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Chang C, He X, Di R, Wang X, Han M, Liang C, Chu M. Thyroid transcriptomic profiling reveals the differential regulation of lncRNA and mRNA related to prolificacy in Small Tail Han sheep with FecB++ genotype. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2254568. [PMID: 37694839 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2254568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The thyroid gland is an important endocrine gland in animals, which mainly secretes thyroid hormones and acts on various organs of the body. Long-chain non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays an important role in animal reproduction. However, there is still a lack of understanding of their expression patterns and potential roles in the thyroid of Small Tail Han (STH) sheep. In this study, RNA-seq was used to examine the transcriptome expression patterns of lncRNAs and mRNAs in the follicular phase (ww_FT) and luteal phase (ww_LT) in FecB++ genotype STH Sheep. A total of 17,217 lncRNAs and 39,112 mRNAs were identified including 96 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) and 1054 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEGs). Functional analysis of genes with significant differences in expression level showed that these genes could be enriched in Ras signalling pathway, hedgehog (HH) signalling pathway, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and other signalling pathways related to animal reproduction. In addition, through correlation analysis for lncRNA-mRNA co-expression and network construction, we found that LNC_009115 and LNC_005796 trans target NIK-related kinase (NRK) and poly(A)-specific ribonuclease (PARN). LNC_007189 and LNC_002045 trans target progesterone-induced blocking factor 1 (PIBF1), LNC_009013 trans targets small mothers against decapentaplegic (SMAD1) are related to animal reproduction. These genes add new resources for elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of reproduction in sheep with different reproductive cycles of the FecB++ genotype STH sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Di
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Miaoceng Han
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Chen Liang
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Mingxing Chu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Rong M, Xing X, Zhang R. Muscle Transcriptome Analysis of Mink at Different Growth Stages Using RNA-Seq. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:283. [PMID: 38785766 PMCID: PMC11117779 DOI: 10.3390/biology13050283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Mink is a kind of small and precious fur animal resource. In this study, we employed transcriptomics technology to analyze the gene expression profile of mink pectoral muscle tissue, thereby elucidating the regulatory mechanisms underlying mink growth and development. Consequently, a total of 25,954 gene expression profiles were acquired throughout the growth and development stages of mink at 45, 90, and 120 days. Among these profiles, 2607 genes exhibited significant differential expression (|log2(fold change)| ≥ 2 and p_adj < 0.05). GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that the differentially expressed genes were primarily associated with the mitotic cell cycle process, response to growth factors, muscle organ development, and insulin resistance. Furthermore, GSEA enrichment analysis demonstrated a significant enrichment of differentially expressed genes in the p53 signaling pathway at 45 days of age. Subsequent analysis revealed that genes associated with embryonic development (e.g., PEG10, IGF2, NRK), cell cycle regulation (e.g., CDK6, CDC6, CDC27, CCNA2), and the FGF family (e.g., FGF2, FGF6, FGFR2) were all found to be upregulated at 45 days of age in mink, which suggested a potential role for these genes in governing early growth and developmental processes. Conversely, genes associated with skeletal muscle development (PRVA, TNNI1, TNNI2, MYL3, MUSTN1), a negative regulator of the cell cycle gene (CDKN2C), and IGFBP6 were found to be up-regulated at 90 days of age, suggesting their potential involvement in the rapid growth of mink. In summary, our experimental data provide robust support for elucidating the regulatory mechanisms underlying the growth and development of mink.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Rong
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China; (M.R.); (X.X.)
- Dezhou Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Development Center, Dezhou 253000, China
| | - Xiumei Xing
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China; (M.R.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Special Economic Animals, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changchun 130112, China
| | - Ranran Zhang
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China; (M.R.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Special Economic Animals, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changchun 130112, China
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Kentistou KA, Lim BEM, Kaisinger LR, Steinthorsdottir V, Sharp LN, Patel KA, Tragante V, Hawkes G, Gardner EJ, Olafsdottir T, Wood AR, Zhao Y, Thorleifsson G, Day FR, Ozanne SE, Hattersley AT, O'Rahilly S, Stefansson K, Ong KK, Beaumont RN, Perry JRB, Freathy RM. Rare variant associations with birth weight identify genes involved in adipose tissue regulation, placental function and insulin-like growth factor signalling. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.04.03.24305248. [PMID: 38633783 PMCID: PMC11023655 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.03.24305248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Investigating the genetic factors influencing human birth weight may lead to biological insights into fetal growth and long-term health. Genome-wide association studies of birth weight have highlighted associated variants in more than 200 regions of the genome, but the causal genes are mostly unknown. Rare genetic variants with robust evidence of association are more likely to point to causal genes, but to date, only a few rare variants are known to influence birth weight. We aimed to identify genes that harbour rare variants that impact birth weight when carried by either the fetus or the mother, by analysing whole exome sequence data in UK Biobank participants. We annotated rare (minor allele frequency <0.1%) protein-truncating or high impact missense variants on whole exome sequence data in up to 234,675 participants with data on their own birth weight (fetal variants), and up to 181,883 mothers who reported the birth weight of their first child (maternal variants). Variants within each gene were collapsed to perform gene burden tests and for each associated gene, we compared the observed fetal and maternal effects. We identified 8 genes with evidence of rare fetal variant effects on birth weight, of which 2 also showed maternal effects. One additional gene showed evidence of maternal effects only. We observed 10/11 directionally concordant associations in an independent sample of up to 45,622 individuals (sign test P=0.01). Of the genes identified, IGF1R and PAPPA2 (fetal and maternal-acting) have known roles in insulin-like growth factor bioavailability and signalling. PPARG, INHBE and ACVR1C (all fetal-acting) have known roles in adipose tissue regulation and rare variants in the latter two also showed associations with favourable adiposity patterns in adults. We highlight the dual role of PPARG in both adipocyte differentiation and placental angiogenesis. NOS3, NRK, and ADAMTS8 (fetal and maternal-acting) have been implicated in both placental function and hypertension. Analysis of rare coding variants has identified regulators of fetal adipose tissue and fetoplacental angiogenesis as determinants of birth weight, as well as further evidence for the role of insulin-like growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Kentistou
