1
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Lee DH, Yoon SB, Jo YJ, Mo JW, Kwon J, Lee SI, Kwon J, Kim JS. Comparative analysis of superovulated versus uterine-embryo synchronized recipients for embryo transfer in cynomolgus monkeys ( Macaca fascicularis). Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1452631. [PMID: 39346953 PMCID: PMC11427438 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1452631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs), such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection and embryo transfer, are essential for generating genetically edited monkeys. Despite their importance, ARTs face challenges in recipient selection in terms of time and the number of animals required. The potential of superovulated monkeys, commonly used as oocyte donors, to serve as surrogate mothers, remains underexplored. The study aimed to compare the efficacy of superovulated and uterine-embryo synchronized recipients of embryo transfer in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Methods This study involved 23 cynomolgus monkeys divided into two groups-12 superovulated recipients and 11 synchronized recipients. The evaluation criteria included measuring endometrial thickness on the day of embryo transfer and calculating pregnancy and implantation rates to compare outcomes between groups. Results The study found no statistically significant differences in endometrial thickness (superovulated: 4.48 ± 1.36 mm, synchronized: 5.15 ± 1.58 mm), pregnancy rates (superovulated: 30.8%, synchronized: 41.7%), and implantation rates (superovulated: 14.3%, synchronized: 21.9%) between the groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion The observations indicate that superovulated recipients are as effective as synchronized recipients for embryo transfer in cynomolgus monkeys. This suggests that superovulated recipients can serve as viable options, offering an efficient and practical approach to facilitate the generation of gene-edited models in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ho Lee
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Bin Yoon
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Jo
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Won Mo
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongwoo Kwon
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Il Lee
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungkee Kwon
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Su Kim
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
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2
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Zhai R, Tong G, Li Z, Song W, Hu Y, Xu S, Wei Q, Zhang X, Li Y, Liao B, Yuan C, Fan Y, Song G, Ouyang Y, Zhang W, Tang Y, Jin M, Zhang Y, Li H, Yang Z, Lin GN, Stein DJ, Xiong ZQ, Wang Z. Rhesus monkeys exhibiting spontaneous ritualistic behaviors resembling obsessive-compulsive disorder. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwad312. [PMID: 38152386 PMCID: PMC10751879 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic and debilitating psychiatric disorder that affects ∼2%-3% of the population globally. Studying spontaneous OCD-like behaviors in non-human primates may improve our understanding of the disorder. In large rhesus monkey colonies, we found 10 monkeys spontaneously exhibiting persistent sequential motor behaviors (SMBs) in individual-specific sequences that were repetitive, time-consuming and stable over prolonged periods. Genetic analysis revealed severely damaging mutations in genes associated with OCD risk in humans. Brain imaging showed that monkeys with SMBs had larger gray matter (GM) volumes in the left caudate nucleus and lower fractional anisotropy of the corpus callosum. The GM volume of the left caudate nucleus correlated positively with the daily duration of SMBs. Notably, exposure to a stressor (human presence) significantly increased SMBs. In addition, fluoxetine, a serotonergic medication commonly used for OCD, decreased SMBs in these monkeys. These findings provide a novel foundation for developing better understanding and treatment of OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongwei Zhai
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai 200031, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Geya Tong
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Zheqin Li
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Weichen Song
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yang Hu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Sha Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qiqi Wei
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiaocheng Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yi Li
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Bingbing Liao
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Chenyu Yuan
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yinqing Fan
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Ge Song
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yinyin Ouyang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Wenxuan Zhang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yaqiu Tang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Minghui Jin
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yuxian Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - He Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Guan Ning Lin
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Dan J Stein
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit (TNU), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8200, Denmark
| | - Zhi-Qi Xiong
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
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3
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Ryu J, Chan W, Wettengel JM, Hanna CB, Burwitz BJ, Hennebold JD, Bimber BN. Rapid, accurate mapping of transgene integration in viable rhesus macaque embryos using enhanced-specificity tagmentation-assisted PCR. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2022; 24:241-254. [PMID: 35211637 PMCID: PMC8829455 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2022.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Genome engineering is a powerful tool for in vitro research and the creation of novel model organisms and has growing clinical applications. Randomly integrating vectors, such as lentivirus- or transposase-based methods, are simple and easy to use but carry risks arising from insertional mutagenesis. Here we present enhanced-specificity tagmentation-assisted PCR (esTag-PCR), a rapid and accurate method for mapping transgene integration and copy number. Using stably transfected HepG2 cells, we demonstrate that esTag-PCR has higher integration site detection accuracy and efficiency than alternative tagmentation-based methods. Next, we performed esTag-PCR on rhesus macaque embryos derived from zygotes injected with piggyBac transposase and transposon/transgene plasmid. Using low-input trophectoderm biopsies, we demonstrate that esTag-PCR accurately maps integration events while preserving blastocyst viability. We used these high-resolution data to evaluate the performance of piggyBac-mediated editing of rhesus macaque embryos, demonstrating that increased concentration of transposon/transgene plasmid can increase the fraction of embryos with stable integration; however, the number of integrations per embryo also increases, which may be problematic for some applications. Collectively, esTag-PCR represents an important improvement to the detection of transgene integration, provides a method to validate and screen edited embryos before implantation, and represents an important advance in the creation of transgenic animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghyun Ryu
- Division of Reproductive & Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - William Chan
- Division of Reproductive & Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Jochen M. Wettengel
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, 81675 Germany
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Carol B. Hanna
- Division of Reproductive & Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Benjamin J. Burwitz
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
- Division of Pathobiology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Jon D. Hennebold
- Division of Reproductive & Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Benjamin N. Bimber
- Division of Pathobiology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
- Division of Genetics, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
- Corresponding author Benjamin N. Bimber, PhD, Division of Genetics, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.
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4
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Srikulnath K, Ahmad SF, Panthum T, Malaivijitnond S. Importance of Thai macaque bioresources for biological research and human health. J Med Primatol 2021; 51:62-72. [PMID: 34806191 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
During the past century, macaque bioresources have provided remarkable scientific and biomedical discoveries related to the understanding of human physiology, neuroanatomy, reproduction, development, cognition, and pathology. Considerable progress has been made, and an urgent need has arisen to develop infrastructure and viable settings to meet the current global demand in research models during the so-called new normal after COVID-19 era. This review highlights the critical need for macaque bioresources and proposes the establishment of a designated primate research center to integrate research in primate laboratories for the rescue and rehabilitation of wild macaques. Key areas where macaque models have been and continue to be essential for advancing fundamental knowledge in biomedical and biological research are outlined. Detailed genetic studies on macaque bioresources of Thai origin can further facilitate the rapid pace of vaccine discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kornsorn Srikulnath
- National Primate Research Center of Thailand-Chulalongkorn University, Saraburi, Thailand.,Animal Genomics and Bioresource Research Center (AGB Research Center), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics and Comparative Genomics (ACCG), Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Syed Farhan Ahmad
- Animal Genomics and Bioresource Research Center (AGB Research Center), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics and Comparative Genomics (ACCG), Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thitipong Panthum
- Animal Genomics and Bioresource Research Center (AGB Research Center), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics and Comparative Genomics (ACCG), Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suchinda Malaivijitnond
- National Primate Research Center of Thailand-Chulalongkorn University, Saraburi, Thailand.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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5
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Cloning of Monkeys by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer. Methods Mol Biol 2021. [PMID: 33226610 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1084-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a promising method to establish genetically modified monkeys with identical genetic background as models in biomedical research. We have recently cloned monkeys by optimization of the SCNT protocols and inclusion of the epigenetic modulator. Here, we describe the protocol for generation of cloned monkeys by somatic cell nuclear transfer.
