have been reported to be involved in neurological disorders like stroke, Alzheimer's, epilepsy, Parkinson's, MELAS, autism, and Huntington's disorder. tRFs were earlier believed to be random degradation debris of tRNAs. The significant variation in the expression level of tRFs in disease conditions indicates their salient role as key players in regulation of these disorders. Various animal studies are being carried out to decipher their exact role; however, more inputs are required to transform this research knowledge into clinical application. Future investigations also call for high-throughput technologies that could help to bring out the other hidden aspects of these entities. However, studies on tRFs require further research efforts to overcome the challenges posed in quantifying tRFs, their interactions with other molecules, and the exact mechanism of function. In this review, we are abridging the current understanding of tRFs, including their biogenesis, function, relevance in clinical therapies, and potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of these neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blessy Aksa Mathew
- Complex Disease Genomics and Precision Medicine Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India, 151401
| | - Madhumitha Katta
- Complex Disease Genomics and Precision Medicine Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India, 151401
| | - Abhilash Ludhiadch
- Complex Disease Genomics and Precision Medicine Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India, 151401
| | - Paramdeep Singh
- Department of Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, Punjab, India, 151001
| | - Anjana Munshi
- Complex Disease Genomics and Precision Medicine Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India, 151401.
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19
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Zhan L, Mu Z, Jiang H, Zhang S, Pang Y, Jin H, Chen J, Jia C, Guo H. MiR-21-5p protects against ischemic stroke by targeting IL-6R. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2023; 11:101. [PMID: 36819547 PMCID: PMC9929760 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-6451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Ischemic stroke is a brain dysfunction disease caused by vascular obstruction. The expression of many kinds of microRNAs (miRNAs) is related to ischemic stroke. MiRNA has the ability to reduce or save ischemic injury. Therefore, we aimed to explore the protective miRNA in the ischemia-reperfusion process. Methods The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) peripheral RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) datasets of ischemic stroke patients were analyzed to search for differentially expressed miRNAs in the ischemia-reperfusion process. The expression level of miRNA in 60 patients with ischemic stroke and 23 age-matched healthy control inpatients was tested by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The significantly changed miRNAs were verified through comparison of the peripheral blood of healthy people and patients of the hospital. The in-vitro ischemia-reperfusion model was established through oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) treated HEMC-1 cells. The cell viabilities and cell apoptosis are detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, respectively. Apoptosis-related proteins including Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9 expression levels were verified by western blot. Predict the combination of hsa-miR-21-5p and interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) through TargetScan database, clone the 2964-2961 site of IL-6R-3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR), establish IL-6R-3'-UTR and IL-6R-3'-UTR mutant plasmids, copy and clone wild type and mutant IL-6R-3'-UTR into luciferase report vector pGL3 respectively, and detect the activity of luciferase. The expression of hsa-miR-21-5p was regulated by using hsa-miR-21-5p mimic and hsa-miR-21-5p inhibitor. Results Through RNA-seq analysis, it was revealed that "hsa-miR-548ar-3p", "hsa-miR-651-5p", "hsa-miR-142-3p", "hsa-miR-21-5p", and "hsa-miR-30e-5p" were notably lower in ischemia patients, and that "hsa-miR-21-5p" was significantly decreased in the peripheral blood of hospital patients. Luciferase assay showed that hsa-miR-21-5p could directly bind to the 3'-UTR of the IL-6R gene and inhibit IL-6R translation; the level of IL-6R was also elevated in patients. In the OGD-treated HMEC-1 cells, overexpressed hsa-miR-21-5p mimic could enhance cell viabilities and decrease cell apoptosis. Moreover, IL-6R overexpression could reduce the protective effects of hsa-miR-21-5p. Conclusions In the peripheral blood of ischemia patients, hsa-miR-21-5p is significantly decreased and IL-6R is elevated. The "hsa-miR-21-5p" could bind to the IL-6R gene and suppress IL-6R expression, thus alleviating the damage of OGD treatment in HMEC-1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Zhuang Mu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Shicun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yu Pang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Hongwei Jin
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Cuiying Jia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- Department of Biochemistry, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
