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Ghanbari A, Danaie Fard P, Azarmehr N, Mahmoudi R, Roozbehi A, Zibara K, Hosseini E. D-galactose Induces Senescence in Adult Mouse Neural Stem Cells by Imbalanced Oxidant and Antioxidant Activity and Differential Expression of Specific Hub Genes. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04546-1. [PMID: 39425831 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04546-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 10/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/21/2024]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a permanent state of cell cycle arrest that occurs in proliferating cells under various stresses causing age-related disorders. This study investigated the role of D-galactose in inducing premature senescence of neural stem cells (NSCs) and the genes involved in this process. After NSC isolation and proliferation, senescence was induced with 10, 20, or 30 µM concentrations of D-galactose for 24 h. Cell viability was tested using the MTT assay, and senescent cells were identified based on increased lysosomal β-galactosidase activity. In addition, levels of NO and malondialdehyde (MDA) oxidative biomarkers but also total thiols (T-SH) and total antioxidant FRAP, as well as inflammatory cytokines, were investigated. Besides, RNA-Seq was performed on the various groups, the gene network was mapped, and genes with the most significant changes were examined. Treatment of NSCs with 20 or 30 µM concentrations of D-galactose caused a significant decrease in cell survival, a number of neurospheres, and a number of neurosphere-derived cells, compared to the control group. In addition, the number of BrdU + cells significantly decreased after induction of NSC senescence with 10 or 20 μM D-galactose, whereas aging-related β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) increased significantly. Moreover, treatment with 10 or 20 μM D-galactose showed a significant increase in NO production, but not malondialdehyde (MDA). However, the levels of total thiol (T-SH) and antioxidant FRAP levels decreased significantly. Furthermore, TNF-α and IL-6 cytokines significantly increased in NSCs treated with 20 μM, but not 10 μM, D-galactose. Finally, a gene network consisting of 860 gene orthologs was mapped using RNA-Seq. Protein interactions were obtained in 11 hub genes which were classified using gene ontology based on molecular function, biological processes, or cellular processes. Genes with the most significant changes in aging included Fn1, Itga2, Itga3, Itga6, Itga8, Ptk2b, Grin2b, Cacna2d3, Pde4d, Shisa6, and Stac3. This study showed that D-galactose reduces NSC proliferation and antioxidant activity while increasing oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines. A survey of the genes involved in premature aging may be used as therapeutic candidates for aging-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ghanbari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Parisa Danaie Fard
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Nahid Azarmehr
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Reza Mahmoudi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Amrollah Roozbehi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Kazem Zibara
- ER045, Laboratory of Stem Cells, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Ebrahim Hosseini
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
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2
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Almomen M, Burgon PG. Why Craniofacial Surgeons/Researchers Need to be Aware of Native American Myopathy? Neuropediatrics 2024; 55:149-155. [PMID: 38378040 DOI: 10.1055/a-2271-8619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Congenital myopathy type 13 (CMYO13), also known as Native American myopathy, is a rare muscle disease characterized by early-onset hypotonia, muscle weakness, delayed motor milestones, and susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia. The phenotypic spectrum of congenital myopathy type 13 is expanding, with milder forms reported in non-native American patients. The first description of the disease dates to 1987 when Bailey and Bloch described an infant belonging to a Native American tribe with cleft palate, micrognathia, arthrogryposis, and general-anesthesia-induced malignant hyperthermia reaction; the cause of the latter remains poorly defined in this rare disease. The pan-ethnic distribution, as well as its predisposition to malignant hyperthermia, makes the identification of CMYO13 essential to avoid life-threatening, anesthesia-related complications. In this article, we are going to review the clinical phenotype of this disease and the pathophysiology of this rare disease with a focus on two unique features of the disease, namely cleft palate and malignant hyperthermia. We also highlight the importance of recognizing this disease's expanding phenotypic spectrum-including its susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia-and providing appropriate care to affected individuals and families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momen Almomen
- Department of Neurosciences, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Patrick G Burgon
- Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, State of Qatar
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3
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Nielsen SDH, Sahebekhtiari N, Huang Z, Young JF, Rasmussen MK. Comparison of secreted miRNAs and proteins during proliferation and differentiation of bovine satellite cells in culture implies potential roles in regulating myogenesis. Gene 2024; 894:147979. [PMID: 37952749 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Cultivated meat is an emerging new technology to produce sustainable meat for the future. The common approach for cultivated meat, is the isolation of satellite cells from donor animals, followed by in vitro proliferation and differentiation into primitive muscle fibers. The transformation of satellite cells into myofibers is tightly orchestrated by intra-cellular signaling, while the inter-cellular signaling is less well understood. Thus, the current study was conducted to map the secretion of potential signaling molecules (MicroRNAs and proteins) during proliferation and differentiation. Primary cultures of satellite cells were grown to 50% and 80% confluence, representing the proliferative phase or serum-starved for 1 and 3 days to induce differentiation. Post incubation in FBS-free media, the media were collected and analyzed for miRNA and protein content using gene-arrays and LC-MS/MS, respectively. When comparing the miRNA secretome at 50% and 80% confluence, we observed four differentially expressed miRNA, while only five were differentially expressed when comparing Day 1 to Day 3. A subsequent in silico analysis suggested that pathways of importance for myogenesis, e.g., MAPK and AMPK signaling, could be regulated by the secreted miRNAs. In addition, >300 proteins were secreted, including insulin-like growth factor 1 binding proteins 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. In conclusion, this study demonstrated differential secretion of several miRNAs and proteins during both proliferation and differentiation of bovine satellite cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Navid Sahebekhtiari
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Ziyu Huang
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Jette Feveile Young
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
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4
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Sun Y, Wang Y, Li Y, Li H, Wang C, Zhang Q. Comparative transcriptome and proteome analyses of the longissimus dorsi muscle for explaining the difference between donkey meat and other meats. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:3085-3098. [PMID: 36271875 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2134883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Domestic donkeys (Equus asinus) have been maintained mainly for service purposes in the past. Nowadays, there is an increasing interest in donkey milk and meat production in several countries, including China. Donkey meat is highly consumed because of its nutritional value and unique flavor. However, genomic studies on donkey meat are limited. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to examine the molecular difference of longissimus dorsi muscles of donkey, cow, and goat. RNA sequencing and Proteome sequencing technology were used to analyze the transcriptome and proteome of the longissimus dorsi muscle of donkey, cow, and goat. A total of 1338 and 1780 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in donkey meat compared with that in cow and goat meat, respectively. Most of the DEGs were involved in biological processes, including small GTPase-mediated signal transduction, protein ubiquitination, protein glycosylation, and MAP kinase tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity. Additionally, 764 and 1024 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in cow vs. donkey, and goat vs. donkey, respectively; these DEPs were mainly involved in metabolism. Genetic variation and regulatory factors can combine as a database to provide more valuable molecular information for further analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotochnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yonghui Wang
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yuhua Li
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Haijing Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E-E-Jiao Co. Ltd, Liaocheng, China
| | - Changfa Wang
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotochnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
