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Zhao J, Zhang Y, Li W, Yao M, Liu C, Zhang Z, Wang C, Wang X, Meng K. Research progress of the Fanconi anemia pathway and premature ovarian insufficiency†. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:570-585. [PMID: 37669135 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Fanconi anemia pathway is a key pathway involved in the repair of deoxyribonucleic acidinterstrand crosslinking damage, which chiefly includes the following four modules: lesion recognition, Fanconi anemia core complex recruitment, FANCD2-FANCI complex monoubiquitination, and downstream events (nucleolytic incision, translesion synthesis, and homologous recombination). Mutations or deletions of multiple Fanconi anemia genes in this pathway can damage the interstrand crosslinking repair pathway and disrupt primordial germ cell development and oocyte meiosis, thereby leading to abnormal follicular development. Premature ovarian insufficiency is a gynecological clinical syndrome characterized by amenorrhea and decreased fertility due to decreased oocyte pool, accelerated follicle atresia, and loss of ovarian function in women <40 years old. Furthermore, in recent years, several studies have detected mutations in the Fanconi anemia gene in patients with premature ovarian insufficiency. In addition, some patients with Fanconi anemia exhibit symptoms of premature ovarian insufficiency and infertility. The Fanconi anemia pathway and premature ovarian insufficiency are closely associated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- College of Second Clinical Medical, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- College of Second Clinical Medical, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Wenbo Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- College of Second Clinical Medical, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Mengmeng Yao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- College of Second Clinical Medical, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Chuqi Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- College of Second Clinical Medical, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Zihan Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- College of Second Clinical Medical, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Caiqin Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- College of Second Clinical Medical, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Kai Meng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Lin He's Academician Workstation of New Medicine and Clinical Translation, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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Zheng C, Ren Z, Chen H, Yuan X, Suye S, Yin H, Fu C. Reduced FANCE Confers Genomic Instability and Malignant Behavior by Regulating Cell Cycle Progression in Endometrial Cancer. J Cancer 2023; 14:2670-2685. [PMID: 37779877 PMCID: PMC10539389 DOI: 10.7150/jca.86348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Fanconi anemia complementation group E (FANCE) is a subunit of fanconi anemia (FA) pathway and plays a key role in repairing DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs) damage. We investigate detailed functions and mechanisms of FANCE in endometrial cancer (EC). Methods: FANCE protein and RNA expression in EC and non-cancerous tissues were detected by Western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays. Using lentiviral transfection and siRNA interference techniques, we constructed overexpressing FANCE (OE-FANCE) and FANCE-knockdown (FANCE-KD) EC cells. We then investigated DNA damage repair capacity of FANCE in EC cells including comet assay and γH2AX immunofluorescence assay. In vitro assays including CCK8, EDU and colony formation for chemoresistance and proliferation, transwell assay for metastasis were performed. Flow cytometer assay, cell cycle synchronization for cell cycle progression and EC cells RNA sequencing were determined. Finally, in vivo mouse models were used to detect tumor growth. Results: We found FANCE RNA and protein expression was significantly decreased in endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EAC) compared with normal and atypical hyperplasia endometrium. FANCE promoted the repair of ICL damage and double-strand break (DSB) in OE-FANCE EC cells. Furthermore, FANCE increased drug resistance in OE-FANCE EC cells by upregulating FA pathway and homologous recombination (HR) associated proteins. FANCE inhibited cell proliferation and metastasis through G2/M cell cycle arrest in vitro and vivo. FANCE participated in regulating several pathways. Conclusion: The study demonstrates the reduction of FANCE expression leads to genomic instability, thereby promoting the development of EC by regulating cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Chun Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
