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Thangaraj SS, Christiansen SH, Graversen JH, Sidelmann JJ, Hansen SWK, Bygum A, Gram JB, Palarasah Y. Contact activation-induced complex formation between complement factor H and coagulation factor XIIa. J Thromb Haemost 2020; 18:876-884. [PMID: 31984663 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The complement and coagulation systems share an evolutionary origin with many components showing structural homology. Certain components, including complement factor H (FH) and coagulation factor XII (FXII), have separately been shown to have auxiliary activities across the two systems. OBJECTIVES The interaction between FXII and FH was investigated. METHODS Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) complex formation between different FXII forms and FH was investigated. The presence of α-FXIIa:FH complexes upon contact activation in plasma was evaluated by ELISA and immunoprecipitation. RESULTS We identified and characterized a direct interaction between the components and demonstrated that among different forms of FXII, only the activated α-FXIIa formed complexes with FH, with an apparent binding strength Kd of 34 ± 9 nmol/L. The complex formation involved the kringle domain of the heavy chain of FXII. C1-inhibitor induced inhibition of α-FXIIa did not alter the binding of α-FXIIa toward FH. We further demonstrated the presence of α-FXIIa:FH complexes in normal human plasma upon contact activation, indicating formation of α-FXIIa:FH complexes as a consequence of α-FXIIa generation. Complex formation between α-FXIIa and FH was also assessed in hereditary angioedema (HAE) patients with C1-inhibitor deficiency as well as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with high levels of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) upon contact activation. We observed elevated levels of α-FXIIa:FH complexes in HAE patients, and equal levels of complexes in RA patients and healthy individuals upon contact activation. CONCLUSION A direct interaction between α-FXIIa and FH is demonstrated. Our findings represent a new crosstalk between these systems, potentially important in the onset and pathology of inflammatory vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Sindhu Thangaraj
- Unit for Thrombosis Research, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Stig Hill Christiansen
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jonas Heilskov Graversen
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Johannes Jakobsen Sidelmann
- Unit for Thrombosis Research, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Søren Werner Karlskov Hansen
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anette Bygum
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Brodersen Gram
- Unit for Thrombosis Research, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Yaseelan Palarasah
- Unit for Thrombosis Research, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark
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Bohnsack RN, Patel M, Olson LJ, Twining SS, Dahms NM. Residues essential for plasminogen binding by the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor. Biochemistry 2010; 49:635-44. [PMID: 20028034 DOI: 10.1021/bi901779p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The 300 kDa cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor (CI-MPR) is a multifunctional protein that binds diverse intracellular and extracellular ligands with high affinity. The CI-MPR is a receptor for plasminogen, and this interaction can be inhibited by lysine analogues. To characterize the molecular basis for this interaction, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analyses were performed using truncated forms of the CI-MPR and plasminogen. The results show that the N-terminal region of the CI-MPR containing domains 1 and 2, but not domain 1 alone, of the receptor's 15-domain extracytoplasmic region binds plasminogen (K(d) = 5 +/- 1 nM) with an affinity similar to that of the full-length receptor (K(d) = 20 +/- 6 nM). In addition to its C-terminal serine protease domain, plasminogen contains lysine binding sites (LBS), which are located within each of its five kringle domains, except kringle 3. We show that kringles 1-4, but not kringles 1-3, bind the CI-MPR, indicating an essential role for the LBS in kringle 4 of plasminogen. To identify the lysine residue(s) of the CI-MPR that serve(s) as an essential determinant for recognition by the LBS of plasminogen, site-directed mutagenesis studies were carried out using a construct encoding the N-terminal three domains of the CI-MPR (Dom1-3His) which contains both a mannose 6-phosphate (Man-6-P) and plasminogen binding site. The results demonstrate two lysine residues (Lys53 located in domain 1 and Lys125 located in the loop connecting domains 1 and 2) of the CI-MPR are key determinants for plasminogen binding but are not required for Man-6-P binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard N Bohnsack
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
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Fan CY, Huang CC, Chiu WC, Lai CC, Liou GG, Li HC, Chou MY. Production of multivalent protein binders using a self-trimerizing collagen-like peptide scaffold. FASEB J 2008; 22:3795-804. [PMID: 18635738 DOI: 10.1096/fj.08-111484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A class of multivalent protein binders was designed to overcome the limitations of low-affinity therapeutic antibodies. These binders, termed "collabodies," use a triplex-forming collagen-like peptide to drive the trimerization of a heterologous target-binding domain. Different forms of collabody, consisting of the human single-chain variable fragment (scFv) fused to either the N or C terminus of the collagen-like peptide scaffold (Gly-Pro-Pro)(10), were stably expressed as soluble secretory proteins in mammalian cells. The collabody consisting of scFv fused to the N terminus of collagen scaffold is present as a homotrimer, whereas it exhibited a mixture of trimer and interchain disulfide-bonded hexamer when cysteine residues were introduced and flanked the scaffold. The collagenous motif in collabody is prolyl-hydroxylated, with remarkable thermal and serum stabilities. The collabody erb_scFv-Col bound to the extracellular domain of epidermal growth factor receptor with a binding strength approximately 20- and 1000-fold stronger than the bivalent and monovalent counterparts, respectively. The trimeric collagen scaffold does not compromise the functionality of the binding moieties of parental immunoglobulin G (IgG); therefore, it could be applied to fuse other protein molecules to acquire significantly improved targeting-binding strengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yu Fan
