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McParland ED, Butcher TA, Gurley NJ, Johnson RI, Slep KC, Peifer M. The Dilute domain in Canoe is not essential for linking cell junctions to the cytoskeleton but supports morphogenesis robustness. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261734. [PMID: 38323935 PMCID: PMC11006394 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Robust linkage between adherens junctions and the actomyosin cytoskeleton allows cells to change shape and move during morphogenesis without tearing tissues apart. The Drosophila multidomain protein Canoe and its mammalian homolog afadin are crucial for this, as in their absence many events of morphogenesis fail. To define the mechanism of action for Canoe, we are taking it apart. Canoe has five folded protein domains and a long intrinsically disordered region. The largest is the Dilute domain, which is shared by Canoe and myosin V. To define the roles of this domain in Canoe, we combined biochemical, genetic and cell biological assays. AlphaFold was used to predict its structure, providing similarities and contrasts with Myosin V. Biochemical data suggested one potential shared function - the ability to dimerize. We generated Canoe mutants with the Dilute domain deleted (CnoΔDIL). Surprisingly, they were viable and fertile. CnoΔDIL localized to adherens junctions and was enriched at junctions under tension. However, when its dose was reduced, CnoΔDIL did not provide fully wild-type function. Furthermore, canoeΔDIL mutants had defects in the orchestrated cell rearrangements of eye development. This reveals the robustness of junction-cytoskeletal connections during morphogenesis and highlights the power of natural selection to maintain protein structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily D. McParland
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - T. Amber Butcher
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Noah J. Gurley
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Ruth I. Johnson
- Biology Department, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06459, USA
| | - Kevin C. Slep
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Mark Peifer
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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2
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McParland ED, Amber Butcher T, Gurley NJ, Johnson RI, Slep KC, Peifer M. The Dilute domain of Canoe is not essential for Canoe's role in linking adherens junctions to the cytoskeleton but contributes to robustness of morphogenesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.18.562854. [PMID: 37905001 PMCID: PMC10614895 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.18.562854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Robust linkage between cell-cell adherens junctions and the actomyosin cytoskeleton allows cells to change shape and move during morphogenesis without tearing tissues apart. The multidomain protein Drosophila Canoe and its mammalian homolog Afadin are critical for this linkage, and in their absence many events of morphogenesis fail. To define underlying mechanisms, we are taking Canoe apart, using Drosophila as our model. Canoe and Afadin share five folded protein domains, followed by a large intrinsically disordered region. The largest of these folded domains is the Dilute domain, which is found in Canoe/Afadin, their paralogs, and members of the MyosinV family. To define the roles of Canoe's Dilute domain we have combined biochemical, genetic and cell biological assays. Use of the AlphaFold tools revealed the predicted structure of the Canoe/Afadin Dilute domain, providing similarities and contrasts with that of MyosinV. Our biochemical data suggest one potential shared function: the ability to dimerize. We next generated Drosophila mutants with the Dilute domain cleanly deleted. Surprisingly, these mutants are viable and fertile, and CanoeΔDIL protein localizes to adherens junctions and is enriched at junctions under tension. However, when we reduce the dose of CanoeΔDIL protein in a sensitized assay, it becomes clear it does not provide full wildtype function. Further, canoeΔDIL mutants have defects in pupal eye development, another process that requires orchestrated cell rearrangements. Together, these data reveal the robustness in AJ-cytoskeletal connections during multiple embryonic and postembryonic events, and the power of natural selection to maintain protein structure even in robust systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily D. McParland
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - T. Amber Butcher
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Noah J. Gurley
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | | | - Kevin C. Slep
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Mark Peifer
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
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3
