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Gutay-Tóth Z, Gellen G, Doan M, Eliason JF, Vincze J, Szente L, Fenyvesi F, Goda K, Vecsernyés M, Szabó G, Bacso Z. Cholesterol-Depletion-Induced Membrane Repair Carries a Raft Conformer of P-Glycoprotein to the Cell Surface, Indicating Enhanced Cholesterol Trafficking in MDR Cells, Which Makes Them Resistant to Cholesterol Modifications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12335. [PMID: 37569709 PMCID: PMC10419235 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The human P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a transporter responsible for multidrug resistance, is present in the plasma membrane's raft and non-raft domains. One specific conformation of P-gp that binds to the monoclonal antibody UIC2 is primarily associated with raft domains and displays heightened internalization in cells overexpressing P-gp, such as in NIH-3T3 MDR1 cells. Our primary objective was to investigate whether the trafficking of this particular P-gp conformer is dependent on cholesterol levels. Surprisingly, depleting cholesterol using cyclodextrin resulted in an unexpected increase in the proportion of raft-associated P-gp within the cell membrane, as determined by UIC2-reactive P-gp. This increase appears to be a compensatory response to cholesterol loss from the plasma membrane, whereby cholesterol-rich raft micro-domains are delivered to the cell surface through an augmented exocytosis process. Furthermore, this exocytotic event is found to be part of a complex trafficking mechanism involving lysosomal exocytosis, which contributes to membrane repair after cholesterol reduction induced by cyclodextrin treatment. Notably, cells overexpressing P-gp demonstrated higher total cellular cholesterol levels, an increased abundance of stable lysosomes, and more effective membrane repair following cholesterol modifications. These modifications encompassed exocytotic events that involved the transport of P-gp-carrying rafts. Importantly, the enhanced membrane repair capability resulted in a durable phenotype for MDR1 expressing cells, as evidenced by significantly improved viabilities of multidrug-resistant Pgp-overexpressing immortal NIH-3T3 MDR1 and MDCK-MDR1 cells compared to their parents when subjected to cholesterol alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Gutay-Tóth
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.G.-T.); (G.G.); (M.D.); (K.G.); (G.S.)
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Gellen
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.G.-T.); (G.G.); (M.D.); (K.G.); (G.S.)
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- MTA-ELTE Lendület Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry Research Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1053 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Minh Doan
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.G.-T.); (G.G.); (M.D.); (K.G.); (G.S.)
| | - James F. Eliason
- Great Lakes Stem Cell Innovation Center, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;
| | - János Vincze
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Lajos Szente
- CycloLab Cyclodextrin Research & Development Laboratory, Ltd., 1097 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Ferenc Fenyvesi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (F.F.); (M.V.)
| | - Katalin Goda
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.G.-T.); (G.G.); (M.D.); (K.G.); (G.S.)
| | - Miklós Vecsernyés
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (F.F.); (M.V.)
| | - Gábor Szabó
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.G.-T.); (G.G.); (M.D.); (K.G.); (G.S.)
| | - Zsolt Bacso
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.G.-T.); (G.G.); (M.D.); (K.G.); (G.S.)
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (F.F.); (M.V.)
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Zhu H, Chen HJ, Wen HY, Wang ZG, Liu SL. Engineered Lipidic Nanomaterials Inspired by Sphingomyelin Metabolism for Cancer Therapy. Molecules 2023; 28:5366. [PMID: 37513239 PMCID: PMC10383197 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingomyelin (SM) and its metabolites are crucial regulators of tumor cell growth, differentiation, senescence, and programmed cell death. With the rise in lipid-based nanomaterials, engineered lipidic nanomaterials inspired by SM metabolism, corresponding lipid targeting, and signaling activation have made fascinating advances in cancer therapeutic processes. In this review, we first described the specific pathways of SM metabolism and the roles of their associated bioactive molecules in mediating cell survival or death. We next summarized the advantages and specific applications of SM metabolism-based lipidic nanomaterials in specific cancer therapies. Finally, we discussed the challenges and perspectives of this emerging and promising SM metabolism-based nanomaterials research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hua-Jie Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hai-Yan Wen
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shu-Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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Wang J, Han S, Ye J. Topological regulation of a transmembrane protein by luminal-to-cytosolic retrotranslocation of glycosylated sequence. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112311. [PMID: 36972171 PMCID: PMC10520219 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane proteins must adopt proper topology to perform their functions. We previously demonstrated that ceramide regulates TM4SF20 (transmembrane 4 L6 family 20) by altering the topology of the transmembrane protein, but the underlying mechanism remains obscure. Here we report that TM4SF20 is synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with a cytosolic C terminus and a luminal loop before the last transmembrane helix where N132, N148, and N163 are glycosylated. In the absence of ceramide, the sequence surrounding glycosylated N163 but not N132 is retrotranslocated from lumen to cytosol independent of ER-associated degradation. Accompanying this retrotranslocation, the C terminus of the protein is relocated from cytosol to lumen. Ceramide delays the retrotranslocation process, causing accumulation of the protein that is originally synthesized. Our findings suggest that N-linked glycans, although synthesized in the lumens, may be exposed to cytosol through retrotranslocation, a reaction that may play a crucial role in topological regulation of transmembrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingcheng Wang
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Sungwon Han
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jin Ye
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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Targeted liposomal doxorubicin/ceramides combinations: the importance to assess the nature of drug interaction beyond bulk tumor cells. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 172:61-77. [PMID: 35104605 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
One of the major assets of anticancer nanomedicine is the ability to co-deliver drug combinations, as it enables targeting of different cellular populations and/or signaling pathways implicated in tumorigenesis and thus tackling tumor heterogeneity. Moreover, drug resistance can be circumvented, for example, upon co-encapsulation and delivery of doxorubicin and sphingolipids, as ceramides. Herein, the impact of short (C6) and long (C18) alkyl chain length ceramides on the nature of drug interaction, within the scope of combination with doxorubicin, was performed in bulk triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells, as well as on the density of putative cancer stem cells and phenotype, including live single-cell tracking. C6- or C18-ceramide enabled a synergistic drug interaction in all conditions and (bulk) cell lines tested. However, differentiation among these two ceramides was reflected on the migratory potential of cancer cells, particularly significant against the highly motile MDA-MB-231 cells. This effect was supported by the downregulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway enabled by C6-ceramide and in contrast with C18-ceramide. The decrease of the migratory potential enabled by the targeted liposomal combinations is of high relevance in the context of TNBC, due to the underlying metastatic potential. Surprisingly, the nature of the drug interaction assessed at the level of bulk cancer cells revealed to be insufficient to predict whether a drug combination enables a decrease in the percentage of the master regulators of tumor relapse as ALDH+/high putative TNBC cancer stem cells, suggesting, for the first time, that it should be extended further down to this level.
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Bataller M, Sánchez-García A, Garcia-Mayea Y, Mir C, Rodriguez I, LLeonart ME. The Role of Sphingolipids Metabolism in Cancer Drug Resistance. Front Oncol 2022; 11:807636. [PMID: 35004331 PMCID: PMC8733468 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.807636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance continues to be one of the major challenges to cure cancer. As research in this field evolves, it has been proposed that numerous bioactive molecules might be involved in the resistance of cancer cells to certain chemotherapeutics. One well-known group of lipids that play a major role in drug resistance are the sphingolipids. Sphingolipids are essential components of the lipid raft domains of the plasma membrane and this structural function is important for apoptosis and/or cell proliferation. Dysregulation of sphingolipids, including ceramide, sphingomyelin or sphingosine 1-phosphate, has been linked to drug resistance in different types of cancer, including breast, melanoma or colon cancer. Sphingolipid metabolism is complex, involving several lipid catabolism with the participation of key enzymes such as glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) and sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1). With an overview of the latest available data on this topic and its implications in cancer therapy, this review focuses on the main enzymes implicated in sphingolipids metabolism and their intermediate metabolites involved in cancer drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Bataller
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells Group, Vall d´Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Almudena Sánchez-García
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells Group, Vall d´Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yoelsis Garcia-Mayea
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells Group, Vall d´Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Mir
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells Group, Vall d´Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Rodriguez
- Assistant Director of Nursing, Nursing Management Service Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Matilde Esther LLeonart
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells Group, Vall d´Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Network Centre in Oncology, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
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Piazzesi A, Afsar SY, van Echten‐Deckert G. Sphingolipid metabolism in the development and progression of cancer: one cancer's help is another's hindrance. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:3256-3279. [PMID: 34289244 PMCID: PMC8637577 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer development is a multistep process in which cells must overcome a series of obstacles before they can become fully developed tumors. First, cells must develop the ability to proliferate unchecked. Once this is accomplished, they must be able to invade the neighboring tissue, as well as provide themselves with oxygen and nutrients. Finally, they must acquire the ability to detach from the newly formed mass in order to spread to other tissues, all the while evading an immune system that is primed for their destruction. Furthermore, increased levels of inflammation have been shown to be linked to the development of cancer, with sites of chronic inflammation being a common component of tumorigenic microenvironments. In this Review, we give an overview of the impact of sphingolipid metabolism in cancers, from initiation to metastatic dissemination, as well as discussing immune responses and resistance to treatments. We explore how sphingolipids can either help or hinder the progression of cells from a healthy phenotype to a cancerous one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Piazzesi
