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Wang ZW, Yu QY, Xu MJ, Zhou CY, Li JP, Liao XH. MAGE-A11 is a potential prognostic biomarker and immunotherapeutic target in gastric cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:285-298. [PMID: 38180746 PMCID: PMC10817374 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Gastric cancer poses a serious threat to human health and affects the digestive system. The lack of early symptoms and a dearth of effective identification methods make diagnosis difficult, with many patients only receiving a definitive diagnosis at a malignant stage, causing them to miss out on optimal therapeutic interventions. Melanoma-associated antigen-A (MAGE-A) is part of the MAGE family and falls under the cancer/testis antigen (CTA) category. The MAGE-A subfamily plays a significant role in tumorigenesis, proliferation and migration. The expression, prognosis and function of MAGE-A family members in GC, however, remain unclear. Our research and screening have shown that MAGE-A11 was highly expressed in GC tissues and was associated with poor patient prognosis. Additionally, MAGE-A11 functioned as an independent prognostic factor in GC through Cox regression analysis, and its expression showed significant correlation with both tumour immune cell infiltration and responsiveness to immunotherapy. Our data further indicated that MAGE-A11 regulated GC cell proliferation and migration. Subsequently, our findings propose that MAGE-A11 may operate as a prognostic factor, having potential as an immunotherapy target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wen Wang
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases, Yueyang Vocational Technical College, Yueyang 414006, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Ying Yu
- Central Laboratory, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong 226361, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Jiao Xu
- Zhaoyuan Linglong Central Health Center, Zhaoyuan 265400, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Chuan-Yi Zhou
- Yueyang People’s Hospital, Yueyang Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Normal University Neoplasm Ward 1, Yueyang 414000, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Peng Li
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei, P.R. China
- College of Science, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Hua Liao
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei, P.R. China
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2
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Pascucci FA, Escalada MC, Suberbordes M, Vidal C, Ladelfa MF, Monte M. MAGE-I proteins and cancer-pathways: A bidirectional relationship. Biochimie 2022; 208:31-37. [PMID: 36403755 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Data emerged from the last 20 years of basic research on tumor antigens positioned the type I MAGE (Melanoma Antigen GEnes - I or MAGE-I) family as cancer driver factors. MAGE-I gene expression is mainly restricted to normal reproductive tissues. However, abnormal re-expression in cancer unbalances the cell status towards enhanced oncogenic activity or reduced tumor suppression. Anomalous MAGE-I gene re-expression in cancer is attributed to altered epigenetic-mediated chromatin silencing. Still, emerging data indicate that MAGE-I can be regulated at protein level. Results from different laboratories suggest that after its anomalous re-expression, specific MAGE-I proteins can be regulated by well-known signaling pathways or key cellular processes that finally potentiate the cancer cell phenotype. Thus, MAGE-I proteins both regulate and are regulated by cancer-related pathways. Here, we present an updated review highlighting the recent findings on the regulation of MAGE-I by oncogenic pathways and the potential consequences in the tumor cell behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Andrés Pascucci
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Departamento de Química Biológica and IQUIBICEN-UBA/CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Micaela Carolina Escalada
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Departamento de Química Biológica and IQUIBICEN-UBA/CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Melisa Suberbordes
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Departamento de Química Biológica and IQUIBICEN-UBA/CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Candela Vidal
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Departamento de Química Biológica and IQUIBICEN-UBA/CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Fátima Ladelfa
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Departamento de Química Biológica and IQUIBICEN-UBA/CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Martín Monte
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Departamento de Química Biológica and IQUIBICEN-UBA/CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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MAGEA11 as a STAD Prognostic Biomarker Associated with Immune Infiltration. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12102506. [PMID: 36292195 PMCID: PMC9600629 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12102506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of MAGE family member A11 (MAGEA11) is upregulated in different tumors. However, in gastric cancer, the prognostic significance of MAGEA11 and its relationship with immune infiltration remain largely unknown. The expression of MAGEA11 in pan-cancer and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and survival impact of gastric cancer were evaluated by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Whether MAGEA11 was an independent risk factor was assessed by Cox analysis. Nomograms were constructed from MAGEA11 and clinical variables. Gene functional pathway enrichment was obtained based on MAGEA11 differential analysis. The relationship between MAGEA11 and immune infiltration was determined by the Tumor Immunity Estimation Resource (TIMER) and the Tumor Immune System Interaction Database (TISIDB). Finally, MAGEA11-sensitive drugs were predicted based on the CellMiner database. The results showed that the expression of MAGEA11 mRNA in gastric cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues. The ROC curve indicated an AUC value of 0.667. Survival analysis showed that patients with high MAGEA11 had poor prognosis (HR = 1.43, p = 0.034). In correlation analysis, MAGEA11 mRNA expression was found to be associated with tumor purity and immune invasion. Finally, drug sensitivity analysis found that the expression of MAGEA11 was correlated with seven drugs. Our study found that upregulated MAGEA11 in gastric cancer was significantly associated with lower survival and invasion by immune infiltration. It is suggested that MAGEA11 may be a potential biomarker and immunotherapy target for gastric cancer.
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Co-expression of cancer-testis antigens of MAGE-A6 and MAGE-A11 is associated with tumor aggressiveness in patients with bladder cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:599. [PMID: 35022469 PMCID: PMC8755713 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04510-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma antigen gene (MAGE)-A6 and MAGE-A11 are two of the most cancer-testis antigens overexpressed in various types of cancers. However, the clinical and prognosis value of MAGE-A6 and MAGE-A11 co-expression in the pathophysiology of the bladder is unknown. Three studies were selected from GEO databases in order to introduce the common genes that are involved in bladder cancer. Then immunohistochemical analysis for staining pattern and clinicopathological significance of suggested markers, MAGE-A6 and MAGE-A11, were performed in 199 and 213 paraffin-embedded bladder cancer with long adjacent normal tissues, respectively. A significant and positive correlation was found between both nuclear and cytoplasmic expressions of MAGE-A6 as well as expression of cytoplasmic MAGE-A11 with histological grade, PT stage, lamina propria invasion, and LP/ muscularis (L/M) involvement (all of the p-values in terms of H-score were < 0.0001). Additionally, significant differences were found between both nuclear and cytoplasmic MAGE-A6/MAGE-A11 phenotypes with tumor size (P = 0.007, P = 0.043, respectively), different histological grades, PT stage, LP involvement, and L/M involvement (all of the p-values for both phenotypes were < 0.0001). The current study added the value of these novel markers to the bladder cancer clinical settlement that might be considered as an admirable target for immunotherapy.
