1
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Phillips DW, Lloyd A. Unravelling meiosis in wheat. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024. [PMID: 38769736 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Dylan W Phillips
- Department of Life Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Penglais, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3DA, UK
| | - Andrew Lloyd
- Institute of Biological, Environmental & Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3EE, UK
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2
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Smart K, Sharp DJ. The fidgetin family: Shaking things up among the microtubule-severing enzymes. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2024; 81:151-166. [PMID: 37823563 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The microtubule cytoskeleton is required for several crucial cellular processes, including chromosome segregation, cell polarity and orientation, and intracellular transport. These functions rely on microtubule stability and dynamics, which are regulated by microtubule-binding proteins (MTBPs). One such type of regulator is the microtubule-severing enzymes (MSEs), which are ATPases Associated with Diverse Cellular Activities (AAA+ ATPases). The most recently identified family are the fidgetins, which contain three members: fidgetin, fidgetin-like 1 (FL1), and fidgetin-like 2 (FL2). Of the three known MSE families, the fidgetins have the most diverse range of functions in the cell, spanning mitosis/meiosis, development, cell migration, DNA repair, and neuronal function. Furthermore, they offer intriguing novel therapeutic targets for cancer, cardiovascular disease, and wound healing. In the two decades since their first report, there has been great progress in our understanding of the fidgetins; however, there is still much left unknown about this unusual family. This review aims to consolidate the present body of knowledge of the fidgetin family of MSEs and to inspire deeper exploration into the fidgetins and the MSEs as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karishma Smart
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - David J Sharp
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Microcures, Inc., Bronx, New York, USA
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3
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Hou R, Li K, Guo B, Zhao Y, Li C, Tang B, Sun W, Wang B, Chen W, Sheng C, Kan J, Zhao Y, Liu F. Antifungal Compound from the Predatory Bacterium Lysobacter enzymogenes Inhibits a Plant Pathogenic Fungus by Targeting the AAA ATPase VpVeb1. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:15003-15016. [PMID: 37812568 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Heat-stable antifungal factor (HSAF) isolated from Lysobacter enzymogenes is considered a potential biocontrol agent. However, the target of HSAF in phytopathogenic fungi remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the target of HSAF in Valsa pyri that causes fatal pear Valsa canker. Thirty-one HSAF-binding proteins were captured and identified by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and 11 deletion mutants were obtained. Among these mutants, only ΔVpVEB1 showed decreased sensitivity to HSAF. Additionally, ΔVpVEB1 exhibited significantly reduced virulence in V. pyri. Molecular docking and SPR results revealed that HSAF bound to threonine 569 and glycine 570 of VpVeb1, which are crucial for AAA ATPase activity. Another study showed that HSAF could decrease the ATPase activity of VpVeb1, leading to the reduced virulence of V. pyri. Taken together, this study first identified the potential target of HSAF in fungi. These findings will help us better understand the model of action of HSAF to fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxian Hou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Kaihuai Li
- Department of Plant Pathology/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Baodian Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, P. R. China
| | - Chaohui Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, P. R. China
| | - Bao Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, P. R. China
| | - Weibo Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, P. R. China
| | - Bo Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, P. R. China
| | - Wenchan Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, P. R. China
| | - Cong Sheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, P. R. China
| | - Jialiang Kan
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, P. R. China
| | - Yancun Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, P. R. China
| | - Fengquan Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
- Department of Plant Pathology/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, P. R. China
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4
