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Nejad FM, Mohammadabadi M, Roudbari Z, Gorji AE, Sadkowski T. Network visualization of genes involved in skeletal muscle myogenesis in livestock animals. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:294. [PMID: 38504177 PMCID: PMC10953195 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10196-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle growth post-birth relies on muscle fiber number and size. Myofibre number, metabolic and contractile capacities are established pre-birth during prenatal myogenesis. The aim of this study was to identify genes involved in skeletal muscle development in cattle, sheep, and pigs - livestock. RESULTS The cattle analysis showed significant differences in 5043 genes during the 135-280 dpc period. In sheep, 444 genes differed significantly during the 70-120 dpc period. Pigs had 905 significantly different genes for the 63-91 dpc period.The biological processes and KEGG pathway enrichment results in each species individually indicated that DEGs in cattle were significantly enriched in regulation of cell proliferation, cell division, focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, and signaling pathways (PI3K-Akt, PPAR, MAPK, AMPK, Ras, Rap1); in sheep - positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation, negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation, focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, insulin resistance, and signaling pathways (PI3K-Akt, HIF-1, prolactin, Rap1, PPAR); in pigs - regulation of striated muscle tissue development, collagen fibril organization, positive regulation of insulin secretion, focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, and signaling pathways (PPAR, FoxO, HIF-1, AMPK). Among the DEGs common for studied animal species, 45 common genes were identified. Based on these, a protein-protein interaction network was created and three significant modules critical for skeletal muscle myogenesis were found, with the most significant module A containing four recognized hub genes - EGFR, VEGFA, CDH1, and CAV1. Using the miRWALK and TF2DNA databases, miRNAs (bta-miR-2374 and bta-miR-744) and transcription factors (CEBPB, KLF15, RELA, ZNF143, ZBTB48, and REST) associated with hub genes were detected. Analysis of GO term and KEGG pathways showed that such processes are related to myogenesis and associated with module A: positive regulation of MAP kinase activity, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, insulin-like growth factor binding, focal adhesion, and signaling pathways (PI3K-Akt, HIF-1, Rap1, Ras, MAPK). CONCLUSIONS The identified genes, common to the prenatal developmental period of skeletal muscle in livestock, are critical for later muscle development, including its growth by hypertrophy. They regulate valuable economic characteristics. Enhancing and breeding animals according to the recognized genes seems essential for breeders to achieve superior gains in high-quality muscle mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mohammadi Nejad
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Mohammadabadi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Zahra Roudbari
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran.
| | - Abdolvahab Ebrahimpour Gorji
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Sadkowski
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
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Ahn J, Son HJ, Seo HD, Ha TY, Ahn J, Lee H, Shin SH, Jung CH, Jang YJ. γ-Oryzanol Improves Exercise Endurance and Muscle Strength by Upregulating PPARδ and ERRγ Activity in Aged Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2000652. [PMID: 33932312 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE γ-Oryzanol, a well-known antioxidant, has been used by body builders and athletes to boost strength and increase muscle gain, without major side effects. However, the effect of γ-Oryzanol on sarcopenia and the underlying molecular mechanism is poorly understood. RESULTS Aged mice fed with the γ-Oryzanol diet do not show significant changes in muscle weight, but show increased running endurance as well as improved grip strength. The expression and activity of PPARδ and ERRγ are increased in skeletal muscle of γ-Oryzanol supplemented mice. γ-Oryzanol upregulates oxidative muscle fibers by MEF2 transcription factor, and PGC-1α and ERRα expressions. Fatty acid oxidation related genes and mitochondria biogenesis are upregulated by γ-Oryzanol. In addition, γ-Oryzanol inhibits TGF-β-Smad-NADPH oxidase 4 pathway and inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and p65 NF-κB subunit, which cause skeletal muscle weakness. Collectively, γ-Oryzanol attenuates muscle weakness pathway and increases oxidative capacity by increasing PPARδ and ERRγ activity, which contributes to enhance strength and improve oxidative capacity in muscles, consequently enhancing exercise capacity in aged mice. Particularly, γ-Oryzanol directly binds to PPARδ. CONCLUSIONS These are the first findings showing that γ-Oryzanol enhances skeletal muscle function in aged mice by regulating PPARδ and ERRγ activity without muscle gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisong Ahn
- Natural Materials and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jeong Son
- Natural Materials and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Deok Seo
- Natural Materials and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Youl Ha
- Natural Materials and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
- Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Ahn
- Natural Materials and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
- Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjung Lee
- Natural Materials and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ho Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
| | - Chang Hwa Jung
- Natural Materials and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
- Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Jang
- Natural Materials and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
- Major of Food Science & Technology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul, 01797, Republic of Korea
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Metformin Alleviates Obesity and Systemic Oxidative Stress in Obese Young Swine. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13070142. [PMID: 32640543 PMCID: PMC7408130 DOI: 10.3390/ph13070142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study assessed the relationship between obesity induced by lifestyle and systemic oxidative stress and possible modulations by oral metformin treatments in young individuals, by using a translational swine model of obesity and associated cardiometabolic disorders (Iberian pig). The results indicate the existence of an age-related increase in both adiposity and systemic oxidative stress (using hydrogen peroxide as a marker), which is higher in individuals with obesogenic lifestyle and increased weight and obesity. Such effect was not found in individuals treated with metformin. The translation of these results suggests that childhood obesity increases production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and therefore systemic oxidative stress. Treatment with metformin would improve such oxidative status.