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Liu X, Tao M. SSX2IP as a novel prognosis biomarker plays an important role in the development of breast cancer. Mol Cell Toxicol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-022-00273-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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4
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Huxham J, Tabariès S, Siegel PM. Afadin (AF6) in cancer progression: A multidomain scaffold protein with complex and contradictory roles. Bioessays 2020; 43:e2000221. [PMID: 33165933 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Adherens (AJ) and tight junctions (TJ) maintain cell-cell adhesions and cellular polarity in normal tissues. Afadin, a multi-domain scaffold protein, is commonly found in both adherens and tight junctions, where it plays both structural and signal-modulating roles. Afadin is a complex modulator of cellular processes implicated in cancer progression, including signal transduction, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. In keeping with the complexities associated with the roles of adherens and tight junctions in cancer, afadin exhibits both tumor suppressive and pro-metastatic functions. In this review, we will explore the dichotomous roles that afadin plays during cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Huxham
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sébastien Tabariès
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Peter M Siegel
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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5
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Chang SL, Lee SW, Yang SF, Chien CC, Chan TC, Chen TJ, Yang CC, Li CF, Wei YC. Expression and prognostic utility of SSX2IP in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. APMIS 2020; 128:287-297. [PMID: 31837171 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cell adhesion affects carcinogenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis. We datamined a published transcriptome (GSE12452) of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and identified SSX2IP as a significantly upregulated gene in NPC carcinogenesis among genes associated with cell adhesion (GO:0007155). Consequently, we assessed SSX2IP protein expression and its prognostic significance in 124 patients with NPC using immunohistochemistry and the H-score method. The status of SSX2IP immunoexpression correlated with clinical and pathological characteristics, as well as oncological outcomes. High levels of SSX2IP expression were significantly associated with more advanced primary tumor and TNM stages. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank analyses revealed that high levels of SSX2IP expression, and advanced tumor stage and lymph node metastasis were significantly associated with lower rates of local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMeFS), and disease-specific (DSS) survival. Multivariate analysis showed that high levels of SSX2IP expression significantly predicted DSS (hazard ratio [HR], 4.290; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.271-8.102; p < 0.001), DMeFS (HR, 4.159' 95% CI, 2.072-8.345; p < 0.001), and LRFS (HR, 3.007' 95% CI,: 1.418-6.378; p = 0.004). We associated high levels of SSX2IP immunoexpression with aggressive pathological features and worse oncological outcomes, suggesting its potential therapeutic value for patients with NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Lun Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Optometry, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Wei Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Taiwan
| | - Sheau-Fang Yang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Chun Chien
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ju Chen
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Optometry, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chieh Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institute, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Wei
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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6
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Ahmat Amin MKB, Shimizu A, Zankov DP, Sato A, Kurita S, Ito M, Maeda T, Yoshida T, Sakaue T, Higashiyama S, Kawauchi A, Ogita H. Epithelial membrane protein 1 promotes tumor metastasis by enhancing cell migration via copine-III and Rac1. Oncogene 2018; 37:5416-5434. [PMID: 29867202 PMCID: PMC6172191 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0286-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is the most common cause of cancer death. Elucidation of the mechanism of tumor metastasis is therefore important in the development of novel, effective anti-cancer therapies to reduce cancer mortality. Interaction between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment is a key factor in tumor metastasis. Using a co-culture assay system with human prostate cancer LNCaP cells and primary human prostate stromal cells, we identified epithelial membrane protein 1 (EMP1) as a gene with elevated expression in the cancer cells. The orthotopic injection of LNCaP cells overexpressing EMP1 (EMP1-LNCaP cells) into the prostate of