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Lee J, Kwon J, Jo YJ, Yoon SB, Hyeon JH, Park BJ, You HJ, Youn C, Kim Y, Choi HW, Kim JS. Particulate matter 10 induces oxidative stress and apoptosis in rhesus macaques skin fibroblast. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16589. [PMID: 38130933 PMCID: PMC10734408 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Particulate matter (PM) is a major air pollutant that affects human health worldwide. PM can pass through the skin barrier, thus causing skin diseases such as heat rash, allergic reaction, infection, or inflammation. However, only a few studies have been conducted on the cytotoxic effects of PM exposure on large-scale animals. Therefore, herein, we investigated whether and how PM affects rhesus macaque skin fibroblasts. Methods Rhesus macaque skin fibroblasts were treated with various concentrations of PM10 (1, 5, 10, 50, and 100 μg/mL) and incubated for 24, 48, and 72 h. Then, cell viability assay, TUNEL assay, and qRT-PCR were performed on the treated cells. Further, the reactive oxygen species, glutathione, and cathepsin B levels were determined. The MTT assay revealed that PM10 (>50 μg/mL) proportionately reduced the cell proliferation rate. Results PM10 treatment increased TUNEL-positive cell numbers, following the pro-apoptosis-associated genes (CASP3 and BAX) and tumor suppressor gene TP53 were significantly upregulated. PM10 treatment induced reactive oxidative stress. Cathepsin B intensity was increased, whereas GSH intensity was decreased. The mRNA expression levels of antioxidant enzyme-related genes (CAT, GPX1 and GPX3) were significantly upregulated. Furthermore, PM10 reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential. The mRNA expression of mitochondrial complex genes, such as NDUFA1, NDUFA2, NDUFAC2, NDUFS4, and ATP5H were also significantly upregulated. In conclusion, these results showed that PM10 triggers apoptosis and mitochondrial damage, thus inducing ROS accumulation. These findings provide potential information on the cytotoxic effects of PM10 treatment and help to understand the mechanism of air pollution-induced skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiin Lee
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongup-si, Republic of Korea
- Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongwoo Kwon
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongup-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Jo
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongup-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Bin Yoon
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongup-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Hyeon
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongup-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom-Jin Park
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongup-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Ju You
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongup-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Changsic Youn
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongup-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Yejin Kim
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongup-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Choi
- Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Su Kim
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongup-si, Republic of Korea
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Lee SK, Ji MK, Jo YJ, Park C, Cho H, Lim HP. Effect of Non-Thermal Plasma Treatment of Contaminated Zirconia Surface on Porphyromonas gingivalis Adhesion and Osteoblast Viability. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15155348. [PMID: 35955282 PMCID: PMC9369701 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Plasma treatment on a zirconia surface prevents bacterial contamination and maintains osteoblast activity. To assess the degree of adhesion of Porphyromonas gingivalis on a zirconia surface after non-thermal plasma (NTP) treatment, specimens were treated with plasma for 60, 300, and 600 s, after which P. gingivalis was inoculated onto the surface and incubated for 48 h. To assess osteoblast activity after NTP treatment, osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) were dispensed onto the specimens contaminated with P. gingivalis immediately after NTP for 60 and 120 s, followed by incubation for 48, 72, and 96 h. P. gingivalis was cultured after 60 s of NTP treatment of zirconia. The NTP and control groups showed no significant difference (p = 0.91), but adhesion was significantly increased following NTP treatment for 300 s or longer (300, 600 s groups) (p < 0.05). After NTP treatment of P. gingivalis-contaminated zirconia, osteoblast activity significantly increased at 72 and 96 h (I60 and I120 s group) in the groups treated with plasma (p < 0.017). Application of NTP to dental zirconia implants for 60 s not only inhibits the proliferation of P. gingivalis, which causes peri-implantitis but also increases osseointegration on zirconia surfaces contaminated with P. gingivalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Ki Lee
- Department of Prosthodontics, Daejeon Dental Hospital, Wonkwang University, Daejeon 35233, Korea;
| | - Min-Kyung Ji
- Dental 4D Research Center, Chonnam National University, 33 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Yu-Jin Jo
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, 33 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (Y.-J.J.); (C.P.)
| | - Chan Park
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, 33 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (Y.-J.J.); (C.P.)
| | - Hoonsung Cho
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Chonnam National University, 33 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.C.); (H.-P.L.); Tel.: +82-62-530-1717 (H.C.); +82-62-530-5577 (H.-P.L.)
| | - Hyun-Pil Lim
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, 33 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (Y.-J.J.); (C.P.)
- Correspondence: (H.C.); (H.-P.L.); Tel.: +82-62-530-1717 (H.C.); +82-62-530-5577 (H.-P.L.)
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Sureshkumar S, Lee HC, Lee S, Jung SK, Kim D, Oh KB, Yang H, Jo YJ, Lee S, Byun SJ. Preliminary Study to Investigate the Effect of Lactobacillus Reuteri Administration on Growth Performance, Immunological, Gut Microbiome and Intestinal Mucosa of Chicken. Braz J Poult Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Sureshkumar
- National Institute of Animal Science, Republic of Korea; Dankook University, Republic of Korea
| | - HC Lee
- National Institute of Animal Science, Republic of Korea
| | - S Lee
- National Institute of Animal Science, Republic of Korea
| | - SK Jung
- National Institute of Animal Science, Republic of Korea
| | - D Kim
- Sungkyunkwan University, Republic of Korea
| | - KB Oh
- National Institute of Animal Science, Republic of Korea
| | - H Yang
- National Institute of Animal Science, Republic of Korea
| | - YJ Jo
- National Institute of Animal Science, Republic of Korea
| | - S Lee
- Sungkyunkwan University, Republic of Korea
| | - SJ Byun
- National Institute of Animal Science, Republic of Korea
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Gong YX, Liu Y, Jin YH, Jin MH, Han YH, Li J, Shen GN, Xie DP, Ren CX, Yu LY, Lee DS, Kim JS, Jo YJ, Kwon J, Lee J, Park YH, Kwon T, Cui YD, Sun HN. Picrasma quassioides Extract Elevates the Cervical Cancer Cell Apoptosis Through ROS-Mitochondrial Axis Activated p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway. In Vivo 2021; 34:1823-1833. [PMID: 32606152 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Picrasma quassioides (P. quassioides) is used in traditional Asian medicine widely for the treatment of anemopyretic cold, eczema, nausea, loss of appetite, diabetes mellitus, hypertension etc. In this study we aimed to understand the effect of P. quassioides ethanol extract on SiHa cervical cancer cell apoptosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The P. quassioides extract-induced apoptosis was analyzed using the MTT assay, fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry and western blotting. RESULTS P. quassioides extract induced cellular apoptosis by increasing the accumulation of cellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and inhibiting ATP synthesis. Pretreatment with N-Acetylcysteine (NAC), a classic antioxidant, decreased the intracellular ROS production and inhibited apoptosis. In addition, the P38 MAPK signaling pathway is a key in the apoptosis of SiHa cells induced by the P. quassioides extract. CONCLUSION The P. quassioides extract exerts its anti-cancer properties on SiHa cells through ROS-mitochondria axis and P38 MAPK signaling. Our data provide a new insight for P. quassioides as a therapeutic strategy for cervical cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xi Gong
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Yue Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Hua Jin
- Library and Information Center, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Hua Jin
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Hao Han
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Gui-Nan Shen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Dan-Ping Xie
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Chen-Xi Ren
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Li-Yun Yu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Seok Lee
- School of Life Sciences, KNU Creative BioResearch Group (BK21 plus project), Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Su Kim
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Jo
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongwoo Kwon
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk Natonal University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaihyung Lee
- Haeam Convalescence Hospital, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Ho Park