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Campiglio M, Dyrda A, Tuinte WE, Török E. Ca V1.1 Calcium Channel Signaling Complexes in Excitation-Contraction Coupling: Insights from Channelopathies. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2023; 279:3-39. [PMID: 36592225 DOI: 10.1007/164_2022_627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In skeletal muscle, excitation-contraction (EC) coupling relies on the mechanical coupling between two ion channels: the L-type voltage-gated calcium channel (CaV1.1), located in the sarcolemma and functioning as the voltage sensor of EC coupling, and the ryanodine receptor 1 (RyR1), located on the sarcoplasmic reticulum serving as the calcium release channel. To this day, the molecular mechanism by which these two ion channels are linked remains elusive. However, recently, skeletal muscle EC coupling could be reconstituted in heterologous cells, revealing that only four proteins are essential for this process: CaV1.1, RyR1, and the cytosolic proteins CaVβ1a and STAC3. Due to the crucial role of these proteins in skeletal muscle EC coupling, any mutation that affects any one of these proteins can have devastating consequences, resulting in congenital myopathies and other pathologies.Here, we summarize the current knowledge concerning these four essential proteins and discuss the pathophysiology of the CaV1.1, RyR1, and STAC3-related skeletal muscle diseases with an emphasis on the molecular mechanisms. Being part of the same signalosome, mutations in different proteins often result in congenital myopathies with similar symptoms or even in the same disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Campiglio
- Institute of Physiology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Agnieszka Dyrda
- Institute of Physiology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wietske E Tuinte
- Institute of Physiology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Enikő Török
- Institute of Physiology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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6
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Zhang J, Wen H, Qi X, Zhang Y, Dong X, Zhang K, Zhang M, Li J, Li Y. Morphological and Molecular Responses of Lateolabrax maculatus Skeletal Muscle Cells to Different Temperatures. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179812. [PMID: 36077203 PMCID: PMC9456278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Temperature strongly modulates muscle development and growth in ectothermic teleosts; however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, primary cultures of skeletal muscle cells of Lateolabrax maculatus were conducted and reared at different temperatures (21, 25, and 28 °C) in both the proliferation and differentiation stages. CCK-8, EdU, wound scratch and nuclear fusion index assays revealed that the proliferation, myogenic differentiation, and migration processes of skeletal muscle cells were significantly accelerated as the temperature raises. Based on the GO, GSEA, and WGCNA, higher temperature (28 °C) induced genes involved in HSF1 activation, DNA replication, and ECM organization processes at the proliferation stage, as well as HSF1 activation, calcium activity regulation, myogenic differentiation, and myoblast fusion, and sarcomere assembly processes at the differentiation stage. In contrast, lower temperature (21 °C) increased the expression levels of genes associated with DNA damage, DNA repair and apoptosis processes at the proliferation stage, and cytokine signaling and neutrophil degranulation processes at the differentiation stage. Additionally, we screened several hub genes regulating myogenesis processes. Our results could facilitate the understanding of the regulatory mechanism of temperature on fish skeletal muscle growth and further contribute to utilizing rational management strategies and promoting organism growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yun Li
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0532-82-031-792
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7
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Wang X, Ran X, Niu X, Huang S, Li S, Wang J. Whole-genome sequence analysis reveals selection signatures for important economic traits in Xiang pigs. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11823. [PMID: 35821031 PMCID: PMC9276726 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14686-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Xiang pig (XP) is one of the best-known indigenous pig breeds in China, which is characterized by its small body size, strong disease resistance, high adaptability, favorite meat quality, small litter sizes, and early sexual maturity. However, the genomic evidence that links these unique traits of XP is still poorly understood. To identify the genomic signatures of selection in XP, we performed whole-genome resequencing on 25 unrelated individual XPs. We obtained 876.70 Gb of raw data from the genomic libraries. The LD analysis showed that the lowest level of linkage disequilibrium was observed in Xiang pig. Comparative genomic analysis between XPs and other breeds including Tibetan, Meishan, Duroc and Landrace revealed 3062, 1228, 907 and 1519 selected regions, respectively. The genes identified in selected regions of XPs were associated with growth and development processes (IGF1R, PROP1, TBX19, STAC3, RLF, SELENOM, MSTN), immunity and disease resistance (ZCCHC2, SERPINB2, ADGRE5, CYP7B1, STAT6, IL2, CD80, RHBDD3, PIK3IP1), environmental adaptation (NR2E1, SERPINB8, SERPINB10, SLC26A7, MYO1A, SDR9C7, UVSSA, EXPH5, VEGFC, PDE1A), reproduction (CCNB2, TRPM6, EYA3, CYP7B1, LIMK2, RSPO1, ADAM32, SPAG16), meat quality traits (DECR1, EWSR1), and early sexual maturity (TAC3). Through the absolute allele frequency difference (ΔAF) analysis, we explored two population-specific missense mutations occurred in NR6A1 and LTBP2 genes, which well explained that the vertebrae numbers of Xiang pigs were less than that of the European pig breeds. Our results indicated that Xiang pigs were less affected by artificial selection than the European and Meishan pig breeds. The selected candidate genes were mainly involved in growth and development, disease resistance, reproduction, meat quality, and early sexual maturity. This study provided a list of functional candidate genes, as well as a number of genetic variants, which would provide insight into the molecular basis for the unique traits of Xiang pig.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiying Wang
- Institute of Agro-Bioengineering/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservative and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science and College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.,Tongren University, Tongren, 554300, China
| | - Xueqin Ran
- Institute of Agro-Bioengineering/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservative and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science and College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Xi Niu
- Institute of Agro-Bioengineering/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservative and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science and College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Shihui Huang
- Institute of Agro-Bioengineering/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservative and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science and College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Institute of Agro-Bioengineering/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservative and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science and College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jiafu Wang
- Institute of Agro-Bioengineering/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservative and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science and College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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8
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Shishmarev D, Rowland E, Aditya S, Sundararaj S, Oakley AJ, Dulhunty AF, Casarotto MG. Molecular interactions of
STAC
proteins with skeletal muscle dihydropyridine receptor and excitation‐contraction coupling. Protein Sci 2022; 31:e4311. [PMID: 35481653 PMCID: PMC9019556 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Excitation‐contraction coupling (ECC) is the physiological process in which an electrical signal originating from the central nervous system is converted into muscle contraction. In skeletal muscle tissue, the key step in the molecular mechanism of ECC initiated by the muscle action potential is the cooperation between two Ca2+ channels, dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR; voltage‐dependent L‐type calcium channel) and ryanodine receptor 1 (RyR1). These two channels were originally postulated to communicate with each other via direct mechanical interactions; however, the molecular details of this cooperation have remained ambiguous. Recently, it has been proposed that one or more supporting proteins are in fact required for communication of DHPR with RyR1 during the ECC process. One such protein that is increasingly believed to play a role in this interaction is the SH3 and cysteine‐rich domain‐containing protein 3 (STAC3), which has been proposed to bind a cytosolic portion of the DHPR α1S subunit known as the II–III loop. In this work, we present direct evidence for an interaction between a small peptide sequence of the II–III loop and several residues within the SH3 domains of STAC3 as well as the neuronal isoform STAC2. Differences in this interaction between STAC3 and STAC2 suggest that STAC3 possesses distinct biophysical features that are potentially important for its physiological interactions with the II–III loop. Therefore, this work demonstrates an isoform‐specific interaction between STAC3 and the II–III loop of DHPR and provides novel insights into a putative molecular mechanism behind this association in the skeletal muscle ECC process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Shishmarev