- LIMES Institute for Membrane Biology and Lipid BiochemistryUniversity of BonnGermany
| | - Sumaiya Yasmeen Afsar
- LIMES Institute for Membrane Biology and Lipid BiochemistryUniversity of BonnGermany
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Shammout ODA, Ashmawy NS, Shakartalla SB, Altaie AM, Semreen MH, Omar HA, Soliman SSM. Comparative sphingolipidomic analysis reveals significant differences between doxorubicin-sensitive and -resistance MCF-7 cells. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258363. [PMID: 34637456 PMCID: PMC8509934 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is responsible for the failure of many available anticancer drugs. Several studies have demonstrated the association between the alteration in sphingolipids (SPLs) and the development of drug resistance. To investigate the association between SPLs metabolism and doxorubicin (dox)-resistance in MCF-7 cells, a comparative sphingolipidomics analysis between dox-sensitive (parental) and -resistant MCF-7 cell lines along with validation by gene expression analysis were conducted. A total of 31 SPLs representing 5 subcategories were identified. The data obtained revealed that SPLs were clustered into two groups differentiating parental from dox-resistant cells. Eight SPLs were significantly altered in response to dox-resistance including SM (d18:1/16), SM (d18:1/24:2), SM (d18:1/24:0), SM (d18:1/20:0), SM (d18:1/23:1), HexCer (d18:1/24:0), SM (d18:1/15:0), DHSM (d18:0/20:0). The current study is the first to conclusively ascertain the potential involvement of dysregulated SPLs in dox-resistance in MCF-7 cells. SPLs metabolism in dox-resistant MCF-7 cells is oriented toward the downregulation of ceramides (Cer) and the concomitant increase in sphingomyelin (SM). Gene expression analysis has revealed that dox-resistant cells tend to escape from the Cer-related apoptosis by the activation of SM-Cer and GluCer-LacCer-ganglioside pathways. The enzymes that were correlated to the alteration in SPLs metabolism of dox-resistant MCF-7 cells and significantly altered in gene expression can represent potential targets that can represent a winning strategy for the future development of promising anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola D. A. Shammout
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Naglaa S. Ashmawy
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Pharmacy Department, City University College of Ajman, Ajman, UAE
| | - Sarra B. Shakartalla
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wadmedani, Sudan
| | - Alaa M. Altaie
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad H. Semreen
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hany A. Omar
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Sameh S. M. Soliman
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- * E-mail:
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Reza S, Ugorski M, Suchański J. Glucosylceramide and galactosylceramide, small glycosphingolipids with significant impact on health and disease. Glycobiology 2021; 31:1416-1434. [PMID: 34080016 PMCID: PMC8684486 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwab046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous clinical observations and exploitation of cellular and animal models indicate that glucosylceramide (GlcCer) and galactosylceramide (GalCer) are involved in many physiological and pathological phenomena. In many cases, the biological importance of these monohexosylcermides has been shown indirectly as the result of studies on enzymes involved in their synthesis and degradation. Under physiological conditions, GalCer plays a key role in the maintenance of proper structure and stability of myelin and differentiation of oligodendrocytes. On the other hand, GlcCer is necessary for the proper functions of epidermis. Such an important lysosomal storage disease as Gaucher disease (GD) and a neurodegenerative disorder as Parkinson’s disease are characterized by mutations in the GBA1 gene, decreased activity of lysosomal GBA1 glucosylceramidase and accumulation of GlcCer. In contrast, another lysosomal disease, Krabbe disease, is associated with mutations in the GALC gene, resulting in deficiency or decreased activity of lysosomal galactosylceramidase and accumulation of GalCer and galactosylsphingosine. Little is known about the role of both monohexosylceramides in tumor progression; however, numerous studies indicate that GlcCer and GalCer play important roles in the development of multidrug-resistance by cancer cells. It was shown that GlcCer is able to provoke immune reaction and acts as a self-antigen in GD. On the other hand, GalCer was recognized as an important cellular receptor for HIV-1. Altogether, these two molecules are excellent examples of how slight differences in chemical composition and molecular conformation contribute to profound differences in their physicochemical properties and biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safoura Reza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 31, 50-375, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Ugorski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 31, 50-375, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jarosław Suchański
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 31, 50-375, Wroclaw, Poland
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The Role of Ceramide Metabolism and Signaling in the Regulation of Mitophagy and Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102475. [PMID: 34069611 PMCID: PMC8161379 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Sphingolipids are membrane-associated lipids that are involved in signal transduction pathways regulating cell death, growth, and migration. In cancer cells, sphingolipids regulate pathways relevant to cancer therapy, such as invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, and lethal mitophagy. Notable sphingolipids include ceramide, a sphingolipid that induces death and lethal mitophagy, and sphingosine-1 phosphate, a sphingolipid that induces survival and chemotherapeutic resistance. These sphingolipids participate in regulating the process of mitophagy, where cells encapsulate damaged mitochondria in double-membrane vesicles (called autophagosomes) for degradation. Lethal mitophagy is an anti-tumorigenic mechanism mediated by ceramide, where cells degrade many mitochondria until the cancer cell dies in an apoptosis-independent manner. Abstract Sphingolipids are bioactive lipids responsible for regulating diverse cellular functions such as proliferation, migration, senescence, and death. These lipids are characterized by a long-chain sphingosine backbone amide-linked to a fatty acyl chain with variable length. The length of the fatty acyl chain is determined by specific ceramide synthases, and this fatty acyl length also determines the sphingolipid’s specialized functions within the cell. One function in particular, the regulation of the selective autophagy of mitochondria, or mitophagy, is closely regulated by ceramide, a key regulatory sphingolipid. Mitophagy alterations have important implications for cancer cell proliferation, response to chemotherapeutics, and mitophagy-mediated cell death. This review will focus on the alterations of ceramide synthases in cancer and sphingolipid regulation of lethal mitophagy, concerning cancer therapy.
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Li Z, Zhang L, Liu D, Wang C. Ceramide glycosylation and related enzymes in cancer signaling and therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111565. [PMID: 33887691 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramides, the core of the sphingolipid metabolism, draw wide attention as tumor suppressor, and act directly on mitochondria to trigger apoptotic cell death. Ceramide-based therapies are being developed by using promote ceramide generating agents. The ceramide metabolism balance is regulated by multifaceted factors in cancer development. Ceramide metabolic enzymes can increase the elimination of ceramide and counteract the anti-tumor effects of ceramide. However, recent research showed that these metabolic enzymes were highly expressed in several cancers. Especially ceramide glycosyltransferases, they catalyze ceramide glycosylation and synthesis the skeleton of glycosphingolipids (GSLs), play an important role in regulating tumor progression and have a significant correlation with the poor prognosis of cancer patients. To further understand the biological characteristics of ceramide metabolism in tumor, this review focuses on the role of ceramide glycosylation and related enzymes in cancer signaling and therapy. Besides, the research on multidrug resistance and potential inhibitors of ceramide glycosyltransferases are also discussed. Advance study on the structure of ceramide glycosyltransferases and ceramide glycosylation signaling pathway will open the path to new therapies and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zibo Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Caiyan Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
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Lee TY, Lu WJ, Changou CA, Hsiung YC, Trang NTT, Lee CY, Chang TH, Jayakumar T, Hsieh CY, Yang CH, Chang CC, Chen RJ, Sheu JR, Lin KH. Platelet autophagic machinery involved in thrombosis through a novel linkage of AMPK-MTOR to sphingolipid metabolism. Autophagy 2021; 17:4141-4158. [PMID: 33749503 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1904495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Basal macroautophagy/autophagy has recently been found in anucleate platelets. Platelet autophagy is involved in platelet activation and thrombus formation. However, the mechanism underlying autophagy in anucleate platelets require further clarification. Our data revealed that LC3-II formation and SQSTM1/p62 degradation were noted in H2O2-activated human platelets, which could be blocked by 3-methyladenine and bafilomycin A1, indicating that platelet activation may cause platelet autophagy. AMPK phosphorylation and MTOR dephosphorylation were also detected, and block of AMPK activity by the AMPK inhibitor dorsomorphin reversed SQSTM1 degradation and LC3-II formation. Moreover, autophagosome formation was observed through transmission electron microscopy and deconvolution microscopy. These findings suggest that platelet autophagy was induced partly through the AMPK-MTOR pathway. In addition, increased LC3-II expression occurred only in H2O2-treated Atg5f/f platelets, but not in H2O2-treated atg5-/- platelets, suggesting that platelet autophagy occurs during platelet activation. atg5-/- platelets also exhibited a lower aggregation in response to agonists, and platelet-specific atg5-/- mice exhibited delayed thrombus formation in mesenteric microvessles and decreased mortality rate due to pulmonary thrombosis. Notably, metabolic analysis revealed that sphingolipid metabolism is involved in platelet activation, as evidenced by observed several altered metabolites, which could be reversed by dorsomorphin. Therefore, platelet autophagy and platelet activation are positively correlated, partly through the interconnected network of sphingolipid metabolism. In conclusion, this study for the first time demonstrated that AMPK-MTOR signaling could regulate platelet autophagy. A novel linkage between AMPK-MTOR and sphingolipid metabolism in anucleate platelet autophagy was also identified: platelet autophagy and platelet activation are positively correlated.Abbreviations: 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; A.C.D.: citric acid/sod. citrate/glucose; ADP: adenosine diphosphate; AKT: AKT serine/threonine kinase; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ANOVA: analysis of variance; ATG: autophagy-related; B4GALT/LacCS: beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase; Baf-A1: bafilomycin A1; BECN1: beclin 1; BHT: butylate hydrooxytoluene; BSA: bovine serum albumin; DAG: diacylglycerol; ECL: enhanced chemiluminescence; EDTA: ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid; ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; GALC/GCDase: galactosylceramidase; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GBA/GluSDase: glucosylceramidase beta; GPI: glycosylphosphatidylinositol; H2O2: hydrogen peroxide; HMDB: human metabolome database; HRP: horseradish peroxidase; IF: immunofluorescence; IgG: immunoglobulin G; KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; LAMP1: lysosomal associated membrane protein 1; LC-MS/MS: liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; mAb: monoclonal antibody; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MPV: mean platelet volume; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; ox-LDL: oxidized low-density lipoprotein; pAb: polyclonal antibody; PC: phosphatidylcholine; PCR: polymerase chain reaction; PI3K: phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PLS-DA: partial least-squares discriminant analysis; PRP: platelet-rich plasma; Q-TOF: quadrupole-time of flight; RBC: red blood cell; ROS: reactive oxygen species; RPS6KB/p70S6K: ribosomal protein S6 kinase B; SDS: sodium dodecyl sulfate; S.E.M.: standard error of the mean; SEM: scanning electron microscopy; SGMS: sphingomyelin synthase; SM: sphingomyelin; SMPD/SMase: sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; UGT8/CGT: UDP glycosyltransferase 8; UGCG/GCS: UDP-glucose ceramide glucosyltransferase; ULK1: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1; UPLC: ultra-performance liquid chromatography; PIK3C3/VPS34: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3; PtdIns3P: phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; WBC: white blood cell; WT: wild type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yin Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Jung Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun A Changou