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Mu W, Guo L, Liu Y, Yang H, Ning S, Lv G. Long Noncoding RNA SNHG1 Regulates LMNB2 Expression by Sponging miR-326 and Promotes Cancer Growth in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:784067. [PMID: 34917510 PMCID: PMC8670182 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.784067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study is to explore the potential competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network and investigate the molecular mechanism of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. METHODS By analyzing the data of HCC in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we included differentially expressed lncRNA and microRNA (miRNA) profiles and constructed ceRNA networks related to the prognosis of HCC patients. qRT-PCR, Western blotting, 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), transwell assay, and the nude mouse model were employed to test the effects of SNHG1 and LMNB2 on tumor proliferation and growth in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS In the study, we identified 115 messenger RNAs (mRNAs), 12 lncRNAs, and 37 miRNAs by intersecting differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in TCGA and StarBase databases. Then, SNHG1-miR-326-LMNB2 pathway came into notice after further survival analysis and hub gene screening. Our results showed that SNHG1 expression was upregulated significantly in HCC tissues and cell lines. Downregulation of both LMNB2, the target of miR-326 in HCC, and SNHG1 inhibited tumor proliferation and growth in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, SNHG1 could regulate LMNB2 expression through binding to miR-326 in HCC cell lines. CONCLUSION SNHG1 is a promising prognostic factor in HCC, and the SNHG1-miR-326-LMNB2 axis may be a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Mu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lingyu Guo
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taian City Central Hospital of Shandong Province, Tai'an, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shanglei Ning
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guoyue Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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4
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Yu XH, Liu SY, Li CF. TGF-β2-induced NEAT1 regulates lens epithelial cell proliferation, migration and EMT by the miR-26a-5p/FANCE axis. Int J Ophthalmol 2021; 14:1674-1682. [PMID: 34804856 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2021.11.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the regulatory mechanism of nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) in the pathogenesis of posterior capsule opacification (PCO). METHODS Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was executed to analyze NEAT1 and microRNA (miR)-26a-5p expression in transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2)-disposed lens epithelial cells (LECs). The proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and migration of TGF-β2-disposed LECs were evaluated. The relationship between NEAT1 or fanconi anemia (FA) complementation group E (FANCE) and miR-26a-5p was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS TGF-β2 induced NEAT1 expression in LECs. NEAT1 inhibition accelerated apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, decreased proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and migration of TGF-β2-disposed LECs. NEAT1 sponged miR-26a-5p to further regulate FANCE expression. Rescue experiments presented that miR-26a-5p downregulation overturned NEAT1 silencing-mediated impacts on TGF-β2-disposed LEC biological behaviors. Additionally, FANCE overexpression reversed miR-26a-5p mimic-mediated impacts on TGF-β2-disposed LEC biological behaviors. CONCLUSION TGF-β2-induced NEAT1 facilitates LEC proliferation, migration, and EMT by upregulating FANCE via sequestering miR-26a-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shao-Yi Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Cheng-Fang Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Qingdao Hiser Hospital), Qingdao 266033, Shandong Province, China
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Sharp MF, Bythell-Douglas R, Deans AJ, Crismani W. The Fanconi anemia ubiquitin E3 ligase complex as an anti-cancer target. Mol Cell 2021; 81:2278-2289. [PMID: 33984284 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Agents that induce DNA damage can cure some cancers. However, the side effects of chemotherapy are severe because of the indiscriminate action of DNA-damaging agents on both healthy and cancerous cells. DNA repair pathway inhibition provides a less toxic and targeted alternative to chemotherapy. A compelling DNA repair target is the Fanconi anemia (FA) E3 ligase core complex due to its critical-and likely singular-role in the efficient removal of specific DNA lesions. FA pathway inactivation has been demonstrated to specifically kill some types of cancer cells without the addition of exogenous DNA damage, including cells that lack BRCA1, BRCA2, ATM, or functionally related genes. In this perspective, we discuss the genetic and biochemical evidence in support of the FA core complex as a compelling drug target for cancer therapy. In particular, we discuss the genetic, biochemical, and structural data that could rapidly advance our capacity to identify and implement the use of FA core complex inhibitors in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Sharp
- Genome Stability Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Rohan Bythell-Douglas
- Genome Stability Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew J Deans
- Genome Stability Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine (St. Vincent's), University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Wayne Crismani
- Genome Stability Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine (St. Vincent's), University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia.