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Blaze J, Akbarian S. The tRNA regulome in neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disease. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:3204-3213. [PMID: 35505091 PMCID: PMC9630165 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01585-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transfer (t)RNAs are 70-90 nucleotide small RNAs highly regulated by 43 different types of epitranscriptomic modifications and requiring aminoacylation ('charging') for mRNA decoding and protein synthesis. Smaller cleavage products of mature tRNAs, or tRNA fragments, have been linked to a broad variety of noncanonical functions, including translational inhibition and modulation of the immune response. Traditionally, knowledge about tRNA regulation in brain is derived from phenotypic exploration of monogenic neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases associated with rare mutations in tRNA modification genes. More recent studies point to the previously unrecognized potential of the tRNA regulome to affect memory, synaptic plasticity, and affective states. For example, in mature cortical neurons, cytosine methylation sensitivity of the glycine tRNA family (tRNAGly) is coupled to glycine biosynthesis and codon-specific alterations in ribosomal translation together with robust changes in cognition and depression-related behaviors. In this Review, we will discuss the emerging knowledge of the neuronal tRNA landscape, with a focus on epitranscriptomic tRNA modifications and downstream molecular pathways affected by alterations in tRNA expression, charging levels, and cleavage while mechanistically linking these pathways to neuropsychiatric disease and provide insight into future areas of study for this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Blaze
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. .,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Schahram Akbarian
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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21
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Distinct CholinomiR Blood Cell Signature as a Potential Modulator of the Cholinergic System in Women with Fibromyalgia Syndrome. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081276. [PMID: 35455956 PMCID: PMC9031252 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a heterogeneous chronic pain syndrome characterized by musculoskeletal pain and other key co-morbidities including fatigue and a depressed mood. FMS involves altered functioning of the central and peripheral nervous system (CNS, PNS) and immune system, but the specific molecular pathophysiology remains unclear. Anti-cholinergic treatment is effective in FMS patient subgroups, and cholinergic signaling is a strong modulator of CNS and PNS immune processes. Therefore, we used whole blood small RNA-sequencing of female FMS patients and healthy controls to profile microRNA regulators of cholinergic transcripts (CholinomiRs). We compared microRNA profiles with those from Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients with pain as disease controls. We validated the sequencing results with quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and identified cholinergic targets. Further, we measured serum cholinesterase activity in FMS patients and healthy controls. Small RNA-sequencing revealed FMS-specific changes in 19 CholinomiRs compared to healthy controls and PD patients. qRT-PCR validated miR-182-5p upregulation, distinguishing FMS patients from healthy controls. mRNA targets of CholinomiRs bone morphogenic protein receptor 2 and interleukin 6 signal transducer were downregulated. Serum acetylcholinesterase levels and cholinesterase activity in FMS patients were unchanged. Our findings identified an FMS-specific CholinomiR signature in whole blood, modulating immune-related gene expression.
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22
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Westendorp WF, Dames C, Nederkoorn PJ, Meisel A. Immunodepression, Infections, and Functional Outcome in Ischemic Stroke. Stroke 2022; 53:1438-1448. [PMID: 35341322 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.122.038867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Stroke remains one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Immediately after stroke, a neuroinflammatory process starts in the brain, triggering a systemic immunodepression mainly through excessive activation of the autonomous nervous system. Manifestations of immunodepression include lymphopenia but also dysfunctional innate and adaptive immune cells. The resulting impaired antibacterial defenses render patients with stroke susceptible to infections. In addition, other risk factors like stroke severity, dysphagia, impaired consciousness, mechanical ventilation, catheterization, and older age predispose stroke patients for infections. Most common infections are pneumonia and urinary tract infection, both occur in ≈10% of the patients. Especially pneumonia increases unfavorable outcome and mortality in patients with stroke; systemic effects like hypotension, fever, delay in rehabilitation are thought to play a crucial role. Experimental and clinical data suggest that systemic infections enhance autoreactive immune responses against brain antigens and thus negatively affect outcome but convincing evidence is lacking. Prevention of poststroke infections by preventive antibiotic therapy did not improve functional outcome after stroke. Immunomodulatory approaches counteracting immunodepression to prevent stroke-associated pneumonia need to account for neuroinflammation in the ischemic brain and avoid further tissue damage. Experimental studies discovered interesting targets, but these have not yet been investigated in patients with stroke. A better understanding of the pathobiology may help to develop optimized approaches of preventive antibiotic therapy or immunomodulation to effectively prevent stroke-associated pneumonia while improving long-term outcome after stroke. In this review, we aim to characterize epidemiology, risk factors, cause, diagnosis, clinical presentation, and potential treatment of poststroke immunosuppression and associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willeke F Westendorp
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands (W.F.W., P.J.N.)
