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Trojan A, Lone YC, Briceno I, Trojan J. Anti-Gene IGF-I Vaccines in Cancer Gene Therapy: A Review of a Case of Glioblastoma. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:1983-2002. [PMID: 38031775 DOI: 10.2174/0109298673237968231106095141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vaccines for the deadliest brain tumor - glioblastoma (GBM) - are generally based on targeting growth factors or their receptors, often using antibodies. The vaccines described in the review were prepared to suppress the principal cancer growth factor - IGF-I, using anti-gene approaches either of antisense (AS) or of triple helix (TH) type. Our objective was to increase the median survival of patients treated with AS and TH cell vaccines. METHODOLOGY The cells were transfected in vitro by both constructed IGF-I AS and IGF-I TH expression episomal vectors; part of these cells was co-cultured with plant phytochemicals, modulating IGF-I expression. Both AS and TH approaches completely suppressed IGF-I expression and induced MHC-1 / B7 immunogenicity related to the IGF-I receptor signal. RESULTS This immunogenicity proved to be stronger in IGF-I TH than in IGF-I AS-prepared cell vaccines, especially in TH / phytochemical cells. The AS and TH vaccines generated an important TCD8+ and TCD8+CD11b- immune response in treated GBM patients and increased the median survival of patients up to 17-18 months, particularly using TH vaccines; in some cases, 2- and 3-year survival was reported. These clinical results were compared with those obtained in therapies targeting other growth factors. CONCLUSION The anti-gene IGF-I vaccines continue to be applied in current GBM personalized medicine. Technical improvements in the preparation of AS and TH vaccines to increase MHC-1 and B7 immunogenicity have, in parallel, allowed to increase in the median survival of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle Trojan
- INSERM UMR 1197, Cancer Center & University of Paris / Saclay, PO Box: 94802 Villejuif, France
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Cartagena, PO Box: 130014 Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
| | - Yu-Chun Lone
- INSERM UMR 1197, Cancer Center & University of Paris / Saclay, PO Box: 94802 Villejuif, France
- CEDEA / ICGT - Center of Oncological Diseases Diagnosis, PO Box: 110231 Bogota, Colombia
| | - Ignacio Briceno
- Faculty of Medicine, University of La Sabana, PO Box: 250008 Chia, Colombia
| | - Jerzy Trojan
- INSERM UMR 1197, Cancer Center & University of Paris / Saclay, PO Box: 94802 Villejuif, France
- CEDEA / ICGT - Center of Oncological Diseases Diagnosis, PO Box: 110231 Bogota, Colombia
- National Academy of Medicine - ANM, PO Box: 75272 Paris, France
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Pan Y, Trojan J, Guo Y, Anthony DD. Rescue of MHC-1 antigen processing machinery by down-regulation in expression of IGF-1 in human glioblastoma cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58428. [PMID: 23526983 PMCID: PMC3603982 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Escape from immune recognition has been hypothesized to be a factor in carcinogenesis. It may be mediated for many cancers through down-regulation in the MHC class 1 antigen processing and presentation pathway. TAP-1, TAP-2, tightly linked to LMP-2 and LMP-7 are multiple components of the endogenous, antigen presentation pathway machinery. We addressed the question of alterations in this pathway in human Glioblastoma (HGB) and of its relationship to modulation in expression of IGF-1 that is highly expressed in this cancer. Deficiencies in expression of TAP-1 were demonstrated by RT-PCR and/or by immuno-flow cytometry in the HGB cell line T98G obtained from ATCC, and in 3 of 4 human cell lines established from patients with Glioblastoma Multiforme. Deficiencies in expression of TAP-2 were observed in 3 of 4, deficiencies in expression of LMP-2 in 4 of 4 and deficiencies in LMP-7 in 3 of 4 HGB cell lines examined by RT-PCR and Western blot. Following down-regulation of IGF-1 by transfection with the pAnti IGF-1 vector that expresses IGF-1 RNA in antisense orientation, or by the exogenous addition of IGF-1 receptor monoclonal antibody to cell culture media, the deficiencies in components of the MHC-1 antigen presentation pathway were up-regulated and/or rescued in all HGB cell lines tested. Moreover, this up-regulation in expression was aborted by addition of 100 ng/ml of IGF-1 to the culture media. Unlike in the case of IFN-γ, the restoration of TAP-1 and LMP-2 by down-regulation of IGF-1 in Glioblastoma cells was not correlated to the tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT 1. In summary, the simultaneous reversion in expression of the multiple constituents of MHC-1 antigen processing path and up-regulation in expression of MHC-1 occurring with down-regulation in IGF-1 may have a role in reinforcement of immunity against tumor antigen(s) in some animal cancers and in humans with Glioblastoma Multiforme.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 2
