1
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Zhu N, Zhang XJ, Zou H, Zhang YY, Xia JW, Zhang P, Zhang YZ, Li J, Dong L, Wumaier G, Li SQ. PTPL1 suppresses lung cancer cell migration via inhibiting TGF-β1-induced activation of p38 MAPK and Smad 2/3 pathways and EMT. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:1280-1287. [PMID: 33536603 PMCID: PMC8285377 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-00596-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) enables dissemination of neoplastic cells and onset of distal metastasis of primary tumors. However, the regulatory mechanisms of EMT by microenvironmental factors such as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) remain largely unresolved. Protein tyrosine phosphatase L1 (PTPL1) is a non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase that plays a suppressive role in tumorigenesis of diverse tissues. In this study we investigated the role of PTPL1/PTPN13 in metastasis of lung cancer and the signaling pathways regulated by PTPL1 in terms of EMT of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. We showed that the expression of PTPL1 was significantly downregulated in cancerous tissues of 23 patients with NSCLC compared with adjacent normal tissues. PTPL1 expression was positively correlated with overall survival of NSCLC patients. Then we treated A549 cells in vitro with TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL) and assessed EMT. We found that knockdown of PTPL1 enhanced the migration and invasion capabilities of A549 cells, through enhancing TGF-β1-induced EMT. In nude mice bearing A549 cell xenografts, knockdown of PTPL1 significantly promoted homing of cells and formation of tumor loci in the lungs. We further revealed that PTPL1 suppressed TGF-β-induced EMT by counteracting the activation of canonical Smad2/3 and non-canonical p38 MAPK signaling pathways. Using immunoprecipitation assay we demonstrated that PTPL1 could bind to p38 MAPK, suggesting that p38 MAPK might be a direct substrate of PTPL1. In conclusion, these results unravel novel mechanisms underlying the regulation of TGF-β signaling pathway, and have implications for prognostic assessment and targeted therapy of metastatic lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xiu-Juan Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Hai Zou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jing-Wen Xia
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - You-Zhi Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Liang Dong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Gulinuer Wumaier
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Sheng-Qing Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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2
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Current Views on the Interplay between Tyrosine Kinases and Phosphatases in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102311. [PMID: 34065882 PMCID: PMC8151247 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The chromosomal alteration t(9;22) generating the BCR-ABL1 fusion protein represents the principal feature that distinguishes some types of leukemia. An increasing number of articles have focused the attention on the relevance of protein phosphatases and their potential role in the control of BCR-ABL1-dependent or -independent signaling in different areas related to the biology of chronic myeloid leukemia. Herein, we discuss how tyrosine and serine/threonine protein phosphatases may interact with protein kinases, in order to regulate proliferative signal cascades, quiescence and self-renewals on leukemic stem cells, and drug-resistance, indicating how BCR-ABL1 can (directly or indirectly) affect these critical cells behaviors. We provide an updated review of the literature on the function of protein phosphatases and their regulation mechanism in chronic myeloid leukemia. Abstract Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by BCR-ABL1 oncogene expression. This dysregulated protein-tyrosine kinase (PTK) is known as the principal driver of the disease and is targeted by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Extensive documentation has elucidated how the transformation of malignant cells is characterized by multiple genetic/epigenetic changes leading to the loss of tumor-suppressor genes function or proto-oncogenes expression. The impairment of adequate levels of substrates phosphorylation, thus affecting the balance PTKs and protein phosphatases (PPs), represents a well-established cellular mechanism to escape from self-limiting signals. In this review, we focus our attention on the characterization of and interactions between PTKs and PPs, emphasizing their biological roles in disease expansion, the regulation of LSCs and TKI resistance. We decided to separate those PPs that have been validated in primary cell models or leukemia mouse models from those whose studies have been performed only in cell lines (and, thus, require validation), as there may be differences in the manner that the associated pathways are modified under these two conditions. This review summarizes the roles of diverse PPs, with hope that better knowledge of the interplay among phosphatases and kinases will eventually result in a better understanding of this disease and contribute to its eradication.
