1
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Díaz-Varela M, Sanchez-Hidalgo A, Calderon-Copete S, Tacchini V, Shipley TR, Ramírez LG, Marquis J, Fernández OL, Saravia NG, Tacchini-Cottier F. The different impact of drug-resistant Leishmania on the transcription programs activated in neutrophils. iScience 2024; 27:109773. [PMID: 38711445 PMCID: PMC11070714 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance threatens the effective control of infections, including parasitic diseases such as leishmaniases. Neutrophils are essential players in antimicrobial control, but their role in drug-resistant infections is poorly understood. Here, we evaluated human neutrophil response to clinical parasite strains having distinct natural drug susceptibility. We found that Leishmania antimony drug resistance significantly altered the expression of neutrophil genes, some of them transcribed by specific neutrophil subsets. Infection with drug-resistant parasites increased the expression of detoxification pathways and reduced the production of cytokines. Among these, the chemokine CCL3 was predominantly impacted, which resulted in an impaired ability of neutrophils to attract myeloid cells. Moreover, decreased myeloid recruitment when CCL3 levels are reduced was confirmed by blocking CCL3 in a mouse model. Collectively, these findings reveal that the interplay between naturally drug-resistant parasites and neutrophils modulates the infected skin immune microenvironment, revealing a key role of neutrophils in drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Míriam Díaz-Varela
- Department of Immunobiology, WHO Collaborative Center for Research and Training in Immunology, University of Lausanne, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Sanchez-Hidalgo
- Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas, CIDEIM, Cali 760031, Colombia
- Universidad Icesi, Cali 760031, Colombia
| | - Sandra Calderon-Copete
- Lausanne Genomic Technologies Facility, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Virginie Tacchini
- Department of Immunobiology, WHO Collaborative Center for Research and Training in Immunology, University of Lausanne, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Tobias R. Shipley
- Department of Immunobiology, WHO Collaborative Center for Research and Training in Immunology, University of Lausanne, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Lady Giovanna Ramírez
- Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas, CIDEIM, Cali 760031, Colombia
- Universidad Icesi, Cali 760031, Colombia
| | - Julien Marquis
- Lausanne Genomic Technologies Facility, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olga Lucía Fernández
- Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas, CIDEIM, Cali 760031, Colombia
- Universidad Icesi, Cali 760031, Colombia
| | - Nancy Gore Saravia
- Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas, CIDEIM, Cali 760031, Colombia
- Universidad Icesi, Cali 760031, Colombia
| | - Fabienne Tacchini-Cottier
- Department of Immunobiology, WHO Collaborative Center for Research and Training in Immunology, University of Lausanne, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
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2
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Thaden JT, Ahn R, Ruffin F, Gjertson DW, Hoffmann A, Fowler VG, Yeaman MR. Use of Transcriptional Signatures to Differentiate Pathogen-Specific and Treatment-Specific Host Responses in Patients With Bacterial Bloodstream Infections. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:1535-1545. [PMID: 38001039 PMCID: PMC11095544 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical outcomes in bacterial bloodstream infections (BSIs) are influenced by bacterial species, host immunity, and antibiotic therapy. The mechanisms by which such factors influence outcomes are poorly understood. We aimed to identify bacterial- and antibiotic-specific host transcriptional signatures in patients with bacterial BSI. METHODS RNA sequencing was performed on blood samples from patients with BSI due to gram-negative (GN) versus gram-positive (GP) pathogens: Escherichia coli (n = 30) or Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 28) versus methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) (n = 24) or methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) (n = 58). Patients were matched by age, sex, and race. RESULTS No significant host transcriptome differences were detected in patients with E. coli versus K. pneumoniae BSI, so these were considered together as GN BSI. Relative to S. aureus BSI, patients with GN BSI had increased activation of the classic complement system. However, the most significant signal was a reduction in host transcriptional signatures involving mitochondrial energy transduction and oxidative burst in MRSA versus MSSA. This attenuated host transcriptional signature remained after controlling for antibiotic therapy. CONCLUSIONS Given the importance of immune cellular energetics and reactive oxygen species in eliminating hematogenous or intracellular MRSA, these findings may offer insights into its persistence relative to other bacterial BSIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua T Thaden
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Richard Ahn
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Felicia Ruffin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - David W Gjertson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Vance G Fowler
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Michael R Yeaman
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, Divisions of Molecular Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
- Institute for Infection & Immunity, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