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6
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Huang Z, Li Y, Jiang Q, Wang Y, Ma K, Li Q. Generation of cynomolgus monkey fetuses with intracytoplasmic sperm injection based on the MII-stage oocytes acquired by personalized superovulation protocol. J Vet Sci 2020; 21:e48. [PMID: 32476321 PMCID: PMC7263921 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2020.21.e48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mature oocytes at the metaphase II status (MII-stage oocytes) played an important role in assisted reproductive technology in non-human primates. Objectives In order to improve the proportion of MII-stage oocytes retrieval, three different superovulation protocols were performed on 24 female cynomolgus monkeys. Methods All the monkeys received once-daily injection of follicle-stimulating hormone (25 international unit [IU]) on day 3 of the menstruation, 3-day intervals, twice daily for 8–12 days until the time of human chorionic gonadotropin (1,500 IU) injection, on the 14–17th day of menstruation collecting oocytes. The difference between protocol I and protocol II was that 0.1 mg the gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist was injected on day 1 of the menstruation, while the difference between personalized superovulation protocol and protocol II was that oocytes could be collected on the 14–17th day of menstrual cycle according to the length of each monkey. Results The total number of oocytes harvested using the personalized superovulation protocol was much higher than that using protocol I (p < 0.05), and the proportion of MII-stage oocytes was significantly greater than that from either superovulation protocol I or II (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01 respectively), while the proportion of immature oocytes at the germinal vesicle was less than that from superovulation protocol I (p < 0.05). Conclusions The personalized superovulation protocol could increase the rate of MII-stage oocytes acquired, and successfully develop into embryos after intracytoplasmic sperm injection, and eventually generated fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangqiong Huang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China.,Medical Primate Research Center & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yun Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China.,Medical Primate Research Center & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Qinfang Jiang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China.,Medical Primate Research Center & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China.,Medical Primate Research Center & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Kaili Ma
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China.,Medical Primate Research Center & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China.
| | - Qihan Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China.,Medical Primate Research Center & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming 650118, China.
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7
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Abstract
Development of preimplantation embryos, from fertilization to hatched-blastocyst stage, has been a challenging task, regardless of the mammalian species being studied. While the mouse model has been versatile for studying in vitro development of early embryos, other rodent species are important to gain insights into comparative early embryogenesis. The golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) offers unique advantages to study cellular and molecular regulation of gamete maturation, fertilization and preimplantation development, including the phenomenon of blastocyst hatching. Achieving in vitro fertilization and first cleavage division is relatively easy; however, subsequent development past the two-/four-cell stage had been difficult in hamsters. Pioneering research, carried out over three decades has markedly enabled successful in vitro development of one-cell embryos to blastocysts. This article provides a comprehensive perspective (historical and current) on the embryo culture systems and details an optimized culture protocols to achieve normal and viable development of preimplantation embryos in the golden hamster.
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8
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Abstract
Production of nonhuman primate (NHP) embryos in vitro begins with recovery of gametes. Females undergo a controlled ovary stimulation to produce multiple preovulatory follicles from which oocytes may be recovered. Mature ova are subjected to in vitro fertilization (IVF) and presumptive zygotes are cultured to the intended stage of development. Essential to this practice is the culture medium unique to each step in the process. Here we describe medium preparation, oocyte recovery, in vitro fertilization, and in vitro culture (IVC) of embryos in the rhesus macaque model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathy Ramsey
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Carol Hanna
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA.
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9
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Ma Y, Li J, Wang G, Ke Q, Qiu S, Gao L, Wan H, Zhou Y, Xiang AP, Huang Q, Feng G, Zhou Q, Yang S. Efficient production of cynomolgus monkeys with a toolbox of enhanced assisted reproductive technologies. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25888. [PMID: 27173128 PMCID: PMC4865753 DOI: 10.1038/srep25888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficiency of assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) in nonhuman primates is low due to no screening criterions for selecting sperm, oocyte, and embryo as well as its surrogate mothers. Here we analyzed 15 pairs of pregnant and non-pregnant cynomolgus monkeys, each pair of which received embryos from one batch of fertilized oocytes, and found ratio of endometrial to myometrial thicknesses in abdominal ultrasonic transverse section of uterus is a reliable indicator for selection of recipients for embryo transfer. We performed 305 ovarian stimulations in 128 female cynomolgus monkeys and found that ovarian stimulation can be performed in a whole year and repeated up to six times in the same monkey without deteriorating fertilization potential of eggs until a poor response to stimulation happened. Fertilization can be efficiently achieved with both conventional and piezo-driven intracytoplasmic sperm injection procedures. In semen collection, semen quality is higher with the penile robe electrical stimulus method compared with the rectal probe method. Moreover, caesarean section is an effective strategy for increasing baby survival rates of multiple pregnancies. These findings provide a practical guidance for the efficient use of ARTs, facilitating their use in genetic engineering of macaque monkeys for basic and translational neuroscience research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhan Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.,Shenzhen Key Lab of Neuropsychiatric Modulation and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Jiayu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
| | - Ge Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Ke
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, P. R. China
| | - Sien Qiu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
| | - Liang Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.,Blooming-spring biotechnology development Co., Ltd., of Guangdong, Guangzhou 510940, P. R. China
| | - Haifeng Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhou
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Andy Peng Xiang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, P. R. China
| | - Qunshan Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
| | - Guoping Feng
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China
| | - Shihua Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
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10
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Carbone L, Chavez SL. Mammalian pre-implantation chromosomal instability: species comparison, evolutionary considerations, and pathological correlations. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2015; 61:321-35. [PMID: 26366555 DOI: 10.3109/19396368.2015.1073406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pre-implantation embryo development in mammals begins at fertilization with the migration and fusion of the maternal and paternal pro-nuclei, followed by the degradation of inherited factors involved in germ cell specification and the activation of embryonic genes required for subsequent cell divisions, compaction, and blastulation. The majority of studies on early embryogenesis have been conducted in the mouse or non-mammalian species, often requiring extrapolation of the findings to human development. Given both conserved similarities and species-specific differences, however, even comparison between closely related mammalian species may be challenging as certain aspects, including susceptibility to chromosomal aberrations, varies considerably across mammals. Moreover, most human embryo studies are limited to patient samples obtained from in vitro fertilization (IVF) clinics and donated for research, which are generally of poorer quality and produced with germ cells that may be sub-optimal. Recent technical advances in genetic, epigenetic, chromosomal, and time-lapse imaging analyses of high quality whole human embryos have greatly improved our understanding of early human embryogenesis, particularly at the single embryo and cell level. This review summarizes the major characteristics of mammalian pre-implantation development from a chromosomal perspective, in addition to discussing the technological achievements that have recently been developed to obtain this data. We also discuss potential translation to clinical applications in reproductive medicine and conclude by examining the broader implications of these findings for the evolution of mammalian species and cancer pathology in somatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Carbone
- a Division of Neuroscience , Oregon National Primate Research Center .,b Department of Behavioral Neuroscience .,c Department of Molecular & Medical Genetics .,d Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, Oregon Health & Science University
| | - Shawn L Chavez
- e Division of Reproductive & Developmental Sciences , Oregon National Primate Research Center .,f Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology , and.,g Department of Physiology & Pharmacology , Oregon Health & Science University , Portland , Oregon , USA
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11