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Zhang Q, Fan J, Xu W, Cao H, Qiu C, Xiong Y, Zhao H, Wang Y, Huang J, Yu C. The FLIP-FIGNL1 complex regulates the dissociation of RAD51/DMC1 in homologous recombination and replication fork restart. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:8606-8622. [PMID: 37439366 PMCID: PMC10484675 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Recruitment of RAD51 and/or DMC1 recombinases to single-strand DNA is indispensable for homology search and strand invasion in homologous recombination (HR) and for protection of nascent DNA strands at stalled replication forks. Thereafter RAD51/DMC1 dissociate, actively or passively, from these joint molecules upon DNA repair or releasing from replication stress. However, the mechanism that regulates RAD51/DMC1 dissociation and its physiological importance remain elusive. Here, we show that a FLIP-FIGNL1 complex regulates RAD51 and DMC1 dissociation to promote meiotic recombination and replication fork restart in mammals. Mice lacking FLIP are embryonic lethal, while germline-specific deletion of FLIP leads to infertility in both males and females. FLIP-null meiocytes are arrested at a zygotene-like stage with massive RAD51 and DMC1 foci, which frequently co-localize with SHOC1 and TEX11. Furthermore, FLIP interacts with FIGNL1. Depletion of FLIP or FIGNL1 in cell lines destabilizes each other and impairs RAD51 dissociation. Thus, the active dissociation of RAD51/DMC1 by the FLIP-FIGNL1 complex is a crucial step required for HR and replication fork restart, and represents a conserved mechanism in somatic cells and germ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianting Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
| | - Jiayi Fan
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huiwen Cao
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Qiu
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
| | - Yi Xiong
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
| | - Huacun Zhao
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics and Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province; Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhejiang, China
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5
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The AAA+ ATPase Msp1 is a processive protein translocase with robust unfoldase activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:14970-14977. [PMID: 32541053 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1920109117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Msp1 is a conserved eukaryotic AAA+ ATPase localized to the outer mitochondrial membrane, where it is thought to extract mislocalized tail-anchored proteins. Despite recent in vivo and in vitro studies supporting this function, a mechanistic understanding of how Msp1 extracts its substrates is still lacking. Msp1's ATPase activity depends on its hexameric state, and previous characterizations of the cytosolic AAA+ domain in vitro had proved challenging due to its monomeric nature in the absence of the transmembrane domain. Here, we used a hexamerization scaffold to study the substrate-processing mechanism of the soluble Msp1 motor, the functional homo-hexameric state of which was confirmed by negative-stain electron microscopy. We demonstrate that Msp1 is a robust bidirectional protein translocase that is able to unfold diverse substrates by processive threading through its central pore. This unfoldase activity is inhibited by Pex3, a membrane protein proposed to regulate Msp1 at the peroxisome.
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6
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Shin SC, Im SK, Jang EH, Jin KS, Hur EM, Kim EE. Structural and Molecular Basis for Katanin-Mediated Severing of Glutamylated Microtubules. Cell Rep 2020; 26:1357-1367.e5. [PMID: 30699360 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Katanin was the first microtubule (MT)-severing enzyme discovered, but how katanin executes MT severing remains poorly understood. Here, we report X-ray crystal structures of the apo and ATPγS-bound states of the catalytic AAA domain of human katanin p60 at 3.0 and 2.9 Å resolution, respectively. Comparison of the two structures reveals conformational changes induced by ATP binding and how such changes ensure hexamer stability. Moreover, we uncover structural details of pore loops (PLs) and show that Arg283, a residue unique to katanin among MT-severing enzymes, protrudes from PL1 and lines the entry of the catalytic pore. Functional studies suggest that PL1 and Arg283 play essential roles in the recognition and remodeling of the glutamylated, C-terminal tubulin tail and regulation of axon growth. In addition, domain-swapping experiments in katanin and spastin suggest that the non-homologous N-terminal region, which contains the MT-interacting and trafficking domain and a linker, confers specificity to the severing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Chul Shin
- Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Kyoung Im
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hae Jang
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Neuroscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Sik Jin
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Kyungbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Hur
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eunice EunKyeong Kim
- Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
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7
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McNally FJ, Roll-Mecak A. Microtubule-severing enzymes: From cellular functions to molecular mechanism. J Cell Biol 2018; 217:4057-4069. [PMID: 30373906 PMCID: PMC6279391 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201612104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