- Park Yang Ho BRM Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Kwon
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Dong Cui
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Hu-Nan Sun
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, Daqing, P.R. China
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Jo YJ, Kwon J, Jin ZL, Namgoong S, Kwon T, Yoon SB, Lee DH, Kim JS, Kim NH. WHAMM is essential for spindle formation and spindle actin polymerization in maturing mouse oocytes. Cell Cycle 2021; 20:225-235. [PMID: 33397186 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1867791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
WHAMM (WAS Protein Homolog Associated with Actin, Golgi Membranes, and Microtubules) is involved in Golgi membrane association, microtubule binding, and actin nucleation as a nucleation-promoting factor, which activates the actin-related protein 2/3 complex (the Arp2/3 complex). However, the role of WHAMM in mammalian oocyte maturation is poorly understood. The presence of WHAMM mRNA and protein during all stages of mouse oocyte maturation has been verified. It is mainly co-localized with the actin cage permeating the spindle during mouse oocyte maturation. Through the knockdown of WHAMM, we confirmed that it regulates spindle formation and affects the localization of the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) during the early stages of spindle formation. Moreover, depletion of WHAMM impaired the formation of the spindle actin and chromosome alignment, which might be the cause of chromosomal aneuploidy and abnormal, asymmetric division. Treatment with brefeldin A (BFA), an inhibitor of vesicle transport from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus, induced abnormal and dispersed localization of WHAMM. Taken together, these findings show that WHAMM is an essential component of the actin cytoskeleton machinery and plays a crucial role in oocyte maturation, presumably by controlling the formation of spindles with normal length by activating the formation of the spindle actin via the Arp2/3 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jin Jo
- Primate Resources Center (PRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) , Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.,Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University , Cheong-Ju, Chungcheongbuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongwoo Kwon
- Primate Resources Center (PRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) , Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.,Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University , Cheong-Ju, Chungcheongbuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhe-Long Jin
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University , Cheong-Ju, Chungcheongbuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Namgoong
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University , Cheong-Ju, Chungcheongbuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Kwon
- Primate Resources Center (PRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) , Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Bin Yoon
- Primate Resources Center (PRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) , Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Lee
- Primate Resources Center (PRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) , Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Su Kim
- Primate Resources Center (PRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) , Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University , Cheong-Ju, Chungcheongbuk-Do, Republic of Korea
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Jo YJ, Yoon SB, Park BJ, Lee SI, Kim KJ, Kim SY, Kim M, Lee JK, Lee SY, Lee DH, Kwon T, Son Y, Lee JR, Kwon J, Kim JS. Particulate Matter Exposure During Oocyte Maturation: Cell Cycle Arrest, ROS Generation, and Early Apoptosis in Mice. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:602097. [PMID: 33324650 PMCID: PMC7726243 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.602097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is a general atmospheric pollutant released into the air by an anthropogenic and naturally derived mixture of substances. Current studies indicate that fine dust can result in different health defects, including endothelial dysfunction, asthma, lung cancer, cardiovascular diseases, uterine leiomyoma, deterioration in sperm quality, and overall birth impairment. However, the most prominent effects of PM10 (diameter < 10 μM) exposure on the female reproductive system, especially with respect to oocyte maturation, remain unclear. In the present study, maturing mouse oocytes were treated with PM10 and the phenotypes of the resulting toxic effects were investigated. Exposure to PM10 led to impairment of maturation capacity by inducing cell cycle arrest and blocking normal polar body extrusion during in vitro maturation and activation of fertilization of mouse oocytes. Additionally, defects in tubulin formation and DNA alignment were observed in PM10-treated oocytes during metaphase I to anaphase/telophase I transition. Moreover, PM10 induced reactive oxygen species generation, mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA damage, and early apoptosis. Taken together, these results indicate that PM10 exposure leads to a decline in oocyte quality and affects the subsequent embryonic development potential of mammalian oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jin Jo
- Primate Resources Center (PRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Seung-Bin Yoon
- Primate Resources Center (PRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Byoung-Jin Park
- Primate Resources Center (PRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Sang Il Lee
- Primate Resources Center (PRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Ki Jin Kim
- Primate Resources Center (PRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Se-Yong Kim
- Primate Resources Center (PRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Minseong Kim
- Primate Resources Center (PRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Jun-Ki Lee
- Primate Resources Center (PRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Sang-Yong Lee
- Primate Resources Center (PRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Lee
- Primate Resources Center (PRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Taeho Kwon
- Primate Resources Center (PRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Yeonghoon Son
- Primate Resources Center (PRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Ja-Rang Lee
- Primate Resources Center (PRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Jeongwoo Kwon
- Primate Resources Center (PRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Ji-Su Kim
- Primate Resources Center (PRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, South Korea
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Kwon J, Seong MJ, Piao X, Jo YJ, Kim NH. LIMK1/2 are required for actin filament and cell junction assembly in porcine embryos developing in vitro. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2020; 33:1579-1589. [PMID: 32054159 PMCID: PMC7463081 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study was conducted to investigate the roles of LIM kinases (LIMK1 and LIMK2) during porcine early embryo development. We checked the mRNA expression patterns and localization of LIMK1/2 to evaluate their characterization. We further explored the function of LIMK1/2 in developmental competence and their relationship between actin assembly and cell junction integrity, specifically during the first cleavage and compaction. Methods Pig ovaries were transferred from a local slaughterhouse within 1 h and cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were collected. COCs were matured in in vitro maturation medium in a CO2 incubator. Metaphase II oocytes were activated using an Electro Cell Manipulator 2001 and microinjected to insert LIMK1/2 dsRNA into the cytoplasm. To confirm the roles of LIMK1/2 during compaction and subsequent blastocyst formation, we employed a LIMK inhibitor (LIMKi3). Results LIMK1/2 was localized in cytoplasm in embryos and co-localized with actin in cell-to-cell boundaries after the morula stage. LIMK1/2 knockdown using LIMK1/2 dsRNA significantly decreased the cleavage rate, compared to the control group. Protein levels of E-cadherin and β-catenin, present in adherens junctions, were reduced at the cell-to-cell boundaries in the LIMK1/2 knockdown embryos. Embryos treated with LIMKi3 at the morula stage failed to undergo compaction and could not develop into blastocysts. Actin intensity at the cortical region was considerably reduced in LIMKi3-treated embryos. LIMKi3-induced decrease in cortical actin levels was attributed to the disruption of adherens junction and tight junction assembly. Phosphorylation of cofilin was also reduced in LIMKi3-treated embryos. Conclusion The above results suggest that LIMK1/2 is crucial for cleavage and compaction through regulation of actin organization and cell junction assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongwoo Kwon
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk Natonal University, Cheongju 28864, Korea
| | - Min-Jung Seong
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk Natonal University, Cheongju 28864, Korea
| | - Xuanjing Piao
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk Natonal University, Cheongju 28864, Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Jo
- Primate Resources Center (PRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup 56216, Korea
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk Natonal University, Cheongju 28864, Korea.,School of Biotechnology and Healthcare, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