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Li S, Shi X, Li J, Zhou X. Pathogenicity of the MAGE family. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:844. [PMID: 34733362 PMCID: PMC8561213 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The melanoma antigen gene (MAGE) protein family is a group of highly conserved proteins that share a common homology domain. Under normal circumstances, numerous MAGE proteins are only expressed in reproduction-related tissues; however, abnormal expression levels are observed in a variety of tumor tissues. The MAGE family consists of type I and II proteins, several of which are cancer-testis antigens that are highly expressed in cancer and serve a critical role in tumorigenesis. Therefore, this review will use the relationship between MAGEs and tumors as a starting point, focusing on the latest developments regarding the function of MAGEs as oncogenes, and preliminarily reveal their possible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanyan Li
- Department of Pathology, Qianjiang Central Hospital, Qianjiang, Hubei 433100, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Shi
- Department of Pathology, Qianjiang Central Hospital, Qianjiang, Hubei 433100, P.R. China
| | - Jingping Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qianjiang Central Hospital, Qianjiang, Hubei 433100, P.R. China
| | - Xianrong Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Qianjiang Central Hospital, Qianjiang, Hubei 433100, P.R. China
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Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte elicited therapeutic vaccine candidate targeting cancer against MAGE-A11 carcinogenic protein. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:226922. [PMID: 33169789 PMCID: PMC7711063 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20202349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is a breakthrough approach for cancer treatment and prevention. By exploiting the fact that cancer cells have overexpression of tumor antigens responsible for its growth and progression, which can be identified and removed by boosting the immune system. In silico techniques have provided efficient ways for developing preventive measures to ward off cancer. Herein, we have designed a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitope to elicit a desirable immune response against carcinogenic melanoma-associated antigen-A11. Potent epitope was predicted using reliable algorithms and characterized by advanced computational avenue CABS molecular dynamics simulation, for full flexible binding with HLA-A*0201 and androgen receptor to large-scale rearrangements of the complex system. Results showed the potent immunogenic construct (KIIDLVHLL), from top epitopes using five algorithms. Molecular docking analyses showed the strong binding of epitope with HLA-A*0201 and androgen receptor with docking score of -780.6 and -641.06 kcal/mol, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulation analysis revealed strong binding of lead epitope with androgen receptor by involvement of 127 elements through atomic-model study. Full flexibility study showed stable binding of epitope with an average root mean square deviation (RMSD) 2.21 Å and maximum RMSD value of 6.48 Å in optimal cluster density area. The epitope also showed remarkable results with radius of gyration 23.0777 Å, world population coverage of 39.08% by immune epitope database, and transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) affinity IC50 value of 2039.65 nm. Moreover, in silico cloning approach confirmed the expression and translation capacity of the construct within a suitable expression vector. The present study paves way for a potential immunogenic construct for prevention of cancer.
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Pascucci FA, Ladelfa MF, Toledo MF, Escalada M, Suberbordes M, Monte M. MageC2 protein is upregulated by oncogenic activation of MAPK pathway and causes impairment of the p53 transactivation function. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1868:118918. [PMID: 33279609 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Normal-to-tumor cell transition is accompanied by changes in gene expression and signal transduction that turns the balance toward cancer-cell phenotype, eluding by different mechanisms, the response of tumor-suppressor genes. Here, we observed that MageC2, a MAGE-I protein able to regulate the p53 tumor-suppressor, is accumulated upon MEK/ERK MAPK activation. Overexpression of H-RasV12 oncogene causes an increase in MageC2 protein that is prevented by pharmacologic inhibition of MEK. Similarly, decrease in MageC2 protein levels is shown in A375 melanoma cells (which harbor B-RafV600E oncogenic mutation) treated with MEK inhibitors. MageC2 protein levels decrease when p14ARF is expressed, causing an Mdm2-independent upregulation of p53 transactivation. However, MageC2 is refractory to p14ARF-driven downregulation when H-RasV12 is co-expressed. Using MageC2 knockout A375 cells generated by CRISPR/CAS9 technology, we demonstrated the relevance of MageC2 protein in reducing p53 transcriptional activity in cells containing hyperactive MEK/ERK signaling. Furthermore, gene expression analysis performed in cancer-genomic databases, supports the correlation of reduced p53 transcriptional activity and high MageC2 expression, in melanoma cells containing Ras or B-Raf driver mutations. Data presented here suggest that MageC2 can be a functional target of the oncogenic MEK/ERK pathway to regulate p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Andrés Pascucci
- Lab. Oncología Molecular, Departamento de Química Biológica and IQUIBICEN-UBA/CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Fátima Ladelfa
- Lab. Oncología Molecular, Departamento de Química Biológica and IQUIBICEN-UBA/CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Fernanda Toledo
- Lab. Oncología Molecular, Departamento de Química Biológica and IQUIBICEN-UBA/CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Micaela Escalada
- Lab. Oncología Molecular, Departamento de Química Biológica and IQUIBICEN-UBA/CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Melisa Suberbordes
- Lab. Oncología Molecular, Departamento de Química Biológica and IQUIBICEN-UBA/CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín Monte
- Lab. Oncología Molecular, Departamento de Química Biológica and IQUIBICEN-UBA/CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Wu Y, Sang M, Liu F, Zhang J, Li W, Li Z, Gu L, Zheng Y, Li J, Shan B. Epigenetic modulation combined with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade enhances immunotherapy based on MAGE-A11 antigen-specific CD8+T cells against esophageal carcinoma. Carcinogenesis 2021; 41:894-903. [PMID: 32529260 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer testis antigens (CTAs) are promising targets for T cell-based immunotherapy and studies have shown that certain CT genes are epigenetically depressed in cancer cells through DNA demethylation. Melanoma-associated antigen A11 (MAGE-A11) is a CTA that is frequently expressed in esophageal cancer and is correlated with a poor esophageal cancer prognosis. Consequently, MAGE-A11 is a potential immunotherapy target. In this study, we evaluated MAGE-A11 expression in esophageal cancer cells and found that it was downregulated in several tumor cell lines, which restricted the effect of immunotherapy. Additionally, the specific recognition and lytic potential of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) derived from the MAGE-A11 was determined. Specific CTLs could kill esophageal cancer cells expressing MAGE-A11 but rarely lysed MAGE-A11-negative tumor cells. Therefore, induction of MAGE-A11 expression is critical for CTLs recognition and lysis of esophageal cancer cells. Treatment with the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine increased MAGE-A11 expression in esophageal cancer cells and subsequently enhanced the cytotoxicity of MAGE-A11-specific CD8+T cells against cancer cell lines. Furthermore, we found that PD-L1 expression in esophageal cancer cells affected the antitumor function of CTLs. programmed death-1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 blockade could increase the specific CTL-induced lysis of HLA-A2+/MAGE-A11+ tumor cell lines treated with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. These findings indicate that the treatment of tumor cells with the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine augments MAGE-A11 expression in esophageal cancer cells. The combination of epigenetic modulation by 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade may be useful for T cell-based immunotherapy against esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyan Wu
- Department of Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Meixiang Sang
- Department of Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Tumor Research, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiandong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Gu
- Department of Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Department of Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoen Shan
- Department of Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Tumor Research, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
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Florke Gee RR, Chen H, Lee AK, Daly CA, Wilander BA, Fon Tacer K, Potts PR. Emerging roles of the MAGE protein family in stress response pathways. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:16121-16155. [PMID: 32921631 PMCID: PMC7681028 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev120.008029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The melanoma antigen (MAGE) proteins all contain a MAGE homology domain. MAGE genes are conserved in all eukaryotes and have expanded from a single gene in lower eukaryotes to ∼40 genes in humans and mice. Whereas some MAGEs are ubiquitously expressed in tissues, others are expressed in only germ cells with aberrant reactivation in multiple cancers. Much of the initial research on MAGEs focused on exploiting their antigenicity and restricted expression pattern to target them with cancer immunotherapy. Beyond their potential clinical application and role in tumorigenesis, recent studies have shown that MAGE proteins regulate diverse cellular and developmental pathways, implicating them in many diseases besides cancer, including lung, renal, and neurodevelopmental disorders. At the molecular level, many MAGEs bind to E3 RING ubiquitin ligases and, thus, regulate their substrate specificity, ligase activity, and subcellular localization. On a broader scale, the MAGE genes likely expanded in eutherian mammals to protect the germline from environmental stress and aid in stress adaptation, and this stress tolerance may explain why many cancers aberrantly express MAGEs Here, we present an updated, comprehensive review on the MAGE family that highlights general characteristics, emphasizes recent comparative studies in mice, and describes the diverse functions exerted by individual MAGEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca R Florke Gee
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Helen Chen
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Anna K Lee
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Christina A Daly
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Benjamin A Wilander
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Klementina Fon Tacer
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA; School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, Texas, USA.