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Abstract
DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs) covalently connect the two strands of the double helix and are extremely cytotoxic. Defective ICL repair causes the bone marrow failure and cancer predisposition syndrome, Fanconi anemia, and upregulation of repair causes chemotherapy resistance in cancer. The central event in ICL repair involves resolving the cross-link (unhooking). In this review, we discuss the chemical diversity of ICLs generated by exogenous and endogenous agents. We then describe how proliferating and nonproliferating vertebrate cells unhook ICLs. We emphasize fundamentally new unhooking strategies, dramatic progress in the structural analysis of the Fanconi anemia pathway, and insights into how cells govern the choice between different ICL repair pathways. Throughout, we highlight the many gaps that remain in our knowledge of these fascinating DNA repair pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Semlow
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA; .,Current affiliation: Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Johannes C Walter
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA; .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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7
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Structure of the FA core ubiquitin ligase closing the ID clamp on DNA. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2021; 28:300-309. [PMID: 33686268 PMCID: PMC8378520 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-021-00568-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway is essential for the repair of DNA interstrand crosslinks. Central to the pathway is the FA core complex, a ubiquitin ligase of nine subunits that monoubiquitinates the FANCI-FANCD2 (ID) DNA clamp. The 3.1 Å structure of the 1.1-MDa human FA core complex, described here, reveals an asymmetric assembly with two copies of all but the FANCC, FANCE and FANCF subunits. The asymmetry is crucial, as it prevents the binding of a second FANCC-FANCE-FANCF subcomplex that inhibits the recruitment of the UBE2T ubiquitin conjugating enzyme, and instead creates an ID binding site. A single active site then ubiquitinates FANCD2 and FANCI sequentially. We also present the 4.2-Å structures of the human core-UBE2T-ID-DNA complex in three conformations captured during monoubiquitination. They reveal the core-UBE2T complex remodeling the ID-DNA complex, closing the clamp on the DNA before ubiquitination. Monoubiquitination then prevents clamp opening after release from the core.
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8
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Jeong E, Lee SG, Kim HS, Yang J, Shin J, Kim Y, Kim J, Schärer OD, Kim Y, Yeo JE, Kim HM, Cho Y. Structural basis of the fanconi anemia-associated mutations within the FANCA and FANCG complex. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:3328-3342. [PMID: 32002546 PMCID: PMC7102982 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoubiquitination of the Fanconi anemia complementation group D2 (FANCD2) protein by the FA core ubiquitin ligase complex is the central event in the FA pathway. FANCA and FANCG play major roles in the nuclear localization of the FA core complex. Mutations of these two genes are the most frequently observed genetic alterations in FA patients, and most point mutations in FANCA are clustered in the C-terminal domain (CTD). To understand the basis of the FA-associated FANCA mutations, we determined the cryo-electron microscopy (EM) structures of Xenopus laevis FANCA alone at 3.35 Å and 3.46 Å resolution and two distinct FANCA–FANCG complexes at 4.59 and 4.84 Å resolution, respectively. The FANCA CTD adopts an arc-shaped solenoid structure that forms a pseudo-symmetric dimer through its outer surface. FA- and cancer-associated point mutations are widely distributed over the CTD. The two different complex structures capture independent interactions of FANCG with either FANCA C-terminal HEAT repeats, or the N-terminal region. We show that mutations that disturb either of these two interactions prevent the nuclear localization of FANCA, thereby leading to an FA pathway defect. The structure provides insights into the function of FANCA CTD, and provides a framework for understanding FA- and cancer-associated mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunyoung Jeong
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Lee
- Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of Medical Science & Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Suk Kim
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyeon Yang
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoo Shin
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngran Kim
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihan Kim
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Orlando D Schärer
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjin Kim
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Yeo
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Min Kim
- Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of Medical Science & Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunje Cho
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