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3
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Yang B, Wang D, Yu S, Zhang C, Ai J, Yu X. Breaking CHIPS-Mediated immune evasion with tripterin to promote neutrophil chemotaxis against MRSA infection. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111597. [PMID: 38295543 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most important innate immune cells in host defense against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, MRSA orchestrates precise and timely expression of a series of virulence factors, especially the chemotaxis inhibitory protein of Staphylococcus aureus (CHIPS), to evade neutrophil-mediated host defenses. Here, we demonstrated that tripterin, a plant-derived bioactive pentacyclic triterpenoid, had a low minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1.28 µg/mL and displayed excellent anti-MRSA activity in vitro and in vivo. RNA-seq and further knockdown experiments revealed that tripterin could dramatically downregulate the expression of CHIPS by regulating the SaeRS two-component regulatory system, thereby enhancing the chemotactic response of neutrophils. Furthermore, tripterin also displayed a potential inhibitory effect on biofilm components to enhance neutrophil infiltration into the interior of the biofilm. In a mouse bacteremia model, tripterin could still maintain an excellent therapeutic effect that was significantly better than that of the traditional antibiotic vancomycin. Overall, these results suggest that tripterin possesses a superior antibacterial activity via breaking CHIPS-mediated immune evasion to promote neutrophil chemotaxis, thus providing a novel strategy for combating serious pathogenic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoye Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Decheng Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Shi Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Chengwei Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Jing Ai
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Hainan Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, China
| | - Xiang Yu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Hainan Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, China.
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4
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Drigot ZG, Clark SE. Insights into the role of the respiratory tract microbiome in defense against bacterial pneumonia. Curr Opin Microbiol 2024; 77:102428. [PMID: 38277901 PMCID: PMC10922932 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
The respiratory tract microbiome (RTM) is a microbial ecosystem inhabiting different niches throughout the airway. A critical role for the RTM in dictating lung infection outcomes is underlined by recent efforts to identify community members benefiting respiratory tract health. Obligate anaerobes common in the oropharynx and lung such as Prevotella and Veillonella are associated with improved pneumonia outcomes and activate several immune defense pathways in the lower airway. Colonizers of the nasal cavity, including Corynebacterium and Dolosigranulum, directly impact the growth and virulence of lung pathogens, aligning with robust clinical correlations between their upper airway abundance and reduced respiratory tract infection risk. Here, we highlight recent work identifying respiratory tract bacteria that promote airway health and resilience against disease, with a focus on lung infections and the underlying mechanisms driving RTM-protective benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe G Drigot
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sarah E Clark
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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5
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Richardson IM, Calo CJ, Ginter EL, Niehaus E, Pacheco KA, Hind LE. Diverse bacteria elicit distinct neutrophil responses in a physiologically relevant model of infection. iScience 2024; 27:108627. [PMID: 38188520 PMCID: PMC10770534 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
An efficient neutrophil response is critical for fighting bacterial infections, which remain a significant global health concern; therefore, modulating neutrophil function could be an effective therapeutic approach. While we have a general understanding of how neutrophils respond to bacteria, how neutrophil function differs in response to diverse bacterial infections remains unclear. Here, we use a microfluidic infection-on-a-chip device to investigate the neutrophil response to four bacterial species: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus. We find enhanced neutrophil extravasation to L. monocytogenes, a limited overall response to S. aureus, and identify IL-6 as universally important for neutrophil extravasation. Furthermore, we demonstrate a higher percentage of neutrophils generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) when combating gram-negative bacteria versus gram-positive bacteria. For all bacterial species, we found the percentage of neutrophils producing ROS increased following extravasation through an endothelium, underscoring the importance of studying neutrophil function in physiologically relevant models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac M. Richardson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado – Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Christopher J. Calo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado – Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Eric L. Ginter
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado – Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Elise Niehaus
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado – Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Kayla A. Pacheco