| | - Patrick Ryan Potts
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
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Yang SW, Huang X, Lin W, Min J, Miller DJ, Mayasundari A, Rodrigues P, Griffith EC, Gee CT, Li L, Li W, Lee RE, Rankovic Z, Chen T, Potts PR. Structural basis for substrate recognition and chemical inhibition of oncogenic MAGE ubiquitin ligases. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4931. [PMID: 33004795 PMCID: PMC7529893 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18708-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Testis-restricted melanoma antigen (MAGE) proteins are frequently hijacked in cancer and play a critical role in tumorigenesis. MAGEs assemble with E3 ubiquitin ligases and function as substrate adaptors that direct the ubiquitination of novel targets, including key tumor suppressors. However, how MAGEs recognize their targets is unknown and has impeded the development of MAGE-directed therapeutics. Here, we report the structural basis for substrate recognition by MAGE ubiquitin ligases. Biochemical analysis of the degron motif recognized by MAGE-A11 and the crystal structure of MAGE-A11 bound to the PCF11 substrate uncovered a conserved substrate binding cleft (SBC) in MAGEs. Mutation of the SBC disrupted substrate recognition by MAGEs and blocked MAGE-A11 oncogenic activity. A chemical screen for inhibitors of MAGE-A11:substrate interaction identified 4-Aminoquinolines as potent inhibitors of MAGE-A11 that show selective cytotoxicity. These findings provide important insights into the large family of MAGE ubiquitin ligases and identify approaches for developing cancer-specific therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Wook Yang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Pl, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Pl, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Wenwei Lin
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Pl, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Jaeki Min
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Pl, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Darcie J Miller
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Pl, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Anand Mayasundari
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Pl, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Patrick Rodrigues
- Hartwell Center for Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Pl, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Griffith
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Pl, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Clifford T Gee
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Pl, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Lei Li
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, 5270 California Ave, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, 5270 California Ave, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Richard E Lee
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Pl, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Zoran Rankovic
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Pl, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Taosheng Chen
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Pl, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Patrick Ryan Potts
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Pl, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
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A Preliminary Study of the Cross-Reactivity of Canine MAGE-A with Hominid Monoclonal Antibody 6C1 in Canine Mammary Gland Tumors: An Attractive Target for Cancer Diagnostic, Prognostic and Immunotherapeutic Development in Dogs. Vet Sci 2020; 7:vetsci7030109. [PMID: 32784970 PMCID: PMC7558761 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci7030109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma-associated antigen-A (MAGE-A), a family of cancer/testis antigens, has been recognized as a potential target molecule for cancer immunotherapy. However, there has been very little information available with regard to this antigen in dogs. This study aimed to investigate the expression of MAGE-A in canine mammary gland tumors (CMTs) using immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting with human monoclonal MAGE-A antibody 6C1. The present study has provided evidence of cross-reactivity of the canine MAGE-A expression with the human MAGE-A antibody in CMTs. The MAGE-A antigens were expressed in moderate- and high-grade malignant CMTs (22.22%, 2/9), but no expression was observed in benign CMTs. The immunohistochemical staining of canine MAGE antigen in CMT cells showed nuclear and nuclear–cytoplasmic expression patterns that may be involved with the mitotic cell division of tumor cells. Molecular weights of the canine MAGE-A antigen presented in this study were approximately 42–62 kDa, which were close to those of other previous studies involving humans and dogs. The findings on this protein in CMTs could supply valuable oncological knowledge for the development of novel diagnostic, prognostic and immunotherapeutic tumor markers in veterinary medicine.
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Nourse J, Spada S, Danckwardt S. Emerging Roles of RNA 3'-end Cleavage and Polyadenylation in Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Therapy of Human Disorders. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10060915. [PMID: 32560344 PMCID: PMC7356254 DOI: 10.3390/biom10060915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A crucial feature of gene expression involves RNA processing to produce 3′ ends through a process termed 3′ end cleavage and polyadenylation (CPA). This ensures the nascent RNA molecule can exit the nucleus and be translated to ultimately give rise to a protein which can execute a function. Further, alternative polyadenylation (APA) can produce distinct transcript isoforms, profoundly expanding the complexity of the transcriptome. CPA is carried out by multi-component protein complexes interacting with multiple RNA motifs and is tightly coupled to transcription, other steps of RNA processing, and even epigenetic modifications. CPA and APA contribute to the maintenance of a multitude of diverse physiological processes. It is therefore not surprising that disruptions of CPA and APA can lead to devastating disorders. Here, we review potential CPA and APA mechanisms involving both loss and gain of function that can have tremendous impacts on health and disease. Ultimately we highlight the emerging diagnostic and therapeutic potential CPA and APA offer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Nourse
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (J.N.); (S.S.)
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefano Spada
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (J.N.); (S.S.)
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sven Danckwardt
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (J.N.); (S.S.)