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Integrated Laboratory, Center of Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Core Facility, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Nguyen T T Trang
- International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yang Lee
- Research Information Session, Office of Information Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hao Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thanasekaran Jayakumar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ying Hsieh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chien Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Cardiovascular Center, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ray-Jade Chen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Joen-Rong Sheu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hung Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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12
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Chen J, Goyal N, Dai L, Lin Z, Del Valle L, Zabaleta J, Liu J, Post SR, Foroozesh M, Qin Z. Developing new ceramide analogs and identifying novel sphingolipid-controlled genes against a virus-associated lymphoma. Blood 2020; 136:2175-2187. [PMID: 32518949 PMCID: PMC7645984 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020005569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis even under chemotherapy. Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), one of the human oncogenic viruses, is the principal causative agent. Currently, there is no specific treatment for PEL; therefore, developing new therapies is of great importance. Sphingolipid metabolism plays an important role in determining the fate of tumor cells. Our previous studies have demonstrated that there is a correlation between sphingolipid metabolism and KSHV+ tumor cell survival. To further develop sphingolipid metabolism-targeted therapy, after screening a series of newly synthesized ceramide analogs, here, we have identified compounds with effective anti-PEL activity. These compounds induce significant PEL apoptosis, cell-cycle arrest, and intracellular ceramide production through regulation of ceramide synthesizing or ceramide metabolizing enzymes and dramatically suppress tumor progression without visible toxicity in vivo. These new compounds also increase viral lytic gene expression in PEL cells. Our comparative transcriptomic analysis revealed their mechanisms of action for inducing PEL cell death and identified a subset of novel cellular genes, including AURKA and CDCA3, controlled by sphingolipid metabolism, and required for PEL survival with functional validation. These data provide the framework for the development of promising sphingolipid-based therapies against this virus-associated malignancy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Aurora Kinase A/genetics
- Aurora Kinase A/metabolism
- Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
- Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Survival
- Ceramides/chemistry
- Ceramides/pharmacology
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Herpesvirus 8, Human/pathogenicity
- Humans
- Lymphoma, Primary Effusion/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Primary Effusion/etiology
- Lymphoma, Primary Effusion/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Primary Effusion/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Sarcoma, Kaposi/complications
- Sarcoma, Kaposi/virology
- Sphingolipids/pharmacology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Virus Replication
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungang Chen
- Department of Pathology, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | - Navneet Goyal
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA
| | - Lu Dai
- Department of Pathology, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | - Zhen Lin
- Department of Pathology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, Tulane Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA
| | | | - Jovanny Zabaleta
- Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, New Orleans, LA; and
| | - Jiawang Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Steven R Post
- Department of Pathology, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | - Maryam Foroozesh
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA
| | - Zhiqiang Qin
- Department of Pathology, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
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13
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Desplanque M, Bonte MA, Gressier B, Devos D, Chartier-Harlin MC, Belarbi K. Trends in Glucocerebrosides Research: A Systematic Review. Front Physiol 2020; 11:558090. [PMID: 33192552 PMCID: PMC7658098 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.558090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocerebrosides are sphingolipid components of cell membranes that intervene in numerous cell biological processes and signaling pathways and that deregulation is implicated in human diseases such as Gaucher disease and Parkinson's disease. In the present study, we conducted a systematic review using document co-citation analysis, clustering and visualization tools to explore the trends and knowledge structure of glucocerebrosides research as indexed in the Science Citation Index Expanded database (1956-present). A co-citation network of 5,324 publications related to glucocerebrosides was constructed. The analysis of emerging categories and keywords suggested a growth of research related to neurosciences over the last decade. We identified ten major areas of research (e.g., clusters) that developed over time, from the oldest (i.e., on glucocerebrosidase protein or molecular analysis of the GBA gene) to the most recent ones (i.e., on drug resistance in cancer, pharmacological chaperones, or Parkinson's disease). We provided for each cluster the most cited publications and a description of their intellectual content. We moreover identified emerging trends in glucocerebrosides research by detecting the surges in the rate of publication citations in the most recent years. In conclusion, this study helps to apprehend the most significant lines of research on glucocerebrosides. This should strengthen the connections between scientific communities studying glycosphingolipids to facilitate advances, especially for the most recent researches on cancer drug resistance and Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazarine Desplanque
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU-Lille, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, Lille, France.,Département de Pharmacologie de la Faculté de Pharmacie, Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Bernard Gressier
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU-Lille, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, Lille, France.,Département de Pharmacologie de la Faculté de Pharmacie, Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - David Devos
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU-Lille, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, Lille, France.,Département de Pharmacologie Médicale, I-SITE ULNE, LiCEND, Lille, France
| | | | - Karim Belarbi
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU-Lille, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, Lille, France.,Département de Pharmacologie de la Faculté de Pharmacie, Univ. Lille, Lille, France
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14
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do Amaral VSG, Santos SACS, de Andrade PC, Nowatzki J, Júnior NS, de Medeiros LN, Gitirana LB, Pascutti PG, Almeida VH, Monteiro RQ, Kurtenbach E. Pisum sativum Defensin 1 Eradicates Mouse Metastatic Lung Nodules from B16F10 Melanoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2662. [PMID: 32290394 PMCID: PMC7219108 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Psd1 is a pea plant defensin which can be actively expressed in Pichia pastoris and shows broad antifungal activity. This activity is dependent on fungal membrane glucosylceramide (GlcCer), which is also important for its internalization, nuclear localization, and endoreduplication. Certain cancer cells present a lipid metabolism imbalance resulting in the overexpression of GlcCer in their membrane. In this work, in vitroassays using B16F10 cells showed that labeled fluorescein isothiocyanate FITC-Psd1 internalized into live cultured cells and targeted the nucleus, which underwent fragmentation, exhibiting approximately 60% of cells in the sub-G0/G1 stage. This phenomenon was dependent on GlcCer, and the participation of cyclin-F was suggested. In a murine lung metastatic melanoma model, intravenous injection of Psd1 together with B16F10 cells drastically reduced the number of nodules at concentrations above 0.5 mg/kg. Additionally, the administration of 1 mg/kg Psd1 decreased the number of lung inflammatory cells to near zero without weight loss, unlike animals that received melanoma cells only. It is worth noting that 1 mg/kg Psd1 alone did not provoke inflammation in lung tissue or weight or vital signal losses over 21 days, inferring no whole animal cytotoxicity. These results suggest that Psd1 could be a promising prototype for human lung anti-metastatic melanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Sara Grancieri do Amaral
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brasil; (V.S.G.d.A.); (S.A.C.S.S.); (P.C.d.A.); (J.N.); (N.S.J.); (L.N.d.M.); (P.G.P.)
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brasil; (V.H.A.); (R.Q.M.)
| | - Stephanie Alexia Cristina Silva Santos
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brasil; (V.S.G.d.A.); (S.A.C.S.S.); (P.C.d.A.); (J.N.); (N.S.J.); (L.N.d.M.); (P.G.P.)
| | - Paula Cavalcante de Andrade
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brasil; (V.S.G.d.A.); (S.A.C.S.S.); (P.C.d.A.); (J.N.); (N.S.J.); (L.N.d.M.); (P.G.P.)
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brasil; (V.H.A.); (R.Q.M.)
| | - Jenifer Nowatzki
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brasil; (V.S.G.d.A.); (S.A.C.S.S.); (P.C.d.A.); (J.N.); (N.S.J.); (L.N.d.M.); (P.G.P.)
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brasil; (V.H.A.); (R.Q.M.)
| | - Nilton Silva Júnior
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brasil; (V.S.G.d.A.); (S.A.C.S.S.); (P.C.d.A.); (J.N.); (N.S.J.); (L.N.d.M.); (P.G.P.)
| | - Luciano Neves de Medeiros
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brasil; (V.S.G.d.A.); (S.A.C.S.S.); (P.C.d.A.); (J.N.); (N.S.J.); (L.N.d.M.); (P.G.P.)
| | - Lycia Brito Gitirana
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brasil;
| | - Pedro Geraldo Pascutti
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brasil; (V.S.G.d.A.); (S.A.C.S.S.); (P.C.d.A.); (J.N.); (N.S.J.); (L.N.d.M.); (P.G.P.)
| | - Vitor H. Almeida
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brasil; (V.H.A.); (R.Q.M.)
| | - Robson Q. Monteiro
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brasil; (V.H.A.); (R.Q.M.)
| | - Eleonora Kurtenbach
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brasil; (V.S.G.d.A.); (S.A.C.S.S.); (P.C.d.A.); (J.N.); (N.S.J.); (L.N.d.M.); (P.G.P.)