- John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University Canberra Australia
- Research School of Biology Australian National University Canberra Australia
| | - Emily Rowland
- John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University Canberra Australia
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics University of Oxford Oxford UK
| | - Shouvik Aditya
- John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University Canberra Australia
- Research School of Biology Australian National University Canberra Australia
| | - Srinivasan Sundararaj
- John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University Canberra Australia
| | - Aaron J. Oakley
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience and Molecular Horizons University of Wollongong Wollongong Australia
| | - Angela F. Dulhunty
- John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University Canberra Australia
| | - Marco G. Casarotto
- Research School of Biology Australian National University Canberra Australia
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9
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Rufenach B, Van Petegem F. Structure and function of STAC proteins: Calcium channel modulators and critical components of muscle excitation-contraction coupling. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100874. [PMID: 34129875 PMCID: PMC8258685 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In skeletal muscle tissue, an intriguing mechanical coupling exists between two ion channels from different membranes: the L-type voltage-gated calcium channel (CaV1.1), located in the plasma membrane, and ryanodine receptor 1 (RyR1) located in the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane. Excitable cells rely on Cavs to initiate Ca2+ entry in response to action potentials. RyRs can amplify this signal by releasing Ca2+ from internal stores. Although this process can be mediated through Ca2+ as a messenger, an overwhelming amount of evidence suggests that RyR1 has recruited CaV1.1 directly as its voltage sensor. The exact mechanisms that underlie this coupling have been enigmatic, but a recent wave of reports have illuminated the coupling protein STAC3 as a critical player. Without STAC3, the mechanical coupling between Cav1.1 and RyR1 is lost, and muscles fail to contract. Various sequence variants of this protein have been linked to congenital myopathy. Other STAC isoforms are expressed in the brain and may serve as regulators of L-type CaVs. Despite the short length of STACs, several points of contacts have been proposed between them and CaVs. However, it is currently unclear whether STAC3 also forms direct interactions with RyR1, and whether this modulates RyR1 function. In this review, we discuss the 3D architecture of STAC proteins, the biochemical evidence for their interactions, the relevance of these connections for functional modulation, and their involvement in myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britany Rufenach
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Filip Van Petegem
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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10
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Chemello F, Wang Z, Li H, McAnally JR, Liu N, Bassel-Duby R, Olson EN. Degenerative and regenerative pathways underlying Duchenne muscular dystrophy revealed by single-nucleus RNA sequencing. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:29691-29701. [PMID: 33148801 PMCID: PMC7703557 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2018391117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal muscle disorder characterized by cycles of degeneration and regeneration of multinucleated myofibers and pathological activation of a variety of other muscle-associated cell types. The extent to which different nuclei within the shared cytoplasm of a myofiber may display transcriptional diversity and whether individual nuclei within a multinucleated myofiber might respond differentially to DMD pathogenesis is unknown. Similarly, the potential transcriptional diversity among nonmuscle cell types within dystrophic muscle has not been explored. Here, we describe the creation of a mouse model of DMD caused by deletion of exon 51 of the dystrophin gene, which represents a prevalent disease-causing mutation in humans. To understand the transcriptional abnormalities and heterogeneity associated with myofiber nuclei, as well as other mononucleated cell types that contribute to the muscle pathology associated with DMD, we performed single-nucleus transcriptomics of skeletal muscle of mice with dystrophin exon 51 deletion. Our results reveal distinctive and previously unrecognized myonuclear subtypes within dystrophic myofibers and uncover degenerative and regenerative transcriptional pathways underlying DMD pathogenesis. Our findings provide insights into the molecular underpinnings of DMD, controlled by the transcriptional activity of different types of muscle and nonmuscle nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Chemello
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Zhaoning Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - John R McAnally
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Rhonda Bassel-Duby
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Eric N Olson
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390;
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
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11
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Yin H, Zhao J, Han S, Cui C, Wang Y, Li D, Zhu Q. Molecular characterization, tissue distribution, and functional analysis of the STAC3 gene in chicken. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:171. [PMID: 32206505 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-2161-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Src homology 3 and cysteine-rich domain 3 gene (STAC3) encodes a protein containing both a cysteine-rich domain and two Src (sarcoma) homology 3 domains (SH3). STAC3 is specifically expressed in skeletal muscle and plays an important role in skeletal muscle development, but the explicit sequence and function of chicken SATC3 remain unknown. In the current study, we found the full-length chicken STAC3 cDNA to be 1383 bp long, with a 1092 bp open reading frame that harbors one cysteine-rich C1 domain and two SH3 domains. Tissue distribution analysis reveals chicken STAC3 mRNA only in skeletal muscle among 12 chicken tissues examined by reverse transcription PCR. Both cholecystokinin octapeptide analysis and a 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assay suggest that neither STAC3 overexpression nor knockdown has any effect on the proliferation of chicken skeletal muscle satellite cells. However, STAC3 knockdown significantly increases the mRNA expression of MyoG, MyoD, Mb, and MyHC, and the protein abundance of MyHC and MyoG, whereas the opposite result is found in STAC3 overexpressed cells. We conclude that the STAC3 gene is expressed specifically in skeletal muscle and is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle satellite cell differentiation in chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huadong Yin
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China
| | - Shunshun Han
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China
| | - Can Cui
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China
| | - Diyan Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China
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12
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Shishmarev D. Excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle: recent progress and unanswered questions. Biophys Rev 2020; 12:143-153. [PMID: 31950344 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-020-00610-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) is a physiological process that links excitation of muscles by the nervous system to their mechanical contraction. In skeletal muscle, ECC is initiated with an action potential, generated by the somatic nervous system, which causes a depolarisation of the muscle fibre membrane (sarcolemma). This leads to a rapid change in the transmembrane potential, which is detected by the voltage-gated Ca2+ channel dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR) embedded in the sarcolemma. DHPR transmits the contractile signal to another Ca2+ channel, ryanodine receptor (RyR1), embedded in the membrane of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), which releases a large amount of Ca2+ ions from the SR that initiate muscle contraction. Despite the fundamental role of ECC in skeletal muscle function of all vertebrate species, the molecular mechanism underpinning the communication between the two key proteins involved in the process (DHPR and RyR1) is still largely unknown. The goal of this work is to review the recent progress in our understanding of ECC in skeletal muscle from the point of view of the structure and interactions of proteins involved in the process, and to highlight the unanswered questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Shishmarev
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
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13
