1
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Kücükdisli M, Bel-Abed H, Cirillo D, Lo WT, Efrém NL, Horatscheck A, Perepelittchenko L, Prokofeva P, Ehret TAL, Radetzki S, Neuenschwander M, Specker E, Médard G, Müller S, Wilhelm S, Kuster B, von Kries JP, Haucke V, Nazaré M. Structural Basis for Highly Selective Class II Alpha Phosphoinositide-3-Kinase Inhibition. J Med Chem 2023; 66:14278-14302. [PMID: 37819647 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Class II phosphoinositide-3-kinases (PI3Ks) play central roles in cell signaling, division, migration, and survival. Despite evidence that all PI3K class II isoforms serve unique cellular functions, the lack of isoform-selective inhibitors severely hampers the systematic investigation of their potential relevance as pharmacological targets. Here, we report the structural evaluation and molecular determinants for selective PI3K-C2α inhibition by a structure-activity relationship study based on a pteridinone scaffold, leading to the discovery of selective PI3K-C2α inhibitors called PITCOINs. Cocrystal structures and docking experiments supported the rationalization of the structural determinants essential for inhibitor activity and high selectivity. Profiling of PITCOINs in a panel of more than 118 diverse kinases showed no off-target kinase inhibition. Notably, by addressing a selectivity pocket, PITCOIN4 showed nanomolar inhibition of PI3K-C2α and >100-fold selectivity in a general kinase panel. Our study paves the way for the development of novel therapies for diseases related to PI3K-C2α function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Kücükdisli
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hassen Bel-Abed
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Davide Cirillo
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wen-Ting Lo
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nina-Louisa Efrém
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - André Horatscheck
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Liudmila Perepelittchenko
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Polina Prokofeva
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Theresa A L Ehret
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Silke Radetzki
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Neuenschwander
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Edgar Specker
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Guillaume Médard
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Susanne Müller
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stephanie Wilhelm
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Jens Peter von Kries
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Haucke
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marc Nazaré
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, 13125 Berlin, Germany
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2
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Safaroghli-Azar A, Sanaei MJ, Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi A, Bashash D. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) classes: From cell signaling to endocytic recycling and autophagy. Eur J Pharmacol 2023:175827. [PMID: 37269974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Lipid signaling is defined as any biological signaling action in which a lipid messenger binds to a protein target, converting its effects to specific cellular responses. In this complex biological pathway, the family of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) represents a pivotal role and affects many aspects of cellular biology from cell survival, proliferation, and migration to endocytosis, intracellular trafficking, metabolism, and autophagy. While yeasts have a single isoform of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), mammals possess eight PI3K types divided into three classes. The class I PI3Ks have set the stage to widen research interest in the field of cancer biology. The aberrant activation of class I PI3Ks has been identified in 30-50% of human tumors, and activating mutations in PIK3CA is one of the most frequent oncogenes in human cancer. In addition to indirect participation in cell signaling, class II and III PI3Ks primarily regulate vesicle trafficking. Class III PI3Ks are also responsible for autophagosome formation and autophagy flux. The current review aims to discuss the original data obtained from international research laboratories on the latest discoveries regarding PI3Ks-mediated cell biological processes. Also, we unravel the mechanisms by which pools of the same phosphoinositides (PIs) derived from different PI3K types act differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Safaroghli-Azar
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Javad Sanaei
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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3
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Decompression Mechanism of Radish Seed in Prehypertension Rats through Integration of Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Methods. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 2023:2139634. [PMID: 36760467 PMCID: PMC9904934 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2139634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Radish seed (RS), the dried ripe seed of Raphanus sativus L., is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to reduce blood pressure. However, the molecular and pharmacological mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects are still unclear. In this study, we analyzed the effects of RS in a rat model of prehypertension and assessed the mechanistic basis by integrating transcriptomics and metabolomics. RS administration significantly reduced blood pressure in prehypertensive male Wistar rats, negatively regulated endothelin-1, increased nitric oxide levels, and reduced the exfoliation of endothelium cells. In vitro vascular ring experiments further confirmed the effects of RS on vascular endothelial cells. Furthermore, we identified 65 differentially expressed genes (DEGs; P adj < 0.05 and fold change (FC) > 2) and 52 metabolites (VIP > 1, P < 0.05 and FC ≥ 2 or ≤0.5) in the RS intervention group using RNA-seq and UPLC-MS/MS, respectively. A network of the DEGs and the metabolites was constructed,q which indicated that RS regulates purine metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, circadian rhythm, and phosphatidylinositol signaling pathway, and its target genes are Pik3c2a, Hspa8, Dnaja1, Arntl, Ugt1a1, Dbp, Rasd1, and Aldh1a3. Thus, the antihypertensive effects of RS can be attributed to its ability to improve vascular endothelial dysfunction by targeting multiple genes and pathways. Our findings provide new insights into the pathological mechanisms underlying prehypertension, along with novel targets for the prevention and treatment of hypertension.
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4
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Lo WT, Belabed H, Kücükdisli M, Metag J, Roske Y, Prokofeva P, Ohashi Y, Horatscheck A, Cirillo D, Krauss M, Schmied C, Neuenschwander M, von Kries JP, Médard G, Kuster B, Perisic O, Williams RL, Daumke O, Payrastre B, Severin S, Nazaré M, Haucke V. Development of selective inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase C2α. Nat Chem Biol 2023; 19:18-27. [PMID: 36109648 PMCID: PMC7613998 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-022-01118-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase type 2α (PI3KC2α) and related class II PI3K isoforms are of increasing biomedical interest because of their crucial roles in endocytic membrane dynamics, cell division and signaling, angiogenesis, and platelet morphology and function. Herein we report the development and characterization of PhosphatidylInositol Three-kinase Class twO INhibitors (PITCOINs), potent and highly selective small-molecule inhibitors of PI3KC2α catalytic activity. PITCOIN compounds exhibit strong selectivity toward PI3KC2α due to their unique mode of interaction with the ATP-binding site of the enzyme. We demonstrate that acute inhibition of PI3KC2α-mediated synthesis of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphates by PITCOINs impairs endocytic membrane dynamics and membrane remodeling during platelet-dependent thrombus formation. PITCOINs are potent and selective cell-permeable inhibitors of PI3KC2α function with potential biomedical applications ranging from thrombosis to diabetes and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ting Lo
- grid.418832.40000 0001 0610 524XLeibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Hassane Belabed
- grid.418832.40000 0001 0610 524XLeibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Murat Kücükdisli
- grid.418832.40000 0001 0610 524XLeibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Juliane Metag
- grid.418832.40000 0001 0610 524XLeibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Yvette Roske
- grid.419491.00000 0001 1014 0849Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, Kristallographie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Polina Prokofeva
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Yohei Ohashi
- grid.42475.300000 0004 0605 769XMRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - André Horatscheck
- grid.418832.40000 0001 0610 524XLeibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Davide Cirillo
- grid.418832.40000 0001 0610 524XLeibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Krauss
- grid.418832.40000 0001 0610 524XLeibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Christopher Schmied
- grid.418832.40000 0001 0610 524XLeibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Neuenschwander
- grid.418832.40000 0001 0610 524XLeibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Peter von Kries
- grid.418832.40000 0001 0610 524XLeibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Guillaume Médard
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Olga Perisic
- grid.42475.300000 0004 0605 769XMRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Roger L. Williams
- grid.42475.300000 0004 0605 769XMRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Oliver Daumke
- grid.419491.00000 0001 1014 0849Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, Kristallographie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernard Payrastre
- Inserm, U1297-Université, Toulouse III, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France ,grid.411175.70000 0001 1457 2980Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Sonia Severin
- Inserm, U1297-Université, Toulouse III, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - Marc Nazaré
- Departments of Biology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Volker Haucke
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany. .,Departments of Biology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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5
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Galarreta CI, Kennedy C, Blair DR, Slavotinek A. Expanding the phenotype of PIK3C2A related syndrome: Report of two siblings with novel features and genotype. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:2724-2731. [PMID: 35770347 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A pair of siblings was ascertained due to multiple congenital anomalies, including strikingly similar facial, skeletal, and ocular abnormalities. Exome sequencing of both the children and their mother revealed two novel PIK3C2A variants in the siblings, c.4381delC (p.Arg1461Glufs*31) and c.1555C > T (p.Arg519Ter). PIK3C2A belongs to the Class IIa family of Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases, which create second messenger lipids that regulate a wide range of downstream signaling pathways involved in cell growth, survival and migration. Tiosano et al. (2019) identified the first monogenic disorder associated with biallelic PIK3C2A loss-of-function variants (oculoskeletodental syndrome). The novel syndrome was characterized by short stature, coarse facial features, ocular and skeletal abnormalities. This report describes two additional siblings affected by the PIK3C2A-related syndrome, confirms core clinical features, establishes intrafamilial variability and expands the phenotype to include proteinuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina I Galarreta
- Medical Genetics and Metabolism Department, Valley Children's Hospital, Madera, California, USA
| | - Colleen Kennedy
- Medical Genetics and Metabolism Department, Valley Children's Hospital, Madera, California, USA
| | - David R Blair
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anne Slavotinek
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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6
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Lo WT, Zhang Y, Vadas O, Roske Y, Gulluni F, De Santis MC, Zagar AV, Stephanowitz H, Hirsch E, Liu F, Daumke O, Kudryashev M, Haucke V. Structural basis of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase C2α function. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2022; 29:218-228. [PMID: 35256802 PMCID: PMC8930771 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-022-00730-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase type 2α (PI3KC2α) is an essential member of the structurally unresolved class II PI3K family with crucial functions in lipid signaling, endocytosis, angiogenesis, viral replication, platelet formation and a role in mitosis. The molecular basis of these activities of PI3KC2α is poorly understood. Here, we report high-resolution crystal structures as well as a 4.4-Å cryogenic-electron microscopic (cryo-EM) structure of PI3KC2α in active and inactive conformations. We unravel a coincident mechanism of lipid-induced activation of PI3KC2α at membranes that involves large-scale repositioning of its Ras-binding and lipid-binding distal Phox-homology and C-C2 domains, and can serve as a model for the entire class II PI3K family. Moreover, we describe a PI3KC2α-specific helical bundle domain that underlies its scaffolding function at the mitotic spindle. Our results advance our understanding of PI3K biology and pave the way for the development of specific inhibitors of class II PI3K function with wide applications in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ting Lo
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany.