nude mice induced lymph node and lung metastases, while that of control LNCaP cells did not. EMP1-LNCaP cells had higher cell motility and Rac1 activity than control LNCaP cells. These results were also observed in other lines of cancer cells. We newly identified copine-III as an intracellular binding partner of EMP1. Knockdown of copine-III attenuated the increased cell motility and Rac1 activity in EMP1-LNCaP cells. Reduced cell motility and Rac1 activity following knockdown of copine-III in EMP1-LNCaP cells were recovered by re-expression of wild-type copine-III, but not of a copine-III mutant incapable of interacting with EMP1, suggesting the importance of the EMP1–copine-III interaction. Phosphorylated and activated Src and a Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav2 were found to be involved in the EMP1-induced enhancement of cell motility and Rac1 activation. Moreover, EMP1 was highly expressed in prostate cancer samples obtained from patients with higher Gleason score. These results demonstrate that upregulation of EMP1 significantly increases cancer cell migration that leads to tumor metastasis, suggesting that EMP1 may play an essential role as a positive regulator of tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Khusni B Ahmat Amin
- Division of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Akio Shimizu
- Division of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Dimitar P Zankov
- Division of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Akira Sato
- Division of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Souichi Kurita
- Division of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Masami Ito
- Division of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Toshinaga Maeda
- Division of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yoshida
- Department of Urology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Sakaue
- Division of Cell Growth and Tumor Regulation, Proteo-Science Center (PROS), Ehime University, Toon, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Shigeki Higashiyama
- Division of Cell Growth and Tumor Regulation, Proteo-Science Center (PROS), Ehime University, Toon, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kawauchi
- Department of Urology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Ogita
- Division of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
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7
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Impairment of PDGF-induced chemotaxis by extracellular α-synuclein through selective inhibition of Rac1 activation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37810. [PMID: 27886249 PMCID: PMC5122898 DOI: 10.1038/srep37810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by α-synuclein (α-Syn)-positive intracytoplasmic inclusions, known as Lewy bodies. Although it is known that extracellular α-Syn is detected in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid, its physiological significance remains unclear. Here, we show that extracellular α-Syn suppresses platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced chemotaxis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. The inhibitory effect was stronger in the mutant α-Syn(A53T), found in hereditary PD, and the degree of inhibition was time-dependent, presumably because of the oligomerization of α-Syn. PDGF-induced activation of Akt or Erk was not influenced by α-Syn(A53T). Further studies revealed that α-Syn(A53T) inhibited PDGF-induced Rac1 activation, whereas Cdc42 activation remained unaffected, resulting in unbalanced actin filament remodeling. These results shed light on the understanding of pathological as well as physiological functions of extracellular α-Syn in neuronal cells.
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8
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RUNX3 is a novel negative regulator of oncogenic TEAD-YAP complex in gastric cancer. Oncogene 2015; 35:2664-74. [PMID: 26364597 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) is a well-documented tumour suppressor that is frequently inactivated in gastric cancer. Here, we define a novel mechanism by which RUNX3 exerts its tumour suppressor activity involving the TEAD-YAP complex, a potent positive regulator of proliferative genes. We report that the TEAD-YAP complex is not only frequently hyperactivated in liver and breast cancer, but also confers a strong oncogenic activity in gastric epithelial cells. The increased expression of TEAD-YAP in tumour tissues significantly correlates with poorer overall survival of gastric cancer patients. Strikingly, RUNX3 physically interacts with the N-terminal region of TEAD through its Runt domain. This interaction markedly reduces the DNA-binding ability of TEAD that attenuates the downstream signalling of TEAD-YAP complex. Mutation of RUNX3 at Arginine 122 to Cysteine, which was previously identified in gastric cancer, impairs the interaction between RUNX3 and TEAD. Our data reveal that RUNX3 acts as a tumour suppressor by negatively regulating the TEAD-YAP oncogenic complex in gastric carcinogenesis.