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Shakeel S, Rajendra E, Alcón P, O'Reilly F, Chorev DS, Maslen S, Degliesposti G, Russo CJ, He S, Hill CH, Skehel JM, Scheres SHW, Patel KJ, Rappsilber J, Robinson CV, Passmore LA. Structure of the Fanconi anaemia monoubiquitin ligase complex. Nature 2019; 575:234-237. [PMID: 31666700 PMCID: PMC6858856 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1703-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Fanconi anaemia (FA) pathway repairs DNA damage caused by endogenous and chemotherapy-induced DNA crosslinks, and responds to replication stress1,2. Genetic inactivation of this pathway by mutation of genes encoding FA complementation group (FANC) proteins impairs development, prevents blood production and promotes cancer1,3. The key molecular step in the FA pathway is the monoubiquitination of a pseudosymmetric heterodimer of FANCD2-FANCI4,5 by the FA core complex-a megadalton multiprotein E3 ubiquitin ligase6,7. Monoubiquitinated FANCD2 then recruits additional protein factors to remove the DNA crosslink or to stabilize the stalled replication fork. A molecular structure of the FA core complex would explain how it acts to maintain genome stability. Here we reconstituted an active, recombinant FA core complex, and used cryo-electron microscopy and mass spectrometry to determine its structure. The FA core complex comprises two central dimers of the FANCB and FA-associated protein of 100 kDa (FAAP100) subunits, flanked by two copies of the RING finger subunit, FANCL. These two heterotrimers act as a scaffold to assemble the remaining five subunits, resulting in an extended asymmetric structure. Destabilization of the scaffold would disrupt the entire complex, resulting in a non-functional FA pathway. Thus, the structure provides a mechanistic basis for the low numbers of patients with mutations in FANCB, FANCL and FAAP100. Despite a lack of sequence homology, FANCB and FAAP100 adopt similar structures. The two FANCL subunits are in different conformations at opposite ends of the complex, suggesting that each FANCL has a distinct role. This structural and functional asymmetry of dimeric RING finger domains may be a general feature of E3 ligases. The cryo-electron microscopy structure of the FA core complex provides a foundation for a detailed understanding of its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and DNA interstrand crosslink repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pablo Alcón
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Francis O'Reilly
- Bioanalytics, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dror S Chorev
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah Maslen
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Shaoda He
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Chris H Hill
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | - Juri Rappsilber
- Bioanalytics, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Carol V Robinson
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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10
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Chandrasekharappa SC, Chinn SB, Donovan FX, Chowdhury NI, Kamat A, Adeyemo AA, Thomas JW, Vemulapalli M, Hussey CS, Reid HH, Mullikin JC, Wei Q, Sturgis EM. Assessing the spectrum of germline variation in Fanconi anemia genes among patients with head and neck carcinoma before age 50. Cancer 2017; 123:3943-3954. [PMID: 28678401 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.30802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with Fanconi anemia (FA) have an increased risk for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The authors sought to determine the prevalence of undiagnosed FA and FA carriers among patients with HNSCC as well as an age cutoff for FA genetic screening. METHODS Germline DNA samples from 417 patients with HNSCC aged <50 years were screened for sequence variants by targeted next-generation sequencing of the entire length of 16 FA genes. RESULTS The sequence revealed 194 FA gene variants in 185 patients (44%). The variant spectrum was comprised of 183 nonsynonymous point mutations, 9 indels, 1 large deletion, and 1 synonymous variant that was predicted to effect splicing. One hundred eight patients (26%) had at least 1 rare variant that was predicted to be damaging, and 57 (14%) had at least 1 rare variant that was predicted to be damaging and had been previously reported. Fifteen patients carried 2 rare variants or an X-linked variant in an FA gene. Overall, an age cutoff for FA screening was not identified among young patients with HNSCC, because there were no significant differences in mutation rates when patients were stratified by age, tumor site, ethnicity, smoking status, or human papillomavirus status. However, an increased burden, or mutation load, of FA gene variants was observed in carriers of the genes FA complementation group D2 (FANCD2), FANCE, and FANCL in the HNSCC patient cohort relative to the 1000 Genomes population. CONCLUSIONS FA germline functional variants offer a novel area of study in HNSCC tumorigenesis. FANCE and FANCL, which are components of the core complex, are known to be responsible for the recruitment and ubiquitination, respectively, of FANCD2, a critical step in the FA DNA repair pathway. In the current cohort, the increased mutation load of FANCD2, FANCE, and FANCL variants among younger patients with HNSCC indicates the importance of the FA pathway in HNSCC. Cancer 2017;123:3943-54. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Settara C Chandrasekharappa
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Steven B Chinn