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado – Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Laurel E. Hind
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado – Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
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6
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Wang G, Wei W, Luo Q, Chen L, Bao X, Tao X, He X, Zhan B, Liang H, Jiang J, Ye L. The role and mechanisms of PD-L1 in immune evasion during Talaromyces marneffei infection. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111255. [PMID: 37984251 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Talaromycosis, caused by Talaromyces marneffei (T. marneffei), is a systemic fungal disease that involves dissemination throughout the body. The ability of T. marneffei to evade the immune system is considered a crucial factor in its persistent infection, although the specific mechanisms are not yet fully understood. This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the occurrence of latent T. marneffei infection and immune evasion. The gene expression profile analysis in T. marneffei-infected mouse revealed that Pd-l1 exhibited the highest correlation strength with other hub genes, with a median of 0.60 (IQR: 0.50-0.69). T. marneffei infection upregulated the expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in PBMCs from HIV patients, which was also observed in the T. marneffei-infected mouse and macrophage models. Treatment with a PD-L1 inhibitor significantly reduced fungal burden in the liver and spleen tissues of infected mice and in the kupffer-CTLL-2 co-culture system. PD-L1 inhibitor treatment increased CTLL-2 cell proliferation and downregulated the expression of PD-1, SHP-2, and p-SHP-2, indicating the activation of T cell viability and T cell receptor signaling pathway. Additionally, treatment with a PI3K inhibitor downregulated PD-L1 in T. marneffei-infected kupffer cells. Similar results were observed with treatment using the T. marneffei cell wall virulence factor β-glucan. Overall, T. marneffei infection upregulated PD-L1 expression in HIV / T. marneffei patients, mice, and kupffer cells. Treatment with a PD-L1 inhibitor significantly reduced fungal burden, while activating T cell activity and proliferation, thereby promoting fungal clearance. Furthermore, the PI3K signaling pathway may be involved in the regulation of PD-L1 by T. marneffei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China; Institute of Oncology, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Wudi Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi-ASEAN Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Disease Prevention and Treatment, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi-ASEAN Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Disease Prevention and Treatment, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Lixiang Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiuli Bao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xing Tao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaotao He
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Baili Zhan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Hao Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi-ASEAN Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Disease Prevention and Treatment, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China.
| | - Junjun Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi-ASEAN Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Disease Prevention and Treatment, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China.
| | - Li Ye
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China.
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7
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Loredan DG, Devlin JC, Lacey KA, Howard N, Chen Z, Zwack EE, Lin JD, Ruggles KV, Khanna KM, Torres VJ, Loke P. Single-Cell Analysis of CX3CR1+ Cells Reveals a Pathogenic Role for BIRC5+ Myeloid Proliferating Cells Driven by Staphylococcus aureus Leukotoxins. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:836-843. [PMID: 37466391 PMCID: PMC10450158 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies identified a population of stem cell-like proliferating myeloid cells within inflamed tissues that could serve as a reservoir for tissue macrophages to adopt different activation states depending on the microenvironment. By lineage-tracing cells derived from CX3CR1+ precursors in mice during infection and profiling by single-cell RNA sequencing, in this study, we identify a cluster of BIRC5+ myeloid cells that expanded in the liver during chronic infection with either the parasite Schistosoma mansoni or the bacterial pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. In the absence of tissue-damaging toxins, S. aureus infection does not elicit these BIRC5+ cells. Moreover, deletion of BIRC5 from CX3CR1-expressing cells results in improved survival during S. aureus infection. Hence the combination of single-cell RNA sequencing and genetic fate-mapping CX3CR1+ cells revealed a toxin-dependent pathogenic role for BIRC5 in myeloid cells during S. aureus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis G. Loredan
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Joseph C. Devlin
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Keenan A. Lacey
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Nina Howard
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ze Chen
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Erin E. Zwack
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Jian-Da Lin
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Center for Computational and Systems Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kelly V. Ruggles