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9
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Saito K, Shiino T, Kurihara H, Harita Y, Hattori S, Ohta Y. Afadin regulates RhoA/Rho-associated protein kinase signaling to control formation of actin stress fibers in kidney podocytes. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2015; 72:146-56. [PMID: 25712270 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The function of kidney podocytes is closely associated with actin cytoskeleton. Rho family small GTPase RhoA promotes stress fiber assembly through Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK)-dependent myosin II phosphorylation and plays an important role in maintenance of actin stress fibers of podocytes. However, little is known how stress fiber assembly is regulated in podocytes. Here, we found that afadin, an actin filament-binding protein, is required for RhoA/ROCK-dependent formation of actin stress fibers in rat podocyte C7 cells. We show that depletion of afadin in C7 cells induced loss of actin stress fibers. Conversely, forced expression of afadin increased the formation of actin stress fibers. Depletion of afadin inactivated RhoA and reduced the phosphorylation of myosin II. Moreover, the DIL domain of afadin appears to be responsible for actin stress fiber formation. Thus, afadin mediates RhoA/ROCK signaling and contributes to the formation of actin stress fibers in podocyte cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Saito
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan
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10
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Actin-tethered junctional complexes in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in association with vascular endothelial growth factor. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:314178. [PMID: 25883953 PMCID: PMC4389985 DOI: 10.1155/2015/314178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Vasculature is present in all tissues and therefore is indispensable for development, biology, and pathology of multicellular organisms. Endothelial cells guarantee proper function of the vessels and are the original component in angiogenesis. Morphogenesis of the vascular system utilizes processes like cell adhesion, motility, proliferation, and survival that are closely related to the dynamics of actin filaments and actin-tethered adhesion complexes. Here we review involvement of actin cytoskeleton-associated junctional molecules of endothelial cells in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Particularly, we focus on F-actin binding protein afadin, an adaptor protein involved in broad range of signaling mechanisms. Afadin mediates the pathways of vascular endothelial growth factor- (VEGF-) and sphingosine 1-phosphate-triggered angiogenesis and is essential for embryonic development of lymph vessels in mice. We propose that targeting actin-tethered junctional molecules, including afadin, may present a new approach to angiogenic therapy that in combination with today used medications like VEGF inhibitors will benefit against development of pathological angiogenesis.
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11
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Kobayashi R, Kurita S, Miyata M, Maruo T, Mandai K, Rikitake Y, Takai Y. s-Afadin binds more preferentially to the cell adhesion molecules nectins than l-afadin. Genes Cells 2014; 19:853-63. [DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reiko Kobayashi
- Division of Pathogenetic Signaling; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Hyogo 650-0047 Japan
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Hyogo 650-0017 Japan
| | - Souichi Kurita
- Division of Pathogenetic Signaling; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Hyogo 650-0047 Japan
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Hyogo 650-0017 Japan
| | - Muneaki Miyata
- Division of Signal Transduction; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Hyogo 650-0017 Japan
| | - Tomohiko Maruo
- Division of Pathogenetic Signaling; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Hyogo 650-0047 Japan
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Hyogo 650-0017 Japan
| | - Kenji Mandai
- Division of Pathogenetic Signaling; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Hyogo 650-0047 Japan
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Hyogo 650-0017 Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Rikitake
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Hyogo 650-0017 Japan
- Division of Signal Transduction; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Hyogo 650-0017 Japan
| | - Yoshimi Takai
- Division of Pathogenetic Signaling; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Hyogo 650-0047 Japan
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Hyogo 650-0017 Japan
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12