| | - Claudia Dames
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Klinik für Neurologie mit Experimenteller Neurologie, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Germany (C.D., A.M.)
| | - Paul J Nederkoorn
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands (W.F.W., P.J.N.)
| | - Andreas Meisel
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Klinik für Neurologie mit Experimenteller Neurologie, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Germany (C.D., A.M.)
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23
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Cholinergic blockade of neuroinflammation – from tissue to RNA regulators. Neuronal Signal 2022; 6:NS20210035. [PMID: 35211331 PMCID: PMC8837817 DOI: 10.1042/ns20210035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory stimuli and consequent pro-inflammatory immune responses may facilitate neurodegeneration and threaten survival following pathogen infection or trauma, but potential controllers preventing these risks are incompletely understood. Here, we argue that small RNA regulators of acetylcholine (ACh) signaling, including microRNAs (miRs) and transfer RNA fragments (tRFs) may tilt the balance between innate and adaptive immunity, avoid chronic inflammation and prevent the neuroinflammation-mediated exacerbation of many neurological diseases. While the restrictive permeability of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) protects the brain from peripheral immune events, this barrier can be disrupted by inflammation and is weakened with age. The consequently dysregulated balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory processes may modify the immune activities of brain microglia, astrocytes, perivascular macrophages, oligodendrocytes and dendritic cells, leading to neuronal damage. Notably, the vagus nerve mediates the peripheral cholinergic anti-inflammatory reflex and underlines the consistent control of body–brain inflammation by pro-inflammatory cytokines, which affect cholinergic functions; therefore, the disruption of this reflex can exacerbate cognitive impairments such as attention deficits and delirium. RNA regulators can contribute to re-balancing the cholinergic network and avoiding its chronic deterioration, and their activities may differ between men and women and/or wear off with age. This can lead to hypersensitivity of aged patients to inflammation and higher risks of neuroinflammation-driven cholinergic impairments such as delirium and dementia following COVID-19 infection. The age- and sex-driven differences in post-transcriptional RNA regulators of cholinergic elements may hence indicate new personalized therapeutic options for neuroinflammatory diseases.
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24
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Xu XJ, Yang MS, Zhang B, Ge QQ, Niu F, Dong JQ, Zhuang Y, Liu BY. Genome-wide interrogation of transfer RNA-derived small RNAs in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:386-394. [PMID: 34269214 PMCID: PMC8463968 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.314315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transfer RNA (tRNA)-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are a recently established family of regulatory small non-coding RNAs that modulate diverse biological processes. Growing evidence indicates that tsRNAs are involved in neurological disorders and play a role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disease. However, whether tsRNAs are involved in traumatic brain injury-induced secondary injury remains poorly understood. In this study, a mouse controlled cortical impact model of traumatic brain injury was established, and integrated tsRNA and messenger RNA (mRNA) transcriptome sequencing were used. The results revealed that 103 tsRNAs were differentially expressed in the mouse model of traumatic brain injury at 72 hours, of which 56 tsRNAs were upregulated and 47 tsRNAs were downregulated. Based on microRNA-like seed matching and Pearson correlation analysis, 57 differentially expressed tsRNA-mRNA interaction pairs were identified, including 29 tsRNAs and 26 mRNAs. Moreover, Gene Ontology annotation of target genes revealed that the significantly enriched terms were primarily associated with inflammation and synaptic function. Collectively, our findings suggest that tsRNAs may be associated with traumatic brain injury-induced secondary brain injury, and are thus a potential therapeutic target for traumatic brain injury. The study was approved by the Beijing Neurosurgical Institute Animal Care and Use Committee (approval No. 20190411) on April 11, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jian Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng-Shi Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute; Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury and Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute; Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury and Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian-Qian Ge
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute; Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury and Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Niu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Qian Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute; Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury and Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute; Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury and Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bai-Yun Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute; Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury and Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University; Nerve Injury and Repair Center of Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
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25
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Ramos-Martínez IE, Rodríguez MC, Cerbón M, Ramos-Martínez JC, Ramos-Martínez EG. Role of the Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Reflex in Central Nervous System Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413427. [PMID: 34948222 PMCID: PMC8705572 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In several central nervous system diseases, it has been reported that inflammation may be related to the etiologic process, therefore, therapeutic strategies are being implemented to control inflammation. As the nervous system and the immune system maintain close bidirectional communication in physiological and pathological conditions, the modulation of inflammation through the cholinergic anti-inflammatory reflex has been proposed. In this review, we summarized the evidence supporting chemical stimulation with cholinergic agonists and vagus nerve stimulation as therapeutic strategies in the treatment of various central nervous system pathologies, and their effect on inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Emmanuel Ramos-Martínez
- Glycobiology, Cell Growth and Tissue Repair Research Unit (Gly-CRRET), Université Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), 94010 Créteil, France;
| | - María Carmen Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, SSA, Morelos 62100, Mexico;
| | - Marco Cerbón
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (E.G.R.-M.)