| | - Yingyi Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Biological Cryo-EM Center, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Oscar Vadas
- University of Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yvette Roske
- Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Crystallography, Berlin, Germany
| | - Federico Gulluni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara De Santis
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Heike Stephanowitz
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Emilio Hirsch
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Fan Liu
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Daumke
- Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Crystallography, Berlin, Germany
| | - Misha Kudryashev
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Volker Haucke
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany. .,Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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7
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PI3K Isoforms in Vascular Biology, A Focus on the Vascular System-Immune Response Connection. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2022; 436:289-309. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06566-8_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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8
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The Role of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Catalytic Subunit Type 3 in the Pathogenesis of Human Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222010964. [PMID: 34681622 PMCID: PMC8535862 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222010964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 (PIK3C3), the mammalian ortholog of yeast vesicular protein sorting 34 (Vps34), belongs to the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) family. PIK3C3 can phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P), a phospholipid central to autophagy. Inhibition of PIK3C3 successfully inhibits autophagy. Autophagy maintains cell survival when modifications occur in the cellular environment and helps tumor cells resist metabolic stress and cancer treatment. In addition, PIK3C3 could induce oncogenic transformation and enhance tumor cell proliferation, growth, and invasion through mechanisms independent of autophagy. This review addresses the structural and functional features, tissue distribution, and expression pattern of PIK3C3 in a variety of human tumors and highlights the underlying mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis. The implications in cancer biology, patient prognosis prediction, and cancer therapy are discussed. Altogether, the discovery of pharmacological inhibitors of PIK3C3 could reveal novel strategies for improving treatment outcomes for PIK3C3-mediated human diseases.
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9
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Class II phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase isoforms in vesicular trafficking. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:893-901. [PMID: 33666217 PMCID: PMC8106491 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are critical regulators of many cellular processes including cell survival, proliferation, migration, cytoskeletal reorganization, and intracellular vesicular trafficking. They are a family of lipid kinases that phosphorylate membrane phosphoinositide lipids at the 3′ position of their inositol rings, and in mammals they are divided into three classes. The role of the class III PI3K Vps34 is well-established, but recent evidence suggests the physiological significance of class II PI3K isoforms in vesicular trafficking. This review focuses on the recently discovered functions of the distinct PI3K-C2α and PI3K-C2β class II PI3K isoforms in clathrin-mediated endocytosis and consequent endosomal signaling, and discusses recently reported data on class II PI3K isoforms in different physiological contexts in comparison with class I and III isoforms.
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10
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Class II phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-C2α is essential for Notch signaling by regulating the endocytosis of γ-secretase in endothelial cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5199. [PMID: 33664344 PMCID: PMC7933152 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84548-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The class II α-isoform of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K-C2α) plays a crucial role in angiogenesis at least in part through participating in endocytosis and, thereby, endosomal signaling of several cell surface receptors including VEGF receptor-2 and TGFβ receptor in vascular endothelial cells (ECs). The Notch signaling cascade regulates many cellular processes including cell proliferation, cell fate specification and differentiation. In the present study, we explored a role of PI3K-C2α in Delta-like 4 (Dll4)-induced Notch signaling in ECs. We found that knockdown of PI3K-C2α inhibited Dll4-induced generation of the signaling molecule Notch intracellular domain 1 (NICD1) and the expression of Notch1 target genes including HEY1, HEY2 and NOTCH3 in ECs but not in vascular smooth muscle cells. PI3K-C2α knockdown did not inhibit Dll4-induced endocytosis of cell surface Notch1. In contrast, PI3K-C2α knockdown as well as clathrin heavy chain knockdown impaired endocytosis of Notch1-cleaving protease, γ-secretase complex, with the accumulation of Notch1 at the perinuclear endolysosomes. Pharmacological blockage of γ-secretase also induced the intracellular accumulation of Notch1. Taken together, we conclude that PI3K-C2α is required for the clathrin-mediated endocytosis of γ-secretase complex, which allows for the cleavage of endocytosed Notch1 by γ-secretase complex at the endolysosomes to generate NICD1 in ECs.