McNally and Roll-Mecak review the molecular mechanism of microtubule-severing enzymes and their diverse roles in processes ranging from cell division to ciliogensis and morphogenesis. Microtubule-severing enzymes generate internal breaks in microtubules. They are conserved in eukaryotes from ciliates to mammals, and their function is important in diverse cellular processes ranging from cilia biogenesis to cell division, phototropism, and neurogenesis. Their mutation leads to neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders in humans. All three known microtubule-severing enzymes, katanin, spastin, and fidgetin, are members of the meiotic subfamily of AAA ATPases that also includes VPS4, which disassembles ESCRTIII polymers. Despite their conservation and importance to cell physiology, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of action of microtubule-severing enzymes are not well understood. Here we review a subset of cellular processes that require microtubule-severing enzymes as well as recent advances in understanding their structure, biophysical mechanism, and regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis J McNally
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Antonina Roll-Mecak
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD .,Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
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8
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Fan X, Lin Z, Fan G, Lu J, Hou Y, Habai G, Sun L, Yu P, Shen Y, Wen M, Wang C. The AAA protein spastin possesses two levels of basal ATPase activity. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:1625-1633. [PMID: 29710391 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The AAA ATPase spastin is a microtubule-severing enzyme that plays important roles in various cellular events including axon regeneration. Herein, we found that the basal ATPase activity of spastin is negatively regulated by spastin concentration. By determining a spastin crystal structure, we demonstrate the necessity of intersubunit interactions between spastin AAA domains. Neutralization of the positive charges in the microtubule-binding domain (MTBD) of spastin dramatically decreases the ATPase activity at low concentration, although the ATP-hydrolyzing potential is not affected. These results demonstrate that, in addition to the AAA domain, the MTBD region of spastin is also involved in regulating ATPase activity, making interactions between spastin protomers more complicated than expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Fan
- Institute of Protein Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijie Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guanghui Fan
- Institute of Protein Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongfei Hou
- Institute of Protein Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gulijiazi Habai
- Institute of Protein Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linyue Sun
- Institute of Protein Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengpeng Yu
- Institute of Protein Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuequan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Maorong Wen
- Institute of Protein Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunguang Wang
- Institute of Protein Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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9
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Fassier C, Fréal A, Gasmi L, Delphin C, Ten Martin D, De Gois S, Tambalo M, Bosc C, Mailly P, Revenu C, Peris L, Bolte S, Schneider-Maunoury S, Houart C, Nothias F, Larcher JC, Andrieux A, Hazan J. Motor axon navigation relies on Fidgetin-like 1-driven microtubule plus end dynamics. J Cell Biol 2018. [PMID: 29535193 PMCID: PMC5940295 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201604108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Fassier et al. identify Fidgetin-like 1 (Fignl1) as a key growth cone (GC)-enriched microtubule (MT)-associated protein in motor circuit wiring. They show that Fignl1 modulates motor GC morphology and steering behavior by down-regulating EB binding at MT plus ends and promoting MT depolymerization beneath the cell cortex. During neural circuit assembly, extrinsic signals are integrated into changes in growth cone (GC) cytoskeleton underlying axon guidance decisions. Microtubules (MTs) were shown to play an instructive role in GC steering. However, the numerous actors required for MT remodeling during axon navigation and their precise mode of action are far from being deciphered. Using loss- and gain-of-function analyses during zebrafish development, we identify in this study the meiotic clade adenosine triphosphatase Fidgetin-like 1 (Fignl1) as a key GC-enriched MT-interacting protein in motor circuit wiring and larval locomotion. We show that Fignl1 controls GC morphology and behavior at intermediate targets by regulating MT plus end dynamics and growth directionality. We further reveal that alternative translation of Fignl1 transcript is a sophisticated mechanism modulating MT dynamics: a full-length isoform regulates MT plus end–tracking protein binding at plus ends, whereas shorter isoforms promote their depolymerization beneath the cell cortex. Our study thus pinpoints Fignl1 as a multifaceted key player in MT remodeling underlying motor circuit connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Fassier
