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Suarez-Trujillo F, Juarez I, Palacio-Gruber J, Manuel Martín-Villa J, Amirzargar A, Arnaiz-Villena A. HLA genetic study in Iran Saqqez-Baneh Kurds: no genetic trace of Aryan invasions in Anatolian Turks and Kurds is found. Hum Immunol 2022; 83:737-738. [PMID: 35931633 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2022.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Kurds are living at Middle East region comprising several countries (38 million people) and also have emigrated to Asia, Europe and America. Kurds from Iran have been HLA typed in the present work from Saqqez and Baneh towns, Kordestan province, Iran. Origin of Kurds is considered autochthonous from Anatolia and surrounding mountains :they have been referred as "the mountain people" by classic Persian, Greek and Roman authors. Present day Turks are also autochthonous from Anatolia, but they were not recognized by classical authors as living in the mountains and they speak a language of Asian origin that was imposed to Anatolia by a "elite" invasion without a noticeable high Asian gene input. Most frequent class I and class II HLA alleles found in Iranian Kurds population are: HLA-A*24:02, A*02:01 and HLA-B*35:01, and HLA-DRB1*11:01, DRB1*03:02 and HLA-DQB1*03:01; also, most frequent HLA extended haplotypes from this Iran Kurdish sample are not shared with Iranians but with Mediterranean, Turkish and Caucasus people. This is confirmed by Neighbour-Joining and correspondence analysis studied together with the corresponding populations. Finally, our studies show that both Kurds and Turks are genetically original from Anatolian Peninsula and surrounding countries and that an apparent Asian genetic or Aryan invasion does not exist in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Suarez-Trujillo
- Departament of Immunology, University Complutense, School of Medicine, Madrid Regional Blood Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Juarez
- Departament of Immunology, University Complutense, School of Medicine, Madrid Regional Blood Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Palacio-Gruber
- Departament of Immunology, University Complutense, School of Medicine, Madrid Regional Blood Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Manuel Martín-Villa
- Departament of Immunology, University Complutense, School of Medicine, Madrid Regional Blood Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ali Amirzargar
- Molecular Immunology Research Center, Medical School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Antonio Arnaiz-Villena
- Departament of Immunology, University Complutense, School of Medicine, Madrid Regional Blood Center, Madrid, Spain.
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2
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Martinez-Laso J, Montoya F, Areces C, Moscoso J, Silvera C, Rey D, Parga-Lozano C, Gomez-Prieto P, Enriquez de Salamanca M, Arnaiz-Villena A. HLA in Jaidukama: an Amerindian secluded Colombian population with new haplotypes and Asian and Pacific-shared alleles. Mol Biol Rep 2010; 38:3689-701. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-010-0483-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2010] [Accepted: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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3
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Chung C, Leib SR, Fraser DG, Ellis SA, McGuire TC. Novel classical MHC class I alleles identified in horses by sequencing clones of reverse transcription-PCR products. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 30:387-96. [PMID: 14675391 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2370.2003.00420.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Improved typing of horse classical MHC class I is required to more accurately define these molecules and to extend the number identified further than current serological assays. Defining classical MHC class I alleleic polymorphism is important in evaluating cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in horses. In this study, horse classical MHC class I genes were analyzed based on reverse transcription (RT)-PCR amplification of sequences encoding the polymorphic peptide binding region and the more conserved alpha 3, transmembrane and cytoplasmic regions followed by cloning and sequencing. Primer sets included a horse classical MHC class I-specific reverse primer and a forward primer conserved in all known horse MHC class I genes. Sequencing at least 25 clones containing MHC class I sequences from each of 13 horses identified 25 novel sequences and three others which had been described. Of these, nine alleles were identified from different horses or different RT-PCR and 19 putative alleles were identified in multiple clones from the same RT-PCR. The primer pairs did not amplify putative non-classical MHC class I genes as only classical MHC class I and related pseudogenes were found in 462 clones. This method also identified classical MHC class I alleles shared between horses by descent, and defined differences in alleles between horses varying in equine leukocyte antigen (ELA)-A haplotype as determined by serology. However, horses sharing ELA-A haplotypes defined by serotyping did not always share cDNA sequences, suggesting subhaplotypic variations within serologically defined ELA-A haplotypes. The 13 horses in this study had two to five classical MHC class I sequences, indicating that multiple loci code for these genes. Sequencing clones from RT-PCR with classical MHC class I-specific primers should be useful for selection of haplotype matched and mismatched horses for CTL studies, and provides sequence information needed to develop easier and more discriminating typing procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Chung
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99165-7040, USA.