- Biomedical Engineering Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Bldg. 53, No 195, Sec. 4, Chung Hsing Rd., Chutung, Hsinchu 310, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Medynski D, Tuan M, Liu W, Wu S, Lin X. Refolding, purification, and activation of miniplasminogen and microplasminogen isolated from E. coli inclusion bodies. Protein Expr Purif 2007; 52:395-402. [PMID: 17126563 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2006.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2006] [Revised: 10/14/2006] [Accepted: 10/18/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Two des-kringle derivatives of human plasminogen, microplasminogen and miniplasminogen, have been expressed at high levels as inclusion bodies in Escherichia coli using a T7 expression system. In each case, the isolated inclusion bodies were refolded and purified. A final yield of approximately 10% of total refolded protein was observed in each case. Both refolded molecules were successfully activated to their functional forms, microplasmin and miniplasmin, by the plasminogen activator urokinase. The kinetic properties of the refolded microplasmin and miniplasmin were comparable to full length, native plasmin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Medynski
- Proteomtech Inc., 3505 Cadillac Ave., Building F7, Costa Mesa, CA 92626, USA
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Mylona-Karayanni C, Gourgiotis D, Bossios A, Kamper EF. Oxidative stress and adhesion molecules in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a possible link. Pediatr Diabetes 2006; 7:51-9. [PMID: 16489975 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-543x.2006.00147.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether oxidative stress parameters were correlated with adhesion molecules derived from endothelial/platelet activation in a group of juveniles with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). SUBJECTS AND METHODS Indicative parameters of patient oxidant/antioxidant capacity were measured and associated with P-selectin and tetranectin (TN), markers of endothelial/platelet activation, in the plasma of 45 diabetic children and adolescents and 20 healthy age-matched subjects (HS). RESULTS Significantly, higher nitrate/nitrite (NOx) and lipid hydroperoxide (LPO) levels (p=0.049 and p=0.0011, respectively), lower glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx; p=0.038), and elevated TN and P-selectin plasma levels (p=0.0046 and p=0.042, respectively) were found in T1DM children compared with HS. Well-controlled T1DM children (HbA1c <or= 7%) showed significantly lower GPx (p=0.0259), higher NOx and LPO (p=0.01093 and p=0.0092, respectively) compared with HS, while poorly controlled patients (HbA1c >7%) showed significantly higher TN, sP-selectin and LPO (p=0.0064, p=0.0234 and p=0.0121, respectively), a tendency to higher NOx (p=0.063) compared with HS and only TN higher (p=0.0123) compared with well-controlled patients. Patients with shorter diabetes duration (<or=3 yr) showed significantly higher LPO and TN (p=0.034 and 0.017, respectively), a tendency to higher NOx and lower GPx and higher P-selectin, while those with longer duration (>3 yr) differed significantly in all the examined parameters (TN, p=0.0015; GPx, p=0.0420; NOx, p=0.0196; LPO, p=0.0054; sP-selectin, p=0.0187) compared with HS. CONCLUSIONS Decreased antioxidative protection from simultaneous LPO and NOx overproduction is evident in T1DM juveniles with a parallel endothelial/platelet activation even in the first years of the disease, being more pronounced later in diabetes progression, contributing to the vascular complications of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Mylona-Karayanni
- Second Department of Pediatric Clinic, Aglaia Kyriakou Pediatric Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Binz HK, Amstutz P, Plückthun A. Engineering novel binding proteins from nonimmunoglobulin domains. Nat Biotechnol 2005; 23:1257-68. [PMID: 16211069 DOI: 10.1038/nbt1127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 529] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Not all adaptive immune systems use the immunoglobulin fold as the basis for specific recognition molecules: sea lampreys, for example, have evolved an adaptive immune system that is based on leucine-rich repeat proteins. Additionally, many other proteins, not necessarily involved in adaptive immunity, mediate specific high-affinity interactions. Such alternatives to immunoglobulins represent attractive starting points for the design of novel binding molecules for research and clinical applications. Indeed, through progress and increased experience in library design and selection technologies, gained not least from working with synthetic antibody libraries, researchers have now exploited many of these novel scaffolds as tailor-made affinity reagents. Significant progress has been made not only in the basic science of generating specific binding molecules, but also in applications of the selected binders in laboratory procedures, proteomics, diagnostics and therapy. Challenges ahead include identifying applications where these novel proteins can not only be an alternative, but can enable approaches so far deemed technically impossible, and delineate those therapeutic applications commensurate with the molecular properties of the respective proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kaspar Binz