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Rhine-Main, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Jia S, Zhang M, Li Y, Zhang L, Dai W. MAGE-A11 Expression Predicts Patient Prognosis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:1427-1435. [PMID: 32161495 PMCID: PMC7051897 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s237867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Growing evidence showed that Melanoma-associated antigen-A11 (MAGE-A11) was abnormally expressed in various malignancies, but MAGE-A11 expression and its biological roles in HNSCC had not been reported in detail. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between MAGE-A11 signatures and clinicopathological features of HNSCC patients and uncover its potential mechanisms in HNSCC patients. Methods In the present study, we analyzed the expression of MAGE-A11 gene and evaluated the impact of MAGE-A11 genes expression on clinical outcome from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. MAGE-A11 expression was assessed in a well-characterized series of HNSCC (N = 75) with long-term follow-up and 10 cases of adjacent non-cancerous tissues, which were diagnosed between 2013 and 2014, by using immunohistochemistry. The correlation between MAGE-A11 expression and clinicopathological factors was analyzed. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to assess the prognostic significance of MAGE-A11 expression among HNSCC patients. Results The results showed that MAGE-A11 mRNA expression was increased in HNSCC tissues compared to "normal" tissues (P < 10-12). MAGE-A11 protein expression was not correlated with lymph node status, relapse, age, gender, histological grade, differentiation, clinical stage, tumor size, radiotherapy or chemotherapy. The patients with high MAGE-A11 expression had lower 5-year overall survival (OS) rates than those with low MAGE-A11 expression as determined using the Kaplan-Meier method. The univariate and multivariate analyses confirmed that elevated MAGE-A11 was an independent prognostic factor for the OS of HNSCC patients. Conclusion These findings indicate that MAGE-A11 may be a valuable diagnostic or prognostic marker as well as a potential molecular therapy target for HNSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiheng Jia
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, China Medical University, Liaoning, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Liaoning, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China.,Department of Cell Biology, China Medical University, Liaoning, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, China Medical University, Liaoning, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, China Medical University, Liaoning, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Liaoning, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China.,Department of Cell Biology, China Medical University, Liaoning, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, China Medical University, Liaoning, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanshu Li
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, China Medical University, Liaoning, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Liaoning, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China.,Department of Cell Biology, China Medical University, Liaoning, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Liaoning, Shenyang 110002, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Dai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Liaoning, Shenyang 110002, People's Republic of China
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14
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Yang SW, Li L, Connelly JP, Porter SN, Kodali K, Gan H, Park JM, Tacer KF, Tillman H, Peng J, Pruett-Miller SM, Li W, Potts PR. A Cancer-Specific Ubiquitin Ligase Drives mRNA Alternative Polyadenylation by Ubiquitinating the mRNA 3' End Processing Complex. Mol Cell 2020; 77:1206-1221.e7. [PMID: 31980388 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2019.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alternative polyadenylation (APA) contributes to transcriptome complexity by generating mRNA isoforms with varying 3' UTR lengths. APA leading to 3' UTR shortening (3' US) is a common feature of most cancer cells; however, the molecular mechanisms are not understood. Here, we describe a widespread mechanism promoting 3' US in cancer through ubiquitination of the mRNA 3' end processing complex protein, PCF11, by the cancer-specific MAGE-A11-HUWE1 ubiquitin ligase. MAGE-A11 is normally expressed only in the male germline but is frequently re-activated in cancers. MAGE-A11 is necessary for cancer cell viability and is sufficient to drive tumorigenesis. Screening for targets of MAGE-A11 revealed that it ubiquitinates PCF11, resulting in loss of CFIm25 from the mRNA 3' end processing complex. This leads to APA of many transcripts affecting core oncogenic and tumor suppressors, including cyclin D2 and PTEN. These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms driving APA in cancer and suggest therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Wook Yang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Division of Biostatistics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jon P Connelly
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Shaina N Porter
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Kiran Kodali
- Departments of Structural Biology and Developmental Neurobiology, Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Haiyun Gan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jung Mi Park
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Klementina Fon Tacer
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Heather Tillman
- Veterinary Pathology Core, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Junmin Peng
- Departments of Structural Biology and Developmental Neurobiology, Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Shondra M Pruett-Miller
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Division of Biostatistics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Patrick Ryan Potts
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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15
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Su S, Gu Q, Xu A, Shen S, Liu S, Zhang C, Miao C, Qin C, Liu B, Wang Z. Genetic variations in MAGE-A11 predict the risk and survival of renal cell cancer. J Cancer 2019; 10:4860-4865. [PMID: 31598157 PMCID: PMC6775520 DOI: 10.7150/jca.32675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma antigen-A11 (MAGE-A11) is a low-abundance, primate-specific steroid receptor coregulator in normal tissues of the human reproductive tract, which plays an important role in tumorigenesis. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been shown to contribute to cancer risk and prognosis. However, the role of SNPs of MAGE-A11 in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has not been established. Two intronic SNPs (rs6641352 and rs6540341) of MAGE-A11 have been screened to assess their associations with RCC risk and prognosis in a case control study. We found that rs6641352 was associated with RCC susceptibility in the dominant model (TC/CC vs. TT, adjusted odds ratio = 1.315, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.089-1.588) and with survival of RCC in the recessive model (CC vs. TT/TC, adjusted hazard ratio = 3.526, 95% CI = 1.072-11.595). For the SNP rs6540341, individuals with the T allele could have a critically increased risk of RCC (adjusted odds ratio = 1.301, 95% CI = 1.081-1.564, P = 0.005 in the dominant model). However, there was no significant association between rs6540341 and RCC survival. Hence, rs6641352 in MAGE-A11 may contribute to the genetic susceptibility and prognosis for RCC and act as a biomarker for RCC occurrence and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifeng Su
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Qi Gu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Aiming Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Sipeng Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shouyong Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Chengkui Miao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Chao Qin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Bianjiang Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zengjun Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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16
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Xu J, Zhu C, Yu Y, Wu W, Cao J, Li Z, Dai J, Wang C, Tang Y, Zhu Q, Wang J, Wen W, Xue L, Zhen F, Liu J, Huang C, Zhao F, Zhou Y, He Z, Pan X, Wei H, Zhu Y, He Y, Que J, Luo J, Chen L, Wang W. Systematic cancer-testis gene expression analysis identified CDCA5 as a potential therapeutic target in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. EBioMedicine 2019; 46:54-65. [PMID: 31324603 PMCID: PMC6710982 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most lethal malignancies with poor prognosis. Cancer-testis genes (CTGs) have been vigorously pursued as targets for cancer immunotherapy, but the expressive patterns and functional roles of CTGs remain unclear in ESCC. Methods A systematic screening strategy was adopted to screen CTGs in ESCC by integrating multiple public databases and RNA expression microarray data from 119 ESCC subjects. For the newly identified ESCC prognosis-associated CTGs, an independent cohort of 118 patients with ESCC was recruited to validate the relationship via immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, functional assays were performed to determine the underlying mechanisms. Findings 21 genes were recognized as CTGs, in particular, CDCA5 was aberrantly upregulated in ESCC tissues and significantly associated with poor prognosis (HR = 1.85, 95%CI: 1.14–3.01, P = .013). Immunohistochemical staining confirmed that positive CDCA5 expression was associated with advanced TNM staging and a shorter overall survival rate (45.59% vs 28.00% for CDCA5−/+ subjects, P = 1.86 × 10−3). H3K27 acetylation in CDCA5 promoter might lead to the activation of CDCA5 during ESCC tumorigenesis. Functionally, in vitro assay of gain- and loss-of-function of CDCA5 suggested that CDCA5 could promote ESCC cells proliferation, invasion, migration, apoptosis resistance and reduce chemosensitivity to cisplatin. Moreover, in vivo assay showed that silenced CDCA5 could inhibit tumor growth. Mechanistically, CDCA5 knockdown led to an arrest in G2/M phase and changes in the expression of factors that played fundamental roles in the cell cycle pathway. Interpretation CDCA5 contributed to ESCC progression and might serve as an attractive target for ESCC immunotherapy. Fund This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK20181083 and BK20181496), Jiangsu Top Expert Program in Six Professions (No. WSW-003 and WSW-007), Major Program of Science and Technology Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BE2016790 and BE2018746), Jiangsu Medical Young Talent Project (No. QNRC2016566), the Program of Jiangsu Medical Innovation Team (No. CXTDA2017006), Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (KYCX18_1487) and Jiangsu Province 333 Talents Project (No. BRA2017545).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengxiang Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weibing Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juncheng Dai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Quan Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fuxi Zhen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinyuan Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenjun Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhicheng He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xianglong Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haixing Wei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yining Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaozhou He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Que
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinghua Luo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Epigenetic regulation of MAGE family in human cancer progression-DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:115. [PMID: 30185218 PMCID: PMC6126015 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0550-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The melanoma antigen gene (MAGE) proteins are a group of highly conserved family members that contain a common MAGE homology domain. Type I MAGEs are relevant cancer-testis antigens (CTAs), and originally considered as attractive targets for cancer immunotherapy due to their typically high expression in tumor tissues but restricted expression in normal adult tissues. Here, we reviewed the recent discoveries and ideas that illustrate the biological functions of MAGE family in cancer progression. Furthermore, we also highlighted the current understanding of the epigenetic mechanism of MAGE family expression in human cancers.