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Kwon T, Chandimali N, Lee DH, Son Y, Yoon SB, Lee JR, Lee S, Kim KJ, Lee SY, Kim SY, Jo YJ, Kim M, Park BJ, Lee JK, Jeong DK, Kim JS. Potential Applications of Non-thermal Plasma in Animal Husbandry to Improve Infrastructure. In Vivo 2019; 33:999-1010. [PMID: 31280188 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Infrastructure in animal husbandry refers to fundamental facilities and services necessary for better living conditions of animals and its economy to function through better productivity. Mainly, infrastructure can be divided into two categories: hard infrastructure and soft infrastructure. Physical infrastructure, such as buildings, roads, and water supplying systems, belongs to hard infrastructure. Soft infrastructure includes services which are required to maintain economic, health, cultural and social standards of animal husbandry. Therefore, the proper management of infrastructure in animal husbandry is necessary for animal welfare and its economy. Among various technologies to improve the quality of infrastructure, non-thermal plasma (NTP) technology is an effectively applicable technology in different stages of animal husbandry. NTP is mainly helpful in maintaining better health conditions of animals in several ways via decontamination from microorganisms present in air, water, food, instruments and surfaces of animal farming systems. Furthermore, NTP is used in the treatment of waste water, vaccine production, wound healing in animals, odor-free ventilation, and packaging of animal food or animal products. This review summarizes the recent studies of NTP which can be related to the infrastructure in animal husbandry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeho Kwon
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Nisansala Chandimali
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center,Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering and Stem Cell Biology, Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Lee
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonghoon Son
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Bin Yoon
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja-Rang Lee
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangil Lee
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Jin Kim
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yong Lee
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Yong Kim
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Jo
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseong Kim
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Jin Park
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Ki Lee
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Kee Jeong
- Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering and Stem Cell Biology, Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Su Kim
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
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Kwon J, Jo YJ, Namgoong S, Kim NH. Functional roles of hnRNPA2/B1 regulated by METTL3 in mammalian embryonic development. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8640. [PMID: 31201338 PMCID: PMC6572863 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44714-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 (hnRNPA2/B1) plays an important role in RNA processing via in m6A modification of pre-mRNA or pre-miRNA. However, the functional role of and relationship between m6A and hnRNPA2/B1 in early embryonic development are unclear. Here, we found that hnRNPA2/B1 is crucial for early embryonic development by virtue of regulating specific gene transcripts. HnRNPA2/B1 was localized to the nucleus and cytoplasm during subsequent embryonic development, starting at fertilization. Knockdown of hnRNPA2/B1 delayed embryonic development after the 4-cell stage and blocked further development. RNA-Seq analysis revealed changes in the global expression patterns of genes involved in transcription, translation, cell cycle, embryonic stem cell differentiation, and RNA methylation in hnRNPA2/B1 KD blastocysts. The levels of the inner cell mass markers OCT4 and SOX2 were decreased in hnRNPA2/B1 KD blastocysts, whereas that of the differentiation marker GATA4 was decreased. N6-Adenosine methyltransferase METTL3 knock-down caused embryonic developmental defects similar to those in hnRNPA2/B1 KD embryos. Moreover, METTL3 KD blastocysts showed increased mis-localization of hnRNPA2/B1 and decreased m6A RNA methylation. Taken together, our results suggest that hnRNPA2/B1 is essential for early embryogenesis through the regulation of transcription-related factors and determination of cell fate transition. Moreover, hnRNPA2/B1 is regulated by METTL3-dependent m6A RNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongwoo Kwon
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Gaesin-dong, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Jo
- Primate Resources Center (PRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, 56216, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Namgoong
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Gaesin-dong, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Gaesin-dong, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Republic of Korea.
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Kwon J, Li YH, Jo YJ, Oh Y, Namgoong S, Kim NH. Inhibition of MEK1/2 and GSK3 (2i system) affects blastocyst quality and early differentiation of porcine parthenotes. PeerJ 2019; 6:e5840. [PMID: 30643672 PMCID: PMC6327883 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of both MEK1/2 and glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3; 2i system) facilitates the maintenance of naïve stemness for embryonic stem cells in various mammalian species. However, the effect of the inhibition of the 2i system on porcine early embryogenesis is unknown. We investigated the effect of the 2i system on early embryo development, expression of pluripotency-related genes, and epigenetic modifications. Inhibition of MEK1/2 (by PD0325901) and/or GSK3 (by CHIR99021) did not alter the developmental potential of porcine parthenogenetic embryos, but improved blastocyst quality, as judged by the blastocyst cell number, diameter, and reduction in the number of apoptotic cells. The expression levels of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 and SOX2, the primary transcription factors that maintain embryonic pluripotency, were significantly increased by 2i treatments. Epigenetic modification-related gene expression was altered upon 2i treatment. The collective results indicate that the 2i system in porcine embryos improved embryo developmental potential and blastocyst quality by regulating epigenetic modifications and pluripotency-related gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongwoo Kwon
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ying-Hua Li
- Department of Animal Sciences, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Yu-Jin Jo
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - YoungJin Oh
- Genetic Engineering, Cheongchungbuk-do Veterinary Service Laboratory, Cheongju, Cheongchungbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Namgoong
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
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Jo YJ, Lee IW, Jung SM, Kwon J, Kim NH, Namgoong S. Spire localization via zinc finger-containing domain is crucial for the asymmetric division of mouse oocyte. FASEB J 2018; 33:4432-4447. [PMID: 30557038 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801905r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Zinc plays an essential role in mammalian oocyte maturation, fertilization, and early embryogenesis, and depletion of zinc impairs cell cycle control, asymmetric division, and cytokinesis in oocyte. We report that zinc, via the actin nucleator Spire, acts as an essential regulator of the actin cytoskeleton remodeling during mouse oocyte maturation and fertilization. Depletion of zinc in the mouse oocyte impaired cortical and cytoplasmic actin formation. Spire is colocalized with zinc-containing vesicles via its zinc finger-containing Fab1, YOTB, Vac 1, EEA1 (FYVE) domain. Improper localization of Spire by zinc depletion or mutations in the FYVE domain impair cytoplasmic actin mesh formations and asymmetric division and cytokinesis of oocyte. All 3 major domains of the Spire are required for its proper localization and activity. After fertilization or parthenogenetic activation, Spire localization was dramatically altered following zinc release from the oocyte. Collectively, our data reveal novel roles for zinc in the regulation of the actin nucleator Spire by controlling its localization in mammalian oocyte.-Jo, Y.-J., Lee, I.-W., Jung, S.-M., Kwon, J., Kim, N.-H., Namgoong, S. Spire localization via zinc finger-containing domain is crucial for the asymmetric division of mouse oocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jin Jo
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, North Chungcheong, South Korea
| | - In-Won Lee
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, North Chungcheong, South Korea
| | - Seung-Min Jung
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, North Chungcheong, South Korea
| | - JeongWoo Kwon
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, North Chungcheong, South Korea
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, North Chungcheong, South Korea
| | - Suk Namgoong
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, North Chungcheong, South Korea
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Wang H, Jo YJ, Oh JS, Kim NH. Quercetin delays postovulatory aging of mouse oocytes by regulating SIRT expression and MPF activity. Oncotarget 2018; 8:38631-38641. [PMID: 28418847 PMCID: PMC5503559 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