- Institute of Systems Genetics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Division of Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Kamal M. Khanna
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Victor J. Torres
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Program, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - P’ng Loke
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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8
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Wu Y, Chen T, Wang Y, Huang M, Wang Y, Luo Z. New insight into the virulence and inflammatory response of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from diabetic foot ulcers. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1234994. [PMID: 37577369 PMCID: PMC10416727 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1234994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) have less virulence, but still cause severe infections. Furthermore, hypovirulent S. aureus strains appear to be localized in the deep tissues of diabetic foot osteomyelitis, indicating that the unique environment within DFUs affects the pathogenicity of S. aureus. In this study, the cell-free culture medium (CFCM) of S. aureus strains isolated from DFUs exhibited higher cytotoxicity to human erythrocytes than those isolated from non-diabetic patients with sepsis or wounds. Among these S. aureus strains isolated from DFUs, β-toxin negative strains have less virulence than β-toxin positive strains, but induced a higher expression of inflammatory cytokines. Our study and previous studies have shown that the synergistic effect of phenol-soluble modulin α and β-toxin contributes to the higher hemolytic activity of β-toxin positive strains. However, lysis of human erythrocytes by the CFCM of β-toxin negative strains was greatly inhibited by an autolysin inhibitor, sodium polyanethole sulfonate (SPS). A high level of glucose greatly reduced the hemolytic activity of S. aureus, but promoted the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in human neutrophils. However, 5 mM glucose or glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) increased the hemolytic activity of SA118 (a β-toxin negative strain) isolated from DFUs. Additionally, patients with DFUs with growth of S. aureus had lower level of serum IL-6 than those with other bacteria, and the CFCM of S. aureus strains significantly reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-6 expression in human neutrophils. Therefore, the virulence and inflammatory response of S. aureus strains isolated from DFUs are determined by the levels of glucose and its metabolites, which may explain why it is the predominant bacteria isolated from DFUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ti Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanle Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mao Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yurong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhen Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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9
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Jiang F, Chen Y, Yu J, Zhang F, Liu Q, He L, Musha H, Du J, Wang B, Han P, Chen X, Tang J, Li M, Shen H. Repurposed Fenoprofen Targeting SaeR Attenuates Staphylococcus aureus Virulence in Implant-Associated Infections. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:1354-1373. [PMID: 37521790 PMCID: PMC10375895 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Implant-associated infections (IAIs) caused by S. aureus can result in serious challenges after orthopedic surgery. Due to biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance, this refractory infection is highly prevalent, and finding drugs to attenuate bacterial virulence is becoming a rational alternative strategy. In S. aureus, the SaeRS two-component system (TCS) plays a key role in the production of over 20 virulence factors and the pathogenesis of the bacterium. Here, by conducting a structure-based virtual screening against SaeR, we identified that fenoprofen, a USA Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), had excellent inhibitory potency against the response regulator SaeR protein. We showed that fenoprofen attenuated the virulence of S. aureus without drug resistance. In addition, it was helpful in relieving osteolysis and restoring the walking ability of mice in vitro and in implant-associated infection models. More importantly, fenoprofen treatment suppressed biofilm formation and changed the biofilm structure, which caused S. aureus to form loose and porous biofilms that were more vulnerable to infiltration and elimination by leukocytes. Our results reveal that fenoprofen is a potent antivirulence agent with potential value in clinical applications and that SaeR is a drug target against S. aureus implant-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jiang
- Department
of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People’s
Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Yingjia Chen
- Drug
Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research,
Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy
of Sciences, No.19A Yuan
Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinlong Yu
- Department
of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People’s
Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Feiyang Zhang
- Department
of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People’s
Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Lei He
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Hamushan Musha
- Department
of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People’s
Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Jiafei Du