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 3
- ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/genetics
- ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/metabolism
- Antigen Presentation/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/metabolism
- B7-1 Antigen/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cysteine Endopeptidases/genetics
- Cysteine Endopeptidases/metabolism
- Down-Regulation
- Glioblastoma/genetics
- Glioblastoma/immunology
- Glioblastoma/metabolism
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/metabolism
- Humans
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/antagonists & inhibitors
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/genetics
- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/genetics
- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexin Pan
- Division of General Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jerzy Trojan
- INSERM U542 and U602, Paul-Brousse Hospital, Paris XI University, Villejuif, France
| | - Yajun Guo
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Donald D. Anthony
- Division of General Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
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Methodology for Anti-Gene Anti-IGF-I Therapy of Malignant Tumours. CHEMOTHERAPY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2012; 2012:721873. [PMID: 22400112 PMCID: PMC3287029 DOI: 10.1155/2012/721873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2011] [Revised: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish the criteria for methodology of cellular “anti-IGF-I” therapy of malignant tumours and particularly for glioblastoma multiforme. The treatment of primary glioblastoma patients using surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy was followed by subcutaneous injection of autologous cancer cells transfected by IGF-I antisense/triple helix expression vectors. The prepared cell “vaccines” should it be in the case of glioblastomas or other tumours, have shown a change of phenotype, the absence of IGF-I protein, and expression of MHC-I and B7. The peripheral blood lymphocytes, PBL cells, removed after each of two successive vaccinations, have demonstrated for all the types of tumour tested an increasing level of CD8+ and CD8+28+ molecules and a switch from CD8+11b+ to CD8+11. All cancer patients were supervised for up to 19 months, the period corresponding to minimum survival of glioblastoma patients. The obtained results have permitted to specify the common criteria for “anti-IGF-I” strategy: characteristics sine qua non of injected “vaccines” (cloned cells IGF-I(−) and MHC-I(+)) and of PBL cells (CD8+ increased level).
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Trojan J, Ly A, Wei MX, Bierwagen M, Kopinski P, Pan Y, Ardourel MY, Dufour T, Shevelev A, Trojan LA, François JC, Andres C, Popiela T, Chatel M, Kasprzak H, Anthony DD, Duc HT. Antisense anti IGF-I cellular therapy of malignant tumours: immune response in cancer patients. Biomed Pharmacother 2010; 64:576-8. [PMID: 20630696 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2010.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2010] [Accepted: 01/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of cancer by antisense anti-IGF-I cellular therapy inducing immune response has evoked interest among many promising strategies. Here, we reported some results obtained from patients with cancer, mainly glioblastoma treated by this strategy, which was also extended to patients with colon carcinoma, ovary cystadenocarcinoma and prostate adenocarcinoma. It was shown that, in the phase I of clinical trial, patients vaccinated with their own tumour cells treated by antisense IGF-I presented a slight increase of temperature. Their peripheral blood lymphocytes showed a shift in the percentage of CD8 effector cells as judged by expression of cell surface markers CD8+ CD28+. Particularly, in two treated patients with glioblastoma, the survival time was 19 and 24 months respectively in comparison to the range of 12 to 15 months observed in the case of classical treatment such as surgery, radiation or chemotherapy. These results, although preliminary, gave indication that the reported strategy could deserve consideration owing to its safety. Furthermore, the increase in the percentage of peripheral blood monomorphonucleated cells (PBMNCs) with effector phenotype, i.e., CD8+ CD28+ in vaccinated patients might explain their prolonged survival time.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Trojan
- Inserm U602, Paul-Brousse Hospital, Paris XI University, Villejuif, France