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3
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Dual Role of the PTPN13 Tyrosine Phosphatase in Cancer. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10121659. [PMID: 33322542 PMCID: PMC7763032 DOI: 10.3390/biom10121659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review article, we present the current knowledge on PTPN13, a class I non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase identified in 1994. We focus particularly on its role in cancer, where PTPN13 acts as an oncogenic protein and also a tumor suppressor. To try to understand these apparent contradictory functions, we discuss PTPN13 implication in the FAS and oncogenic tyrosine kinase signaling pathways and in the associated biological activities, as well as its post-transcriptional and epigenetic regulation. Then, we describe PTPN13 clinical significance as a prognostic marker in different cancer types and its impact on anti-cancer treatment sensitivity. Finally, we present future research axes following recent findings on its role in cell junction regulation that implicate PTPN13 in cell death and cell migration, two major hallmarks of tumor formation and progression.
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4
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Huang W, Liu B, Eklund EA. Investigating the role of the innate immune response in relapse or blast crisis in chronic myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2020; 34:2364-2374. [PMID: 32080344 PMCID: PMC7438233 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-0771-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by expression of the tyrosine kinase oncogene, Bcr–abl. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) induce prolonged remission in CML, and therapy discontinuation is an accepted approach to patients with reduction in Bcr–abl transcripts of four logs or greater. Half such individuals sustain a therapy free remission, but molecular mechanisms predicting relapse are undefined. We found relative calpain inhibition in CML cells with stabilization of calpain substrates, including βcatenin and Xiap1. Since the Survivin gene is activated by βcatenin, this identified two apoptosis-resistance mechanisms. We found that Survivin impaired apoptosis in leukemia stem cells (LSCs) and Xiap1 in CML granulocytes. Consistent with this, we determined treatment with an inhibitor of Survivin, but not Xiap1, prevented relapse during TKI treatment and after therapy discontinuation in a murine CML model. By transcriptome profiling, we identified activation of innate immune response pathways in murine CML bone marrow progenitors. This was increased by TKI treatment alone, but normalized with addition of a Survivin inhibitor. We found that activation of the innate immune response induced rapid blast crisis in untreated CML mice, and chronic phase relapse during a TKI discontinuation attempt. These results suggest that extrinsic stress exerts adverse effects on CML-LSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Huang
- The Feinberg School, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Jesse Brown Veterans Health Administration Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bin Liu
- The Feinberg School, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Eklund
- The Feinberg School, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. .,Jesse Brown Veterans Health Administration Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
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5
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Inhibition of Fas associated phosphatase 1 (Fap1) facilitates apoptosis of colon cancer stem cells and enhances the effects of oxaliplatin. Oncotarget 2018; 9:25891-25902. [PMID: 29899829 PMCID: PMC5995227 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fas associated phosphatase 1 (Fap1) is a ubiquitously expressed protein tyrosine phosphatase. Fap1 substrates include Fas and Gsk3β, suggesting a role in regulating cell survival. Consistent with this, increased Fap1 expression is associated with resistance to Fas or platinum induced apoptosis in some human colon cancer tumors or cell lines. In the current studies, we found that Fap1 expression was significantly greater in CD133+ colon cancer stem cells compared to CD133− tumor cells. PTPN13 promoter activity (encoding Fap1) was repressed by interferon regulatory factor 2 (irf2), and expression of Fap1 and Irf2 were inversely correlated in CD133+ or CD133− colon cancer cells. We determined that CD133+ cells were relatively resistant to Fas or oxaliplatin induced apoptosis, but this was reversed by Fap1-knockdown or a Fap1-blocking tripeptide (SLV). In a murine xenograft model of colon cancer, we found treatment with SLV peptide significantly decreased tumor growth and relative abundance of CD133+CD44+ cells; associated with increased phosphorylation of Fap1 substrates. SLV peptide also enhanced inhibitory effects of oxaliplatin on tumor growth and Fap1 substrate phosphorylation in this model. Our studies suggest that therapeutically targeting Fap1 may decrease persistence of colon cancer stem cells during treatment with platinum chemotherapy by activating Fap1 substrates. In a murine model of chronic myeloid leukemia, we previously determined that inhibition of Fap1 decreased persistence of leukemia stem cells during tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment. Therefore, Fap1 may be a tissue agnostic target to increase apoptosis in malignant stem cells.