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4
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Etokebe GE, Opsahl M, Tveter AK, Lie BA, Thorsby E, Vartdal F, Spurkland A. Physical separation of HLA-A alleles by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography. TISSUE ANTIGENS 2003; 61:443-50. [PMID: 12823768 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0039.2003.00058.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Genomic typing of polymorphic loci may be hampered by ambiguous typing results. Moreover, robust methods for simultaneous sequencing of two alleles present in a given sample may be difficult to establish. We used denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) for physical separation of HLA-A alleles before sequence-based genomic typing (SBT). Physical separation was achieved by resolution of heteroduplexes between the sample alleles and a modified reference probe by DHPLC followed by selective reamplification of the sample alleles present in heteroduplexes. Complementary strands of the reference probe and sample alleles for heteroduplex induction were obtained by lambda-exonuclease digestion. HLA-A genotyping of 101 individuals using DHPLC-SBT yielded better typing resolution compared with serological typing and genotyping by the sequence-specific primer-polymerase chain reaction (SSP-PCR) method. Physical separation of alleles using a modified reference probe allows for development of fully automated methods for genomic typing of highly polymorphic loci such as HLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E Etokebe
- Institute of Immunology, National University Hospital, 0027 Oslo, Norway
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5
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Sanchez-Velasco P, Gomez-Casado E, Martinez-Laso J, Moscoso J, Zamora J, Lowy E, Silvera C, Cemborain A, Leyva-Cobián F, Arnaiz-Villena A. HLA alleles in isolated populations from North Spain: origin of the Basques and the ancient Iberians. TISSUE ANTIGENS 2003; 61:384-92. [PMID: 12753657 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0039.2003.00041.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
HLA-A, -B, -DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles have been studied in three relatively isolated populations of northern Spain from Cantabria ( Pas Valleys inhabitants or Pasiegos and Cabuernigos) and from the Basque Country (Arratia Valley inhabitants). These populations have been compared with neighbouring ones and other Mediterraneans by using neighbour-joining dendrograms and plane genetic distances.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sanchez-Velasco
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Hosp. 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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6
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Tréjaut J, Kennedy A, Hobart D, Le T, Greville WD, Ng G, Taverniti A, Dunckley H. PCR-RFLP typing detects new HLA-DRB1 alleles: DRB1*13022, DRB1*1336 and DRB1*1435. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOGENETICS : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE BRITISH SOCIETY FOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY AND IMMUNOGENETICS 2001; 28:441-7. [PMID: 11532019 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2370.2001.00243.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
It is difficult to resolve all heterozygous combinations of the HLA-DRB1*03, *08, *11, *12, *13 and *14 allele group in a one-step generic HLA-DRB1 typing system. Therefore, it is common to employ a secondary technique utilizing group-specific primers to amplify this group of alleles separately from the other HLA-DRB1, -DRB3, -DRB4 and -DRB5 alleles. This paper describes a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method for broad typing of the HLA-DRB1*03, *08, *11, *12, *13 and *14 alleles which, as well as being time-efficient and cost-effective, has so far allowed the detection of 10 new alleles. The new alleles were identified after following up unusual or novel PCR-RFLP patterns. Of the 10 novel alleles found so far with this method, seven have been described previously while three, DRB1*13022, DRB1*1336 and DRB1*1435, are presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tréjaut
- Tissue Typing Department, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, NSW Division, Sydney
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7
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Yashiki S, Fujiyoshi T, Arima N, Osame M, Yoshinaga M, Nagata Y, Tara M, Nomura K, Utsunomiya A, Hanada S, Tajima K, Sonoda S. HLA-A*26, HLA-B*4002, HLA-B*4006, and HLA-B*4801 alleles predispose to adult T cell leukemia: the limited recognition of HTLV type 1 tax peptide anchor motifs and epitopes to generate anti-HTLV type 1 tax CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2001; 17:1047-61. [PMID: 11485622 DOI: 10.1089/088922201300343735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic risk for adult T cell leukemia (ATL) has been implicated by ethnic and familial segregation of ATL patients from HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). To clarify the genetic risk for ATL, we characterized HLA class I alleles of ATL patients and analyzed the anchor motifs of HTLV-1 peptides binding to HLA class I molecules, using 291 lines of anti-HTLV-1 CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) generated in vitro with a total of 165 synthetic peptides for HTLV-1 Tax and Env proteins. Allele frequencies of HLA-A*26, B*4002, B*4006, and B*4801 were significantly higher in ATL patients than in HAM/TSP patients and asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers in southern Japan. CD8(+) CTL analysis revealed the HTLV-1 Tax peptide sequence to completely lack anchor motifs of peptides binding to HLA-A*26,B*4002, and B*4006 molecules but to possess one anchor for HLA-B*4801, while the HTLV-1 Env peptide sequence had many anchor motifs for HLA-A*26, B*4002, B*4006, and B*4801 molecules. Most ATL patients featured heterozygous HLA class I alleles composed of HLA-A*26, B*4002, B*4006, and B*4801, with a lower number of HTLV-1 Tax peptide anchor motifs and epitopes generating anti-HTLV-1 Tax CD8(+) CTLs than individuals possessing other HLA alleles. The relationship between Tax epitope and ATL incidence was verified by the significantly decreased number of HTLV-1 Tax epitopes in ATL patients compared with asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers (p < 0.01) as well as late onset ATL patients (p < 0.001). These results indicate that HLA-A*26, B*4002, B*4006, and B*4801 alleles predispose to ATL because of the limited recognition of HTLV-1 Tax peptide anchor motifs and epitopes capable of generating anti-HTLV-1 Tax CD8(+) CTLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yashiki