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18
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Willett CS, Wilson EM. Evolution of Melanoma Antigen-A11 (MAGEA11) During Primate Phylogeny. J Mol Evol 2018; 86:240-253. [PMID: 29574604 DOI: 10.1007/s00239-018-9838-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma antigen-A11 (MAGE-A11) is an X-linked and primate-specific steroid hormone receptor transcriptional coregulator and proto-oncogenic protein whose increased expression promotes the growth of prostate cancer. The MAGEA11 gene is expressed at low levels in normal human testis, ovary, and endometrium, and at highest levels in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Annotated genome predictions throughout the surviving primate lineage show that MAGEA11 acquired three 5' coding exons unique within the MAGEA subfamily during the evolution of New World monkeys (NWM), Old World monkeys (OWM), and apes. MAGE-A11 in all primates has a conserved FXXIF coactivator-binding motif that suggests interaction with p160 coactivators contributed to its early evolution as a transcriptional coregulator. An ancestral form of MAGE-A11 in the more distantly related lemur has significant amino acid sequence identity with human MAGE-A11, but lacks coregulator activity based on the absence of the three 5' coding exons that include a nuclear localization signal (NLS). NWM MAGE-A11 has greater amino acid sequence identity than lemur to human MAGE-A11, but inframe premature stop codons suggest that MAGEA11 is a pseudogene in NWM. MAGE-A11 in OWM and apes has nearly identical 5' coding exon amino acid sequence and conserved interaction sites for p300 acetyltransferase and cyclin A. We conclude that the evolution of MAGEA11 within the lineage leading to OWM and apes resulted in steroid hormone receptor transcriptional coregulator activity through the acquisition of three 5' coding exons that include a NLS sequence and nonsynonymous substitutions required to interact with cell cycle regulatory proteins and transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S Willett
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7500, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Wilson
- Laboratories for Reproductive Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7500, USA.
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19
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Van Tongelen A, Loriot A, De Smet C. Oncogenic roles of DNA hypomethylation through the activation of cancer-germline genes. Cancer Lett 2017; 396:130-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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20
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McLoughlin KC, Kaufman AS, Schrump DS. Targeting the epigenome in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2017; 6:350-365. [PMID: 28713680 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2017.06.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesotheliomas (MPM) are notoriously refractory to conventional treatment modalities. Recent insights regarding epigenetic alterations in MPM provide the preclinical rationale for the evaluation of novel combinatorial regimens targeting the epigenome in these neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin C McLoughlin
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic and GI Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew S Kaufman
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic and GI Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David S Schrump
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic and GI Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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21
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Laiseca JE, Ladelfa MF, Cotignola J, Peche LY, Pascucci FA, Castaño BA, Galigniana MD, Schneider C, Monte M. Functional interaction between co-expressed MAGE-A proteins. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178370. [PMID: 28542476 PMCID: PMC5443569 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MAGE-A (Melanoma Antigen Genes-A) are tumor-associated proteins with expression in a broad spectrum of human tumors and normal germ cells. MAGE-A gene expression and function are being increasingly investigated to better understand the mechanisms by which MAGE proteins collaborate in tumorigenesis and whether their detection could be useful for disease prognosis purposes. Alterations in epigenetic mechanisms involved in MAGE gene silencing cause their frequent co-expression in tumor cells. Here, we have analyzed the effect of MAGE-A gene co-expression and our results suggest that MageA6 can potentiate the androgen receptor (AR) co-activation function of MageA11. Database search confirmed that MageA11 and MageA6 are co-expressed in human prostate cancer samples. We demonstrate that MageA6 and MageA11 form a protein complex resulting in the stabilization of MageA11 and consequently the enhancement of AR activity. The mechanism involves association of the Mage A6-MHD domain to MageA11, prevention of MageA11 ubiquitinylation on lysines 240 and 245 and decreased proteasome-dependent degradation. We experimentally demonstrate here for the first time that two MAGE-A proteins can act together in a non-redundant way to potentiate a specific oncogenic function. Overall, our results highlight the complexity of the MAGE gene networking in regulating cancer cell behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta E. Laiseca
- Lab. Oncología Molecular, Departamento de Química Biológica and IQUIBICEN-UBA/CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María F. Ladelfa
- Lab. Oncología Molecular, Departamento de Química Biológica and IQUIBICEN-UBA/CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Javier Cotignola
- Lab. Inflamación y Cáncer, Departamento de Química Biológica and IQUIBICEN-UBA/CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leticia Y. Peche
- Laboratorio Nazionale del Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, Area Science Park, Trieste , Italy
| | - Franco A. Pascucci
- Lab. Oncología Molecular, Departamento de Química Biológica and IQUIBICEN-UBA/CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Bryan A. Castaño
- Lab. Oncología Molecular, Departamento de Química Biológica and IQUIBICEN-UBA/CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mario D. Galigniana
- Lab. Biología Molecular y Celular, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio Receptores Nucleares, IBYME-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudio Schneider
- Laboratorio Nazionale del Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, Area Science Park, Trieste , Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università di Udine, p.le Kolbe 4, Udine, Italy
| | - Martin Monte
- Lab. Oncología Molecular, Departamento de Química Biológica and IQUIBICEN-UBA/CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- * E-mail:
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Su S, Parris AB, Grossman G, Mohler JL, Wang Z, Wilson EM. Up-Regulation of Follistatin-Like 1 By the Androgen Receptor and Melanoma Antigen-A11 in Prostate Cancer. Prostate 2017; 77:505-516. [PMID: 27976415 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High affinity androgen binding to the androgen receptor (AR) activates genes required for male sex differentiation and promotes the development and progression of prostate cancer. Human AR transcriptional activity involves interactions with coregulatory proteins that include primate-specific melanoma antigen-A11 (MAGE-A11), a coactivator that increases AR transcriptional activity during prostate cancer progression to castration-resistant/recurrent prostate cancer (CRPC). METHODS Microarray analysis and quantitative RT-PCR were performed to identify androgen-regulated MAGE-A11-dependent genes in LAPC-4 prostate cancer cells after lentivirus shRNA knockdown of MAGE-A11. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was used to assess androgen-dependent AR recruitment, and immunocytochemistry to localize an androgen-dependent protein in prostate cancer cells and tissue and in the CWR22 human prostate cancer xenograft. RESULTS Microarray analysis of androgen-treated LAPC-4 prostate cancer cells indicated follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1) is up-regulated by MAGE-A11. Androgen-dependent up-regulation of FSTL1 was inhibited in LAPC-4 cells by lentivirus shRNA knockdown of AR or MAGE-A11. Chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated AR recruitment to intron 10 of the FSTL1 gene that contains a classical consensus androgen response element. Increased levels of FSTL1 protein in LAPC-4 cells correlated with higher levels of MAGE-A11 relative to other prostate cancer cells. FSTL1 mRNA levels increased in CRPC and castration-recurrent CWR22 xenografts in association with predominantly nuclear FSTL1. Increased nuclear localization of FSTL1 in prostate cancer was suggested by predominantly cytoplasmic FSTL1 in benign prostate epithelial cells and predominantly nuclear FSTL1 in epithelial cells in CRPC tissue and the castration-recurrent CWR22 xenograft. AR expression studies showed nuclear colocalization of AR and endogenous FSTL1 in response to androgen. CONCLUSION AR and MAGE-A11 cooperate in the up-regulation of FSTL1 to promote growth and progression of CRPC. Prostate 77:505-516, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifeng Su