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15
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Kao LP, Morad SAF, Davis TS, MacDougall MR, Kassai M, Abdelmageed N, Fox TE, Kester M, Loughran TP, Abad JL, Fabrias G, Tan SF, Feith DJ, Claxton DF, Spiegel S, Fisher-Wellman KH, Cabot MC. Chemotherapy selection pressure alters sphingolipid composition and mitochondrial bioenergetics in resistant HL-60 cells. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:1590-1602. [PMID: 31363040 PMCID: PMC6718434 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra119000251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of daunorubicin (dnr) and cytarabine (Ara-C) is a cornerstone of treatment for acute myelogenous leukemia (AML); resistance to these drugs is a major cause of treatment failure. Ceramide, a sphingolipid (SL), plays a critical role in cancer cell apoptosis in response to chemotherapy. Here, we investigated the effects of chemotherapy selection pressure with Ara-C and dnr on SL composition and enzyme activity in the AML cell line HL-60. Resistant cells, those selected for growth in Ara-C- and dnr-containing medium (HL-60/Ara-C and HL-60/dnr, respectively), demonstrated upregulated expression and activity of glucosylceramide synthase, acid ceramidase (AC), and sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1); were more resistant to ceramide than parental cells; and displayed sensitivity to inhibitors of SL metabolism. Lipidomic analysis revealed a general ceramide deficit and a profound upswing in levels of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and ceramide 1-phosphate (C1P) in HL-60/dnr cells versus parental and HL-60/Ara-C cells. Both chemotherapy-selected cells also exhibited comprehensive upregulations in mitochondrial biogenesis consistent with heightened reliance on oxidative phosphorylation, a property that was partially reversed by exposure to AC and SPHK1 inhibitors and that supports a role for the phosphorylation system in resistance. In summary, dnr and Ara-C selection pressure induces acute reductions in ceramide levels and large increases in S1P and C1P, concomitant with cell resilience bolstered by enhanced mitochondrial remodeling. Thus, strategic control of ceramide metabolism and further research to define mitochondrial perturbations that accompany the drug-resistant phenotype offer new opportunities for developing therapies that regulate cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Pin Kao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, and the East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Greenville, NC
| | - Samy A F Morad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, and the East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Greenville, NC; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Traci S Davis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, and the East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Greenville, NC
| | - Matthew R MacDougall
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, and the East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Greenville, NC
| | - Miki Kassai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, and the East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Greenville, NC
| | - Noha Abdelmageed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Todd E Fox
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Mark Kester
- University of Virginia Cancer Center Charlottesville, VA
| | - Thomas P Loughran
- University of Virginia Cancer Center Charlottesville, VA; Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Jose' L Abad
- Instituto de Quimica Avanzada de Cataluña, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Fabrias
- Instituto de Quimica Avanzada de Cataluña, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Su-Fern Tan
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - David J Feith
- University of Virginia Cancer Center Charlottesville, VA; Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | | | - Sarah Spiegel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA
| | - Kelsey H Fisher-Wellman
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, and the East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Greenville, NC.
| | - Myles C Cabot
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, and the East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Greenville, NC.
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16
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Suhrland C, Truman J, Obeid LM, Sitharaman B. Delivery of long chain C16and C24ceramide in HeLa cells using oxidized graphene nanoribbons. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 108:1141-1156. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Suhrland
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringStony Brook University Stony Brook New York
| | - Jean‐Philip Truman
- Department of Medicine and the Stony Brook Cancer Center, Health Science CenterStony Brook University Stony Brook New York
| | - Lina M. Obeid
- Department of Medicine and the Stony Brook Cancer Center, Health Science CenterStony Brook University Stony Brook New York
| | - Balaji Sitharaman
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringStony Brook University Stony Brook New York
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17
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Alrbyawi H, Poudel I, Dash RP, Srinivas NR, Tiwari AK, Arnold RD, Babu RJ. Role of Ceramides in Drug Delivery. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:287. [PMID: 31410612 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1497-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceramides belong to the sphingolipid group of lipids, which serve as both intracellular and intercellular messengers and as regulatory molecules that play essential roles in signal transduction, inflammation, angiogenesis, and metabolic disorders such as diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer cell degeneration. Ceramides also play an important structural role in cell membranes by increasing their rigidity, creating micro-domains (rafts and caveolae), and altering membrane permeability; all these events are involved in the cell signaling. Ceramides constitute approximately half of the lipid composition in the human skin contributing to barrier function as well as epidermal signaling as they affect both proliferation and apoptosis of keratinocytes. Incorporation of ceramides in topical preparations as functional lipids appears to alter skin barrier functions. Ceramides also appear to enhance the bioavailability of drugs by acting as lipid delivery systems. They appear to regulate the ocular inflammation signaling, and external ceramides have shown relief in the anterior and posterior eye disorders. Ceramides play a structural role in liposome formulations and enhance the cellular uptake of amphiphilic drugs, such as chemotherapies. This review presents an overview of the various biological functions of ceramides, and their utility in topical, oral, ocular, and chemotherapeutic drug delivery.
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18
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Roy KR, Khiste SK, Liu Z, Liu YY. Fluorescence HPLC Analysis of the in-vivo Activity of Glucosylceramide Synthase. Bio Protoc 2019; 9:e3269. [PMID: 33654788 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Almost all functions of cells or organs rely on the activities of cellular enzymes. Indeed, the in-vivo activities that directly represent the cellular effects of enzymes in live organs are critical importance to appreciate the roles enzymes play in modulating physiological or pathological processes, although assessments of such in-vivo enzyme activity are more difficult than typical test-tube assays. Recently, we, for the first time, developed a direct and easy-handling method for HPLC analyzing the in-vivo activity of glucosylceramide synthase (GCS). GCS that converts ceramide into glucosylceramide is a limiting-enzyme in the syntheses of glycosphingolipids and is one cause of cancer drug resistance. In our method developed, rubusoside nanomicelles delivers fluorescence N-[6-[(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino]hexanoyl]-d-erythro-sphingosine (NBD C6-ceramide) into mice, tissues uptake the cell-permeable substrate, and GCS converts it into NBD C6-glucosylceramide in all organs simultaneously. Further, HPLC analyzes the extracted NBD C6-glucosylceramide to assess alterations of the in-vivo GCS activities in tissues. This method can be broadly used to assess the in-vivo GCS activities in any kind of animal models to appreciate either the role GCS plays in diseases or the therapeutic efficacies of GCS inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartik R Roy
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA
| | - Sachin K Khiste
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA
| | - Zhijun Liu
- School of Renewable Resources, Louisiana State University Agriculture Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Yong-Yu Liu
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA
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19
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Montani DA, Braga DPDAF, Borges E, Camargo M, Cordeiro FB, Pilau EJ, Gozzo FC, Fraietta R, Lo Turco EG. Understanding mechanisms of oocyte development by follicular fluid lipidomics. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019; 36:1003-1011. [PMID: 31011990 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01428-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed to provide a non-invasive approach to studying mechanisms responsible for oocyte development. METHODS To this end, follicular fluid (FF) from 62 patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles was split into two groups depending on the pregnancy outcome: pregnant (n = 28) and non-pregnant (n = 34) groups. Data were acquired by the MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were applied to the data set. A ROC curve, to predict success rate, was constructed, and the lipids were attributed. RESULTS Six ions were differentially represented in FF of pregnant and non-pregnant patients, with an area under the curve of 0.962. Phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylglycerol, and triacylglycerol were hyper-represented in the pregnant group, while glucosylceramide was hyper-represented in the non-pregnant group. Enriched functions related to these lipids are steroidogenesis, cellular response, signal transduction, cell cycle, and activation of protein kinase C for the pregnant group and apoptosis inhibition for the non-pregnant group. CONCLUSION Human FF fingerprinting can both improve the understanding concerning mechanisms responsible for oocyte development and its effect on embryo implantation potential and assist in the management of IVF cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Antunes Montani
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Human Reproduction Section, Sao Paulo Federal University, Rua Embau, 231, CEP: 04039-060, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela Paes de Almeida Ferreira Braga
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Human Reproduction Section, Sao Paulo Federal University, Rua Embau, 231, CEP: 04039-060, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. .,Fertility Medical Group, Av. Brigadeiro Luiz Antônio, 4545, CEP: 04511-010, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Edson Borges
- Fertility Medical Group, Av. Brigadeiro Luiz Antônio, 4545, CEP: 04511-010, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Camargo
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Human Reproduction Section, Sao Paulo Federal University, Rua Embau, 231, CEP: 04039-060, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Bertuccez Cordeiro
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Human Reproduction Section, Sao Paulo Federal University, Rua Embau, 231, CEP: 04039-060, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Laboratorio para Investigaciones Biomédicas, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Km. 30.5 Via Perimetral, CEP: 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Eduardo Jorge Pilau
- Department of Chemistry, Maringa State University, Avenida Colombo, 5790, CEP: 87020-900, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Fábio Cesar Gozzo
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, R. Josué de Castro, 126, CEP: 13083-861, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Renato Fraietta
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Human Reproduction Section, Sao Paulo Federal University, Rua Embau, 231, CEP: 04039-060, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Edson Guimarães Lo Turco
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Human Reproduction Section, Sao Paulo Federal University, Rua Embau, 231, CEP: 04039-060, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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20
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Snider JM, Trayssac M, Clarke CJ, Schwartz N, Snider AJ, Obeid LM, Luberto C, Hannun YA. Multiple actions of doxorubicin on the sphingolipid network revealed by flux analysis. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:819-831. [PMID: 30573560 PMCID: PMC6446699 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m089714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids (SLs) have been implicated in numerous important cellular biologies; however, their study has been hindered by the complexities of SL metabolism. Furthermore, enzymes of SL metabolism represent a dynamic and interconnected network in which one metabolite can be transformed into other bioactive SLs through further metabolism, resulting in diverse cellular responses. Here we explore the effects of both lethal and sublethal doses of doxorubicin (Dox) in MCF-7 cells. The two concentrations of Dox resulted in the regulation of SLs, including accumulations in sphingosine, sphingosine-1-phosphate, dihydroceramide, and ceramide, as well as reduced levels of hexosylceramide. To further define the effects of Dox on SLs, metabolic flux experiments utilizing a d17 dihydrosphingosine probe were conducted. Results indicated the regulation of ceramidases and sphingomyelin synthase components specifically in response to the cytostatic dose. The results also unexpectedly demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of dihydroceramide desaturase and glucosylceramide synthase in response to Dox. Taken together, this study uncovers novel targets in the SL network for the action of Dox, and the results reveal the significant complexity of SL response to even a single agent. This approach helps to define the role of specific SL enzymes, their metabolic products, and the resulting biologies in response to chemotherapeutics and other stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Snider
- Molecular and Cellular Biology and Biochemistry and Structural Biology Graduate Program, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY; Departments of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY; Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Magali Trayssac
- Departments of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY; Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Christopher J Clarke
- Departments of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY; Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Nicholas Schwartz
- Departments of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY; Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Ashley J Snider
- Departments of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY; Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY; Northport Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, NY
| | - Lina M Obeid
- Departments of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY; Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY; Northport Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, NY
| | - Chiara Luberto
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY; Departments of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY.