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Insulin-like growth factor type I biology and targeting in malignant gliomas. Neuroscience 2007; 145:795-811. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2006] [Revised: 01/04/2007] [Accepted: 01/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Benharouga M, Sharma M, So J, Haardt M, Drzymala L, Popov M, Schwapach B, Grinstein S, Du K, Lukacs GL. The role of the C terminus and Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor in the functional expression of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator in nonpolarized cells and epithelia. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:22079-89. [PMID: 12651858 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m301030200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The conserved C-terminal peptide motif (1476DTRL) of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) ensures high affinity binding to different PSD-95/Disc-large/zonula occludens-1 (PDZ) domain-containing molecules, including the Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor (NHERF)/ezrin-radixin-moesin-binding phosphoprotein of 50 kDa. The physiological relevance of NHERF binding to CFTR is not fully understood. Individuals with mutations resulting in premature termination of CFTR (S1455X or Delta26 CFTR) have moderately elevated sweat Cl- concentration, without an obvious lung and pancreatic phenotype, implying that the CFTR function is largely preserved. Surprisingly, when expressed heterologously, the Delta26 mutation was reported to abrogate channel activity by destabilizing the protein at the apical domain and inducing its accumulation at the basolateral membrane (Moyer, B., Denton, J., Karlson, K., Reynolds, D., Wang, S., Mickle, J., Milewski, M., Cutting, G., Guggino, W., Li, M., and Stanton, B. (1999) J. Clin. Invest. 104, 1353-1361). The goals of this study were to resolve the contrasting clinical and cellular phenotype of the Delta26 CFTR mutation and evaluate the role of NHERF in the functional expression of CFTR at the plasma membrane. Complex formation between CFTR and NHERF was disrupted by C-terminal deletions, C-terminal epitope tag attachments, or overexpression of a dominant negative NHERF mutant. These perturbations did not alter CFTR expression, metabolic stability, or function in nonpolarized cells. Likewise, inhibition of NHERF binding had no discernible effect on the apical localization of CFTR in polarized tracheal, pancreatic, intestinal, and kidney epithelia and did not influence the metabolic stability or the cAMP-dependent protein kinase-activated chloride channel conductance in polarized pancreatic epithelia. On the other hand, electrophysiological studies demonstrated that NHERF is able to stimulate the cAMP-dependent protein kinase-phosphorylated CFTR channel activity in intact cells. These results help to reconcile the discordant genotype-phenotype relationship in individuals with C-terminal truncations and indicate that apical localization of CFTR involves sorting signals other than the C-terminal 26 amino acid residues and the PDZ-binding motif in differentiated epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Benharouga
- Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
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Hao W, Yanjun L, Lixin W, Yajun G. Antisense IGF and Antisense IGF-IR Therapy of Malignancy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2002. [DOI: 10.1007/0-306-46817-4_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Current treatment of solid tumors is limited by severe adverse effects, resulting in a narrow therapeutic index. Therefore, cancer gene therapy has emerged as a targeted approach that would significantly reduce undesired side effects in normal tissues. This approach requires a clear understanding of the molecular biology of both the malignant clone and the biological vectors that serve as vehicles to target cancer cells. In this review we discuss novel approaches for conditional gene expression in cancer cells. Targeting transgene expression to malignant tissues requires the use of specific regulatory elements including promoters based on tumor biology, tissue-specific promoters and inducible regulatory elements. We also discuss the regulation of both replication and transgene expression by conditionally-replicative viruses. These approaches have the potential to restrict the expression of transgenes exclusively to tissues of interest and thereby to increase the therapeutic index of future vectors for cancer gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Haviv