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Box 285 Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Brandon E M Lim
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Lena R Kaisinger
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Box 285 Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | | | - Luke N Sharp
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Kashyap A Patel
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | | | - Gareth Hawkes
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Eugene J Gardner
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Box 285 Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | | | - Andrew R Wood
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Yajie Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Box 285 Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | | | - Felix R Day
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Box 285 Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Susan E Ozanne
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Andrew T Hattersley
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Stephen O'Rahilly
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., 102 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ken K Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Box 285 Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Robin N Beaumont
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - John R B Perry
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Box 285 Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Rachel M Freathy
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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He W, Tian Z, Dong B, Cao Y, Hu W, Wu P, Yu L, Zhang X, Guo S. Identification and functional activity of Nik related kinase (NRK) in benign hyperplastic prostate. J Transl Med 2024; 22:255. [PMID: 38459501 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05048-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is common in elder men. The current study aims to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in hyperplastic prostate and to explore the role of Nik related kinase (NRK) in BPH. METHODS Four datasets including three bulk and one single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) were obtained to perform integrated bioinformatics. Cell clusters and specific metabolism pathways were analyzed. The localization, expression and functional activity of NRK was investigated via RT-PCR, western-blot, immunohistochemical staining, flow cytometry, wound healing assay, transwell assay and CCK-8 assay. RESULTS A total of 17 DEGs were identified by merging three bulk RNA-seq datasets. The findings of integrated single-cell analysis showed that NRK remarkably upregulated in fibroblasts and SM cells of hyperplasia prostate. Meanwhile, NRK was upregulated in BPH samples and localized almost in stroma. The expression level of NRK was significantly correlated with IPSS and Qmax of BPH patients. Silencing of NRK inhibited stromal cell proliferation, migration, fibrosis and EMT process, promoted apoptosis and induced cell cycle arrest, while overexpression of NRK in prostate epithelial cells showed opposite results. Meanwhile, induced fibrosis and EMT process were rescued by knockdown of NRK. Furthermore, expression level of NRK was positively correlated with that of α-SMA, collagen-I and N-cadherin, negatively correlated with that of E-cadherin. CONCLUSION Our novel data identified NRK was upregulated in hyperplastic prostate and associated with prostatic stromal cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration, fibrosis and EMT process. NRK may play important roles in the development of BPH and may be a promising therapeutic target for BPH/LUTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixiang He
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University, West Changle Road 127, Xi'an, China.
| | - Zelin Tian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bingchen Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, Ninth Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, China
| | - Yitong Cao
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University, West Changle Road 127, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University, West Changle Road 127, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University, West Changle Road 127, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University, West Changle Road 127, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinhua Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, Wuhan, China.
| | - Shanshan Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Air Force Medical University, West Changle Road 169, Xi'an, China.
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Inada A, Yasunami Y, Yoshiki A, Nabeshima YI, Inada O. Greb1 Transiently Accelerates Pancreatic β-Cell Proliferation in Diabetic Mice Exposed to Estradiol. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 193:1081-1100. [PMID: 37516458 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Decrease of pancreatic β cells leads to diabetes. In an inducible cAMP early suppressor (ICER-Iγ) transgenic mouse model of severe type 2 diabetes with reduced insulin production and depleted β cells, supplementation with high concentrations of 17β-estradiol (E2) markedly enhances β-cell proliferation and normalizes glucose levels. The current study explored the underlying mechanisms leading to a dynamic increase of β cells and pathologic changes in diabetic mice exposed to E2. Gene expression profiling of pancreatic islets of 6-month-old ICER-transgenic mice recovering from diabetes due to elevated E2 levels identified growth regulation by estrogen in breast cancer 1 (Greb1) as a gene significantly up-regulated during the recovery phase. To substantiate this, β-cell-specific Greb1-deficient mice were generated, and Greb1 was shown to be essential for recovery of depleted β cells in diabetic mice. Graft growth and glucose lowering were observed in 50 islets with increased Greb1 expression transplanted adjacent to E2 pellets beneath the kidney capsule of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Greb1 expression due to a drastic increase in exogenous or endogenous E2 was transient and closely correlated with changes in E2-related and some cell cycle-related genes. These findings provide new insights into in vivo proliferation of deficient β cells and suggest the possibility of new therapeutic approaches targeting pancreatic β cells that could revolutionize the concept of diabetes treatment, which has been considered difficult to cure completely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akari Inada
- Clinical Research Department, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe, Kobe, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe, Kobe, Japan; Diabetes and Genes, Advanced Medical Initiatives, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | | | - Atsushi Yoshiki
