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Mederos-Luis E, Poza-Guedes P, Pineda F, Sánchez-Machín I, González-Pérez R. Gastropod Allergy: A Comprehensive Narrative Review. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:5950-5964. [PMID: 38921026 PMCID: PMC11202862 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Food allergies have increased significantly in recent decades, with shellfish being a leading cause of food allergy and anaphylaxis worldwide, affecting both children and adults. The prevalence of shellfish allergies is estimated to be approximately 0.5-2.5% of the general population, varying significantly by geographical location, age, and consumption habits. Although mollusk consumption has risen, the prevalence of mollusk allergies remains unknown. While extensive research has focused on crustacean allergies, mollusk allergies, particularly those related to gastropods, have received comparatively less attention. Clinical manifestations of shellfish allergy range from localized symptoms to life-threatening systemic reactions, such as anaphylaxis. Notably, severe bronchospasm is a predominant clinical feature in cases involving gastropods. Several allergens have been identified in mollusks, including paramyosin, tropomyosin, and sarcoplasmic calcium-binding protein. In gastropods, documented allergens include tropomyosin, paramyosin, the heavy chain of myosin, and Der p 4 amylase. Diagnosis typically involves a thorough clinical history, skin testing, in vitro quantification of immunoglobulin (Ig) E, and confirmation through an oral challenge, although the latter is reserved for selected cases. This narrative review highlights the limited research on gastropod allergy. It provides a comprehensive list of purified and recombinant allergens and discusses the applications of component-resolved diagnosis as well as current therapeutic developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Mederos-Luis
- Allergy Department, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 Tenerife, Spain; (E.M.-L.); (P.P.-G.); (I.S.-M.)
- Food Allergy Unit, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Paloma Poza-Guedes
- Allergy Department, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 Tenerife, Spain; (E.M.-L.); (P.P.-G.); (I.S.-M.)
- Food Allergy Unit, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 Tenerife, Spain
- Severe Asthma Unit, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (IISC), 38200 Tenerife, Spain
| | | | - Inmaculada Sánchez-Machín
- Allergy Department, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 Tenerife, Spain; (E.M.-L.); (P.P.-G.); (I.S.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (IISC), 38200 Tenerife, Spain
- Allergen Immunotherapy Unit, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ruperto González-Pérez
- Allergy Department, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 Tenerife, Spain; (E.M.-L.); (P.P.-G.); (I.S.-M.)
- Severe Asthma Unit, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (IISC), 38200 Tenerife, Spain
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Shin M, Kang H, Shin KR, Lee R, Kim K, Min K, Cho KN, Sohn EJ, Kim KS, Kim SH, Cho YJ, Park J, Hahn TW. Plant-expressed Zika virus envelope protein elicited protective immunity against the Zika virus in immunocompetent mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22955. [PMID: 38151523 PMCID: PMC10752873 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47428-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus infection causes multiple clinical issues, including Guillain-Barré syndrome and neonatal malformation. Vaccination is considered as the only strategy for the prevention of ZIKV-induced clinical issues. This study developed a plant-based recombinant vaccine that transiently expressed the ZIKV envelope protein (ZikaEnv:aghFc) in Nicotiana benthamiana and evaluated the protective immunity afforded by it in immunocompetent mice. ZikaEnv:aghFc induced both humoral and cellular immunity at a low dose (1-5 μg). This immune-inducing potential was enhanced further when adjuvanted CIA09A. In addition, antigen-specific antibodies and neutralizing antibodies were vertically transferred from immunized females to their progeny and afforded both protective immunity to ZIKV and cross-protection to Dengue virus infection. These results suggest that our plant-based ZIKV vaccine provides a safe and efficient protective strategy with a competitive edge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna Shin
- INNOVAC, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyangju Kang
- BioApplications Inc., Pohang Techno Park Complex, 394 Jigok-Ro Nam-Gu, Pohang, Korea.
| | | | - Rangyeon Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiju Kim
- INNOVAC, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmin Min
- BioApplications Inc., Pohang Techno Park Complex, 394 Jigok-Ro Nam-Gu, Pohang, Korea
| | - Kyou-Nam Cho
- BioApplications Inc., Pohang Techno Park Complex, 394 Jigok-Ro Nam-Gu, Pohang, Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Sohn
- BioApplications Inc., Pohang Techno Park Complex, 394 Jigok-Ro Nam-Gu, Pohang, Korea
| | - Kwang Sung Kim
- EYEGENE Inc., B-1211, 401 Yangcheon-Ro, Gangseo-Gu, Seoul, 07528, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Hyun Kim
- EYEGENE Inc., B-1211, 401 Yangcheon-Ro, Gangseo-Gu, Seoul, 07528, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Je Cho
- EYEGENE Inc., B-1211, 401 Yangcheon-Ro, Gangseo-Gu, Seoul, 07528, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongho Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae-Wook Hahn
- INNOVAC, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Liao J, Wang H, Zhou S, Liu Y, Zhao X, Pan Y. α-Cyano-3-aminocinnamic acid: A novel reactive matrix for qualitative and quantitative analysis of plant N-glycans by MALDI-MS. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1283:341970. [PMID: 37977803 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
N-glycans have a diversity of crucial biological roles in organisms. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) has become an indispensable analytical instrument for biomolecules. However, due to the inherent low abundance, high structural heterogeneity, and poor ionization efficiency of N-glycans, as well as the extremely inhomogeneous co-crystal property using traditional matrices, the qualitation and quantitation of N-glycans by MALDI-MS remains challenging. In the present study, α-cyano-3-aminocinnamic acid (3-CACA) was reasonably designed and synthesized as a novel reactive matrix for N-glycan analysis. Combining with traditional matrix α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) as an acidic catalyst, a combinational matrix 3-CACA/CHCA was obtained with homogeneous co-crystallization and high derivatization efficiency, achieving the sensitive qualitation with the limits of detection low to femtomole and reproducible quantitation with good linearity (R2 > 0.998). As a result, the established method was successfully applied to the on-target derivatization and high-throughput quantification of N-glycans in eight varieties of the peach complex system, indicating that N-glycan has the potential to become a new biomarker for food allergy, and elucidating the prospective correlation between N-glycan epitopes and allergic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancong Liao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China
| | - Huiwen Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China
| | - Shiwen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China
| | - Yaqin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhao
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China.
| | - Yuanjiang Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China.
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Alpuche-Lazcano SP, Stuible M, Akache B, Tran A, Kelly J, Hrapovic S, Robotham A, Haqqani A, Star A, Renner TM, Blouin J, Maltais JS, Cass B, Cui K, Cho JY, Wang X, Zoubchenok D, Dudani R, Duque D, McCluskie MJ, Durocher Y. Preclinical evaluation of manufacturable SARS-CoV-2 spike virus-like particles produced in Chinese Hamster Ovary cells. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2023; 3:116. [PMID: 37612423 PMCID: PMC10447459 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-023-00340-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve, novel vaccines need to be developed that are readily manufacturable and provide clinical efficacy against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. Virus-like particles (VLPs) presenting the spike antigen at their surface offer remarkable benefits over other vaccine antigen formats; however, current SARS-CoV-2 VLP vaccines candidates in clinical development suffer from challenges including low volumetric productivity, poor spike antigen density, expression platform-driven divergent protein glycosylation and complex upstream/downstream processing requirements. Despite their extensive use for therapeutic protein manufacturing and proven ability to produce enveloped VLPs, Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells are rarely used for the commercial production of VLP-based vaccines. METHODS Using CHO cells, we aimed to produce VLPs displaying the full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike. Affinity chromatography was used to capture VLPs released in the culture medium from engineered CHO cells expressing spike. The structure, protein content, and glycosylation of spikes in VLPs were characterized by several biochemical and biophysical methods. In vivo, the generation of neutralizing antibodies and protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection was tested in mouse and hamster models. RESULTS We demonstrate that spike overexpression in CHO cells is sufficient by itself to generate high VLP titers. These VLPs are evocative of the native virus but with at least three-fold higher spike density. In vivo, purified VLPs elicit strong humoral and cellular immunity at nanogram dose levels which grant protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that CHO cells are amenable to efficient manufacturing of high titers of a potently immunogenic spike protein-based VLP vaccine antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio P Alpuche-Lazcano
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Matthew Stuible
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Bassel Akache
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Anh Tran
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - John Kelly
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 100 Sussex Dr, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Sabahudin Hrapovic
- Aquatic and Crop Resources Development Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Anna Robotham
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 100 Sussex Dr, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Arsalan Haqqani
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 100 Sussex Dr, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Alexandra Star
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 100 Sussex Dr, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Tyler M Renner
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Julie Blouin
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Jean-Sébastien Maltais
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Brian Cass
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Kai Cui
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 11421 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2M9, Canada
| | - Jae-Young Cho
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 11421 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2M9, Canada
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 11421 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2M9, Canada
| | - Daria Zoubchenok
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Renu Dudani
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Diana Duque
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Michael J McCluskie
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Yves Durocher
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada.