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6
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Bcr-abl regulates Stat5 through Shp2, the interferon consensus sequence binding protein (Icsbp/Irf8), growth arrest specific 2 (Gas2) and calpain. Oncotarget 2018; 7:77635-77650. [PMID: 27769062 PMCID: PMC5363610 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Icsbp/Irf8 is an interferon regulatory transcription factor that functions as a suppressor of myeloid leukemias. Consistent with this activity, Icsbp represses a set of genes encoding proteins that promote cell proliferation/survival. One such gene encodes Gas2, a calpain inhibitor. We previously found that increased Gas2-expression in Bcr-abl+ cells stabilized βcatenin; a Calpain substrate. This was of interest, because βcatenin contributes to disease progression in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Calpain has additional substrates implicated in leukemogenesis, including Stat5. In the current study, we hypothesized that Stat5 activity in CML is regulated by Gas2/Calpain. We found that Bcr-abl-induced, Shp2-dependent dephosphorylation of Icsbp impaired repression of GAS2 by this transcription factor. The consequent decrease in Calpain activity stabilized Stat5 protein; increasing the absolute abundance of both phospho and total Stat5. This enhanced repression of the IRF8 promoter by Stat5 in a manner dependent on Icsbp, Gas2 and Calpain, but not Stat5 tyrosine phosphorylation. During normal myelopoiesis, increased expression and phosphorylation of Icsbp inhibits Calpain. In contrast, constitutive activation of Shp2 in Bcr-abl+ cells impairs regulation of Gas2/Calpain by Icsbp, aberrantly stabilizing Stat5 and enhancing IRF8 repression. This novel feedback mechanism enhances leukemogenesis by increasing Stat5 and decreasing Icsbp. Bcr-abl targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) provide long term disease control, but CML is not cured by these agents. Our studies suggest targeting Calpain might be a rational therapeutic approach to decrease persistent leukemia stem cells (LSCs) during TKI-treatment.
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7
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Mancini M, Soverini S, Gugliotta G, Santucci MA, Rosti G, Cavo M, Martinelli G, Castagnetti F. Chibby 1: a new component of β-catenin-signaling in chronic myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2017; 8:88244-88250. [PMID: 29152155 PMCID: PMC5675707 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chibby 1 (CBY1) is a small and evolutionarily conserved protein, which act as β-catenin antagonist. CBY1 is encoded by C22orf2 (22q13.1) Its antagonistic function on β-catenin involves the direct interaction with: The C-terminal activation domain of β-catenin, which hinders β-catenin binding with Tcf/Lef transcription factors hence repressing β-catenin transcriptional activation. 14-3-3 scaffolding proteins (σ or ξ), which drive CBY1 nuclear export into a stable tripartite complex with β-catenin. The relative proximity of C22orf2 gene encoding for CBY1 to the BCR breakpoint on chromosome 22q11, whose translocation and rearrangement with the c-ABL is the causative event of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), suggested that gene haploinsufficiency may play a role in the disease pathogenesis and progression. We found CBY1 down-modulation associated with the BCR-ABL1, promoted by transcriptional mechanisms (promoter hyper-methylation) and post-transcriptional events, addressing the protein towards proteasome-dependent degradation through SUMOylation. CBY1 reduced expression in clonal progenitors and, more importantly, in leukemic stem cells (LSC), is contingent upon the tyrosine kinase (TK) activity of BCR-ABL1 fusion protein. Accordingly, its induction by Imatinib (IM) and second generation TK inhibitors contributes to β-catenin inactivation through multiple events encompassing the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated unfolded protein response (UPR) and autophagy, eventually leading to apoptotic death. These findings support the advantage of combined regimens including drugs targeting DNA epigenetics and/or proteasome to eradicate the BCR-ABL1+ hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Mancini
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES-Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Soverini
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES-Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriele Gugliotta
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES-Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Alessandra Santucci
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES-Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianantonio Rosti
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES-Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Cavo
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES-Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES-Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fausto Castagnetti
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES-Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna Medical School, Bologna, Italy
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8
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Mancini M, Castagnetti F, Soverini S, Leo E, De Benedittis C, Gugliotta G, Rosti G, Bavaro L, De Santis S, Monaldi C, Martelli M, Santucci MA, Cavo M, Martinelli G. FOXM1 Transcription Factor: A New Component of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Stem Cell Proliferation Advantage. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:3968-3975. [PMID: 28401599 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