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Departments of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY; Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY; Departments of Biochemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY; Departments of Pharmacology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY; Departments of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY.
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21
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Purwaha P, Gu F, Piyarathna DWB, Rajendiran T, Ravindran A, Omilian AR, Jiralerspong S, Das G, Morrison C, Ambrosone C, Coarfa C, Putluri N, Sreekumar A. Unbiased Lipidomic Profiling of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Tissues Reveals the Association of Sphingomyelin Levels with Patient Disease-Free Survival. Metabolites 2018; 8:metabo8030041. [PMID: 30011843 PMCID: PMC6161031 DOI: 10.3390/metabo8030041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The reprogramming of lipid metabolism is a hallmark of many cancers that has been shown to promote breast cancer progression. While several lipid signatures associated with breast cancer aggressiveness have been identified, a comprehensive lipidomic analysis specifically targeting the triple-negative subtype of breast cancer (TNBC) may be required to identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for this most aggressive subtype of breast cancer that still lacks effective therapies. In this current study, our global LC-MS-based lipidomics platform was able to measure 684 named lipids across 15 lipid classes in 70 TNBC tumors. Multivariate survival analysis found that higher levels of sphingomyelins were significantly associated with better disease-free survival in TNBC patients. Furthermore, analysis of publicly available gene expression datasets identified that decreased production of ceramides and increased accumulation of sphingoid base intermediates by metabolic enzymes were associated with better survival outcomes in TNBC patients. Our LC-MS lipidomics profiling of TNBC tumors has, for the first time, identified sphingomyelins as a potential prognostic marker and implicated enzymes involved in sphingolipid metabolism as candidate therapeutic targets that warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Purwaha
- Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Franklin Gu
- Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- Verna and Mars McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | | | | | - Anindita Ravindran
- Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Angela R Omilian
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | - Sao Jiralerspong
- Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Gokul Das
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | - Carl Morrison
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | | | - Cristian Coarfa
- Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Nagireddy Putluri
- Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Arun Sreekumar
- Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- Verna and Mars McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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22
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Abstract
Chemotherapy resistance, inherent or acquired, represents a serious barrier to the successful treatment of cancer. Although drug efflux, conducted by plasma membrane-resident proteins, detoxification enzymes, cell death inhibition, and DNA damage repair are ensemble players in this unwanted biology, a full understanding of the many in concert molecular mechanisms driving drug resistance is lacking. Recent discoveries in sphingolipid (SL) metabolism have provided significant insight into the role of these lipids in cancer growth; however, considerably less is known with respect to SLs and the drug-resistant phenotype. One exception here is enhanced ceramide glycosylation, a hallmark of multidrug resistance that is believed responsible, in part, for diminishing ceramides tumor-suppressor potential. This chapter will review various aspects of SL biology that relate to chemotherapy resistance and extend this topic to acknowledge the role of chemotherapy selection pressure in promoting dysregulated SL metabolism, a characteristic in cancer and an exploitable target for therapy.
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23
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Wegner MS, Gruber L, Mattjus P, Geisslinger G, Grösch S. The UDP-glucose ceramide glycosyltransferase (UGCG) and the link to multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1). BMC Cancer 2018; 18:153. [PMID: 29409484 PMCID: PMC5801679 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4084-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The UDP-glucose ceramide glycosyltransferase (UGCG) is a key enzyme in the sphingolipid metabolism by generating glucosylceramide (GlcCer), the precursor for all glycosphingolipids (GSL), which are essential for proper cell function. Interestingly, the UGCG is also overexpressed in several cancer types and correlates with multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) gene expression. This membrane protein is responsible for efflux of toxic substances and protects cancer cells from cell damage through chemotherapeutic agents. Studies showed a connection between UGCG and MDR1 overexpression and multidrug resistance development, but the precise underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here, we give an overview about the UGCG and its connection to MDR1 in multidrug resistant cells. Furthermore, we focus on UGCG transcriptional regulation, the impact of UGCG on cellular signaling pathways and the effect of UGCG and MDR1 on the lipid composition of membranes and how this could influence multidrug resistance development. To our knowledge, this is the first review presenting an overview about UGCG with focus on the relationship to MDR1 in the process of multidrug resistance development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marthe-Susanna Wegner
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, House 74, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Lisa Gruber
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, House 74, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Peter Mattjus
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Artillerigatan 6A, III, BioCity, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, House 74, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sabine Grösch
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, House 74, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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24
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Liu J, Zhang X, Liu A, Zhang D, Su Y, Liu Y, You D, Yuan L, Kong X, Wang X, Sun P. Altered methylation of glucosylceramide synthase promoter regulates its expression and associates with acquired multidrug resistance in invasive ductal breast cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:36755-36766. [PMID: 27191984 PMCID: PMC5095037 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) increases multidrug resistance (MDR) in many cancer cells. However, its mechanism is unknown. The aim of the present study is to detect the association of methylation at the GCS gene promoter with its expression and MDR in invasive ductal breast cancer. 40 cases GCS-positive and 40 cases GCS-negative primary breast carcinoma samples, three drug-sensitive breast cancer cell lines and one multidrug-resistant breast cancer cell line were used. Immunohistochemistry, methylation-specific PCR (MSP), quantitative real-time (qPCR), westernblot and cytotoxicity assay techniques were employed. Thwe results revealed that there was a statistically negative correlation between GCS CpG islands methylation and GCS phenotype in patients with breast cancer. GCS CpG islands methylation was negatively associated with high ER, meanwhile positively with high HER-2 status. Similar results were obtained from the analysis of breast cancer cell lines. Treatment with the demethylating agent 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-dc) changed the GCS promoter methylation pattern in three sensitive cells and also caused increased drug resistance of them. These results suggested that the changes of DNA methylation status of the GCS promoter correlates with multidrug resistance in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiannan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China
| | - Aina Liu
- Department of Oncology, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, P. R. China
| | - Daoping Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, P. R. China
| | - Yi Su
- Department of Oncology, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, P. R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Oncology, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, P. R. China
| | - Dong You
- Department of Oncology, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, P. R. China
| | - Leilei Yuan
- Department of Radiology, Taian Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong, 271000, P. R. China
| | - Xiangshuo Kong
- Department of Oncology, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, P. R. China
| | - Ping Sun
- Department of Oncology, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, P. R. China
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25
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Azevedo R, Peixoto A, Gaiteiro C, Fernandes E, Neves M, Lima L, Santos LL, Ferreira JA. Over forty years of bladder cancer glycobiology: Where do glycans stand facing precision oncology? Oncotarget 2017; 8:91734-91764. [PMID: 29207682 PMCID: PMC5710962 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The high molecular heterogeneity of bladder tumours is responsible for significant variations in disease course, as well as elevated recurrence and progression rates, thereby hampering the introduction of more effective targeted therapeutics. The implementation of precision oncology settings supported by robust molecular models for individualization of patient management is warranted. This effort requires a comprehensive integration of large sets of panomics data that is yet to be fully achieved. Contributing to this goal, over 40 years of bladder cancer glycobiology have disclosed a plethora of cancer-specific glycans and glycoconjugates (glycoproteins, glycolipids, proteoglycans) accompanying disease progressions and dissemination. This review comprehensively addresses the main structural findings in the field and consequent biological and clinical implications. Given the cell surface and secreted nature of these molecules, we further discuss their potential for non-invasive detection and therapeutic development. Moreover, we highlight novel mass-spectrometry-based high-throughput analytical and bioinformatics tools to interrogate the glycome in the postgenomic era. Ultimately, we outline a roadmap to guide future developments in glycomics envisaging clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Azevedo
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Peixoto
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- New Therapies Group, INEB-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristiana Gaiteiro
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Fernandes
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Biomaterials for Multistage Drug and Cell Delivery, INEB-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Neves
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Lima
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Alexandre Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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26
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Lee WK, Kolesnick RN. Sphingolipid abnormalities in cancer multidrug resistance: Chicken or egg? Cell Signal 2017; 38:134-145. [PMID: 28687494 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The cancer multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype encompasses a myriad of molecular, genetic and cellular alterations resulting from progressive oncogenic transformation and selection. Drug efflux transporters, in particular the MDR P-glycoprotein ABCB1, play an important role in MDR but cannot confer the complete phenotype alone indicating parallel alterations are prerequisite. Sphingolipids are essential constituents of lipid raft domains and directly participate in functionalization of transmembrane proteins, including providing an optimal lipid microenvironment for multidrug transporters, and are also perturbed in cancer. Here we postulate that increased sphingomyelin content, developing early in some cancers, recruits and functionalizes plasma membrane ABCB1 conferring a state of partial MDR, which is completed by glycosphingolipid disturbance and the appearance of intracellular vesicular ABCB1. In this review, the independent and interdependent roles of sphingolipid alterations and ABCB1 upregulation during the transformation process and resultant conferment of partial and complete MDR phenotypes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing-Kee Lee
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Sloan Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, United States; Institute for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Toxicology, Centre for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.