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Université Paris 6, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Unité de Neuroscience Paris Seine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8246, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1130, Paris, France
| | - Amélie Fréal
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Université Paris 6, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Unité de Neuroscience Paris Seine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8246, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1130, Paris, France
| | - Laïla Gasmi
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Université Paris 6, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Unité de Neuroscience Paris Seine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8246, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1130, Paris, France
| | - Christian Delphin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1216, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Daniel Ten Martin
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Université Paris 6, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Unité de Neuroscience Paris Seine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8246, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1130, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie De Gois
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Université Paris 6, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Unité de Neuroscience Paris Seine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8246, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1130, Paris, France
| | - Monica Tambalo
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Université Paris 6, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Unité de Neuroscience Paris Seine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8246, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1130, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Bosc
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1216, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Philippe Mailly
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, Collège de France, Paris, France
| | - Céline Revenu
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Leticia Peris
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1216, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Susanne Bolte
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Université Paris 6, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique FR3631, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Schneider-Maunoury
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Université Paris 6, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Biologie du Développement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR7622, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Houart
- Medical Research Council Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital Campus, London, England, UK
| | - Fatiha Nothias
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Université Paris 6, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Unité de Neuroscience Paris Seine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8246, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1130, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Larcher
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Université Paris 6, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Biologie du Développement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR7622, Paris, France
| | - Annie Andrieux
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1216, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Jamilé Hazan
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Université Paris 6, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Unité de Neuroscience Paris Seine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8246, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1130, Paris, France
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10
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Wohlever ML, Mateja A, McGilvray PT, Day KJ, Keenan RJ. Msp1 Is a Membrane Protein Dislocase for Tail-Anchored Proteins. Mol Cell 2017; 67:194-202.e6. [PMID: 28712723 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mislocalized tail-anchored (TA) proteins of the outer mitochondrial membrane are cleared by a newly identified quality control pathway involving the conserved eukaryotic protein Msp1 (ATAD1 in humans). Msp1 is a transmembrane AAA-ATPase, but its role in TA protein clearance is not known. Here, using purified components reconstituted into proteoliposomes, we show that Msp1 is both necessary and sufficient to drive the ATP-dependent extraction of TA proteins from the membrane. A crystal structure of the Msp1 cytosolic region modeled into a ring hexamer suggests that active Msp1 contains a conserved membrane-facing surface adjacent to a central pore. Structure-guided mutagenesis of the pore residues shows that they are critical for TA protein extraction in vitro and for functional complementation of an msp1 deletion in yeast. Together, these data provide a molecular framework for Msp1-dependent extraction of mislocalized TA proteins from the outer mitochondrial membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Wohlever
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Agnieszka Mateja
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Philip T McGilvray
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Kasey J Day