FOXM1 transcription factor is a central component of tumor initiation, growth, and progression due to its multiple effects on cell cycle, DNA repair, angiogenesis and invasion, chromatin, protein anabolism, and cell adhesion. Moreover, FOXM1 interacts with β-catenin promoting its nuclear import and transcriptional activation. Here, we show that FOXM1 is involved in the advantage of chronic myeloid leukemia hematopoiesis over the normal counterpart. FOXM1 hyper-activation associated with BCR-ABL1 results from phosphorylation by the fusion protein kinase-dependent activation of Polo-like kinase 1. FOXM1 phosphorylation lets its binding with β-catenin and β-catenin transcriptional activation, a key event for persistence of the leukemic stem cell compartment under tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Polo-like kinase 1 inhibitor BI6727, already advanced for clinical use, breaks β-catenin interaction with FOXM1, hence hampering FOXM1 phosphorylation, β-catenin binding, nuclear import, and downstream signaling. In conclusion, our results support Polo-like kinase 1/FOXM1 axis as a complementary target to eradicate leukemic early progenitor/stem cell compartment in chronic myeloid leukemia. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 3968-3975, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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MESH Headings
- Cell Proliferation
- Female
- Forkhead Box Protein M1/genetics
- Forkhead Box Protein M1/metabolism
- Humans
- K562 Cells
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Male
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Mancini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Institute of Hematology L. and A. Seràgnoli-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fausto Castagnetti
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Institute of Hematology L. and A. Seràgnoli-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Soverini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Institute of Hematology L. and A. Seràgnoli-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Leo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Institute of Hematology L. and A. Seràgnoli-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Caterina De Benedittis
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Institute of Hematology L. and A. Seràgnoli-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriele Gugliotta
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Institute of Hematology L. and A. Seràgnoli-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianantonio Rosti
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Institute of Hematology L. and A. Seràgnoli-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luana Bavaro
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Institute of Hematology L. and A. Seràgnoli-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara De Santis
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Institute of Hematology L. and A. Seràgnoli-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cecilia Monaldi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Institute of Hematology L. and A. Seràgnoli-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Margherita Martelli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Institute of Hematology L. and A. Seràgnoli-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Alessandra Santucci
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Institute of Hematology L. and A. Seràgnoli-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Cavo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Institute of Hematology L. and A. Seràgnoli-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Institute of Hematology L. and A. Seràgnoli-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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9
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The role of Fas-associated phosphatase 1 in leukemia stem cell persistence during tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2016; 30:1502-9. [PMID: 26984787 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by expression of Bcr-abl, a tyrosine kinase oncogene. Clinical outcomes in CML were revolutionized by development of Bcr-abl-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), but CML is not cured by these agents. CML leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are relatively TKI insensitive and persist even in remission. LSC persistence results in relapse upon TKI discontinuation, or drug resistance or blast crisis (BC) during prolonged treatment. We hypothesize that increased expression of Fas-associated phosphatase 1 (Fap1) in CML contributes to LSC persistence and BC. As Fap1 substrates include Fas and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (Gsk3β), increased Fap1 activity in CML is anticipated to induce Fas resistance and stabilization of β-catenin protein. Resistance to Fas-induced apoptosis may contribute to CML LSC persistence, and β-catenin activity increases during BC. In the current study, we directly tested the role of Fap1 in CML LSC persistence using in an in vivo murine model. In TKI-treated mice, we found that inhibiting Fap1, using a tripeptide or small molecule, prevented TKI resistance, BC and relapse after TKI discontinuation; all events observed with TKI alone. In addition, Fap1 inhibition increased Fas sensitivity and decreased β-catenin activity in CD34(+) bone marrow cells from human subjects with CML. Therapeutic Fap1 inhibition may permit TKI discontinuation and delay in progression in CML.