| | - Richard N Kolesnick
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Sloan Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, United States
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27
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Incorporation of Fluorescence Ceramide-Based HPLC Assay for Rapidly and Efficiently Assessing Glucosylceramide Synthase In Vivo. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2976. [PMID: 28592871 PMCID: PMC5462733 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03320-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) is a rate-limiting enzyme catalyzing ceramide glycosylation, thereby regulating cellular ceramide levels and the synthesis of glycosphingolipids (GSLs) in cellular membranes. Alterations of GCS not only affect membrane integrity, but also closely correlate with stem cell pluripotency, cancer drug resistance, GSL storage disorders and other diseases. Enzyme activities measured conventionally with currently available ex-vivo methods do not enable reliable assessment of the roles played by GCS in vivo. We report herein a substrate-incorporation method enabling rapid and efficient assessment of GCS in-vivo activity. Upon nanoparticle-based delivery, fluorescent NBD C6-ceramide was efficiently converted to NBD C6-glucosylceramide in live cells or in mouse tissues, whereupon an HPLC assay enabled detection and quantification of NBD C6-glucosylceramide in the low-femtomolar range. The enzyme kinetics of GCS in live cells and mouse liver were well-described by the Michaelis-Menten model. GCS activities were significantly higher in drug-resistant cancer cells and in tumors overexpressing GCS, but reduced after silencing GCS expression or inhibiting this enzyme. Our studies indicate that this rapid and efficient method provides a valuable means for accurately assessing the roles played by GCS in normal vs. pathological states, including ones involving cancer drug resistance.
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28
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Abstract
Development of novel drug-delivery systems aims to specifically deliver anticancer drugs to tumor tissues and improve the efficiency of chemotherapy, while minimizing side effects of drugs on healthy tissues and organs. However, drug-delivery systems are confronted by membrane barriers and multiple drug resistance in cancer cells. In recent years, the obtained results indicate an important role of lipids, proteins and carbohydrates in apoptosis, drug transport and the process of cellular uptake of nanoparticles via endocytosis. This article discusses the hypothesis of the relationship between cell membrane structure and nanoparticles in cancer cells.
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29
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Morad SAF, Ryan TE, Neufer PD, Zeczycki TN, Davis TS, MacDougall MR, Fox TE, Tan SF, Feith DJ, Loughran TP, Kester M, Claxton DF, Barth BM, Deering TG, Cabot MC. Ceramide-tamoxifen regimen targets bioenergetic elements in acute myelogenous leukemia. J Lipid Res 2016; 57:1231-42. [PMID: 27140664 PMCID: PMC4918852 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m067389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of our study was to determine the mechanism of action of the short-chain ceramide analog, C6-ceramide, and the breast cancer drug, tamoxifen, which we show coactively depress viability and induce apoptosis in human acute myelogenous leukemia cells. Exposure to the C6-ceramide-tamoxifen combination elicited decreases in mitochondrial membrane potential and complex I respiration, increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS), and release of mitochondrial proapoptotic proteins. Decreases in ATP levels, reduced glycolytic capacity, and reduced expression of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins also resulted. Cytotoxicity of the drug combination was mitigated by exposure to antioxidant. Cells metabolized C6-ceramide by glycosylation and hydrolysis, the latter leading to increases in long-chain ceramides. Tamoxifen potently blocked glycosylation of C6-ceramide and long-chain ceramides. N-desmethyltamoxifen, a poor antiestrogen and the major tamoxifen metabolite in humans, was also effective with C6-ceramide, indicating that traditional antiestrogen pathways are not involved in cellular responses. We conclude that cell death is driven by mitochondrial targeting and ROS generation and that tamoxifen enhances the ceramide effect by blocking its metabolism. As depletion of ATP and targeting the "Warburg effect" represent dynamic metabolic insult, this ceramide-containing combination may be of utility in the treatment of leukemia and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy A F Morad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
| | - Terence E Ryan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
| | - P Darrell Neufer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
| | - Tonya N Zeczycki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
| | - Traci S Davis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
| | - Matthew R MacDougall
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
| | - Todd E Fox
- Cancer Center, Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Su-Fern Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - David J Feith
- Cancer Center, Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine Oncology, Department of Medicine
| | - Thomas P Loughran
- Cancer Center, Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Mark Kester
- Cancer Center, Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine
| | - David F Claxton
- Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA
| | - Brian M Barth
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH
| | - Tye G Deering
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
| | - Myles C Cabot
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
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Astudillo L, Therville N, Colacios C, Ségui B, Andrieu-Abadie N, Levade T. Glucosylceramidases and malignancies in mammals. Biochimie 2016; 125:267-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Su X, Song H, Niu F, Yang K, Kou G, Wang X, Chen H, Li W, Guo S, Li J, Li B, Feng SS, Jiang J, Yin C, Gao J. Co-delivery of doxorubicin and PEGylated C16-ceramide by nanoliposomes for enhanced therapy against multidrug resistance. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:2033-50. [PMID: 26084553 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To develop novel nanoliposomes (Lip-ADR-Cer) codelivering doxorubicin (ADR) and PEGylated C16 ceramide (PEG-ceramide C16) to overcome multidrug resistance. Materials & methods: The antitumor activity and mechanism of Lip-ADR-Cer were evaluated. Results & conclusion: The IC50 of Lip-ADR-Cer after 48-h treatment with the MCF-7/ADR and HL-60/ADR cancer cells, both being ADR resistant, was 2.2- and 1.4-fold effective respectively versus the general nanoliposomes with no PEG-ceramide C16 (Lip-ADR). The antitumor assay in mice bearing MCF-7/ADR or HL-60/ADR xenograft tumors confirmed the superior antitumor activity of Lip-ADR-Cer over Lip-ADR. We found that the improved therapeutic effect of Lip-ADR-Cer may be attributed to both of the cytotoxic effect of PEG-ceramide C16 and glucosylceramide synthase overexpression in multidrug resistance cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Su
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hao Song
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
- College of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, 1 Hu'nan Road, Liaocheng, Shandong 25200, PR China
- Centre for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, 67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng, Shangdong 252000, China
| | - Fangfang Niu
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Kaixuan Yang
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Geng Kou
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
- College of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, 1 Hu'nan Road, Liaocheng, Shandong 25200, PR China
| | - Xiaohang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Huaiwen Chen
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wei Li
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
- College of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, 1 Hu'nan Road, Liaocheng, Shandong 25200, PR China
| | - Shangjing Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, 1 Hu'nan Road, Liaocheng, Shandong 25200, PR China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, 1 Hu'nan Road, Liaocheng, Shandong 25200, PR China
| | - Bohua Li
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
- College of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, 1 Hu'nan Road, Liaocheng, Shandong 25200, PR China
| | - Si-shen Feng
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E5, 02–11, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore
- Suzhou NanoStar Biopharm Inc Ltd, BioBay, Bld B2, Unit 604, 218 Xing-Hu Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianxin Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hubei Province Tumor Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Chuan Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Jie Gao
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
- College of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, 1 Hu'nan Road, Liaocheng, Shandong 25200, PR China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
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Kitatani K, Taniguchi M, Okazaki T. Role of Sphingolipids and Metabolizing Enzymes in Hematological Malignancies. Mol Cells 2015; 38:482-95. [PMID: 25997737 PMCID: PMC4469906 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2015.0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids such as ceramide, sphingosine-1-phosphate and sphingomyelin have been emerging as bioactive lipids since ceramide was reported to play a role in human leukemia HL-60 cell differentiation and death. Recently, it is well-known that ceramide acts as an inducer of cell death, that sphingomyelin works as a regulator for microdomain function of the cell membrane, and that sphingosine-1-phosphate plays a role in cell survival/proliferation. The lipids are metabolized by the specific enzymes, and each metabolite could be again returned to the original form by the reverse action of the different enzyme or after a long journey of many metabolizing/synthesizing pathways. In addition, the metabolites may serve as reciprocal bio-modulators like the rheostat between ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate. Therefore, the change of lipid amount in the cells, the subcellular localization and the downstream signal in a specific subcellular organelle should be clarified to understand the pathobiological significance of sphingolipids when extracellular stimulation induces a diverse of cell functions such as cell death, proliferation and migration. In this review, we focus on how sphingolipids and their metabolizing enzymes cooperatively exert their function in proliferation, migration, autophagy and death of hematopoetic cells, and discuss the way developing a novel therapeutic device through the regulation of sphingolipids for effectively inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing cell death in hematological malignancies such as leukemia, malignant lymphoma and multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyuki Kitatani
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Sendai,
Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai,
Japan
| | - Makoto Taniguchi
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293,
Japan
| | - Toshiro Okazaki
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293,
Japan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Immunology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293,
Japan
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Di Bartolomeo S, Agostini A, Spinedi A. Differential apoptotic effect and metabolism of N-acetylsphingosine and N-hexanoylsphingosine in CHP-100 human neurotumor cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 458:456-461. [PMID: 25656578 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.01.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The cytotoxic effects of N-acetylsphingosine (C2-Cer) and N-hexanoylsphingosine (C6-Cer) were compared together with their specific intracellular accumulation profiles and metabolism in human CHP-100 neuroepithelioma cells. The two short-chain ceramides, administered in the culture medium at an equimolar concentration, evoked a differential apoptotic response, with C6-Cer showing markedly more cytotoxic than C2-Cer. Apoptosis, that was suppressed in both cases by inhibition of caspase-9, but not of caspase-8, associated with a higher intracellular accumulation of C6-Cer over C2-Cer, notwithstanding C6-Cer was actively metabolized by direct glucosylation or by conversion to natural ceramide via the sphingosine salvage pathway, whereas C2-Cer was apparently metabolically inhert. C2-Cer cytotoxicity was markedly enhanced by increasing its concentration in the culture medium, and this response associated with a higher intracellular accumulation of this compound, in the absence of any natural ceramide elevation. These results support the notion that the differential apoptotic effect evoked by C2-Cer and C6-Cer in CHP-100 cells is driven by their differential intracellular accumulation profiles, but not by their differential property to generate natural ceramide via the sphingosine salvage pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Di Bartolomeo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Agostini
- Department of Biology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Spinedi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy.