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Jung JW, Park PG, Lee WK, Shin JH, Jang MH, Seo EH, An T, Kim YB, Moon MH, Choi SK, Yun JS, Hong KJ, Kim SR. Production of Plant-Derived Japanese Encephalitis Virus Multi-Epitope Peptide in Nicotiana benthamiana and Immunological Response in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11643. [PMID: 37511402 PMCID: PMC10380836 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The current production of the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) vaccine is based on animal cells, where various risk factors for human health should be resolved. This study used a transient expression system to express the chimeric protein composed of antigenic epitopes from the JEV envelope (E) protein in Nicotiana benthamiana. JEV multi-epitope peptide (MEP) sequences fused with FLAG-tag or 6× His-tag at the C- or N-terminus for the purification were introduced into plant expression vectors and used for transient expression. Among the constructs, vector pSK480, which expresses MEP fused with a FLAG-tag at the C-terminus, showed the highest level of expression and yield in purification. Optimization of transient expression procedures further improved the target protein yield. The purified MEP protein was applied to an ICR mouse and successfully induced an antibody against JEV, which demonstrates the potential of the plant-produced JEV MEP as an alternative vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Wan Jung
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
- PhytoMab Co., Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Pil-Gu Park
- Department of Microbiology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Kyung Lee
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hye Shin
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
- PhytoMab Co., Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hwa Jang
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
- PhytoMab Co., Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hye Seo
- Department of Microbiology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Timothy An
- Department of Microbiology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Beom Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Hee Moon
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jee Sun Yun
- Eubiologics Co., Seoul 06026, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee-Jong Hong
- Department of Microbiology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Ryong Kim
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
- PhytoMab Co., Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
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Shen D, Lu X, Li W, Zou L, Tong Y, Wang L, Rao L, Zhang Y, Hou L, Sun G, Chen L. Identification and characterization of an α-1,3 mannosidase from Elizabethkingia meningoseptica and its potential attenuation impact on allergy associated with cross-reactive carbohydratedeterminant. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 672:17-26. [PMID: 37331167 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Core α-1,3 mannose is structurally near the core xylose and core fucose on core pentasaccharide from plant and insect glycoproteins. Mannosidase is a useful tool for characterization the role of core α-1,3 mannose in the composition of glycan related epitope, especially for those epitopes in which core xylose and core fucose are involved. Through functional genomic analysis, we identified a glycoprotein α-1,3 mannosidase and named it MA3. We used MA3 to treat allergen horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) separately. The results showed that after MA3 removed α-1,3 mannose on HRP, the reactivity of HRP with anti-core xylose polyclonal antibody almost disappeared. And the reactivity of MA3-treated PLA2 with anti-core fucose polyclonal antibody decreased partially. In addition, when PLA2 was conducted enzyme digestion by MA3, the reactivity between PLA2 and allergic patients' sera diminished. These results demonstrated that α-1,3 mannose was an critical component of glycan related epitope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Shen
- Dept. of Medical Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xinrong Lu
- Dept. of Medical Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lin Zou
- Dept. of Medical Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yongliang Tong
- Dept. of Medical Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Research and Development, SysDiagno Biomedtech, Nanjing, 211800, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lin Rao
- Dept. of Medical Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Linlin Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Guiqin Sun
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Li Chen
- Dept. of Medical Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Seed Storage Protein, Functional Diversity and Association with Allergy. ALLERGIES 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/allergies3010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants are essential for humans as they serve as a source of food, fuel, medicine, oils, and more. The major elements that are utilized for our needs exist in storage organs, such as seeds. These seeds are rich in proteins, show a broad spectrum of physiological roles, and are classified based on their sequence, structure, and conserved motifs. With the improvements to our knowledge of the basic sequence and our structural understanding, we have acquired better insights into seed proteins and their role. However, we still lack a systematic analysis towards understanding the functional diversity associated within each family and their associations with allergy. This review puts together the information about seed proteins, their classification, and diverse functional roles along with their associations with allergy.
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Wang H, Gao Y, He Q, Liao J, Zhou S, Liu Y, Guo C, Li X, Zhao X, Pan Y. 2-Hydrazinoterephthalic Acid as a Novel Negative-Ion Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Matrix for Qualitative and Quantitative Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of N-Glycans in Peach Allergy Research. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:952-962. [PMID: 36541565 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Glycans recently attracted considerable attention as the proposal of cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants for food allergy. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) is powerful in analyzing biomolecules, while its applications in glycans are still challenging. Herein, a novel reactive matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) matrix, 2-hydrazinoterephthalic acid, was rationally designed and synthesized. It provides uniform co-crystallization with glycans and only produces deprotonated ions with high intensities in the negative-ion mode. In combination with sinapic acid, a rapid and high-throughput method was established for on-target analysis of glycans with a superior limit of detection at the femtomole level and a good linearity (R2 > 0.999). Furthermore, the established method was successfully applied to quantify N-glycans in different cultivars and tissues of peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]. Our work suggests the potential role of N-glycans as biomarkers for food-borne allergy and lays a methodological foundation for the elucidation of the possible relationship between carbohydrate epitopes and food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuexia Gao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan He
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiancong Liao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiwen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjiang Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
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Liew CY, Chen JL, Tsai ST, Ni CK. Identification of side-reaction products generated during the ammonia-catalyzed release of N-glycans. Carbohydr Res 2022; 522:108686. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2022.108686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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10
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Gupta P, Andankar I, Gunasekaran B, Easwaran N, Kodiveri Muthukaliannan G. Genetically modified potato and rice based edible vaccines – An overview. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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11
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Lu Y, Sun L, Li C, Wang X, Li W, Zhao T, Huang L, Wang Z. Comparative mass spectrometry analysis of N-glycans from the glycoproteins of eight allergy-inducing plants. Food Chem 2022; 384:132440. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Heat Stress of Algal Partner Hinders Colonization Success and Alters the Algal Cell Surface Glycome in a Cnidarian-Algal Symbiosis. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0156722. [PMID: 35639004 PMCID: PMC9241721 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01567-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Corals owe their ecological success to their symbiotic relationship with dinoflagellate algae (family Symbiodiniaceae). While the negative effects of heat stress on this symbiosis are well studied, how heat stress affects the onset of symbiosis and symbiont specificity is less explored. In this work, we used the model sea anemone, Exaiptasia diaphana (commonly referred to as Aiptasia), and its native symbiont, Breviolum minutum, to study the effects of heat stress on the colonization of Aiptasia by algae and the algal cell-surface glycome. Heat stress caused a decrease in the colonization of Aiptasia by algae that were not due to confounding variables such as algal motility or oxidative stress. With mass spectrometric analysis and lectin staining, a thermally induced enrichment of glycans previously found to be associated with free-living strains of algae (high-mannoside glycans) and a concomitant reduction in glycans putatively associated with symbiotic strains of algae (galactosylated glycans) were identified. Differential enrichment of specific sialic acid glycans was also identified, although their role in this symbiosis remains unclear. We also discuss the methods used to analyze the cell-surface glycome of algae, evaluate current limitations, and provide suggestions for future work in algal-coral glycobiology. Overall, this study provided insight into how stress may affect the symbiosis between cnidarians and their algal symbionts by altering the glycome of the symbiodinian partner. IMPORTANCE Coral reefs are under threat from global climate change. Their decline is mainly caused by the fragility of their symbiotic relationship with dinoflagellate algae which they rely upon for their ecological success. To better understand coral biology, researchers used the sea anemone, Aiptasia, a model system for the study of coral-algal symbiosis, and characterized how heat stress can alter the algae's ability to communicate to the coral host. This study found that heat stress caused a decline in algal colonization success and impacted the cell surface molecules of the algae such that it became more like that of nonsymbiotic species of algae. This work adds to our understanding of the molecular signals involved in coral-algal symbiosis and how it breaks down during heat stress.
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Park SH, Ji KY, Park SY, Kim HM, Ma SH, Do JH, Kang H, Kang HS, Oh DB, Shim JS, Joung YH. Immunotherapeutic effects of recombinant colorectal cancer antigen produced in tomato fruits. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9723. [PMID: 35697846 PMCID: PMC9192744 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13839-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of pharmacological vaccines in plants has been an important goal in the field of plant biotechnology. GA733-2, the protein that is also known as colorectal carcinoma (CRC)-associated antigen, is a strong candidate to produce a colorectal cancer vaccine. Tomato is the one of the major targets for production of an edible vaccine, as tomato is a fruit consumed in fresh form. It also contains high content of vitamins that aid activation of immune response. In order to develop an edible colorectal cancer vaccine, the transgene rGA733-Fc that encodes a fusion protein of GA733-2, the fragment crystallizable (Fc) domain, and the ER retention motif (rGA733-Fc) was introduced into tomato plants (Solanumlycopersicum cv. Micro-Tom). The transgenic plants producing rGA733-Fc (rGA733-FcOX) protein were screened based on stable integration of transgene expression cassette and expression level of rGA733-Fc protein. Further glycosylation pattern analysis revealed that plant derived rGA733-Fc protein contains an oligomannose glycan structure, which is a typical glycosylation pattern found on ER-processing proteins. The red fruits of rGA733-FcOX transgenic tomato plants containing approximately 270 ng/g FW of rGA733-Fc protein were orally administered to C57BL/6 mice. Oral administration of tomato fruits of the rGA733-Fc expressing transgenic plants delayed colorectal cancer growth and stimulated immune responses compared to oral administration of tomato fruits of the h-Fc expressing transgenic plants in the C57BL/6J mice. This is the first study showing the possibility of producing an edible colorectal cancer vaccine using tomato plants. This research would be helpful for development of plant-derived cancer edible vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hee Park
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
| | - Kon-Young Ji
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, Korea
| | - Seo Young Park
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
| | - Hyun Min Kim
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Ma
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
| | - Ju Hui Do
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
| | - Hyuno Kang
- Division of Analytical Science, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Daejeon, 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Sik Kang
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
| | - Doo-Byoung Oh
- Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Korea.,Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Korea
| | - Jae Sung Shim
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea.
| | - Young Hee Joung
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea.