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Flucher BE, Campiglio M. STAC proteins: The missing link in skeletal muscle EC coupling and new regulators of calcium channel function. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:1101-1110. [PMID: 30543836 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Excitation-contraction coupling is the signaling process by which action potentials control calcium release and consequently the force of muscle contraction. Until recently, three triad proteins were known to be essential for skeletal muscle EC coupling: the voltage-gated calcium channel CaV1.1 acting as voltage sensor, the SR calcium release channel RyR1 representing the only relevant calcium source, and the auxiliary CaV β1a subunit. Whether CaV1.1 and RyR1 are directly coupled or whether their interaction is mediated by another triad protein is still unknown. The recent identification of the adaptor protein STAC3 as fourth essential component of skeletal muscle EC coupling prompted vigorous research to reveal its role in this signaling process. Accumulating evidence supports its possible involvement in linking CaV1.1 and RyR1 in skeletal muscle EC coupling, but also indicates a second, much broader role of STAC proteins in the regulation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent feedback regulation of L-type calcium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard E Flucher
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Medical University Innsbruck, Schöpfstraße 41, A6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Marta Campiglio
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Medical University Innsbruck, Schöpfstraße 41, A6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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14
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Harish P, Mareco E, Garcia de la serrana D. A pilot study to elucidate effects of artificial selection by size on the zebrafish (Danio rerio) fast skeletal muscle transcriptome. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2019; 233:65-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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15
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Zaharieva IT, Sarkozy A, Munot P, Manzur A, O'Grady G, Rendu J, Malfatti E, Amthor H, Servais L, Urtizberea JA, Neto OA, Zanoteli E, Donkervoort S, Taylor J, Dixon J, Poke G, Foley AR, Holmes C, Williams G, Holder M, Yum S, Medne L, Quijano-Roy S, Romero NB, Fauré J, Feng L, Bastaki L, Davis MR, Phadke R, Sewry CA, Bönnemann CG, Jungbluth H, Bachmann C, Treves S, Muntoni F. STAC3 variants cause a congenital myopathy with distinctive dysmorphic features and malignant hyperthermia susceptibility. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:1980-1994. [PMID: 30168660 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SH3 and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein 3 (STAC3) is an essential component of the skeletal muscle excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) machinery, though its role and function are not yet completely understood. Here, we report 18 patients carrying a homozygous p.(Trp284Ser) STAC3 variant in addition to a patient compound heterozygous for the p.(Trp284Ser) and a novel splice site change (c.997-1G > T). Clinical severity ranged from prenatal onset with severe features at birth, to a milder and slowly progressive congenital myopathy phenotype. A malignant hyperthermia (MH)-like reaction had occurred in several patients. The functional analysis demonstrated impaired ECC. In particular, KCl-induced membrane depolarization resulted in significantly reduced sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release. Co-immunoprecipitation of STAC3 with CaV 1.1 in patients and control muscle samples showed that the protein interaction between STAC3 and CaV 1.1 was not significantly affected by the STAC3 variants. This study demonstrates that STAC3 gene analysis should be included in the diagnostic work up of patients of any ethnicity presenting with congenital myopathy, in particular if a history of MH-like episodes is reported. While the precise pathomechanism remains to be elucidated, our functional characterization of STAC3 variants revealed that defective ECC is not a result of CaV 1.1 sarcolemma mislocalization or impaired STAC3-CaV 1.1 interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina T Zaharieva
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Anna Sarkozy
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Pinki Munot
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Adnan Manzur
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Gina O'Grady
- Institute of Neuroscience and Muscle Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John Rendu
- UFR de Médecine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Eduardo Malfatti
- Neuromuscular Morphology Unit and Neuromuscular Pathology Reference Center Paris-Est, Center for Research in Myology, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Helge Amthor
- UFR des sciences de la santé, Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France.,Service de Pédiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France
| | | | - J Andoni Urtizberea
- Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire, FILNEMUS, Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France
| | - Osorio Abath Neto
- Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Edmar Zanoteli
- Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Donkervoort
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Juliet Taylor
- Genetic Health Service New Zealand, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Joanne Dixon
- Genetic Health Service New Zealand, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Gemma Poke
- Genetic Health Service New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - A Reghan Foley
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Muriel Holder
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sabrina Yum
- Division of Neurology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Livija Medne
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Susana Quijano-Roy
- Service de Pédiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France.,Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire GNMH, FILNEMUS, Université de Versailles, Versailles, France
| | - Norma B Romero
- Neuromuscular Morphology Unit and Neuromuscular Pathology Reference Center Paris-Est, Center for Research in Myology, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Julien Fauré
- UFR de Médecine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Lucy Feng
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Laila Bastaki
- Kuwait Medical Genetics Centre, Maternity Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Mark R Davis
- Department of Diagnostic Genomics, Pathwest Laboratory Medicine, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rahul Phadke
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Caroline A Sewry
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Wolfson Centre for Inherited Neuromuscular Diseases, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, UK
| | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Heinz Jungbluth
- Randall Division for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Muscle Signaling Section, King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, IoPPN, King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Anesthesia and Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Bachmann
- Department of Anesthesia and Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Susan Treves
- Department of Anesthesia and Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK.,NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
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16
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Stac Proteins Suppress Ca 2+-Dependent Inactivation of Neuronal l-type Ca 2+ Channels. J Neurosci 2018; 38:9215-9227. [PMID: 30201773 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0695-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Stac protein (named for its SH3- and cysteine-rich domains) was first identified in brain 20 years ago and is currently known to have three isoforms. Stac2, Stac1, and Stac3 transcripts are found at high, modest, and very low levels, respectively, in the cerebellum and forebrain, but their neuronal functions have been little investigated. Here, we tested the effects of Stac proteins on neuronal, high-voltage-activated Ca2+ channels. Overexpression of the three Stac isoforms eliminated Ca2+-dependent inactivation (CDI) of l-type current in rat neonatal hippocampal neurons (sex unknown), but not CDI of non-l-type current. Using heterologous expression in tsA201 cells (together with β and α2-δ1 auxiliary subunits), we found that CDI for CaV1.2 and CaV1.3 (the predominant, neuronal l-type Ca2+ channels) was suppressed by all three Stac isoforms, whereas CDI for the P/Q channel, CaV2.1, was not. For CaV1.2, the inhibition of CDI by the Stac proteins appeared to involve their direct interaction with the channel's C terminus. Within the Stac proteins, a weakly conserved segment containing ∼100 residues and linking the structurally conserved PKC C1 and SH3_1 domains was sufficient to fully suppress CDI. The presence of CDI for l-type current in control neonatal neurons raised the possibility that endogenous Stac levels are low in these neurons and Western blotting indicated that the expression of Stac2 was substantially increased in adult forebrain and cerebellum compared with neonate. Together, our results indicate that one likely function of neuronal Stac proteins is to tune Ca2+ entry via neuronal l-type channels.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Stac protein, first identified 20 years ago in brain, has recently been found to be essential for proper trafficking and function of the skeletal muscle l-type Ca2+ channel and is the site of mutations causing a severe, inherited human myopathy. In neurons, however, functions for Stac protein have remained unexplored. Here, we report that one likely function of neuronal Stac proteins is tuning Ca2+ entry via l-type, but not that via non-l-type, Ca2+ channels. Moreover, there is a large postnatal increase in protein levels of the major neuronal isoform (Stac2) in forebrain and cerebellum, which could provide developmental regulation of l-type channel Ca2+ signaling in these brain regions.