If no fertilization occurs at an appropriate time after ovulation, oocyte quality deteriorates rapidly as a process called postovulatory aging. Because the postovulatory aging of oocytes has detrimental effects on embryo development and offspring, many efforts have been made to prevent oocyte aging. Here we showed that quercetin prevented the decline in oocyte quality during postovulatory aging of oocytes. Quercetin treatment reduced aging-induced morphological changes and reactive oxygen species accumulation. Moreover, quercetin attenuated the aging-associated abnormalities in spindle organization and mitochondrial distribution, preventing decrease of SIRT expression and histone methylation. Quercetin also ameliorated the decrease in maturation-promoting factor activity and the onset of apoptosis during postovulatory aging. Furthermore, quercetin treatment during postovulatory aging improves early embryo development. Our results demonstrate that quercetin relieves deterioration in oocyte quality and improves subsequent embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- HaiYang Wang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Jo
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jeong Su Oh
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
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Liang S, Guo J, Choi JW, Shin KT, Wang HY, Jo YJ, Kim NH, Cui XS. Protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B55α functions in mouse oocyte maturation and early embryonic development. Oncotarget 2018; 8:26979-26991. [PMID: 28439046 PMCID: PMC5432312 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B55α (PP2A-B55α) has been studied in mitosis. However, its functions in mammalian meiosis and early embryonic development remain unknown. Here, we report that PP2A-B55α is critical for mouse oocyte meiosis and preimplantation embryo development. Knockdown of PP2A-B55α in oocytes led to abnormal asymmetric division, disordered spindle dynamics, defects in chromosome congression, an increase in aneuploidy, and induction of the DNA damage response. Moreover, knockdown of PP2A-B55α in fertilized mouse zygotes impaired development to the blastocyst stage. The impairment of embryonic development might have been due to induction of sustained DNA damage in embryos, which caused apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation and outgrowth potential at the blastocyst stage. Overall, these results provide a novel insight into the role of PP2A-B55α as a novel meiotic and embryonic competence factor at the onset of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liang
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Woo Choi
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Shin
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hai-Yang Wang
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Jo
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiang-Shun Cui
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Republic of Korea
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Lee SR, Jo YJ, Namgoong S, Kim NH. Anillin controls cleavage furrow formation in the course of asymmetric division during mouse oocyte maturation. Mol Reprod Dev 2018; 83:792-801. [PMID: 27508507 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Anillin is a scaffold protein that recruits several proteins involved in cleavage furrow formation during cytokinesis. The role of anilllin in symmetric cell divisions in somatic cells has been intensively studied, yet its involvement in cleavage furrow formation is still elusive. In this study, we investigated the role of anillin in mammalian oocyte maturation and cytokinesis. We found that anillin is localized around the nucleus during the oocyte germinal-vesicle stage, and spreads to the cytoplasm after germinal vesicle breakdown. Thereafter, anillin concentrates at the site of the cleavage furrow from anaphase I to metaphase II. Disruption of anillin activity by microinjecting oocytes with specific siRNAs resulted in a failure of polar body extrusion and asymmetric division, and caused abnormal chromosome segregation during anaphase I. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of myosin light chain using Y-27632 or ML-7 resulted in decreased anillin expression. Collectively, our data suggest that anillin is an essential intracellular component that maintains the integrity of asymmetric division in mouse oocytes. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 83: 792-801, 2016 © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Rim Lee
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-ju, South Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Jo
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-ju, South Korea
| | - Suk Namgoong
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-ju, South Korea.
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-ju, South Korea.
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Lee IW, Jo YJ, Jung SM, Wang HY, Kim NH, Namgoong S. Distinct roles of Cep192 and Cep152 in acentriolar MTOCs and spindle formation during mouse oocyte maturation. FASEB J 2018; 32:625-638. [PMID: 28970258 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700559rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian oocytes lack a centriole that acts as a microtubule organization center (MTOC) in most somatic cells. During oocyte maturation, MTOCs undergo remodeling processes, including decondensation, fragmentation, and self-organization. However, the underlying mechanisms of MTOC remodeling in mouse oocytes are not well understood. We showed that two pericentriolar proteins, Cep192 and Cep152, play crucial roles during MTOC remodeling in mouse oocytes. Cep192 is present in MTOCs at all stages of oocyte maturation, and its depletion induces ablation of MTOCs, delay in spindle formation, and abnormal chromosomal alignment in spindles. In the case of Cep152, its localization on MTOCs is limited at the germinal vesicle stage and then disappears from the MTOCs after the germinal vesicle breakdown stage. Cep152 exclusion from MTOCs is involved in the fragmentation of MTOCs, and it is regulated by cyclin-dependent kinase 1 activity. Our results demonstrate the different roles of Cep192 and Cep152 in MTOC remodeling and a novel regulatory mechanism during meiotic spindle formation in mouse oocytes.-Lee, I.-W., Jo, Y.-J., Jung, S.-M., Wang, H.-Y., Kim, N.-H., Namgoong, S. Distinct roles of Cep192 and Cep152 in acentriolar MTOCs and spindle formation during mouse oocyte maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Won Lee
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Jo
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Seung-Min Jung
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Hai-Yang Wang
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Suk Namgoong
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
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Jin ZL, Jo YJ, Namgoong S, Kim NH. CAP1 mediated actin cycling via ADF/cofilin is essential for asymmetric division in mouse oocytes. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.222356. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.222356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton is fundamental to a number of cellular events, and various actin-regulatory proteins modulate actin polymerization and depolymerization. Cyclase-associated proteins (CAPs), highly conserved actin monomer-binding proteins, have been known to promote actin disassembly by enhancing the actin-severing activity of ADF/cofilin. In this study, we found that CAP1 regulated actin remodeling during mouse oocyte maturation. Efficient actin disassembly during oocyte maturation is essential for asymmetric division and cytokinesis. CAP1 knockdown impaired meiotic spindle migration and asymmetric division, and it resulted in an accumulation of excessive actin filaments near the spindles. In contrast, CAP1 overexpression reduced actin mesh levels. CAP1 knockdown also rescued the decrease in cofilin overexpression-mediated actin levels, and simultaneous expression of human CAP1 (hCAP1) and cofilin synergistically decreased cytoplasmic actin levels. Overexpression of hCAP1 decreased the amount of phosphorylated cofilin, indicating that CAP1 facilitated actin depolymerization via interaction with ADF/cofilin during mouse oocyte maturation. Taken together, our results provide evidence of the importance of dynamic actin recycling by CAP1 and cofilin in the asymmetric division of mouse female gametes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Long Jin
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Jo
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea
| | - Suk Namgoong
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea
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Choi JW, Zhao MH, Liang S, Guo J, Lin ZL, Li YH, Jo YJ, Kim NH, Cui XS. Spindlin 1 is essential for metaphase II stage maintenance and chromosomal stability in porcine oocytes. Mol Hum Reprod 2017; 23:166-176. [PMID: 28364522 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gax005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Study question What is the function of Spindlin 1 (Spin1) in metaphase II stage oocytes in pigs? Summary answer Depletion of Spin1 induces spontaneous oocyte activation and overexpression of Spin1 causes multinuclear formation through induction of DNA damage in porcine oocytes. What is known already Little is known about the function of Spin1 in oocytes and embryos. In mouse oocytes, Spin1 is specifically expressed during gametogenesis and is essential for meiotic resumption. In somatic cells, Spin1 promotes cancer cell proliferation and activates WNT/T-cell factor signaling. Study design size, duration After knockdown (KD) or overexpression of Spin1 in porcine MII-stage oocytes, MII maintenance was checked following additional culture for 24 h. Investigated parthenotes were cultured up to the four cell (72 h) or blastocyst (7 days) stages. Participants/materials, setting, methods Spin1 was knocked down in porcine oocytes and embryos via microinjection of pig Spin1-targeting siRNA. For Spin1 overexpression, porcine Spin1-eGFP cRNA was generated. Additionally, for rescue experiments, cRNA encoding siRNA-resistant mouse Spin1 was added to the pig Spin1-targeting siRNA. For the overexpression and rescue experiments, microinjection and culture were performed using the same methods as the KD experiments. Main results and the role of chance KD of Spin1 in MII-stage porcine oocytes reduced metaphase-promoting factor and mitogen-activated protein kinase activities, resulting in spontaneous pronuclear formation without calcium activation. However, the DNA damage response was triggered by Spin1 overexpression, generating the checkpoint protein γH2A.X. Furthermore, Spin1 overexpression blocked metaphase-anaphase transition and led to multinucleation in oocytes and embryos. Large scale data None. Limitations, reasons for caution This study is based on in vitro investigations with abnormal expression levels of Spin1. This may or may not accurately reflect the situation in vivo. Wider implications of the findings Spin1 is essential to maintain MII arrest, but a high level of Spin1 induces DNA damage in oocytes and embryos. Thus, a system to accurately regulate Spin1 expression operates in porcine MII-stage oocytes and embryos. Study funding and competing interest(s) This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (No. 2015R1D1A1A01057629). The authors declare no competing financial interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Woo Choi