- Experimental Animal Division, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yo-Ichi Nabeshima
- Laboratory of Molecular Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe, Kobe, Japan
| | - Oogi Inada
- Diabetes and Genes, Advanced Medical Initiatives, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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YOMOGITA H, ITO H, HASHIMOTO K, KUDO A, FUKUSHIMA T, ENDO T, HIRATE Y, AKIMOTO Y, KOMADA M, KANAI Y, MIYASAKA N, KANAI-AZUMA M. A possible function of Nik-related kinase in the labyrinth layer of delayed delivery mouse placentas. J Reprod Dev 2023; 69:32-40. [PMID: 36567126 PMCID: PMC9939280 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2022-120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In mice and humans, Nik-related protein kinase (Nrk) is an X-linked gene that encodes a serine/threonine kinase belonging to GCK group 4. Nrk knockout (Nrk KO) mice exhibit delayed delivery, possibly due to defective communication between the Nrk KO conceptus and its mother. However, the mechanism of delayed labor remains largely unknown. Here, we found that in pregnant mothers with the Nrk KO conceptus, the serum progesterone (P4) and placental lactogen (PL-2) concentrations in late pregnancy were higher than those in the wild type. Moreover, we demonstrated that Nrk is expressed in trophoblast giant cells (TGCs) and syncytiotrophoblast-2 (SynT-2) in the labyrinth layer of the mouse placenta. In the human placenta, NRK is also expressed in Syn-T in villi. Both human Syn-T and mouse TGCs of the labyrinth layer are present within fetal tissues that are in direct contact with the maternal blood. The labyrinth layer of the Nrk KO conceptus was gigantic, with enlarged cytoplasm and Golgi bodies in the TGCs. To investigate the function of Nrk in the labyrinth layer, a differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis was performed. The DEG analysis revealed that labor-promoting factors, such as prostaglandins, were decreased, and pregnancy-maintaining factors, such as the prolactin family and P4 receptor, were increased. These findings suggest that the Nrk KO mice exhibit delayed delivery owing to high P4 concentrations caused by the hypersecretion of pregnancy-maintaining factors, such as PL-2, from the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi YOMOGITA
- Department of Perinatal and Women’s Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan,Center for Experimental Animals, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Hikaru ITO
- Center for Experimental Animals, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan,Research Facility Center for Science and Technology, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Kento HASHIMOTO
- Center for Experimental Animals, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Akihiko KUDO
- Department of Microscopic Anatomy, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Toshiaki FUKUSHIMA
- Cell Biology Center, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Tsutomu ENDO
- Center for Experimental Animals, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu HIRATE
- Center for Experimental Animals, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro AKIMOTO
- Department of Microscopic Anatomy, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Masayuki KOMADA
- Cell Biology Center, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Yoshiakira KANAI
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Naoyuki MIYASAKA
- Department of Perinatal and Women’s Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masami KANAI-AZUMA
- Center for Experimental Animals, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
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Yomogita H, Miyasaka N, Kanai-Azuma M. A Review of Delayed Delivery Models and the Analysis Method in Mice. J Dev Biol 2022; 10:jdb10020020. [PMID: 35645296 PMCID: PMC9149829 DOI: 10.3390/jdb10020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, the incidence of post-term delivery is 1–10%. Post-term delivery significantly increases the risk of cesarean section or neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. Despite these serious challenges, the cause of prolonged delivery remains unclear. Several common factors of delayed parturition between mice and humans will help elucidate the mechanisms of pregnancy and labor. At present, gene modification techniques are rapidly developing; however, there are limited reviews available describing the mouse phenotype analysis as a human model for post-term delivery. We classified the delayed-labor mice into nine types according to their causes. In mice, progesterone (P₄) maintains pregnancy, and the most common cause of delayed labor is luteolysis failure. Other contributing factors include humoral molecules in the fetus/placenta, uterine contractile dysfunction, poor cervical ripening, and delayed implantation. The etiology of delayed parturition is overexpression of the pregnancy maintenance mechanism or suppression of the labor induction mechanism. Here, we describe how to investigated their causes using mouse genetic analysis. In addition, we generated a list to identify the causes. Our review will help understand the findings obtained using the mouse model, providing a foundation for conducting more systematic research on delayed delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yomogita
- Department of Perinatal and Women’s Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan; (H.Y.); (N.M.)
- Center for Experimental Animals, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Miyasaka
- Department of Perinatal and Women’s Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan; (H.Y.); (N.M.)
| | - Masami Kanai-Azuma
- Center for Experimental Animals, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +813-3813-6111
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The X-linked splicing regulator MBNL3 has been co-opted to restrict placental growth in eutherians. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001615. [PMID: 35476669 PMCID: PMC9084524 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the regulatory interactions that control gene expression during the development of novel tissues is a key goal of evolutionary developmental biology. Here, we show that Mbnl3 has undergone a striking process of evolutionary specialization in eutherian mammals resulting in the emergence of a novel placental function for the gene. Mbnl3 belongs to a family of RNA-binding proteins whose members regulate multiple aspects of RNA metabolism. We find that, in eutherians, while both Mbnl3 and its paralog Mbnl2 are strongly expressed in placenta, Mbnl3 expression has been lost from nonplacental tissues in association with the evolution of a novel promoter. Moreover, Mbnl3 has undergone accelerated protein sequence evolution leading to changes in its RNA-binding specificities and cellular localization. While Mbnl2 and Mbnl3 share partially redundant roles in regulating alternative splicing, polyadenylation site usage and, in turn, placenta maturation, Mbnl3 has also acquired novel biological functions. Specifically, Mbnl3 knockout (M3KO) alone results in increased placental growth associated with higher Myc expression. Furthermore, Mbnl3 loss increases fetal resource allocation during limiting conditions, suggesting that location of Mbnl3 on the X chromosome has led to its role in limiting placental growth, favoring the maternal side of the parental genetic conflict.