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Bouzigues C, Nguyên TL, Ramodiharilafy R, Claeson A, Tharaux PL, Alexandrou A. Regulation of the ROS Response Dynamics and Organization to PDGF Motile Stimuli Revealed by Single Nanoparticle Imaging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 21:647-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2014.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Maeda T, Takeuchi K, Xiaoling P, P Zankov D, Takashima N, Fujiyoshi A, Kadowaki T, Miura K, Ueshima H, Ogita H. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 regulates macrophage apoptosis via the Akt and caspase-7 pathways. J Atheroscler Thromb 2014; 21:839-53. [PMID: 24717759 DOI: 10.5551/jat.21386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Mutations in lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) are related to atherosclerosis. However, the molecular effects of Lp-PLA2 on atherosclerosis have not been fully investigated. Therefore, this study attempted to elucidate this issue. METHODS Monocytes were isolated from randomly selected healthy male volunteers according to each Lp-PLA2 genotype (wild-type Lp-PLA2 [Lp-PLA2 (V/V)], the heterozygous V279F mutation [LpPLA2 (V/F)] and the homozygous V279F mutation [Lp-PLA2 (F/F)]) and differentiated into macrophages. The level of apoptosis in the macrophages following incubation without serum was measured using the annexin V/propidium iodide double staining method, and the underlying mechanisms were further examined using a culture cell line. RESULTS The average plasma Lp-PLA2 concentration [Lp-PLA2 (V/V): 129.4 ng/mL, Lp-PLA2 (V/F): 70.7 ng/mL, Lp-PLA2 (F/F): 0.4 ng/mL] and activity [Lp-PLA2 (V/V): 164.3 nmol/min/mL, LpPLA2 (V/F): 100.9 nmol/min/mL, Lp-PLA2 (F/F): 11.6 nmol/min/mL] were significantly different between each genotype, although the basic clinical characteristics were similar. The percentage of apoptotic cells was significantly higher among the Lp-PLA2 (F/F) macrophages compared with that observed in the Lp-PLA2 (V/V) macrophages. This induction of apoptosis was independent of the actions of acetylated low-density lipoproteins. In addition, the transfection of the expression plasmid of V279F mutant Lp-PLA2 into Cos-7 cells or monocyte/macrophage-like U937 cells promoted apoptosis. The knockdown of Lp-PLA2 also increased the number of apoptotic cells. Among the cells expressing mutant Lp-PLA2, the caspase-7 activity was increased, while the activated Akt level was decreased. CONCLUSIONS The V279F mutation of Lp-PLA2 positively regulates the induction of apoptosis in macrophages and Cos-7 cells. An increase in the caspase-7 activity and a reduction in the activated Akt level are likely to be involved in this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinaga Maeda
- Division of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science
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14
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Majima T, Takeuchi K, Sano K, Hirashima M, Zankov DP, Tanaka-Okamoto M, Ishizaki H, Miyoshi J, Ogita H. An Adaptor Molecule Afadin Regulates Lymphangiogenesis by Modulating RhoA Activity in the Developing Mouse Embryo. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68134. [PMID: 23840823 PMCID: PMC3694064 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Afadin is an intracellular binding partner of nectins, cell-cell adhesion molecules, and plays important roles in the formation of cell-cell junctions. Afadin-knockout mice show early embryonic lethality, therefore little is known about the function of afadin during organ development. In this study, we generated mice lacking afadin expression in endothelial cells, and found that the majority of these mice were embryonically lethal as a result of severe subcutaneous edema. Defects in the lymphatic vessels of the skin were observed, although the morphology in the blood vessels was almost normal. Severe disruption of VE-cadherin-mediated cell-cell junctions occurred only in lymphatic endothelial cells, but not in blood endothelial cells. Knockout of afadin did not affect the differentiation and proliferation of lymphatic endothelial cells. Using in vitro assays with blood and lymphatic microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs and LMVECs, respectively), knockdown of afadin caused elongated cell shapes and disruption of cell-cell junctions among LMVECs, but not BMVECs. In afadin-knockdown LMVECs, enhanced F-actin bundles at the cell periphery and reduced VE-cadherin immunostaining were found, and activation of RhoA was strongly increased compared with that in afadin-knockdown BMVECs. Conversely, inhibition of RhoA activation in afadin-knockdown LMVECs restored the cell morphology. These results indicate that afadin has different effects on blood and lymphatic endothelial cells by controlling the levels of RhoA activation, which may critically regulate the lymphangiogenesis of mouse embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Majima
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keisuke Takeuchi
- Division of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Keigo Sano
- Division of Vascular Biology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masanori Hirashima
- Division of Vascular Biology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Dimitar P. Zankov
- Division of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Miki Tanaka-Okamoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Ishizaki
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Miyoshi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Ogita
- Division of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
- * E-mail:
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15