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Comparative Evaluation of Gemcabene and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Ligands in Transcriptional Assays of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors: Implication for the Treatment of Hyperlipidemia and Cardiovascular Disease. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2019; 72:3-10. [PMID: 29621036 PMCID: PMC6039382 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Gemcabene, a late-stage clinical candidate, has shown efficacy for LDL-C, non-HDL cholesterol, apoB, triglycerides, and hsCRP reduction, all risk factors for cardiovascular disease. In rodents, gemcabene showed changes in targets, including apoC-III, apoA-I, peroxisomal enzymes, considered regulated through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gene activation, suggesting a PPAR-mediated mechanism of action for the observed hypolipidemic effects observed in rodents and humans. In the current study, the gemcabene agonist activity against PPAR subtypes of human, rat, and mouse were compared with known lipid lowering PPAR activators. Surprisingly, gemcabene showed no or little PPAR-α transactivation compared with reference agonists, which showed concentration-dependent transactivation against human PPAR-α of 2.4- to 30-fold (fenofibric acid), 17-fold (GW590735), and 2.3- to 25-fold (WY-14643). These agents also showed robust transactivation of mouse and rat PPAR-α in a concentration-dependent manner. The known PPAR-δ agonists, GW1516, L165041, and GW0742, showed potent agonist activity against human, mouse, and rat receptors (ranging from 165- to 396-fold). By contrast, gemcabene at the highest concentration tested (300 μM) showed no response in mouse and rat and a marginal response against human PPAR-δ receptors (3.2-fold). For PPAR-γ, gemcabene showed no agonist activity against all 3 species at 100 μM and marginal activity (3.6- to 5-fold) at 300 μM. By contrast, the known agonists, rosiglitazone, indomethacin, and muraglitazar showed strong activation against the mouse, rat, and human PPAR-γ receptors. No clear antagonist activity was observed with gemcabene against any PPAR subtypes for all 3 species over a wide range of concentrations. In summary, the transactivation studies rule out gemcabene as a direct agonist or antagonist of PPAR-α, PPAR-γ, and PPAR-δ receptors of these 3 species. These data suggest that the peroxisomal effects observed in rodents and the lipid regulating effects observed in rodents and humans are not related to a direct activation of PPAR receptors by gemcabene.
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Jang YJ, Ahn J, Son HJ, Jung CH, Ahn J, Ha TY. Hydrangea serrata
Tea Enhances Running Endurance and Skeletal Muscle Mass. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1801149. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201801149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young Jin Jang
- Research Group of Natural Materials and MetabolismKorea Food Research Institute Wanju‐gun 55365 Republic of Korea
| | - Jisong Ahn
- Research Group of Natural Materials and MetabolismKorea Food Research Institute Wanju‐gun 55365 Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyChonbuk National University Jeonju‐si 54896 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jeong Son
- Research Group of Natural Materials and MetabolismKorea Food Research Institute Wanju‐gun 55365 Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hwa Jung
- Research Group of Natural Materials and MetabolismKorea Food Research Institute Wanju‐gun 55365 Republic of Korea
- Division of Food BiotechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Ahn
- Research Group of Natural Materials and MetabolismKorea Food Research Institute Wanju‐gun 55365 Republic of Korea
- Division of Food BiotechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Youl Ha
- Research Group of Natural Materials and MetabolismKorea Food Research Institute Wanju‐gun 55365 Republic of Korea
- Division of Food BiotechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea
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Monestier O, Blanquet V. WFIKKN1 and WFIKKN2: "Companion" proteins regulating TGFB activity. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2016; 32:75-84. [PMID: 27325460 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The WFIKKN (WAP, Follistatin/kazal, Immunoglobulin, Kunitz and Netrin domain-containing) protein family is composed of two multidomain proteins: WFIKKN1 and WFIKKN2. They were formed by domain shuffling and are likely present in deuterostoms. The WFIKKN (also called GASP) proteins are well known for their function in muscle and skeletal tissues, namely, inhibition of certain members of the transforming growth factor beta (TGFB) superfamily such as myostatin (MSTN) and growth and differentiation factor 11 (GDF11). However, the role of the WFIKKN proteins in other tissues is still poorly understood in spite of evidence suggesting possible action in the inner ear, brain and reproduction. Further, several recent studies based on next generation technologies revealed differential expression of WFIKKN1 and WFIKKN2 in various tissues suggesting that their function is not limited to MSTN and GDF11 inhibition in musculoskeletal tissue. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about the WFIKKN proteins and propose that they are "companion" proteins for various growth factors by providing localized and sustained presentation of TGFB proteins to their respective receptors, thus regulating the balance between the activation of Smad and non-Smad pathways by TGFB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Monestier
- INRA, UR1037 Laboratory of Fish Physiology and Genomic, Growth and Flesh Quality Group, Campus de Beaulieu, 35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Véronique Blanquet
- INRA, UMR1061 Unité de Génétique Moléculaire Animale, 87060 Limoges, France; Université de Limoges, 87060 Limoges, France.