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Platts‐Mills TA, Hilger C, Jappe U, van Hage M, Gadermaier G, Spillner E, Lidholm J, Keshavarz B, Aalberse RC, van Ree R, Goodman RE, Pomés A. Carbohydrate epitopes currently recognized as targets for IgE antibodies. Allergy 2021; 76:2383-2394. [PMID: 33655520 DOI: 10.1111/all.14802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Until recently, glycan epitopes have not been documented by the WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Sub-Committee. This was in part due to scarce or incomplete information on these oligosaccharides, but also due to the widely held opinion that IgE to these epitopes had little or no relevance to allergic symptoms. Most IgE-binding glycans recognized up to 2008 were considered to be "classical" cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCD) that occur in insects, some helminths and throughout the plant kingdom. Since 2008, the prevailing opinion on lack of clinical relevance of IgE-binding glycans has been subject to a reevaluation. This was because IgE specific for the mammalian disaccharide galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal) was identified as a cause of delayed anaphylaxis to mammalian meat in the United States, an observation that has been confirmed by allergists in many parts of the world. Several experimental studies have shown that oligosaccharides with one or more terminal alpha-gal epitopes can be attached as a hapten to many different mammalian proteins or lipids. The classical CCDs also behave like haptens since they can be expressed on proteins from multiple species. This is the explanation for extensive in vitro cross-reactivity related to CCDs. Because of these developments, the Allergen Nomenclature Sub-Committee recently decided to include glycans as potentially allergenic epitopes in an adjunct section of its website (www.allergen.org). In this article, the features of the main glycan groups known to be involved in IgE recognition are revisited, and their characteristic structural, functional, and clinical features are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A. Platts‐Mills
- WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Sub‐Committee
- Division of Allergy and Immunology University of Virginia Charlottesville Virginia USA
| | - Christiane Hilger
- WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Sub‐Committee
- Department of Infection and Immunity Luxembourg Institute of Health Esch‐sur‐Alzette Luxembourg
| | - Uta Jappe
- WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Sub‐Committee
- Division of Clinical and Molecular Allergology, Research Center Borstel AirwayResearch Center North (ARCN)German Center for Lung Research Borstel Germany
- Interdisciplinary Allergy Outpatient Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine and Pneumology University of Lübeck Lübeck Germany
| | - Marianne van Hage
- WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Sub‐Committee
- Department of Medicine Solna, Division of Immunology and Allergy Karolinska Institutet & Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - Gabriele Gadermaier
- WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Sub‐Committee
- Department of Biosciences Paris Lodron University of Salzburg Salzburg Austria
| | - Edzard Spillner
- WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Sub‐Committee
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering Aarhus University Denmark
| | - Jonas Lidholm
- WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Sub‐Committee
- Thermo Fisher Scientific Uppsala Sweden
| | - Behnam Keshavarz
- Division of Allergy and Immunology University of Virginia Charlottesville Virginia USA
| | - Rob C. Aalberse
- Department of Immunopathology Sanquin Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Ronald van Ree
- WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Sub‐Committee
- Departments of Experimental Immunology and of Otorhinolaryngology Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Academic Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Richard E. Goodman
- WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Sub‐Committee
- Food Allergy Research & Resource Program University of Nebraska Lincoln Nebraska USA
| | - Anna Pomés
- WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Sub‐Committee
- Basic Research, Indoor Biotechnologies, Inc. Charlottesville Virginia USA
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IgE-Binding Epitopes of Pis v 1, Pis v 2 and Pis v 3, the Pistachio (Pistacia vera) Seed Allergens. ALLERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/allergies1010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sequential IgE-binding epitopes were identified on the molecular surface of the Pis v 1 (2S albumin), Pis v 2 (11S globulin/legumin) and Pis v 3 (7S globulin/vicilin)—major allergens from pistachio (Pistacia vera) seeds—using the Spot technique. They essentially consist of hydrophilic and electropositively charged residues well exposed on the surface of the allergens. Most of the epitopic regions identified on Pis v 1 and Pis v 3 do not coincide with the putative N-glycosylation sites and thus are not considered as glycotopes. Surface analysis of these epitopic regions indicates a high degree of conformational similarity with the previously identified epitopic regions of the corresponding allergens Ana o 1 (vicilin), Ana o 2 (legumin) and Ana o 3 (2S albumin) from the cashew (Anacardium occidentale) nut. These results offer a molecular basis for the IgE-binding cross-reactivity often observed between pistachio and cashew nut. They support the recommendation for prescribing pistachio avoidance in cashew allergic patients. Other conformational similarities were identified with the corresponding allergens Ses i 1 (2S albumin), Ses i 3 (vicilin) and Ses i 6 (legumin) from sesame (Sesamum indicum), and Jug r 1 (2S albumin), Jug r 2 (vicilin) and Jug r 4 (legumin) from walnut (Juglans regia). Conversely, conformation of most of the epitopic regions of the pistachio allergens often differs from that of epitopes occurring on the molecular surface of the corresponding Ara h 1 (vicilin), Ara h 2 (2S albumin) and Ara h 3 (legumin) allergens from peanut (Arachis hypogaea).
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Md A, Maeda M, Matsui T, Takasato Y, Ito K, Kimura Y. Purification and molecular characterization of a truncated-type Ara h 1, a major peanut allergen: oligomer structure, antigenicity, and glycoform. Glycoconj J 2021; 38:67-76. [PMID: 33439436 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09969-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Peanut allergies are among the most severe food allergies, and several allergenic proteins referred to as Ara h 1-Ara h 17 have been identified from peanut seeds. The molecular characterization of Ara h 1 (63 kDa), a glycosylated allergen, has almost been completed, and the occurrence of two homologous genes (clone 41B and clone P17) has been identified. In this study, we found a new variant of Ara h 1 i.e. 54 kDa, in which the N-terminal amino acid sequence was EGREGEQ-, indicating that the N-terminal domain of 63 kDa Ara h 1 had been removed. This new isoform was obtained from the run-through fraction of hydrophobic interaction chromatography while 63 kDa Ara h 1 was tightly bound to the hydrophobic resins, suggesting that the removal of the N-terminal domain resulted in extreme hydrophilic properties. We found that 63 kDa Ara h 1 occurs as higher order homo-oligomeric conformations such as decamer or nonamer, while 54 kDa Ara h 1 occurs exclusively as a homotrimer, indicating that the N-terminal domain of the 63 kDa molecule may be involved in higher order oligomerization. When antisera from peanut-allergic patients were treated with both the Ara h 1 molecules, the immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies in these sera reacted with each Ara h 1 molecule, suggesting that the C-terminal as well as the N-terminal domains of Ara h 1 contribute significantly to the epitope formations of this peanut glycoallergen. Furthermore, the glycoform analyses of N-glycans linked to 63 kDa and 54 kDa Ara h 1 subunits revealed that both typical high-mannose type and β-xylosylated type N-glycans are linked to the molecules. The cross-reactivity of IgE against Ara h 1 in the serum of one peanut allergy patient was completely lost by de-N-glycosylation, indicating the N-glycan of Ara h 1 was the sole epitope for the Ara h 1- specific IgE in the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asaduzzaman Md
- Department of Biofunctional Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Megumi Maeda
- Department of Biofunctional Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Teruaki Matsui
- Department of Allergy, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, 7-426, Obu, Morioka, Aichi, 474-8710, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Takasato
- Department of Allergy, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, 7-426, Obu, Morioka, Aichi, 474-8710, Japan
| | - Komei Ito
- Department of Allergy, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, 7-426, Obu, Morioka, Aichi, 474-8710, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Kimura
- Department of Biofunctional Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
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17
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Nkurunungi G, Mpairwe H, Versteeg SA, Diepen A, Nassuuna J, Kabagenyi J, Nambuya I, Sanya RE, Nampijja M, Serna S, Reichardt N, Hokke CH, Webb EL, Ree R, Yazdanbakhsh M, Elliott AM. Cross-reactive carbohydrate determinant-specific IgE obscures true atopy and exhibits ⍺-1,3-fucose epitope-specific inverse associations with asthma. Allergy 2021; 76:233-246. [PMID: 32568414 PMCID: PMC7610925 DOI: 10.1111/all.14469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background In high-income, temperate countries, IgE to allergen extracts is a risk factor for, and mediator of, allergy-related diseases (ARDs). In the tropics, positive IgE tests are also prevalent, but rarely associated with ARD. Instead, IgE responses to ubiquitous cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCDs) on plant, insect and parasite glycoproteins, rather than to established major allergens, are dominant. Because anti-CCD IgE has limited clinical relevance, it may impact ARD phenotyping and assessment of contribution of atopy to ARD. Methods Using an allergen extract-based test, a glycan and an allergen (glyco)protein microarray, we mapped IgE fine specificity among Ugandan rural Schistosoma mansoni (Sm)-endemic communities, proximate urban communities, and importantly in asthmatic and nonasthmatic schoolchildren. Results Overall, IgE sensitization to extracts was highly prevalent (43%-73%) but allergen arrays indicated that this was not attributable to established major allergenic components of the extracts (0%-36%); instead, over 40% of all participants recognized CCD-bearing components. Using glycan arrays, we dissected IgE responses to specific glycan moieties and found that reactivity to classical CCD epitopes (core β-1,2-xylose, α-1,3-fucose) was positively associated with sensitization to extracts, rural environment and Sm infection, but not with skin reactivity to extracts or sensitization to their major allergenic components. Interestingly, we discovered that reactivity to only a subset of core α-1,3-fucose-carrying N-glycans was inversely associated with asthma. Conclusions CCD reactivity is not just an epiphenomenon of parasite exposure hampering specificity of allergy diagnostics; mechanistic studies should investigate whether specific CCD moieties identified here are implicated in the protective effect of certain environmental exposures against asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyaviira Nkurunungi
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda
- Department of Clinical Research London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK
| | - Harriet Mpairwe
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda
| | - Serge A. Versteeg
- Departments of Experimental Immunology and of Otorhinolaryngology Amsterdam University Medical Centers (AMC) Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Angela Diepen
- Department of Parasitology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Jacent Nassuuna
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda
| | - Joyce Kabagenyi
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda
| | - Irene Nambuya
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda
| | - Richard E. Sanya
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda
- College of Health Sciences Makerere University Kampala Uganda
| | - Margaret Nampijja
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda
| | - Sonia Serna
- Glycotechnology Laboratory Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biomateriales (CIC biomaGUNE) San Sebastián Spain
| | - Niels‐Christian Reichardt
- Glycotechnology Laboratory Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biomateriales (CIC biomaGUNE) San Sebastián Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER‐BBN) San Sebastián Spain
| | - Cornelis H. Hokke
- Department of Parasitology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Emily L. Webb
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group London UK
| | - Ronald Ree
- Departments of Experimental Immunology and of Otorhinolaryngology Amsterdam University Medical Centers (AMC) Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Maria Yazdanbakhsh
- Department of Parasitology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Alison M. Elliott
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda
- Department of Clinical Research London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK
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18
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Herman X, Far J, Courtoy A, Bouhon L, Quinton L, De Pauw E, Chaumont F, Navarre C. Inactivation of N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase I and α1,3-Fucosyltransferase Genes in Nicotiana tabacum BY-2 Cells Results in Glycoproteins With Highly Homogeneous, High-Mannose N-Glycans. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:634023. [PMID: 33584780 PMCID: PMC7873608 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.634023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nicotiana tabacum Bright Yellow-2 (BY-2) suspension cells are among the most commonly used plant cell lines for producing biopharmaceutical glycoproteins. Recombinant glycoproteins are usually produced with a mix of high-mannose and complex N-glycans. However, N-glycan heterogeneity is a concern for the production of therapeutic or vaccine glycoproteins because it can alter protein activity and might lead to batch-to-batch variability. In this report, a BY-2 cell line producing glycoproteins devoid of complex N-glycans was obtained using CRISPR/Cas9 edition of two N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (GnTI) genes, whose activity is a prerequisite for the formation of all complex N-glycans. The suppression of complex N-glycans in the GnTI-knocked out (KO) cell lines was assessed by Western blotting. Lack of β1,2-xylose residues confirmed the abolition of GnTI activity. Unexpectedly, α1,3-fucose residues were still detected albeit dramatically reduced as compared with wild-type cells. To suppress the remaining α1,3-fucose residues, a second genome editing targeted both GnTI and α1,3-fucosyltransferase (FucT) genes. No β1,2-xylose nor α1,3-fucose residues were detected on the glycoproteins produced by the GnTI/FucT-KO cell lines. Absence of complex N-glycans on secreted glycoproteins of GnTI-KO and GnTI/FucT-KO cell lines was confirmed by mass spectrometry. Both cell lines produced high-mannose N-glycans, mainly Man5 (80 and 86%, respectively) and Man4 (16 and 11%, respectively). The high degree of N-glycan homogeneity and the high-mannose N-glycosylation profile of these BY-2 cell lines is an asset for their use as expression platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Herman
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Johann Far
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory-MolSys, GIGA Proteomics Facility, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Adeline Courtoy
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Laurent Bouhon
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Loïc Quinton
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory-MolSys, GIGA Proteomics Facility, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Edwin De Pauw
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory-MolSys, GIGA Proteomics Facility, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - François Chaumont
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- *Correspondence: François Chaumont,
| | - Catherine Navarre
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Zinsli LV, Stierlin N, Loessner MJ, Schmelcher M. Deimmunization of protein therapeutics - Recent advances in experimental and computational epitope prediction and deletion. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 19:315-329. [PMID: 33425259 PMCID: PMC7779837 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biotherapeutics, and antimicrobial proteins in particular, are of increasing interest for human medicine. An important challenge in the development of such therapeutics is their potential immunogenicity, which can induce production of anti-drug-antibodies, resulting in altered pharmacokinetics, reduced efficacy, and potentially severe anaphylactic or hypersensitivity reactions. For this reason, the development and application of effective deimmunization methods for protein drugs is of utmost importance. Deimmunization may be achieved by unspecific shielding approaches, which include PEGylation, fusion to polypeptides (e.g., XTEN or PAS), reductive methylation, glycosylation, and polysialylation. Alternatively, the identification of epitopes for T cells or B cells and their subsequent deletion through site-directed mutagenesis represent promising deimmunization strategies and can be accomplished through either experimental or computational approaches. This review highlights the most recent advances and current challenges in the deimmunization of protein therapeutics, with a special focus on computational epitope prediction and deletion tools.