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Ishibashi H, Motohashi HH, Kumon M, Yamamoto K, Okada H, Okada T, Seki K. Efficient embryo transfer in the common marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus) with a reduced transfer volume: a non-surgical approach with cryopreserved late-stage embryos. Biol Reprod 2013; 88:115. [PMID: 23536374 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.113.109165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Among primates, the common marmoset is suitable for primate embryology research. Its small body size, however, has delayed the technical development of efficient embryo transfer. Furthermore, three factors have been determined to adversely affect the performance of marmoset embryo transfer: nonsurgical approaches, the use of cryopreserved embryos, and the use of late-stage embryos. Here we performed embryo transfer under conditions that included the above three factors and using either a small (1 μl or less) or a large volume (2-3 μl) of medium. The pregnancy and birth rates were 50% (5/10) and 27% (3/11), respectively, when using the large volume, and 80% (8/10) and 75% (9/12), respectively, when using the small volume. The latter scores exceed those of previous reports using comparable conditions. Thus, it appears that these three previously considered factors could be overcome, and we propose that reducing the transfer volume to 1 μl or less is essential for successful marmoset embryo transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetoshi Ishibashi
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
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12
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Hermann BP, Sukhwani M, Winkler F, Pascarella JN, Peters KA, Sheng Y, Valli H, Rodriguez M, Ezzelarab M, Dargo G, Peterson K, Masterson K, Ramsey C, Ward T, Lienesch M, Volk A, Cooper DK, Thomson AW, Kiss JE, Penedo MCT, Schatten GP, Mitalipov S, Orwig KE. Spermatogonial stem cell transplantation into rhesus testes regenerates spermatogenesis producing functional sperm. Cell Stem Cell 2012; 11:715-26. [PMID: 23122294 PMCID: PMC3580057 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2012.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Revised: 06/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) maintain spermatogenesis throughout a man's life and may have application for treating some cases of male infertility, including those caused by chemotherapy before puberty. We performed autologous and allogeneic SSC transplantations into the testes of 18 adult and 5 prepubertal recipient macaques that were rendered infertile with alkylating chemotherapy. After autologous transplant, the donor genotype from lentivirus-marked SSCs was evident in the ejaculated sperm of 9/12 adult and 3/5 prepubertal recipients after they reached maturity. Allogeneic transplant led to donor-recipient chimerism in sperm from 2/6 adult recipients. Ejaculated sperm from one recipient transplanted with allogeneic donor SSCs were injected into 85 rhesus oocytes via intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Eighty-one oocytes were fertilized, producing embryos ranging from four-cell to blastocyst with donor paternal origin confirmed in 7/81 embryos. This demonstration of functional donor spermatogenesis following SSC transplantation in primates is an important milestone for informed clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P. Hermann
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
- Center for Research in Reproductive Physiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | | | | | | | | | - Yi Sheng
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Hanna Valli
- Molecular Genetics and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | | | - Mohamed Ezzelarab
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | - Gina Dargo
- Hemapheresis Department, ITxM Diagnostics Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Kim Peterson
- Hemapheresis Department, ITxM Diagnostics Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Keith Masterson
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Cathy Ramsey
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Thea Ward
- Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, University of California Davis, CA 95616
| | | | | | - David K. Cooper
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | - Angus W. Thomson
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | - Joseph E. Kiss
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
- Hemapheresis Department, ITxM Diagnostics Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | | | - Gerald P. Schatten
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Shoukhrat Mitalipov
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
- Oregon Stem Cell Center , Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Molecular & Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006
| | - Kyle E. Orwig
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
- Center for Research in Reproductive Physiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
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Yanagimachi R. Fertilization studies and assisted fertilization in mammals: their development and future. J Reprod Dev 2012; 58:25-32. [PMID: 22450281 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.11-015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of mammalian fertilization progressed very slowly in the beginning because of difficulties in obtaining a large quantity of fully mature eggs at one time. With progression of techniques to collect and handle eggs and spermatozoa, research in mammalian fertilization advanced rapidly. Today, far more papers are published on mammalian gametes and fertilization than those of all other animals combined. The development of assisted fertilization and related technologies revolutionized basic research as well as human reproductive medicine and animal husbandry. Reproduction is fundamental to human and animal lives. The author lists a few subjects of his personal interest for further development of basic and applied research of gametes and fertilization. Each reader will probably have more exciting subjects of future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuzo Yanagimachi
- Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry and Physiology, Institute for Biogenesis Research, University of Hawaii Medical School, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
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Chen Y, Niu Y, Ji W. Transgenic nonhuman primate models for human diseases: approaches and contributing factors. J Genet Genomics 2012; 39:247-51. [PMID: 22749011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2012.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 04/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nonhuman primates (NHPs) provide powerful experimental models to study human development, cognitive functions and disturbances as well as complex behavior, because of their genetic and physiological similarities to humans. Therefore, NHPs are appropriate models for the study of human diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's, Alzheimer's and Huntington's diseases, which occur as a result of genetic mutations. However, such diseases afflicting humans do not occur naturally in NHPs. So transgenic NHPs need to be established to understand the etiology of disease pathology and pathogenesis. Compared to rodent genetic models, the generation of transgenic NHPs for human diseases is inefficient, and only a transgenic monkey model for Huntington's disease has been reported. This review focuses on potential approaches and contributing factors for generating transgenic NHPs to study human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchang Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming 650500, China
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15
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Dupont C, Harvey AJ, Armant DR, Zelinski MB, Brenner CA. Expression profiles of cohesins, shugoshins and spindle assembly checkpoint genes in rhesus macaque oocytes predict their susceptibility for aneuploidy during embryonic development. Cell Cycle 2012; 11:740-8. [PMID: 22327397 PMCID: PMC3318107 DOI: 10.4161/cc.11.4.19207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 12/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
High frequencies of chromosomal anomalies are reported in human and non-human primate in vitro-produced preimplantation embryos. It is unclear why certain embryos develop aneuploidies while others remain euploid. A differential susceptibility to aneuploidy is most likely a consequence of events that occur before oocyte collection. One hypothesis is that the relative transcript levels of cohesins, shugoshins and spindle assembly checkpoint genes are correlated with the occurrence of chromosomal anomalies. Transcript levels of these genes were quantified in individual oocytes that were either mature (group 1, low aneuploidy rate) or immature (group 2, high aneuploidy rate) at retrieval, utilizing TaqMan-based real-time PCR. The transcript level in each oocyte was categorized as absent, below the median or above the median in order to conduct comparisons. Statistically significant differences were observed between group 1 and group 2 for SGOL1 and BUB1. There were more oocytes with SGOL1 expression levels above the median in group 1, while oocytes lacking BUB1 were only observed in group 1. These findings suggest that higher SGOL1 levels in group 1 oocytes could better protect against a premature separation of sister chromatids than in embryos derived from group 2 oocytes. The absence of BUB1 transcripts in group 1 was frequently associated with reduced expression of either mitotic cohesins or shugoshins. We hypothesize that ablation of BUB1 could induce mitotic arrest in oocytes that fail to express a complete complement of cohesins and shugoshins, thereby reducing the number of developing aneuploid preimplantation embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Dupont
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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16
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CHEN YONGCHANG, NIU YUYU, YANG SHIHUA, HE XIECHAO, JI SHAOHUI, SI WEI, TANG XIANGHUI, XIE YUNHUA, WANG HONG, LU YONGQING, ZHOU QI, JI WEIZHI. The Available Time Window for Embryo Transfer in the Rhesus Monkey (Macaca mulatta). Am J Primatol 2012; 74:165-73. [DOI: 10.1002/ajp.21017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - QI ZHOU
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology; Institute of Zoology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing; China
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Abstract
Nonhuman primates are the closest relatives to humans and therefore our most evolutionary close cousins. While marvelous insights are gleaned from studying rodents and other systems, it is impossible to envision how those mechanistic findings can be responsibly translated to the clinic without the appropriate use of nonhuman primates. Thankfully, noninvasive technologies now permit nonhuman primate studies without endangering the model itself. Work with primates is predicted to continue to lead the fields of reproductive and regenerative medicine for the rest of the twenty-first century.
