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Yadunandanan Nair N, Samuel V, Ramesh L, Marib A, David DT, Sundararaman A. Actin cytoskeleton in angiogenesis. Biol Open 2022; 11:bio058899. [PMID: 36444960 PMCID: PMC9729668 DOI: 10.1242/bio.058899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Actin, one of the most abundant intracellular proteins in mammalian cells, is a critical regulator of cell shape and polarity, migration, cell division, and transcriptional response. Angiogenesis, or the formation of new blood vessels in the body is a well-coordinated multi-step process. Endothelial cells lining the blood vessels acquire several new properties such as front-rear polarity, invasiveness, rapid proliferation and motility during angiogenesis. This is achieved by changes in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. Actin remodelling underlies the switch between the quiescent and angiogenic state of the endothelium. Actin forms endothelium-specific structures that support uniquely endothelial functions. Actin regulators at endothelial cell-cell junctions maintain the integrity of the blood-tissue barrier while permitting trans-endothelial leukocyte migration. This review focuses on endothelial actin structures and less-recognised actin-mediated endothelial functions. Readers are referred to other recent reviews for the well-recognised roles of actin in endothelial motility, barrier functions and leukocyte transmigration. Actin generates forces that are transmitted to the extracellular matrix resulting in vascular matrix remodelling. In this review, we attempt to synthesize our current understanding of the roles of actin in vascular morphogenesis. We speculate on the vascular bed specific differences in endothelial actin regulation and its role in the vast heterogeneity in endothelial morphology and function across the various tissues of our body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Yadunandanan Nair
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India695014
| | - Victor Samuel
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India695014
| | - Lariza Ramesh
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India695014
| | - Areeba Marib
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India695014
| | - Deena T. David
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India695014
| | - Ananthalakshmy Sundararaman
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India695014
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Chen IT, Huang LT, Chen CC, Chen CM. Molecular mechanisms underlying hyperoxia-induced lung fibrosis. Pediatr Neonatol 2022; 63:109-116. [PMID: 35181258 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplemental oxygen is often used to treat newborns with respiratory disorders. Exposure to high concentration of oxygen and long-term oxygen causes inflammation and acute lung injury. The acute inflammatory phase is followed by a fibroproliferative repair phase, leading to lung fibrosis. Many infants with lung fibrosis develop significant respiratory morbidities including reactive airways dysfunction and obstructive lung disease during childhood. Despite the absence of effective treatments and the incomplete understanding regarding mechanisms underlying fibrosis, extensive literature regarding lung fibrosis from in vitro and in vivo hyperoxia-exposed models is available. In this review, we discuss molecular mediators and signaling pathways responsible for increased fibroblast proliferation and collagen production, excessive extracellular matrix accumulation, and eventually, lung fibrosis. We discuss each of these mediators separately to facilitate clear understanding as well as significant interactions occurring among these molecular mediators and signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Ting Chen
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Ti Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Chen
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ming Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Zhu J, Kovacs L, Han W, Liu G, Huo Y, Lucas R, Fulton D, Greer PA, Su Y. Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent Calpain Activation Contributes to Airway and Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:804-818. [PMID: 31088299 PMCID: PMC7061305 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Aims: Airway and pulmonary vascular remodeling is an important pathological feature in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Tobacco smoke (TS) induces the production of large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in COPD lungs. We investigated how ROS lead to airway and pulmonary vascular remodeling in COPD. Results: We used in vitro bronchial and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (BSMCs and PASMCs), in vivo TS-induced COPD rodent models, and lung tissues of COPD patients. We found that H2O2 and TS extract (TSE) induced calpain activation in BSMCs and PASMCs. Calpain activation was elevated in smooth muscle of bronchi and pulmonary arterioles in COPD patients and TS-induced COPD rodent models. Calpain inhibition attenuated H2O2- and TSE-induced collagen synthesis and proliferation of BSMCs and PASMCs. Exposure to TS causes increases in airway resistance, right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), and thickening