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10
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Hu L, Huang W, Hjort EE, Bei L, Platanias LC, Eklund EA. The Interferon Consensus Sequence Binding Protein (Icsbp/Irf8) Is Required for Termination of Emergency Granulopoiesis. J Biol Chem 2015; 291:4107-20. [PMID: 26683374 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.681361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Emergency granulopoiesis occurs in response to infectious or inflammatory challenge and is a component of the innate immune response. Some molecular events involved in initiating emergency granulopoiesis are known, but termination of this process is less well defined. In this study, we found that the interferon consensus sequence binding protein (Icsbp/Irf8) was required to terminate emergency granulopoiesis. Icsbp is an interferon regulatory transcription factor with leukemia suppressor activity. Expression of Icsbp is decreased in chronic myeloid leukemia, and Icsbp(-/-) mice exhibit progressive granulocytosis with evolution to blast crisis, similar to the course of human chronic myeloid leukemia. In this study, we found aberrantly sustained granulocyte production in Icsbp(-/-) mice after stimulation of an emergency granulopoiesis response. Icsbp represses transcription of the genes encoding Fas-associated phosphatase 1 (Fap1) and growth arrest-specific 2 (Gas2) and activates genes encoding Fanconi C and F. After stimulation of emergency granulopoiesis, we found increased and sustained expression of Fap1 and Gas2 in bone marrow myeloid progenitor cells from Icsbp(-/-) mice in comparison with the wild type. This was associated with resistance to Fas-induced apoptosis and increased β-catenin activity in these cells. We also found that repeated episodes of emergency granulopoiesis accelerated progression to acute myeloid leukemia in Icsbp(-/-) mice. This was associated with impaired Fanconi C and F expression and increased sensitivity to DNA damage in bone marrow myeloid progenitors. Our results suggest that impaired Icsbp expression enhances leukemogenesis by deregulating processes that normally limit granulocyte expansion during the innate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Hu
- From the Feinberg School of Medicine and
| | - Weiqi Huang
- From the Feinberg School of Medicine and the Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | | | - Ling Bei
- From the Feinberg School of Medicine and the Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Leonidas C Platanias
- From the Feinberg School of Medicine and the Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612 Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611 and
| | - Elizabeth A Eklund
- From the Feinberg School of Medicine and the Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612 Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611 and
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11
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Mancini M, Leo E, Takemaru KI, Campi V, Castagnetti F, Soverini S, De Benedittis C, Rosti G, Cavo M, Santucci MA, Martinelli G. 14-3-3 Binding and Sumoylation Concur to the Down-Modulation of β-catenin Antagonist chibby 1 in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131074. [PMID: 26147002 PMCID: PMC4492953 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The down-modulation of the β-catenin antagonist Chibby 1 (CBY1) associated with the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) contributes to the aberrant activation of β-catenin, particularly in leukemic stem cells (LSC) resistant to tyrosine kinase (TK) inhibitors. It is, at least partly, driven by transcriptional events and gene promoter hyper-methylation. Here we demonstrate that it also arises from reduced protein stability upon binding to 14-3-3σ adapter protein. CBY1/14-3-3σ interaction in BCR-ABL1+ cells is mediated by the fusion protein TK and AKT phosphorylation of CBY1 at critical serine 20, and encompasses the 14-3-3σ binding modes I and II involved in the binding with client proteins. Moreover, it is impaired by c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation of 14-3-3σ at serine 186, which promotes dissociation of client proteins. The ubiquitin proteasome system UPS participates in reducing stability of CBY1 bound with 14-3-3σ through enhanced SUMOylation. Our results open new routes towards the research on molecular pathways promoting the proliferative advantage of leukemic hematopoiesis over the normal counterpart.