- Division of Human Gene Therapy, Departments of Medicine, Surgery and Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1824 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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Wen B, Deutsch E, Marangoni E, Frascona V, Maggiorella L, Abdulkarim B, Chavaudra N, Bourhis J. Tyrphostin AG 1024 modulates radiosensitivity in human breast cancer cells. Br J Cancer 2001; 85:2017-21. [PMID: 11747348 PMCID: PMC2364012 DOI: 10.1054/bjoc.2001.2171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) plays an important growth-promoting effect by activating the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway, inhibiting apoptotic pathways and mediating mitogenic actions. Tyrphostin AG 1024, one selective inhibitor of IGF-1R, was used to evaluate effects on proliferation, radiosensitivity, and radiation-induced cell apoptosis in a human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Exposure to Tyrphostin AG 1024 inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in a time-dependent manner, and the degree of growth inhibition for IC20 plus irradiation (4 Gy) was up to 50% compared to the control. Examination of Tyrphostin AG 1024 effects on radiation response demonstrated a marked enhancement in radiosensitivity and amplification of radiation-induced apoptosis. Western blot analysis indicated that Tyrphostin AG 1024-induced apoptosis was associated with a downregulation of expression of phospho-Akt1, increased expression of Bax, p53 and p21, and a decreased expression of bcl-2 expression, especially when combined with irradiation. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing that an IGF-1 inhibitor was able to markedly increase the response of tumour cells to ionizing radiation. These results suggest that Tyrphostin AG 1024 could be used as a potential therapeutic agent in combination with irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Wen
- Laboratoire UPRES EA No 27-10 Radiosensibilité-Radiocarcinogénèse Humaine and Unité METSI, Institut Gustave-Roussy, 94805 Villejuif Cédex, France
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11
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Ly A, Duc HT, Kalamarides M, Trojan LA, Pan Y, Shevelev A, François JC, Noël T, Kane A, Henin D, Anthony DD, Trojan J. Human glioma cells transformed by IGF-I triple helix technology show immune and apoptotic characteristics determining cell selection for gene therapy of glioblastoma. Mol Pathol 2001; 54:230-9. [PMID: 11477137 PMCID: PMC1187073 DOI: 10.1136/mp.54.4.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Insulin-like growth factor type I (IGF-I) antisense cellular gene therapy of tumours is based on the following data: rat glioma or hepatoma cells transfected with the vector encoding IGF-I antisense cDNA lose their tumorigenicity and induce a tumour specific immune response involving CD8(+) T cells. Recently, using the IGF-I triple helix approach in studies of tumorigenicity, major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) antigens were demonstrated in rat glioma transfected cells. This study used comparative IGF-I antisense and triple helix technologies in human primary glioma cells to determine the triple helix strategy that would be most appropriate for the treatment of glioblastoma. METHODS The cells were transfected using the IGF-I triple helix expression vector, pMT-AG, derived from the pMT-EP vector. pMT-AG contains a cassette comprising a 23 bp DNA fragment transcribing a third RNA strand, which forms a triple helix structure within a target region of the human IGF-I gene. Using pMT-EP, vectors encoding MHC-I or B7 antisense cDNA were also constructed. RESULTS IGF-I triple helix transfected glioma cells are characterised by immune and apoptotic phenomena that appear to be related. The expression of MHC-I and B7 in transfected cells (analysed by flow cytometry) was accompanied by programmed cell death (detected by dUTP fluorescein terminal transferase labelling of nicked DNA and electron microscopic techniques). Cotransfection of these cells with MHC-I and B7 antisense vectors suppressed the expression of MHC-I and B7, and was associated with a pronounced decrease in apoptosis. CONCLUSION When designing an IGF-I triple helix strategy for the treatment of human glioblastoma, the transfected tumour cells should have the following characteristics: the absence of IGF-I, the presence of both MHC-I and B7 molecules, and signs of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ly
- Laboratory of Developmental Neurology, INSERM and University Paris VII, Hôpital Robert Debré, 75019 Paris, France
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Fan ZR, Yang DH, Cui J, Qin HR, Huang CC. Expression of insulin like growth factor II and its receptor in hepatocellular carcinogenesis. World J Gastroenterol 2001; 7:285-8. [PMID: 11819776 PMCID: PMC4723538 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v7.i2.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Z R Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhujiang Hospital, The First Military Medical University, Guangzhou 510282 Guangdong Province, China
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13