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Comprehensive lipid profiling of plasma in patients with benign breast tumor and breast cancer reveals novel biomarkers. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:5065-77. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8484-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Abdel Shakor AB, Atia M, Ismail IA, Alshehri A, El-Refaey H, Kwiatkowska K, Sobota A. Curcumin induces apoptosis of multidrug-resistant human leukemia HL60 cells by complex pathways leading to ceramide accumulation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2014; 1841:1672-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Wang Q, Zou J, Zhang X, Mu H, Yin Y, Xie P. Glucosylceramide synthase promotes Bcl-2 expression via the ERK signaling pathway in the K562/A02 leukemia drug-resistant cell line. Int J Hematol 2014; 100:559-66. [PMID: 25281403 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-014-1679-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) to chemotherapeutic agents is a major obstacle to curative treatment of cancer. In various types of cancers, overexpression of glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) has been observed to be associated with MDR, thus making GCS a target for reversal of resistance. Our previous work demonstrated that GCS and Bcl-2 are co-overexpressed in the K562/A02 leukemia multidrug-resistant cell line compared with its sensitive counterpart, K562. In the present study, we investigated the effects of GCS on apoptosis in K562/A02 and the associated molecular mechanisms. Our results indicate that the inhibition of GCS caused downregulation of Bcl-2 as well as apoptosis enhancement in response to ADM via the ERK pathway, while JNK or p38 MAPK signaling appeared to play less significant roles in the regulation of apoptosis and MDR in K562/A02 cells. Targeting GCS by siRNA also enhanced ceramide accumulation, which is involved in GCS knockdown-induced inhibition of ERK activation and Bcl-2 expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Central Laboratory, Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Gutiérrez-Iglesias G, Hurtado Y, Palma-Lara I, López-Marure R. Resistance to the antiproliferative effect induced by a short-chain ceramide is associated with an increase of glucosylceramide synthase, P-glycoprotein, and multidrug-resistance gene-1 in cervical cancer cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2014; 74:809-17. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-014-2552-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Don AS, Lim XY, Couttas TA. Re-configuration of sphingolipid metabolism by oncogenic transformation. Biomolecules 2014; 4:315-53. [PMID: 24970218 PMCID: PMC4030989 DOI: 10.3390/biom4010315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The sphingolipids are one of the major lipid families in eukaryotes, incorporating a diverse array of structural variants that exert a powerful influence over cell fate and physiology. Increased expression of sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1), which catalyses the synthesis of the pro-survival, pro-angiogenic metabolite sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), is well established as a hallmark of multiple cancers. Metabolic alterations that reduce levels of the pro-apoptotic lipid ceramide, particularly its glucosylation by glucosylceramide synthase (GCS), have frequently been associated with cancer drug resistance. However, the simple notion that the balance between ceramide and S1P, often referred to as the sphingolipid rheostat, dictates cell survival contrasts with recent studies showing that highly potent and selective SPHK1 inhibitors do not affect cancer cell proliferation or survival, and studies demonstrating higher ceramide levels in some metastatic cancers. Recent reports have implicated other sphingolipid metabolic enzymes such as acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) more strongly in cancer pathogenesis, and highlight lysosomal sphingolipid metabolism as a possible weak point for therapeutic targeting in cancer. This review describes the evidence implicating different sphingolipid metabolic enzymes and their products in cancer pathogenesis, and suggests how newer systems-level approaches may improve our overall understanding of how oncogenic transformation reconfigures sphingolipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony S Don
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Xin Y Lim
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Timothy A Couttas
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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Abstract
Ceramide serves as a central mediator in sphingolipid metabolism and signaling pathways, regulating many fundamental cellular responses. It is referred to as a 'tumor suppressor lipid', since it powerfully potentiates signaling events that drive apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and autophagic responses. In the typical cancer cell, ceramide levels and signaling are usually suppressed by overexpression of ceramide-metabolizing enzymes or downregulation of ceramide-generating enzymes. However, chemotherapeutic drugs as well as radiotherapy increase intracellular ceramide levels, while exogenously treating cancer cells with short-chain ceramides leads to anticancer effects. All evidence currently points to the fact that the upregulation of ceramide levels is a promising anticancer strategy. In this review, we exhibit many anticancer ceramide analogs as downstream receptor agonists and ceramide-metabolizing enzyme inhibitors.
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Liu J, Sun P, Sun Y, Liu A, You D, Jiang F, Sun Y. Expression of glucosylceramide synthase in invasive ductal breast cancer may be correlated with high estrogen receptor status and low HER-2 status. Diagn Pathol 2014; 9:22. [PMID: 24456584 PMCID: PMC3976100 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-9-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Virtual slides The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1559854430111589.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuping Sun
- Department of Oncology, Jinan Central Hospital, Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P R China.
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Peetla C, Vijayaraghavalu S, Labhasetwar V. Biophysics of cell membrane lipids in cancer drug resistance: Implications for drug transport and drug delivery with nanoparticles. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1686-98. [PMID: 24055719 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we focus on the biophysics of cell membrane lipids, particularly when cancers develop acquired drug resistance, and how biophysical changes in resistant cell membrane influence drug transport and nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery. Recent advances in membrane lipid research show the varied roles of lipids in regulating membrane P-glycoprotein function, membrane trafficking, apoptotic pathways, drug transport, and endocytic functions, particularly endocytosis, the primary mechanism of cellular uptake of nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems. Since acquired drug resistance alters lipid biosynthesis, understanding the role of lipids in cell membrane biophysics and its effect on drug transport is critical for developing effective therapeutic and drug delivery approaches to overcome drug resistance. Here we discuss novel strategies for (a) modulating the biophysical properties of membrane lipids of resistant cells to facilitate drug transport and regain endocytic function and (b) developing effective nanoparticles based on their biophysical interactions with membrane lipids to enhance drug delivery and overcome drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiranjeevi Peetla
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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Gupta V, Liu YY. New Insights on Glucosylceramide Synthase in Cancer Drug Resistance and Myelosuppression. BIOCHEMISTRY & PHARMACOLOGY : OPEN ACCESS 2013; 2. [PMID: 25401049 PMCID: PMC4229685 DOI: 10.4172/2167-0501.1000120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Gupta
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, LA 71209, USA
| | - Yong-Yu Liu
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, LA 71209, USA
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García-Barros M, Coant N, Truman JP, Snider AJ, Hannun YA. Sphingolipids in colon cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2013; 1841:773-82. [PMID: 24060581 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the major causes of death in the western world. Despite increasing knowledge of the molecular signaling pathways implicated in colon cancer, therapeutic outcomes are still only moderately successful. Sphingolipids, a family of N-acyl linked lipids, have not only structural functions but are also implicated in important biological functions. Ceramide, sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate are the most important bioactive lipids, and they regulate several key cellular functions. Accumulating evidence suggests that many cancers present alterations in sphingolipids and their metabolizing enzymes. The aim of this review is to discuss the emerging roles of sphingolipids, both endogenous and dietary, in colon cancer and the interaction of sphingolipids with WNT/β-catenin pathway, one of the most important signaling cascades that regulate development and homeostasis in intestine. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled New Frontiers in Sphingolipid Biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica García-Barros
- Department of Medicine and the Stony Brook Cancer Center, Health Science Center, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, T15, 023, 11794, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| | - Nicolas Coant
- Department of Medicine and the Stony Brook Cancer Center, Health Science Center, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, T15, 023, 11794, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| | - Jean-Philip Truman
- Department of Medicine and the Stony Brook Cancer Center, Health Science Center, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, T15, 023, 11794, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| | - Ashley J Snider
- VAMC Northport, 79 Middleville Road, Northport, NY, USA, Health Science Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Department of Medicine and the Stony Brook Cancer Center, Health Science Center, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, T15, 023, 11794, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
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The impact of sphingosine kinase-1 in head and neck cancer. Biomolecules 2013; 3:481-513. [PMID: 24970177 PMCID: PMC4030949 DOI: 10.3390/biom3030481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has a high reoccurrence rate and an extremely low survival rate. There is limited availability of effective therapies to reduce the rate of recurrence, resulting in high morbidity and mortality of advanced cases. Late presentation, delay in detection of lesions, and a high rate of metastasis make HNSCC a devastating disease. This review offers insight into the role of sphingosine kinase-1 (SphK1), a key enzyme in sphingolipid metabolism, in HNSCC. Sphingolipids not only play a structural role in cellular membranes, but also modulate cell signal transduction pathways to influence biological outcomes such as senescence, differentiation, apoptosis, migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis. SphK1 is a critical regulator of the delicate balance between proliferation and apoptosis. The highest expression of SphK1 is found in the advanced stage of disease, and there is a positive correlation between SphK1 expression and recurrent tumors. On the other hand, silencing SphK1 reduces HNSCC tumor growth and sensitizes tumors to radiation-induced death. Thus, SphK1 plays an important and influential role in determining HNSCC proliferation and metastasis. We discuss roles of SphK1 and other sphingolipids in HNSCC development and therapeutic strategies against HNSCC.