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MESH Headings
- 14-3-3 Proteins/metabolism
- Amino Acid Motifs
- Benzamides/pharmacology
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carrier Proteins/biosynthesis
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Down-Regulation
- Exoribonucleases/metabolism
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/genetics
- Humans
- JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Nuclear Proteins/biosynthesis
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Oncogene Protein p65(gag-jun)
- Phosphorylation
- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism
- Protein Binding
- Protein Interaction Mapping
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational
- Protein Stability
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Pyrazoles/pharmacology
- Subcellular Fractions/metabolism
- Sumoylation
- beta Catenin/antagonists & inhibitors
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Mancini
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES—Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli". University of Bologna-Medical School, Bologna, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Elisa Leo
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES—Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli". University of Bologna-Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ken-Ichi Takemaru
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Virginia Campi
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES—Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli". University of Bologna-Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fausto Castagnetti
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES—Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli". University of Bologna-Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Soverini
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES—Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli". University of Bologna-Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Caterina De Benedittis
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES—Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli". University of Bologna-Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianantonio Rosti
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES—Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli". University of Bologna-Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Cavo
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES—Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli". University of Bologna-Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Alessandra Santucci
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES—Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli". University of Bologna-Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES—Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli". University of Bologna-Medical School, Bologna, Italy
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12
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DNA Methyltransferase 1 Drives Transcriptional Down-Modulation of β Catenin Antagonist Chibby1 Associated With theBCR-ABL1Gene of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. J Cell Biochem 2015; 116:589-97. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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13
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Dubreuil V, Sap J, Harroch S. Protein tyrosine phosphatase regulation of stem and progenitor cell biology. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2015; 37:82-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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14
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Zhao S, Sedwick D, Wang Z. Genetic alterations of protein tyrosine phosphatases in human cancers. Oncogene 2014; 34:3885-94. [PMID: 25263441 PMCID: PMC4377308 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are enzymes that remove phosphate from tyrosine residues in proteins. Recent whole-exome sequencing of human cancer genomes reveals that many PTPs are frequently mutated in a variety of cancers. Among these mutated PTPs, protein tyrosine phosphatase T (PTPRT) appears to be the most frequently mutated PTP in human cancers. Beside PTPN11 which functions as an oncogene in leukemia, genetic and functional studies indicate that most of mutant PTPs are tumor suppressor genes. Identification of the substrates and corresponding kinases of the mutant PTPs may provide novel therapeutic targets for cancers harboring these mutant PTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zhao
- 1] Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Shanghai Institution of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China [2] Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA [3] Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - D Sedwick
- 1] Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA [2] Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Z Wang
- 1] Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA [2] Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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15
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Sardina JL, López-Ruano G, Prieto-Bermejo R, Sánchez-Sánchez B, Pérez-Fernández A, Sánchez-Abarca LI, Pérez-Simón JA, Quintales L, Sánchez-Yagüe J, Llanillo M, Antequera F, Hernández-Hernández A. PTPN13 regulates cellular signalling and β-catenin function during megakaryocytic differentiation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1843:2886-99. [PMID: 25193362 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PTPN13 is a high-molecular weight intracellular phosphatase with several isoforms that exhibits a highly modular structure. Although in recent years different roles have been described for PTPN13, we are still far from understanding its function in cell biology. Here we show that PTPN13 expression is activated during megakaryocytic differentiation at the protein and mRNA level. Our results show that the upregulation of PTPN13 inhibits megakaryocytic differentiation, while PTPN13 silencing triggers differentiation. The ability of PTPN13 to alter megakaryocytic differentiation can be explained by its capacity to regulate ERK and STAT signalling. Interestingly, the silencing of β-catenin produced the same effect as PTPN13 downregulation. We demonstrate that both proteins coimmunoprecipitate and colocalise. Moreover, we provide evidence showing that PTPN13 can regulate β-catenin phosphorylation, stability and transcriptional activity. Therefore, the ability of PTPN13 to control megakaryocytic differentiation must be intimately linked to the regulation of β-catenin function. Moreover, our results show for the first time that PTPN13 is stabilised upon Wnt signalling, which makes PTPN13 an important player in canonical Wnt signalling. Our results show that PTPN13 behaves as an important regulator of megakaryocytic differentiation in cell lines and also in murine haematopoietic progenitors. This importance can be explained by the ability of PTPN13 to regulate cellular signalling, and especially through the regulation of β-catenin stability and function. Our results hold true for different megakaryocytic cell lines and also for haematopoietic progenitors, suggesting that these two proteins may play a relevant role during in vivo megakaryopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L Sardina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; IBFG, Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, CSIC, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Guillermo López-Ruano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; IBSAL (Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Prieto-Bermejo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; IBSAL (Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Beatriz Sánchez-Sánchez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; IBSAL (Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Alejandro Pérez-Fernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; IBSAL (Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | | | - José Antonio Pérez-Simón
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/IBIS/CSIC/University of Seville, Spain
| | - Luis Quintales
- IBFG, Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, CSIC, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Jesús Sánchez-Yagüe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marcial Llanillo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; IBSAL (Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Francisco Antequera
- IBFG, Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, CSIC, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Angel Hernández-Hernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; IBSAL (Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca 37007, Spain.