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Thevis M, Schänzer W. Emerging drugs affecting skeletal muscle function and mitochondrial biogenesis - Potential implications for sports drug testing programs. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2016; 30:635-651. [PMID: 26842585 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE A plethora of compounds potentially leading to drug candidates that affect skeletal muscle function and, more specifically, mitochondrial biogenesis, has been under (pre)clinical investigation for rare as well as more common diseases. Some of these compounds could be the object of misuse by athletes aiming at artificial and/or illicit and drug-facilitated performance enhancement, necessitating preventive and proactive anti-doping measures. METHODS Early warnings and the continuous retrieval and dissemination of information are crucial for sports drug testing laboratories as well as anti-doping authorities, as they assist in preparation of efficient doping control analytical strategies for potential future threats arising from new therapeutic developments. Scientific literature represents the main source of information, which yielded the herein discussed substances and therapeutic targets, which might become relevant for doping controls in the future. Where available, mass spectrometric data are presented, supporting the development of analytical strategies and characterization of compounds possibly identified in human sports drug testing samples. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS Focusing on skeletal muscle and mitochondrial biogenesis, numerous substances exhibiting agonistic or antagonistic actions on different cellular 'control centers' resulting in increased skeletal muscle mass, enhanced performance (as determined with laboratory animal models), and/or elevated amounts of mitochondria have been described. Substances of interest include agonists for REV-ERBα (e.g. SR9009, SR9011, SR10067, GSK4112), sirtuin 1 (e.g. SRT1720, SRT2104), adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK, e.g. AICAR), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)δ (e.g. GW1516, GW0742, L165041), and inhibitory/antagonistic agents targeting the methionine-folate cycle (MOTS-c), the general control non-derepressible 5 (GCN5) acetyl transferase (e.g. CPTH2, MB-3), myostatin (e.g. MYO-029), the myostatin receptor (bimagrumab), and myostatin receptor ligands (e.g. sotatercept, ACE-031). In addition, potentially relevant drug targets were identified, e.g. with the sarcoplasmic transmembrane peptide myoregulin and the nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (NCOR-1). The antagonism of these has shown to result in substantially enhanced physical performance in animals, necessitating the monitoring of strategies such as RNA interference regarding these substances. Most drug candidates are of lower molecular mass and comprise non-natural compositions, facts which suggest approaches for their qualitative identification in doping control samples by mass spectrometry. Electrospray ionization/collision-induced dissociation mass spectra of representatives of the aforementioned substances and selected in vitro derived phase-I metabolites support this assumption, and test methods for a subset of these have been recently established. Expanding the knowledge on analytical data will further facilitate the identification of such analytes and related compounds in confiscated material as well as sports drug testing specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Thevis
- Center for Preventive Doping Research/Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Muengersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany
- European Monitoring Center for Emerging Doping Agents (EuMoCEDA), Cologne/Bonn, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Schänzer
- Center for Preventive Doping Research/Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Muengersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany
- European Monitoring Center for Emerging Doping Agents (EuMoCEDA), Cologne/Bonn, Germany
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Pèrié L, Parenté A, Brun C, Magnol L, Pélissier P, Blanquet V. Enhancement of C2C12 myoblast proliferation and differentiation by GASP-2, a myostatin inhibitor. Biochem Biophys Rep 2016; 6:39-46. [PMID: 28955860 PMCID: PMC5600423 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background GASP-2 is a secreted multi-domain glycoprotein known as a specific inhibitor of myostatin and GDF-11. Here we investigate the role of GASP-2 on myogenesis and the effect of its glycosylation on its activity. Methods GASP-2 overexpression or knockdown by shRNAs were carried out on C2C12 myoblasts cells. In silico analysis of GASP-2 protein was performed to identify its glycosylation sites. We produced a mouse recombinant GASP-2 protein in a prokaryotic system to obtain a fully deglycosylated protein allowing us to study the importance of this post-translational modification on GASP-2 activity. Results Both mature and deglycosylated GASP-2 proteins increase C2C12 proliferation and differentiation by inhibiting the myostatin pathway. In silico and western-blot analyses revealed that GASP-2 presents one consensus sequence for N-glycosylation and six potential sites of mucin-type O-glycosylation. Conclusions GASP-2 promotes myogenesis and thus independently of its glycosylation. General significance This is the first report demonstrating that GASP-2 promotes proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts by inhibiting the canonical pathway of myostatin. Myostatin is a key negative regulator of muscle development. GASP-2 is a secreted glycoprotein known to interact with myostatin. GASP-2 overexpression promotes proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts. GASP-2 Knockdown decreases proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts. Glycosylation is not required for GASP-2 inhibitor function of myostatin actions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Véronique Blanquet
- Correspondence to: Université de Limoges, UMR 1061, Unité de Génétique Moléculaire Animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, 123, av. A. Thomas, F-87060 Limoges Cedex, France.Université de Limoges, UMR 1061, Unité de Génétique Moléculaire Animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques123, av. A. ThomasLimoges CedexF-87060France