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Samani AA, Brodt P. The Receptor for the Type I Insulin-like Growth Factor and its Ligands Regulate Multiple Cellular Functions That Impact on Metastasis. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1055-3207(18)30066-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Upegui-Gonzalez LC, François JC, Ly A, Trojan J. The approach of triple helix formation in control of gene expression and the treatment of tumors expressing IGF-I. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2000; 465:319-32. [PMID: 10810636 DOI: 10.1007/0-306-46817-4_27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Ly A, Bouchaud C, Henin D, Sanson M, Delattre JY, Pan Y, Anthony D, Duc HT, Evrard P, Trojan J. Expression of insulin-like growth factor-I in rat glioma cells is associated with change in both immunogenicity and apoptosis. Neurosci Lett 2000; 281:13-6. [PMID: 10686404 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(00)00758-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), has a role in cellular differentiation and is also expressed in neoplastic transformation of glioma cells. We recently demonstrated inhibition in expression of cellular IGF-I after transfection with vectors that incodes a segment of the human IGF-I RNA in antisense orientation. The transfected cells expressed increased levels of both MHC-I and B7 molecules. In this paper we show that IGF-I antisense transfected cells also become apoptotic. Moreover, the phenomenon of programmed cell death is related to the phenomenon that results in increased expression of MHC-I and B7 molecules. Co-transfection of rat glioma cells with the vector expressing IGF-I antisense RNA and with vectors encoding the expression of MHC-I and B7 antisense cDNA suppressed the expression of both of these molecules and was associated with a decrease in apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ly
- Laboratory of Developmental Neurology, INSERM & University Paris VII, Hôpital Robert Debré, 48 Boulevard Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France
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Upegui-Gonzalez LC, Duc HT, Buisson Y, Arborio M, Lafarge-Frayssinet C, Jasmin C, Guo Y, Trojan J. Use of the IGF-I antisense strategy in the treatment of the hepatocarcinoma. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1999; 451:35-42. [PMID: 10026847 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-5357-1_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Viral, Tumor/genetics
- Antithrombin III/genetics
- Antithrombin III/physiology
- Apoptosis
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy
- DNA, Antisense
- Genetic Therapy
- Humans
- In Situ Nick-End Labeling
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/therapy
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/therapy
- Major Histocompatibility Complex
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Simian virus 40/genetics
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Ellouk-Achard S, Djenabi S, De Oliveira GA, Desauty G, Duc HT, Zohair M, Trojan J, Claude JR, Sarasin A, Lafarge-Frayssinet C. Induction of apoptosis in rat hepatocarcinoma cells by expression of IGF-I antisense c-DNA. J Hepatol 1998; 29:807-18. [PMID: 9833920 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-8278(98)80263-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS We have developed a gene therapy strategy based on the observation that insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is necessary for the acquisition and maintenance of the transformed phenotype in hepatocarcinoma. This strategy consists in transfecting the rat hepatoma cell line with an episomal vector expressing the antisense IGF-I c-DNA under the control of the metallothionein I promoter inducible by zinc, decreasing therefore the level of IGF-I in these cells. The transfected clones lost their tumorigenic properties, and were able to induce, in vivo, the regression of an established tumor in syngeneic rats. To understand the loss of tumorigenic properties of these transfected clones, we have quantified, by different approaches, the number of apoptotic cells according to the level of IGF-I expression. METHODS IGF-I antisense synthesis in transfected cells was stimulated using zinc. We then characterized and quantified apoptosis, in these transfected clones, by morphological and DNA fragmentation analyses, flow cytometry and comet assay. RESULTS We have demonstrated that IGF-I inhibits the development of apoptosis in parental cells, that the transfected clones are able to restore the spontaneous apoptotic programme, and that apoptosis increases massively when overexpression of IGF-I antisense is caused by zinc stimulation of the metallothionein I promoter. CONCLUSION The present results allow us to conclude that the level of apoptotic pathway in liver cell lines is directly related to the amount of IGF-I deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ellouk-Achard
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR 42, Villejuif, France
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Zhang L, Li SN, Wang XN. CEA and AFP expression in human hepatoma cells transfected with antisense IGF-I gene. World J Gastroenterol 1998; 4:30-32. [PMID: 11819225 PMCID: PMC4767758 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v4.i1.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To determine whether antisense insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) gene can modulate CEA and AFP expression in human hepatoma cells (HepG2).