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11
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Koch PA, Dornan GL, Hessenberger M, Haucke V. The molecular mechanisms mediating class II PI 3-kinase function in cell physiology. FEBS J 2021; 288:7025-7042. [PMID: 33387369 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) family of lipid-modifying enzymes plays vital roles in cell signaling and membrane trafficking through the production of 3-phosphorylated phosphoinositides. Numerous studies have analyzed the structure and function of class I and class III PI3Ks. In contrast, we know comparably little about the structure and physiological functions of the class II enzymes. Only recent studies have begun to unravel their roles in development, endocytic and endolysosomal membrane dynamics, signal transduction, and cell migration, while the mechanisms that control their localization and enzymatic activity remain largely unknown. Here, we summarize our current knowledge of the class II PI3Ks and outline open questions related to their structure, enzymatic activity, and their physiological and pathophysiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Alexander Koch
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Manuel Hessenberger
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Haucke
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
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12
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Baker MJ, Cooke M, Kreider-Letterman G, Garcia-Mata R, Janmey PA, Kazanietz MG. Evaluation of active Rac1 levels in cancer cells: A case of misleading conclusions from immunofluorescence analysis. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:13698-13710. [PMID: 32817335 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A large number of aggressive cancer cell lines display elevated levels of activated Rac1, a small GTPase widely implicated in cytoskeleton reorganization, cell motility, and metastatic dissemination. A commonly accepted methodological approach for detecting Rac1 activation in cancer cells involves the use of a conformation-sensitive antibody that detects the active (GTP-bound) Rac1 without interacting with the GDP-bound inactive form. This antibody has been extensively used in fixed cell immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. Taking advantage of prostate and pancreatic cancer cell models known to have high basal Rac1-GTP levels, here we have established that this antibody does not recognize Rac1 but rather detects the intermediate filament protein vimentin. Indeed, Rac1-null PC3 prostate cancer cells or cancer models with low levels of Rac1 activation still show a high signal with the anti-Rac1-GTP antibody, which is lost upon silencing of vimentin expression. Moreover, this antibody was unable to detect activated Rac1 in membrane ruffles induced by epidermal growth factor stimulation. These results have profound implications for the study of this key GTPase in cancer, particularly because a large number of cancer cell lines with characteristic mesenchymal features show simultaneous up-regulation of vimentin and high basal Rac1-GTP levels when measured biochemically. This misleading correlation can lead to assumptions about the validity of this antibody and inaccurate conclusions that may affect the development of appropriate therapeutic approaches for targeting the Rac1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin J Baker
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Mariana Cooke
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Medicine, Einstein Medical Center Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - Paul A Janmey
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Marcelo G Kazanietz
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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MicroRNA-4316 inhibits gastric cancer proliferation and migration via directly targeting VEGF-A. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:62. [PMID: 32123520 PMCID: PMC7036244 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-1132-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to regulate proliferation and migration by down-regulating the expression of target genes. The aims of this study were to investigate whether miR-4316 inhibited proliferation and migration by downregulating vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and its clinical significance in gastric cancer (GC). Methods The clinical tissues of the GC patients for miR-4316 and VEGF-A were detected by qRT-PCR. The protein levels of VEGF-A and c-Met were determined by western blotting. Cell Proliferation, migration, and colony forming assays were conducted to show whether miR-4316 affects proliferation by CCK-8, migration by transwell, wound healing and colony formation assays. The bioinformatic methods and luciferase reporter assay were applied to detect the relationship between miRNA and VEGF-A on its targeting 3-untranslated regions (3-UTRs). CCK-8, colony formation, wound healing, and transwell assay were performed to explore the function of miR-4316. Results The results of qRT-PCR indicated that miR-4316 expression level was significantly downregulated in human GC tissues and GC cell lines compared with their control. miR-4316 inhibited proliferation, migration and colony formation in GC cell lines by reducing VEGF-A. And western blot results indicated that miR-4316 significantly inhibited GC through repressing VEGF-A and c-Met. The investigation of Luciferase assay indicated that VEGF-A is a direct target gene of miR-4316. Conclusions miR-4316 suppressed proliferation and migration of GC through the VEGF-A gene. MiR-4316 acts as a tumor suppressor by targeting VEGF-A and this indicated that MiR-4316 might be a potential therapeutic target for GC.
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Aki S, Yoshioka K, Takuwa N, Takuwa Y. TGFβ receptor endocytosis and Smad signaling require synaptojanin1, PI3K-C2α-, and INPP4B-mediated phosphoinositide conversions. Mol Biol Cell 2020; 31:360-372. [PMID: 31913757 PMCID: PMC7183790 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e19-11-0662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositide conversion regulates a diverse array of dynamic membrane events including endocytosis. However, it is not well understood which enzymes are involved in phosphoinositide conversions for receptor endocytosis. We found by small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown (KD) that class II PI3K α-isoform (PI3K-C2α), the 5'-phosphatase synaptojanin1 (Synj1), and the 4'-phosphatase INPP4B, but not PI3K-C2β, Synj2, or INPP4A, were required for TGFβ-induced endocytosis of TGFβ receptor. TGFβ induced rapid decreases in PI(4,5)P2 at the plasma membrane (PM) with increases in PI(4)P, followed by increases in PI(3,4)P2, in a TGFβ receptor kinase ALK5-dependent manner. TGFβ induced the recruitment of both synaptojanin1 and PI3K-C2α to the PM with their substantial colocalization. Knockdown of synaptojanin1 abolished TGFβ-induced PI(4,5)P2 decreases and PI(4)P increases. Interestingly, PI3K-C2α KD abolished not only TGFβ-induced PI(3,4)P2 increases but also TGFβ-induced synaptojanin1 recruitment to the PM, PI(4,5)P2 decreases, and PI(4)P increases. Finally, the phosphoinositide conversions were necessary for TGFβ-induced activation of Smad2 and Smad3. These observations demonstrate that the sequential phosphoinositide conversions mediated by Synj1, PI3K-C2α, and INPP4B are essential for TGFβ receptor endocytosis and its signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Aki
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Yoshioka
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Noriko Takuwa
- Department of Health Science, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Kahoku, Ishikawa 929-1210, Japan
| | - Yoh Takuwa
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
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15
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Kobialka P, Graupera M. Revisiting PI3-kinase signalling in angiogenesis. VASCULAR BIOLOGY (BRISTOL, ENGLAND) 2019; 1:H125-H134. [PMID: 32923964 PMCID: PMC7439845 DOI: 10.1530/vb-19-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PI3Ks belong to a family of lipid kinases that comprises eight isoforms. They phosphorylate the third position of the inositol ring present in phosphatidylinositol lipids and, in turn, activate a broad range of proteins. The PI3K pathway regulates primal cellular responses, including proliferation, migration, metabolism and vesicular traffic. These processes are fundamental for endothelial cell function during sprouting angiogenesis, the most common type of blood vessel formation. Research in animal models has revealed key functions of PI3K family members and downstream effectors in angiogenesis. In addition, perturbations in PI3K signalling have been associated with aberrant vascular growth including tumour angiogenesis and vascular malformations. Together, this highlights that endothelial cells are uniquely sensitive to fluctuations in PI3K signalling. Here, we aim to update the current view on this important signalling cue in physiological and pathological blood vessel growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kobialka
- Vascular Biology and Signalling Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat-Barcelona, Spain
- ProCure Research Program, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- OncoBell Program, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariona Graupera
- Vascular Biology and Signalling Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat-Barcelona, Spain
- ProCure Research Program, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- OncoBell Program, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Bilanges B, Posor Y, Vanhaesebroeck B. PI3K isoforms in cell signalling and vesicle trafficking. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2019; 20:515-534. [PMID: 31110302 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-019-0129-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PI3Ks are a family of lipid kinases that phosphorylate intracellular inositol lipids to regulate signalling and intracellular vesicular traffic. Mammals have eight isoforms of PI3K, divided into three classes. The class I PI3Ks generate 3-phosphoinositide lipids, which directly activate signal transduction pathways. In addition to being frequently genetically activated in cancer, similar mutations in class I PI3Ks have now also been found in a human non-malignant overgrowth syndrome and a primary immune disorder that predisposes to lymphoma. The class II and class III PI3Ks are regulators of membrane traffic along the endocytic route, in endosomal recycling and autophagy, with an often indirect effect on cell signalling. Here, we summarize current knowledge of the different PI3K classes and isoforms, focusing on recently uncovered biological functions and the mechanisms by which these kinases are activated. Deeper insight into the PI3K isoforms will undoubtedly continue to contribute to a better understanding of fundamental cell biological processes and, ultimately, of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Bilanges
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK.
| | - York Posor
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK.
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17
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Gulluni F, De Santis MC, Margaria JP, Martini M, Hirsch E. Class II PI3K Functions in Cell Biology and Disease. Trends Cell Biol 2019; 29:339-359. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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18
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Margaria JP, Ratto E, Gozzelino L, Li H, Hirsch E. Class II PI3Ks at the Intersection between Signal Transduction and Membrane Trafficking. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E104. [PMID: 30884740 PMCID: PMC6468456 DOI: 10.3390/biom9030104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation of inositol phospholipids by the family of phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) is crucial in controlling membrane lipid composition and regulating a wide range of intracellular processes, which include signal transduction and vesicular trafficking. In spite of the extensive knowledge on class I PI3Ks, recent advances in the study of the three class II PI3Ks (PIK3C2A, PIK3C2B and PIK3C2G) reveal their distinct and non-overlapping cellular roles and localizations. By finely tuning membrane lipid composition in time and space among different cellular compartments, this class of enzymes controls many cellular processes, such as proliferation, survival and migration. This review focuses on the recent developments regarding the coordination of membrane trafficking and intracellular signaling of class II PI3Ks through the confined phosphorylation of inositol phospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Piero Margaria
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Edoardo Ratto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Luca Gozzelino
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Huayi Li
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Emilio Hirsch
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
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19
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Aung KT, Yoshioka K, Aki S, Ishimaru K, Takuwa N, Takuwa Y. The class II phosphoinositide 3-kinases PI3K-C2α and PI3K-C2β differentially regulate clathrin-dependent pinocytosis in human vascular endothelial cells. J Physiol Sci 2019; 69:263-280. [PMID: 30374841 PMCID: PMC10717547 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-018-0644-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Pinocytosis is an important fundamental cellular process that is used by the cell to transport fluid and solutes. Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) regulate a diverse array of dynamic membrane events. However, it is not well-understood which PI3K isoforms are involved in specific mechanisms of pinocytosis. We performed knockdown studies of endogenous PI3K isoforms and clathrin heavy chain (CHC) mediated by small interfering RNA (siRNA). The results demonstrated that the class II PI3K PI3K-C2α and PI3K-C2β, but not the class I or III PI3K, were required for pinocytosis, based on an evaluation of fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran uptake in endothelial cells. Pinocytosis was partially dependent on both clathrin and dynamin, and both PI3K-C2α and PI3K-C2β were required for clathrin-mediated-but not clathrin-non-mediated-FITC-dextran uptake at the step leading up to its delivery to early endosomes. Both PI3K-C2α and PI3K-C2β were co-localized with clathrin-coated pits and vesicles. However, PI3K-C2β, but not PI3K-C2α, was highly co-localized with actin filament-associated clathrin-coated structures and required for actin filament formation at the clathrin-coated structures. These results indicate that PI3K-C2α and PI3K-C2β play differential, indispensable roles in clathrin-mediated pinocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khin Thuzar Aung
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Yoshioka
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Sho Aki
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ishimaru
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Noriko Takuwa
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Health Science, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 929-1210, Japan
| | - Yoh Takuwa
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan.