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Abstract
Nonhuman primates (NHP) are the closest animal species to humans and have been widely used for studying human reproductive physiology. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) in Old World NHPs provides great opportunity for studying fertilization, embryo development, embryonic stem cell (ESC) derivation for regenerative medicine, somatic cell nuclear transfer (cloning), and transgenic NHP models of inherited genetic disorders. Here we present two ART protocols developed for rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) and baboon (Papio cynocephalus).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien-Cheng Arthur Chang
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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Lee YS, VandeVoort CA, Gaughan JP, Midic U, Obradovic Z, Latham KE. Extensive effects of in vitro oocyte maturation on rhesus monkey cumulus cell transcriptome. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2011; 301:E196-209. [PMID: 21487073 PMCID: PMC3129840 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00686.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The elaboration of a quality oocyte is integrally linked to the correct developmental progression of cumulus cell phenotype. In humans and nonhuman primates, oocyte quality is diminished with in vitro maturation. To determine the changes in gene expression in rhesus monkey cumulus cells (CC) that occur during the final day prior to oocyte maturation and how these changes differ between in vitro (IVM) and in vivo maturation (VVM), we completed a detailed comparison of transcriptomes using the Affymetrix gene array. We observed a large number of genes differing in expression when comparing IVM-CC and VVM-CC directly but a much larger number of differences when comparing the transitions from the prematuration to the post-IVM and post-VVM states. We observed a truncation or delay in the normal pattern of gene regulation but also remarkable compensatory changes in gene expression during IVM. Among the genes affected by IVM are those that contribute to productive cell-cell interactions between cumulus cell and oocyte and between cumulus cells. Numerous genes involved in lipid metabolism are incorrectly regulated during IVM, and the synthesis of sex hormones appears not to be suppressed during IVM. We identified a panel of 24 marker genes, the expression of which should provide the foundation for understanding how IVM can be improved for monitoring IVM conditions and for diagnosing oocyte quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young S Lee
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research & Molecular Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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20
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Chang TC, Eddy CA, Ying Y, Liu YG, Holden AE, Brzyski RG, Schenken RS. Ovarian stimulation, in vitro fertilization, and effects of culture conditions on baboon preimplantation embryo development. Fertil Steril 2011; 95:1217-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.06.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2010] [Revised: 06/25/2010] [Accepted: 06/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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21
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Transgenic rhesus monkeys produced by gene transfer into early-cleavage-stage embryos using a simian immunodeficiency virus-based vector. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:17663-7. [PMID: 20870965 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1006563107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of transgenic technologies in monkeys is important for creating valuable animal models of human physiology so that the etiology of diseases can be studied and potential therapies for their amelioration may be developed. However, the efficiency of producing transgenic primate animals is presently very low, and there are few reports of success. We have developed an improved methodology for the production of transgenic rhesus monkeys, making use of a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-based vector that encodes EGFP and a protocol for infection of early-cleavage-stage embryos. We show that infection does not alter embryo development. Moreover, the timing of infection, either before or during embryonic genome activation, has no observable effect on the level and stability of transgene expression. Of 70 embryos injected with concentrated virus at the one- to two-cell stage or the four- to eight-cell stage and showing fluorescence, 30 were transferred to surrogate mothers. One transgenic fetus was obtained from a fraternal triple pregnancy. Four infant monkeys were produced from four singleton pregnancies, of which two expressed EGFP throughout the whole body. These results demonstrate the usefulness of SIV-based lentiviral vectors for the generation of transgenic monkeys and improve the efficiency of transgenic technology in nonhuman primates.
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Harvey AJ, Armant DR, Bavister BD, Nichols SM, Brenner CA. Inner cell mass localization of NANOG precedes OCT3/4 in rhesus monkey blastocysts. Stem Cells Dev 2010; 18:1451-8. [PMID: 19537945 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2009.0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism by which the inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE) become specified is poorly understood. Considerable species variation is evident in the expression of lineage-specific and embryonic stem cell (ESC) regulatory markers. We sought to investigate localization patterns of these markers in rhesus macaque compact morulae and blastocysts. NANOG protein was restricted to the ICM of blastocysts. In contrast to a previous report, the expression of CDX2 was detected in the primate blastocyst, localized specifically to the TE. Unlike the mouse embryo, OCT4 protein was detected using two different antibodies in both the ICM and TE. The ubiquitous pattern of OCT4 expression is consistent with observations in human, cow, and pig embryos. Significantly, lack of restricted OCT4 protein, and ICM localization of NANOG in primate blastocysts, suggests that NANOG may determine inner cell mass fate more specifically during primate development or may be less susceptible to culture artifacts. These results contrast markedly with current mechanistic hypotheses, although other factors may lie upstream of NANOG to constitute a complex interactive network. This difference may also underlie observations that regulatory mechanisms in ESC differ between mice and primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Harvey
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
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23
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Nyachieo A, Spiessens C, Chai DC, Kiulia NM, Mwenda JM, D'Hooghe TM. Separate and combined effects of caffeine and dbcAMP on olive baboon (Papio anubis) sperm. J Med Primatol 2010; 39:137-42. [PMID: 20102459 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0684.2010.00401.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improvement of baboon sperm capacitation is necessary for achieving high in vitro fertilization (IVF) rates in baboons. In this study, we evaluated separate and combined effects of caffeine and dbcAMP on baboon sperm capacitation. METHODS Sixteen male baboons (n = 16) were electroejaculated. Each sperm sample was divided into two aliquots: one for chemical activation and the other untreated control. Group 1: dbcAMP (n = 6); Group 2: caffeine (n = 6) and Group 3: combination of caffeine and dbcAMP (n = 4). In each aliquot, sperm motility after 30 minutes of incubation was evaluated as well as zona pellucida (ZP) binding ability after overnight incubation with 4-5 ZP from unfertilized human oocytes. RESULTS Sperm motility and ZP binding ability in all chemically activated groups increased significantly as compared to their respective controls (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Combined and separate effects of caffeine and dbcAMP increases baboon sperm motility and ZP binding ability and may improve baboon IVF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atunga Nyachieo
- Leuven University Fertility Centre, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
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24
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Dupont C, Segars J, DeCherney A, Bavister BD, Armant DR, Brenner CA. Incidence of chromosomal mosaicism in morphologically normal nonhuman primate preimplantation embryos. Fertil Steril 2009; 93:2545-50. [PMID: 19732891 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2008] [Revised: 04/28/2009] [Accepted: 06/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish the exact rates of chromosomal mosaicism in morphologically normal rhesus macaque embryos by determining the chromosomal complement of all blastomeres. DESIGN Retrospective rhesus monkey IVF study. SETTING Academic laboratory and primate research center. PATIENT(S) Young fertile rhesus macaque females. INTERVENTION(S) Morphologically normal in vitro-produced rhesus macaque embryos were dissociated and cytogenetically assessed using a five-color fluorescent in situ hybridization assay developed for rhesus macaque chromosomes homologous to human chromosomes 13, 16, 18, X, and Y. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The incidence and extent of chromosomal mosaicism in rhesus macaque preimplantation embryos. RESULT(S) Seventy-seven preimplantation embryos, displaying normal morphology and development, from 17 young rhesus macaque females were analyzed. Overall, 39 embryos (50.6%) were normal, 14 embryos (18.2%) were completely abnormal, and 24 embryos (31.2%) were mosaic. Of the 226 blastomeres analyzed in the mosaic group, 110 blastomeres (48.7%) were normal. CONCLUSION(S) The observed rate of mosaicism in good-quality rhesus embryos resembles previously documented frequencies in poor-quality human preimplantation embryos. A high incidence of mosaicism may limit the diagnostic accuracy of preimplantation genetic diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathérine Dupont
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
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25