of bronchi and pulmonary arteries. Calpain inhibition by smooth muscle-specific knockout of calpain and the calpain inhibitor MDL28170 attenuated increases in airway resistance, RVSP, and thickening of bronchi and pulmonary arteries. Moreover, smooth muscle-specific knockout of calpain did not reduce TS-induced emphysema in the mouse model, but MDL28170 did reduce TS-induced emphysema in the rat model. Innovation: This study provides the first evidence that ROS-induced calpain activation contributes to airway and pulmonary vascular remodeling in TS-induced COPD. Calpain might be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of COPD. Conclusion: These results indicate that ROS-induced calpain activation contributes to airway and pulmonary vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Laszlo Kovacs
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Weihong Han
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Guojun Liu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Yuqing Huo
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Rudolf Lucas
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - David Fulton
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Peter A. Greer
- Queen's University Cancer Research Institute, Kingston, Canada
| | - Yunchao Su
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
- Research Service, Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
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Fels J, Kusche-Vihrog K. Endothelial Nanomechanics in the Context of Endothelial (Dys)function and Inflammation. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:945-959. [PMID: 29433330 PMCID: PMC6354603 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Stiffness of endothelial cells is closely linked to the function of the vasculature as it regulates the release of vasoactive substances such as nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species. The outer layer of endothelial cells, consisting of the glycocalyx above and the cortical zone beneath the plasma membrane, is a vulnerable compartment able to adapt its nanomechanical properties to any changes of forces exerted by the adjacent blood stream. Sustained stiffening of this layer contributes to the development of endothelial dysfunction and vascular pathologies. Recent Advances: The development of specific techniques to quantify the mechanical properties of cells enables the detailed investigation of the mechanistic link between structure and function of cells. CRITICAL ISSUES Challenging the mechanical stiffness of cells, for instance, by inflammatory mediators can lead to the development of endothelial dysfunction. Prevention of sustained stiffening of the outer layer of endothelial cells in turn improves endothelial function. FUTURE DIRECTIONS The mechanical properties of cells can be used as critical marker and test system for the proper function of the vascular system. Pharmacological substances, which are able to improve endothelial nanomechanics and function, could take a new importance in the prevention and treatment of vascular diseases. Thus, detailed knowledge acquisition about the structure/function relationship of endothelial cells and the underlying signaling pathways should be promoted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Fels
- Institute of Cell Dynamics and Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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Zou D, Li J, Fan Q, Zheng X, Deng J, Wang S. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species induce cell apoptosis via a mitochondria‐dependent pathway in hyperoxia lung injury. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:4837-4850. [PMID: 30592322 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Zou
- Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qianqian Fan
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuemei Zheng
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Women and Children Health Institute Futian, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian Deng
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Women and Children Health Institute Futian, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Women and Children Health Institute Futian, Shenzhen, China
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Chao CM, van den Bruck R, Lork S, Merkle J, Krampen L, Weil PP, Aydin M, Bellusci S, Jenke AC, Postberg J. Neonatal exposure to hyperoxia leads to persistent disturbances in pulmonary histone signatures associated with NOS3 and STAT3 in a mouse model. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:37. [PMID: 29581793 PMCID: PMC5861728 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0469-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early pulmonary oxygen exposure is one of the most important factors implicated in the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Methods Here, we analyzed short- and long-term effects of neonatal hyperoxia on NOS3 and STAT3 expression and corresponding epigenetic signatures using a hyperoxia-based mouse model of BPD. Results Early hyperoxia exposure led to a significant increase in NOS3 (median fold change × 2.37, IQR 1.54–3.68) and STAT3 (median fold change × 2.83, IQR 2.21–3.88) mRNA levels in pulmonary endothelial cells with corresponding changes in histone modification patterns such as H2aZac and H3K9ac hyperacetylation at the respective gene loci. No complete restoration in histone signatures at these loci was observed, and responsivity to later hyperoxia was altered in mouse lungs. In vitro, histone signatures in human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) remained altered for several weeks after an initial long-term exposure to trichostatin A. This was associated with a substantial increase in baseline eNOS (median 27.2, IQR 22.3–35.6) and STAT3α (median 5.8, IQR 4.8–7.3) mRNA levels with a subsequent significant reduction in eNOS expression upon exposure to hypoxia. Conclusions Early hyperoxia induced permanent changes in histones signatures at the NOS3 and STAT3 gene locus might partly explain the altered vascular response patterns in children with BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cho-Ming Chao
- 1Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany.,2University Children's Hospital Gießen, Division of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University, Gießen, Germany
| | - Rhea van den Bruck
- 3Department of Pediatrics, HELIOS Medical Center Wuppertal, Center for Clinical & Translational Research (CCTR), Center for Biomedical Education & Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Samantha Lork
- 3Department of Pediatrics, HELIOS Medical Center Wuppertal, Center for Clinical & Translational Research (CCTR), Center for Biomedical Education & Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Janica Merkle
- 3Department of Pediatrics, HELIOS Medical Center Wuppertal, Center for Clinical & Translational Research (CCTR), Center for Biomedical Education & Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Laura Krampen
- 3Department of Pediatrics, HELIOS Medical Center Wuppertal, Center for Clinical & Translational Research (CCTR), Center for Biomedical Education & Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Patrick P Weil
- 3Department of Pediatrics, HELIOS Medical Center Wuppertal, Center for Clinical & Translational Research (CCTR), Center for Biomedical Education & Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Malik Aydin
- 3Department of Pediatrics, HELIOS Medical Center Wuppertal, Center for Clinical & Translational Research (CCTR), Center for Biomedical Education & Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- 1Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas C Jenke
- 3Department of Pediatrics, HELIOS Medical Center Wuppertal, Center for Clinical & Translational Research (CCTR), Center for Biomedical Education & Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Wuppertal, Germany.,4EKO Children's Hospital, Oberhausen, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen Str. 40, Witten, Germany
| | - Jan Postberg
- 3Department of Pediatrics, HELIOS Medical Center Wuppertal, Center for Clinical & Translational Research (CCTR), Center for Biomedical Education & Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Wuppertal, Germany
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Fulton DJR, Li X, Bordan Z, Haigh S, Bentley A, Chen F, Barman SA. Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species in the Development of Pulmonary Hypertension. Antioxidants (Basel) 2017; 6:antiox6030054. [PMID: 28684719 PMCID: PMC5618082 DOI: 10.3390/antiox6030054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease of the lung vasculature that involves the loss of endothelial function together with inappropriate smooth muscle cell growth, inflammation, and fibrosis. These changes underlie a progressive remodeling of blood vessels that alters flow and increases pulmonary blood pressure. Elevated pressures in the pulmonary artery imparts a chronic stress on the right ventricle which undergoes compensatory hypertrophy but eventually fails. How PAH develops remains incompletely understood and evidence for the altered production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS, RNS respectively) in the pulmonary circulation has been well documented. There are many different types of ROS and RNS, multiple sources, and collective actions and interactions. This review summarizes past and current knowledge of the sources of ROS and RNS and how they may contribute to the loss of endothelial function and changes in smooth muscle proliferation in the pulmonary circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J R Fulton
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
| | - Xueyi Li
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
| | - Zsuzsanna Bordan
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
| | - Stephen Haigh
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
| | - Austin Bentley
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Scott A Barman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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8