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20
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Sarker MAK, Aki S, Yoshioka K, Kuno K, Okamoto Y, Ishimaru K, Takuwa N, Takuwa Y. Class II PI3Ks α and β Are Required for Rho-Dependent Uterine Smooth Muscle Contraction and Parturition in Mice. Endocrinology 2019; 160:235-248. [PMID: 30476019 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Class II phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks), PI3K-C2α and PI3K-C2β, are highly homologous and distinct from class I and class III PI3Ks in catalytic products and domain structures. In contrast to class I and class III PI3Ks, physiological roles of PI3K-C2α and PI3K-C2β are not fully understood. Because we previously demonstrated that PI3K-C2α is involved in vascular smooth muscle contraction, we studied the phenotypes of smooth muscle-specific knockout (KO) mice of PI3K-C2α and PI3K-C2β. The pup numbers born from single PI3K-C2α-KO and single PI3K-C2β-KO mothers were similar to those of control mothers, but those from double KO (DKO) mothers were smaller compared with control mice. However, the number of intrauterine fetuses in pregnant DKO mothers was similar to that in control mice. Both spontaneous and oxytocin-induced contraction of isolated uterine smooth muscle (USM) strips was diminished in DKO mice but not in either of the single KO mice, compared with control mice. Furthermore, contraction of USM of DKO mice was less sensitive to a Rho kinase inhibitor. Mechanistically, the extent of oxytocin-induced myosin light chain phosphorylation was greatly reduced in USM from DKO mice compared with control mice. The oxytocin-induced rise in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration in USM was similar in DKO and control mice. However, Rho activation in the intracellular compartment was substantially attenuated in DKO mice compared with control mice, as evaluated by fluorescence resonance energy transfer imaging technique. These data indicate that both PI3K-C2α and PI3K-C2β are required for normal USM contraction and parturition mainly through their involvement in Rho activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sho Aki
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Yoshioka
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kouji Kuno
- Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yasuo Okamoto
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ishimaru
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Noriko Takuwa
- Department of Health Science, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Kahoku, Japan
| | - Yoh Takuwa
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
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21
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Cai X, Dong J, Liu J, Zheng H, Kaweeteerawat C, Wang F, Ji Z, Li R. Multi-hierarchical profiling the structure-activity relationships of engineered nanomaterials at nano-bio interfaces. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4416. [PMID: 30356046 PMCID: PMC6200803 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06869-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing concerns over the possible risks of nanotechnology necessitates breakthroughs in structure-activity relationship (SAR) analyses of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) at nano-bio interfaces. However, current nano-SARs are often based on univariate assessments and fail to provide tiered views on ENM-induced bio-effects. Here we report a multi-hierarchical nano-SAR assessment for a representative ENM, Fe2O3, by metabolomics and proteomics analyses. The established nano-SAR profile allows the visualizing of the contributions of seven basic properties of Fe2O3 to its diverse bio-effects. For instance, although surface reactivity is responsible for Fe2O3-induced cell migration, the inflammatory effects of Fe2O3 are determined by aspect ratio (nanorods) or surface reactivity (nanoplates). These nano-SARs are examined in THP-1 cells and animal lungs, which allow us to decipher the detailed mechanisms including NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1-dependent signaling. This study provides more insights for nano-SARs, and may facilitate the tailored design of ENMs to render them desired bio-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, School of Public Health, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Jun Dong
- Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, Hubei 430000 China
| | - Jing Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R&A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, 116023 China
| | - Huizhen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, School of Public Health, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Chitrada Kaweeteerawat
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Klong Nueng, 12120 Thailand
| | - Fangjun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R&A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, 116023 China
| | - Zhaoxia Ji
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Living Proof, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142 United States
| | - Ruibin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, School of Public Health, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123 China
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22
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Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Nonstructural Membrane Protein pK15 Recruits the Class II Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase PI3K-C2α To Activate Productive Viral Replication. J Virol 2018; 92:JVI.00544-18. [PMID: 29950425 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00544-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS)-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)/human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) causes the angiogenic tumor KS and two B-cell malignancies. The KSHV nonstructural membrane protein encoded by the open reading frame (ORF) K15 recruits and activates several cellular proteins, including phospholipase Cγ1 (PLCγ1), components of the NF-κB pathway, as well as members of the Src family of nonreceptor tyrosine kinases, and thereby plays an important role in the activation of angiogenic and inflammatory pathways that contribute to the pathogenesis of KS as well as KSHV productive (lytic) replication. In order to identify novel cellular components involved in the biology of pK15, we immunoprecipitated pK15 from KSHV-infected endothelial cells and identified associated proteins by label-free quantitative mass spectrometry. Cellular proteins interacting with pK15 point to previously unappreciated cellular processes, such as the endocytic pathway, that could be involved in the function of pK15. We found that the class II phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) PI3K-C2α, which is involved in the endocytosis of activated receptor tyrosine kinases and their signaling from intracellular organelles, interacts and colocalizes with pK15 in vesicular structures abundant in the perinuclear area. Further functional analysis revealed that PI3K-C2α contributes to the pK15-dependent phosphorylation of PLCγ1 and Erk1/2. PI3K-C2α also plays a role in KSHV lytic replication, as evidenced by the reduced expression of the viral lytic genes K-bZIP and ORF45 as well as the reduced release of infectious virus in PI3K-C2α-depleted KSHV-infected endothelial cells. Taken together, our results suggest a role of the cellular PI3K-C2α protein in the functional properties of the KSHV pK15 protein.IMPORTANCE The nonstructural membrane protein encoded by open reading frame K15 of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) (HHV8) activates several intracellular signaling pathways that contribute to the angiogenic properties of KSHV in endothelial cells and to its reactivation from latency. A detailed understanding of how pK15 activates these intracellular signaling pathways is a prerequisite for targeting these processes specifically in KSHV-infected cells. By identifying pK15-associated cellular proteins using a combination of immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry, we provide evidence that pK15-dependent signaling may occur from intracellular vesicles and rely on the endocytotic machinery. Specifically, a class II PI3K, PI3K-C2α, is recruited by pK15 and involved in pK15-dependent intracellular signaling and viral reactivation from latency. These findings are of importance for future intervention strategies that aim to disrupt the activation of intracellular signaling by pK15 in order to antagonize KSHV productive replication and tumorigenesis.