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Yang S, He X, Niu Y, Wang X, Lu B, Hildebrandt T, Goeritz F, Jewgenow K, Zhou Q, Ji W. Dynamic changes in ovarian follicles measured by ultrasonography during gonadotropin stimulation in rhesus monkeys. Theriogenology 2009; 72:560-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2008] [Revised: 03/19/2009] [Accepted: 04/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Goff K, Liukkonen J, Kubisch HM. Postmortem recovery and cryopreservation of spermatozoa from the vas deferens of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Theriogenology 2009; 72:834-40. [PMID: 19646745 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2008] [Revised: 05/04/2009] [Accepted: 06/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To determine whether sperm derived from the vas deferens could be retrieved and successfully cryopreserved, testes were collected from 20 rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). The males ranged in age from 3 to 19 yr with an average age of 8.5 yr. No sperm was obtained from three animals that were younger than 4 yr. The remaining 17 samples contained sperm with an average sperm cell number of 421.8+/-88.7x10(6) and an average motility of 72.8+/-4.4%. After 24h of culture in TALP medium at 37 degrees C in 5% CO(2) and 95% air, the overall motility decreased significantly in all samples regardless of treatment. Freezing in TEST (TES-Tris buffer)-yolk buffer containing 6% (vol/vol) glycerol had a significant effect on sperm, reducing the immediate postthaw motility to 42.4% in nontreated samples. Treatment with dibutyryl-cAMP and caffeine further reduced sperm motility after 4h in fresh sperm (72.8% vs. 50.4%) but increased motility in sperm that had been frozen (14.0% vs. 23.2%). The age of the male did not influence sperm concentration or grade but proved to be a significant factor in determining motility of frozen-thawed treated sperm, with lower motility found in samples from older males. Overall, the study demonstrates that motile sperm can be obtained from postmortem males, although subsequent studies will be needed to determine whether the quality is sufficient to facilitate its use in assisted reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Goff
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
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27
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Ovarian response to gonadotropin stimulation in juvenile rhesus monkeys. Theriogenology 2009; 72:243-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2008] [Revised: 02/23/2009] [Accepted: 02/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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KUANG H, WANG PL, TSIEN JZ. Towards transgenic primates: What can we learn from mouse genetics? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 52:506-14. [PMID: 19557327 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-009-0082-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2009] [Accepted: 05/28/2009] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Considering the great physiological and behavioral similarities with humans, monkeys represent the ideal models not only for the study of complex cognitive behavior but also for the preclinical research and development of novel therapeutics for treating human diseases. Various powerful genetic technologies initially developed for making mouse models are being explored for generating transgenic primate models. We review the latest genetic engineering technologies and discuss the potentials and limitations for systematic production of transgenic primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui KUANG
- Brain and Behavior Discovery Institute, School of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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Bondarenko GI, Dambaeva SV, Grendell RL, Hughes AL, Durning M, Garthwaite MA, Golos TG. Characterization of cynomolgus and vervet monkey placental MHC class I expression: diversity of the nonhuman primate AG locus. Immunogenetics 2009; 61:431-42. [PMID: 19468726 PMCID: PMC2810720 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-009-0376-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2009] [Accepted: 05/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Nonhuman primates are important animal models for the study of the maternal immune response to implantation within the decidua. The objective of this study was to define the placental expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules in the cynomolgus (Macaca fascicularis) and vervet (African green) (Chlorocebus aethiops) monkeys. Early pregnancy (d36-42) cynomolgus and vervet placentas were obtained by fetectomy and prepared for histological evaluation. A pan-MHC class I monoclonal antibody demonstrated MHC class I expression in both vervet and cynomolgus placental trophoblasts, with particularly high expression in the villous syncytium, as previously shown in the rhesus and baboon. Placental cytotrophoblasts were isolated by enzymatic dispersion and gradient centrifugation and cultured, and multicolor flow cytometry was used to phenotype cell populations. Culture of isolated villous cytotrophoblasts demonstrated that MHC class I expression was linked to syncytiotrophoblast differentiation. A monoclonal antibody against Mamu-AG, the nonclassical MHC class I homolog of HLA-G in the rhesus monkey, demonstrated intense immunostaining and cell surface expression in cynomolgus placental trophoblasts; however, staining with vervet placenta and cells was low and inconsistent. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was used to clone MHC class I molecules expressed in cynomolgus and vervet placentas. While Mafa-AG messenger RNA (mRNA) was readily detectable in cynomolgus placental RNA and was >99% identical at the amino acid level with Mamu-AG, 7/8 Chae-AG complementary DNAs had an unusual 16 amino acid repeat in the alpha1 domain, and all clones had an unexpected absence of the early stop codon at the 3'-end of the mRNA diagnostic for rhesus, cynomolgus, and baboon AG mRNAs, as well as HLA-G. We conclude that while the vervet monkey has retained the placental expression of a primate-specific nonclassical MHC class I locus, diversity is also revealed in this locus expressed at the maternal-fetal interface, thought to participate in placental regulation of the maternal immune response to embryo implantation and pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennadiy I. Bondarenko
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, 1223 Capitol Court, Madison, WI 53715-1299, USA
| | - Svetlana V. Dambaeva
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, 1223 Capitol Court, Madison, WI 53715-1299, USA
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Richard L. Grendell
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, 1223 Capitol Court, Madison, WI 53715-1299, USA
| | - Austin L. Hughes
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Maureen Durning
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, 1223 Capitol Court, Madison, WI 53715-1299, USA
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Mark A. Garthwaite
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, 1223 Capitol Court, Madison, WI 53715-1299, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Thaddeus G. Golos
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, 1223 Capitol Court, Madison, WI 53715-1299, USA
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
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Nyachieo A, Spiessens C, Mwenda JM, Debrock S, D’Hooghe TM. Improving ovarian stimulation protocols for IVF in baboons: Lessons from humans and rhesus monkeys. Anim Reprod Sci 2009; 110:187-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2008] [Revised: 08/18/2008] [Accepted: 08/21/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Dupont C, Bavister BD, Armant DR, Brenner CA. Rhesus macaque embryos derived from MI oocytes maturing after retrieval display high rates of chromosomal anomalies. Hum Reprod 2008; 24:929-35. [PMID: 19106174 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/den429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhesus macaque and human preimplantation embryos display similar rates of chromosomal abnormalities. The aim of this study was to determine whether embryos developing from MI oocytes that mature post-retrieval display more chromosomal anomalies than those embryos that are generated from oocytes that are at MII at the time of retrieval. METHODS Rhesus macaque oocytes were obtained after hormonal ovarian stimulation. Immediately after retrieval, the oocytes were classified according to their maturational status. Following in vitro fertilization, Day 3 embryos with good morphology and development derived from oocytes maturing post-retrieval and those from oocytes that were mature at the time of retrieval were cytogenetically assessed using a five-color fluorescent in situ fluorescent hybridization assay developed for rhesus macaque chromosomes homologous to human chromosomes 13, 16, 18, X and Y. RESULTS Blastomeres from 53 embryos were analyzed. Of the 27 embryos that developed from oocytes that were mature at collection, 18 embryos were chromosomally normal (66.7%), while from the 26 embryos that developed from oocytes that matured post-retrieval, only 9 embryos were chromosomally normal (34.6%). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that embryos developing from oocytes maturing post-retrieval display high rates of chromosomal abnormalities and have therefore a reduced developmental competence. As a result, the clinical relevance of using immature oocytes that are retrieved after stimulated cycles in human IVF warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathérine Dupont
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
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Sun Q, Dong J, Yang W, Jin Y, Yang M, Wang Y, Wang PL, Hu Y, Tsien JZ. Efficient reproduction of cynomolgus monkey using pronuclear embryo transfer technique. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008; 105:12956-60. [PMID: 18725640 PMCID: PMC2529107 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805639105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the technical bottlenecks in producing nonhuman primate models is that current assisted reproductive techniques, such as in vitro culture and frozen conservation of multicell-stage embryos, often result in poor embryo quality and subsequently lead to low birth rates. We investigated whether pronuclear embryo transfer can be used as an effective means for improving pregnancy and live birth rates of nonhuman primates. We collected 174 metaphase II oocytes by laparoscopy from 22 superovulated mature females and then fertilized these eggs using either in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection, resulting in a 33.3% and a 50% fertilization rate, respectively. These 66 fertilized pronuclear-stage embryos were then tubally transferred to 30 recipients and led to 7 births and 1 abortion. Importantly, we observed that the highest live birth rate of approximately 64% was obtained when the transfer of pronuclear embryos was performed in the presence of new corpus luteum in the ovary of recipients between 24 h and 36 h after estradiol peak. Therefore, our experiments demonstrate that by matching the critical time window in the recipient's reproductive cycle for achieving optimal embryo-uterine synchrony, pronuclear embryo transfer technology can significantly improve the pregnancy rate and live birth of healthy baby monkeys. This efficient method should be valuable to the systematic efforts in construction of various transgenic primate disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Sun