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Li P, Chen X, Su L, Li C, Zhi Q, Yu B, Sheng H, Wang J, Feng R, Cai Q, Li J, Yu Y, Yan M, Liu B, Zhu Z. Epigenetic silencing of miR-338-3p contributes to tumorigenicity in gastric cancer by targeting SSX2IP. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66782. [PMID: 23826132 PMCID: PMC3691322 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA has been recently recognized as playing a prominent role in tumorigenesis and metastasis. Here, we report that miR-338-3p was epigenetically silenced in gastric cancer, and its down-regulation was significantly correlated with gastric cancer clinicopathological features. Strikingly, restoring miR-338-3p expression in SGC-7901 gastric cancer cells inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion and tumorigenicity in vitro and in vivo, at least partly through inducing apoptosis. Furthermore, we demonstrate the oncogene SSX2IP is a target of miR-338-3p. We propose that miR-338-3p functions as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer, and the methylation status of its CpG island could serve as a potential diagnostic marker for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuehua Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liping Su
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiaoming Zhi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Beiqin Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Sheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junqing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Runhua Feng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qu Cai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianfang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingyan Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bingya Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (BYL); (ZGZ)
| | - Zhenggang Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (BYL); (ZGZ)
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16
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Li P, Lin Y, Zhang Y, Zhu Z, Huo K. SSX2IP promotes metastasis and chemotherapeutic resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Transl Med 2013; 11:52. [PMID: 23452395 PMCID: PMC3599991 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-11-52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Synovial sarcoma, X breakpoint 2 interacting protein (SSX2IP), which has been identified as an acute myeloid leukemia associated antigen, is a potential target for leukemia immunotherapy. In rodents, its homologous gene, ADIP, plays an important role in the regulation of cell adhesion and migration, underlying its potential role in promoting metastasis of other cancers. Methods To investigate the correlation between the expression level of SSX2IP and the clinicopathologic factors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 53 cases were studied by qPCR and statisted. To directly testing SSX2IP’s contribution to HCC in animal models, 45 nude mice were enrolled in peritoneal spreading and liver metastasis models. For the migration and invasion assays, cell culture experiments were performed using QCMTM 24-Well Colorimetric Migration Assay Kit and Cell Invasion Assay Kit (Millipore). Moreover we examined the influence of SSX2IP overexpression on the chemosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells to two most common chemotherapy drugs (5-Fu and CDDP) using Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). The chemotherapeutic drugs sensitivity was evaluated by IC50 parameter. Results Statistical analysis of clinical cases revealed that the SSX2IP high expression group had inclinations towards larger tumor size, more tumor thrombus and shorter survival period, implying a strong correlation between the expression level of SSX2IP and HCC tumorigenesis. Consistently in abdominal cavity metastasis and liver metastasis models of immune-deficient mice, SSX2IP was able to promote the metastasis of hepatoma cells. At the cytological level, SSX2IP stimulates the wound healing, metastasis and invasion of hepatoma cells, and reduces the sensitivity of hepatoma cells to 5-Fu and CDDP. Conclusions Our results showed that SSX2IP promotes the development and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma and contributes to the drug resistance of hepatoma cells, suggesting that SSX2IP is expected to become a new diagnostic and prognostic marker and a new target of the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 220 Handan Rd, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
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17
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Mandai K, Rikitake Y, Shimono Y, Takai Y. Afadin/AF-6 and Canoe. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2013; 116:433-54. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394311-8.00019-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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18
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Hatoh T, Maeda T, Takeuchi K, Ogikubo O, Uchiyama S, Otsuka T, Ohkubo I, Ogita H. Domain 5 of high molecular weight kininogen inhibits collagen-mediated cancer cell adhesion and invasion in association with α-actinin-4. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 427:497-502. [PMID: 23000411 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.09.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