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Ames PRJ, Guardascione M, Batuca JR, Arcaro A, Gentile F, Amitrano L. Nitric oxide metabolites, nitrative stress, and paraoxonase activity in hepatopulmonary syndrome. Scand J Gastroenterol 2016; 51:73-7. [PMID: 26051624 DOI: 10.3109/00365521.2015.1049656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate possible abnormalities of vasoactive compounds, nitrative stress, and antioxidant activity of paraoxonase (PONa) in human hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS), we determined endothelin-1 (ET), nitric oxide (NOx) metabolites, PONa alongside crude plasma nitrotyrosine (NT) as surrogate marker of nitrative stress. MATERIAL AND METHODS Liver cirrhosis (LC) patients with HPS (n = 12) were matched by age, sex, and Child-Pugh score to LC patients without HPS (n = 15) and to healthy controls (CTR) (n = 15); plasma NO2(-) (nitrite) (vascular metabolite), NO3(-) (nitrate) (inflammatory metabolite), and PONa were determined by a colorimetric assay, ET, and NT by immunoassays. RESULTS HPS patients showed higher level of ET (p = 0.0002), NO2(-) (p = 0.002), NO3(-) (p = 0.0001), NT (p < 0.0001), and lower PONa (p = 0.0004) than CTR; post-hoc analysis revealed greater ET (p < 0.05) and NO3(-) (p < 0.005) in LC patients with HPS than in LC patients without HPS. NT correlated to Child-Pugh score within HPS (p = 0.04) and LC (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION Our HPS patients are characterized by elevated plasma levels of ET and NOx metabolites and lower PONa. Reduced PONa alongside elevated NO3(-) and NT suggests that defective antioxidation may favor nitrative stress and both may be implicated in the pathogenesis of HPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul R J Ames
- a 1 Haemostasis & Thrombosis Department, Royal Infirmary Edinburgh , Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | | | - Joana R Batuca
- c 3 CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alessia Arcaro
- c 3 CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Fabrizio Gentile
- d 4 Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze della Salute, Università del Molise , 86010 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Lucio Amitrano
- b 2 Gastroenterology Unit, Ospedale A. Cardarelli Hospital , Napoli, Italy
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Shu X, Keller TCS, Begandt D, Butcher JT, Biwer L, Keller AS, Columbus L, Isakson BE. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase in the microcirculation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:4561-75. [PMID: 26390975 PMCID: PMC4628887 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2021-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS, NOS3) is responsible for producing nitric oxide (NO)--a key molecule that can directly (or indirectly) act as a vasodilator and anti-inflammatory mediator. In this review, we examine the structural effects of regulation of the eNOS enzyme, including post-translational modifications and subcellular localization. After production, NO diffuses to surrounding cells with a variety of effects. We focus on the physiological role of NO and NO-derived molecules, including microvascular effects on vessel tone and immune response. Regulation of eNOS and NO action is complicated; we address endogenous and exogenous mechanisms of NO regulation with a discussion of pharmacological agents used in clinical and laboratory settings and a proposed role for eNOS in circulating red blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Shu
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, P.O. Box 801394, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - T C Stevenson Keller
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, P.O. Box 801394, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Daniela Begandt
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, P.O. Box 801394, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Joshua T Butcher
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, P.O. Box 801394, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Lauren Biwer
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, P.O. Box 801394, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Alexander S Keller
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, P.O. Box 801394, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Linda Columbus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Brant E Isakson
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, P.O. Box 801394, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, USA.
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10
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Kondrikov D, Fulton D, Dong Z, Su Y. Heat Shock Protein 70 Prevents Hyperoxia-Induced Disruption of Lung Endothelial Barrier via Caspase-Dependent and AIF-Dependent Pathways. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129343. [PMID: 26066050 PMCID: PMC4465980 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure of pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs) to hyperoxia results in a compromise in endothelial monolayer integrity, an increase in caspase-3 activity, and nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), a marker of caspase-independent apoptosis. In an endeavor to identify proteins involved in hyperoxic endothelial injury, we found that the protein expression of heat-shock protein 70 (Hsp70) was increased in hyperoxic PAECs. The hyperoxia-induced Hsp70 protein expression is from hspA1B gene. Neither inhibition nor overexpression of Hsp70 affected the first phase barrier disruption of endothelial monolayer. Nevertheless, inhibition of Hsp70 by using the Hsp70 inhibitor KNK437 or knock down Hsp70 using siRNA exaggerated and overexpression of Hsp70 prevented the