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, 920 East 58th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Robert J Keenan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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11
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Ye Q, Kim DH, Dereli I, Rosenberg SC, Hagemann G, Herzog F, Tóth A, Cleveland DW, Corbett KD. The AAA+ ATPase TRIP13 remodels HORMA domains through N-terminal engagement and unfolding. EMBO J 2017; 36:2419-2434. [PMID: 28659378 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201797291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins of the conserved HORMA domain family, including the spindle assembly checkpoint protein MAD2 and the meiotic HORMADs, assemble into signaling complexes by binding short peptides termed "closure motifs". The AAA+ ATPase TRIP13 regulates both MAD2 and meiotic HORMADs by disassembling these HORMA domain-closure motif complexes, but its mechanisms of substrate recognition and remodeling are unknown. Here, we combine X-ray crystallography and crosslinking mass spectrometry to outline how TRIP13 recognizes MAD2 with the help of the adapter protein p31comet We show that p31comet binding to the TRIP13 N-terminal domain positions the disordered MAD2 N-terminus for engagement by the TRIP13 "pore loops", which then unfold MAD2 in the presence of ATP N-terminal truncation of MAD2 renders it refractory to TRIP13 action in vitro, and in cells causes spindle assembly checkpoint defects consistent with loss of TRIP13 function. Similar truncation of HORMAD1 in mouse spermatocytes compromises its TRIP13-mediated removal from meiotic chromosomes, highlighting a conserved mechanism for recognition and disassembly of HORMA domain-closure motif complexes by TRIP13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaozhen Ye
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, San Diego Branch, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, San Diego Branch, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ihsan Dereli
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine at the TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Scott C Rosenberg
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, San Diego Branch, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Goetz Hagemann
- Gene Center Munich and Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Franz Herzog
- Gene Center Munich and Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Attila Tóth
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine at the TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Don W Cleveland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, San Diego Branch, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kevin D Corbett
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, San Diego Branch, La Jolla, CA, USA .,Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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12
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Zhang P, Zhang Y, Sun L, Sinumporn S, Yang Z, Sun B, Xuan D, Li Z, Yu P, Wu W, Wang K, Cao L, Cheng S. The Rice AAA-ATPase OsFIGNL1 Is Essential for Male Meiosis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1639. [PMID: 29021797 PMCID: PMC5624289 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Meiosis is crucial in reproduction of plants and ensuring genetic diversity. Although several genes involved in homologous recombination and DNA repair have been reported, their functions in rice (Oryza sativa) male meiosis remain poorly understood. Here, we isolated and characterized the rice OsFIGNL1 (OsFidgetin-like 1) gene, encoding a conserved AAA-ATPase, and explored its function and importance in male meiosis and pollen formation. The rice Osfignl1 mutant exhibited normal vegetative growth, but failed to produce seeds and displayed pollen abortion phenotype. Phenotypic comparisons between the wild-type and Osfignl1 mutant demonstrated that OsFIGNL1 is required for anther development, and that the recessive mutation of this gene causes male sterility in rice. Complementation and CRISPR/Cas9 experiments demonstrated that wild-type OsFIGNL1 is responsible for the male sterility phenotype. Subcellular localization showed that OsFIGNL1-green fluorescent protein was exclusively localized in the nucleus of rice protoplasts. Male meiosis in the Osfignl1 mutant exhibited abnormal chromosome behavior, including chromosome bridges and multivalent chromosomes at diakinesis, lagging chromosomes, and chromosome fragments during meiosis. Yeast two-hybrid assays demonstrated OsFIGNL1 could interact with RAD51A1, RAD51A2, DMC1A, DMC1B, and these physical interactions were further confirmed by BiFC assay. Taken together, our results suggest that OsFIGNL1 plays an important role in regulation of male meiosis and anther development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lianping Sun
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sittipun Sinumporn
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengfu Yang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Xuan
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zihe Li
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weixun Wu
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kejian Wang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liyong Cao
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Liyong Cao, Shihua Cheng,