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Lee SJ, Go GY, Yoo M, Kim YK, Seo DW, Kang JS, Bae GU. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ (PPARβ/δ) activates promyogenic signaling pathways, thereby promoting myoblast differentiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 470:157-162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Gao Y, Dai Z, Shi C, Zhai G, Jin X, He J, Lou Q, Yin Z. Depletion of Myostatin b Promotes Somatic Growth and Lipid Metabolism in Zebrafish. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2016; 7:88. [PMID: 27458428 PMCID: PMC4930940 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2016.00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Myostatin (MSTN) is a negative regulator of myogenesis in vertebrates. Depletion of mstn resulted in elevated muscle growth in several animal species. However, the report on the complete ablation of mstn in teleost fish has not yet become available. In this study, two independent mstnb-deficient mutant lines in zebrafish were generated with the TALENs technique. In the mstnb-deficient zebrafish, enhanced muscle growth with muscle fiber hyperplasia was achieved. Beginning at the adult stage (80 days postfertilization), the mstnb-deficient zebrafish exhibited increased circumferences and body weights compared with the wild-type sibling control fish. Although the overall total lipid/body weight ratios remained similar between the mstnb-deficient zebrafish and the control fish, the distribution of lipids was altered. The size of the visceral adipose tissues became smaller while more lipids accumulated in skeletal muscle in the mstnb-deficient zebrafish than in the wild-type control fish. Based on the transcriptional expression profiles, our results revealed that lipid metabolism, including lipolysis and lipogenesis processes, was highly activated in the mstnb-deficient zebrafish, which indicated the transition of energy metabolism from protein-dependent to lipid-dependent in mstnb-deficient zebrafish. Our mstnb-deficient model could be valuable in understanding not only the growth trait regulation in teleosts but also the mechanisms of teleost energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Gao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ziru Dai
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Development and High-Value Utilization of Beibu Gulf Seafood Resource, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Food Engineering, Qinzhou University, Qinzhou, China
| | - Chuang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xia Jin
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiangyan He
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiyong Lou
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Qiyong Lou, ; Zhan Yin,
| | - Zhan Yin
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Qiyong Lou, ; Zhan Yin,
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Ramírez-Espinosa JJ, González-Dávalos L, Shimada A, Piña E, Varela-Echavarria A, Mora O. Bovine (Bos taurus) Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Cell Differentiation to Adipogenic and Myogenic Lineages. Cells Tissues Organs 2015; 201:51-64. [PMID: 26565958 DOI: 10.1159/000440878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated the effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists on the differentiation and metabolic features of bovine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells induced to adipogenic or myogenic lineages. METHODS Cells isolated from 7-day-old calves were cultured in basal medium (BM). For adipogenic differentiation, cells were cultured for one passage in BM and then transferred to a medium supplemented with either rosiglitazone, telmisartan, sirtinol or conjugated c-9, t-11 linoleic acid; for myogenic differentiation, third-passage cells were added with either bezafibrate, telmisartan or sirtinol. The expression of PPARx03B3; (an adipogenic differentiation marker), myosin heavy chain (MyHC; a myogenic differentiation marker) and genes related to energy metabolism were measured by quantitative real-time PCR in a completely randomized design. RESULTS For adipogenic differentiation, 20 µM telmisartan showed the highest PPARx03B3; expression (15.58 ± 0.62-fold, p < 0.0001), and differences in the expression of energy metabolism-related genes were found for hexokinase II, phosphofructokinase, adipose triglyceride lipase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase α(ACACα) and fatty acid synthase (p < 0.001), but not for ACACβ (p = 0.4275). For myogenic differentiation, 200 µM bezafibrate showed the highest MyHC expression (73.98 ± 11.79-fold), and differences in the expression of all energy metabolism-related genes were found (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Adipocyte and myocyte differentiation are enhanced with telmisartan and bezafibrate, respectively, and energy uptake, storage and mobilization are improved with both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus J Ramírez-Espinosa
- Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias de la Produccix00F3;n y de la Salud Animal, Universidad Nacional Autx00F3;noma de Mx00E9;xico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
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Sharma M, McFarlane C, Kambadur R, Kukreti H, Bonala S, Srinivasan S. Myostatin: expanding horizons. IUBMB Life 2015; 67:589-600. [PMID: 26305594 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Myostatin is a secreted growth and differentiation factor that belongs to the TGF-β superfamily. Myostatin is predominantly synthesized and expressed in skeletal muscle and thus exerts a huge impact on muscle growth and function. In keeping with its negative role in myogenesis, myostatin expression is tightly regulated at several levels including epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational. New revelations regarding myostatin regulation also offer mechanisms that could be exploited for developing myostatin antagonists. Increasingly, it is becoming clearer that besides its conventional role in muscle, myostatin plays a critical role in metabolism. Hence, molecular mechanisms by which myostatin regulates several key metabolic processes need to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mridula Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, Singapore Institute of Clinical Sciences (SICS), Singapore
| | - Craig McFarlane
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, Singapore Institute of Clinical Sciences (SICS), Singapore
| | - Ravi Kambadur
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, Singapore Institute of Clinical Sciences (SICS), Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Himani Kukreti
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
| | - Sabeera Bonala
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, Singapore Institute of Clinical Sciences (SICS), Singapore
| | - Shruti Srinivasan
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