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Frank X Donovan
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Naweed I Chowdhury
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Aparna Kamat
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Adebowale A Adeyemo
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - James W Thomas
- Intramural Sequencing Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Meghana Vemulapalli
- Intramural Sequencing Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Caroline S Hussey
- The University of Texas Health Science Center School of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Holly H Reid
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas Health Science Center School of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - James C Mullikin
- Intramural Sequencing Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Qingyi Wei
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Erich M Sturgis
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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11
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Swuec P, Renault L, Borg A, Shah F, Murphy VJ, van Twest S, Snijders AP, Deans AJ, Costa A. The FA Core Complex Contains a Homo-dimeric Catalytic Module for the Symmetric Mono-ubiquitination of FANCI-FANCD2. Cell Rep 2016; 18:611-623. [PMID: 27986592 PMCID: PMC5266791 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the main DNA interstrand crosslink repair pathway in higher eukaryotes requires mono-ubiquitination of FANCI and FANCD2 by FANCL, the E3 ligase subunit of the Fanconi anemia core complex. FANCI and FANCD2 form a stable complex; however, the molecular basis of their ubiquitination is ill defined. FANCD2 mono-ubiquitination by FANCL is stimulated by the presence of the FANCB and FAAP100 core complex components, through an unknown mechanism. How FANCI mono-ubiquitination is achieved remains unclear. Here, we use structural electron microscopy, combined with crosslink-coupled mass spectrometry, to find that FANCB, FANCL, and FAAP100 form a dimer of trimers, containing two FANCL molecules that are ideally poised to target both FANCI and FANCD2 for mono-ubiquitination. The FANCC-FANCE-FANCF subunits bridge between FANCB-FANCL-FAAP100 and the FANCI-FANCD2 substrate. A transient interaction with FANCC-FANCE-FANCF alters the FANCI-FANCD2 configuration, stabilizing the dimerization interface. Our data provide a model to explain how equivalent mono-ubiquitination of FANCI and FANCD2 occurs. FANCB, FANCL, and FAAP100 form a symmetric dimer of trimers FANCL is ideally poised for the symmetric mono-ubiquitination of FANCI-FANCD2 Two separate FANCC-FANCE-FANCF complexes bind to the opposing poles of FANCB-FANCL-FAAP100 FANCC-FANCE-FANCF stabilizes FANCI-FANCD2 for efficient mono-ubiquitination
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Swuec
- Macromolecular Machines Laboratory, Clare Hall Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, EN6 3LD, UK
| | - Ludovic Renault
- Macromolecular Machines Laboratory, Clare Hall Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, EN6 3LD, UK
| | - Aaron Borg
- Mass Spectrometry Proteomics and Metabolomics, Clare Hall Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, EN6 3LD, UK
| | - Fenil Shah
- Genome Stability Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes St Fitzroy, Victoria, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Vincent J Murphy
- Genome Stability Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes St Fitzroy, Victoria, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Sylvie van Twest
- Genome Stability Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes St Fitzroy, Victoria, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Ambrosius P Snijders
- Mass Spectrometry Proteomics and Metabolomics, Clare Hall Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, EN6 3LD, UK
| | - Andrew J Deans
- Genome Stability Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes St Fitzroy, Victoria, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Alessandro Costa
- Macromolecular Machines Laboratory, Clare Hall Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, EN6 3LD, UK.
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Swuec P, Costa A. DNA replication and inter-strand crosslink repair: Symmetric activation of dimeric nanomachines? Biophys Chem 2016; 225:15-19. [PMID: 27989548 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Eukaryotic DNA replication initiation and the Fanconi anemia pathway of interstrand crosslink repair both revolve around the recruitment of a set of DNA-processing factors onto a dimeric protein complex, which functions as a loading platform (MCM and FANCI-FANCD2 respectively). Here we compare and contrast the two systems, identifying a set of unresolved mechanistic questions. How is the dimeric loading platform assembled on the DNA? How can equivalent covalent modification of both factors in a dimer be achieved? Are multicomponent DNA-interacting machines built symmetrically around their dimeric loading platform? Recent biochemical reconstitution studies are starting to shed light on these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Swuec
- Macromolecular Machines Laboratory, Clare Hall Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, EN6 3LD, UK
| | - Alessandro Costa
- Macromolecular Machines Laboratory, Clare Hall Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, EN6 3LD, UK.