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17
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Structural insights into binding of STAC proteins to voltage-gated calcium channels. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E9520-E9528. [PMID: 29078335 PMCID: PMC5692558 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1708852114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Excitation-contraction (EC) coupling in skeletal muscle requires functional and mechanical coupling between L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (CaV1.1) and the ryanodine receptor (RyR1). Recently, STAC3 was identified as an essential protein for EC coupling and is part of a group of three proteins that can bind and modulate L-type voltage-gated calcium channels. Here, we report crystal structures of tandem-SH3 domains of different STAC isoforms up to 1.2-Å resolution. These form a rigid interaction through a conserved interdomain interface. We identify the linker connecting transmembrane repeats II and III in two different CaV isoforms as a binding site for the SH3 domains and report a crystal structure of the complex with the STAC2 isoform. The interaction site includes the location for a disease variant in STAC3 that has been linked to Native American myopathy (NAM). Introducing the mutation does not cause misfolding of the SH3 domains, but abolishes the interaction. Disruption of the interaction via mutations in the II-III loop perturbs skeletal muscle EC coupling, but preserves the ability of STAC3 to slow down inactivation of CaV1.2.
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18
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Telegrafi A, Webb BD, Robbins SM, Speck-Martins CE, FitzPatrick D, Fleming L, Redett R, Dufke A, Houge G, van Harssel JJT, Verloes A, Robles A, Manoli I, Engle EC, Jabs EW, Valle D, Carey J, Hoover-Fong JE, Sobreira NLM. Identification of STAC3 variants in non-Native American families with overlapping features of Carey-Fineman-Ziter syndrome and Moebius syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 173:2763-2771. [PMID: 28777491 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Horstick et al. (2013) previously reported a homozygous p.Trp284Ser variant in STAC3 as the cause of Native American myopathy (NAM) in 5 Lumbee Native American families with congenital hypotonia and weakness, cleft palate, short stature, ptosis, kyphoscoliosis, talipes deformities, and susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia (MH). Here we present two non-Native American families, who were found to have STAC3 pathogenic variants. The first proband and her affected older sister are from a consanguineous Qatari family with a suspected clinical diagnosis of Carey-Fineman-Ziter syndrome (CFZS) based on features of hypotonia, myopathic facies with generalized weakness, ptosis, normal extraocular movements, cleft palate, growth delay, and kyphoscoliosis. We identified the homozygous c.851G>C;p.Trp284Ser variant in STAC3 in both sisters. The second proband and his affected sister are from a non-consanguineous, Puerto Rican family who was evaluated for a possible diagnosis of Moebius syndrome (MBS). His features included facial and generalized weakness, minimal limitation of horizontal gaze, cleft palate, and hypotonia, and he has a history of MH. The siblings were identified to be compound heterozygous for STAC3 variants c.851G>C;p.Trp284Ser and c.763_766delCTCT;p.Leu255IlefsX58. Given the phenotypic overlap of individuals with CFZS, MBS, and NAM, we screened STAC3 in 12 individuals diagnosed with CFZS and in 50 individuals diagnosed with MBS or a congenital facial weakness disorder. We did not identify any rare coding variants in STAC3. NAM should be considered in patients presenting with facial and generalized weakness, normal or mildly abnormal extraocular movement, hypotonia, cleft palate, and scoliosis, particularly if there is a history of MH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bryn D Webb
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Sarah M Robbins
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - David FitzPatrick
- Human Genetics Unit, Medical and Developmental Genetics, University of Edinburgh Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Leah Fleming
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Richard Redett
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Andreas Dufke
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Rare Disease Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gunnar Houge
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jeske J T van Harssel
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Medical Center, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alain Verloes
- Department of Genetics-Hospital Robert DEBRE, Paris, France
| | - Angela Robles
- Dr. Angela Robles Pediatrics Private Practice, San Sebastian, Puerto Rico
| | - Irini Manoli
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Elizabeth C Engle
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Howard Hughes Medical Institution, Chevy Chase, Maryland
| | | | - Ethylin W Jabs
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - David Valle
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - John Carey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Julie E Hoover-Fong
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Greenberg Center for Skeletal Dysplasias, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Nara L M Sobreira
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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19
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Trafficking of neuronal calcium channels. Neuronal Signal 2017; 1:NS20160003. [PMID: 32714572 PMCID: PMC7373241 DOI: 10.1042/ns20160003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) serve complex yet essential physiological functions via their pivotal role in translating electrical signals into intracellular calcium elevations and associated downstream signalling pathways. There are a number of regulatory mechanisms to ensure a dynamic control of the number of channels embedded in the plasma membrane, whereas alteration of the surface expression of VGCCs has been linked to various disease conditions. Here, we provide an overview of the mechanisms that control the trafficking of VGCCs to and from the plasma membrane, and discuss their implication in pathophysiological conditions and their potential as therapeutic targets.
