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Lampe N, Marin P, Coulon M, Micheau P, Maigne L, Sarramia D, Piquemal F, Incerti S, Biron DG, Ghio C, Sime-Ngando T, Hindre T, Breton V. Reducing the ionizing radiation background does not significantly affect the evolution of Escherichia coli populations over 500 generations. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14891. [PMID: 31624294 PMCID: PMC6797783 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51519-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Over millennia, life has been exposed to ionizing radiation from cosmic rays and natural radioisotopes. Biological experiments in underground laboratories have recently demonstrated that the contemporary terrestrial radiation background impacts the physiology of living organisms, yet the evolutionary consequences of this biological stress have not been investigated. Explaining the mechanisms that give rise to the results of underground biological experiments remains difficult, and it has been speculated that hereditary mechanisms may be involved. Here, we have used evolution experiments in standard and very low-radiation backgrounds to demonstrate that environmental ionizing radiation does not significantly impact the evolutionary trajectories of E. coli bacterial populations in a 500 generations evolution experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathanael Lampe
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pierre Marin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marianne Coulon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pierre Micheau
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lydia Maigne
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Sarramia
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Fabrice Piquemal
- Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane, 1125 Route de Bardonèche, F-73500, Modane, France
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3, CENBG, F-33170, Gradignan, France
| | - Sébastien Incerti
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3, CENBG, F-33170, Gradignan, France
| | - David G Biron
- CNRS UMR 6023, Université Clermont-Auvergne, Laboratoire "Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement" (LMGE), F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Camille Ghio
- CNRS UMR 6023, Université Clermont-Auvergne, Laboratoire "Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement" (LMGE), F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Télesphore Sime-Ngando
- CNRS UMR 6023, Université Clermont-Auvergne, Laboratoire "Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement" (LMGE), F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Thomas Hindre
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, F-38000, Grenoble, France.
| | - Vincent Breton
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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3
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Taurino I, Massa S, Sanzó G, Aleman J, Flavia B, Shin SR, Zhang YS, Dokmeci MR, De Micheli G, Carrara S, Khademhosseini A. Platinum nanopetal-based potassium sensors for acute cell death monitoring. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra01664b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel potassium-selective electrode based on Pt nanopetals has been used for monitoring potassium efflux from cells as due to two death mechanisms: osmotic shock in DI water and necro-apoptosis by drug overdose.
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4
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Cambien B, Franken PR, Lamit A, Mauxion T, Richard-Fiardo P, Guglielmi J, Crescence L, Mari B, Pourcher T, Darcourt J, Bardiès M, Vassaux G. ⁹⁹mTcO₄--, auger-mediated thyroid stunning: dosimetric requirements and associated molecular events. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92729. [PMID: 24663284 PMCID: PMC3963936 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-energy Auger and conversion electrons deposit their energy in a very small volume (a few nm3) around the site of emission. From a radiotoxicological point of view the effects of low-energy electrons on normal tissues are largely unknown, understudied, and generally assumed to be negligible. In this context, the discovery that the low-energy electron emitter, 99mTc, can induce stunning on primary thyrocytes in vitro, at low absorbed doses, is intriguing. Extrapolated in vivo, this observation suggests that a radioisotope as commonly used in nuclear medicine as 99mTc may significantly influence thyroid physiology. The aims of this study were to determine whether 99mTc pertechnetate (99mTcO4−) is capable of inducing thyroid stunning in vivo, to evaluate the absorbed dose of 99mTcO4− required to induce this stunning, and to analyze the biological events associated/concomitant with this effect. Our results show that 99mTcO4−–mediated thyroid stunning can be observed in vivo in mouse thyroid. The threshold of the absorbed dose in the thyroid required to obtain a significant stunning effect is in the range of 20 Gy. This effect is associated with a reduced level of functional Na/I symporter (NIS) protein, with no significant cell death. It is reversible within a few days. At the cellular and molecular levels, a decrease in NIS mRNA, the generation of double-strand DNA breaks, and the activation of the p53 pathway are observed. Low-energy electrons emitted by 99mTc can, therefore, induce thyroid stunning in vivo in mice, if it is exposed to an absorbed dose of at least 20 Gy, a level unlikely to be encountered in clinical practice. Nevertheless this report presents an unexpected effect of low-energy electrons on a normal tissue in vivo, and provides a unique experimental setup to understand the fine molecular mechanisms involved in their biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Cambien
- Laboratoire TIRO, UMRE 4320, iBEB, DSV, CEA, Nice, France
- Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
- Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Department of nuclear medicine, Nice, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Philippe R. Franken
- Laboratoire TIRO, UMRE 4320, iBEB, DSV, CEA, Nice, France
- Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
- Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Department of nuclear medicine, Nice, France
| | - Audrey Lamit
- Laboratoire TIRO, UMRE 4320, iBEB, DSV, CEA, Nice, France
- Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
- Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Department of nuclear medicine, Nice, France
| | - Thibault Mauxion
- UMR 1037 INSERM/UPS, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Peggy Richard-Fiardo
- Laboratoire TIRO, UMRE 4320, iBEB, DSV, CEA, Nice, France
- Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
- Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Department of nuclear medicine, Nice, France
| | - Julien Guglielmi
- Laboratoire TIRO, UMRE 4320, iBEB, DSV, CEA, Nice, France
- Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
- Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Department of nuclear medicine, Nice, France
| | - Lydie Crescence
- Laboratoire TIRO, UMRE 4320, iBEB, DSV, CEA, Nice, France
- Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
- Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Department of nuclear medicine, Nice, France
| | - Bernard Mari
- Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire-IPMC, CNRS UMR 7275, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Thierry Pourcher
- Laboratoire TIRO, UMRE 4320, iBEB, DSV, CEA, Nice, France
- Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
- Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Department of nuclear medicine, Nice, France
| | - Jacques Darcourt
- Laboratoire TIRO, UMRE 4320, iBEB, DSV, CEA, Nice, France
- Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
- Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Department of nuclear medicine, Nice, France
| | - Manuel Bardiès
- UMR 1037 INSERM/UPS, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Georges Vassaux
- Laboratoire TIRO, UMRE 4320, iBEB, DSV, CEA, Nice, France
- Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
- Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Department of nuclear medicine, Nice, France
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7
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Abstract
Radioactivity in the continental crust (due mainly to the isotopes 238U, 235U, 232Th and 40K), as a energy source for chemical evolution in the early Archean (between 3.5 and approximately 4 Ga bp), is reviewed. The most important radioactive source in the continental crust is due to the production and accumulation of radioactive gases within the crust voids (porosity). The study of such mechanism has allowed us to reach a deeper understanding about the nature of the radioactive source and to describe its behavior, particularly with regard to prebiotic chemical evolution. An effective total energy of 3 x 10(18) Ja-1 has been obtained for a depth of 1 km, 4 Ga ago. If a depth of 30 km is taken, the obtained value is almost equal to the UV solar energy radiation (lambda < 150 nm). Within the voids the radioactive source of the continental crust played a relevant role in prebiotic synthesis. In uranium deposits of the same age, the role of radioactivity must have been even more relevant in favoring chemical evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Garzón
- Departamento de Energía, Universidad, Independencia, 13, 33004-Oviedo, Spain
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Fleck CM, Schöllnberger H, Kottbauer MM, Dockal T, Prüfert U. Modeling radioprotective mechanisms in the dose effect relation at low doses and low dose rates of ionizing radiation. Math Biosci 1999; 155:13-44. [PMID: 10024833 DOI: 10.1016/s0025-5564(98)10053-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A new model (Random Coincidence Model--Radiation Adapted (RCM-RA)) is proposed which explains a possible pseudo threshold for stochastic radiation effects. It describes the formation of cancer in the case of multistep fixation of lesions in the critical regions of tumor associated genes such as proto-oncogenes or tumor-suppressor genes. The RCM-RA contains two different possibilities of DNA damage to complementary nucleotides. The damage may be caused either by radiation or by natural processes such as cellular radicals or thermal damage or by chemical cytotoxins. The model is based on the premise that radiation initially is bionegative, damaging organisms at their different levels of organization. The radiation, however, also induces various cellular radioprotective mechanisms which decrease the damage by natural processes. Considering both effects together, the theory explains apparent thresholds in the dose-response relation for radiation carcinogenesis without contradiction to the classical assumption that radiation is predominantly bionegative at doses typically found in occupational exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Fleck
- Atominstitut der Osterreichischen Universitäten, Wien, Austria
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12
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Gevertz D, Friedman AM, Katz JJ, Kubitschek HE. Biological effects of background radiation: mutagenicity of 40K. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1985; 82:8602-5. [PMID: 3909148 PMCID: PMC390965 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.82.24.8602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The naturally occurring radioactive isotope 40K is the single largest contributor to the internal background radiation dose in living organisms. We examined cell growth and mutation rate or frequency in several strains of Escherichia coli in (i) media containing the natural content of 40K, (ii) media containing potassium from which essentially all of the 40K had been removed by isotope separation, and (iii) media highly enriched in 40K. Growth rates (doubling times) were identical in the present or absence of 40K. In more than 40 chemostat experiments, we were unable to detect any significant differences in mutation rate to bacteriophage T5 resistance or in mutation frequency to valine resistance or tryptophan prototrophy attributable to 40K. We conclude that, in the bacterial systems we have studied, 40K does not make a significant contribution to spontaneous mutation.
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