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Lestari B, Naito S, Endo A, Nishihara H, Kato A, Watanabe E, Denda K, Komada M, Fukushima T. Placental mammals acquired functional sequences in NRK for regulating the CK2-PTEN-AKT pathway and placental cell proliferation. Mol Biol Evol 2022; 39:6499274. [PMID: 34999820 PMCID: PMC8857918 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msab371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular evolution processes underlying the acquisition of the placenta in eutherian ancestors are not fully understood. Mouse NCK-interacting kinase (NIK)-related kinase (NRK) is expressed highly in the placenta and plays a role in preventing placental hyperplasia. Here, we show the molecular evolution of NRK, which confers its function for inhibiting placental cell proliferation. Comparative genome analysis identified NRK orthologs across vertebrates, which share the kinase and citron homology (CNH) domains. Evolutionary analysis revealed that NRK underwent extensive amino acid substitutions in the ancestor of placental mammals and has been since conserved. Biochemical analysis of mouse NRK revealed that the CNH domain binds to phospholipids, and a region in NRK binds to and inhibits casein kinase-2 (CK2), which we named the CK2-inhibitory region (CIR). Cell culture experiments suggest the following: 1) Mouse NRK is localized at the plasma membrane via the CNH domain, where the CIR inhibits CK2. 2) This mitigates CK2-dependent phosphorylation and inhibition of PTEN and 3) leads to the inhibition of AKT signaling and cell proliferation. Nrk deficiency increased phosphorylation levels of PTEN and AKT in mouse placenta, supporting our hypothesis. Unlike mouse NRK, chicken NRK did not bind to phospholipids and CK2, decrease phosphorylation of AKT, or inhibit cell proliferation. Both the CNH domain and CIR have evolved under purifying selection in placental mammals. Taken together, our study suggests that placental mammals acquired the phospholipid-binding CNH domain and CIR in NRK for regulating the CK2–PTEN–AKT pathway and placental cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beni Lestari
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
| | - Satomi Naito
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
| | - Akinori Endo
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
| | - Hidenori Nishihara
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
| | - Akira Kato
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
| | - Erika Watanabe
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
| | - Kimitoshi Denda
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
| | - Masayuki Komada
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan.,Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Fukushima
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan.,Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
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10
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Liu G, Zhang C, Wang Y, Dai G, Liu SQ, Wang W, Pan YH, Ding J, Li H. New exon and accelerated evolution of placental gene Nrk occurred in the ancestral lineage of placental mammals. Placenta 2021; 114:14-21. [PMID: 34418750 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2021.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The chorioallantoic placenta is a specific organ for placental mammals. However, the adaptive events during its emergence are still poorly investigated. METHODS We scanned the chromosome X to detect the accelerated evolution in the ancestral lineage of placental mammals, and constructed 3D protein structure models of a candidate by homology modeling. RESULTS Eight branch-specific accelerated regions were identified. Five of these regions (P=5.61×10-11 ~ 9.03×10-8) are located in the five exons of Nik-related kinase (Nrk), which is essential in placenta development and fetoplacental induction of labor. Nrk belongs to the germinal center kinase-IV subfamily with the overall similar protein structure; however, a new exon emerged in ancestors of placental mammals and its sequence has been conserved since then. Structure modelling of NRK suggests that the accelerated exons and the placental-mammal-specific exon (as a new loop) could change the enzymatic activity and the structure of placental mammal NRK. DISCUSSION Since the new loop is surrounded by the accelerated protein regions, it is likely that the new loop occurred and shifted the function of NRK, and then the accelerated evolution of Nrk occurred to adapt the structure change caused by the new loop in the ancestral lineage of placental mammals. Overall, this work suggests that the fundamental process of placental development and fetoplacental induction of labor has been targeted by positive Darwinian selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guopeng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Chunxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Guangyi Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Shu-Qun Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenshuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yi-Hsuan Pan
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Jianping Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Haipeng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China; Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
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11
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Wei T, Song J, Liang K, Li L, Mo X, Huang Z, Chen G, Mao N, Yang J. Identification of a novel therapeutic candidate, NRK, in primary cancer-associated fibroblasts of lung adenocarcinoma microenvironment. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:1049-1064. [PMID: 33387038 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03489-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) accounts for approximately half of patients in lung cancer. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the major component in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Targeting CAFs is a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. However, therapeutic targets of CAFs in LUAD remains largely unclear. METHODS Seven CAFs and nine normal fibroblasts (NFs) were isolated from tumor and paratumor tissues of LUAD patients undergoing surgery, respectively. RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis were performed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and their functions in CAFs compared with NFs. DEGs of ten overlaying were obtained from RNA-seq, our previously reported lncRNA microarray and public datasets (E-MTAB-6149, E-MTAB-6653) and validated by RT-qPCR. Nik-related kinase (NRK) was further validated by RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence (IF), Western Blot (WB) in vitro, and in Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) database. Survival analysis was performed on Kaplan-Meier plotter. RESULTS A total of 1799 DEGs were identified, including 650 upregulated DEGs and 1149 downregulated DEGs. The upregulated and downregulated DEGs were mostly enriched in extracellular matrix (ECM) functions and in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathways. Interestingly, NRK was the most significantly upregulated overlaying DEGs which was rarely associated with CAFs before. NRK was predominantly expressed in CAFs, but weakly expressed in NFs, normal lung bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B, LUAD cell lines A549 and H1299, as well as in the majority of 191 lung cancer cell lines including LUAD. Moreover, elevated NRK predicted poor survival in LUAD patients. CONCLUSION Here, we first report that NRK is significantly elevated in LUAD-associated CAFs and may function as a promising therapeutic target for cancer combination treatment. Besides, modulation of ECM and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathways may be an efficient approach to alter CAFs functionality in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjing Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Liang
- Department of Thoracic Tumor Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiang Mo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguang Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Naiquan Mao
- Department of Thoracic Tumor Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Li S, He B, Yang C, Yang J, Wang L, Duan X, Deng X, Zhao J, Fang R. Comparative transcriptome analysis of normal and CD44-deleted mouse brain under chronic infection with Toxoplasma gondii. Acta Trop 2020; 210:105589. [PMID: 32544399 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is a globally-distributed intracellular parasitic protozoon with wide host range. Chronic infection is the most prevalent form of T. gondii infection, which can lead to significant damage. CD44 plays an important role in body's immune response, however, little is known about the function and mechanism of CD44 in T. gondii infection until now. In the present study, total RNA isolated from four groups including C57BL/6 mouse (C57), C57BL/6△CD44 mouse(C57△CD44), C57BL/6 mouse infected with T. gondii (C57-TG) and C57BL/6△CD44 infected with T. gondii (C57△CD44-TG)were subjected to comparative transcriptome analyses using RNA-seq techniques to explore the possible function of CD44 in mouse brain during chronic Toxoplasma infection. The results indicated a total of 35,908, 54,428, 51,473 and 22,387 unigenes were annotated in KOG, Swissprot, GO and KEGG databases by transcriptome analysis, respectively, and all the databases shared 9,833 unigenes. Subsequently, differentially expressed GO terms and enriched KEGG Pathways showed 20,303 unigenes were annotated belonging to three main GO categories (namely biological process, cellular component and molecular function) and six main KEGG categories (cellular processes, environmental information processing, genetic information processing, human diseases, metabolism and organismal systems) between normal C57 and C57△CD44 mice, as well as for C57-TG and C57△CD44-TG mice. For up-regulated genes, Mid1, Ttr and Cd4 were significantly up-regulated in the C57△CD44 mouse compared with the C57 mouse, and Pcp2, Ppp1r17 and Nrk were significantly up-regulated in the C57△CD44-TG mouse compared with the C57-TG mouse. As to down-regulated genes, AC114588.1, Cbln3 and Pmch were significantly down-regulated in the C57△CD44 the mouse compared with the C57 mouse, and down-regulated genes were enriched for immunoglobulins, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigens, chemokines ligands and interferon (IFN)-inducible GTPase families in the C57△CD44-TG mouse compared with the C57-TG mouse. The present study is the first trial for exploring the function of CD44 in the mouse brain during chronic infection with T. gondii at the transcriptional level, which can provide a basis for the study of the host immune defense mechanism against T. gondii infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, PR China
| | - Bin He
- Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, PR China
| | - Chenghang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, PR China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, PR China.
| | - Lixia Wang
- Hubei Provincial Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xi Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, PR China.
| | - Xiaokun Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, PR China.
| | - Junlong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, PR China.
| | - Rui Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, PR China.
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13
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Inagaki M, Nishimura T, Nakanishi T, Shimada H, Noguchi S, Akanuma SI, Tachikawa M, Hosoya KI, Tamai I, Nakashima E, Tomi M. Contribution of Prostaglandin Transporter OATP2A1/SLCO2A1 to Placenta-to-Maternal Hormone Signaling and Labor Induction. iScience 2020; 23:101098. [PMID: 32408168 PMCID: PMC7225742 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the contribution of organic anion transporting polypeptide 2A1 (OATP2A1/SLCO2A1), a high-affinity carrier for prostaglandins (PGs), to the parturition process. At gestational day (GD) 15.5, OATP2A1 is co-localized with 15-hydroxy-PG dehydrogenase in the mouse placental junctional zone and facilitates PG degradation by delivering PGs to the cytoplasm. Slco2a1 (+/-) females mated with Slco2a1 (-/-) males frequently showed elevated circulating progesterone at GD18.5 and delayed parturition. Progesterone receptor inhibition by RU486 treatment at GD18.5 blocked the delay of parturition. In the junctional zone, PGE2 stimulated placental lactogen II (PL-II) production, resulting in higher expression of PL-II in Slco2a1 (-/-) placenta at GD18.5. Indomethacin treatment at GD15.5 suppressed the PL-II overproduction at GD18.5 in Slco2a1 (-/-) embryo-bearing dams, which promoted progesterone withdrawal and corrected the delayed parturition. These results suggest that extracellular PGE2 reduction by OATP2A1 at mid-pregnancy would be associated with progesterone withdrawal by suppressing PL-II production, triggering parturition onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Inagaki
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | | | - Takeo Nakanishi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0033, Japan; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shimada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Saki Noguchi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Akanuma
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Masanori Tachikawa
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Hosoya
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Ikumi Tamai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Emi Nakashima
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Tomi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan.