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16
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A calpain-cleaved fragment of β-catenin promotes BCRABL1+ cell survival evoked by autophagy induction in response to imatinib. Cell Signal 2014; 26:1690-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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17
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Leo E, Mancini M, Aluigi M, Luatti S, Castagnetti F, Testoni N, Soverini S, Santucci MA, Martinelli G. BCR-ABL1-associated reduction of beta catenin antagonist Chibby1 in chronic myeloid leukemia. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81425. [PMID: 24339928 PMCID: PMC3858264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta Catenin signaling is critical for the self-renewal of leukemic stem cells in chronic myeloid leukemia. It is driven by multiple events, enhancing beta catenin stability and promoting its transcriptional co-activating function. We investigated the impact of BCR-ABL1 on Chibby1, a beta catenin antagonist involved in cell differentiation and transformation. Relative proximity of the Chibby1 encoding gene (C22orf2) on chromosome 22q12 to the BCR breakpoint (22q11) lets assume its involvement in beta catenin activation in chronic myeloid leukemia as a consequence of deletions of distal BCR sequences encompassing one C22orf2 allele. Forty patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase were analyzed for C22orf2 relocation and Chibby1 expression. Fluorescent in situ hybridization analyses established that the entire C22orf2 follows BCR regardless of chromosomes involved in the translocation. In differentiated hematopoietic progenitors (bone marrow mononuclear cell fractions) of 30/40 patients, the expression of Chibby1 protein was reduced below 50% of the reference value (peripheral blood mononuclear cell fractions of healthy persons). In such cell context, Chibby1 protein reduction is not dependent on C22orf2 transcriptional downmodulation; however, it is strictly dependent upon BCR-ABL1 expression because it was not observed at the moment of major molecular response under tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Moreover, it was not correlated with the disease prognosis or response to therapy. Most importantly, a remarkable Chibby1 reduction was apparent in a putative BCR-ABL1+ leukemic stem cell compartment identified by a CD34+ phenotype compared to more differentiated hematopoietic progenitors. In CD34+ cells, Chibby1 reduction arises from transcriptional events and is driven by C22orf2 promoter hypermethylation. These results advance low Chibby1 expression associated with BCR-ABL1 as a component of beta catenin signaling in leukemic stem cells.
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MESH Headings
- Active Transport, Cell Nucleus
- Antigens, CD34/metabolism
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Nucleus/metabolism
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/genetics
- Down-Regulation
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Models, Molecular
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
- Nucleic Acid Conformation
- Signal Transduction
- Transcriptional Activation
- beta Catenin/antagonists & inhibitors
- beta Catenin/genetics
- beta Catenin/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Leo
- Istituto di Ematologia “Lorenzo e Ariosto Seràgnoli”, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica Diagnostica e Sperimentale - DIMES, University of Bologna - Medical School, Bologna, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Manuela Mancini
- Istituto di Ematologia “Lorenzo e Ariosto Seràgnoli”, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica Diagnostica e Sperimentale - DIMES, University of Bologna - Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Aluigi
- Istituto di Ematologia “Lorenzo e Ariosto Seràgnoli”, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica Diagnostica e Sperimentale - DIMES, University of Bologna - Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Luatti
- Istituto di Ematologia “Lorenzo e Ariosto Seràgnoli”, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica Diagnostica e Sperimentale - DIMES, University of Bologna - Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fausto Castagnetti
- Istituto di Ematologia “Lorenzo e Ariosto Seràgnoli”, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica Diagnostica e Sperimentale - DIMES, University of Bologna - Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Testoni
- Istituto di Ematologia “Lorenzo e Ariosto Seràgnoli”, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica Diagnostica e Sperimentale - DIMES, University of Bologna - Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Soverini
- Istituto di Ematologia “Lorenzo e Ariosto Seràgnoli”, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica Diagnostica e Sperimentale - DIMES, University of Bologna - Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Alessandra Santucci
- Istituto di Ematologia “Lorenzo e Ariosto Seràgnoli”, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica Diagnostica e Sperimentale - DIMES, University of Bologna - Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Istituto di Ematologia “Lorenzo e Ariosto Seràgnoli”, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica Diagnostica e Sperimentale - DIMES, University of Bologna - Medical School, Bologna, Italy
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