| | - Juan Carlos Ramos-Martínez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital General Regional Lic. Ignacio Garcia Tellez IMSS, Yucatán 97150, Mexico;
| | - Edgar Gustavo Ramos-Martínez
- Escuela de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca 68120, Mexico
- Instituto de Cómputo Aplicado en Ciencias, Oaxaca 68044, Mexico
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (E.G.R.-M.)
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26
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Sun B, Chen Z, Chi Q, Zhang Y, Gao B. Endogenous tRNA-derived small RNA (tRF3-Thr-AGT) inhibits ZBP1/NLRP3 pathway-mediated cell pyroptosis to attenuate acute pancreatitis (AP). J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:10441-10453. [PMID: 34643045 PMCID: PMC8581331 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous transfer RNA‐derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are newly identified RNAs that are closely associated with the pathogenesis of multiple diseases, but the involvement of tsRNAs in regulating acute pancreatitis (AP) development has not been reported. In this study, we screened out a novel tsRNA, tRF3‐Thr‐AGT, that was aberrantly downregulated in the acinar cell line AR42J treated with sodium taurocholate (STC) and the pancreatic tissues of STC‐induced AP rat models. In addition, STC treatment suppressed cell viability, induced pyroptotic cell death and cellular inflammation in AP models in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of tRF3‐Thr‐AGT partially reversed STC‐induced detrimental effects on the AR42J cells. Next, Z‐DNA‐binding protein 1 (ZBP1) was identified as the downstream target of tRF3‐Thr‐AGT. Interestingly, upregulation of tRF3‐Thr‐AGT suppressed NOD‐like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)‐mediated pyroptotic cell death in STC‐treated AR42J cells via degrading ZBP1. Moreover, the effects of tRF3‐Thr‐AGT overexpression on cell viability and inflammation in AR42J cells were abrogated by upregulating ZBP1 and NLRP3. Collectively, our data indicated that tRF3‐Thr‐AGT suppressed ZBP1 expressions to restrain NLRP3‐mediated pyroptotic cell death and inflammation in AP models. This study, for the first time, identified the role and potential underlying mechanisms by which tRF3‐Thr‐AGT regulated AP pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boshi Sun
- The 3rd Department of General Surgery, The 2ndAffiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhuomiaoyu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Chi
- The 3rd Department of General Surgery, The 2ndAffiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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27
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Winek K, Soreq H, Meisel A. Regulators of cholinergic signaling in disorders of the central nervous system. J Neurochem 2021; 158:1425-1438. [PMID: 33638173 PMCID: PMC8518971 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cholinergic signaling is crucial in cognitive processes, and degenerating cholinergic projections are a pathological hallmark in dementia. Use of cholinesterase inhibitors is currently the main treatment option to alleviate symptoms of Alzheimer's disease and has been postulated as a therapeutic strategy in acute brain damage (stroke and traumatic brain injury). However, the benefits of this treatment are still not clear. Importantly, cholinergic receptors are expressed both by neurons and by astrocytes and microglia, and binding of acetylcholine to the α7 nicotinic receptor in glial cells results in anti-inflammatory response. Similarly, the brain fine-tunes the peripheral immune response over the cholinergic anti-inflammatory axis. All of these processes are of importance for the outcome of acute and chronic neurological disease. Here, we summarize the main findings about the role of cholinergic signaling in brain disorders and provide insights into the complexity of molecular regulators of cholinergic responses, such as microRNAs and transfer RNA fragments, both of which may fine-tune the orchestra of cholinergic mRNAs. The available data suggest that these small noncoding RNA regulators may include promising biomarkers for predicting disease course and assessing treatment responses and might also serve as drug targets to attenuate signaling cascades during overwhelming inflammation and to ameliorate regenerative capacities of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Winek
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain SciencesThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life SciencesThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Hermona Soreq
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain SciencesThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life SciencesThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Andreas Meisel
- Department of Neurology with Experimental NeurologyCenter for Stroke Research BerlinNeuroCure Clinical Research CenterCharité‐Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
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28