- *Yunnan Banna Primate Disease Model Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Brain Functional Genomics, Key Lab of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education and Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Juan Dong
- *Yunnan Banna Primate Disease Model Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Brain Functional Genomics, Key Lab of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education and Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China; and
- Brain and Behavior Discovery Institute and Department of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Wenting Yang
- *Yunnan Banna Primate Disease Model Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Brain Functional Genomics, Key Lab of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education and Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China; and
- Brain and Behavior Discovery Institute and Department of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Yujuan Jin
- *Yunnan Banna Primate Disease Model Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Brain Functional Genomics, Key Lab of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education and Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Mingying Yang
- *Yunnan Banna Primate Disease Model Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Brain Functional Genomics, Key Lab of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education and Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Yan Wang
- *Yunnan Banna Primate Disease Model Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Brain Functional Genomics, Key Lab of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education and Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Philip L. Wang
- Brain and Behavior Discovery Institute and Department of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Yinghe Hu
- *Yunnan Banna Primate Disease Model Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Brain Functional Genomics, Key Lab of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education and Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Joe Z. Tsien
- *Yunnan Banna Primate Disease Model Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Brain Functional Genomics, Key Lab of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education and Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China; and
- Brain and Behavior Discovery Institute and Department of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912
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Lee YS, Latham KE, Vandevoort CA. Effects of in vitro maturation on gene expression in rhesus monkey oocytes. Physiol Genomics 2008; 35:145-58. [PMID: 18697858 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.90281.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro oocyte maturation (IVM) holds great promise as a tool for enhancing clinical treatment of infertility, enhancing availability of nonhuman primates for development of disease models, and facilitating endangered species preservation. However, IVM outcomes have remained significantly below the success rates obtained with in vivo matured (VVM) oocytes from humans and nonhuman primates. A cDNA array-based analysis is presented, comparing the transcriptomes of VVM oocytes with IVM oocytes. We observe a small set of just 59 mRNAs that are differentially expressed between the two cell types. These mRNAs are related to cellular homeostasis, cell-cell interactions including growth factor and hormone stimulation and cell adhesion, and other functions such as mRNA stability and translation. Additionally, we observe in IVM oocytes overexpression of PLAGL1 and MEST, two maternally imprinted genes, indicating a possible interruption or loss of correct epigenetic programming. These results indicate that, under certain IVM conditions, oocytes that are molecularly highly similar to VVM oocytes can be obtained; however, the interruption of normal oocyte-somatic cell interactions during the final hours of oocyte maturation may preclude the establishment of full developmental competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young S Lee
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA
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Yang S, Shen Y, Niu Y, Hildebrandt T, Jewgenow K, Goeritz F, He X, Zhou Q, Ji W. Effects of rhFSH regimen and time interval on ovarian responses to repeated stimulation cycles in rhesus monkeys during a physiologic breeding season. Theriogenology 2008; 70:108-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2007] [Revised: 02/11/2008] [Accepted: 03/12/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Dupont C, Froenicke L, Lyons LA, Bavister BD, Brenner CA. Chromosomal instability in rhesus macaque preimplantation embryos. Fertil Steril 2008; 91:1230-7. [PMID: 18440514 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.01.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2007] [Revised: 01/06/2008] [Accepted: 01/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish a relevant animal model to systematically investigate chromosomal instability in human oocytes and preimplantation embryos. DESIGN Prospective rhesus monkey IVF study. SETTING Academic laboratory, Oregon National Primate Research Center and Caribbean Primate Research Center. ANIMAL(S) Young rhesus macaque females. INTERVENTION(S) In vitro produced entire rhesus macaque preimplantation embryos were cytogenetically assessed using a five-color fluorescent in situ hybridization assay developed for rhesus macaque chromosomes homologous to human chromosomes 13, 16, 18, X, and Y, using human bacterial artificial chromosome probes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Chromosomal abnormality rates in preimplantation embryos from young rhesus macaque females were established. RESULT(S) Fifty preimplantation embryos, displaying good morphology and normal development, were analyzed from 11 young rhesus macaque females. Overall, 27 embryos (54%) were normal, 11 embryos (22%) mosaic, 3 embryos (6%) chaotic, 2 embryos (4%) aneuploid, 3 embryos (6%) haploid, and 4 embryos (8%) triploid. CONCLUSION(S) These data indicate that in vitro produced rhesus macaque and human preimplantation embryos exhibit similar numerical chromosomal aberrations. Rhesus macaques appear to be a suitable animal model for investigating the origin of chromosomal instability observed in human preimplantation embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathérine Dupont
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Physiology, CS Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA.
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CRANFIELD MR, KEMPSKE SE, SCHAFFER N. The use of in vitro fertilisation and embryo transfer techniques for the enhancement of genetic diversity in the captive population of the Lion-tailed macaque Macaca silenus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1090.1988.tb03208.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yang S, He X, Hildebrandt TB, Zhou Q, Ji W. Superovulatory response to a low dose single-daily treatment of rhFSH dissolved in polyvinylpyrrolidone in rhesus monkeys. Am J Primatol 2007; 69:1278-84. [PMID: 17440965 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.20433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
To simplify the procedure for superovulation in the rhesus monkey, this study was designed using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) solution as a solvent for gonadotropins. Thirty-five cycling females (aged 5-8 years old) were divided into six groups during the breeding season (November- February). The groups were as follows: Group I, animals received twice-daily 35 IU recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone (rhFSH) dissolved in 0.5 ml saline for 8 days as the control; Groups II and III, animals received single-daily 35 IU and 17 IU rhFSH in 0.5 saline, respectively, for 9 days; Groups IV, V and VI, received single-daily injection of 35 IU rhFSH, 17 IU rhFSH and 8.5 IU rhFSH dissolved in 0.5 ml 30% PVP (w/v) solution, respectively, for 9 days. After human chorionic gonadotropin was administered to induce the nuclear maturation of oocytes, oocytes were retrieved and the development competence of recovered oocytes treated with in vitro fertilization were observed. The plasma concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone and ovarian responses were monitored during the treatment. The results showed that the number of recovered oocytes and the in vitro developmental competence of mature oocytes was equivalent among monkeys when treated with a single-daily treatment of 17 and 35 IU rhFSH with PVP preparation in Groups IV and V compared with the twice-daily 35 IU rhFSH treatments received by Group I. However, almost all animals in Groups II, III and VI responded poorly to corresponding stimulations. These findings indicate that a single-daily low dose of rhFSH dissolved in PVP solution can induce the satisfactory ovarian responses in rhesus monkeys. This has the potential to reduce treatment distress, stress to the animals, the labor of the operator as well as the amount of rhFSH used in ovarian stimulation, compared with traditional superovulation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihua Yang
- Kunming Primate Research Center and Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Animal Reproduction, Kunming, Yunnan, PR China
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Abstract
The role of the non-human primate (NHP) oocyte and embryo in translational research is considered here including both in vitro activities directly involving oocytes or embryos as well as animal studies that impact reproductive function. Reasons to consider NHPs as animal research models along with their limitations are summarized. A case is made that in limited instances, such as in the development and application of the assisted reproductive technologies or in the study of embryonic stem cells, the human oocyte and embryo have acted as models for the monkey. The development of strategies for the preservation of fertility is used as an example of ongoing research in the non-human primate that cannot be conducted in women for ethical reasons. In animal studies, monitoring reproductive potential, responses to embryonic stem cell transplantation, along with translational research in the field of contraceptive development for women are considered as subjects that benefit from the availability of a NHP model.