- Laboratories for Reproductive Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Amanda B Parris
- Laboratories for Reproductive Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Gail Grossman
- Laboratories for Reproductive Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - James L Mohler
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
- Department of Urology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Urology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York
| | - Zengjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Elizabeth M Wilson
- Laboratories for Reproductive Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Lee AK, Potts PR. A Comprehensive Guide to the MAGE Family of Ubiquitin Ligases. J Mol Biol 2017; 429:1114-1142. [PMID: 28300603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma antigen (MAGE) genes are conserved in all eukaryotes and encode for proteins sharing a common MAGE homology domain. Although only a single MAGE gene exists in lower eukaryotes, the MAGE family rapidly expanded in eutherians and consists of more than 50 highly conserved genes in humans. A subset of MAGEs initially garnered interest as cancer biomarkers and immunotherapeutic targets due to their antigenic properties and unique expression pattern that is primary restricted to germ cells and aberrantly reactivated in various cancers. However, further investigation revealed that MAGEs not only drive tumorigenesis but also regulate pathways essential for diverse cellular and developmental processes. Therefore, MAGEs are implicated in a broad range of diseases including neurodevelopmental, renal, and lung disorders, and cancer. Recent biochemical and biophysical studies indicate that MAGEs assemble with E3 RING ubiquitin ligases to form MAGE-RING ligases (MRLs) and act as regulators of ubiquitination by modulating ligase activity, substrate specification, and subcellular localization. Here, we present a comprehensive guide to MAGEs highlighting the molecular mechanisms of MRLs and their physiological roles in germ cell and neural development, oncogenic functions in cancer, and potential as therapeutic targets in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Lee
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA
| | - Patrick Ryan Potts
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA.
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24
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Askew EB, Bai S, Parris AB, Minges JT, Wilson EM. Androgen receptor regulation by histone methyltransferase Suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 2 and Melanoma antigen-A11. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 443:42-51. [PMID: 28042025 PMCID: PMC5303141 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Androgen receptor (AR) transcriptional activity depends on interactions between the AR NH2-terminal region and transcriptional coregulators. A yeast two-hybrid screen of a human testis library using predicted α-helical NH2-terminal fragment AR-(370-420) as bait identified suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 2 (SUV39H2) histone methyltransferase as an AR interacting protein. SUV39H2 interaction with AR and the AR coregulator, melanoma antigen-A11 (MAGE-A11), was verified in two-hybrid, in vitro glutathione S-transferase affinity matrix and coimmunoprecipitation assays. Fluorescent immunocytochemistry colocalized SUV39H2 and AR in the cytoplasm without androgen, in the nucleus with androgen, and with MAGE-A11 in the nucleus independent of androgen. Chromatin immunoprecipitation using antibodies raised against SUV39H2 demonstrated androgen-dependent recruitment of AR and SUV39H2 to the androgen-responsive upstream enhancer of the prostate-specific antigen gene. SUV39H2 functioned cooperatively with MAGE-A11 to increase androgen-dependent AR transcriptional activity. SUV39H2 histone methyltransferase is an AR coactivator that increases androgen-dependent transcriptional activity through interactions with AR and MAGE-A11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily B Askew
- Laboratories for Reproductive Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Suxia Bai
- Laboratories for Reproductive Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Amanda B Parris
- Laboratories for Reproductive Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - John T Minges
- Laboratories for Reproductive Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Elizabeth M Wilson
- Laboratories for Reproductive Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.
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Su S, Chen X, Geng J, Minges JT, Grossman G, Wilson EM. Melanoma antigen-A11 regulates substrate-specificity of Skp2-mediated protein degradation. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 439:1-9. [PMID: 27720894 PMCID: PMC5123923 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma antigen-A11 (MAGE-A11) is a proto-oncogene involved in androgen receptor signaling and androgen-dependent cell growth. In this report we provide evidence that MAGE-A11 interacts with Skp2 (S phase kinase-associated protein), the substrate recognition protein of the Skp1-Cullin1-F-box E3 ubiquitin ligase, and with Skp2 binding protein, cyclin A. A similar cyclin A binding motif in MAGE-A11 and Skp2 was consistent with a competitive relationship between MAGE-A11 and Skp2 in binding cyclin A. Skp2 inhibited MAGE-A11 interaction with cyclin A. Differential effects of MAGE-A11 on Skp2-mediated protein degradation were also revealed. MAGE-A11 increased Skp2-mediated degradation of cyclin A and retinoblastoma-related protein p130. In contrast, MAGE-A11 decreased Skp2-mediated degradation of E2F1 and Skp2 self-ubiquitination. Stabilization of E2F1 by MAGE-A11 was associated with sequestration and inactivation of Skp2 through the formation of an E2F1-MAGE-A11-Skp2 complex. We conclude that direct interactions of MAGE-A11 with Skp2 and cyclin A regulate the substrate-specificity of Skp2-mediated protein degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifeng Su
- Laboratories for Reproductive Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Laboratories for Reproductive Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jiang Geng
- Laboratories for Reproductive Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - John T Minges
- Laboratories for Reproductive Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Gail Grossman
- Laboratories for Reproductive Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Wilson
- Laboratories for Reproductive Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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The cancer/testis antigen MAGEC2 promotes amoeboid invasion of tumor cells by enhancing STAT3 signaling. Oncogene 2016; 36:1476-1486. [PMID: 27775077 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The biological function of MAGEC2, a cancer/testis antigen highly expressed in various cancers, remains largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that expression of MAGEC2 induces rounded morphology and amoeboid-like movement of tumor cells in vitro and promotes tumor metastasis in vivo. The pro-metastasis effect of MAGEC2 was mediated by signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activation. Mechanistically, MAGEC2 interacts with STAT3 and inhibits the polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of STAT3 in the nucleus of tumor cells, resulting in accumulation of phosphorylated STAT3 and enhanced transcriptional activity. Notably, expression levels of MAGEC2 and phosphorylated STAT3 are positively correlated and both are associated with incidence of metastasis in human hepatocellular carcinoma. This study not only reveals a previously unappreciated role of MAGEC2 in promoting tumor metastasis, but also identifies a new molecular mechanism by which MAGEC2 sustains hyperactivation of STAT3 in the nucleus of tumor cells. Thus, MAGEC2 may represent a new antitumor metastasis target for treatment of cancer.
