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Yadav U, Rai TK, Sethi SC, Chandraker A, Khan MA, Komath SS. Characterising N-acetylglucosaminylphosphatidylinositol de-N-acetylase (CaGpi12), the enzyme that catalyses the second step of GPI biosynthesis in Candida albicans. FEMS Yeast Res 2018; 18:5045028. [PMID: 29945236 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foy067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans N-acetylglucosaminylphosphatidylinositol de-N-acetylase (CaGpi12) recognises N-acetylglucosaminylphosphatidylinositol (GlcNAc-PI) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and is able to complement ScGPI12 function. Both N- and C-terminal ends of CaGpi12 are important for its function. CaGpi12 was biochemically characterised using rough endoplasmic reticulum microsomes prepared from BWP17 strain of C. albicans. CaGpi12 is optimally active at 30°C and pH 7.5. It is a metal-dependent enzyme that is stimulated by divalent cations but shows no preference for Zn2+ unlike the mammalian homologue. It irreversibly loses activity upon incubation with a metal chelator. Two conserved motifs, HPDDE and HXXH, are both important for its function in the cell. CaGPI12 is essential for growth and viability of C. albicans. Its loss causes reduction of GlcNAc-PI de-N-acetylase activity, cell wall defects and filamentation defects. The filamentation defects could be specifically correlated to an upregulation of the HOG1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usha Yadav
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110 067, India
| | - Tarun Kumar Rai
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110 067, India
| | | | - Anupriya Chandraker
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110 067, India
| | - Mohd Ashraf Khan
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110 067, India
| | - Sneha Sudha Komath
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110 067, India
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Kaur C, Tripathi AK, Nutan KK, Sharma S, Ghosh A, Tripathi JK, Pareek A, Singla-Pareek SL, Sopory SK. A nuclear-localized rice glyoxalase I enzyme, OsGLYI-8, functions in the detoxification of methylglyoxal in the nucleus. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 89:565-576. [PMID: 27797431 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The cellular levels of methylglyoxal (MG), a toxic byproduct of glycolysis, rise under various abiotic stresses in plants. Detoxification of MG is primarily through the glyoxalase pathway. The first enzyme of the pathway, glyoxalase I (GLYI), is a cytosolic metalloenzyme requiring either Ni2+ or Zn2+ for its activity. Plants possess multiple GLYI genes, of which only some have been partially characterized; hence, the precise molecular mechanism, subcellular localization and physiological relevance of these diverse isoforms remain enigmatic. Here, we report the biochemical properties and physiological role of a putative chloroplast-localized GLYI enzyme, OsGLYI-8, from rice, which is strikingly different from all hitherto studied GLYI enzymes in terms of its intracellular localization, metal dependency and kinetics. In contrast to its predicted localization, OsGLYI-8 was found to localize in the nucleus along with its substrate, MG. Further, OsGLYI-8 does not show a strict requirement for metal ions for its activity, is functional as a dimer and exhibits unusual biphasic steady-state kinetics with a low-affinity and a high-affinity substrate-binding component. Loss of AtGLYI-2, the closest Arabidopsis ortholog of OsGLYI-8, results in severe germination defects in the presence of MG and growth retardation under salinity stress conditions. These defects were rescued upon complementation with AtGLYI-2 or OsGLYI-8. Our findings thus provide evidence for the presence of a GLYI enzyme and MG detoxification in the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charanpreet Kaur
- Plant Stress Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Amit K Tripathi
- Plant Stress Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Kamlesh K Nutan
- Plant Stress Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Shweta Sharma
- Plant Stress Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Ajit Ghosh
- Plant Stress Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Jayant K Tripathi
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sneh L Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sudhir K Sopory
- Plant Stress Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
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Singh S, Mandlik V, Shinde S. Molecular dynamics simulations and statistical coupling analysis of GPI12 in L. major: functional co-evolution and conservedness reveals potential drug–target sites. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2015; 11:958-68. [DOI: 10.1039/c4mb00649f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
GPI12 represents an important enzyme in the GPI biosynthetic pathway of several parasites like ‘Leishmania’.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailza Singh
- National Centre for Cell Science
- NCCS Complex
- Pune 411007
- India
| | | | - Sonali Shinde
- National Centre for Cell Science
- NCCS Complex
- Pune 411007
- India
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Liebens V, Defraine V, Van der Leyden A, De Groote VN, Fierro C, Beullens S, Verstraeten N, Kint C, Jans A, Frangipani E, Visca P, Marchal K, Versées W, Fauvart M, Michiels J. A putative de-N-acetylase of the PIG-L superfamily affects fluoroquinolone tolerance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pathog Dis 2014; 71:39-54. [PMID: 24692291 DOI: 10.1111/2049-632x.12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A major cause of treatment failure of infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the presence of antibiotic-insensitive persister cells. The mechanism of persister formation in P. aeruginosa is largely unknown, and so far, only few genetic determinants have been linked to P. aeruginosa persistence. Based on a previous high-throughput screening, we here present dnpA (de-N-acetylase involved in persistence; gene locus PA14_66140/PA5002) as a new gene involved in noninherited fluoroquinolone tolerance in P. aeruginosa. Fluoroquinolone tolerance of a dnpA mutant is strongly reduced both in planktonic culture and in a biofilm model, whereas overexpression of dnpA in the wild-type strain increases the persister fraction. In addition, the susceptibility of the dnpA mutant to different classes of antibiotics is not affected. dnpA is part of the conserved LPS core oligosaccharide biosynthesis gene cluster. Based on primary sequence analysis, we predict that DnpA is a de-N-acetylase, acting on an unidentified substrate. Site-directed mutagenesis suggests that this enzymatic activity is essential for DnpA-mediated persistence. A transcriptome analysis indicates that DnpA primarily affects the expression of genes involved in surface-associated processes. We discuss the implications of these findings for future antipersister therapies targeted at chronic P. aeruginosa infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerle Liebens
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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