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14
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Expression of Nik-related kinase in smooth muscle cells attenuates vascular inflammation and intimal hyperplasia. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:7511-7533. [PMID: 32330120 PMCID: PMC7202544 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation of the vascular microenvironment modulates distinct types of vascular cells, and plays important roles in promoting atherosclerosis, stenosis/restenosis, and vascular-related diseases. Nik-related kinase (Nrk), a member of the Ste20-type kinase family, has been reported to be selectively expressed in embryonic skeletal muscle. However, whether Nrk is expressed in adult vascular smooth muscle, and if it influences intimal hyperplasia is unclear. Here, we found that Nrk is abundantly expressed in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and mouse arterial intima. Treatment of mouse VSMCs with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or platelet-derived growth factor significantly reduced Nrk expression. In addition, expression of Nrk was significantly reduced in regions of neointimal formation caused by guide-wire carotid artery injuries in mice, as well as in human atherosclerotic tissues, when compared to normal vessels. We identified that expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP3, MMP8 and MMP12) and inflammatory cytokines/chemokines (CCL6, CCL8, CCL11, CXCL1, CXCL3, CXCL5 and CXCL9) are synergistically induced by Nrk siRNA in LPS-treated mouse VSMCs. Moreover, we found that resveratrol significantly impaired LPS- and Nrk siRNA-induced expression of MMP3, CCL8, CCL11, CXCL3 and CXCL5. These results suggested that Nrk may play important roles in regulating pathological progression of atherosclerosis or neointimal- hyperplasia-related vascular diseases.
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15
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Naito S, Fukushima T, Endo A, Denda K, Komada M. Nik-related kinase is targeted for proteasomal degradation by the chaperone-dependent ubiquitin ligase CHIP. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:1778-1786. [PMID: 32162334 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nik-related kinase (Nrk) is a member of the germinal center kinase IV family and suppresses Akt signaling. In vivo, Nrk prevents placental hyperplasia and breast cancer formation. Here, we show that Nrk is regulated by the chaperone-dependent ubiquitin ligase carboxyl terminus of heat-shock protein (Hsp)70-interacting protein (CHIP). Immunoprecipitation and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis reveal that Nrk preferentially interacts with CHIP and Hsp70/90 family proteins. Nrk protein levels are decreased by CHIP overexpression and increased by siRNA-mediated CHIP knockdown. Our results indicate that Nrk is ubiquitinated by CHIP in a chaperone-dependent manner, resulting in its proteasomal degradation. CHIP targets a fraction of Nrk molecules that have lost the ability to regulate Akt signaling. We conclude that CHIP plays an important role in regulating Nrk protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Naito
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Fukushima
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.,Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akinori Endo
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kimitoshi Denda
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masayuki Komada
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.,Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
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16
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Denda K, Ida K, Tanno M, Nakao-Wakabayashi K, Komada M, Hayashi N. Proteomic analysis of Nrk gene-disrupted placental tissue cells explains physiological significance of NRK. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:785. [PMID: 31783915 PMCID: PMC6884884 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4818-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective NRK is a unique X chromosome-linked protein kinase expressed predominantly in placenta. The gene knockout causes placental overgrowth and delayed labor of Nrk-null fetuses from dams in mouse. To clarify unknown mechanisms behind the Nrk-null phenotypes, protein expression profiles were analyzed in the Nrk-null placenta using a high-performance two-dimensional electrophoresis methodology. Results Among around 1800 spots detected, we characterized a dozen protein spots whose expression levels were significantly altered in the Nrk-null placenta compared to wild-type. Analyzing these data sets is expected to reflect the difference physiologically in the presence or absence of NRK, facilitating the development of therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimitoshi Denda
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, (M6-6) 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Kanako Ida
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, (M6-6) 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Masataka Tanno
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Nishi Tokushukai Hospital, Akishima, Japan
| | - Kanako Nakao-Wakabayashi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, (M6-6) 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Masayuki Komada
- Cell Biology Unit, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Hayashi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, (M6-6) 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan.
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17
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Chan WH, Komada M, Fukushima T, Southard-Smith EM, Anderson CR, Wakefield MJ. RNA-seq of Isolated Chromaffin Cells Highlights the Role of Sex-Linked and Imprinted Genes in Adrenal Medulla Development. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3929. [PMID: 30850723 PMCID: PMC6408553 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40501-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenal chromaffin cells and sympathetic neurons synthesize and release catecholamines, and both cell types are derived from neural crest precursors. However, they have different developmental histories, with sympathetic neurons derived directly from neural crest precursors while adrenal chromaffin cells arise from neural crest-derived cells that express Schwann cell markers. We have sought to identify the genes, including imprinted genes, which regulate the development of the two cell types in mice. We developed a method of separating the two cell types as early as E12.5, using differences in expression of enhanced yellow fluorescent protein driven from the tyrosine hydroxylase gene, and then used RNA sequencing to confirm the characteristic molecular signatures of the two cell types. We identified genes differentially expressed by adrenal chromaffin cells and sympathetic neurons. Deletion of a gene highly expressed by adrenal chromaffin cells, NIK-related kinase, a gene on the X-chromosome, results in reduced expression of adrenaline-synthesizing enzyme, phenyl-N-methyl transferase, by adrenal chromaffin cells and changes in cell cycle dynamics. Finally, many imprinted genes are up-regulated in chromaffin cells and may play key roles in their development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing Hei Chan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Masayuki Komada
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Fukushima
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Colin R Anderson
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Matthew J Wakefield
- Melbourne Bioinformatics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. .,Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Australia.