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13
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Fu C, Begum K, Jordan PW, He Y, Overbeek PA. Dearth and Delayed Maturation of Testicular Germ Cells in Fanconi Anemia E Mutant Male Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159800. [PMID: 27486799 PMCID: PMC4972424 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
After using a self-inactivating lentivirus for non-targeted insertional mutagenesis in mice, we identified a transgenic family with a recessive mutation that resulted in reduced fertility in homozygous transgenic mice. The lentiviral integration site was amplified by inverse PCR. Sequencing revealed that integration had occurred in intron 8 of the mouse Fance gene, which encodes the Fanconi anemia E (Fance) protein. Fanconi anemia (FA) proteins play pivotal roles in cellular responses to DNA damage and Fance acts as a molecular bridge between the FA core complex and Fancd2. To investigate the reduced fertility in the mutant males, we analyzed postnatal development of testicular germ cells. At one week after birth, most tubules in the mutant testes contained few or no germ cells. Over the next 2–3 weeks, germ cells accumulated in a limited number of tubules, so that some tubules contained germ cells around the full periphery of the tubule. Once sufficient numbers of germ cells had accumulated, they began to undergo the later stages of spermatogenesis. Immunoassays revealed that the Fancd2 protein accumulated around the periphery of the nucleus in normal developing spermatocytes, but we did not detect a similar localization of Fancd2 in the Fance mutant testes. Our assays indicate that although Fance mutant males are germ cell deficient at birth, the extant germ cells can proliferate and, if they reach a threshold density, can differentiate into mature sperm. Analogous to previous studies of FA genes in mice, our results show that the Fance protein plays an important, but not absolutely essential, role in the initial developmental expansion of the male germ line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Khurshida Begum
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, United States of America
| | - Philip W. Jordan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, United States of America
| | - Yan He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Paul A. Overbeek
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, United States of America
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14
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Dong H, Nebert DW, Bruford EA, Thompson DC, Joenje H, Vasiliou V. Update of the human and mouse Fanconi anemia genes. Hum Genomics 2015; 9:32. [PMID: 26596371 PMCID: PMC4657327 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-015-0054-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a recessively inherited disease manifesting developmental abnormalities, bone marrow failure, and increased risk of malignancies. Whereas FA has been studied for nearly 90 years, only in the last 20 years have increasing numbers of genes been implicated in the pathogenesis associated with this genetic disease. To date, 19 genes have been identified that encode Fanconi anemia complementation group proteins, all of which are named or aliased, using the root symbol “FANC.” Fanconi anemia subtype (FANC) proteins function in a common DNA repair pathway called “the FA pathway,” which is essential for maintaining genomic integrity. The various FANC mutant proteins contribute to distinct steps associated with FA pathogenesis. Herein, we provide a review update of the 19 human FANC and their mouse orthologs, an evolutionary perspective on the FANC genes, and the functional significance of the FA DNA repair pathway in association with clinical disorders. This is an example of a set of genes––known to exist in vertebrates, invertebrates, plants, and yeast––that are grouped together on the basis of shared biochemical and physiological functions, rather than evolutionary phylogeny, and have been named on this basis by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Dong
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College St, New Haven, CT, 06250, USA
| | - Daniel W Nebert
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0056, USA
| | - Elspeth A Bruford
- HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC), European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hinxton, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - David C Thompson
- Department of Clinical Practice, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Hans Joenje
- Department of Clinical Genetics and the Cancer Center Amsterdam/VUmc Institute for Cancer and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, NL-1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vasilis Vasiliou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College St, New Haven, CT, 06250, USA.