| | - Shihua Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Liyong Cao, Shihua Cheng,
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13
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Zhao X, Jin M, Wang M, Sun L, Hong X, Cao Y, Wang C. Fidgetin-like 1 is a ciliogenesis-inhibitory centrosome protein. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:2367-75. [PMID: 27384458 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1204059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fidgetin-like 1 (FIGL-1) is a homolog of fidgetin, an AAA protein that was identified as the protein encoded by the gene mutated in fidget mice. Because the phenotypes of fidget mice are reminiscent of the phenotypes of ciliopathy diseases, and because fidgetin has microtubule-severing activity, we hypothesize that these proteins participate in cilia-related processes. Indeed, overexpression of FIGL-1 interfered with ciliogenesis in cultured cells. In particular, overexpressed FIGL-1 strongly accumulated at the centrosome, and, when highly expressed, perturbed the localization of centrosomal proteins such as pericentrin, CP110, and centrin. Using a polyclonal antibody against human FIGL-1, we found that endogenous FIGL-1 localized preferentially around the mother centriole. Consistently, depletion of FIGL-1 by shRNA treatment enhanced ciliogenesis in HEK293T cells. By checking the integrity of the cytoplasmic microtubule network in FIGL-1-overexpressing cells, we found that FIGL-1 probably has microtubule-severing activity, as suggested by its sequence homology with other microtubule-severing proteins. Furthermore, we showed that overexpression of FIGL-1 in zebrafish embryo decreased the length of cilia and perturbed the heart laterality. Taken together, these results demonstrate that FIGL-1 is a new centrosomal protein and inhibits ciliogenesis. These results extend the already long list of centrosomal proteins and provide new insights into the regulation of ciliogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhao
- a Department of Central Laboratory , Shanghai 10th People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University , Shanghai , China
| | - Miaomiao Jin
- a Department of Central Laboratory , Shanghai 10th People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University , Shanghai , China
| | - Mengzhu Wang
- a Department of Central Laboratory , Shanghai 10th People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University , Shanghai , China
| | - Lili Sun
- a Department of Central Laboratory , Shanghai 10th People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University , Shanghai , China
| | - Xuejiao Hong
- a Department of Central Laboratory , Shanghai 10th People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University , Shanghai , China
| | - Ying Cao
- a Department of Central Laboratory , Shanghai 10th People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University , Shanghai , China
| | - Chunguang Wang
- a Department of Central Laboratory , Shanghai 10th People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University , Shanghai , China
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14
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Monroe N, Hill CP. Meiotic Clade AAA ATPases: Protein Polymer Disassembly Machines. J Mol Biol 2015; 428:1897-911. [PMID: 26555750 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Meiotic clade AAA ATPases (ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities), which were initially grouped on the basis of phylogenetic classification of their AAA ATPase cassette, include four relatively well characterized family members, Vps4, spastin, katanin and fidgetin. These enzymes all function to disassemble specific polymeric protein structures, with Vps4 disassembling the ESCRT-III polymers that are central to the many membrane-remodeling activities of the ESCRT (endosomal sorting complexes required for transport) pathway and spastin, katanin p60 and fidgetin affecting multiple aspects of cellular dynamics by severing microtubules. They share a common domain architecture that features an N-terminal MIT (microtubule interacting and trafficking) domain followed by a single AAA ATPase cassette. Meiotic clade AAA ATPases function as hexamers that can cycle between the active assembly and inactive monomers/dimers in a regulated process, and they appear to disassemble their polymeric substrates by translocating subunits through the central pore of their hexameric ring. Recent studies with Vps4 have shown that nucleotide-induced asymmetry is a requirement for substrate binding to the pore loops and that recruitment to the protein lattice via MIT domains also relieves autoinhibition and primes the AAA ATPase cassettes for substrate binding. The most striking, unifying feature of meiotic clade AAA ATPases may be their MIT domain, which is a module that is found in a wide variety of proteins that localize to ESCRT-III polymers. Spastin also displays an adjacent microtubule binding sequence, and the presence of both ESCRT-III and microtubule binding elements may underlie the recent findings that the ESCRT-III disassembly function of Vps4 and the microtubule-severing function of spastin, as well as potentially katanin and fidgetin, are highly coordinated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Monroe
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-5650, USA
| | - Christopher P Hill
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-5650, USA.