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Key Words
- ABR, Antigen-binding region
- ADA, Anti-drug antibody
- ANN, Artificial neural network
- APC, Antigen-presenting cell
- Anti-drug-antibody
- B cell epitope
- BCR, B cell receptor
- Bab, Binding antibody
- CDR, Complementarity determining region
- CRISPR, Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats
- DC, Dendritic cell
- ELP, Elastin-like polypeptide
- EPO, Erythropoietin
- ER, Endoplasmatic reticulum
- GLK, Gelatin-like protein
- HAP, Homo-amino-acid polymer
- HLA, Human leukocyte antigen
- HMM, Hidden Markov model
- IL, Interleukin
- Ig, Immunoglobulin
- Immunogenicity
- LPS, Lipopolysaccharide
- MHC, Major histocompatibility complex
- NMR, Nuclear magnetic resonance
- Nab, Neutralizing antibody
- PAMP, Pathogen-associated molecular pattern
- PAS, Polypeptide composed of proline, alanine, and/or serine
- PBMC, Peripheral blood mononuclear cell
- PD, Pharmacodynamics
- PEG, Polyethylene glycol
- PK, Pharmacokinetics
- PRR, Pattern recognition receptor
- PSA, Sialic acid polymers
- Protein therapeutic
- RNN, Recurrent artificial neural network
- SVM, Support vector machine
- T cell epitope
- TAP, Transporter associated with antigen processing
- TCR, T cell receptor
- TLR, Toll-like receptor
- XTEN, “Xtended” recombinant polypeptide
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa V. Zinsli
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Noël Stierlin
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin J. Loessner
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mathias Schmelcher
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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20
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Hils M, Wölbing F, Hilger C, Fischer J, Hoffard N, Biedermann T. The History of Carbohydrates in Type I Allergy. Front Immunol 2020; 11:586924. [PMID: 33163001 PMCID: PMC7583601 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.586924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although first described decades ago, the relevance of carbohydrate specific antibodies as mediators of type I allergy had not been recognized until recently. Previously, allergen specific IgE antibodies binding to carbohydrate epitopes were considered to demonstrate a clinically irrelevant cross-reactivity. However, this changed following the discovery of type I allergies specifically mediated by oligosaccharide structures. Especially the emerging understanding of red meat allergy characterized by IgE directed to the oligosaccharide alpha-gal showed that carbohydrate-mediated reactions can result in life threatening systemic anaphylaxis which in contrast to former assumptions proves a high clinical relevance of some carbohydrate allergens. Within the scope of this review article, we illustrate the historical development of carbohydrate-allergen-research, reaching from only diagnostically relevant crossreactive-carbohydrate-determinants to clinically important antigens mediating type I allergy. Focusing on clinical and immunological features of the alpha-gal syndrome, we highlight the discovery of oligosaccharides as potentially highly immunogenic antigens and mediators of type I allergy, report what is known about the route of sensitization and the immunological mechanisms involved in sensitization and elicitation phase of allergic responses as well as currently available diagnostic and therapeutic tools. Finally, we briefly report on carbohydrates being involved in type I allergies different from alpha-gal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Hils
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Wölbing
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christiane Hilger
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Jörg Fischer
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nils Hoffard
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Clinical Unit Allergology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental 10 Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
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21
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Fogarty CA, Harbison AM, Dugdale AR, Fadda E. How and why plants and human N-glycans are different: Insight from molecular dynamics into the "glycoblocks" architecture of complex carbohydrates. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:2046-2056. [PMID: 32874351 PMCID: PMC7445399 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The N-glycosylation is one of the most abundant and diverse post-translational modifications of proteins, implicated in protein folding and structural stability, and mediating interactions with receptors and with the environment. All N-glycans share a common core from which linear or branched arms stem from, with functionalization specific to different species and to the cells’ health and disease state. This diversity generates a rich collection of structures, all diversely able to trigger molecular cascades and to activate pathways, which also include adverse immunogenic responses. These events are inherently linked to the N-glycans’ 3D architecture and dynamics, which remain for the large part unresolved and undetected because of their intrinsic structural disorder. In this work we use molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to provide insight into N-glycans’ 3D structure by analysing the effects of a set of very specific modifications found in plants and invertebrate N-glycans, which are immunogenic in humans. We also compare these structural motifs and combine them with mammalian N-glycan motifs to devise strategies for the control of the N-glycan 3D structure through sequence. Our results suggest that the N-glycans’ architecture can be described in terms of the local spatial environment of groups of monosaccharides. We define these “glycoblocks” as self-contained 3D units, uniquely identified by the nature of the residues they comprise, their linkages and structural/dynamic features. This alternative description of glycans’ 3D architecture can potentially lead to an easier prediction of sequence-to-structure relationships in complex carbohydrates, with important implications in glycoengineering design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl A Fogarty
- Department of Chemistry and Hamilton Institute, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Kildare, Ireland
| | - Aoife M Harbison
- Department of Chemistry and Hamilton Institute, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Kildare, Ireland
| | - Amy R Dugdale
- Department of Chemistry and Hamilton Institute, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Kildare, Ireland
| | - Elisa Fadda
- Department of Chemistry and Hamilton Institute, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Kildare, Ireland
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22
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Li Q, Xie Y, Wong M, Barboza M, Lebrilla CB. Comprehensive structural glycomic characterization of the glycocalyxes of cells and tissues. Nat Protoc 2020; 15:2668-2704. [PMID: 32681150 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-020-0350-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The glycocalyx comprises glycosylated proteins and lipids and fcorms the outermost layer of cells. It is involved in fundamental inter- and intracellular processes, including non-self-cell and self-cell recognition, cell signaling, cellular structure maintenance, and immune protection. Characterization of the glycocalyx is thus essential to understanding cell physiology and elucidating its role in promoting health and disease. This protocol describes how to comprehensively characterize the glycocalyx N-glycans and O-glycans of glycoproteins, as well as intact glycolipids in parallel, using the same enriched membrane fraction. Profiling of the glycans and the glycolipids is performed using nanoflow liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (nanoLC-MS). Sample preparation, quantitative LC-tandem MS (LC-MS/MS) analysis, and data processing methods are provided. In addition, we discuss glycoproteomic analysis that yields the site-specific glycosylation of membrane proteins. To reduce the amount of sample needed, N-glycan, O-glycan, and glycolipid analyses are performed on the same enriched fraction, whereas glycoproteomic analysis is performed on a separate enriched fraction. The sample preparation process takes 2-3 d, whereas the time spent on instrumental and data analyses could vary from 1 to 5 d for different sample sizes. This workflow is applicable to both cell and tissue samples. Systematic changes in the glycocalyx associated with specific glycoforms and glycoconjugates can be monitored with quantitation using this protocol. The ability to quantitate individual glycoforms and glycoconjugates will find utility in a broad range of fundamental and applied clinical studies, including glycan-based biomarker discovery and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongyu Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Yixuan Xie
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Maurice Wong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Mariana Barboza
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Carlito B Lebrilla
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA.