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Pham HQ, Yoshioka K, Mohri H, Nakata H, Aki S, Ishimaru K, Takuwa N, Takuwa Y. MTMR4, a phosphoinositide-specific 3'-phosphatase, regulates TFEB activity and the endocytic and autophagic pathways. Genes Cells 2018; 23:670-687. [PMID: 29962048 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI(3)P) is the predominant phosphoinositide species in early endosomes and autophagosomes, in which PI(3)P dictates traffic of these organelles. Phosphoinositide levels are tightly regulated by lipid-kinases and -phosphatases; however, a phosphatase that converts PI(3)P back to phosphatidylinositol in the endosomal and autophagosomal compartments is not fully understood. We investigated the subcellular distribution and functions of myotubularin-related protein-4 (MTMR4), which is distinct among other MTMRs in that it possesses a PI(3)P-binding FYVE domain, in lung alveolar epithelium-derived A549 cells. MTMR4 was localized mainly in late endosomes and autophagosomes. MTMR4 knockdown markedly suppressed the motility, fusion, and fission of PI(3)P-enriched structures, resulting in decreases in late endosomes, autophagosomes, and lysosomes, and enlargement of PI(3)P-enriched early and late endosomes. In amino acid- and serum-starved cells, MTMR4 knockdown decreased both autophagosomes and autolysosomes and markedly increased PI(3)P-containing autophagosomes and late endosomes, suggesting that the fusion with lysosomes of autophagosomes and late endosomes might be impaired. Notably, MTMR4 knockdown inhibited the nuclear translocation of starvation stress responsive transcription factor-EB (TFEB) with reduced expression of lysosome-related genes in starved cells. These findings indicate that MTMR4 is essential for the integrity of endocytic and autophagic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoa Q Pham
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Yoshioka
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiromi Mohri
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nakata
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Sho Aki
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ishimaru
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Noriko Takuwa
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
- Department of Health and Medical Science, Ishikawa Prefectural Nursing University, Kahoku, Japan
| | - Yoh Takuwa
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
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Dai J, Lu Y, Wang J, Yang L, Han Y, Wang Y, Yan D, Ruan Q, Wang S. A four-gene signature predicts survival in clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:82712-82726. [PMID: 27779101 PMCID: PMC5347726 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common pathological subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), accounting for about 80% of RCC. In order to find potential prognostic biomarkers in ccRCC, we presented a four-gene signature to evaluate the prognosis of ccRCC. SurvExpress and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of tissue microarrays were used to analyze the association between the four genes and the prognosis of ccRCC. Data from TCGA dataset revealed a prognostic prompt function of the four genes (PTEN, PIK3C2A, ITPA and BCL3). Further discovery suggested that the four-gene signature predicted survival better than any of the four genes alone. Moreover, IHC staining demonstrated a consistent result with TCGA, indicating that the signature was an independent prognostic factor of survival in ccRCC. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis were conducted to verify the association of clinicopathological variables and the four genes' expression levels with survival. The results further testified that the risk (four-gene signature) was an independent prognostic factors of both Overall Survival (OS) and Disease-free Survival (DFS) (P<0.05). In conclusion, the four-gene signature was correlated with the survival of ccRCC, and therefore, may help to provide significant clinical implications for predicting the prognosis of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Dai
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuchao Lu
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingyan Han
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Yan
- Department of Pathology, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiurong Ruan
- Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaogang Wang
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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25
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Shiwarski DJ, Darr M, Telmer CA, Bruchez MP, Puthenveedu MA. PI3K class II α regulates δ-opioid receptor export from the trans-Golgi network. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:2202-2219. [PMID: 28566554 PMCID: PMC5531736 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-01-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The interplay between signaling and trafficking by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) has focused mainly on endocytic trafficking. Whether and how surface delivery of newly synthesized GPCRs is regulated by extracellular signals is less understood. Here we define a signaling-regulated checkpoint at the trans-Golgi network (TGN) that controls the surface delivery of the delta opioid receptor (δR). In PC12 cells, inhibition of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) activity blocked export of newly synthesized δR from the Golgi and delivery to the cell surface, similar to treatment with nerve growth factor (NGF). Depletion of class II phosphoinositide-3 kinase α (PI3K C2A), but not inhibition of class I PI3K, blocked δR export to comparable levels and attenuated δR-mediated cAMP inhibition. NGF treatment displaced PI3K C2A from the Golgi and optogenetic recruitment of the PI3K C2A kinase domain to the TGN-induced δR export downstream of NGF. Of importance, PI3K C2A expression promotes export of endogenous δR in primary trigeminal ganglion neurons. Taken together, our results identify PI3K C2A as being required and sufficient for δR export and surface delivery in neuronal cells and suggest that it could be a key modulator of a novel Golgi export checkpoint that coordinates GPCR delivery to the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Shiwarski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.,Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Marlena Darr
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Cheryl A Telmer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Marcel P Bruchez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.,Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.,Molecular Biosensor and Imaging Center, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Manojkumar A Puthenveedu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 .,Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
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26
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Rodriguez-Cuenca S, Pellegrinelli V, Campbell M, Oresic M, Vidal-Puig A. Sphingolipids and glycerophospholipids - The "ying and yang" of lipotoxicity in metabolic diseases. Prog Lipid Res 2017; 66:14-29. [PMID: 28104532 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids in general and ceramides in particular, contribute to pathophysiological mechanisms by modifying signalling and metabolic pathways. Here, we present the available evidence for a bidirectional homeostatic crosstalk between sphingolipids and glycerophospholipids, whose dysregulation contributes to lipotoxicity induced metabolic stress. The initial evidence for this crosstalk originates from simulated models designed to investigate the biophysical properties of sphingolipids in plasma membrane representations. In this review, we reinterpret some of the original findings and conceptualise them as a sort of "ying/yang" interaction model of opposed/complementary forces, which is consistent with the current knowledge of lipid homeostasis and pathophysiology. We also propose that the dysregulation of the balance between sphingolipids and glycerophospholipids results in a lipotoxic insult relevant in the pathophysiology of common metabolic diseases, typically characterised by their increased ceramide/sphingosine pools.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rodriguez-Cuenca
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge. Cambridge, UK.
| | - V Pellegrinelli
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge. Cambridge, UK
| | - M Campbell
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge. Cambridge, UK
| | - M Oresic
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI -20520 Turku, Finland
| | - A Vidal-Puig
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge. Cambridge, UK; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK.
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27
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Nascimbeni AC, Codogno P, Morel E. Phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate in the regulation of autophagy membrane dynamics. FEBS J 2017; 284:1267-1278. [PMID: 27973739 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PI3P) is a key player in membrane dynamics and trafficking regulation. Most PI3P is associated with endosomal membranes and with the autophagosome preassembly machinery, presumably at the endoplasmic reticulum. The enzyme responsible for most PI3P synthesis, VPS34 and proteins such as Beclin1 and ATG14L that regulate PI3P levels are positive modulators of autophagy initiation. It had been assumed that a local PI3P pool was present at autophagosomes and preautophagosomal structures, such as the omegasome and the phagophore. This was recently confirmed by the demonstration that PI3P-binding proteins participate in the complex sequence of signalling that results in autophagosome assembly and activity. Here we summarize the historical discoveries of PI3P lipid kinase involvement in autophagy, and we discuss the proposed role of PI3P during autophagy, notably during the autophagosome biogenesis sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Chiara Nascimbeni
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Patrice Codogno
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Etienne Morel
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
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28
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Sakakibara N, Igarashi J, Takata M, Demizu Y, Misawa T, Kurihara M, Konishi R, Kato Y, Maruyama T, Tsukamoto I. Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Carbocyclic Oxetanocin A (COA-Cl) Derivatives as Potential Tube Formation Agents. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2016; 63:701-9. [PMID: 26329863 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c15-00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Six novel carbocyclic oxetanocin A analogs (2-chloro-C.OXT-A; COA-Cl) with various hydroxymethylated or spiro-conjugated cyclobutane rings at the N(9)-position of the 2-chloropurine moiety were synthesized and evaluated using human umbilical vein endothelial cells. All prepared compounds (2a-f) showed good to moderate activity with angiogenic potency. Among these compounds, 100 µM cis-trans-2',3'-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclobutyl derivative (2b), trans-3'-hydroxymethylcyclobutyl analog (2d), and 3',3'-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclobutyl derivative (2e) had greater angiogenic activity, with relative tube areas of 3.43±0.44, 3.32±0.53, and 3.59±0.83 (mean±standard deviation (S.D.)), respectively, which was comparable to COA-Cl (3.91±0.78). These data may be important for further development of this class of compounds as potential tube formation agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norikazu Sakakibara