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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Mogues T, Etzerodt M, Hall C, Engelich G, Graversen JH, Hartshorn KL. Tetranectin Binds to the Kringle 1-4 Form of Angiostatin and Modifies Its Functional Activity. J Biomed Biotechnol 2004; 2004:73-78. [PMID: 15240916 PMCID: PMC548802 DOI: 10.1155/s1110724304307096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetranectin is a plasminogen kringle 4 domain-binding protein present in plasma and various tissue locations. Decreased plasma tetranectin or increased tetranectin in stroma of cancers correlates with cancer progression and adverse prognosis. A possible mechanism through which tetranectin could influence cancer progression is by altering activities of plasminogen or the plasminogen fragment, angiostatin. Tetranectin was found to bind to the kringle 1-4 form of angiostatin (AST $;{\text{K1-4}}$ ). In addition, tetranectin inhibited binding of plasminogen or AST $;{\text{K1-4}}$ to extracellular matrix (ECM) deposited by endothelial cells. Finally, tetranectin partially counteracted the ability of AST $;{\text{K1-4}}$ to inhibit proliferation of endothelial cells. This latter effect of tetranectin was specific for AST $;{\text{K1-4}}$ since it did not counteract the antiproliferative activities of the kringle 1-3 form of angiostatin (AST $;{\text{K1-3}}$ ) or endostatin. These findings suggest that tetranectin may modulate angiogenesis through interactions with AST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tirsit Mogues
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, School of Medicine,
Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Michael Etzerodt
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Department of Molecular and Structural Biology, University of Aarhus, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Crystal Hall
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, School of Medicine,
Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Georg Engelich
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, School of Medicine,
Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Jonas H. Graversen
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Department of Molecular and Structural Biology, University of Aarhus, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kevan L. Hartshorn
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, School of Medicine,
Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- *Kevan L. Hartshorn:
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Caterer NR, Graversen JH, Jacobsen C, Moestrup SK, Sigurskjold BW, Etzerodt M, Thøgersen HC. Specificity determinants in the interaction of apolipoprotein(a) kringles with tetranectin and LDL. Biol Chem 2002; 383:1743-50. [PMID: 12530539 DOI: 10.1515/bc.2002.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Lipoprotein(a) is composed of low density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein(a). Apolipoprotein(a) has evolved from plasminogen and contains 10 different plasminogen kringle 4 homologous domains [KIV(1-110)]. Previous studies indicated that lipoprotein(a) non-covalently binds the N-terminal region of lipoprotein B100 and the plasminogen kringle 4 binding plasma protein tetranectin. In this study recombinant KIV(2), KIV(7) and KIV(10) derived from apolipoprotein(a) were produced in E. coli and the binding to tetranectin and low density lipoprotein was examined. Only KIV(10) bound to tetranectin and binding was similar to that of plasminogen kringle 4 to tetranectin. Only KIV(7) bound to LDL. In order to identify the residues responsible for the difference in specificity between KIV(7) and KIV(10), a number of surface-exposed residues located around the lysine binding clefts were exchanged. Ligand binding analysis of these derivatives showed that Y62, and to a minor extent W32 and E56, of KIV(7) are important for LDL binding to KIV(7), whereas R32 and D56 of KIV(10) are required for tetranectin binding of KIV(10).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel R Caterer
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Department of Molecular and Structural Biology, Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Leavitt S, Freire E. Direct measurement of protein binding energetics by isothermal titration calorimetry. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2001; 11:560-6. [PMID: 11785756 DOI: 10.1016/s0959-440x(00)00248-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 471] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Of all the techniques that are currently available to measure binding, isothermal titration calorimetry is the only one capable of measuring not only the magnitude of the binding affinity but also the magnitude of the two thermodynamic terms that define the binding affinity: the enthalpy (AH) and entropy (AS) changes. Recent advances in instrumentation have facilitated the development of experimental designs that permit the direct measurement of arbitrarily high binding affinities, the coupling of binding to protonation/deprotonation processes and the analysis of binding thermodynamics in terms of structural parameters. Because isothermal titration calorimetry has the capability to measure different energetic contributions to the binding affinity, it provides a unique bridge between computational and experimental analysis. As such, it is increasingly becoming an essential tool in molecular design.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Leavitt
- Department of Biology and Biocalorimetry Center, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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Abstract
We have compiled a comprehensive list of the articles published in the year 2000 that describe work employing commercial optical biosensors. Selected reviews of interest for the general biosensor user are highlighted. Emerging applications in areas of drug discovery, clinical support, food and environment monitoring, and cell membrane biology are emphasized. In addition, the experimental design and data processing steps necessary to achieve high-quality biosensor data are described and examples of well-performed kinetic analysis are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Rich
- Center for Biomolecular Interaction Analysis, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
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