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Leibo SP, Kubisch HM, Schramm RD, Harrison RM, VandeVoort CA. Male-to-male differences in post-thaw motility of rhesus spermatozoa after cryopreservation of replicate ejaculates. J Med Primatol 2007; 36:151-63. [PMID: 17517090 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0684.2006.00194.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficiency of controlled propagation to produce rhesus monkeys of particular genotypes can be maximized by use of cryopreserved spermatozoa collected from specific males to inseminate appropriate females. But this assumes that semen from males with different genotypes can be cryopreserved with equal effectiveness. METHODS To investigate whether spermatozoa from different Macaca mulatta males can be effectively cryopreserved when frozen under identical conditions, we collected and froze semen specimens from 13 adult, fertile males maintained at three primate research centers. RESULTS Survival, based on post-thaw motility normalized to the pre-freeze value, was assayed within 30 minutes after thawing; it varied from 50% to 70% but declined thereafter. To examine the response of semen from individual males, we collected and froze three to six ejaculates per male from each of seven males. CONCLUSIONS In general, semen from a given male responded reproducibly to freezing, but there were significant differences among males. The cause of these differences among M. mulatta males in post-thaw sperm survival remains unidentified.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Leibo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Orleans, Audubon Center for Research of Endangered Species, New Orleans, LA, USA
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40
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Yang S, He X, Hildebrandt TB, Jewgenow K, Goeritz F, Tang X, Zhou Q, Ji W. Effects of rhFSH dose on ovarian follicular response, oocyte recovery and embryo development in rhesus monkeys. Theriogenology 2007; 67:1194-201. [PMID: 17321585 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2006] [Accepted: 10/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to study the effects of dose of recombinant human follicular stimulating hormone (rhFSH) for ovarian stimulation in rhesus monkeys. Nineteen pubertal and 109 adult female rhesus monkeys were given 37.5, 18, or 9 IU of rhFSH twice-daily for 8 days (total of 600, 300, or 150 IU of rhFSH per cycle, respectively; designated Regimens 1, 2 and 3). Ovarian responses were assessed with ultrasonography, serum concentrations of E2 and FSH, and by in vitro developmental potential (following IVF) of retrieved oocytes. Regimen 1 had more monkeys with very large follicles (diameter>8 mm) than Regimen 2 (P<0.05), which impaired development potential. However, there were no differences between Regimens 1 and 2 in oocyte recovery, whereas Regimen 3 did not elicit superovulation. The developmental potential of embryos obtained from Regimen 2 was higher than that of Regimen 1, as determined by culture to the blastocyst stage in vitro (proportion of blastocysts relative to collected MII oocytes was 55.8% versus 36.8% in pubertal and 63.8% versus 44.2% in adult monkeys; P<0.05 for each), and the results of embryo transfer from Regimen 2 were acceptable. In conclusion, we inferred that the optimal rhFSH dose for ovarian stimulation in rhesus monkeys was a total of 300 IU; this dose should be efficacious for ovarian stimulation as the quality or recovered oocytes was higher and the risk of overstimulation was reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yang
- Kunming Primate Research Center and Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Animal Reproduction, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, PR China
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41
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Hernández-López L, Cerda-Molina AL, Páez-Ponce DL, Rojas-Maya S, Mondragón-Ceballos R. Artificial insemination in black-handed spider monkey (Ateles geoffroyi). Theriogenology 2007; 67:399-406. [PMID: 17023040 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2006] [Accepted: 06/16/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Artificial insemination (AI) was performed in spider monkeys; these primates are vulnerable to extinction and usually do not reproduce spontaneously in captivity. Uterine cycles were followed by daily assessment of vaginal cytology, and corroborated a posteriori by concentrations of 17-beta estradiol and progesterone, measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA), in fecal samples collected once daily. Five females between 13 to 27 years old were inseminated intravaginally (with fresh semen) twice each during the periovulatory phase (Days 9-12 of the menstrual cycle; Day 0, first day of menstrual bleeding), from September to the first 3 weeks of November (most fertile months). Transcervical AI was not useful in this primate because the liquid portion of the semen completely solidified instead of liquefying as in other primates. Pregnancies were apparently achieved in 5 of 14 attempts. One female became pregnant after the first round of inseminations, delivered a healthy infant, was inseminated and got pregnant again (subsequently aborted). One female aborted, apparently due to an intramural uterine leiomyoma. Another two females stopped menstruating for a few months, then restarted menstruating (these females may have been pregnant and aborted). In conclusion, in spider monkeys: (1) captivity-induced stress did not inhibit reproduction; (2) fecal steroid hormones were useful to assess cyclicity; (3) the semen coagulum, which apparently is a tightly packed and large reservoir of spermatozoa, must not be discarded but used in AI; (4) old female spider monkeys did not have cessation of reproductive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Hernández-López
- Departamento de Etología, Dirección de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México- Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan 14370, México D.F., Mexico.
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42
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Kubisch HM, Gagliardi C, Williams VM, Ribka EP, Ratterree MS. In vitro fertilization in the pigtailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina). Theriogenology 2006; 66:749-54. [PMID: 16522329 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2005.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2005] [Accepted: 12/27/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the possibility of collecting oocytes and semen from pigtailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina) and to establish a protocol for the production of viable embryos that would be suitable for transfer into surrogate females. A total of 82 oocytes were collected from a total of four females (on 2 d with two females each). Semen was collected from the same male on both occasions with respective ejaculate volumes of 0.55 and 0.1 mL containing 2 x 10(9) and 6.6 x 10(8)sperm/mL. Following insemination and after 48 h in culture, 42 (51.2%) of the oocytes had cleaved. Of these, 21 were selected based on developmental stage and their morphology and cryopreserved. The remainder was kept in culture for an additional 5 d, at which time three had reached the expanded blastocyst stage. A total of five transfers were performed with frozen-thawed embryos; two of these resulted in pregnancies and the birth of infants. The results of this study demonstrated that oocytes can be retrieved from pigtailed macaques and that such oocytes can be inseminated and cultured in vitro to the blastocyst stage and give rise to viable offspring after transfer into surrogate females.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Kubisch
- Unit of Reproductive Biology, Division of Veterinary Medicine, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA.
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43
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Abstract
The nonhuman primate is a highly relevant model for the study of human diseases, and currently there is a significant need for populations of animals with specific genotypes that can not be satisfied by the capture of animals from the wild or by conventional breeding. There is an even greater need for genetically identical animals in vaccine development or tissue transplantation research, where immune system function is under study. Efficient somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) procedures could provide a source for genetically identical nonhuman primates for biomedical research. SCNT offers the possibility of cloning animals using cultured cells and potentially provides an alternative approach for the genetic modification of primates. The opportunity to introduce precise genetic modifications into cultured cells by gene targeting procedures, and then use these cells as nuclear donors in SCNT, has potential application in the production of loss-of-function monkey models of human diseases. We were initially successful in producing monkeys by NT using embryonic blastomeres as the source of donor nuclei and have repeated that success. However, when somatic cells are used as nuclear donor cells, the developmental potential of monkey SCNT embryos is limited, and somatic cell cloning has not yet been accomplished in primates. High rates of in vitro development to blastocysts, comparable with in vitro fertilization controls, and successful production of rhesus monkeys by NT from embryonic blastomeres suggests that basic cloning procedures, including enucleation, fusion, and activation, are consistent with the production of viable embryos. Although modifications or additional steps in SCNT are clearly warranted, the basic procedures will likely be similar to those extant for embryonic cell NT. In this chapter, we describe detailed protocols for rhesus macaque embryonic cell NT, including oocyte and embryo production, micromanipulation, and embryo transfer in nonhuman primates.