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
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8
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Paul P, Thomas D, Kawczak P, Good D, Cook DJ, Ball EJ. Resolution of cis-trans ambiguities between HLA-DRB1 alleles using single-strand conformation polymorphisms and sequencing. TISSUE ANTIGENS 2001; 57:300-7. [PMID: 11380938 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0039.2001.057004300.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
DNA-based typing of HLA alleles occasionally results in the inability to assign a specific allele because of ambiguity in associating two or more polymorphisms to the same or to alternate homologs (cis/trans ambiguity). Since most individuals are heterozygous at a given HLA locus, the highest level of confidence in definition is obtained when the alleles are tested in isolation. By using single-strand conformation polymorphisms (SSCP) to separate heterozygous HLA-DRB1 alleles, followed by sequencing of separated conformers, we have achieved resolution of previously ambiguous assignments without the need for additional probes or primers.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Paul
- Allogen Laboratories, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
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9
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Abstract
Several tools, differing in their technical and practical parameters, are available for the detection of point mutations as well as small deletions and insertions. In this article, a dictionary featuring over fifty methods for detection of mutation is presented. The distinguishing principle for each method is briefly explained. Sorting of and discussion on the methods give the reader a brief introduction to the field of genotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Drábek
- Department of Immunology, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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10
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Gómez-Casado E, del Moral P, Martínez-Laso J, García-Gómez A, Allende L, Silvera-Redondo C, Longas J, González-Hevilla M, Kandil M, Zamora J, Arnaiz-Villena A. HLA genes in Arabic-speaking Moroccans: close relatedness to Berbers and Iberians. TISSUE ANTIGENS 2000; 55:239-49. [PMID: 10777099 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0039.2000.550307.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The gene profile of Arabic-speaking Moroccans has been compared with those of other Mediterranean populations in order to provide additional information about the history of their origins. Our HLA data suggest that most Moroccans are of a Berber (Imazighen) origin and that Arabs who invaded North Africa and Spain in the 7th century A.D. did not substantially contributed to the gene pool; however, they imposed their advanced culture and their religion. Present-day Egyptians are also related to Moroccan Berbers and this supports an ancient Saharan origin for part of the present-day Mediterraneans, particularly for the Arabic-speaking ones (also Algerians) and also for the older substratum of Mediterranean people.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Gómez-Casado
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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11
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Hurley CK, Wade JA, Oudshoorn M, Middleton D, Kukuruga D, Navarrete C, Christiansen F, Hegland J, Ren EC, Andersen I, Cleaver SA, Brautbar C, Raffoux C. A special report: histocompatibility testing guidelines for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using volunteer donors. Quality Assurance and Donor Registries Working Groups of the World Marrow Donor Association. Hum Immunol 1999; 60:347-60. [PMID: 10363727 DOI: 10.1016/s0198-8859(98)00129-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The World Marrow Donor Association has formulated guidelines for establishing the extent and quality of histocompatibility testing for unrelated donor registries, umbilical cord blood banks, and transplant centers involved in international exchange of hematopoietic stem cells for allogeneic transplantation. Registry and cord blood bank guidelines suggest that, at a minimum, initial HLA typing should be performed for three HLA loci, HLA-A, -B, and -DR, at low resolution/split antigen level. DNA-based testing methods should be utilized for HLA-DR typing. DNA-based testing for HLA-A and -B should replace serologic testing of new volunteer donors and cord blood units as robust protocols and reagents become available to the laboratories. Transplant center guidelines for typing of patient, family and to confirm the HLA types of potential unrelated donors should include, at the minimum, typing HLA-A, B, and -DR loci using primarily DNA-based testing methods at allele level resolution for DRB1 and low resolution/split antigen level for HLA-A and -B. It is strongly recommended that the typing of a patient and the selected donor be performed using the same set of reagents, methodology, and interpretation criteria with fresh tissue samples to ensure HLA identity. Guidelines for laboratory accreditation, approaches to quality assurance and quality control for HLA testing, and suggestions for the format of the HLA database of donor types are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Hurley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC, USA.