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23
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Rosales-Mendoza S, Solís-Andrade KI, Márquez-Escobar VA, González-Ortega O, Bañuelos-Hernandez B. Current advances in the algae-made biopharmaceuticals field. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2020; 20:751-766. [DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2020.1739643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Rosales-Mendoza
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Karla I. Solís-Andrade
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Verónica A. Márquez-Escobar
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Omar González-Ortega
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
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24
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Antigenic cross-reactivity between Schistosoma mansoni and allergenic invertebrates putatively due to shared glycanic epitopes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3350. [PMID: 32099050 PMCID: PMC7042331 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59892-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that rabbit IgG antibodies against Schistosoma mansoni egg antigens (SmSEA) cross-react with allergens in natural rubber latex, peanuts and grass and tree pollens. Here we describe antigenic molecules that cross-react with rabbit anti-S. mansoni IgG antibodies in extracts of the house dust mite (HDM) Dermatophagoides farinae, the Australian cockroach (ACR) Periplaneta australasiae and in the venom of the honey bee Apis mellifera (HBV). Tandem mass spectrometry identified the cross-reactive allergens as Der f 15 in HDM, two homologues of the Periplaneta americana cockroach allergen Cr-PI/Per a 3 in ACR and two isoforms of the allergen Api m 1 (phospholipase A2: PLA2) in HBV. Cross-reactive rabbit anti-SmSEA IgG antibodies eluted from the three invertebrate allergens reacted with S. mansoni egg antigens and variably with schistosome cercarial and worm antigens. Treatment of the electroblotted allergens with sodium metaperiodate abrogated most of the cross-reactivity of the rabbit anti-SmSEA antibodies, suggesting it was due to cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCDs). Furthermore, analyses of the allergens’ amino acid sequences indicated that they had potential for both N- and O-linked glycosylation. A potential role for the CCDs shared by the schistosome and invertebrates in inducing an allergy-protective effect, as proposed by the hygiene hypothesis, is discussed.
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25
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Larsen JS, Karlsson RTG, Tian W, Schulz MA, Matthes A, Clausen H, Petersen BL, Yang Z. Engineering mammalian cells to produce plant-specific N-glycosylation on proteins. Glycobiology 2020; 30:528-538. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwaa009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Protein N-glycosylation is an essential and highly conserved posttranslational modification found in all eukaryotic cells. Yeast, plants and mammalian cells, however, produce N-glycans with distinct structural features. These species-specific features not only pose challenges in selecting host cells for production of recombinant therapeutics for human medical use but also provide opportunities to explore and utilize species-specific glycosylation in design of vaccines. Here, we used reverse cross-species engineering to stably introduce plant core α3fucose (α3Fuc) and β2xylose (β2Xyl) N-glycosylation epitopes in the mammalian Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line. We used directed knockin of plant core fucosylation and xylosylation genes (AtFucTA/AtFucTB and AtXylT) and targeted knockout of endogenous genes for core fucosylation (fut8) and elongation (B4galt1), for establishing CHO cells with plant N-glycosylation capacities. The engineering was evaluated through coexpression of two human therapeutic N-glycoproteins, erythropoietin (EPO) and an immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody. Full conversion to the plant-type α3Fuc/β2Xyl bi-antennary agalactosylated N-glycosylation (G0FX) was demonstrated for the IgG1 produced in CHO cells. These results demonstrate that N-glycosylation in mammalian cells is amenable for extensive cross-kingdom engineering and that engineered CHO cells may be used to produce glycoproteins with plant glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Steen Larsen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, København, Denmark
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Nørregade 10, 1165 København, Denmark
| | - Richard Torbjörn Gustav Karlsson
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Nørregade 10, 1165 København, Denmark
| | - Weihua Tian
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Nørregade 10, 1165 København, Denmark
| | - Morten Alder Schulz
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Nørregade 10, 1165 København, Denmark
| | - Annemarie Matthes
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, København, Denmark
| | - Henrik Clausen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Nørregade 10, 1165 København, Denmark
| | - Bent Larsen Petersen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, København, Denmark
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Nørregade 10, 1165 København, Denmark
| | - Zhang Yang
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Nørregade 10, 1165 København, Denmark
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26
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Separation and preparation of N-glycans based on ammonia-catalyzed release method. Glycoconj J 2020; 37:165-174. [PMID: 32026252 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09909-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The study of carbohydrates requires large amounts of glycans. N-Glycans can be synthesized but generating large quantities of N-glycans with diverse structures remains difficult. In this study, we aimed to obtain large amounts of glycans using an optimized procedure. Two types of reductive N-glycans were released from chicken egg albumin (ovalbumin) and soy protein using an ammonia catalysis method and labeled with benzenesulfonyl hydrazide (BSH). After preliminary separation by preparative HPLC, N-glycan-BSH components were de-labeled separately and reducing N-glycans were recovered. The de-labeled reducing N-glycans were derived with different labeling reagents and further separated and purified with two/multi-dimensional HPLC for various studies. We selected the bifunctional reagent 2-amino-N-(2-aminoethyl)-benzamide (AEAB) as a labeling reagent combined with C18 column for two-dimensional HPLC separation. A total of 21 and 8 N-glycan-AEAB conjugates were obtained from ovalbumin and soy protein, respectively. A reactive primary alkylamine of N-glycan-AEAB conjugates can be effectively immobilized on microarray surfaces, allowing for subsequent functional studies of glycans.
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27
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Kumar S, Kumar A, Patel AK. TIM barrel fold and glycan moieties in the structure of ICChI, a protein with chitinase and lysozyme activity. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020; 170:112221. [PMID: 31790908 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.112221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The ICChI is a 35-kDa, glycosylated protein isolated from the latex of the weed Ipomoea carnea. It displays chitinase and lysozyme activity, which could be important for the defense against pathogenic fungi, insects and bacteria. The ICChI enzyme was crystallized, and a diffraction data set was collected from a single crystal to 1.42 Å resolution. The crystals belong to the primitive tetragonal space group P43212, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 57.9, c = 172.0 Å, and α = β = γ = 90°. The structure was elucidated by molecular replacement method using a mixed model of three homologous structures from the N-terminal sequence of ICChI. The refined model consists of 272 amino acid residues and has a Rfactor of 18.93% and Rfree of 22.42%. The protein consists of a single globular domain with a (α/β)8 triosephosphate isomerase barrel fold. Three of the consensus sites for N-glycosylation viz., Asn45, Asn172, and Asn194 containing carbohydrate moieties N-Acetylglucosamine (NAG), mannose, fucose, and xylose. The putative catalytic residues are Asp125, Glu127, and Tyr184. The crystal structure may provide fundamental information of GH18 family chitinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore, 452 013, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Patel
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India.
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28
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Park Y, Kim D, Boorgula GD, De Schutter K, Smagghe G, Šimo L, Archer-Hartmann SA, Azadi P. Alpha-Gal and Cross-Reactive Carbohydrate Determinants in the N-Glycans of Salivary Glands in the Lone Star Tick, Amblyomma americanum. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:E18. [PMID: 31936588 PMCID: PMC7157712 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ticks are important ectoparasites and vectors of numerous human and animal pathogens. Ticks secrete saliva that contains various bioactive materials to evade the host defense system, and often facilitates the pathogen transmission. In addition, the Lone star tick saliva is thought to be the sensitizer in red meat allergy that is characterized by an allergic reaction to glycan moieties carrying terminal galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (aGal). To assess N-glycome of Amblyomma americanum, we examined the N-glycan structures in male and female salivary glands at three different feeding stages and in carcasses of partially fed lone star ticks. We also surveyed the genes involved in the N-glycosylation in the tick species. The aGal epitopes and cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCD) increases over time after the onset of blood feeding in both male and female A. americanum. These CCDs include xylosylation of the core mannose, 1,3-mono and 1,3- and 1,6-difucosylations of the basal GlcNac and mono- or diantennary aGal. Combinations of both xylosylation and aGal and fucosylation and aGal were also found on the N-glycan structures. While the enzymes required for the early steps of the N-glycosylation pathway are quite conserved, the enzymes involved in the later stages of N-glycan maturation in the Golgi apparatus are highly diverged from those of insects. Most of all, we propose that the aGal serves as a molecular mimicry of bioactive proteins during tick feedings on mammalian hosts, while it contributes as a sensitizer of allergy in atypical host human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonseong Park
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (D.K.); (G.D.B.)
| | - Donghun Kim
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (D.K.); (G.D.B.)
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | - Gunavanthi D. Boorgula
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (D.K.); (G.D.B.)
| | - Kristof De Schutter
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (K.D.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (K.D.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Ladislav Šimo
- UMR BIPAR, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, ANSES, Université Paris-Est, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France;
| | | | - Parastoo Azadi
- Complex Carbohydrate Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (S.A.A.-H.); (P.A.)