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18
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Lipka A, Paukszto L, Majewska M, Jastrzebski JP, Myszczynski K, Panasiewicz G, Szafranska B. Identification of differentially expressed placental transcripts during multiple gestations in the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber L.). Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 29:2073-2084. [PMID: 28193317 DOI: 10.1071/rd16186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Eurasian beaver is one of the largest rodents that, despite its high impact on the environment, is a non-model species that lacks a reference genome. Characterising genes critical for pregnancy outcome can serve as a basis for identifying mechanisms underlying effective reproduction, which is required for the success of endangered species conservation programs. In the present study, high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to analyse global changes in the Castor fiber subplacenta transcriptome during multiple pregnancy. De novo reconstruction of the C. fiber subplacenta transcriptome was used to identify genes that were differentially expressed in placentas (n=5) from two females (in advanced twin and triple pregnancy). Analyses of the expression values revealed 124 contigs with significantly different expression; of these, 55 genes were identified using MegaBLAST. Within this group of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 18 were upregulated and 37 were downregulated in twins. Most DEGs were associated with the following gene ontology terms: cellular process, single organism process, response to stimulus, metabolic process and biological regulation. Some genes were also assigned to the developmental process, the reproductive process or reproduction. Among this group, four genes (namely keratin 19 (Krt19) and wingless-type MMTV integration site family - member 2 (Wnt2), which were downregulated in twins, and Nik-related kinase (Nrk) and gap junction protein β2 (Gjb2), which were upregulated in twins) were assigned to placental development and nine (Krt19, Wnt2 and integrin α7 (Itga7), downregulated in twins, and Nrk, gap junction protein β6 (Gjb6), GATA binding protein 6 (Gata6), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA1), apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and haemoglobin subunit α1 (HbA1), upregulated in twins) were assigned to embryo development. The results of the present study indicate that the number of fetuses affects the expression profile in the C. fiber subplacental transcriptome. Enhancement of transcriptomic resources for C. fiber will improve understanding of the pathways relevant to proper placental development and successful reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lipka
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego Str 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - L Paukszto
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego Str 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - M Majewska
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska Str 30, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - J P Jastrzebski
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego Str 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - K Myszczynski
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego Str 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - G Panasiewicz
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego Str 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - B Szafranska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego Str 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
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Morioka Y, Nam JM, Ohashi T. Nik-related kinase regulates trophoblast proliferation and placental development by modulating AKT phosphorylation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171503. [PMID: 28152035 PMCID: PMC5289614 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nik-related kinase (Nrk) is a Ser/Thr kinase and was initially discovered as a molecule that was predominantly detected in skeletal muscles during development. A recent study using Nrk-null mice suggested the importance of Nrk in proper placental development; however, the molecular mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that differentiated trophoblasts from murine embryonic stem cells (ESCs) endogenously expressed Nrk and that Nrk disruption led to the enhanced proliferation of differentiated trophoblasts. This phenomenon may reflect the overproliferation of trophoblasts that has been reported in enlarged placentas of Nrk-null mice. Furthermore, we demonstrated that AKT phosphorylation at Ser473 was upregulated in Nrk-null trophoblasts and that inhibition of AKT phosphorylation cancelled the enhanced proliferation observed in differentiated Nrk-null trophoblasts. These results indicated that the upregulation of AKT phosphorylation was the possible cause of enhanced proliferation observed in Nrk-null trophoblasts. The upregulation of AKT phosphorylation was also confirmed in enlarged Nrk-null placentas in vivo, suggesting that proper regulation of AKT by Nrk was important for normal placental development. In addition, our detailed analysis on phosphorylation status of AKT isoforms in newly established trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) revealed that different levels of upregulation of AKT phosphorylation were occurred in Nrk-null TSCs depending on AKT isoforms. These results further support the importance of Nrk in proper development of trophoblast lineage cells and indicate the possible application of TSCs for the analysis of differently regulated activation mechanisms of AKT isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Morioka
- Division of Disease Model Innovation, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Jin-Min Nam
- Global Station for Quantum Medical Science and Engineering, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohashi