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ming-Hui Zhao
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 55536, Republic of Korea
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Zi-Li Lin
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ying-Hua Li
- Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133000, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Jin Jo
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiang-Shun Cui
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
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Wang H, Jo YJ, Sun TY, Namgoong S, Cui XS, Oh JS, Kim NH. Inhibition of CDK7 bypasses spindle assembly checkpoint via premature cyclin B degradation during oocyte meiosis. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research 2016; 1863:2993-3000. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Jang WI, Jo YJ, Kim HC, Jia JL, Namgoong S, Kim NH. Non-muscle tropomyosin (Tpm3) is crucial for asymmetric cell division and maintenance of cortical integrity in mouse oocytes. Cell Cycle 2015; 13:2359-69. [PMID: 25483187 DOI: 10.4161/cc.29333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropomyosins are actin-binding cytoskeletal proteins that play a pivotal role in regulating the function of actin filaments in muscle and non-muscle cells; however, the roles of non-muscle tropomyosins in mouse oocytes are unknown. This study investigated the expression and functions of non-muscle tropomyosin (Tpm3) during meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes. Tpm3 mRNA was detected at all developmental stages in mouse oocytes. Tpm3 protein was localized at the cortex during the germinal vesicle and germinal vesicle breakdown stages. However, the overall fluorescence intensity of Tpm3 immunostaining was markedly decreased in metaphase II oocytes. Knockdown of Tpm3 impaired asymmetric division of oocytes and spindle migration, considerably reduced the amount of cortical actin, and caused membrane blebbing during cytokinesis. Expression of a constitutively active cofilin mutant and Tpm3 overexpression confirmed that Tpm3 protects cortical actin from depolymerization by cofilin. The data indicate that Tpm3 plays crucial roles in maintaining cortical actin integrity and asymmetric cell division during oocyte maturation, and that dynamic regulation of cortical actin by Tpm3 is critical to ensure proper polar body protrusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-In Jang
- a Department of Animal Sciences; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
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Lee SR, Xu YN, Jo YJ, Namgoong S, Kim NH. The Rho-GTPase effector ROCK regulates meiotic maturation of the bovine oocyte via myosin light chain phosphorylation and cofilin phosphorylation. Mol Reprod Dev 2015; 82:849-58. [PMID: 26175189 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Oocyte meiosis involves a unique asymmetric division involving spindle movement from the central cytoplasm to the cortex, followed by polar body extrusion. ROCK is a Rho-GTPase effector involved in various cellular functions in somatic cells as well as oocyte meiosis. ROCK was previously shown to promote actin organization by phosphorylating several downstream targets, including LIM domain kinase (LIMK), phosphorylated cofilin (p-cofilin), and myosin light chain (MLC). In this study, we investigated the roles of ROCK and MLC during bovine oocyte meiosis. We found that ROCK was localized around the nucleus at the oocyte's germinal-vesicle (GV) stage, but spreads to the rest of the cytoplasm in later developmental stages. On the other hand, phosphorylated MLC (p-MLC) localized at the cortex, and its abundance decreased by the metaphase-II stage. Disrupting ROCK activity, via RNAi or the chemical inhibitor Y-27632, blocked both cell cycle progression and polar body extrusion. ROCK inhibition also resulted in decreased cortical actin, p-cofilin, and p-MLC levels. Similar to the phenotype associated with inhibition of ROCK activity, inhibition of MLC kinase by the chemical inhibitor ML-7 caused defects in polar body extrusion. Collectively, our results suggest that the ROCK/MLC/actomyosin as well as ROCK/LIMK/cofilin pathways regulate meiotic spindle migration and cytokinesis during bovine oocyte maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Rim Lee
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-ju, South Korea
| | - Yong-Nan Xu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture, Yanbian university, Yanji, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yu-Jin Jo
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-ju, South Korea
| | - Suk Namgoong
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-ju, South Korea
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-ju, South Korea
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Kim HC, Jo YJ, Kim NH, Namgoong S. Small molecule inhibitor of formin homology 2 domains (SMIFH2) reveals the roles of the formin family of proteins in spindle assembly and asymmetric division in mouse oocytes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123438. [PMID: 25837661 PMCID: PMC4383420 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic actin reorganization is the main driving force for spindle migration and asymmetric cell division in mammalian oocytes. It has been reported that various actin nucleators including Formin-2 are involved in the polarization of the spindle and in asymmetric cell division. In mammals, the formin family is comprised of 15 proteins. However, their individual roles in spindle migration and/or asymmetric division have not been elucidated yet. In this study, we employed a newly developed inhibitor for formin family proteins, small molecule inhibitor of formin homology 2 domains (SMIFH2), to assess the functions of the formin family in mouse oocyte maturation. Treatment with SMIFH2 during in vitro maturation of mouse oocytes inhibited maturation by decreasing cytoplasmic and cortical actin levels. In addition, treatment with SMIFH2, especially at higher concentrations (500 μM), impaired the proper formation of meiotic spindles, indicating that formins play a role in meiotic spindle formation. Knockdown of the mDia2 formins caused a similar decrease in oocyte maturation and abnormal spindle morphology, mimicking the phenotype of SMIFH2-treated cells. Collectively, these results suggested that besides Formin-2, the other proteins of the formin, including mDia family play a role in asymmetric division and meiotic spindle formation in mammalian oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hak-Cheol Kim
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-Ju, ChungBuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Jo
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-Ju, ChungBuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-Ju, ChungBuk, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (SN); (NHK)
| | - Suk Namgoong
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-Ju, ChungBuk, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (SN); (NHK)
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22
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Eom MJ, Kim K, Jo YJ, Yang JJ, Choi ES, Min BI, Park JH, Cheong SW, Kim JS. Dimerization-induced Fermi-surface reconstruction in IrTe2. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:266406. [PMID: 25615364 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.266406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report a de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) oscillation study on IrTe2 single crystals showing complex dimer formations. By comparing the angle dependence of dHvA oscillations with band structure calculations, we show distinct Fermi surface reconstruction induced by a 1/5-type and a 1/8-type dimerizations. This verifies that an intriguing quasi-two-dimensional conducting plane across the layers is induced by dimerization in both cases. A phase transition to the 1/8 phase with higher dimer density reveals that local instabilities associated with intra- and interdimer couplings are the main driving force for complex dimer formations in IrTe2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Jin Eom
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Kyoo Kim
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Y J Jo
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea
| | - J J Yang
- Laboratory for Pohang Emergent Materials, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea and Max Plank POSTECH Center for Complex Phase Materials, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - E S Choi
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
| | - B I Min