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Chandrashekar P, Manickam R, Ge X, Bonala S, McFarlane C, Sharma M, Wahli W, Kambadur R. Inactivation of PPARβ/δ adversely affects satellite cells and reduces postnatal myogenesis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2015; 309:E122-31. [PMID: 25921579 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00586.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ (PPARβ/δ) is a ubiquitously expressed gene with higher levels observed in skeletal muscle. Recently, our laboratory showed (Bonala S, Lokireddy S, Arigela H, Teng S, Wahli W, Sharma M, McFarlane C, Kambadur R. J Biol Chem 287: 12935-12951, 2012) that PPARβ/δ modulates myostatin activity to induce myogenesis in skeletal muscle. In the present study, we show that PPARβ/δ-null mice display reduced body weight, skeletal muscle weight, and myofiber atrophy during postnatal development. In addition, a significant reduction in satellite cell number was observed in PPARβ/δ-null mice, suggesting a role for PPARβ/δ in muscle regeneration. To investigate this, tibialis anterior muscles were injured with notexin, and muscle regeneration was monitored on days 3, 5, 7, and 28 postinjury. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed an increased inflammatory response and reduced myoblast proliferation in regenerating muscle from PPARβ/δ-null mice. Histological analysis confirmed that the regenerated muscle fibers of PPARβ/δ-null mice maintained an atrophy phenotype with reduced numbers of centrally placed nuclei. Even though satellite cell numbers were reduced before injury, satellite cell self-renewal was found to be unaffected in PPARβ/δ-null mice after regeneration. Previously, our laboratory had showed (Bonala S, Lokireddy S, Arigela H, Teng S, Wahli W, Sharma M, McFarlane C, Kambadur R. J Biol Chem 287: 12935-12951, 2012) that inactivation of PPARβ/δ increases myostatin signaling and inhibits myogenesis. Our results here indeed confirm that inactivation of myostatin signaling rescues the atrophy phenotype and improves muscle fiber cross-sectional area in both uninjured and regenerated tibialis anterior muscle from PPARβ/δ-null mice. Taken together, these data suggest that absence of PPARβ/δ leads to loss of satellite cells, impaired skeletal muscle regeneration, and postnatal myogenesis. Furthermore, our results also demonstrate that functional antagonism of myostatin has utility in rescuing these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ravikumar Manickam
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Xiaojia Ge
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, Singapore
| | - Sabeera Bonala
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, Singapore
| | - Craig McFarlane
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, Singapore
| | - Mridula Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; and
| | - Walter Wahli
- LKC School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Ravi Kambadur
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, Singapore;
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14
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Itaba N, Wairagu PM, Aramaki N, Yasui T, Matsumi Y, Kono Y, Phan ANH, Otsu M, Kunisada T, Nakamura Y, Okano H, Jeong Y, Shiota G. Nuclear receptor gene alteration in human induced pluripotent stem cells with hepatic differentiation propensity. Hepatol Res 2014; 44:E408-19. [PMID: 24636009 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Revised: 03/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM Human induced pluripotent stem (hiPS) cells are an alternative cell source of regenerative medicine for liver disease. Because variations in hepatic differentiation efficacy among hiPS cells exist, it is important to select a hiPS cell line with hepatic differentiation propensity. In addition, nuclear receptors (NR) regulate essential biological processes including differentiation and development. In this study, we identified the hiPS cell line with hepatic differentiation propensity and examined expression levels of 48 NR during this process. METHODS We screened 28 hiPS cell lines, which are established from various tissues of healthy persons with various reprogramming methods, using a three-step differentiation method, and examined expression levels of 48 NR by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction during the differentiation process in the selected cells. RESULTS hiPS-RIKEN-2B and hiPS-RIKEN-2F cells have hepatic differentiation propensity. Differentiation propensity towards endoderm was affected by donor origin but not by reprogramming methods or cell type of origins. Expression levels of NR were closely associated with those of hepatic differentiation markers. Furthermore, expression patterns of NR were categorized as five patterns. In particular, seven NR such as chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor 1, retinoic acid receptor α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, progesterone receptor, photoreceptor cell-specific nuclear receptor, tailless homolog orphan receptor and glucocorticoid receptor were identified as the genes of which expression gradually goes up with differentiation. CONCLUSION These findings will be useful for not only elucidating mechanisms of hepatic differentiation of hiPS cells but also cell-based therapy for liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Itaba
- Division of Molecular and Genetic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
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15
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Fu H, Desvergne B, Ferrari S, Bonnet N. Impaired musculoskeletal response to age and exercise in PPARβ(-/-) diabetic mice. Endocrinology 2014; 155:4686-96. [PMID: 25279796 PMCID: PMC4239426 DOI: 10.1210/en.2014-1585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Fragility fractures are recognized complication of diabetes, but yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This is particularly pronounced in type 2 diabetes in which the propensity to fall is increased but bone mass is not necessarily low. Thus, whether factors implicated in the development of insulin resistance and diabetes directly impact on the musculoskeletal system remains to be investigated. PPARβ(-/-) mice have reduced metabolic activity and are glucose intolerant. We examined changes in bone and muscle in PPARβ(-/-) mice and investigated both the mechanism behind those changes with age as well as their response to exercise. Compared with their wild type, PPARβ(-/-) mice had an accelerated and parallel decline in both muscle and bone strength with age. These changes were accompanied by increased myostatin expression, low bone formation, and increased resorption. In addition, mesenchymal cells from PPARβ(-/-) had a reduced proliferation capacity and appeared to differentiate into more of an adipogenic phenotype. Concomitantly we observed an increased expression of PPARγ, characteristic of adipocytes. The anabolic responses of muscle and bone to exercise were also diminished in PPARβ(-/-) mice. The periosteal bone formation response to direct bone compression was, however, maintained, indicating that PPARβ controls periosteal bone formation through muscle contraction and/or metabolism. Taken together, these data indicate that PPARβ deficiency leads to glucose intolerance, decreased muscle function, and reduced bone strength. On a molecular level, PPARβ appears to regulate myostatin and PPARγ expression in muscle and bone, thereby providing potential new targets to reverse bone fragility in patients with metabolic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Fu
- Division of Bone Diseases (S.F., N.B.), Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, Geneva University Hospital, and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva 14, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; and Center of Integrative Genomics (H.F., B.D.), Genopode, Lausanne Faculty of Biology and Medicine, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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16