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15
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Girard C, Chelysheva L, Choinard S, Froger N, Macaisne N, Lehmemdi A, Mazel J, Crismani W, Mercier R. AAA-ATPase FIDGETIN-LIKE 1 and Helicase FANCM Antagonize Meiotic Crossovers by Distinct Mechanisms. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005369. [PMID: 26161528 PMCID: PMC4498898 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Meiotic crossovers (COs) generate genetic diversity and are critical for the correct completion of meiosis in most species. Their occurrence is tightly constrained but the mechanisms underlying this limitation remain poorly understood. Here we identified the conserved AAA-ATPase FIDGETIN-LIKE-1 (FIGL1) as a negative regulator of meiotic CO formation. We show that Arabidopsis FIGL1 limits CO formation genome-wide, that FIGL1 controls dynamics of the two conserved recombinases DMC1 and RAD51 and that FIGL1 hinders the interaction between homologous chromosomes, suggesting that FIGL1 counteracts DMC1/RAD51-mediated inter-homologue strand invasion to limit CO formation. Further, depleting both FIGL1 and the previously identified anti-CO helicase FANCM synergistically increases crossover frequency. Additionally, we showed that the effect of mutating FANCM on recombination is much lower in F1 hybrids contrasting from the phenotype of inbred lines, while figl1 mutation equally increases crossovers in both contexts. This shows that the modes of action of FIGL1 and FANCM are differently affected by genomic contexts. We propose that FIGL1 and FANCM represent two successive barriers to CO formation, one limiting strand invasion, the other disassembling D-loops to promote SDSA, which when both lifted, leads to a large increase of crossovers, without impairing meiotic progression. Sexually reproducing species produce offspring that are genetically unique from one another, despite having the same parents. This uniqueness is created by meiosis, which is a specialized cell division. After meiosis each parent transmits half of their DNA, but each time this occurs, the 'half portion' of DNA transmitted to offspring is different from the previous. The differences are due to resorting the parental chromosomes, but also recombining them. Here we describe a gene—FIDGETIN-LIKE 1—which limits the amount of recombination that occurs during meiosis. Previously we identified a gene with a similar function, FANCM. FIGL1 and FANCM operate through distinct mechanisms. This discovery will be useful to understand more, from an evolutionary perspective, why recombination is naturally limited. Also this has potentially significant applications for plant breeding which is largely about sampling many 'recombinants' to find individuals that have heritable advantages compared to their parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Girard
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
| | - Liudmila Chelysheva
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
| | - Sandrine Choinard
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
| | - Nicole Froger
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
| | - Nicolas Macaisne
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
| | - Afef Lehmemdi
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
| | - Julien Mazel
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
| | - Wayne Crismani
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
- * E-mail: (WC); (RM)
| | - Raphael Mercier
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
- * E-mail: (WC); (RM)
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Pattanayek R, Xu Y, Lamichhane A, Johnson CH, Egli M. An arginine tetrad as mediator of input-dependent and input-independent ATPases in the clock protein KaiC. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA. SECTION D, BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 2014; 70:1375-90. [PMID: 24816106 PMCID: PMC4722857 DOI: 10.1107/s1399004714003228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A post-translational oscillator (PTO) composed of the proteins KaiA, KaiB and KaiC is at the heart of the cyanobacterial circadian clock. KaiC interacts with KaiA and KaiB over the daily cycle, and CII domains undergo rhythmic phosphorylation/dephosphorylation with a 24 h period. Both the N-terminal (CI) and C-terminal (CII) rings of KaiC exhibit ATPase activity. The CI ATPase proceeds in an input-independent fashion, but the CII ATPase is subject to metabolic input signals. The crystal structure of KaiC from Thermosynechococcus elongatus allows insight into the different anatomies of the CI and CII ATPases. Four consecutive arginines in CI (Arg linker) that connect the P-loop, CI subunits and CI and CII at the ring interface are primary candidates for the coordination of the CI and CII activities. The mutation of linker residues alters the period or triggers arhythmic behavior. Comparison between the CI and CII structures also reveals differences in loop regions that are key to KaiA and KaiB binding and activation of CII ATPase and kinase. Common packing features in KaiC crystals shed light on the KaiB-KaiC interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Pattanayek
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Yao Xu
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 35235, USA
| | - Aashish Lamichhane
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Carl H. Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 35235, USA
| | - Martin Egli
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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