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29
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Bohlender LL, Parsons J, Hoernstein SNW, Rempfer C, Ruiz-Molina N, Lorenz T, Rodríguez Jahnke F, Figl R, Fode B, Altmann F, Reski R, Decker EL. Stable Protein Sialylation in Physcomitrella. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:610032. [PMID: 33391325 PMCID: PMC7775405 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.610032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Recombinantly produced proteins are indispensable tools for medical applications. Since the majority of them are glycoproteins, their N-glycosylation profiles are major determinants for their activity, structural properties and safety. For therapeutical applications, a glycosylation pattern adapted to product and treatment requirements is advantageous. Physcomitrium patens (Physcomitrella, moss) is able to perform highly homogeneous complex-type N-glycosylation. Additionally, it has been glyco-engineered to eliminate plant-specific sugar residues by knock-out of the β1,2-xylosyltransferase and α1,3-fucosyltransferase genes (Δxt/ft). Furthermore, Physcomitrella meets wide-ranging biopharmaceutical requirements such as GMP compliance, product safety, scalability and outstanding possibilities for precise genome engineering. However, all plants, in contrast to mammals, lack the capability to perform N-glycan sialylation. Since sialic acids are a common terminal modification on human N-glycans, the property to perform N-glycan sialylation is highly desired within the plant-based biopharmaceutical sector. In this study, we present the successful achievement of protein N-glycan sialylation in stably transformed Physcomitrella. The sialylation ability was achieved in a Δxt/ft moss line by stable expression of seven mammalian coding sequences combined with targeted organelle-specific localization of the encoded enzymes responsible for the generation of β1,4-galactosylated acceptor N-glycans as well as the synthesis, activation, transport and transfer of sialic acid. Production of free (Neu5Ac) and activated (CMP-Neu5Ac) sialic acid was proven. The glycosidic anchor for the attachment of terminal sialic acid was generated by the introduction of a chimeric human β1,4-galactosyltransferase gene under the simultaneous knock-out of the gene encoding the endogenous β1,3-galactosyltransferase. Functional complex-type N-glycan sialylation was confirmed via mass spectrometric analysis of a stably co-expressed recombinant human protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennard L. Bohlender
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Juliana Parsons
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Christine Rempfer
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Natalia Ruiz-Molina
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Timo Lorenz
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fernando Rodríguez Jahnke
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Figl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Friedrich Altmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ralf Reski
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS, Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eva L. Decker
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Eva L. Decker,
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30
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Van Landuyt L, Lonigro C, Meuris L, Callewaert N. Customized protein glycosylation to improve biopharmaceutical function and targeting. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2019; 60:17-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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31
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Okada T, Ihara H, Ikeda Y. Characterization of MiFUT11 from Mangifera indica L.: A functional core α1,3-fucosyltransferase potentially involved in the biosynthesis of immunogenic carbohydrates in mango fruit. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 165:112050. [PMID: 31252202 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.112050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In higher plants, asparagine-linked oligosaccharides (N-glycans) in glycoproteins carry unique carbohydrate epitopes, namely, a core α1,3-fucose and/or a β1,2-xylose, which are common determinants responsible for the cross-reactivity of plant glycoproteins due to their strong immunogenicity. While these determinants and the relevant genes have been well characterized for herbaceous plants, information concerning whether many food plants cross-react with airborne pollens is not available. In this paper, we report on the characterization of a novel core α1,3-fucosyltransferase gene identified from Mangifera indica L., one of the major plants potentially related to food allergy. Based on sequence information of plant homologues, we amplified a candidate cDNA (MiFUT11) from pericarp tissue. An in vitro assay demonstrated that the recombinant MiFUT11 protein transfers a fucose unit onto both non-fucosylated and core α1,6-fucosylated oligosaccharides. A glycoform analysis using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry showed that the introduction of the MiFUT11 cDNA increased the production of a core α1,3- and α1,6-fucosylated pauci-mannosidic oligosaccharide in Spodoptera Sf21 cells. Our findings suggest that MiFUT11 is a functional core α1,3-fucosyltransferase gene that is involved in the assembly of cross-reactive N-glycans in mango fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Okada
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan.
| | - Hideyuki Ihara
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Ikeda
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
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32
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Tjondro HC, Loke I, Chatterjee S, Thaysen-Andersen M. Human protein paucimannosylation: cues from the eukaryotic kingdoms. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2019; 94:2068-2100. [PMID: 31410980 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Paucimannosidic proteins (PMPs) are bioactive glycoproteins carrying truncated α- or β-mannosyl-terminating asparagine (N)-linked glycans widely reported across the eukaryotic domain. Our understanding of human PMPs remains limited, despite findings documenting their existence and association with human disease glycobiology. This review comprehensively surveys the structures, biosynthetic routes and functions of PMPs across the eukaryotic kingdoms with the aim of synthesising an improved understanding on the role of protein paucimannosylation in human health and diseases. Convincing biochemical, glycoanalytical and biological data detail a vast structural heterogeneity and fascinating tissue- and subcellular-specific expression of PMPs within invertebrates and plants, often comprising multi-α1,3/6-fucosylation and β1,2-xylosylation amongst other glycan modifications and non-glycan substitutions e.g. O-methylation. Vertebrates and protists express less-heterogeneous PMPs typically only comprising variable core fucosylation of bi- and trimannosylchitobiose core glycans. In particular, the Manα1,6Manβ1,4GlcNAc(α1,6Fuc)β1,4GlcNAcβAsn glycan (M2F) decorates various human neutrophil proteins reportedly displaying bioactivity and structural integrity demonstrating that they are not degradation products. Less-truncated paucimannosidic glycans (e.g. M3F) are characteristic glycosylation features of proteins expressed by human cancer and stem cells. Concertedly, these observations suggest the involvement of human PMPs in processes related to innate immunity, tumorigenesis and cellular differentiation. The absence of human PMPs in diverse bodily fluids studied under many (patho)physiological conditions suggests extravascular residence and points to localised functions of PMPs in peripheral tissues. Absence of PMPs in Fungi indicates that paucimannosylation is common, but not universally conserved, in eukaryotes. Relative to human PMPs, the expression of PMPs in plants, invertebrates and protists is more tissue-wide and constitutive yet, similar to their human counterparts, PMP expression remains regulated by the physiology of the producing organism and PMPs evidently serve essential functions in development, cell-cell communication and host-pathogen/symbiont interactions. In most PMP-producing organisms, including humans, the N-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase isoenzymes and linkage-specific α-mannosidases are glycoside hydrolases critical for generating PMPs via N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (GnT-I)-dependent and GnT-I-independent truncation pathways. However, the identity and structure of many species-specific PMPs in eukaryotes, their biosynthetic routes, strong tissue- and development-specific expression, and diverse functions are still elusive. Deep exploration of these PMP features involving, for example, the characterisation of endogenous PMP-recognising lectins across a variety of healthy and N-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase-deficient human tissue types and identification of microbial adhesins reactive to human PMPs, are amongst the many tasks required for enhanced insight into the glycobiology of human PMPs. In conclusion, the literature supports the notion that PMPs are significant, yet still heavily under-studied biomolecules in human glycobiology that serve essential functions and create structural heterogeneity not dissimilar to other human N-glycoprotein types. Human PMPs should therefore be recognised as bioactive glycoproteins that are distinctly different from the canonical N-glycoprotein classes and which warrant a more dedicated focus in glycobiological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry C Tjondro
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - Ian Loke
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Sayantani Chatterjee
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - Morten Thaysen-Andersen
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
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Gorovits B, Wang Y, Zhu L, Araya M, Kamerud J, Lepsy C. Anti-drug Antibody Assay Conditions Significantly Impact Assay Screen and Confirmatory Cut-Points. AAPS JOURNAL 2019; 21:71. [DOI: 10.1208/s12248-019-0342-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Crispell G, Commins SP, Archer-Hartman SA, Choudhary S, Dharmarajan G, Azadi P, Karim S. Discovery of Alpha-Gal-Containing Antigens in North American Tick Species Believed to Induce Red Meat Allergy. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1056. [PMID: 31156631 PMCID: PMC6533943 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of specific IgE antibodies to the oligosaccharide galactose-α-1, 3-galactose (α-gal) following tick bites has been shown to be the source of red meat allergy. In this study, we investigated the presence of α-gal in four tick species: the lone-star tick (Amblyomma americanum), the Gulf-Coast tick (Amblyomma maculatum), the American dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis), and the black-legged tick (Ixodes scapularis) by using a combination of immunoproteomic approach and, carbohydrate analysis. Anti-α-gal antibodies identified α-gal in the salivary glands of both Am. americanum and Ix. scapularis, while Am. maculatum and De. variabilis appeared to lack the carbohydrate. PNGase F treatment confirmed the deglycosylation of N-linked α-gal-containing proteins in tick salivary glands. Immunolocalization of α-gal moieties to the salivary secretory vesicles of the salivary acini also confirmed the secretory nature of α-gal-containing antigens in ticks. Am. americanum ticks were fed on human blood (lacks α-gal) using a silicone membrane system to determine the source of the α-gal. N-linked glycan analysis revealed that Am. americanum and Ix. scapularis have α-gal in their saliva and salivary glands, but Am. maculatum contains no detectable quantity. Consistent with the glycan analysis, salivary samples from Am. americanum and Ix. scapularis stimulated activation of basophils primed with plasma from α-gal allergic subjects. Together, these data support the idea that bites from certain tick species may specifically create a risk for the development of α-gal-specific IgE and hypersensitivity reactions in humans. Alpha-Gal syndrome challenges the current food allergy paradigm and broadens opportunities for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Crispell
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Biological, Environment, and Earth Sciences, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, United States
| | - Scott P Commins
- Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | | | - Shailesh Choudhary
- Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Guha Dharmarajan
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Aiken, SC, United States
| | - Parastoo Azadi
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Shahid Karim
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Biological, Environment, and Earth Sciences, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, United States
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Jung JW, Choi HY, Huy NX, Park H, Kim HH, Yang MS, Kang SH, Kim DI, Kim NS. Production of recombinant human acid β-glucosidase with high mannose-type N-glycans in rice gnt1 mutant for potential treatment of Gaucher disease. Protein Expr Purif 2019; 158:81-88. [PMID: 30822514 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Gaucher disease is an inherited metabolic disease caused by genetic acid β -glucosidase (GBA) deficiency and is currently treated by enzyme replacement therapy. For uptake into macrophages, GBA needs to carry terminal mannose residues on their N-glycans. Knockout mutant rice of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-I (gnt1) have a disrupted N-glycan processing pathway and produce only glycoproteins with high mannose residues. In this study, we introduced a gene encoding recombinant human GBA into both wild-type rice (WT) and rice gnt1 calli. Target gene integration and mRNA expression were confirmed by genomic DNA PCR and Northern blotting, respectively. Secreted rhGBAs in culture media from cell lines originating from both WT (WT-GBA) and rice gnt1 (gnt1-GBA) were detected by Western blotting. Each rhGBA was purified by affinity and ion exchange chromatography. In vitro catalytic activity of purified rhGBA was comparable to commercial Chinese hamster ovary cell-derived rhGBA. N-glycans were isolated from WT-GBA and gnt1-GBA and analyzed by using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The amounts of high mannose-type N-glycans were highly elevated in gnt1-GBA (100%) compared to WT-GBA (1%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Wan Jung
- Department of Molecular Biology, Chonbuk National University, 664-14 Dukjindong, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Yeol Choi
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen-Xuan Huy
- Department of Molecular Biology, Chonbuk National University, 664-14 Dukjindong, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea; Biology Department, University of Education, Hue University, 34 Le Loi, Hue, Viet Nam
| | - Heajin Park
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06944, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Hyung Kim
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06944, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Sik Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Chonbuk National University, 664-14 Dukjindong, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hoon Kang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Il Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nan-Sun Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Chonbuk National University, 664-14 Dukjindong, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea; National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science (NIHHS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Wanju, Jeollabuk-do, 55365, Republic of Korea.