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Astiz S, Gonzalez-Bulnes A, Astiz I, Barbero A, Perez-Solana M, Garcia-Real I. Advanced onset of puberty after metformin therapy in swine with thrifty genotype. Exp Physiol 2014; 99:1241-52. [DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2014.081455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Astiz
- Departamento de Reproducción Animal; INIA, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n. 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - A. Gonzalez-Bulnes
- Departamento de Reproducción Animal; INIA, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n. 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - I. Astiz
- Unidad de Pediatría; Atención Primaria; Centro de Salud Ciudad San Pablo; Avenida de Madrid; 13 Coslada 28022 Madrid Spain
| | - A. Barbero
- Departamento Medicina y Cirugía Animal; Facultad de Veterinaria; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Ciudad Universitaria s/n; 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - M.L. Perez-Solana
- Departamento de Reproducción Animal; INIA, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n. 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - I. Garcia-Real
- Departamento Medicina y Cirugía Animal; Facultad de Veterinaria; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Ciudad Universitaria s/n; 28040 Madrid Spain
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17
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Neels JG, Grimaldi PA. Physiological functions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β. Physiol Rev 2014; 94:795-858. [PMID: 24987006 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00027.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, PPARα, PPARβ, and PPARγ, are a family of transcription factors activated by a diversity of molecules including fatty acids and fatty acid metabolites. PPARs regulate the transcription of a large variety of genes implicated in metabolism, inflammation, proliferation, and differentiation in different cell types. These transcriptional regulations involve both direct transactivation and interaction with other transcriptional regulatory pathways. The functions of PPARα and PPARγ have been extensively documented mainly because these isoforms are activated by molecules clinically used as hypolipidemic and antidiabetic compounds. The physiological functions of PPARβ remained for a while less investigated, but the finding that specific synthetic agonists exert beneficial actions in obese subjects uplifted the studies aimed to elucidate the roles of this PPAR isoform. Intensive work based on pharmacological and genetic approaches and on the use of both in vitro and in vivo models has considerably improved our knowledge on the physiological roles of PPARβ in various cell types. This review will summarize the accumulated evidence for the implication of PPARβ in the regulation of development, metabolism, and inflammation in several tissues, including skeletal muscle, heart, skin, and intestine. Some of these findings indicate that pharmacological activation of PPARβ could be envisioned as a therapeutic option for the correction of metabolic disorders and a variety of inflammatory conditions. However, other experimental data suggesting that activation of PPARβ could result in serious adverse effects, such as carcinogenesis and psoriasis, raise concerns about the clinical use of potent PPARβ agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaap G Neels
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U 1065, Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine (C3M), Team "Adaptive Responses to Immuno-metabolic Dysregulations," Nice, France; and Faculty of Medicine, University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Paul A Grimaldi
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U 1065, Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine (C3M), Team "Adaptive Responses to Immuno-metabolic Dysregulations," Nice, France; and Faculty of Medicine, University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Nice, France
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18
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Galt NJ, Froehlich JM, Meyer BM, Barrows FT, Biga PR. High-fat diet reduces local myostatin-1 paralog expression and alters skeletal muscle lipid content in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2014; 40:875-886. [PMID: 24264425 PMCID: PMC4016181 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-013-9893-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Muscle growth is an energetically demanding process that is reliant on intramuscular fatty acid depots in most fishes. The complex mechanisms regulating this growth and lipid metabolism are of great interest for human health and aquaculture applications. It is well established that the skeletal muscle chalone, myostatin, plays a role in lipid metabolism and adipogenesis in mammals; however, this function has not been fully assessed in fishes. We therefore examined the interaction between dietary lipid levels and myostatin expression in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Five weeks of high-fat diet (HFD; 25 % lipid) intake increased white muscle lipid content and decreased circulating glucose levels and hepatosomatic index when compared to low-fat diet (LFD; 10 % lipid) intake. In addition, HFD intake reduced myostatin-1a and myostatin-1b expression in white muscle and myostatin-1b expression in brain tissue. Characterization of the myostatin-1a, myostatin-1b, and myostatin-2a promoters revealed putative binding sites for a subset of transcription factors associated with lipid metabolism. Taken together, these data suggest that HFD may regulate myostatin expression through cis-regulatory elements sensitive to increased lipid intake. Further, these findings provide a framework for future investigations of mechanisms describing the relationships between myostatin and lipid metabolism in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Galt
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Jacob Michael Froehlich
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Ben M. Meyer
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108
| | - Frederic T. Barrows
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Fish Technology Center, Bozeman, MT 59715
| | - Peggy R. Biga
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
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19