- Division of Disease Model Innovation, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Yanagawa T, Denda K, Inatani T, Fukushima T, Tanaka T, Kumaki N, Inagaki Y, Komada M. Deficiency of X-Linked Protein Kinase Nrk during Pregnancy Triggers Breast Tumor in Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 186:2751-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Tunster SJ, Creeth HDJ, John RM. The imprinted Phlda2 gene modulates a major endocrine compartment of the placenta to regulate placental demands for maternal resources. Dev Biol 2015; 409:251-260. [PMID: 26476147 PMCID: PMC4684229 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Imprinted genes, which are expressed from a single parental allele in response to epigenetic marks first established in the germline, function in a myriad of processes to regulate mammalian development. Recent work suggests that imprinted genes may regulate the signalling function of the placenta by modulating the size of the endocrine compartment. Here we provide in vivo evidence that this hypothesis is well founded. Elevated expression of the imprinted Pleckstrin homology-like domain, family a, member 2 (Phlda2) gene drives a reduction of the spongiotrophoblast endocrine compartment, diminished placental glycogen and asymmetric foetal growth restriction. Using both loss-of-function and gain-in-expression mouse models, here we further show that Phlda2 exclusively modulates the spongiotrophoblast compartment of the placenta without significantly altering the composition of the trophoblast giant cell endocrine lineages that share a common progenitor with this lineage. Additionally, we show that Phlda2 loss-of-function placentae contain nearly three times more placental glycogen than non-transgenic placentae. Remarkably, relative to a fully wild type scenario, wild type placentae also accumulate excessive glycogen. While loss-of-function of Phlda2 increased both placental weight and placental glycogen, the weight of both mutant and non-transgenic fetuses was lower than that found in a fully wild type scenario indicating that excessive glycogen accumulation comes at the cost of foetal growth. This work firstly highlights a novel signalling function for the spongiotrophoblast in stimulating the global accumulation of placental glycogen. Furthermore, this work suggests that Phlda2 manipulates the placenta's demands for maternal resources, a process that must be tightly regulated by epigenetic marks to ensure optimal foetal growth. Phlda2 specifically restrains development of the spongiotrophoblast. The spongiotrophoblast is a major endocrine compartment of the placenta. The spongiotrophoblast locally and globally boosts glycogen accumulation. Excessive glycogen accumulation is associated with foetal growth restriction. Phlda2 regulates placental demands from maternal resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Tunster
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales CF10 3AX, UK
| | - H D J Creeth
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales CF10 3AX, UK
| | - R M John
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales CF10 3AX, UK.
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Epigenetic regulation of placental endocrine lineages and complications of pregnancy. Biochem Soc Trans 2013; 41:701-9. [DOI: 10.1042/bst20130002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A defining feature of mammals is the development in utero of the fetus supported by the constant flow of nutrients from the mother obtained via a specialized organ: the placenta. The placenta is also a major endocrine organ that synthesizes vast quantities of hormones and cytokines to instruct both maternal and fetal physiology. Nearly 20 years ago, David Haig and colleagues proposed that placental hormones were likely targets of the epigenetic process of genomic imprinting in response to the genetic conflicts imposed by in utero development [Haig (1993) Q. Rev. Biol. 68, 495–532]. There are two simple mechanisms through which genomic imprinting could regulate placental hormones. First, imprints could directly switch on or off alleles of specific genes. Secondly, imprinted genes could alter the expression of placental hormones by regulating the development of placental endocrine lineages. In mice, the placental hormones are synthesized in the trophoblast giant cells and spongiotrophoblast cells of the mature placenta. In the present article, I review the functional role of imprinted genes in regulating these endocrine lineages, which lends support to Haig's original hypothesis. I also discuss how imprinting defects in the placenta may adversely affect the health of the fetus and its mother during pregnancy and beyond.
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Tunster SJ, Jensen AB, John RM. Imprinted genes in mouse placental development and the regulation of fetal energy stores. Reproduction 2013; 145:R117-37. [PMID: 23445556 DOI: 10.1530/rep-12-0511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Imprinted genes, which are preferentially expressed from one or other parental chromosome as a consequence of epigenetic events in the germline, are known to functionally converge on biological processes that enable in utero development in mammals. Over 100 imprinted genes have been identified in the mouse, the majority of which are both expressed and imprinted in the placenta. The purpose of this review is to provide a summary of the current knowledge regarding imprinted gene function in the mouse placenta. Few imprinted genes have been assessed with respect to their dosage-related action in the placenta. Nonetheless, current data indicate that imprinted genes converge on two key functions of the placenta, nutrient transport and placental signalling. Murine studies may provide a greater understanding of certain human pathologies, including low birth weight and the programming of metabolic diseases in the adult, and complications of pregnancy, such as pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes, resulting from fetuses carrying abnormal imprints.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Tunster
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, Wales CF10 3AX, UK
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A placenta for life. Reprod Biomed Online 2012; 25:5-11. [PMID: 22578825 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2012.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The chorioallantoic placenta is the defining organ of eutherians that has enabled prolonged intrauterine gestation. As such, normal placental development and function are essential for mammalian reproductive success. Reflecting the key role of this organ in providing nutrients to the embryo, the characteristic cell type that forms substantial parts of the placenta is called 'trophoblast' (from Greek trephein 'to feed' and blastos 'germinator'). However, in addition to regulating nutrient supply, the placenta also exerts a number of other pivotal functions that highlight the importance of normal trophoblast differentiation for a successful pregnancy. In this guest symposium, 'Trophoblast Development', several contributors summarize insights gained from recent studies in the mouse that have advanced our understanding of trophoblast biology. This includes how the earliest trophoblast cells are set aside to expand in a stem- or progenitor-cell compartment under tight genetic and epigenetic control and how subsequent differentiation into the various placental cell types is controlled to ensure normal placentation. The relevance of these contributions range from early developmental cell fate decisions, stem cell biology and placental development for healthy pregnancy to the impact of placental failures on long-term health, with important clinical implications for assisted reproductive technology procedures and pregnancy-associated complications.
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