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - J-H Park
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea and Max Plank POSTECH Center for Complex Phase Materials, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - S-W Cheong
- Laboratory for Pohang Emergent Materials, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea and Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Jun Sung Kim
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
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23
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Abstract
Actin polymerization is essential for various stages of mammalian oocyte maturation, including spindle migration, actin cap formation, polar body extrusion and cytokinesis. The heterodimeric actin-capping protein is an essential element of the actin cytoskeleton. It binds to the fast-growing (barbed) ends of actin filaments and plays essential roles in various actin-mediated cellular processes. However, the roles of capping protein in mammalian oocyte maturation are poorly understood. We investigated the roles of capping protein in mouse oocytes and found that it is essential for correct asymmetric spindle migration and polar body extrusion. Capping protein mainly localized in the cytoplasm during maturation. By knocking down or ectopically overexpressing this protein, we revealed that it is crucial for efficient spindle migration and maintenance of the cytoplasmic actin mesh density. Expression of the capping-protein-binding region of CARMIL (also known as LRRC16A) impaired spindle migration and polar body extrusion during oocyte maturation and decreased the density of the cytoplasmic actin mesh. Taken together, these findings show that capping protein is an essential component of the actin cytoskeleton machinery that plays crucial roles in oocyte maturation, presumably by controlling the cytoplasmic actin mesh density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jin Jo
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-Ju, ChungChungBuk-do, 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-In Jang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-Ju, ChungChungBuk-do, 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Namgoong
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-Ju, ChungChungBuk-do, 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-Ju, ChungChungBuk-do, 361-763, Republic of Korea
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24
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Jo YJ, Kim YH, Jo YH, Seong JG, Chang SY, Van Tyne CJ, Lee WH. Microporous Ti implant compact coated with hydroxyapatite produced by electro-discharge-sintering and electrostatic-spray-deposition. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2014; 14:8439-8444. [PMID: 25958542 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2014.9933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A single pulse of 1.5 kJ/0.7 g of atomized spherical Ti powder from 300 μF capacitor was applied to produce the porous-surfaced Ti implant compact by electro-discharge-sintering (EDS). A solid core surrounded by porous layer was self-consolidated by a discharge in the middle of the compact in 122 μsec. Average pore size, porosity, and compressive yield strength of EDS Ti compact were estimated to be about 68.2 μm, 25.5%, and 266.4 MPa, respectively. Coatings with hydroxyapatite (HAp) on the Ti compact were conducted by electrostatic-spray-deposition (ESD) method. As-deposited HAp coating was in the form of porous structure and consisted of HAp particles which were uniformly distributed on the Ti porous structure. By heat-treatment at 700 degrees C, HAp particles were agglomerated each other and melted to form a highly smooth and homogeneous HAp thin film consisted of equiaxed nano-scaled grains. Porous-surfaced Ti implant compacts coated with highly crystalline apatite phase were successfully obtained by using the EDS and ESD techniques.
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25
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Jo YJ, Park J, Lee G, Eom MJ, Choi ES, Shim JH, Kang W, Kim JS. Valley-polarized interlayer conduction of anisotropic Dirac fermions in SrMnBi2. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:156602. [PMID: 25375728 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.156602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report the valley-selective interlayer conduction of SrMnBi(2) under in-plane magnetic fields. The c-axis resistivity of SrMnBi(2) shows clear angular magnetoresistance oscillations indicating coherent interlayer conduction. Strong fourfold variation of the coherent peak in the c-axis resistivity reveals that the contribution of each Dirac valley is significantly modulated by the in-plane field orientation. This originates from anisotropic Dirac Fermi surfaces with strong disparity in the momentum-dependent interlayer coupling. Furthermore, we found a signature of broken valley symmetry at high magnetic fields. These findings demonstrate that a quasi-two-dimensional anisotropic Dirac system can host a valley-polarized interlayer current through magnetic valley control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Jo
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-710, Korea
| | - Joonbum Park
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - G Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Man Jin Eom
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - E S Choi
- National High Magnetic field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
| | - Ji Hoon Shim
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - W Kang
- Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Jun Sung Kim
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
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26
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Ok JM, Jo YJ, Kim K, Shishidou T, Choi ES, Noh HJ, Oguchi T, Min BI, Kim JS. Quantum oscillations of the metallic triangular-lattice antiferromagnet PdCrO2. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:176405. [PMID: 24206508 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.176405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report the electronic and transport properties of the triangular antiferromagnet PdCrO(2) at high magnetic fields up to 33 T, using measurements of the de Haas-van Alphen oscillations and the Hall resistivity. The de Haas-van Alphen oscillations below the magnetic ordering temperature T(N) reveal several two-dimensional Fermi surfaces of smaller size than those found in nonmagnetic PdCoO(2), consistent with the band structure calculations. This evidences Fermi surface reconstruction due to the 120° helical ordering of the localized Cr spins, suggesting significant coupling of the itinerant electrons to the underlying spin texture. This induces the nonlinear Hall resistivity at low temperatures via the magnetic breakdown in the reconstructed Fermi surface. Furthermore, such a coupling leads to the unconventional anomalous Hall effects near T(N) due to the field-induced spin chirality at high magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Mok Ok
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
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27
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Oh SK, Song CG, Jang T, Kim KC, Jo YJ, Kwak JS. Reduction of gate leakage current on AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors by electron-beam irradiation. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2013; 13:1738-1740. [PMID: 23755582 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2013.6987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the effect of electron-beam (E-beam) irradiation on the AIGaN/GaN HEMTs for the reduction of gate leakage. After E-beam irradiation, the gate leakage current significantly decreased from 2.68 x 10(-8) A to 4.69 x 10(-9) A at a drain voltage of 10 V. The maximum drain current density of the AIGaN/GaN HEMTs with E-beam irradiation increased 14%, and the threshold voltage exhibited a negative shift, when compared to that of the AIGaN/GaN HEMTs before E-beam irradiation. These results strongly suggest that the reduction of gate leakage current resulted from neutralization nitrogen vacancies and removing of oxygen impurities.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Oh
- Department of Printed Electronics Engineering (WCU), Sunchon National University, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea
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28
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Hong CH, Jo YJ, Kim HA, Park MJ, Kwak JS. Improved electrical and optical properties of ITO/Ag/ITO films by using electron beam irradiation and their application to ultraviolet light-emitting diode as highly transparent p-type electrodes. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2012; 12:4163-4167. [PMID: 22852364 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2012.5934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the effect of insertion of a Ag layer in ITO film as well as electron beam irradiation to the multilayer films on the electrical and optical properties of the ITO-based multilayer deposited by magnetron sputtering method at room temperature. Inserting a very thin Ag layer between ITO layers resulted in a significant decrease in sheet resistance and increased the optical band gap of the ITO/Ag/ITO multilayer to 4.35 eV, followed by a high transparency of approximately 80% at a wavelength of 375 nm. We have also fabricated ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (LED) by using the ITO/Ag/ITO p-type electrode with/without electron beam irradiation. The results show that the UV-LEDs having ITO/Ag/ITO p-electrode with electron beam irradiation produced 19% higher optical output power due to the low absorption of light in the p-type electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Hong
- Department of Printed Electronics Engineering (WCU), Sunchon National University, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea