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Zhou Q, Qiu H. The Mechanistic Impact of N-Glycosylation on Stability, Pharmacokinetics, and Immunogenicity of Therapeutic Proteins. J Pharm Sci 2018; 108:1366-1377. [PMID: 30471292 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2018.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
N-glycosylation is one of major post-translational modifications in nature, and it is essential for protein structure and function. As hydrophilic moieties of glycoproteins, N-glycans play important roles in protein stability. They protect the proteins against proteolytic degradation, aggregation, and thermal denaturation through maintaining optimal conformations. There are extensive evidences showing the involvement of N-glycans in the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of recombinant therapeutic proteins and antibodies. Highly sialylated complex-type glycans enable the longer serum half-lives of proteins against uptake through hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor and mannose receptor for degradation in lysosomes. Moreover, the presence of nonhuman glycans results in clearance through pre-existing antibodies from serum and induces IgE-mediated anaphylaxis. N-glycans also facilitate or reduce the adverse immune responses of the proteins through interacting with multiple glycan-binding proteins, including those specific for mannose or mannose 6-phosphate. Due to the glycan impacts, a few therapeutic proteins were glycoengineered to improve the pharmacokinetics and stability. Thus, N-glycosylation should be extensively investigated and optimized for each individual protein for better efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Zhou
- Biologics Research, Sanofi, 49 New York Avenue, Framingham, Massachusetts 01701.
| | - Huawei Qiu
- Biologics Research, Sanofi, 49 New York Avenue, Framingham, Massachusetts 01701
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37
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Mpairwe H, Amoah AS. Parasites and allergy: Observations from Africa. Parasite Immunol 2018; 41:e12589. [PMID: 30216486 PMCID: PMC6587767 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Population studies from the African continent have observed a marked increase in the prevalence of allergy‐related diseases over the past few decades, but the cause of this rise is not fully understood. The most investigated potential risk factor has been the relationship between exposure to helminths and allergy‐related outcomes. Immunologically, parallels exist between responses to helminths and to allergens as both are associated with elevated levels of immunoglobulin E, increased numbers of T helper 2 cells and other immune cells. However, epidemiological studies from the African continent have found inconsistent results. In this review, observations from population studies carried out in Africa over the last decade that focus on the relationship between helminth infections and allergy‐related outcomes are examined. How these findings advance our understanding of the complex interactions between helminths and allergies at the population level is also explored as well as some of the underlying immune mechanisms involved. This knowledge is important for better diagnosis, treatment and prevention of allergy‐related diseases and has wider global significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet Mpairwe
- Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Abena S Amoah
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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38
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Yang YYM, van Diepen A, Brzezicka K, Reichardt NC, Hokke CH. Glycan Microarray-Assisted Identification of IgG Subclass Targets in Schistosomiasis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2331. [PMID: 30356796 PMCID: PMC6190862 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with schistosomes is accompanied by the induction of antibodies against the parasite. Despite having IgG against both protein and glycan antigens, infected individuals remain chronically infected until treated, and re-infection is common in endemic areas as immunity does not develop effectively. Parasite specific IgG subclasses may differ in functionality and effectivity with respect to effector functions that contribute to parasite killing and immunity. In this study, we investigated if specific IgG subclasses target specific antigenic schistosome glycan motifs during human infection. Sera from 41 S. mansoni infected individuals from an endemic area in Uganda were incubated on two glycan microarrays, one consisting of a large repertoire of schistosome glycoprotein- and glycolipid- derived glycans and the other consisting of chemically synthesized core xylosylated and fucosylated N-glycans also expressed by schistosomes. Our results show that highly antigenic glycan motifs, such as multi-fucosylated terminal GalNAc(β1-4)GlcNAc (LDN) can be recognized by all IgG subclasses of infection sera, however with highly variable intensities. Detailed examination of core-modified N-glycan targets revealed individual antibody responses specific for core-xylosylated and core α3-fucosylated glycan motifs that are life stage specifically expressed by schistosomes. IgG1 and IgG3 were detected against a range of N-glycan core structures, but IgG2 and IgG4, when present, were specific for the core α3-fucose and xylose motifs that were previously found to be IgE targets in schistosomiasis, and in allergies. This study is the first to address IgG subclass responses to defined helminth glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Michelle Yang
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Angela van Diepen
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Katarzyna Brzezicka
- Glycotechnology Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biomateriales (CIC biomaGUNE), San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Niels-Christian Reichardt
- Glycotechnology Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biomateriales (CIC biomaGUNE), San Sebastián, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Cornelis H Hokke
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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Masthoff LJN, Pasmans SGMA, Doorn H, Hartog Jager CF, Geneugelijk K, Knol EF, Bruijnzeel‐Koomen CAFM, Lidholm J, Knulst AC, Hoffen E. Major hazelnut and peanut allergens are potent in basophil activation and cross-react at T-cell level. Allergy 2018; 73:2080-2082. [PMID: 29885257 DOI: 10.1111/all.13498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. J. N. Masthoff
- Department of Dermatology/Allergology University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - S. G. M. A. Pasmans
- Department of Dermatology/Allergology University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - H. Doorn
- Department of Dermatology/Allergology University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - C. F. Hartog Jager
- Department of Dermatology/Allergology University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - K. Geneugelijk
- Department of Dermatology/Allergology University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - E. F. Knol
- Department of Dermatology/Allergology University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
- Department of Immunology University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
| | | | | | - A. C. Knulst
- Department of Dermatology/Allergology University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - E. Hoffen
- Department of Dermatology/Allergology University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
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40
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Matsuo K, Atsumi G. Xylosylation of proteins by expression of human xylosyltransferase 2 in plants. J Biosci Bioeng 2018; 126:371-378. [PMID: 29657126 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Through the years, the post-translational modification of plant-made recombinant proteins has been a considerable problem. Protein glycosylation is arguably the most important post-translational modification; thus, for the humanization of protein glycosylation in plants, the introduction, repression, and knockout of many glycosylation-related genes has been carried out. In addition, plants lack mammalian-type protein O-glycosylation pathways; thus, for the synthesis of mammalian O-glycans in plants, the construction of these pathways is necessary. In this study, we successfully xylosylated the recombinant human proteoglycan core protein, serglycin, by transient expression of human xylosyltransferase 2 in Nicotiana benthamiana plants. When human serglycin was co-expressed with human xylosyltransferase 2 in plants, multiple serine residues of eight xylosylation candidates were xylosylated. From the results of carbohydrate assays for total soluble proteins, some endogenous plant proteins also appeared to be xylosylated, likely through the actions of xylosyltransferase 2. The xylosylation of core proteins is the initial step of the glycosaminoglycan part of the synthesis of proteoglycans. In the future, these novel findings may lead to whole mammalian proteoglycan synthesis in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouki Matsuo
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-17-2-1 Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo 062-8517, Japan.
| | - Go Atsumi
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-17-2-1 Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo 062-8517, Japan
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41
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Du YM, Zheng SL, Liu L, Voglmeir J, Yedid G. Analysis of N-glycans from Raphanus sativus Cultivars Using PNGase H. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 29985337 DOI: 10.3791/57979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the carbohydrate moieties of plants have received considerable attention, as they are a potential source of cross-reactive, allergy-provoking immune responses. In addition, carbohydrate structures also play a critical role in plant metabolism. Here, we present a simple and rapid method for preparing and analyzing N-glycans from different cultivars of radish (Raphanus sativus) using an N-glycanase specific for the release of plant-derived carbohydrate structures. To achieve this, crude trichloroacetic acid precipitates of radish homogenates were treated with PNGase H+, and labeled using 2-aminobenzamide as a fluorescent tag. The labeled N-glycan samples were subsequently analyzed by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) separation and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry for a detailed structural evaluation and to quantify relative abundancies of the radish-derived N-glycan structures. This protocol can also be used for the analysis of N-glycans from various other plant species, and may be useful for further investigation of the function and effects of N-glycans on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Min Du
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University
| | - Shen-Li Zheng
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University
| | - Li Liu
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University
| | - Josef Voglmeir
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University;
| | - Gabriel Yedid
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University;
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42
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Igetei JE, El-Faham M, Liddell S, Schramm G, Doenhoff MJ. Antigenic cross-reactivity between Schistosoma mansoni and pollen allergens from the birch tree (Betula verrucosa) and Timothy grass (Phleum pratense): involvement of shared glycan epitopes and implications for the hygiene hypothesis. Int J Parasitol 2018; 48:345-357. [PMID: 29510117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that schistosome infection can protect against allergic symptoms, but the underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. Here we have shown that rabbit IgG antibodies raised against Schistosoma mansoni soluble egg antigens (SmSEA) are cross-reactive with a wide array of molecules in Timothy grass pollen (TGP) and birch tree pollen (BTP). Five of the cross-reactive pollen molecules (two from TGP and three from BTP) were selected randomly and identified by tandem mass spectrometric (TMS) analysis to be, respectively, the TGP allergens Phl p 1 and Phl p 5b, and BTP glutathione S-transferase (GST), and the BTP allergens Bet v 1 and Bet v 6.0102. Rabbit anti-SmSEA IgG antibodies that cross-reacted with each of the five allergens were found to be reactive with three major S. mansoni egg antigens, IPSE/alpha-1, omega-1 and kappa-5. Pairwise alignment of the amino acid sequences of each of the five TMS-identified pollen allergens with each of the three egg antigens revealed a low level of amino acid sequence identity. Further experiments indicated that the schistosome antigen/allergen cross-reactivity was mostly due to similar glycans present in helminths and plants, but not in mammals: so called cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCDs). Previously, CCDs have been implicated in the cross-reactivity between many plants and invertebrates. Furthermore, pollen-induced anti-CCD IgGs have been found in sera of patients undergoing allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) and implicated in the treatment of the allergy. Thus, our finding provides not only possible explanations for the allergy-protective effect of helminth/schistosome infections as explained by the hygiene hypothesis, but also a potential starting point for improved SIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E Igetei
- School of Life Sciences, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottinghamshire NG7 2RD, UK; Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
| | - Marwa El-Faham
- School of Life Sciences, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottinghamshire NG7 2RD, UK; Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Susan Liddell
- School of Biosciences, Sutton Bonington Campus, University of Nottingham LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Gabriele Schramm
- Research Center Borstel, Priority Area Asthma and Allergy, Experimental Pneumology, Parkallee 22, D-23845 Borstel, Germany
| | - Michael J Doenhoff
- School of Life Sciences, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottinghamshire NG7 2RD, UK
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43