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20
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Bannister RA. Bridging the myoplasmic gap II: more recent advances in skeletal muscle excitation-contraction coupling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 219:175-82. [PMID: 26792328 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.124123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In skeletal muscle, excitation-contraction (EC) coupling relies on the transmission of an intermolecular signal from the voltage-sensing regions of the L-type Ca(2+) channel (Ca(V)1.1) in the plasma membrane to the channel pore of the type 1 ryanodine receptor (RyR1) nearly 10 nm away in the membrane of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Even though the roles of Ca(V)1.1 and RyR1 as voltage sensor and SR Ca(2+) release channel, respectively, have been established for nearly 25 years, the mechanism underlying communication between these two channels remains undefined. In the course of this article, I will review current viewpoints on this topic with particular emphasis on recent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A Bannister
- Department of Medicine-Cardiology Division, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Room 8006, B-139, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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21
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Sun L, Bai M, Xiang L, Zhang G, Ma W, Jiang H. Comparative transcriptome profiling of longissimus muscle tissues from Qianhua Mutton Merino and Small Tail Han sheep. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33586. [PMID: 27645777 PMCID: PMC5028831 DOI: 10.1038/srep33586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Qianhua Mutton Merino (QHMM) is a new sheep (Ovis aries) variety with better meat performance compared with the traditional local variety Small Tail Han (STH) sheep. We aimed to evaluate the transcriptome regulators associated with muscle growth and development between the QHMM and STH. We used RNA-Seq to obtain the transcriptome profiles of the longissimus muscle from the QHMM and STH. The results showed that 960 genes were differentially expressed (405 were up-regulated and 555 were down-regulated). Among these, 463 differently expressed genes (DEGs) were probably associated with muscle growth and development and were involved in biological processes such as skeletal muscle tissue development and muscle cell differentiation; molecular functions such as catalytic activity and oxidoreductase activity; cellular components such as mitochondrion and sarcoplasmic reticulum; and pathways such as metabolic pathways and citrate cycle. From the potential genes, a gene-act-network and co-expression-network closely related to muscle growth and development were identified and established. Finally, the expressions of nine genes were validated by real-time PCR. The results suggested that some DEGs, including MRFs, GXP1 and STAC3, play crucial roles in muscle growth and development processes. This genome-wide transcriptome analysis of QHMM and STH muscle is reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Man Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Lujie Xiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Guishan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Wei Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Huaizhi Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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22
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Cong X, Doering J, Grange RW, Jiang H. Defective excitation-contraction coupling is partially responsible for impaired contractility in hindlimb muscles of Stac3 knockout mice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26194. [PMID: 27184118 PMCID: PMC4868984 DOI: 10.1038/srep26194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The Stac3 gene is exclusively expressed in skeletal muscle, and Stac3 knockout is perinatal lethal in mice. Previous data from Stac3-deleted diaphragms indicated that Stac3-deleted skeletal muscle could not contract because of defective excitation-contraction (EC) coupling. In this study, we determined the contractility of Stac3-deleted hindlimb muscle. In response to frequent electrostimulation, Stac3-deleted hindlimb muscle contracted but the maximal tension generated was only 20% of that in control (wild type or heterozygous) muscle (P < 0.05). In response to high [K(+)], caffeine, and 4-chloro-m-cresol (4-CMC), the maximal tensions generated in Stac3-deleted muscle were 29% (P < 0.05), 58% (P = 0.08), and 55% (P < 0.05) of those in control muscle, respectively. In response to 4-CMC or caffeine, over 90% of myotubes formed from control myoblasts contracted, but only 60% of myotubes formed from Stac3-deleted myoblasts contracted (P = 0.05). However, in response to 4-CMC or caffeine, similar increases in intracellular calcium concentration were observed in Stac3-deleted and control myotubes. Gene expression and histological analyses revealed that Stac3-deleted hindlimb muscle contained more slow type-like fibers than control muscle. These data together confirm a critical role of STAC3 in EC coupling but also suggest that STAC3 may have additional functions in skeletal muscle, at least in the hindlimb muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Cong
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Jonathan Doering
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Robert W Grange
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Honglin Jiang
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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23
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Rzhepetskyy Y, Lazniewska J, Proft J, Campiglio M, Flucher BE, Weiss N. A Ca v3.2/Stac1 molecular complex controls T-type channel expression at the plasma membrane. Channels (Austin) 2016; 10:346-354. [PMID: 27149520 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2016.1186318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-voltage-activated T-type calcium channels are essential contributors to neuronal physiology where they play complex yet fundamentally important roles in shaping intrinsic excitability of nerve cells and neurotransmission. Aberrant neuronal excitability caused by alteration of T-type channel expression has been linked to a number of neuronal disorders including epilepsy, sleep disturbance, autism, and painful chronic neuropathy. Hence, there is increased interest in identifying the cellular mechanisms and actors that underlie the trafficking of T-type channels in normal and pathological conditions. In the present study, we assessed the ability of Stac adaptor proteins to associate with and modulate surface expression of T-type channels. We report the existence of a Cav3.2/Stac1 molecular complex that relies on the binding of Stac1 to the amino-terminal region of the channel. This interaction potently modulates expression of the channel protein at the cell surface resulting in an increased T-type conductance. Altogether, our data establish Stac1 as an important modulator of T-type channel expression and provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the trafficking of T-type channels to the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy Rzhepetskyy
- a Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Joanna Lazniewska
- a Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Juliane Proft
- a Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Marta Campiglio
- b Division of Physiology, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Medical University Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Bernhard E Flucher
- b Division of Physiology, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Medical University Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Norbert Weiss
- a Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Prague , Czech Republic
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Azizi S, Nematollahi MA, Mojazi Amiri B, Vélez EJ, Lutfi E, Navarro I, Capilla E, Gutiérrez J. Lysine and Leucine Deficiencies Affect Myocytes Development and IGF Signaling in Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147618. [PMID: 26808650 PMCID: PMC4725776 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimizing aquaculture production requires better knowledge of growth regulation and improvement in diet formulation. A great effort has been made to replace fish meal for plant protein sources in aquafeeds, making necessary the supplementation of such diets with crystalline amino acids (AA) to cover the nutritional requirements of each species. Lysine and Leucine are limiting essential AA in fish, and it has been demonstrated that supplementation with them improves growth in different species. However, the specific effects of AA deficiencies in myogenesis are completely unknown and have only been studied at the level of hepatic metabolism. It is well-known that the TOR pathway integrates the nutritional and hormonal signals to regulate protein synthesis and cell proliferation, to finally control muscle growth, a process also coordinated by the expression of myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs). This study aimed to provide new information on the impact of Lysine and Leucine deficiencies in gilthead sea bream cultured myocytes examining their development and the response of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), MRFs, as well as key molecules involved in muscle growth regulation like TOR. Leucine deficiency did not cause significant differences in most of the molecules analyzed, whereas Lysine deficiency appeared crucial in IGFs regulation, decreasing significantly IGF-I, IGF-II and IGF-IRb mRNA levels. This treatment also down-regulated the gene expression of different MRFs, including Myf5, Myogenin and MyoD2. These changes were also corroborated by a significant decrease in proliferation and differentiation markers in the Lysine-deficient treatment. Moreover, both Lysine and Leucine limitation induced a significant down-regulation in FOXO3 gene expression, which deserves further investigation. We believe that these results will be relevant for the production of a species as appreciated for human consumption as it is gilthead sea bream and demonstrates the importance of an adequate level of Lysine in fishmeal diet formulation for optimum growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheida Azizi