High molecular weight kininogen (HK) is a plasma glycoprotein with multiple functions, including the regulation of coagulation. We previously demonstrated that domain 5 (D5(H)), a functional domain of HK, and its derived peptides played an important role in the vitronectin-mediated suppression of cancer cell adhesion and invasion. However, the underlying mechanisms of the D5(H)-mediated suppressive effects remain to be elucidated. Here, we showed that D5(H) and its derivatives inhibited the collagen-mediated cell adhesion and invasion of human osteosarcoma MG63 cells. Using purified D5(H) fused to glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and D5(H)-derived peptides for column chromatography, an actin-binding protein, α-actinin-4, was identified as a binding protein of D5(H) with high-affinity for P-5m, a core octapeptide of D5(H). Immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated that D5(H) co-localized with α-actinin-4 inside MG63 cells. In addition, exogenous GST-D5(H) added to the culture media was transported into MG63 cells, although GST alone as a control was not. As α-actinin-4 regulates actin polymerization necessary for cell adhesion and is related to the integrin-dependent attachment of cells to the extracellular matrix, our results suggest that D5(H) may modulate cell adhesion and invasion together with actinin-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsunetoshi Hatoh
- Division of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
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19
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Oberley MJ, Wang DS, Yang DT. Vav1 in hematologic neoplasms, a mini review. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BLOOD RESEARCH 2012; 2:1-8. [PMID: 22432082 PMCID: PMC3301436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 12/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The Vav family of proteins are guanine nucleotide exchange factors which have been shown to be deregulated in several types of human cancer. There are three members of the Vav family that have been identified which are members of the Dbl domain superfamily and have specificity towards Rho/Rac GTPases. The Vav family plays an important role in normal hematologic system development and homeostasis, and Vav1 is largely restricted to the hematologic system. While Vav1 was originally identified as a proto-oncogene, several recent studies have shown that Vav family deletion leads to the development of T-cell malignancies in mice. In addition, Vav1 has been shown to play a role in the ATRA-mediated differentiation of promyelocytic leukemia cells. In this concise review, the gene structure and normal function of Vav1, as well as a possible role for Vav1 in the development of hematologic and other malignancies is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Oberley
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison, WI, USA
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20
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Shimono Y, Rikitake Y, Mandai K, Mori M, Takai Y. Immunoglobulin superfamily receptors and adherens junctions. Subcell Biochem 2012; 60:137-170. [PMID: 22674071 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-4186-7_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The immunogroblin (Ig) superfamily proteins characterized by the presence of Ig-like domains are involved in various cellular functions. The properties of the Ig-like domains to form rod-like structures and to bind specifically to other proteins make them ideal for cell surface receptors and cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). Ig-CAMs, nectins in mammals and Echinoid in Drosophila, are crucial components of cadherin-based adherens junctions in the epithelium. Nectins form cell-cell adhesion by their trans-interactions and recruit cadherins to the nectin-initiated cell-cell adhesion site to establish adherens junctions. Thereafter junction adhesion molecules, occludin, and claudins, are recruited to the apical side of adherens junctions to establish tight junctions. The recruitment of these molecules by nectins is mediated both by the direct and indirect interactions of afadin with many proteins, such as catenins, and zonula occludens proteins, and by the nectin-induced reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. Nectins contribute to the formation of both homotypic and heterotypic types of cell-cell junctions, such as synapses in the brain, contacts between pigment and non-pigment cell layers of the ciliary epithelium in the eye, Sertoli cell-spermatid junctions in the testis, and sensory cells and supporting cells in the sensory organs. In addition, cis- and trans-interactions of nectins with various cell surface proteins, such as integrins, growth factor receptors, and nectin-like molecules (Necls) play important roles in the regulation of many cellular functions, such as cell polarization, movement, proliferation, differentiation, survival, and cell sorting. Furthermore, the Ig-CAMs are implicated in many human diseases including viral infections, ectodermal dysplasia, cancers, and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Shimono
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 650-0017, Kobe, Japan
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