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Shen M, Joshi AA, Vannam R, Dixit CK, Hamilton RG, Kumar CV, Rusling JF, Peczuh MW. Epitope-Resolved Detection of Peanut-Specific IgE Antibodies by Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging. Chembiochem 2018; 19:199-202. [PMID: 29232483 PMCID: PMC5965296 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Peanut allergy can be life-threatening and is mediated by allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. Investigation of IgE antibody binding to allergenic epitopes can identify specific interactions underlying the allergic response. Here, we report a surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) immunoassay for differentiating IgE antibodies by epitope-resolved detection. IgE antibodies were first captured by magnetic beads bearing IgE ϵ-chain-specific antibodies and then introduced into an SPRi array immobilized with epitopes from the major peanut allergen glycoprotein Arachis hypogaea h2 (Ara h2). Differential epitope responses were achieved by establishing a binding environment that minimized cross-reactivity while maximizing analytical sensitivity. IgE antibody binding to each Ara h2 epitope was distinguished and quantified from patient serum samples (10 μL each) in a 45 min assay. Excellent correlation of Ara h2-specific IgE values was found between ImmunoCAP assays and the new SPRi method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Shen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Amit A Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Raghu Vannam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Chandra K Dixit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Robert G Hamilton
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Challa V Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - James F Rusling
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Mark W Peczuh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
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Li LX, Rautengarten C, Heazlewood JL, Doering TL. Xylose donor transport is critical for fungal virulence. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1006765. [PMID: 29346417 PMCID: PMC5773217 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans, an AIDS-defining opportunistic pathogen, is the leading cause of fungal meningitis worldwide and is responsible for hundreds of thousands of deaths annually. Cryptococcal glycans are required for fungal survival in the host and for pathogenesis. Most glycans are made in the secretory pathway, although the activated precursors for their synthesis, nucleotide sugars, are made primarily in the cytosol. Nucleotide sugar transporters are membrane proteins that solve this topological problem, by exchanging nucleotide sugars for the corresponding nucleoside phosphates. The major virulence factor of C. neoformans is an anti-phagocytic polysaccharide capsule that is displayed on the cell surface; capsule polysaccharides are also shed from the cell and impede the host immune response. Xylose, a neutral monosaccharide that is absent from model yeast, is a significant capsule component. Here we show that Uxt1 and Uxt2 are both transporters specific for the xylose donor, UDP-xylose, although they exhibit distinct subcellular localization, expression patterns, and kinetic parameters. Both proteins also transport the galactofuranose donor, UDP-galactofuranose. We further show that Uxt1 and Uxt2 are required for xylose incorporation into capsule and protein; they are also necessary for C. neoformans to cause disease in mice, although surprisingly not for fungal viability in the context of infection. These findings provide a starting point for deciphering the substrate specificity of an important class of transporters, elucidate a synthetic pathway that may be productively targeted for therapy, and contribute to our understanding of fundamental glycobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy X. Li
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | | | | | - Tamara L. Doering
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Li T, Li M, Hou L, Guo Y, Wang L, Sun G, Chen L. Identification and characterization of a core fucosidase from the bacterium Elizabethkingia meningoseptica. J Biol Chem 2017; 293:1243-1258. [PMID: 29196602 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.804252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
All reported α-l-fucosidases catalyze the removal of nonreducing terminal l-fucoses from oligosaccharides or their conjugates, while having no capacity to hydrolyze core fucoses in glycoproteins directly. Here, we identified an α-fucosidase from the bacterium Elizabethkingia meningoseptica with catalytic activity against core α-1,3-fucosylated substrates, and we named it core fucosidase I (cFase I). Using site-specific mutational analysis, we found that three acidic residues (Asp-242, Glu-302, and Glu-315) in the predicted active pocket are critical for cFase I activity, with Asp-242 and Glu-315 acting as a pair of classic nucleophile and acid/base residues and Glu-302 acting in an as yet undefined role. These findings suggest a catalytic mechanism for cFase I that is different from known α-fucosidase catalytic models. In summary, cFase I exhibits glycosidase activity that removes core α-1,3-fucoses from substrates, suggesting cFase I as a new tool for glycobiology, especially for studies of proteins with core fucosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiansheng Li
- From the Department of Medical Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of the Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032 and
| | - Mengjie Li
- From the Department of Medical Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of the Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032 and
| | - Linlin Hou
- From the Department of Medical Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of the Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032 and
| | - Yameng Guo
- From the Department of Medical Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of the Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032 and
| | - Lei Wang
- From the Department of Medical Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of the Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032 and
| | - Guiqin Sun
- the College of Medical Technology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Li Chen
- From the Department of Medical Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of the Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032 and
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Kamath SD, Johnston EB, Iyer S, Schaeffer PM, Koplin J, Allen K, Lopata AL. IgE reactivity to shrimp allergens in infants and their cross-reactivity to house dust mite. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2017; 28:703-707. [PMID: 28782222 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandip D Kamath
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia.,Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia.,Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia.,Centre for Food Allergy and Research, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Elecia B Johnston
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia.,Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia.,Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia
| | - Swati Iyer
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia.,Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia.,Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia
| | - Patrick M Schaeffer
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia.,Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia.,Supramolecular& Synthetic Biology Group, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia
| | - Jennifer Koplin
- Centre for Food Allergy and Research, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Katrina Allen
- Centre for Food Allergy and Research, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Andreas L Lopata
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia.,Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia.,Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia.,Centre for Food Allergy and Research, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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Wang T, Hu XC, Cai ZP, Voglmeir J, Liu L. Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Carbohydrate Modification on Glycoproteins from Seeds of Ginkgo biloba. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:7669-7679. [PMID: 28800704 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b01690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Recent progress in the relationship between carbohydrate cross-reactive determinants (CCDs) and allergic response highlights the importance of carbohydrate moieties in the innate immune system. Previous research pointed out that the protein allergen in Ginkgo biloba seeds is glycosylated, and the oligosaccharides conjugated to these proteins might also contribute to the allergy. The aim of this study was to analyze carbohydrate moieties, especially N-linked glycans, of glycoproteins from Ginkgo seeds originating from different places for detailed structures, to enable further research on the role played by N-glycans in Ginkgo-caused allergy. Results of monosaccharide composition and immunoblotting assays indicated the existence of N-glycans. Detailed structural elucidation of the N-glycans was further carried out by means of hydrophilic interaction ultraperformance liquid chromatography (HILIC-UPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). In total, 14 out of 16 structures detected by UPLC were confirmed by MALDI-TOF-MS and tandem mass spectrometry, among which complex-type N-glycans bearing Lewis A determinants and high-mannose-type N-glycans were identified from Ginkgo seeds for the first time. Precise quantification of N-glycans was performed by use of an external standard, and both the absolute amount of each N-glycan and the percentage of different types of N-glycan showed significant diversity among the samples without any pattern of geographic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Xiao-Chun Hu
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Cai
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Josef Voglmeir
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Li Liu
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
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Amoah AS, Boakye DA, Yazdanbakhsh M, van Ree R. Influence of Parasitic Worm Infections on Allergy Diagnosis in Sub-Saharan Africa. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2017; 17:65. [PMID: 28861721 PMCID: PMC5579067 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-017-0733-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies from Sub-Saharan Africa indicate that allergies are on the rise in this region especially in urban compared to rural areas. This increase has been linked to improved hygiene, lifestyle changes, and lower exposure to pathogens in childhood. Reduced exposure to parasitic worm (helminth) infections and allergy outcomes has been the focus of a number of population studies over the years. Paradoxically, there are parallels in the immune responses to helminths and to allergies. Both conditions are associated with elevated levels of immunoglobulin E, high numbers of T helper 2 cells, eosinophils, and mast cells. These immune parallels have meant that the diagnosis of allergies in parts of the world where helminths are endemic can be hampered. The aim of this review is to examine observations from population studies conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa that demonstrate how helminth infections influence the parameters used to diagnose allergy outcomes in this region. We explore specifically how helminth infections hinder the in vitro diagnosis of allergic sensitization, influence the clinical manifestations of allergy, and also the effect of anthelmintic treatment on allergy outcomes. Advancing our understanding of how helminths influence allergy diagnosis is imperative for the development of improved tools to assess, diagnose, and treat allergic disorders in both helminth-endemic and non-endemic countries worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abena S Amoah
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Daniel A Boakye
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Maria Yazdanbakhsh
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald van Ree
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Endolysosomal Degradation of Allergenic Ole e 1-Like Proteins: Analysis of Proteolytic Cleavage Sites Revealing T Cell Epitope-Containing Peptides. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081780. [PMID: 28812992 PMCID: PMC5578169 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the susceptibility of proteins to endolysosomal proteases provides valuable information on immunogenicity. Though Ole e 1-like proteins are considered relevant allergens, little is known about their immunogenic properties and T cell epitopes. Thus, six representative molecules, i.e., Ole e 1, Fra e 1, Sal k 5, Che a 1, Phl p 11 and Pla l 1, were investigated. Endolysosomal degradation and peptide generation were simulated using microsomal fractions of JAWS II dendritic cells. Kinetics and peptide patterns were evaluated by gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. In silico MHC (major histocompatibility complex) class II binding prediction was performed with ProPred. Cleavage sites were assigned to the primary and secondary structure, and in silico docking experiments between the protease cathepsin S and Ole e 1 were performed. Different kinetics during endolysosomal degradation were observed while similar peptide profiles especially at the C-termini were detected. Typically, the identified peptide clusters comprised the previously-reported T cell epitopes of Ole e 1, consistent with an in silico analysis of the T cell epitopes. The results emphasize the importance of the fold on allergen processing, as also reflected by conserved cleavage sites located within the large flexible loop. In silico docking and mass spectrometry results suggest that one of the first Ole e 1 cleavages might occur at positions 107–108. Our results provided kinetic and structural information on endolysosomal processing of Ole e 1-like proteins.
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Osada T, Maeda M, Tanabe C, Furuta K, Vavricka CJ, Sasaki E, Okano M, Kimura Y. Glycoform of a newly identified pollen allergen, Cha o 3, from Chamaecyparis obtusa (Japanese cypress, Hinoki). Carbohydr Res 2017; 448:18-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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