- Department
of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People’s
Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Boyong Wang
- Department
of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People’s
Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Pei Han
- Department
of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People’s
Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Xiaohua Chen
- Department
of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Sixth People’s
Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Jin Tang
- Department
of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Sixth People’s
Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Min Li
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Faculty of
Medical Laboratory Science, Shanghai Jiaotong
University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hao Shen
- Department
of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People’s
Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200235, China
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10
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Hachani A, Giulieri SG, Guérillot R, Walsh CJ, Herisse M, Soe YM, Baines SL, Thomas DR, Cheung SD, Hayes AS, Cho E, Newton HJ, Pidot S, Massey RC, Howden BP, Stinear TP. A high-throughput cytotoxicity screening platform reveals agr-independent mutations in bacteraemia-associated Staphylococcus aureus that promote intracellular persistence. eLife 2023; 12:84778. [PMID: 37289634 DOI: 10.7554/elife.84778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus infections are associated with high mortality rates. Often considered an extracellular pathogen, S. aureus can persist and replicate within host cells, evading immune responses, and causing host cell death. Classical methods for assessing S. aureus cytotoxicity are limited by testing culture supernatants and endpoint measurements that do not capture the phenotypic diversity of intracellular bacteria. Using a well-established epithelial cell line model, we have developed a platform called InToxSa (intracellular toxicity of S. aureus) to quantify intracellular cytotoxic S. aureus phenotypes. Studying a panel of 387 S. aureus bacteraemia isolates, and combined with comparative, statistical, and functional genomics, our platform identified mutations in S. aureus clinical isolates that reduced bacterial cytotoxicity and promoted intracellular persistence. In addition to numerous convergent mutations in the Agr quorum sensing system, our approach detected mutations in other loci that also impacted cytotoxicity and intracellular persistence. We discovered that clinical mutations in ausA, encoding the aureusimine non-ribosomal peptide synthetase, reduced S. aureus cytotoxicity, and increased intracellular persistence. InToxSa is a versatile, high-throughput cell-based phenomics platform and we showcase its utility by identifying clinically relevant S. aureus pathoadaptive mutations that promote intracellular residency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrahman Hachani
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stefano G Giulieri
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Romain Guérillot
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Calum J Walsh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marion Herisse
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ye Mon Soe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sarah L Baines
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David R Thomas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Microbiology and Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Shane Doris Cheung
- Biological Optical Microscopy Platform, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ashleigh S Hayes
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ellie Cho
- Biological Optical Microscopy Platform, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hayley J Newton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Microbiology and Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Sacha Pidot
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ruth C Massey
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin P Howden
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Timothy P Stinear
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Loredan DG, Devlin JC, Lacey KA, Howard N, Chen Z, Zwack EE, Lin JD, Ruggles KV, Khanna KM, Torres VJ, Loke PN. Single-cell analysis of CX3CR1 + cells reveal a pathogenic role for BIRC5 + myeloid proliferating cells driven by Staphylococcus aureus leukotoxins. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.27.529760. [PMID: 36909517 PMCID: PMC10002671 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.27.529760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies identified a population of stem cell-like proliferating myeloid cells within inflamed tissues that could serve as a reservoir for tissue macrophages to adopt different activation states depending on the microenvironment. By lineage tracing cells derived from CX3CR1 + precursors in mice during infection and profiling by scRNA-seq, here we identify a cluster of BIRC5 + myeloid cells that expanded in the liver during either chronic infection with the parasite Schistosoma mansoni or the bacterial pathogen Staphylococcus aureus . In the absence of tissue damaging toxins, S. aureus infection does not elicit these BIRC5 + cells. Moreover, deletion of BIRC5 from CX3CR1 expressing cells results in improved survival during S. aureus infection. Hence, the combination of scRNA-Seq and genetic fate mapping CX3CR1 + cells revealed a toxin dependent pathogenic role for BIRC5 in myeloid cells during S. aureus infection.
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