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12
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Arnaiz-Villena A, Iliakis P, González-Hevilla M, Longás J, Gómez-Casado E, Sfyridaki K, Trapaga J, Silvera-Redondo C, Matsouka C, Martínez-Laso J. The origin of Cretan populations as determined by characterization of HLA alleles. TISSUE ANTIGENS 1999; 53:213-26. [PMID: 10203014 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0039.1999.530301.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The Cretan HLA gene profile has been compared with those of other Mediterranean populations in order to provide additional information regarding the history of their origins. The allele frequencies, genetic distances between populations, relatedness dendrograms and correspondence analyses were calculated. Our results indicate that the Indoeuropean Greeks may be considered as a Mediterranean population of a more recent origin (after 2000 B.C.), while all other studied Mediterraneans (including Cretans) belong to an older substratum which was present in the area since pre-Neolithic times. A significant Turkish gene flow has not been detected in the Greek or Cretan populations, although Greeks and Turks have two high frequency HLA-DRB-DQB haplotypes in common. It is proposed that Imazighen (Caucasoid Berbers living at present in the North African coast and Saharan areas) are the remains of pre-Neolithic Saharan populations which could emigrate northwards between about 8000-6000 B.C., when desert desiccation began. They also could be part of the stock that gave rise to Sumerians, Cretans and Iberians; this is supported by both linguistic and HLA genetic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arnaiz-Villena
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, H. 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
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13
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Little AM, Madrigal JA. Molecular matching in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOGENETICS : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE BRITISH SOCIETY FOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY AND IMMUNOGENETICS 1999; 26:35-41. [PMID: 10068912 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2370.1999.00123.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A M Little
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, Department of Haematology, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, UK
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14
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Kurz B, Steiert I, Heuchert G, Müller CA. New high resolution typing strategy for HLA-A locus alleles based on dye terminator sequencing of haplotypic group-specific PCR-amplicons of exon 2 and exon 3. TISSUE ANTIGENS 1999; 53:81-96. [PMID: 10082434 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0039.1999.530109.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a new sequencing-based typing strategy for the HLA-A locus is presented which involves group-specific separate amplification of exon 2 and 3 of HLA-A alleles in a first step. Conserved HLA-A locus-specific primers of intron 1 or 3 were combined in 10 primer-mixes with group-specific primers hybridizing to the 5'- or 3'-end of exon 3 or 2 for pre-typing of the HLA-A alleles in 14 allelic groups. Maximally four overlapping short amplicons are produced under identical polymerase chain reaction (PCR) conditions with individual separate amplification of exon 2 and exon 3 of the haplotypic alleles in most heterozygous combinations. Time- and money-saving one-directional Big Dye Terminator cycle sequencing is shown to provide reliable high resolution typing of the HLA-A alleles, even in a few cases of two amplicons in one primer reaction mixture. In comparison, to other sequencing-based typing (SBT) techniques the applied typing strategy minimizes the risk of unequal amplification or of drop-outs of one of the haplotypic alleles and allows unequivocal definition of the cis/ trans linkage of polymorphic positions of the complete exon 2 and exon 3 in most heterozygous cells. This also includes detection of new alleles differing in the polymorphic template generating primer annealing sites as well as in unusual combinations of known exon 2 and 3 sequences. With 10 primer sets working under identical conditions for pre-grouping and separate amplification of the haplotypic alleles our SBT procedure also could be implemented in clinical settings of large-scale stem cell donor histocompatibility testing for fast molecular HLA-A matching.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kurz
- Dept. II, Med. Univ. Clinic, Tübingen, Germany
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15