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29
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Park J, Lee G, Wolff-Fabris F, Koh YY, Eom MJ, Kim YK, Farhan MA, Jo YJ, Kim C, Shim JH, Kim JS. Anisotropic Dirac fermions in a Bi square net of SrMnBi2. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:126402. [PMID: 22026779 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.126402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of highly anisotropic Dirac fermions in a Bi square net of SrMnBi(2), based on a first-principles calculation, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, and quantum oscillations for high-quality single crystals. We found that the Dirac dispersion is generally induced in the (SrBi)(+) layer containing a double-sized Bi square net. In contrast to the commonly observed isotropic Dirac cone, the Dirac cone in SrMnBi(2) is highly anisotropic with a large momentum-dependent disparity of Fermi velocities of ~8. These findings demonstrate that a Bi square net, a common building block of various layered pnictides, provides a new platform that hosts highly anisotropic Dirac fermions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonbum Park
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
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30
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Balicas L, Jo YJ, Shu GJ, Chou FC, Lee PA. Local moment, itinerancy, and deviation from Fermi-liquid behavior in NaxCoO2 for 0.71< or = x < or =0.84. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:126405. [PMID: 18517893 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.126405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Here we report the observation of Fermi surface (FS) pockets via the Shubnikov-de Haas effect in NaxCoO2 for x=0.71 and 0.84, respectively. Our observations indicate that the FS expected for each compound intersects their corresponding Brillouin zones, as defined by the previously reported superlattice structures, leading to small reconstructed FS pockets, but only if a precise number of holes per unit cell is localized. For 0.71< or = x < 0.75 the coexistence of itinerant carriers and localized S=1/2 spins on a paramagnetic triangular superlattice leads at low temperatures to the observation of a deviation from standard Fermi-liquid behavior in the electrical transport and heat capacity properties, suggesting the formation of some kind of quantum spin-liquid ground state.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Balicas
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
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31
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Kang W, Osada T, Jo YJ, Kang H. Interlayer magnetoresistance of quasi-one-dimensional layered organic conductors. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 99:017002. [PMID: 17678182 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.017002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2006] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We studied the interlayer magnetoresistance of the representative quasi-one-dimensional (Q1D) layered organic conductor, (TMTSF)2PF6, over the full range of magnetic field orientations in three dimensions, and constructed a stereographic conductivity plot. Our results show that the previously reported angular-dependent magnetoresistance phenomena in Q1D conductors are closely related to one another in intermediate field orientations. Based on a comparison with theories, we can conclude that the Lebed resonance is the only fundamental effect and that other effects result from the modulation of the Lebed resonance amplitude. Most of the observed phenomena can be explained within the framework of the conventional Fermi liquid; however, the anomalous enhancement of the interlayer conductivity under a field parallel to the conducting planes suggests the existence of a new electron state.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Kang
- Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
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32
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Jo YJ, Balicas L, Capan C, Behnia K, Lejay P, Flouquet J, Mydosh JA, Schlottmann P. Field-induced Fermi surface reconstruction and adiabatic continuity between antiferromagnetism and the hidden-order state in URu2Si2. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 98:166404. [PMID: 17501440 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.166404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2006] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations reveal at high fields an abrupt reconstruction of the Fermi surface within the hidden-order (HO) phase of URu2Si2. Taken together with reported Hall effect results, this implies an increase in the effective carrier density and suggests that the field suppression of the HO state is ultimately related to destabilizing a gap in the spectrum of itinerant quasiparticles. While hydrostatic pressure favors antiferromagnetism in detriment to the HO state, it has a modest effect on the complex H-T phase diagram. Instead of phase separation between HO and antiferromagnetism our observations indicate adiabatic continuity between both orderings with field and pressure changing their relative weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Jo
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
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33
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Balicas L, Analytis JG, Jo YJ, Storr K, Zandbergen H, Xin Y, Hussey NE, Chou FC, Lee PA. Shubnikov-de Haas effect in the metallic state of Na0.3CoO2. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 97:126401. [PMID: 17025986 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.126401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations for two well-defined frequencies, corresponding, respectively, to areas of 0.8 and 1.36% of the first Brillouin zone, were observed in single crystals of Na(0.3)CoO2. The existence of Na superstructures in Na0.3CoO2, coupled with this observation, suggests the possibility that the periods are due to the reconstruction of the large Fermi surface around the Gamma point. An alternative interpretation in terms of the long sought-after epsilon'(g) pockets is also considered but found to be incompatible with existing specific heat data.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Balicas
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
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34
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Choi ES, Brooks JS, Kang H, Jo YJ, Kang W. Resonant nernst effect in the metallic and field-induced spin density wave States of (TMTSF)2ClO4. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 95:187001. [PMID: 16383935 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.187001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We examine an unusual phenomenon where, in tilted magnetic fields near magic angles parallel to crystallographic planes, a "giant" resonant Nernst signal has been observed by Wu et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 056601 (2003)] in the metallic state of an organic conducting Bechgaard salt. We show that this effect appears to be a general feature of these materials and is also present in the field-induced spin density wave phase with even larger amplitude. Our results place conditions on any model that treats the metallic state as a state with finite Cooper pairing.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Choi
- NHMFL/Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
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35
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Abstract
The purpose of this report is to document an unusual case of implant infection in a patient who had undergone enucleation and hydroxyapatite orbital implant surgery. A 32-year-old woman presented with chronic orbital discomfort and discharge following a history of hydroxyapatite orbital implant surgery at another hospital 4 years previous. She exhibited profuse discharge with a yellow, creamy color and marked conjunctival chemosis. Granulation tissue was noted on the central conjunctival surface. Following the removal of the conjunctival granulation tissue, a central 3x5 mm conjunctival dehiscence was present with exposure of the hydroxyapatite implant. A culture of purulent drainage emanating from the exposed implant showed a growth of Clostridium acetobutylicum. Removal of the orbital implant was done. The implant was noted to be filled with pus. This case suggests that anaerobic infection may be suspected when the granulation tissue is observed and a discharge with a foul odor is found.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Taejeon, Korea
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36
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Lee J, Kang SU, Kim SY, Kim SE, Kang MK, Jo YJ, Kim S. Ester and hydroxamate analogues of methionyl and isoleucyl adenylates as inhibitors of methionyl-tRNA and isoleucyl-tRNA synthetases. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:961-4. [PMID: 11327600 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00095-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The structure activity relationship on a series of ester and hydroxamate analogues of methionyl and isoleucyl adenylate has been investigated through introducing linkers between the 1'-position of ribose and adenine surrogates as methionyl-tRNA, and isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitors, respectively. The results indicate that ester analogue 23 was found to be a potent inhibitor of Escherichia coli methionyl-tRNA synthetase, and its interaction with the active site was proposed by a molecular modeling study.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lee
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Kwanak-Ku, South Korea.