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Zhu R, Xiao T, Wang Q, Zhao Y, Liu X. Genetic polymorphisms in lncRNAs predict recurrence of ischemic stroke. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:1353-1359. [PMID: 33818708 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00725-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Genetic polymorphisms in long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are considered as potential genetic biomarkers for the prediction of human complex diseases such as ischemic stroke (IS). However, so far, no reports have focused on the relationship of lncRNA polymorphisms with IS onset and prognosis. In our study, eight potential functional polymorphisms of four well-known lncRNAs (H19 rs2107425 and rs2251375, MALAT1 rs4102217 and rs3200401, MEG3 rs11160608 and rs4081134, SENCR rs4526784 and rs555172) were genotyped in 657 ischemic stroke patients. Then, the association between lncRNA polymorphisms and IS onset and recurrence were investigated. These lncRNA variants were not associated with age onset of IS. However, we observed that MEG3 rs4081134 AA genotype was statistically related with a reduced risk of stroke recurrence, particularly for patients with large-artery atherosclerotic stroke. Also, the decreased risk was more prominent in elders, non-smokers, non-drinkers and hypertensive patients. Furthermore, the variant genotype AA of rs4081134 was an independent predictor for IS recurrence using the multivariate Cox regression model. Our findings indicated that MEG3 rs4081134 can serve as a useful biomarker and potential therapeutic target in IS recurrence. More researches are needed to verify our results and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixia Zhu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Tongling Xiao
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Qianwen Wang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Yating Zhao
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
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29
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Fehlmann T, Kern F, Laham O, Backes C, Solomon J, Hirsch P, Volz C, Müller R, Keller A. miRMaster 2.0: multi-species non-coding RNA sequencing analyses at scale. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:W397-W408. [PMID: 33872372 PMCID: PMC8262700 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Analyzing all features of small non-coding RNA sequencing data can be demanding and challenging. To facilitate this process, we developed miRMaster. After the analysis of over 125 000 human samples and 1.5 trillion human small RNA reads over 4 years, we present miRMaster 2 with a wide range of updates and new features. We extended our reference data sets so that miRMaster 2 now supports the analysis of eight species (e.g. human, mouse, chicken, dog, cow) and 10 non-coding RNA classes (e.g. microRNAs, piRNAs, tRNAs, rRNAs, circRNAs). We also incorporated new downstream analysis modules such as batch effect analysis or sample embeddings using UMAP, and updated annotation data bases included by default (miRBase, Ensembl, GtRNAdb). To accommodate the increasing popularity of single cell small-RNA sequencing data, we incorporated a module for unique molecular identifier (UMI) processing. Further, the output tables and graphics have been improved based on user feedback and new output formats that emerged in the community are now supported (e.g. miRGFF3). Finally, we integrated differential expression analysis with the miRNA enrichment analysis tool miEAA. miRMaster is freely available at https://www.ccb.uni-saarland.de/mirmaster2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Fehlmann
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Fabian Kern
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Omar Laham
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Christina Backes
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jeffrey Solomon
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Pascal Hirsch
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Carsten Volz
- Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Andreas Keller
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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30
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Kern F, Aparicio-Puerta E, Li Y, Fehlmann T, Kehl T, Wagner V, Ray K, Ludwig N, Lenhof HP, Meese E, Keller A. miRTargetLink 2.0-interactive miRNA target gene and target pathway networks. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:W409-W416. [PMID: 34009375 PMCID: PMC8262750 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Which genes, gene sets or pathways are regulated by certain miRNAs? Which miRNAs regulate a particular target gene or target pathway in a certain physiological context? Answering such common research questions can be time consuming and labor intensive. Especially for researchers without computational experience, the integration of different data sources, selection of the right parameters and concise visualization can be demanding. A comprehensive analysis should be central to present adequate answers to complex biological questions. With miRTargetLink 2.0, we develop an all-in-one solution for human, mouse and rat miRNA networks. Users input in the unidirectional search mode either a single gene, gene set or gene pathway, alternatively a single miRNA, a set of miRNAs or an miRNA pathway. Moreover, genes and miRNAs can jointly be provided to the tool in the bidirectional search mode. For the selected entities, interaction graphs are generated from different data sources and dynamically presented. Connected application programming interfaces (APIs) to the tailored enrichment tools miEAA and GeneTrail facilitate downstream analysis of pathways and context-annotated categories of network nodes. MiRTargetLink 2.0 is freely accessible at https://www.ccb.uni-saarland.de/mirtargetlink2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Kern