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van der Vlies SA, Voorter CE, van den Berg-Loonen EM. A reliable and efficient high resolution typing method for HLA-C using sequence-based typing. TISSUE ANTIGENS 1998; 52:558-68. [PMID: 9894855 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1998.tb03087.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Serological typing of HLA-C has been poor and almost half of its alleles are serologically undetectable blanks in most populations. Therefore, DNA typing techniques have been used to identify and type for the HLA-C gene. Sequence-based typing (SBT) has proven a major typing strategy for highly polymorphic HLA genes. The technique enables direct identification of all sequence motifs without the need to continuously adjust primers. Here we describe a reliable solid-phase SBT strategy for HLA-C which can be used to distinguish all currently known HLA-C alleles without prior knowledge gained by low resolution typing. Exons 2 and 3 were amplified and sequenced and if necessary sequences of exons 1 and 5 were determined. A total of 257 individuals were typed for HLA-C using this protocol and 30 of the 42 known HLA-C alleles were detected. All heterozygous combinations found in this study were unambiguously discriminated. One hundred and forty-four individuals from the Dutch population were typed randomly. In this group Cw*0701 and *0702 were the most frequently detected alleles. Of the serological Cw blank alleles Cw*1203 was found to have the highest frequency (16%). From the total group 212 individuals were typed serologically and 106 were retyped with 97 selected antisera to further compare serological and molecular defined phenotypes. Discrepancies between serological typing and SBT are mainly attributable to the serologically Cw blank alleles Cw*12-18. The high resolution SBT protocol described will be a valuable tool for the identification of HLA-C alleles and the determination of the role of HLA-C in marrow and organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A van der Vlies
- Tissue Typing Laboratory, University Hospital Maastricht, The Netherlands
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16
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Optimizing Outcome After Unrelated Marrow Transplantation by Comprehensive Matching of HLA Class I and II Alleles in the Donor and Recipient. Blood 1998. [DOI: 10.1182/blood.v92.10.3515.422k49_3515_3520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In unrelated marrow transplantation, the benefit of matching class II HLA-DRB1 and DQB1 alleles of the donor and recipient is well documented. Little is known about the clinical relevance of matching for class I HLA-A, B, and C alleles. We used DNA-amplification methods to identify the HLA-A, B, and C alleles of 300 patients and their donors. The incidence of graft failure was correlated with multiple class I mismatching in the donor. The risk of grades III-IV acute graft-versus-host disease was highest with class II mismatching in the recipient. Mismatching for a single class I or class II allele had no effect on survival, but mortality was increased by mismatching for more than one class I allele and by simultaneous mismatching for class I and class II alleles. We conclude that matching HLA class I and class II alleles of the donor and recipient can improve outcome after unrelated marrow transplantation.
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17
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Optimizing Outcome After Unrelated Marrow Transplantation by Comprehensive Matching of HLA Class I and II Alleles in the Donor and Recipient. Blood 1998. [DOI: 10.1182/blood.v92.10.3515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 372] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
In unrelated marrow transplantation, the benefit of matching class II HLA-DRB1 and DQB1 alleles of the donor and recipient is well documented. Little is known about the clinical relevance of matching for class I HLA-A, B, and C alleles. We used DNA-amplification methods to identify the HLA-A, B, and C alleles of 300 patients and their donors. The incidence of graft failure was correlated with multiple class I mismatching in the donor. The risk of grades III-IV acute graft-versus-host disease was highest with class II mismatching in the recipient. Mismatching for a single class I or class II allele had no effect on survival, but mortality was increased by mismatching for more than one class I allele and by simultaneous mismatching for class I and class II alleles. We conclude that matching HLA class I and class II alleles of the donor and recipient can improve outcome after unrelated marrow transplantation.