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa Campus, Tokushima Bunri University
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29
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Petitjean C, Setiabakti NM, Mountford JK, Arthur JF, Ellis S, Hamilton JR. Combined deficiency of PI3KC2α and PI3KC2β reveals a nonredundant role for PI3KC2α in regulating mouse platelet structure and thrombus stability. Platelets 2016; 27:402-9. [PMID: 26943229 DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2016.1145202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The physiological functions and cellular signaling of Class II phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) remain largely unknown. Platelets express two Class II PI3Ks: PI3KC2α and PI3KC2β. PI3KC2α deficiency was recently reported to cause disruption of the internal membrane reserve structure of platelets (open canalicular system, OCS) that results in dysregulated platelet adhesion and impaired arterial thrombosis in vivo. Notably, these effects on platelets occurred despite normal agonist-induced 3-phosphorylated phosphoinositide (3-PPI) production and cellular activation in PI3KC2α-deficient platelets. However, the potential compensatory actions of PI3KC2β in platelets have not yet been investigated. Here, we report the first mice deficient in both PI3KC2α and PI3KC2β (no Class II PI3Ks in platelets) and reveal a nonredundant role for PI3KC2α in mouse platelet structure and function. Specifically, we show that the disrupted OCS and impaired thrombus stability observed in PI3KC2α-deficient platelets does not occur in PI3KC2β-deficient platelets and is not exaggerated in platelets taken from mice deficient in both enzymes. Furthermore, detailed examination of 3-PPI production in platelets from this series of mice revealed no changes in either unactivated or activated platelets, including those with a complete lack of Class II PI3Ks. These findings indicate a nonredundant role for PI3KC2α in regulating platelet structure and function, and suggest that Class II PI3Ks do not significantly contribute to the acute agonist-induced production of 3-PPIs in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Petitjean
- a Australian Centre for Blood Diseases , Monash University , Melbourne , VIC , Australia
| | - Natasha M Setiabakti
- a Australian Centre for Blood Diseases , Monash University , Melbourne , VIC , Australia
| | - Jessica K Mountford
- a Australian Centre for Blood Diseases , Monash University , Melbourne , VIC , Australia.,c School of Animal Biology , The University of Western Australia , Perth , Australia
| | - Jane F Arthur
- a Australian Centre for Blood Diseases , Monash University , Melbourne , VIC , Australia
| | - Sarah Ellis
- b Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology , Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre & The University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Justin R Hamilton
- a Australian Centre for Blood Diseases , Monash University , Melbourne , VIC , Australia
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30
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Marat AL, Haucke V. Phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphates-at the interface between cell signalling and membrane traffic. EMBO J 2016; 35:561-79. [PMID: 26888746 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201593564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositides (PIs) form a minor class of phospholipids with crucial functions in cell physiology, ranging from cell signalling and motility to a role as signposts of compartmental membrane identity. Phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphates are present at the plasma membrane and within the endolysosomal system, where they serve as key regulators of both cell signalling and of intracellular membrane traffic. Here, we provide an overview of the metabolic pathways that regulate cellular synthesis of PI 3-phosphates at distinct intracellular sites and discuss the mechanisms by which these lipids regulate cell signalling and membrane traffic. Finally, we provide a framework for how PI 3-phosphate metabolism is integrated into the cellular network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L Marat
- Leibniz Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Haucke
- Leibniz Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
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31
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Lupieri A, Smirnova N, Malet N, Gayral S, Laffargue M. PI3K signaling in arterial diseases: Non redundant functions of the PI3K isoforms. Adv Biol Regul 2015; 59:4-18. [PMID: 26238239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of death around the world. This includes atherosclerosis and the adverse effects of its treatment, such as restenosis and thrombotic complications. The development of these arterial pathologies requires a series of highly-intertwined interactions between immune and arterial cells, leading to specific inflammatory and fibroproliferative cellular responses. In the last few years, the study of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) functions has become an attractive area of investigation in the field of arterial diseases, especially since inhibitors of specific PI3K isoforms have been developed. The PI3K family includes 8 members divided into classes I, II or III depending on their substrate specificity. Although some of the different isoforms are responsible for the production of the same 3-phosphoinositides, they each have specific, non-redundant functions as a result of differences in expression levels in different cell types, activation mechanisms and specific subcellular locations. This review will focus on the functions of the different PI3K isoforms that are suspected as having protective or deleterious effects in both the various immune cells and types of cell found in the arterial wall. It will also discuss our current understanding in the context of which PI3K isoform(s) should be targeted for future therapeutic interventions to prevent or treat arterial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Lupieri
- INSERM, U1048, I2MC and Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, F-31300, France
| | - Natalia Smirnova
- INSERM, U1048, I2MC and Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, F-31300, France
| | - Nicole Malet
- INSERM, U1048, I2MC and Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, F-31300, France
| | - Stéphanie Gayral
- INSERM, U1048, I2MC and Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, F-31300, France
| | - Muriel Laffargue
- INSERM, U1048, I2MC and Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, F-31300, France.
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32
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New insight into the intracellular roles of class II phosphoinositide 3-kinases. Biochem Soc Trans 2015; 42:1378-82. [PMID: 25233418 DOI: 10.1042/bst20140140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In the last few years, an increased attention to class II isoforms of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) has emerged, mainly fuelled by evidence suggesting a distinct non-redundant role for these enzymes compared with other PI3Ks. Despite this renewed interest, many questions remain on the specific functions regulated by these isoforms and their mechanism of activation and action. In the present review, we discuss results from recent studies that have provided some answers to these questions.
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33
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PI3K-C2α: One enzyme for two products coupling vesicle trafficking and signal transduction. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:1552-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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34
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Abstract
Rac and PI3Ks are intracellular signal transducers able to regulate multiple signaling pathways fundamental for cell behavior. PI3Ks are lipid kinases that produce phosphorylated lipids which, in turn, transduce extracellular cues within the cell, while Rac is a small G protein that impacts on actin organization. Compelling evidence indicates that in multiple circumstances the 2 signaling pathways appear intermingled. For instance, phosphorylated lipids produced by PI3Ks recruit and activate GEF and GAP proteins, key modulators of Rac function. Conversely, PI3Ks interact with activated Rac, leading to Rac signaling amplification. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms underlying the cross-talk between Rac and PI3K signaling in 2 different processes, cell migration and ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo C Campa
- a Molecular Biotechnology Center; Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino ; Torino , Italy
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35
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Mountford JK, Petitjean C, Putra HWK, McCafferty JA, Setiabakti NM, Lee H, Tønnesen LL, McFadyen JD, Schoenwaelder SM, Eckly A, Gachet C, Ellis S, Voss AK, Dickins RA, Hamilton JR, Jackson SP. The class II PI 3-kinase, PI3KC2α, links platelet internal membrane structure to shear-dependent adhesive function. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6535. [PMID: 25779105 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PI3KC2α is a broadly expressed lipid kinase with critical functions during embryonic development but poorly defined roles in adult physiology. Here we utilize multiple mouse genetic models to uncover a role for PI3KC2α in regulating the internal membrane reserve structure of megakaryocytes (demarcation membrane system) and platelets (open canalicular system) that results in dysregulated platelet adhesion under haemodynamic shear stress. Structural alterations in the platelet internal membrane lead to enhanced membrane tether formation that is associated with accelerated, yet highly unstable, thrombus formation in vitro and in vivo. Notably, agonist-induced 3-phosphorylated phosphoinositide production and cellular activation are normal in PI3KC2α-deficient platelets. These findings demonstrate an important role for PI3KC2α in regulating shear-dependent platelet adhesion via regulation of membrane structure, rather than acute signalling. These studies provide a link between the open canalicular system and platelet adhesive function that has relevance to the primary haemostatic and prothrombotic function of platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica K Mountford
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Level 6, 89 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Claire Petitjean
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Level 6, 89 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Harun W Kusuma Putra
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Level 6, 89 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Jonathan A McCafferty
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Level 6, 89 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Natasha M Setiabakti
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Level 6, 89 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Hannah Lee
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Level 6, 89 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Lotte L Tønnesen
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Level 6, 89 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - James D McFadyen