second phase disruption of lung endothelial integrity. Moreover, inhibition of Hsp70 exacerbated and overexpression of Hsp70 prevented hyperoxia-induced apoptosis, caspase-3 activation, and increase in nuclear AIF protein level in PAECs. Furthermore, we found that Hsp70 interacted with AIF in the cytosol in hyperoxic PAECs. Inhibition of Hsp70/AIF association by KNK437 correlated with increased nuclear AIF level and apoptosis in KNK437-treated PAECs. Finally, the ROS scavenger NAC prevented the hyperoxia-induced increase in Hsp70 expression and reduced the interaction of Hsp70 with AIF in hyperoxic PAECs. Together, these data indicate that increased expression of Hsp70 plays a protective role against hyperoxia-induced lung endothelial barrier disruption through caspase-dependent and AIF-dependent apoptotic pathways. Association of Hsp70 with AIF prevents AIF nuclear translocation, contributing to the protective effect of Hsp70 on hyperoxia-induced endothelial apoptosis. The hyperoxia-induced increase in Hsp70 expression and Hsp70/AIF interaction is contributed to ROS formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Kondrikov
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America
| | - David Fulton
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America
- Research Service, Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States of America
| | - Yunchao Su
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America
- Research Service, Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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11
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Bao XC, Fang YQ, You P, Zhang S, Ma J. Protective role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-β/δ against pulmonary oxygen toxicity mediated through changes in NOS expression levels. Exp Lung Res 2014; 40:105-16. [PMID: 24624894 DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2013.879497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-beta/delta (PPAR-β/δ) has a protective effect during lung injury induced by bleomycin and polymicrobial sepsis, but its function in pulmonary oxygen toxicity is unknown. In this study, we used GW0742, a PPAR-β/δ agonist, and GSK0660, a PPAR-β/δ antagonist, to test the role of PPAR-β/δ in lung injury due to hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) exposure. Lung injury was induced in rats by HBO2 exposure (2.3 ATA, 100%O2, 8 hours). Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: air+vehicle, air+GW0742, air+GSK0660, HBO2+vehicle, HBO2+GW0742, and HBO2+GSK0660. Rats were injected with vehicle or GW0742 (0.3 mg/kg, i.p.) or GSK0660 (1 mg/kg, i.p.) at 1 hour, 6 hours, and 12 hours before either air or oxygen exposure. Administration of GW0742 to rats exposed to HBO2 significantly reduced the observed lung injury, extravascular lung water, total protein levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and the levels of iNOS and nNOS in the lungs when compared to untreated rats exposed to HBO2. Treatment of rats with GSK0660 exacerbated lung injury and elevated the levels of nNOS and eNOS in the lungs. In addition, nNOS and eNOS knock-out mice were examined. The results indicated that after HBO2 exposure, the lung injury was obviously decreased in the nNOS(-/-)+GSK0660 mice compared to the wild-type +GSK0660 mice; furthermore, administration of GSK0660 significantly elevated the lung injury in the eNOS(-/-) mice. Collectively, these data indicate that PPAR-β/δ activation can protect against pulmonary oxygen toxicity in the lungs of rats through changes in the expression of NOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Chen Bao
- Department of Diving Medicine, Institute of Naval Medical Research , Shanghai , China
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Kondrikov D, Gross C, Black SM, Su Y. Novel peptide for attenuation of hyperoxia-induced disruption of lung endothelial barrier and pulmonary edema via modulating peroxynitrite formation. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:33355-63. [PMID: 25315770 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.585356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary damages of oxygen toxicity include vascular leakage and pulmonary edema. We have previously reported that hyperoxia increases the formation of NO and peroxynitrite in lung endothelial cells via increased interaction of endothelial nitric oxide (eNOS) with β-actin. A peptide (P326TAT) with amino acid sequence corresponding to the actin binding region of eNOS residues 326-333 has been shown to reduce the hyperoxia-induced formation of NO and peroxynitrite in lung endothelial cells. In the present study, we found that exposure of pulmonary artery endothelial cells to hyperoxia (95% oxygen and 5% CO2) for 48 h resulted in disruption of monolayer barrier integrity in two phases, and apoptosis occurred in the second phase. NOS inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester attenuated the endothelial barrier disruption in both phases. Peroxynitrite scavenger uric acid did not affect the first phase but ameliorated the second phase of endothelial barrier disruption and apoptosis. P326TAT inhibited hyperoxia-induced disruption of monolayer barrier integrity in two phases and apoptosis in the second phase. More importantly, injection of P326TAT attenuated vascular leakage, pulmonary edema, and endothelial apoptosis in the lungs of mice exposed to hyperoxia. P326TAT also significantly reduced the increase in eNOS-β-actin association and protein tyrosine nitration. Together, these results indicate that peptide P326TAT ameliorates barrier dysfunction of hyperoxic lung endothelial monolayer and attenuates eNOS-β-actin association, peroxynitrite formation, endothelial apoptosis, and pulmonary edema in lungs of hyperoxic mice. P326TAT can be a novel therapeutic agent to treat or prevent acute lung injury in oxygen toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yunchao Su