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Nesteruk M, Hennig EE, Mikula M, Karczmarski J, Dzwonek A, Goryca K, Rubel T, Paziewska A, Woszczynski M, Ledwon J, Dabrowska M, Dadlez M, Ostrowski J. Mitochondrial-related proteomic changes during obesity and fasting in mice are greater in the liver than skeletal muscles. Funct Integr Genomics 2014; 14:245-59. [PMID: 24178926 PMCID: PMC3968515 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-013-0342-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Although mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity, the molecular mechanisms underlying obesity-related metabolic abnormalities are not well established. We performed mitochondrial quantitative proteomic and whole transcriptome analysis followed by functional annotations within liver and skeletal muscles, using fasted and non-fasted 16- and 48-week-old high-fat diet (HFD)-fed and normal diet-fed (control group) wild-type C56BL/6J mice, and hyperphagic ob/ob and db/db obese mice. Our study identified 1,675 and 704 mitochondria-associated proteins with at least two peptides in liver and muscle, respectively. Of these, 221 liver and 44 muscle proteins were differentially expressed (adjusted p values ≤ 0.05) between control and all obese mice, while overnight fasting altered expression of 107 liver and 35 muscle proteins. In the liver, we distinguished a network of 27 proteins exhibiting opposite direction of expression changes in HFD-fed and hyperphagic mice when compared to control. The network centered on cytochromes P450 3a11 (Cyp3a11) and 4a14 (Cyp4a14), and fructose-bisphosphate aldolase B (Aldob) proteins which bridged proteins cluster involved in Metabolism of xenobiotics with proteins engaged in Fatty acid metabolism and PPAR signaling pathways. Functional annotations revealed that most of the hepatic molecular alterations, which characterized both obesity and fasting, related to different aspects of energy metabolism (such as Fatty acid metabolism, Peroxisome, and PPAR signaling); however, only a limited number of functional annotations could be selected from skeletal muscle data sets. Thus, our comprehensive molecular overview revealed that both obesity and fasting states induce more pronounced mitochondrial proteome changes in the liver than in the muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Nesteruk
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical Center for Postgraduate Education, Roentgena 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa E. Hennig
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical Center for Postgraduate Education, Roentgena 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Mikula
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Karczmarski
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Artur Dzwonek
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Goryca
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tymon Rubel
- Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Paziewska
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical Center for Postgraduate Education, Roentgena 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Woszczynski
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Ledwon
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical Center for Postgraduate Education, Roentgena 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michalina Dabrowska
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Dadlez
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Ostrowski
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical Center for Postgraduate Education, Roentgena 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
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20
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Sriram S, Subramanian S, Juvvuna PK, Ge X, Lokireddy S, McFarlane CD, Wahli W, Kambadur R, Sharma M. Myostatin augments muscle-specific ring finger protein-1 expression through an NF-kB independent mechanism in SMAD3 null muscle. Mol Endocrinol 2014; 28:317-30. [PMID: 24438338 PMCID: PMC5414928 DOI: 10.1210/me.2013-1179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Smad (Sma and Mad-related protein) 2/3 are downstream signaling molecules for TGF-β and myostatin (Mstn). Recently, Mstn was shown to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in skeletal muscle via canonical Smad3, nuclear factor-κB, and TNF-α pathway. However, mice lacking Smad3 display skeletal muscle atrophy due to increased Mstn levels. Hence, our aims were first to investigate whether Mstn induced muscle atrophy in Smad3(-/-) mice by increasing ROS and second to delineate Smad3-independent signaling mechanism for Mstn-induced ROS. Herein we show that Smad3(-/-) mice have increased ROS levels in skeletal muscle, and inactivation of Mstn in these mice partially ablates the oxidative stress. Furthermore, ROS induction by Mstn in Smad3(-/-) muscle was not via nuclear factor-κB (p65) signaling but due to activated p38, ERK MAPK signaling and enhanced IL-6 levels. Consequently, TNF-α, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, and xanthine oxidase levels were up-regulated, which led to an increase in ROS production in Smad3(-/-) skeletal muscle. The exaggerated ROS in the Smad3(-/-) muscle potentiated binding of C/EBP homology protein transcription factor to MuRF1 promoter, resulting in enhanced MuRF1 levels leading to muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Sriram
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology (S.Sr., S.Su., R.K.), School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551; Department of Biochemistry (P.K.J., M.S.) YLLSoM, National University of Singapore, MD6, Level 14 S Core, Singapore 117599; Growth, Development and Metabolism Program (X.G., C.D.M., R.K.), Singapore Institute of Clinical Sciences, Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, Singapore 117609; Department of Cell Biology (S.L.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115-5730; and Center for Integrative Genomics (W.W.), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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21
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Bonala S, Lokireddy S, McFarlane C, Patnam S, Sharma M, Kambadur R. Myostatin induces insulin resistance via Casitas B-lineage lymphoma b (Cblb)-mediated degradation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) protein in response to high calorie diet intake. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:7654-70. [PMID: 24451368 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.529925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To date a plethora of evidence has clearly demonstrated that continued high calorie intake leads to insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes with or without obesity. However, the necessary signals that initiate insulin resistance during high calorie intake remain largely unknown. Our results here show that in response to a regimen of high fat or high glucose diets, Mstn levels were induced in muscle and liver of mice. High glucose- or fat-mediated induction of Mstn was controlled at the level of transcription, as highly conserved carbohydrate response and sterol-responsive (E-box) elements were present in the Mstn promoter and were revealed to be critical for ChREBP (carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein) or SREBP1c (sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c) regulation of Mstn expression. Further molecular analysis suggested that the increased Mstn levels (due to high glucose or fatty acid loading) resulted in increased expression of Cblb in a Smad3-dependent manner. Casitas B-lineage lymphoma b (Cblb) is an ubiquitin E3 ligase that has been shown to specifically degrade insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) protein. Consistent with this, our results revealed that elevated Mstn levels specifically up-regulated Cblb, resulting in enhanced ubiquitin proteasome-mediated degradation of IRS1. In addition, over expression or knock down of Cblb had a major impact on IRS1 and pAkt levels in the presence or absence of insulin. Collectively, these observations strongly suggest that increased glucose levels and high fat diet, both, result in increased circulatory Mstn levels. The increased Mstn in turn is a potent inducer of insulin resistance by degrading IRS1 protein via the E3 ligase, Cblb, in a Smad3-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabeera Bonala