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18
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Argüello JR, Little AM, Bohan E, Goldman JM, Marsh SG, Madrigal JA. High resolution HLA class I typing by reference strand mediated conformation analysis (RSCA). TISSUE ANTIGENS 1998; 52:57-66. [PMID: 9714475 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1998.tb03024.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We describe the application of RSCA for the high resolution typing of alleles encoded within the highly polymorphic HLA class I system. RSCA differs from other sequence based typing methodologies in that the HLA type is assigned on the basis of differences in DNA conformation between different HLA alleles. HLA class I locus specific PCR was performed on the sample to be HLA typed and the PCR product mixed with a fluorescent labelled locus specific reference strand. DNA molecules were allowed to reanneal and the duplexes formed were separated by non-denaturing PAGE. Only duplexes which possess the fluorescent labelled reference strand were detected using an automated DNA sequencer. The mobilities of duplexes formed for 131 HLA class I alleles have been calculated and HLA type assigned. The use of a laser scanning system for accurate detection of migrating DNA, in combination with specific software for data analysis and correction of gel variablility, make RSCA sufficiently robust to detect alleles differing by as little as one nucleotide, resulting in a simple and automated technique for high resolution HLA typing.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Argüello
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, The Royal Free Hospital, Hampstead, UK
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bunce
- Transplantation Immunology, Nuffield Department of Surgery, Oxford Radcliffe Hospital, England.
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Pera C, Delfino L, Morabito A, Longo A, Johnston-Dow L, White CB, Colonna M, Ferrara GB. HLA-A typing: comparison between serology, the amplification refractory mutation system with polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. TISSUE ANTIGENS 1997; 50:372-9. [PMID: 9349622 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1997.tb02890.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study we typed HLA-A polymorphisms by a new sequence-based typing (SBT) method, which involved one PCR reaction and four sequencing reactions covering exon 2 and exon 3. This method allowed complete identification of all known HLA-A alleles and revealed the presence of a new allele, named HLA-A*2608. We also introduced sequencing of exon 4 for some samples in order to discriminate the allelic pairs that are identical in exon 2 and 3, thus improving SBT resolution. Finally, we compared the results obtained by SBT with data obtained by serological typing and the amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS-PCR). Together, our results suggest that the SBT here described provides an optimal HLA-A typing technique that may be useful in selecting donor-recipient pairs in bone marrow transplantation between unrelated individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pera
- National Institute for Cancer Research, IST, Advanced Biotechnology Center, Genova, Italy
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Arguello R, Pay AL, McDermott A, Ross J, Dunn P, Avakian H, Little AM, Goldman J, Madrigal JA. Complementary strand analysis: a new approach for allelic separation in complex polyallelic genetic systems. Nucleic Acids Res 1997; 25:2236-8. [PMID: 9153329 PMCID: PMC146725 DOI: 10.1093/nar/25.11.2236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe a method, complementary strand analysis (CSA), for separating alleles potentially from any heterozygous genetic locus. Locus specific PCR is performed generating two allelic products. The antisense strands are isolated and hybridised with a sense reference strand to form a chimeric DNA duplex for each allele which is then separated by non-denaturing PAGE. We demonstrate the application of CSA for separation of highly polymorphic HLA-A, -B and -Cw alleles and characterisation of HLA identity in related bone marrow donors and patients. CSA is capable of resolving one nucleotide differences in a DNA fragment nearly as large as a kilobase in length.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Arguello
- The Anthony Nolan Research Institute, The Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, Hampstead, London NW3 2QG, UK
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Madrigal JA, Scott I, Arguello R, Szydlo R, Little AM, Goldman JM. Factors influencing the outcome of bone marrow transplants using unrelated donors. Immunol Rev 1997; 157:153-66. [PMID: 9255628 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1997.tb00980.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The use of unrelated donors for bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is associated with an increased morbidity and mortality when compared with HLA-identical donors, primarily due to an increased rate of graft-versus-host disease, but also to increased susceptibility to infections and graft failure. HLA matching for donors and recipients is the single most important factor influencing the outcome of BMT. However, unrelated donor selection generally relies on matching only for HLA-A, -B and -DR antigens without considering potential incompatibility for other HLA loci, such as HLA-C, -DQ and -DP. In addition, other factors that affect the outcome of BMT need to be taken into consideration in selecting the best unrelated donor. In this review, we will focus on the effects of HLA-associated factors in determining the result of a transplant procedure. We will also mention other relevant factors, drawing on our experience of laboratory studies performed at The Anthony Nolan Research Institute and clinical studies at the Hammersmith Hospital in London.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Madrigal
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK.
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