METHODS: Transfection of HepG2 cells was accomplished using Lipofectin reagent. Northern blot analysis confirmed the antisense IGF-I RNA of the transfected cells. CEA and AFP levels were measured using radioimmunoassay.
RESULTS: Human hepatoma cell lines (HepG2) were transfected with antisense IGF-I gene. Northern blot analysis confirmed that antisense IGF-I RNA was expressed in the transfected cells. The effect of antisense IGF-I gene on CEA and AFP expression was demonstrated by the fact that the CEA and AFP levels in the supernatant of transfected cell culture were significantly lower as compared with the parent cells, [CEA 7.0 μg/L ± 0.76 μg/L and 3.29 μg/L ± 1.80 μg/L (P < 0.05) and AFP 53.63 μg/L ± 6.02 μg/L and 9.0 μg/L ± 5.26 μg/L (P < 0.01), respectively].
CONCLUSION: The malignant potentiality of the transfected cells was partially suppressed.Antisense IGF-I gene can modulate the expression of CEA and AFP in human hepatoma cell lines (HepG2)
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Burfeind P, Chernicky CL, Rininsland F, Ilan J, Ilan J. Antisense RNA to the type I insulin-like growth factor receptor suppresses tumor growth and prevents invasion by rat prostate cancer cells in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1996; 93:7263-8. [PMID: 8692980 PMCID: PMC38971 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.93.14.7263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate carcinoma is the second leading cause of death from malignancy in men in the United States. Prostate cancer cells express type I insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) and prostate cancer selectively metastazises to bone, which is an environment rich in insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), thereby supporting a paracrine action for cancer cell proliferation. We asked whether the IGF-IR is coupled to tumorigenicity and invasion of prostate cancer. When rat prostate adenocarcinoma cells (PA-III) were stably transfected with an antisense IGF-IR expression construct containing the ZnSO4-inducible metallothionein-1 transcriptional promoter, the transfectants expressed high levels of IGF-IR antisense RNA after induction with ZnSO4, which resulted in dramatically reduced levels of endogenous IGF-IR mRNA. A significant reduction in expression both of tissue-type plasminogen activator and of urokinase-type plasminogen activator occurred in PA-III cells accompanying inhibition of IGF-IR. Subcutaneous injection of either nontransfected PA-III or PA-III cells transfected with vector minus the IGF-IR insert into nude mice resulted in large tumors after 4 weeks. However, mice injected with IGF-IR antisense-transfected PA-III cells either developed tumors 90% smaller than controls or remained tumor-free after 60 days of observation. When control-transfected PA-III cells were inoculated over the abraded calvaria of nude mice, large tumors formed with invasion of tumor cells into the brain parenchyma. In contrast, IGF-IR antisense transfectants formed significantly smaller tumors with no infiltration into brain. These results indicate an important role for the IGF/IGF-IR pathway in metastasis and provide a basis for targeting IGF-IR as a potential treatment for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Burfeind
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Tykocinski ML, Kaplan DR, Medof ME. Antigen-presenting cell engineering. The molecular toolbox. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 1996; 148:1-16. [PMID: 8546197 PMCID: PMC1861622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M L Tykocinski
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
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