- Department of Fisheries Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
- Departament de Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mohammad Ali Nematollahi
- Department of Fisheries Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
- * E-mail: (MAN); (JG)
| | - Bagher Mojazi Amiri
- Department of Fisheries Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Emilio J. Vélez
- Departament de Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esmail Lutfi
- Departament de Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Navarro
- Departament de Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Encarnación Capilla
- Departament de Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Gutiérrez
- Departament de Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail: (MAN); (JG)
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanari Gotoda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kyorin University
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26
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Mareco EA, Garcia de la Serrana D, Johnston IA, Dal-Pai-Silva M. Characterization of the transcriptome of fast and slow muscle myotomal fibres in the pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus). BMC Genomics 2015; 16:182. [PMID: 25886905 PMCID: PMC4372171 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1423-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) is a member of the Characiform family native to the Prata Basin (South America) and a target for the aquaculture industry. A limitation for the development of a selective breeding program for this species is a lack of available genetic information. The primary objectives of the present study were 1) to increase the genetic resources available for the species, 2) to exploit the anatomical separation of myotomal fibres types to compare the transcriptomes of slow and fast muscle phenotypes and 3) to systematically investigate the expression of Ubiquitin Specific Protease (USP) family members in fast and slow muscle in response to fasting and refeeding. RESULTS We generated 0.6 Tb of pair-end reads from slow and fast skeletal muscle libraries. Over 665 million reads were assembled into 504,065 contigs with an average length of 1,334 bp and N50 = 2,772 bp. We successfully annotated nearly 47% of the transcriptome and identified around 15,000 unique genes and over 8000 complete coding sequences. 319 KEGG metabolic pathways were also annotated and 380 putative microsatellites were identified. 956 and 604 genes were differentially expressed between slow and fast skeletal muscle, respectively. 442 paralogues pairs arising from the teleost-specific whole genome duplication were identified, with the majority showing different expression patterns between fibres types (301 in slow and 245 in fast skeletal muscle). 45 members of the USP family were identified in the transcriptome. Transcript levels were quantified by qPCR in a separate fasting and refeeding experiment. USP genes in fast muscle showed a similar transient increase in expression with fasting as the better characterized E3 ubiquitin ligases. CONCLUSION We have generated a 53-fold coverage transcriptome for fast and slow myotomal muscle in the pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) significantly increasing the genetic resources available for this important aquaculture species. We describe significant differences in gene expression between muscle fibre types for fundamental components of general metabolism, the Pi3k/Akt/mTor network and myogenesis, including detailed analysis of paralogue expression. We also provide a comprehensive description of USP family member expression between muscle fibre types and with changing nutritional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edson A Mareco
- Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, 18618-970, São Paulo, Brazil. .,School of Biology, Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 8LB, Scotland, UK.
| | | | - Ian A Johnston
- School of Biology, Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 8LB, Scotland, UK.
| | - Maeli Dal-Pai-Silva
- Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, 18618-970, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Akiyama K, Liang YQ, Isono M, Kato N. Investigation of Functional Genes at Homologous Loci Identified Based on Genome-wide Association Studies of Blood Lipids via High-fat Diet Intervention in Rats using an in vivo Approach. J Atheroscler Thromb 2014; 22:455-80. [PMID: 25445557 DOI: 10.5551/jat.27706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM It is challenging to identify causal (or target) genes at individual loci detected using genome-wide association studies (GWAS). In order to follow up GWAS loci, we investigated functional genes at homologous loci identified using human lipid GWAS that responded to a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet (HFD) intervention in an animal model. METHODS The HFD intervention was carried out for four weeks in male rats of the spontaneously hypertensive rat strain. The liver and adipose tissues were subsequently excised for analyses of changes in the gene expression as compared to that observed in rats fed normal rat chow (n=8 per group). From 98 lipid-associated loci reported in previous GWAS, 280 genes with rat orthologs were initially selected as targets for the two-staged analysis involving screening with DNA microarray and validation with quantitative PCR (qPCR). Consequently, genes showing a differential expression due to HFD were examined for changes in the expression induced by atorvastatin, which was independently administered to the rats. RESULTS Using the HFD intervention in the rats, seven known (Abca1, Abcg5, Abcg8, Lpl, Nr1h3, Pcsk9 and Pltp) and three novel (Madd, Stac3 and Timd4) genes were identified as potential significant targets, with an additional list of 23 suggestive genes. Among these 33 genes, Stac3, Fads1 and six known genes exhibited nominally significant expression changes following treatment with atorvastatin. Six (of 33) genes overlapped with those previously detected in the expression QTL studies. CONCLUSIONS Our experimental in vivo approach increases the ability to identify target gene(s), when combined with other functional studies, thus improving understanding of the mechanisms by which GWAS variants act.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Akiyama
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Zhang Y, Cong X, Wang A, Jiang H. Identification of the STAC3 gene as a skeletal muscle-specifically expressed gene and a novel regulator of satellite cell differentiation in cattle1. J Anim Sci 2014; 92:3284-90. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-7656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Zhang
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg 24061-0306
| | - X. Cong
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg 24061-0306
| | - A. Wang
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg 24061-0306
| | - H. Jiang
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg 24061-0306
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29
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Ge X, Zhang Y, Park S, Cong X, Gerrard DE, Jiang H. Stac3 inhibits myoblast differentiation into myotubes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95926. [PMID: 24788338 PMCID: PMC4005754 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The functionally undefined Stac3 gene, predicted to encode a SH3 domain- and C1 domain-containing protein, was recently found to be specifically expressed in skeletal muscle and essential to normal skeletal muscle development and contraction. In this study we determined the potential role of Stac3 in myoblast proliferation and differentiation, two important steps of muscle development. Neither siRNA-mediated Stac3 knockdown nor plasmid-mediated Stac3 overexpression affected the proliferation of C2C12 myoblasts. Stac3 knockdown promoted the differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts into myotubes as evidenced by increased fusion index, increased number of nuclei per myotube, and increased mRNA and protein expression of myogenic markers including myogenin and myosin heavy chain. In contrast, Stac3 overexpression inhibited the differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts into myotubes as evidenced by decreased fusion index, decreased number of nuclei per myotube, and decreased mRNA and protein expression of myogenic markers. Compared to wild-type myoblasts, myoblasts from Stac3 knockout mouse embryos showed accelerated differentiation into myotubes in culture as evidenced by increased fusion index, increased number of nuclei per myotube, and increased mRNA expression of myogenic markers. Collectively, these data suggest an inhibitory role of endogenous Stac3 in myoblast differentiation. Myogenesis is a tightly controlled program; myofibers formed from prematurely differentiated myoblasts are dysfunctional. Thus, Stac3 may play a role in preventing precocious myoblast differentiation during skeletal muscle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Ge