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44
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Bavister BD. ARTs in action in nonhuman primates: symposium summary--advances and remaining issues. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2004; 2:43. [PMID: 15202938 PMCID: PMC446213 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-2-43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2004] [Accepted: 06/17/2004] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Barry D Bavister
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
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45
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VandeVoort CA. High quality sperm for nonhuman primate ART: production and assessment. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2004; 2:33. [PMID: 15200678 PMCID: PMC436066 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-2-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2004] [Accepted: 06/16/2004] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Factors that affect sperm quality can include method of semen collection, conditions for capacitation and whether or not agglutination is present. Media and procedures for sperm washing can also impair or improve sperm function in assisted reproductive technologies. For example, the removal of seminal fluid through large volume washing is required to eliminate decapacitation activity of seminal plasma. The forces involved with centrifugation and the metabolic stress of tightly pelleting sperm during washing procedures can have deleterious results. In contrast to human sperm, sperm from the most commonly used species of nonhuman primates, rhesus and cynomolgus macaques, do not spontaneously capacitate in vitro; rather, chemical activation with dibutryl cyclic AMP and caffeine is required. Recognizing motility patterns of non-activated and activated sperm can be accomplished with simple observation. After activation, sperm agglutination sometimes occurs and can interfere with sperm binding to the zona pellucida. Because nonhuman primate oocytes require a large investment to produce and currently, each animal can be hormonally stimulated a limited number of times, it is important to have means to evaluate quality prior to using sperm from a new male for in vitro fertilization. Methods for producing live, acrosome reacted sperm may also have application for ICSI. Because many genetically valuable males are now being identified, it may be necessary to individualize sperm preparation to accommodate male-to-male variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A VandeVoort
- California National Primate Research Center and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.
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46
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Abstract
The assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) have been used in the production of rhesus monkey offspring at the Oregon National Primate Research Center (ONPRC) and that experience is summarized here. Additionally these technologies serve as a source of oocytes/embryos for monozygotic twinning, embryonic stem (ES) cell derivation and cloning. High fertilization efficiencies were realized with conventional insemination or following the use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and approximately 50% of the resulting embryos grew in vitro to blastocysts. Both fresh and frozen sperm were employed in fertilization by ICSI and the resulting embryos could be low temperature stored for subsequent thawing and transfer when a synchronized recipient female was available or after shipment to another facility. Following the transfer of up to 3 embryos, an overall pregnancy rate of 30% was achieved with increasing rates dependent upon the number of embryos transferred. Singleton pregnancy outcomes following the transfer of ART produced embryos were similar to those observed in a control group of animals in the timed mated breeding colony at ONPRC. ICSI produced embryos were used in efforts to create monozygotic twins by blastomere separation or blastocyst splitting. While pregnancies were achieved following the transfer of demi-embryos, only one was a twin and it was lost to spontaneous abortion. ICSI produced embryos have also served as the source of blastocysts for the derivation of embryonic stem cells. These pluripotent cells hold potential for cell based therapies and we consider the monkey an important translational model in which to evaluate safety, efficacy and feasibility of regenerative medicine approaches based on the transplantation of stem cell-derived progeny. Finally, efforts to produce genetically-identical monkeys by nuclear transfer have been briefly summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don P Wolf
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center Beaverton, Oregon, USA.
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47
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Stouffer RL, Zelinski-Wooten MB. Overriding follicle selection in controlled ovarian stimulation protocols: quality vs quantity. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2004; 2:32. [PMID: 15200679 PMCID: PMC442134 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-2-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2004] [Accepted: 06/16/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Selection of the species-specific number of follicles that will develop and ovulate during the ovarian cycle can be overridden by increasing the levels of pituitary gonadotropin hormones, FSH and LH. During controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) in nonhuman primates for assisted reproductive technology (ART) protocols, the method of choice (but not the only method) has been the administration of exogenous gonadotropins, either of nonprimate or primate origin. Due to species-specificity of the primate LH (but not FSH) receptor, COS with nonprimate (e.g., PMSG) hormones can be attributed to their FSH activity. Elevated levels of FSH alone will produce large antral follicles containing oocytes capable of fertilization in vitro (IVF). However, there is evidence that LH, probably in lesser amounts, increases the rate of follicular development, reduces heterogeneity of the antral follicle pool, and improves the viability and rate of pre-implantation development of IVF-produced embryos. Since an endogenous LH surge typically does not occur during COS cycles (especially when a GnRH antagonist is added), a large dose of an LH-like hormone (i.e., hCG) may be given to reinitiate meiosis and produce fertilizable oocytes. Alternate approaches using exogenous LH (or FSH), or GnRH agonist to induce an endogenous LH surge, have received lesser attention. Current protocols will routinely yield dozens of large follicles with fertilizable eggs. However, limitations include non/poor-responding animals, heterogeneity of follicles (and presumably oocytes) and subsequent short luteal phases (limiting embryo transfer in COS cycles). However, the most serious limitation to further improvements and expanded use of COS protocols for ART is the lack of availability of nonhuman primate gonadotropins. Human, and even more so, nonprimate gonadotropins are antigenic in monkeys, which limits the number of COS cycles to as few as 1 (PMSG) or 3 (recombinant hCG) protocols in macaques. Production and access to sufficient supplies of nonhuman primate FSH, LH and CG would overcome this major hurdle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard L Stouffer
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Mary B Zelinski-Wooten
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
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Wolf DP, Thormahlen S, Ramsey C, Yeoman RR, Fanton J, Mitalipov S. Use of assisted reproductive technologies in the propagation of rhesus macaque offspring. Biol Reprod 2004; 71:486-93. [PMID: 15044263 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.103.025932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) as tailored to the production of rhesus monkeys at the Oregon National Primate Research Center (ONPRC) are described. Efficient fertilization of mature oocytes recovered by aspiration from females subjected to follicular stimulation was achieved with fresh or frozen sperm by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Embryo development to the early cleavage stage occurred at high frequency. Cryopreserved embryos showed high postthaw survival and were also transferred in efforts to establish pregnancies. Three methods of transfer were evaluated, two involving embryo placement into the oviduct, laparoscopy and minilaparotomy, and a nonsurgical, transcervical approach that resulted in uterine deposition. Early cleaving embryos (Days 1-4) were transferred into the oviducts of synchronized recipients with optimal results and pregnancy rates of up to 36%. Pregnancy rates were similar when two fresh or frozen embryos were transferred (28- 30%), although more than two embryos had to be thawed to compensate for embryo loss during freeze-thawing. Normal gestational lengths, birth weights, and growth curves were seen with ART-produced infants compared with infants produced by natural mating in the timed mated breeding (TMB) colony at the ONPRC. In 72 singleton pregnancies established following the transfer of ART-produced embryos, the live-birth rate, at 87.5%, was statistically identical to that for the TMB colony. Further development of the ARTs should result in increasing use of these techniques to augment conventional approaches to propagating monkeys, especially those of defined genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Wolf
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.
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Davenport AT, Lees CJ, Green HL, Grant KA. Long-acting depot formulation of luprolide acetate as a method of hypothalamic down regulation for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and oocyte production in Macaca fascicularis. Biol Reprod 2003; 68:2261-6. [PMID: 12606362 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.102.012468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproductive function in some nonhuman primate species parallels that of the human. As a result, studies addressing aspects of reproductive function primarily involve the use of nonhuman primate models. The objective of the present study was to assess the efficiency of two hypothalamic down-regulation techniques combined with a single controlled ovarian hyperstimulation protocol for mature oocyte production in the cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis). Hypothalamic GnRH down regulation was first induced using the clinical long protocol of the short-acting GnRH-agonist luprolide acetate combined with controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and oocyte retrieval. Resulting oocyte yield and maturity with this regimen was insufficient for further evaluation of oocyte competency. Hypothalamic down regulation was induced in the second experiment using the long-acting depot formulation of luprolide acetate in conjunction with controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. This regimen allowed for the consistently efficient production of oocytes (15.5 oocytes per oocyte retrieval) and an oocyte maturity rate of 56%. Oocyte competence, as determined by the ability to undergo fertilization or parthenogenic activation and to reach specific cleavage stages at appropriate time intervals, was evaluated. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection resulted in a 59% fertilization rate and a 91% cleavage rate. Parthenogenic activation resulted in a 70% activation rate and an 86% cleavage rate. These data suggest that use of the long-acting form of luprolide acetate in conjunction with controlled ovarian hyperstimulation results in the production of competent, mature oocytes and allows the efficient use of nonhuman primate resources in studies of reproductive function in cynomolgus macaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- April T Davenport
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA
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