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Level 6, 89 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Simone M Schoenwaelder
- 1] Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Level 6, 89 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia [2] The Heart Research Institute and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Newtown 2050, Australia
| | - Anita Eckly
- Unité mixte de recherche S949 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Strasbourg, Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Christian Gachet
- Unité mixte de recherche S949 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Strasbourg, Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sarah Ellis
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Anne K Voss
- 1] Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia [2] Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Ross A Dickins
- 1] Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia [2] Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Justin R Hamilton
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Level 6, 89 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Shaun P Jackson
- 1] Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Level 6, 89 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia [2] The Heart Research Institute and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Newtown 2050, Australia [3] Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
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36
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Soler A, Angulo-Urarte A, Graupera M. PI3K at the crossroads of tumor angiogenesis signaling pathways. Mol Cell Oncol 2015; 2:e975624. [PMID: 27308431 PMCID: PMC4905058 DOI: 10.4161/23723556.2014.975624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tumors need blood vessels for their growth, thus providing the rationale for antiangiogenic therapy in cancer treatment. However, intrinsic and acquired resistance and low response rates have turned out to be major limitations of antiangiogenic therapy. This emphasizes the need to further understand how the vasculature in cancer can be targeted. Although endothelial cells (ECs) rely on multiple growth factors and cytokines to grow, antiangiogenic therapies have mainly centered on targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) form a family of 8 isoenzymes with non-redundant functions in normal biology and cancer. The subgroup of class I PI3Ks are situated at the crossroad of a plethora of proangiogenic signals and control cell growth, survival, motility, and metabolism. These isoenzymes have pleiotropic roles in the tumor microenvironment, including cell-autonomous functions in ECs, underscoring the complexity of targeting this pathway in cancer. Here, we describe how the PI3K axis influences angiogenesis in different cell compartments and summarize the diversity of vascular responses to PI3K inhibition. Targeting PI3K signaling by isoform-selective inhibitors, together with readjusting the current doses below the maximum tolerated dose, may improve clinical responses to class I PI3K anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Soler
- Vascular Signalling Lab; Angiogenesis Unit, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL) ; Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Angulo-Urarte
- Vascular Signalling Lab; Angiogenesis Unit, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL) ; Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Graupera
- Vascular Signalling Lab; Angiogenesis Unit, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL) ; Barcelona, Spain
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37
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Aki S, Yoshioka K, Okamoto Y, Takuwa N, Takuwa Y. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase class II α-isoform PI3K-C2α is required for transforming growth factor β-induced Smad signaling in endothelial cells. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:6086-105. [PMID: 25614622 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.601484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We have recently demonstrated that the PI3K class II-α isoform (PI3K-C2α), which generates phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphates, plays crucial roles in angiogenesis, by analyzing PI3K-C2α knock-out mice. The PI3K-C2α actions are mediated at least in part through its participation in the internalization of VEGF receptor-2 and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor S1P1 and thereby their signaling on endosomes. TGFβ, which is also an essential angiogenic factor, signals via the serine/threonine kinase receptor complex to induce phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 (Smad2/3). SARA (Smad anchor for receptor activation) protein, which is localized in early endosomes through its FYVE domain, is required for Smad2/3 signaling. In the present study, we showed that PI3K-C2α knockdown nearly completely abolished TGFβ1-induced phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Smad2/3 in vascular endothelial cells (ECs). PI3K-C2α was necessary for TGFβ-induced increase in phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphates in the plasma membrane and TGFβ receptor internalization into the SARA-containing early endosomes, but not for phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate enrichment or localization of SARA in the early endosomes. PI3K-C2α was also required for TGFβ receptor-mediated formation of SARA-Smad2/3 complex. Inhibition of dynamin, which is required for the clathrin-dependent receptor endocytosis, suppressed both TGFβ receptor internalization and Smad2/3 phosphorylation. TGFβ1 stimulated Smad-dependent VEGF-A expression, VEGF receptor-mediated EC migration, and capillary-like tube formation, which were all abolished by either PI3K-C2α knockdown or a dynamin inhibitor. Finally, TGFβ1-induced microvessel formation in Matrigel plugs was greatly attenuated in EC-specific PI3K-C2α-deleted mice. These observations indicate that PI3K-C2α plays the pivotal role in TGFβ receptor endocytosis and thereby Smad2/3 signaling, participating in angiogenic actions of TGFβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Aki
- From the Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan and
| | - Kazuaki Yoshioka
- From the Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan and
| | - Yasuo Okamoto
- From the Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan and
| | - Noriko Takuwa
- From the Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan and the Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural Nursing University, Kahoku, Ishikawa 929-1210, Japan
| | - Yoh Takuwa
- From the Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan and
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38
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Yu X, Long YC, Shen HM. Differential regulatory functions of three classes of phosphatidylinositol and phosphoinositide 3-kinases in autophagy. Autophagy 2015; 11:1711-28. [PMID: 26018563 PMCID: PMC4824607 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2015.1043076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved and exquisitely regulated self-eating cellular process with important biological functions. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PtdIns3Ks) and phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are involved in the autophagic process. Here we aim to recapitulate how 3 classes of these lipid kinases differentially regulate autophagy. Generally, activation of the class I PI3K suppresses autophagy, via the well-established PI3K-AKT-MTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) complex 1 (MTORC1) pathway. In contrast, the class III PtdIns3K catalytic subunit PIK3C3/Vps34 forms a protein complex with BECN1 and PIK3R4 and produces phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P), which is required for the initiation and progression of autophagy. The class II enzyme emerged only recently as an alternative source of PtdIns3P and autophagic initiator. However, the orthodox paradigm is challenged by findings that the PIK3CB catalytic subunit of class I PI3K acts as a positive regulator of autophagy, and PIK3C3 was thought to be an amino acid sensor for MTOR, which curbs autophagy. At present, a number of PtdIns3K and PI3K inhibitors, including specific PIK3C3 inhibitors, have been developed for suppression of autophagy and for clinical applications in autophagy-related human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Yu
- a Department of Biochemistry; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore ; Singapore
| | - Yun Chau Long
- a Department of Biochemistry; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore ; Singapore
| | - Han-Ming Shen
- b Department of Physiology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore ; Singapore
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Thorpe LM, Yuzugullu H, Zhao JJ. PI3K in cancer: divergent roles of isoforms, modes of activation and therapeutic targeting. Nat Rev Cancer 2015; 15:7-24. [PMID: 25533673 PMCID: PMC4384662 DOI: 10.1038/nrc3860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 964] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are crucial coordinators of intracellular signalling in response to extracellular stimuli. Hyperactivation of PI3K signalling cascades is one of the most common events in human cancers. In this Review, we discuss recent advances in our knowledge of the roles of specific PI3K isoforms in normal and oncogenic signalling, the different ways in which PI3K can be upregulated, and the current state and future potential of targeting this pathway in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M. Thorpe
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Program in Virology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Haluk Yuzugullu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Jean J. Zhao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Correspondence to J.J.Z. by
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Abstract
The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) family is important to nearly all aspects of cell and tissue biology and central to human cancer, diabetes and aging. PI3Ks are spatially regulated and multifunctional, and together, act at nearly all membranes in the cell to regulate a wide range of signaling, membrane trafficking and metabolic processes. There is a broadening recognition of the importance of distinct roles for each of the three different PI3K classes (I, II and III), as well as for the different isoforms within each class. Ongoing issues include the need for a better understanding of the in vivo complexity of PI3K regulation and cellular functions. This Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster summarize the biochemical activities, cellular roles and functional requirements for the three classes of PI3Ks. In doing so, we aim to provide an overview of the parallels, the key differences and crucial interplays between the regulation and roles of the three PI3K classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Jean
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0380, USA
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Igarashi J, Hashimoto T, Kubota Y, Shoji K, Maruyama T, Sakakibara N, Takuwa Y, Ujihara Y, Katanosaka Y, Mohri S, Naruse K, Yamashita T, Okamoto R, Hirano K, Kosaka H, Takata M, Konishi R, Tsukamoto I. Involvement of S1P1 receptor pathway in angiogenic effects of a novel adenosine-like nucleic acid analog COA-Cl in cultured human vascular endothelial cells. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2014; 2:e00068. [PMID: 25505610 PMCID: PMC4186426 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