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Sang M, Gu L, Liu F, Lian Y, Yin D, Fan X, Ding C, Huang W, Liu S, Shan B. Prognostic Significance of MAGE-A11 in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Identification of Related Genes Based on DNA Microarray. Arch Med Res 2016; 47:151-61. [PMID: 27362547 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS This study aims to investigate the expression pattern of melanoma-associated antigen-A11 (MAGE-A11) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) specimens and analyze its prognostic significance for ESCC patients. In addition, the purpose of our study was also to explore the biological function of MAGE-A11 in ESCC cells based on DNA microarray. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of MAGE-A11 in ESCC specimens, and its prognostic significance was analyzed by statistical analysis. DNA microarray and quantitative RT-PCR were used to explore the different expression of MAGE-A11 downstream genes in ESCC cells. Cell invasion assay and MTT assay were used to detect the effect of MAGE-A11 cDNA on the invasion and proliferation of ESCC cells. RESULTS Of the ESCC specimens, 59.3% showed positive MAGE-A11 expression. MAGE-A11 expression in ESCC specimens was positively associated with distant lymph node metastasis. Overall survival of ESCC patients with positive MAGE-A11 expression was shorter than in patients with negative MAGE-A11 expression. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed MAGE-A11 expression is an independent poor prognostic factor for ESCC patients. Overexpression of MAGE-A11 changed a variety of gene expressions, which was associated with various cell functions such as protein ubiquitination, cell proliferation and apoptosis, tumor invasion and metastasis. Overexpression of MAGE-A11 directly increased the invasion and proliferation of ESCC cells. CONCLUSIONS MAGE-A11 is an independent poor prognostic marker for ESCC patients. MAGE-A11 regulates various cell functions and directly increases the invasion and proliferation of ESCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixiang Sang
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China; Tumor Research Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Gu
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Liu
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yishui Lian
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Danjing Yin
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Fan
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Ding
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Weina Huang
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shina Liu
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoen Shan
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China; Tumor Research Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
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28
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Peek GW, Tollefsbol TO. Combinatorial PX-866 and Raloxifene Decrease Rb Phosphorylation, Cyclin E2 Transcription, and Proliferation of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. J Cell Biochem 2015; 117:1688-96. [PMID: 26660119 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
As a potential means to reduce proliferation of breast cancer cells, a multiple-pathway approach with no effect on control cells was explored. The human interactome being constructed by the Center for Cancer Systems Biology will prove indispensable to understanding composite effects of multiple pathways, but its discovered protein-protein interactions require characterization. Accordingly, we explored the effects of regulators of one protein on downstream targets of the other protein. MCF-7 estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer cells were treated with raloxifene to upregulate the TGF-β pathway and PX-866 to down-regulate the PI3K/Akt pathway. This resulted in highly significant downstream reduction of cell cycle proliferation in breast cancer cells with no significant proliferation reduction following similar treatment of noncancerous MCF10A breast epithelial cells. Reduced phosphorylation of p107 and substantial reduction of Rb phosphorylation were observed in response. The effects of reduced Rb and p107 phosphorylation were reflected in significant decline in E2F-1 transcriptional activity, which is dependent on pocket protein phosphorylation status. The reduced proliferation was related to decreased expression of cyclins, including E2F-1-regulated Cyclin E2, which was also in response to raloxifene and PX-866. All combinations of raloxifene and PX-866 produced significant or highly significant results for reduced MCF-7 cell proliferation, reduced Cyclin E2 transcription, and reduced Rb phosphorylation. These studies demonstrated that uncontrolled proliferation of ER+ breast cancer cells can be significantly reduced by combinational targeting of two relevant pathways. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 1688-1696, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory W Peek
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Trygve O Tollefsbol
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama.,Comprehensive Center for Healthy Aging, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama.,Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama.,Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
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29
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Kozakova L, Vondrova L, Stejskal K, Charalabous P, Kolesar P, Lehmann AR, Uldrijan S, Sanderson CM, Zdrahal Z, Palecek JJ. The melanoma-associated antigen 1 (MAGEA1) protein stimulates the E3 ubiquitin-ligase activity of TRIM31 within a TRIM31-MAGEA1-NSE4 complex. Cell Cycle 2015; 14:920-30. [PMID: 25590999 PMCID: PMC4614679 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2014.1000112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The MAGE (Melanoma-associated antigen) protein family members are structurally related to each other by a MAGE-homology domain comprised of 2 winged helix motifs WH/A and WH/B. This family specifically evolved in placental mammals although single homologs designated NSE3 (non-SMC element) exist in most eukaryotes. NSE3, together with its partner proteins NSE1 and NSE4 form a tight subcomplex of the structural maintenance of chromosomes SMC5–6 complex. Previously, we showed that interactions of the WH/B motif of the MAGE proteins with their NSE4/EID partners are evolutionarily conserved (including the MAGEA1-NSE4 interaction). In contrast, the interaction of the WH/A motif of NSE3 with NSE1 diverged in the MAGE paralogs. We hypothesized that the MAGE paralogs acquired new RING-finger-containing partners through their evolution and form MAGE complexes reminiscent of NSE1-NSE3-NSE4 trimers. In this work, we employed the yeast 2-hybrid system to screen a human RING-finger protein library against several MAGE baits. We identified a number of potential MAGE-RING interactions and confirmed several of them (MDM4, PCGF6, RNF166, TRAF6, TRIM8, TRIM31, TRIM41) in co-immunoprecipitation experiments. Among these MAGE-RING pairs, we chose to examine MAGEA1-TRIM31 in detail and showed that both WH/A and WH/B motifs of MAGEA1 bind to the coiled-coil domain of TRIM31 and that MAGEA1 interaction stimulates TRIM31 ubiquitin-ligase activity. In addition, TRIM31 directly binds to NSE4, suggesting the existence of a TRIM31-MAGEA1-NSE4 complex reminiscent of the NSE1-NSE3-NSE4 trimer. These results suggest that MAGEA1 functions as a co-factor of TRIM31 ubiquitin-ligase and that the TRIM31-MAGEA1-NSE4 complex may have evolved from an ancestral NSE1-NSE3-NSE4 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Kozakova
- a From the Mendel Center for Plant Genomics and Proteomics; Central European Institute of Technology; Masaryk University ; Brno , Czech Republic
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Peche LY, Ladelfa MF, Toledo MF, Mano M, Laiseca JE, Schneider C, Monte M. Human MageB2 Protein Expression Enhances E2F Transcriptional Activity, Cell Proliferation, and Resistance to Ribotoxic Stress. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:29652-62. [PMID: 26468294 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.671982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
MageB2 belongs to the melanoma antigen gene (MAGE-I) family of tumor-specific antigens. Expression of this gene has been detected in human tumors of different origins. However, little is known about the protein function and how its expression affects tumor cell phenotypes. In this work, we found that human MageB2 protein promotes tumor cell proliferation in a p53-independent fashion, as observed both in cultured cells and growing tumors in mice. Gene expression analysis showed that MageB2 enhances the activity of E2F transcription factors. Mechanistically, the activation of E2Fs is related to the ability of MageB2 to interact with the E2F inhibitor HDAC1. Cellular distribution of MageB2 protein includes the nucleoli. Nevertheless, ribotoxic drugs rapidly promote its nucleolar exit. We show that MageB2 counteracts E2F inhibition by ribosomal proteins independently of Mdm2 expression. Importantly, MageB2 plays a critical role in impairing cell cycle arrest in response to Actinomycin D. The data presented here support a relevant function for human MageB2 in cancer cells both under cycling and stressed conditions, presenting a distinct functional feature with respect to other characterized MAGE-I proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Y Peche