- From the the Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Vascular Biology Center, and Medicine, Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia 30912
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Pietrofesa RA, Solomides CC, Christofidou-Solomidou M. Flaxseed Mitigates Acute Oxidative Lung Damage in a Mouse Model of Repeated Radiation and Hyperoxia Exposure Associated with Space Exploration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 4. [PMID: 25705570 DOI: 10.4172/2161-105x.1000215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spaceflight missions may require crewmembers to conduct extravehicular activities (EVA). Pre-breathe protocols in preparation for an EVA entail 100% hyperoxia exposure that may last for a few hours and be repeated 2-3 times weekly. Each EVA is associated with additional challenges such as low levels of total body cosmic/galactic radiation exposure that may present a threat to crewmember health. We have developed a mouse model of total body radiation and hyperoxia exposure and identified acute damage of lung tissues. In the current study we evaluated the usefulness of dietary flaxseed (FS) as a countermeasure agent for such double-hit exposures. METHODS We evaluated lung tissue changes 2 weeks post-initiation of exposure challenges. Mouse cohorts (n=5/group) were pre-fed diets containing either 0% FS or 10% FS for 3 weeks and exposed to: a) normoxia (Untreated); b) >95% O2 (O2); c) 0.25Gy single fraction gamma radiation (IR); or d) a combination of O2 and IR (O2+IR) 3 times per week for 2 consecutive weeks, where 8-hour hyperoxia treatments were spanned by normoxic intervals. RESULTS At 2 weeks post challenge, while control-diet fed mice developed significant lung injury and inflammation across all challenges, FS protected lung tissues by decreasing bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) neutrophils (p<0.003) and protein levels, oxidative tissue damage, as determined by levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) (p<0.008) and nitrosative stress as determined by nitrite levels. Lung hydroxyproline levels, a measure of lung fibrosis, were significantly elevated in mice fed 0% FS (p<0.01) and exposed to hyperoxia/radiation or the combination treatment, but not in FS-fed mice. FS also decreased levels of a pro-inflammatory, pro-fibrogenic cytokine (TGF-β1) gene expression levels in lung. CONCLUSION Flaxseed mitigated adverse effects in lung of repeat exposures to radiation/hyperoxia. This data will provide useful information in the design of countermeasures to early tissue oxidative damage associated with space exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph A Pietrofesa
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Melpo Christofidou-Solomidou
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Su Y. Regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity by protein-protein interaction. Curr Pharm Des 2014; 20:3514-20. [PMID: 24180383 PMCID: PMC7039309 DOI: 10.2174/13816128113196660752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is expressed in vascular endothelial cells and plays an important role in the regulation of vascular tone, platelet aggregation and angiogenesis. Protein-protein interactions represent an important posttranslational mechanism for eNOS regulation. eNOS has been shown to interact with a variety of regulatory and structural proteins which provide fine tuneup of eNOS activity and eNOS protein trafficking between plasma membrane and intracellular membranes in a number of physiological and pathophysiological processes. eNOS interacts with calmodulin, heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), dynamin-2, β-actin, tubulin, porin, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and apolipoprotein AI (ApoAI), resulting in increases in eNOS activity. The negative eNOS interacting proteins include caveolin, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), nitric oxide synthase-interacting protein (NOSIP), and nitric oxide synthase trafficking inducer (NOSTRIN). Dynamin-2, NOSIP, NOSTRIN, and cytoskeleton are also involved in eNOS trafficking in endothelial cells. In addition, eNOS associations with cationic amino acid transporter-1 (CAT-1), argininosuccinate synthase (ASS), argininosuccinate lyase (ASL), and soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) facilitate directed delivery of substrate (L-arginine) to eNOS and optimizing NO production and NO action on its target. Regulation of eNOS by protein-protein interactions would provide potential targets for pharmacological interventions in NO-compromised cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Su
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912.