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37
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Park SG, Jung KH, Lee JS, Jo YJ, Motegi H, Kim S, Shiba K. Precursor of pro-apoptotic cytokine modulates aminoacylation activity of tRNA synthetase. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:16673-6. [PMID: 10358004 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.24.16673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial monocyte activating polypeptide II (EMAPII) is a cytokine that is specifically induced by apoptosis. Its precursor (pro-EMAPII) has been suggested to be identical to p43, which is associated with the multi-tRNA synthetase complex. Herein, we have demonstrated that the N-terminal domain of pro-EMAPII interacts with the N-terminal extension of human cytoplasmic arginyl-tRNA synthetase (RRS) using genetic and immunoprecipitation analyses. Aminoacylation activity of RRS was enhanced about 2.5-fold by the interaction with pro-EMAPII but not with its N- or C-terminal domains alone. The N-terminal extension of RRS was not required for enzyme activity but did mediate activity stimulation by pro-EMAPII. Pro-EMAPII reduced the apparent Km of RRS to tRNA, whereas the kcat value remained unchanged. Therefore, the precursor of EMAPII is a multi-functional protein that assists aminoacylation in normal cells and releases the functional cytokine upon apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Park
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for ARS Network, Sung Kyun Kwan University, Suwon, Kyunggido, 440-746, Korea
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38
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Abstract
Four stable analogues of methionyl adenylate (3-6) were designed as inhibitors of methionyl-tRNA synthetase and synthesized from 2',3'-isopropylideneadenosine. They strongly inhibited aminoacylation activity of methionyl-tRNA synthetases isolated from Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and human. Among the microorganisms tested, however, these chemicals showed the growth inhibition effect only on E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lee
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Korea
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39
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Abstract
A series of methionine analogues have been synthesized as inhibitors of methionyl-tRNA synthetase and evaluated for their inhibitory activities of E. coli methionyl-tRNA synthetase and bacterial growth. Among them, L-methionine hydroxamate 20 has proved to be the best inhibitor of the enzyme with Ki = 19 microM and showed a growth inhibition against E.coli JM 109, P. vulganis 6059 and C. freundii 8090.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lee
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Korea
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40
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Abstract
A genomic sequence encoding mitochondrial methionyl-tRNA synthetase (MetRS) was determined from a pathogenic fungi Candida albicans. The gene is distinct from that encoding the cytoplasmic MetRS. The encoded protein consists of 577 amino acids (aa) and contains the class I defining sequences in the N-terminal domain and the conserved anticodon-binding amino acid, Trp, in the C-terminal domain. This protein showed the highest similarity with the mitochondrial MetRSs of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Shizosaccharomyces pombe. The mitochondrial MetRSs of these fungi were distinguished from their cytoplasmic forms. The protein lacks the zinc binding motif in the N-terminal domain and the C-terminal dimerization appendix that are present in MetRSs of several other species. Escherichia coli tRNAMet was a substrate for the encoded protein as determined by genetic complementation and in vitro aminoacylation reaction. This cross-species aminoacylation activity suggests the conservation of interaction mode between tRNAMet and MetRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Lee
- Department of Biology, Sung Kyun Kwan University, 300 Chunchundong, Jangangu, Suwon, Kyunggido 440-746, South Korea
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41
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Kim S, Jo YJ, Lee SH, Motegi H, Shiba K, Sassanfar M, Martinis SA. Biochemical and phylogenetic analyses of methionyl-tRNA synthetase isolated from a pathogenic microorganism, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. FEBS Lett 1998; 427:259-62. [PMID: 9607323 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(98)00417-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis methionyl-tRNA synthetase (MetRS) has been cloned and characterized. The protein contains class I signature sequences but lacks the Zn2+ binding motif and the C-terminal dimerization appendix that are found in MetRSs from several organisms including E. coli MetRS. Consistent with these features, the enzyme behaved as a monomer in a gel filtration chromatography and did not contain the bound Zn2+. Nonetheless, it was active to the tRNAMet of E. coli as determined by in vivo genetic complementation and in vitro reaction. Phylogenetic analysis separated the M. tuberculosis and E. coli MetRSs into prokaryote and eukaryote-archaea group, respectively. This result is consistent with the taxonomic locations of the organism but is an interesting contrast to the case of its paralogous protein, isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, and suggests that the two enzymes evolved in separate idiosyncratic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kim
- Sung Kyun Kwan University, Department of Biology, Suwon, Kyunggido, South Korea.
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Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (tRNA synthetases) of higher eukaryotes form a multiprotein complex. Sequence elements that are responsible for the protein assembly were searched by using a yeast two-hybrid system. Human cytoplasmic isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase is a component of the multi-tRNA synthetase complex and it contains a unique C-terminal appendix. This part of the protein was used as bait to identify an interacting protein from a HeLa cDNA library. The selected sequence represented the internal 317 amino acids of human bifunctional (glutamyl- and prolyl-) tRNA synthetase, which is also known to be a component of the complex. Both the C-terminal appendix of the isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase and the internal region of bifunctional tRNA synthetase comprise repeating sequence units, two repeats of about 90 amino acids, and three repeats of 57 amino acids, respectively. Each repeated motif of the two proteins was responsible for the interaction, but the stronger interaction was shown by the native structures containing multiple motifs. Interestingly, the N-terminal extension of human glycyl-tRNA synthetase containing a single motif homologous to those in the bifunctional tRNA synthetase also interacted with the C-terminal motif of the isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase although the enzyme is not a component of the complex. The data indicate that the multiplicity of the binding motif in the tRNA synthetases is necessary for enhancing the interaction strength and may be one of the determining factors for the tRNA synthetases to be involved in the formation of the multi-tRNA synthetase complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Rho
- Department of Biology, Sung Kyun Kwan University, Suwon, Kyunggido, South Korea
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