- From the Laboratorio Nazionale del Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - María F Ladelfa
- the Departamento de Química Biológica and Instituto de Química Biológica Ciencias Exactas y Naturales/Consejo de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María F Toledo
- the Departamento de Química Biológica and Instituto de Química Biológica Ciencias Exactas y Naturales/Consejo de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Miguel Mano
- the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy, and
| | - Julieta E Laiseca
- the Departamento de Química Biológica and Instituto de Química Biológica Ciencias Exactas y Naturales/Consejo de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudio Schneider
- From the Laboratorio Nazionale del Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy, the Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università di Udine, p.le Kolbe 4, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Martín Monte
- the Departamento de Química Biológica and Instituto de Química Biológica Ciencias Exactas y Naturales/Consejo de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina,
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Minges JT, Grossman G, Zhang P, Kafri T, Wilson EM. Post-translational Down-regulation of Melanoma Antigen-A11 (MAGE-A11) by Human p14-ARF Tumor Suppressor. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:25174-87. [PMID: 26330556 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.663641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
X-linked primate-specific melanoma antigen-A11 (MAGE-A11) is a human androgen receptor (AR) coactivator and proto-oncogene expressed at low levels in normal human reproductive tract tissues and at higher levels in castration-resistant prostate cancer where it is required for androgen-dependent cell growth. In this report, we show that MAGE-A11 is targeted for degradation by human p14-ARF, a tumor suppressor expressed from an alternative reading frame of the p16 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor INK4a/ARF gene. MAGE-A11 degradation by the proteasome was mediated by an interaction with p14-ARF and was independent of lysine ubiquitination. A dose-dependent inverse relationship between MAGE-A11 and p14-ARF correlated with p14-ARF inhibition of the MAGE-A11-induced increase in androgen-dependent AR transcriptional activity and constitutive activity of a splice variant-like AR. Reciprocal stabilization between MAGE-A11 and AR did not protect against degradation promoted by p14-ARF. p14-ARF prevented MAGE-A11 interaction with the E2F1 oncoprotein and inhibited the MAGE-A11-induced increase in E2F1 transcriptional activity. Post-translational down-regulation of MAGE-A11 promoted by p14-ARF was independent of HDM2, the human homologue of mouse double minute 2, an E3 ubiquitin ligase inhibited by p14-ARF. However, MAGE-A11 had a stabilizing effect on HDM2 in the absence or presence of p14-ARF and cooperated with HDM2 to increase E2F1 transcriptional activity in the absence of p14-ARF. We conclude that degradation of MAGE-A11 promoted by the human p14-ARF tumor suppressor contributes to low levels of MAGE-A11 in nontransformed cells and that higher levels of MAGE-A11 associated with low p14-ARF increase AR and E2F1 transcriptional activity and promote the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T Minges
- From the Laboratories for Reproductive Biology, Department of Pediatrics
| | - Gail Grossman
- From the Laboratories for Reproductive Biology, Department of Pediatrics
| | | | - Tal Kafri
- Lentivirus Core Facility, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Gene Therapy Center, and Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and
| | - Elizabeth M Wilson
- From the Laboratories for Reproductive Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
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Hartmann S, Brands RC, Küchler N, Fuchs A, Linz C, Kübler AC, Müller-Richter UDA. Melanoma-associated antigen expression and the efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in head and neck cancer. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:1211-1217. [PMID: 26622654 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma-associated antigen (MAGE) has been identified in a variety of types of cancer. The expression of several MAGE subgroups is correlated with poor prognosis and chemotherapeutic resistance. One target of chemotherapeutic treatment in head and neck cancer is the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in the context of melanoma-associated antigens is discussed in the present study. Five human squamous cell carcinoma cell lines were treated with the EGFR TKIs, erlotinib and gefitinib. The efficacy of these agents was measured using a crystal violet assay. Furthermore, the expression levels of MAGE-A1, -A5, -A8, -A9, -A11 and -A12 were determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The association between TKI efficacy and MAGE-A expression was analyzed by linear regression. The cell lines revealed inhomogeneous expression patterns for the MAGE-A subgroups. Four of the five cell lines demonstrated a good response to erlotinib and gefitinib. However, treatment with erlotinib induced better results than those of gefitinib, and revealed a concentration-dependent effect. The expression of MAGE-A5 and -A11 were significantly correlated with lower efficacy of erlotinib and gefitinib. By contrast, MAGE-A12 was associated with a superior response to these two drugs. One cell line, which expressed all investigated MAGE-A subgroups, was entirely resistant to the two TKIs. These results revealed a notable correlation between MAGE-A5 and -A11 and lower efficacy of EGFR TKIs. Pretreatment analysis of MAGE-A status may therefore aid improvement of chemoprevention using erlotinib and gefitinib in head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Hartmann
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Franconia D-97070, Germany
| | - Roman C Brands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Franconia D-97070, Germany
| | - Nora Küchler
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Franconia D-97070, Germany
| | - Andreas Fuchs
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Franconia D-97070, Germany
| | - Christian Linz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Franconia D-97070, Germany
| | - Alexander C Kübler
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Franconia D-97070, Germany
| | - Urs D A Müller-Richter
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Franconia D-97070, Germany
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James SR, Cedeno CD, Sharma A, Zhang W, Mohler JL, Odunsi K, Wilson EM, Karpf AR. DNA methylation and nucleosome occupancy regulate the cancer germline antigen gene MAGEA11. Epigenetics 2013; 8:849-63. [PMID: 23839233 DOI: 10.4161/epi.25500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MAGEA11 is a cancer germline (CG) antigen and androgen receptor co-activator. Its expression in cancers other than prostate, and its mechanism of activation, has not been reported. In silico analyses reveal that MAGEA11 is frequently expressed in human cancers, is increased during tumor progression, and correlates with poor prognosis and survival. In prostate and epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC), MAGEA11 expression was associated with promoter and global DNA hypomethylation, and with activation of other CG genes. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and/or histone deacetylases (HDACs) activated MAGEA11 in a cell line specific manner. MAGEA11 promoter activity was directly repressed by DNA methylation, and partially depended on Sp1, as pharmacological or genetic targeting of Sp1 reduced MAGEA11 promoter activity and endogenous gene expression. Importantly, DNA methylation regulated nucleosome occupancy specifically at the -1 positioned nucleosome of MAGEA11. Methylation of a single Ets site near the transcriptional start site (TSS) correlated with -1 nucleosome occupancy and, by itself, strongly repressed MAGEA11 promoter activity. Thus, DNA methylation regulates nucleosome occupancy at MAGEA11, and this appears to function cooperatively with sequence-specific transcription factors to regulate gene expression. MAGEA11 regulation is highly instructive for understanding mechanisms regulating CG antigen genes in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smitha R James
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; Buffalo, NY USA
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