- From the School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551
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22
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Bonala S, McFarlane C, Ang J, Lim R, Lee M, Chua H, Lokireddy S, Sreekanth P, Leow MKS, Meng KC, Shyong TE, Lee YS, Gluckman PD, Sharma M, Kambadur R. Pid1 induces insulin resistance in both human and mouse skeletal muscle during obesity. Mol Endocrinol 2013; 27:1518-35. [PMID: 23927930 DOI: 10.1210/me.2013-1048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with insulin resistance and abnormal peripheral tissue glucose uptake. However, the mechanisms that interfere with insulin signaling and glucose uptake in human skeletal muscle during obesity are not fully characterized. Using microarray, we have identified that the expression of Pid1 gene, which encodes for a protein that contains a phosphotyrosine-interacting domain, is increased in myoblasts established from overweight insulin-resistant individuals. Molecular analysis further validated that both Pid1 mRNA and protein levels are increased in cell culture models of insulin resistance. Consistent with these results, overexpression of phosphotyrosine interaction domain-containing protein 1 (PID1) in human myoblasts resulted in reduced insulin signaling and glucose uptake, whereas knockdown of PID1 enhanced glucose uptake and insulin signaling in human myoblasts and improved the insulin sensitivity following palmitate-, TNF-α-, or myostatin-induced insulin resistance in human myoblasts. Furthermore, the number of mitochondria in myoblasts that ectopically express PID1 was significantly reduced. In addition to overweight humans, we find that Pid1 levels are also increased in all 3 peripheral tissues (liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue) in mouse models of diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. An in silico search for regulators of Pid1 expression revealed the presence of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) binding sites in the Pid1 promoter. Luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation studies confirmed that NF-κB is sufficient to transcriptionally up-regulate the Pid1 promoter. Furthermore, we find that myostatin up-regulates Pid1 expression via an NF-κB signaling mechanism. Collectively these results indicate that Pid1 is a potent intracellular inhibitor of insulin signaling pathway during obesity in humans and mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabeera Bonala
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551
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23
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High sugar intake and development of skeletal muscle insulin resistance and inflammation in mice: a protective role for PPAR- δ agonism. Mediators Inflamm 2013; 2013:509502. [PMID: 23861559 PMCID: PMC3703883 DOI: 10.1155/2013/509502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor (PPAR)-δ agonists may serve for treating metabolic diseases. However, the effects of PPAR-δ agonism within the skeletal muscle, which plays a key role in whole-body glucose metabolism, remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the signaling pathways activated in the gastrocnemius muscle by chronic administration of the selective PPAR-δ agonist, GW0742 (1 mg/kg/day for 16 weeks), in male C57Bl6/J mice treated for 30 weeks with high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), the major sweetener in foods and soft-drinks (15% wt/vol in drinking water). Mice fed with the HFCS diet exhibited hyperlipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperleptinemia, and hypoadiponectinemia. In the gastrocnemius muscle, HFCS impaired insulin and AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathways and reduced GLUT-4 and GLUT-5 expression and membrane translocation. GW0742 administration induced PPAR-δ upregulation and improvement in glucose and lipid metabolism. Diet-induced activation of nuclear factor-κB and expression of inducible-nitric-oxide-synthase and intercellular-adhesion-molecule-1 were attenuated by drug treatment. These effects were accompanied by reduction in the serum concentration of interleukin-6 and increase in muscular expression of fibroblast growth factor-21. Overall, here we show that PPAR-δ activation protects the skeletal muscle against the metabolic abnormalities caused by chronic HFCS exposure by affecting multiple levels of the insulin and inflammatory cascades.
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Kukreti H, Amuthavalli K, Harikumar A, Sathiyamoorthy S, Feng PZ, Anantharaj R, Tan SLK, Lokireddy S, Bonala S, Sriram S, McFarlane C, Kambadur R, Sharma M. Muscle-specific microRNA1 (miR1) targets heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) during dexamethasone-mediated atrophy. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:6663-78. [PMID: 23297411 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.390369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
High doses of dexamethasone (Dex) or myostatin (Mstn) induce severe atrophy of skeletal muscle. Here we show a novel microRNA1 (miR1)-mediated mechanism through which Dex promotes skeletal muscle atrophy. Using both C2C12 myotubes and mouse models of Dex-induced atrophy we show that Dex induces miR1 expression through glucocorticoid receptor (GR). We further show that Mstn treatment facilitates GR nuclear translocation and thereby induces miR1 expression. Inhibition of miR1 in C2C12 myotubes attenuated the Dex-induced increase in atrophy-related proteins confirming a role for miR1 in atrophy. Analysis of miR1 targets revealed that HSP70 is regulated by miR1 during atrophy. Our results demonstrate that increased miR1 during atrophy reduced HSP70 levels, which resulted in decreased phosphorylation of AKT, as HSP70 binds to and protects phosphorylation of AKT. We further show that loss of pAKT leads to decreased phosphorylation, and thus, enhanced activation of FOXO3, up-regulation of MuRF1 and Atrogin-1, and progression of skeletal muscle atrophy. Based on these results, we propose a model whereby Dex- and Mstn-mediated atrophic signals are integrated through miR1, which then either directly or indirectly, inhibits the proteins involved in providing protection against atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himani Kukreti
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive MD7, Singapore 117597
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