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Wilhelm KR, Roan E, Ghosh MC, Parthasarathi K, Waters CM. Hyperoxia increases the elastic modulus of alveolar epithelial cells through Rho kinase. FEBS J 2013; 281:957-69. [PMID: 24289040 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Patients with acute lung injury are administered high concentrations of oxygen during mechanical ventilation, and while both hyperoxia and mechanical ventilation are necessary, each can independently cause additional injury. However, the precise mechanisms that lead to injury are not well understood. We hypothesized that alveolar epithelial cells may be more susceptible to injury caused by mechanical ventilation because hyperoxia causes cells to be stiffer due to increased filamentous actin (f-actin) formation via the GTPase RhoA and its effecter Rho kinase (ROCK). We examined cytoskeletal structures in cultured murine lung alveolar epithelial cells (MLE-12) under normoxic and hyperoxic (48 h) conditions. We also measured cell elasticity (E) using an atomic force microscope in the indenter mode. Hyperoxia caused increased f-actin stress fibers and bundle formation, an increase in g- and f-actin, an increase in nuclear area and a decrease in nuclear height, and cells became stiffer (higher E). Treatment with an inhibitor (Y-27632) of ROCK significantly decreased E and prevented the cytoskeletal changes, while it did not influence the nuclear height and area. Pre-exposure of cells to hyperoxia promoted detachment when cells were subsequently stretched cyclically, but the ROCK inhibitor prevented this effect. Hyperoxia caused thickening of vinculin focal adhesion plaques, and inhibition of ROCK reduced the formation of distinct focal adhesion plaques. Phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase was significantly reduced by both hyperoxia and treatment with Y-27632. Hyperoxia caused increased cell stiffness and promoted cell detachment during stretch. These effects were ameliorated by inhibition of ROCK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina R Wilhelm
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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Ni J, Dong Z, Han W, Kondrikov D, Su Y. The role of RhoA and cytoskeleton in myofibroblast transformation in hyperoxic lung fibrosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 61:26-39. [PMID: 23517783 PMCID: PMC3849210 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Myofibroblast transformation is a key process in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis. We have previously reported that hyperoxia induces RhoA activation in HFL-1 lung fibroblasts and RhoA mediates collagen synthesis in hyperoxic lung fibrosis. In this study, we investigated the role of RhoA and actin cytoskeleton in hyperoxia-induced myofibroblast transformation. Exposure of HFL-1 lung fibroblasts to hyperoxia stimulated actin filament formation, shift of G-actin to F-actin, nuclear colocalization of myocardin-related transcription factor-A (MRTF-A), recruitment of MRTF-A to the α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) gene promoter, myofibroblast transformation, and collagen-I synthesis. Inhibition of RhoA by C3 transferase CT-04 or dominant-negative RhoA mutant T19N, and inhibition of ROCK by Y27632, prevented myofibroblast transformation and collagen-I synthesis. Moreover, inhibition of RhoA by CT-04 prevented hyperoxia-induced actin filament formation, shift of G-actin to F-actin, and nuclear colocalization of MRTF-A. In addition, disrupting actin filaments with cytochalasin D or scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) with tiron attenuated actin filament formation, nuclear colocalization of MRTF-A, myofibroblast transformation, and collagen-I synthesis. Furthermore, overexpression of constitutively active RhoA mutant Q63L or stabilization of actin filaments recapitulated the effects of hyperoxia on the actin cytoskeleton and nuclear colocalization of MRTF-A, myofibroblast transformation, and collagen-I synthesis. Interestingly, knocking down MRTF-A prevented hyperoxia-induced increase in the recruitment of MRTF-A to the serum response factor transcriptional complex on the α-SMA gene promoter, myofibroblast transformation, and collagen-I synthesis. Finally, Y27632 and tiron attenuated hyperoxia-induced increases in α-SMA and collagen-I in mouse lungs. Together, these results indicate that the actin cytoskeletal reorganization due to the ROS/RhoA-ROCK pathway mediates myofibroblast transformation and collagen synthesis in lung fibrosis of oxygen toxicity. MRTF-A contributes to the regulatory effect of the actin cytoskeleton on myofibroblast transformation during hyperoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixiang Ni
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, China; The People's Hospital, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Weihong Han
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Dmitry Kondrikov
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Yunchao Su