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Yongping Li
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Tobias Fehlmann
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Tim Kehl
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland Informatics Campus, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Viktoria Wagner
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Kamalika Ray
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Nicole Ludwig
- Center for Human and Molecular Biology, Institute of Human Genetics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Lenhof
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland Informatics Campus, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Eckart Meese
- Center for Human and Molecular Biology, Institute of Human Genetics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Keller
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford 94304, CA, USA
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Kuscu C, Kiran M, Mohammed A, Kuscu C, Satpathy S, Wolen A, Bardhi E, Bajwa A, Eason JD, Maluf D, Mas V, Akalin E. Integrative Analyses of Circulating Small RNAs and Kidney Graft Transcriptome in Transplant Glomerulopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126218. [PMID: 34207555 PMCID: PMC8226568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transplant glomerulopathy develops through multiple mechanisms, including donor-specific antibodies, T cells and innate immunity. This study investigates circulating small RNA profiles in serum samples of kidney transplant recipients with biopsy-proven transplant glomerulopathy. Among total small RNA population, miRNAs were the most abundant species in the serum of kidney transplant patients. In addition, fragments arising from mature tRNA and rRNA were detected. Most of the tRNA fragments were generated from 5′ ends of mature tRNA and mainly from two parental tRNAs: tRNA-Gly and tRNA-Glu. Moreover, transplant patients with transplant glomerulopathy displayed a novel tRNA fragments signature. Gene expression analysis from allograft tissues demonstrated changes in canonical pathways related to immune activation such as iCos-iCosL signaling pathway in T helper cells, Th1 and Th2 activation pathway, and dendritic cell maturation. mRNA targets of down-regulated miRNAs such as miR-1224-5p, miR-4508, miR-320, miR-378a from serum were globally upregulated in tissue. Integration of serum miRNA profiles with tissue gene expression showed that changes in serum miRNAs support the role of T-cell mediated mechanisms in ongoing allograft injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canan Kuscu
- Transplant Research Institute, James D. Eason Transplant Institute, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (C.K.); (A.W.); (A.B.); (J.D.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-901-448-3162
| | - Manjari Kiran
- Department of Systems and Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India; (M.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Akram Mohammed
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA;
| | - Cem Kuscu
- Transplant Research Institute, James D. Eason Transplant Institute, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (C.K.); (A.W.); (A.B.); (J.D.E.)
| | - Sarthak Satpathy
- Department of Systems and Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India; (M.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Aaron Wolen
- Transplant Research Institute, James D. Eason Transplant Institute, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (C.K.); (A.W.); (A.B.); (J.D.E.)
| | - Elissa Bardhi
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (E.B.); (D.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Amandeep Bajwa
- Transplant Research Institute, James D. Eason Transplant Institute, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (C.K.); (A.W.); (A.B.); (J.D.E.)
| | - James D. Eason
- Transplant Research Institute, James D. Eason Transplant Institute, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (C.K.); (A.W.); (A.B.); (J.D.E.)
| | - Daniel Maluf
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (E.B.); (D.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Valeria Mas
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (E.B.); (D.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Enver Akalin
- Montefiore Medical Center, Abdominal Transplant Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10467, USA;
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