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Yafei Zhang
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Sungwon Park
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Xiaofei Cong
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - David E. Gerrard
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Honglin Jiang
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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30
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Zhu D, Mackenzie NCW, Millan JL, Farquharson C, Macrae VE. Upregulation of IGF2 expression during vascular calcification. J Mol Endocrinol 2014; 52:77-85. [PMID: 24482492 PMCID: PMC5610348 DOI: 10.1530/jme-13-0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The process of vascular calcification shares many similarities with that of skeletal mineralisation and involves the deposition of hydroxyapatite crystals in arteries and cardiac valves. However, the cellular mechanisms responsible have yet to be fully elucidated. In this study, we employed microarray analysis to demonstrate the upregulation of more than >9000 genes during the calcification of murine vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), of which the most significantly, differentially expressed gene was Igf2. Following the validation of increased IGF2 expression by RT-qPCR and immunoblotting in calcifying murine VSMCs, IGF2 expression was further demonstrated in the calcified aorta of the Enpp1(-/-) mouse model of medial aortic calcification. Having confirmed that IGF1R and IGF2R were expressed in cultured murine VSMCs, cell-signalling studies in these cells revealed that IGF2 (50 ng/ml) significantly stimulated the phosphorylation of Akt and Erk1/2 (P<0.05). These results potentially indicate that IGF2 may mediate VSMC calcification via the stimulation of Erk1/2 and Akt signalling. This study suggests that the increased IGF2 expression in calcifying VSMCs may reflect the well-established prenatal role of IGF2, particularly as the osteogenic phenotypic transition of VSMCs in a calcified environment recapitulates many of the events occurring during embryonic development. A full understanding of the importance of IGF2 in this pathological process will lead to a better understanding of the aetiology of vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxing Zhu
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Roslin, Midlothian, EH25 9RG Scotland, UK Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Sanford Children's Health Research Center, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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Rebbeck RT, Karunasekara Y, Board PG, Beard NA, Casarotto MG, Dulhunty AF. Skeletal muscle excitation–contraction coupling: Who are the dancing partners? Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 48:28-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2013] [Revised: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Skeletal muscle-specific T-tubule protein STAC3 mediates voltage-induced Ca2+ release and contractility. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:11881-6. [PMID: 23818578 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1310571110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Excitation-contraction (EC) coupling comprises events in muscle that convert electrical signals to Ca(2+) transients, which then trigger contraction of the sarcomere. Defects in these processes cause a spectrum of muscle diseases. We report that STAC3, a skeletal muscle-specific protein that localizes to T tubules, is essential for coupling membrane depolarization to Ca(2+) release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Consequently, homozygous deletion of src homology 3 and cysteine rich domain 3 (Stac3) in mice results in complete paralysis and perinatal lethality with a range of musculoskeletal defects that reflect a blockade of EC coupling. Muscle contractility and Ca(2+) release from the SR of cultured myotubes from Stac3 mutant mice could be restored by application of 4-chloro-m-cresol, a ryanodine receptor agonist, indicating that the sarcomeres, SR Ca(2+) store, and ryanodine receptors are functional in Stac3 mutant skeletal muscle. These findings reveal a previously uncharacterized, but required, component of the EC coupling machinery of skeletal muscle and introduce a candidate for consideration in myopathic disorders.
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Stac3 is a novel regulator of skeletal muscle development in mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62760. [PMID: 23626854 PMCID: PMC3633831 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study was to identify novel factors that mediate skeletal muscle development or function. We began the study by searching the gene expression databases for genes that have no known functions but are preferentially expressed in skeletal muscle. This search led to the identification of the Src homology three (SH3) domain and cysteine rich (C1) domain 3 (Stac3) gene. We experimentally confirmed that Stac3 mRNA was predominantly expressed in skeletal muscle. We determined if Stac3 plays a role in skeletal muscle development or function by generating Stac3 knockout mice. All Stac3 homozygous mutant mice were found dead at birth, were never seen move, and had a curved body and dropping forelimbs. These mice had marked abnormalities in skeletal muscles throughout the body, including central location of myonuclei, decreased number but increased cross-sectional area of myofibers, decreased number and size of myofibrils, disarrayed myofibrils, and streaming Z-lines. These phenotypes demonstrate that the Stac3 gene plays a critical role in skeletal muscle development and function in mice.
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Horstick EJ, Linsley JW, Dowling JJ, Hauser MA, McDonald KK, Ashley-Koch A, Saint-Amant L, Satish A, Cui WW, Zhou W, Sprague SM, Stamm DS, Powell CM, Speer MC, Franzini-Armstrong C, Hirata H, Kuwada JY. Stac3 is a component of the excitation-contraction coupling machinery and mutated in Native American myopathy. Nat Commun 2013; 4:1952. [PMID: 23736855 PMCID: PMC4056023 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Excitation-contraction coupling, the process that regulates contractions by skeletal muscles, transduces changes in membrane voltage by activating release of Ca(2+) from internal stores to initiate muscle contraction. Defects in excitation-contraction coupling are associated with muscle diseases. Here we identify Stac3 as a novel component of the excitation-contraction coupling machinery. Using a zebrafish genetic screen, we generate a locomotor mutation that is mapped to stac3. We provide electrophysiological, Ca(2+) imaging, immunocytochemical and biochemical evidence that Stac3 participates in excitation-contraction coupling in muscles. Furthermore, we reveal that a mutation in human STAC3 is the genetic basis of the debilitating Native American myopathy (NAM). Analysis of NAM stac3 in zebrafish shows that the NAM mutation decreases excitation-contraction coupling. These findings enhance our understanding of both excitation-contraction coupling and the pathology of myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J. Horstick
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jeremy W. Linsley
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - James J. Dowling
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Michael A. Hauser
- Departments of Medicine and Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kristin K. McDonald
- Departments of Medicine and Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Allison Ashley-Koch
- Departments of Medicine and Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Louis Saint-Amant
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Departement de Pathologie et Biologie Cellulaire, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Canada H3T 1J4
| | - Akhila Satish
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Wilson W. Cui
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Weibin Zhou
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Life Science Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Shawn M. Sprague
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Demetra S. Stamm
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Cynthia M. Powell
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Marcy C. Speer
- Center for Human Genetics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Clara Franzini-Armstrong
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hiromi Hirata
- National Institute of Genetics, Mishima 411-8540, Japan
| | - John Y. Kuwada
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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