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Center for Biotechnology & Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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Butterfield DA, Perluigi M, Reed T, Muharib T, Hughes CP, Robinson RAS, Sultana R. Redox proteomics in selected neurodegenerative disorders: from its infancy to future applications. Antioxid Redox Signal 2012; 17:1610-55. [PMID: 22115501 PMCID: PMC3448942 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2011.4109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Revised: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Several studies demonstrated that oxidative damage is a characteristic feature of many neurodegenerative diseases. The accumulation of oxidatively modified proteins may disrupt cellular functions by affecting protein expression, protein turnover, cell signaling, and induction of apoptosis and necrosis, suggesting that protein oxidation could have both physiological and pathological significance. For nearly two decades, our laboratory focused particular attention on studying oxidative damage of proteins and how their chemical modifications induced by reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species correlate with pathology, biochemical alterations, and clinical presentations of Alzheimer's disease. This comprehensive article outlines basic knowledge of oxidative modification of proteins and lipids, followed by the principles of redox proteomics analysis, which also involve recent advances of mass spectrometry technology, and its application to selected age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Redox proteomics results obtained in different diseases and animal models thereof may provide new insights into the main mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis and progression of oxidative-stress-related neurodegenerative disorders. Redox proteomics can be considered a multifaceted approach that has the potential to provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of a disease, to find disease markers, as well as to identify potential targets for drug therapy. Considering the importance of a better understanding of the cause/effect of protein dysfunction in the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative disorders, this article provides an overview of the intrinsic power of the redox proteomics approach together with the most significant results obtained by our laboratory and others during almost 10 years of research on neurodegenerative disorders since we initiated the field of redox proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Membrane Sciences, Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
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Clinical Application and Identification of Proteomics in Colonic Mucosa of Sub-health People With Constipation*. PROG BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2011. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1206.2011.00341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wang H, Su Y. Collagen IV contributes to nitric oxide-induced angiogenesis of lung endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2011; 300:C979-88. [PMID: 21307347 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00368.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) mediates endothelial angiogenesis via inducing the expression of integrin α(v)β(3). During angiogenesis, endothelial cells adhere to and migrate into the extracellular matrix through integrins. Collagen IV binds to integrin α(v)β(3), leading to integrin activation, which affects a number of signaling processes in endothelial cells. In the present study, we evaluated the role of collagen IV in NO-induced angiogenesis. We found that NO donor 2,2'-(hydroxynitrosohydrazino)bis-ethanamine (NOC-18) causes increases in collagen IV mRNA and protein in lung endothelial cells and collagen IV release into the medium. Addition of collagen IV into the coating of endothelial culture increases endothelial monolayer wound repair, proliferation, and tube formation. Inhibition of collagen IV synthesis using gene silencing attenuates NOC-18-induced increases in monolayer wound repair, cell proliferation, and tube formation as well as in the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Integrin blocking antibody LM609 prevents NOC-18-induced increase in endothelial monolayer wound repair. Inhibition of protein kinase G (PKG) using the specific PKG inhibitor KT5823 or PKG small interfering RNA prevents NOC-18-induced increases in collagen IV protein and mRNA and endothelial angiogenesis. Together, these results indicate that NO promotes collagen IV synthesis via a PKG signaling pathway and that the increase in collagen IV synthesis contributes to NO-induced angiogenesis of lung endothelial cells through integrin-FAK signaling. Manipulation of collagen IV could be a novel approach for the prevention and treatment of diseases such as alveolar capillary dysplasia, severe pulmonary arterial hypertension, and tumor invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huafang Wang
- Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Health Sciences University, 1120 15th St., Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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