COA-Cl (2Cl-C.OXT-A) is a recently developed adenosine-like nucleic acid analog that promotes angiogenesis via the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases ERK1/2. Endothelial S1P1 receptor plays indispensable roles in developmental angiogenesis. In this study, we examined the functions of S1P1 in COA-Cl-induced angiogenic responses. Antagonists for S1P1, W146, and VPC23019, substantially but still partly inhibited the effects of COA-Cl with regard to ERK1/2 activation and tube formation in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Antagonists for adenosine A1 receptor and purinergic P2Y1 receptor were without effect. Genetic knockdown of S1P1 with siRNA, but not that of S1P3, attenuated COA-Cl-elicited ERK1/2 responses. The signaling properties of COA-Cl showed significant similarities to those of sphingosine 1-phosphate, an endogenous S1P1 ligand, in that both induced responses sensitive to pertussis toxin (Gα i/o inhibitor), 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid tetrakis (acetoxymethyl ester) (BAPTA-AM), (calcium chelator), and PP2 (c-Src tyrosine kinase inhibitor). COA-Cl elevated intracellular Ca2+ concentration and induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p130Cas, a substrate of c-Src, in HUVEC. COA-Cl displaced [3H]S1P in a radioligand-binding competition assay in chem-1 cells overexpressing S1P1. However, COA-Cl activated ERK1/2 in CHO-K1 cells that lack functional S1P1 receptor, suggesting the presence of additional yet-to-be-defined COA-Cl target in these cells. The results thus suggest the major contribution of S1P1 in the angiogenic effects of COA-Cl. However, other mechanism such as that seen in CHO-K1 cells may also be partly involved. Collectively, these findings may lead to refinement of the design of this nucleic acid analog and ultimately to development of small molecule-based therapeutic angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsuke Igarashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hashimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Yasuo Kubota
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Kazuyo Shoji
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Tokumi Maruyama
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa, 769-2193, Japan
| | - Norikazu Sakakibara
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa, 769-2193, Japan
| | - Yoh Takuwa
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ujihara
- Department of Physiology, Kawasaki Medical School 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Yuki Katanosaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Shitada-Cho 2-5-1, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-0914, Japan
| | - Satoshi Mohri
- Department of Physiology, Kawasaki Medical School 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Keiji Naruse
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Shitada-Cho 2-5-1, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-0914, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Yamashita
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Ryuji Okamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Katsuya Hirano
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kosaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Maki Takata
- Department of Pharmaco-Bio-Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Ryoji Konishi
- Department of Pharmaco-Bio-Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Ikuko Tsukamoto
- Department of Pharmaco-Bio-Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
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Sphingosine-1-phosphate/S1P receptors signaling modulates cell migration in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:565369. [PMID: 25147438 PMCID: PMC4132341 DOI: 10.1155/2014/565369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The recruitment of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to damaged tissues and sites of inflammation is an essential step for clinical therapy. However, the signals regulating the motility of these cells are still not fully understood. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive sphingolipid metabolite, is known to have a variety of biological effects on various cells. Here, we investigated the roles of S1P and S1P receptors (S1PRs) in migration of human BMSCs. We found that S1P exerted a powerful migratory action on human BMSCs. Moreover, by employing RNA interference technology and pharmacological tools, we demonstrated that S1PR1 and S1PR3 are responsible for S1P-induced migration of human BMSCs. In contrast, S1PR2 mediates the inhibition of migration. Additionally, we explored the downstream signaling pathway of the S1P/S1PRs axis and found that activation of S1PR1 or S1PR3 increased migration of human BMSCs through a G i /extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2- (ERK1/2-) dependent pathway, whereas activation of S1PR2 decreased migration through the Rho/Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) pathway. In conclusion, we reveal that the S1P/S1PRs signaling axis regulates the migration of human BMSCs via a dual-directional mechanism. Thus, selective modulation of S1PR's activity on human BMSCs may provide an effective approach to immunotherapy or tissue regeneration.
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Pyszko J, Strosznajder JB. Sphingosine kinase 1 and sphingosine-1-phosphate in oxidative stress evoked by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) in human dopaminergic neuronal cells. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 50:38-48. [PMID: 24399507 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-013-8622-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine kinases (Sphk1/2) are crucial enzymes in regulation of the biostat between sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and ceramide and play an important role in the pathogenesis/pathomechanism of Alzheimer's disease (AD). These enzymes synthesise S1P, which regulates neurotransmission, synaptic function and neuron cell proliferation, by activating five G protein-coupled receptors (S1P1-5). However, S1P synthesised by Sphk2 could be involved in amyloid β (Aβ) release by stimulation of Aβ precursor protein degradation. The significance of this bioactive sphingolipid in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is unknown. The aim of our study was to investigate the expression level of Sphk1 and its role in human dopaminergic neuronal cell (SH-SY5Y) viability under oxidative stress, evoked by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+). Moreover, the mechanism of S1P action on the death signalling pathway in these experimental conditions was evaluated. Our study indicated marked downregulation of Sphk1 expression in this cellular PD model. Inhibition of Sphk1 decreased SH-SY5Y cell viability and concomitantly enhanced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. It was found that exogenous S1P (1 μM) exerted the neuroprotective effect by activation of Sphk1 and S1P1 receptor gene expression. Moreover, S1P downregulated Bax and harakiri, death protein 5 (Hrk/DP5) expression and enhanced cell viability in MPP+-treated cells. The neuroprotective mechanism of S1P is mainly dependent on S1P1 receptor signalling, which was indicated by using specific agonists and antagonists of S1P1 receptor. The results show that S1P and S1P1 receptor agonists protected a significant population of neuronal cells against death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Pyszko
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract
Phosphoinositides (PIs) are minor lipid components of cellular membranes that play critical roles in membrane dynamics, trafficking, and cellular signaling. Among the seven naturally occurring PIs, the monophosphate phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P) and the bisphosphate phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate [PtdIns(3,5)P2] have been mainly associated with endosomes and endosomal functions. Metabolic labeling and HPLC analysis revealed that a bulk of PtdIns3P is constitutively present in cells, making it the only detectable product of the enzymes phosphoinositide 3-kinases in unstimulated, normal cells. The use of specific tagged-PtdIns3P-binding domains later demonstrated that this constitutive PtdIns3P accumulates in endosomes where it critically regulates trafficking and membrane dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Maffucci
- Inositide Signalling Group, Centre for Diabetes, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Falasca
- Inositide Signalling Group, Centre for Diabetes, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
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Chai ZT, Kong J, Zhu XD, Zhang YY, Lu L, Zhou JM, Wang LR, Zhang KZ, Zhang QB, Ao JY, Wang M, Wu WZ, Wang L, Tang ZY, Sun HC. MicroRNA-26a inhibits angiogenesis by down-regulating VEGFA through the PIK3C2α/Akt/HIF-1α pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77957. [PMID: 24194905 PMCID: PMC3806796 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to regulate angiogenesis by down-regulating the expression of pro-angiogenic or anti-angiogenic factors. The aims of this study were to investigate whether miR-26a inhibited angiogenesis by down-regulating vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and its clinical relevance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods The expression of miR-26a was modified in HepG2 and HCCLM3 cell lines respectively, and a panel of angiogenic factors was measured by real-time PCR in the cells. A luciferase reporter assay was used to validate the target gene of miR-26a. Specific inhibitors of signal transduction pathway and siRNA approaches were used to explore the regulatory mechanism of miR-26a. Migration and tube forming assays were conducted to show the changes of angiogenesis induced by miR-26a and its target genes. Finally animal studies were used to further validate those findings. Results Ectopic expression of miR-26a exhibited decreased levels of VEGFA in HepG2 cells. Migration and tube forming of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were decreased in the conditioned medium from ectopic expression of miR-26a in HepG2 cells compared to control HepG2 cells. The pro-angiogenic effects of the conditioned medium of HepG2 cells on HUVECs were specifically decreased by LY294002, YC-1, and bevacizumab. Integrated analysis disclosed PIK3C2α as a downstream target gene of miR-26a. Ectopic expression of miR-26a suppressed ectopic and orthotopic tumor growth and vascularity in nude mice. The results in HCCLM3 were consistent with those in HepG2. miR-26a expression was inversely correlated with VEGFA expression in HCC patients. Conclusions miR-26a modulated angiogenesis of HCC through the PIK3C2α/Akt/HIF-1α/VEGFA pathway. The expression of VEGFA was inversely correlated with miR-26a expression in HCC tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Tao Chai
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jian Kong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Lu Lu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Min Zhou
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Long-Rong Wang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Ke-Zhi Zhang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Qiang-Bo Zhang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Yang Ao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Miao Wang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Zhong Wu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Lu Wang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-You Tang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Chuan Sun
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
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