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Liu YY, Hill RA, Li YT. Ceramide glycosylation catalyzed by glucosylceramide synthase and cancer drug resistance. Adv Cancer Res 2013; 117:59-89. [PMID: 23290777 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394274-6.00003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glucosylceramide synthase (GCS), converting ceramide to glucosylceramide, catalyzes the first reaction of ceramide glycosylation in sphingolipid metabolism. This glycosylation by GCS is a critical step regulating the modulation of cellular activities by controlling ceramide and glycosphingolipids (GSLs). An increase of ceramide in response to stresses, such as chemotherapy, drives cells to proliferation arrest and apoptosis or autophagy; however, ceramide glycosylation promptly eliminates ceramide and consequently, these induced processes, thus protecting cancer cells. Further, persistently enhanced ceramide glycosylation can increase GSLs, participating in selecting cancer cells to drug resistance. GCS is overexpressed in diverse drug-resistant cancer cells and in tumors of breast, colon, and leukemia that display poor response to chemotherapy. As ceramide glycosylation by GCS is a rate-limiting step in GSL synthesis, inhibition of GCS sensitizes cancer cells to anticancer drugs and eradicates cancer stem cells. Mechanistic studies indicate that uncoupling ceramide glycosylation can modulate gene expression, decreasing MDR1 through the cSrc/β-catenin pathway and restoring p53 expression via RNA splicing. These studies not only expand our knowledge in understanding how ceramide glycosylation affects cancer cells but also provide novel therapeutic approaches for targeting refractory tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Yu Liu
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA.
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Gramatzki D, Herrmann C, Happold C, Becker KA, Gulbins E, Weller M, Tabatabai G. Glioma cell death induced by irradiation or alkylating agent chemotherapy is independent of the intrinsic ceramide pathway. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63527. [PMID: 23667632 PMCID: PMC3646759 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Resistance to genotoxic therapy is a characteristic feature of glioma cells. Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) hydrolyzes sphingomyelin to ceramide and glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) catalyzes ceramide metabolism. Increased ceramide levels have been suggested to enhance chemotherapy-induced death of cancer cells. METHODS Microarray and clinical data for ASM and GCS in astrocytomas WHO grade II-IV were acquired from the Rembrandt database. Moreover, the glioblastoma database of the Cancer Genome Atlas network (TCGA) was used for survival data of glioblastoma patients. For in vitro studies, increases in ceramide levels were achieved either by ASM overexpression or by the GCS inhibitor DL-threo-1-phenyl-2-palmitoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol (PPMP) in human glioma cell lines. Combinations of alkylating chemotherapy or irradiation and ASM overexpression, PPMP or exogenous ceramide were applied in parental cells. The anti-glioma effects were investigated by assessing proliferation, metabolic activity, viability and clonogenicity. Finally, viability and clonogenicity were assessed in temozolomide (TMZ)-resistant cells upon treatment with PPMP, exogenous ceramide, alkylating chemotherapy, irradiation or their combinations. RESULTS Interrogations from the Rembrandt and TCGA database showed a better survival of glioblastoma patients with low expression of ASM or GCS. ASM overexpression or PPMP treatment alone led to ceramide accumulation but did not enhance the anti-glioma activity of alkylating chemotherapy or irradiation. PPMP or exogenous ceramide induced acute cytotoxicity in glioblastoma cells. Combined treatments with chemotherapy or irradiation led to additive, but not synergistic effects. Finally, no synergy was found when TMZ-resistant cells were treated with exogenous ceramide or PPMP alone or in combination with TMZ or irradiation. CONCLUSION Modulation of intrinsic glioma cell ceramide levels by ASM overexpression or GCS inhibition does not enhance the anti-glioma activity of alkylating chemotherapy or irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothee Gramatzki
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Herrmann
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Caroline Happold
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katrin Anne Becker
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Weller
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ghazaleh Tabatabai
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Jennemann R, Gröne HJ. Cell-specific in vivo functions of glycosphingolipids: lessons from genetic deletions of enzymes involved in glycosphingolipid synthesis. Prog Lipid Res 2013; 52:231-48. [PMID: 23473748 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2013.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are believed to be involved in many cellular events including trafficking, signaling and cellular interactions. Over the past decade considerable progress was made elucidating the function of GSLs by generating and exploring animal models with GSL-deficiency. Initial studies focused on exploring the role of complex sialic acid containing GSLs (gangliosides) in neuronal tissue. Although complex gangliosides were absent, surprisingly, the phenotype observed was rather mild. In subsequent studies, several mouse models with combinations of gene-deletions encoding GSL-synthesizing enzymes were developed. The results indicated that reduction of GSL-complexity correlated with severity of phenotypes. However, in these mice, accumulation of precursor GSLs or neobiosynthesized GSL-series seemed to partly compensate the loss of GSLs. Thus, UDP-glucose:ceramide glucosyltransferase (Ugcg), catalyzing the basic step of the glucosylceramide-based GSL-biosynthesis, was genetically disrupted. A total systemic deletion of Ugcg caused early embryonic lethality. Therefore, Ugcg was eliminated in a cell-specific manner using the cre/loxP-system. New insights into the cellular function of GSLs were gained. It was demonstrated that neurons require GSLs for differentiation and maintenance. In keratinocytes, preservation of the skin barrier depends on GSL synthesis and in enterocytes of the small intestine GSLs are involved in endocytosis and vesicular transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Jennemann
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Plant sterols as anticancer nutrients: evidence for their role in breast cancer. Nutrients 2013; 5:359-87. [PMID: 23434903 PMCID: PMC3635199 DOI: 10.3390/nu5020359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Revised: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
While many factors are involved in the etiology of cancer, it has been clearly established that diet significantly impacts one’s risk for this disease. More recently, specific food components have been identified which are uniquely beneficial in mitigating the risk of specific cancer subtypes. Plant sterols are well known for their effects on blood cholesterol levels, however research into their potential role in mitigating cancer risk remains in its infancy. As outlined in this review, the cholesterol modulating actions of plant sterols may overlap with their anti-cancer actions. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy affecting women and there remains a need for effective adjuvant therapies for this disease, for which plant sterols may play a distinctive role.
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Metronomic ceramide analogs inhibit angiogenesis in pancreatic cancer through up-regulation of caveolin-1 and thrombospondin-1 and down-regulation of cyclin D1. Neoplasia 2013; 14:833-45. [PMID: 23019415 DOI: 10.1593/neo.12772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2012] [Revised: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the antitumor and antiangiogenic activity of metronomic ceramide analogs and their relevant molecular mechanisms. METHODS Human endothelial cells [human dermal microvascular endothelial cells and human umbilical vascular endothelial cell (HUVEC)] and pancreatic cancer cells (Capan-1 and MIA PaCa-2) were treated with the ceramide analogs (C2, AL6, C6, and C8), at low concentrations for 144 hours to evaluate any antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects and inhibition of migration and to measure the expression of caveolin-1 (CAV-1) and thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) mRNAs by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Assessment of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and Akt phosphorylation and of CAV-1 and cyclin D1 protein expression was performed by ELISA. Maximum tolerated dose (MTD) gemcitabine was compared against metronomic doses of the ceramide analogs by evaluating the inhibition of MIA PaCa-2 subcutaneous tumor growth in nude mice. RESULTS Metronomic ceramide analogs preferentially inhibited cell proliferation and enhanced apoptosis in endothelial cells. Low concentrations of AL6 and C2 caused a significant inhibition of HUVEC migration. ERK1/2 and Akt phosphorylation were significantly decreased after metronomic ceramide analog treatment. Such treatment caused the overexpression of CAV-1 and TSP-1 mRNAs and proteins in endothelial cells, whereas cyclin D1 protein levels were reduced. The antiangiogenic and antitumor impact in vivo of metronomic C2 and AL6 regimens was similar to that caused by MTD gemcitabine. CONCLUSIONS Metronomic C2 and AL6 analogs have antitumor and antiangiogenic activity, determining the up-regulation of CAV-1 and TSP-1 and the suppression of cyclin D1.
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Delgado A, Fabriàs G, Casas J, Abad JL. Natural products as platforms for the design of sphingolipid-related anticancer agents. Adv Cancer Res 2013; 117:237-81. [PMID: 23290782 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394274-6.00008-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Modulation of sphingolipid metabolism is a promising strategy for cancer therapy that has already opened innovative approaches for the development of pharmacological tools and rationally designed new drugs. On the other hand, natural products represent a classical and well-established source of chemical diversity that has guided medicinal chemists on the development of new chemical entities with potential therapeutic use. Based on these premises, the aim of this chapter is to provide the reader with a general overview of some of the most representative families of sphingolipid-related natural products that have been described in the recent literature as lead compounds for the design of new modulators of sphingolipid metabolism. Special emphasis is placed on the structural aspects of natural sphingoids and synthetic analogs that have found application as anticancer agents. In addition, their cellular targets and/or their mode of action are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Delgado
- Spanish National Research Council, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules, Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona, Spain.
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