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15
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Clark DW, Tripathi K, Dorsman JC, Palle K. FANCJ protein is important for the stability of FANCD2/FANCI proteins and protects them from proteasome and caspase-3 dependent degradation. Oncotarget 2015; 6:28816-32. [PMID: 26336824 PMCID: PMC4745694 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare genome instability syndrome with progressive bone marrow failure and cancer susceptibility. FANCJ is one of 17 genes mutated in FA-patients, comprises a DNA helicase that is vital for properly maintaining genomic stability and is known to function in the FA-BRCA DNA repair pathway. While exact role(s) of FANCJ in this repair process is yet to be determined, it is known to interact with primary effector FANCD2. However, FANCJ is not required for FANCD2 activation but is important for its ability to fully respond to DNA damage. In this report, we determined that transient depletion of FANCJ adversely affects stability of FANCD2 and its co-regulator FANCI in multiple cell lines. Loss of FANCJ does not significantly alter cell cycle progression or FANCD2 transcription. However, in the absence of FANCJ, the majority of FANCD2 is degraded by both the proteasome and Caspase-3 dependent mechanism. FANCJ is capable of complexing with and stabilizing FANCD2 even in the absence of a functional helicase domain. Furthermore, our data demonstrate that FANCJ is important for FANCD2 stability and proper activation of DNA damage responses to replication blocks induced by hydroxyurea.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W. Clark
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Kaushlendra Tripathi
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Josephine C. Dorsman
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Section Oncogenetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Komaraiah Palle
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
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16
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Regulation of Fanconi anemia protein FANCD2 monoubiquitination by miR-302. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 466:180-5. [PMID: 26343459 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.08.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a recessively inherited multigene disease characterized by congenital defects, progressive bone marrow failure, and heightened cancer susceptibility. Monoubiquitination of the FA pathway member FANCD2 contributes to the repair of replication stalling DNA lesions. However, cellular regulation of FANCD2 monoubiquitination remains poorly understood. In the present study, we identified the miR-302 cluster as a potential regulator of FANCD2 by bioinformatics analysis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are the major posttranscriptional regulators of a wide variety of biological processes, and have been implicated in a number of diseases. Expression of the exogenous miR-302 cluster (without miR-367) reduced FANCD2 monoubiquitination and nuclear foci formation. Furthermore, miR-302 cells showed extensive chromosomal breakage upon MMC treatment when compared to mock control cells. Taken together, our results suggest that overexpression of miR-302 plays a critical role in the regulation of FANCD2 monoubiquitination, resulting in characteristic defects in DNA repair within cells.
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17
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Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare recessive genetic disease characterized by congenital abnormalities, bone marrow failure and heightened cancer susceptibility in early adulthood. FA is caused by biallelic germ-line mutation of any one of 16 genes. While several functions for the FA proteins have been ascribed, the prevailing hypothesis is that the FA proteins function cooperatively in the FA-BRCA pathway to repair damaged DNA. A pivotal step in the activation of the FA-BRCA pathway is the monoubiquitination of the FANCD2 and FANCI proteins. Despite their importance for DNA repair, the domain structure, regulation, and function of FANCD2 and FANCI remain poorly understood. In this review, we provide an overview of our current understanding of FANCD2 and FANCI, with an emphasis on their posttranslational modification and common and unique functions.
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Key Words
- AML , acute myeloid leukemia
- APC/C, anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome
- APH, aphidicolin
- ARM, armadillo repeat domain
- AT, ataxia-telangiectasia
- ATM, ataxia-telangiectasia mutated
- ATR, ATM and Rad3-related
- BAC, bacterial-artificial-chromosome
- BS, Bloom syndrome
- CUE, coupling of ubiquitin conjugation to endoplasmic reticulum degradation
- ChIP-seq, CHIP sequencing
- CtBP, C-terminal binding protein
- CtIP, CtBP-interacting protein
- DNA interstrand crosslink repair
- DNA repair
- EPS15, epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 15
- FA, Fanconi anemia
- FAN1, FANCD2-associated nuclease1
- FANCD2
- FANCI
- FISH, fluorescence in situ hybridization
- Fanconi anemia
- HECT, homologous to E6-AP Carboxy Terminus
- HJ, Holliday junction
- HR, homologous recombination
- MCM2-MCM7, minichromosome maintenance 2–7
- MEFs, mouse embryonic fibroblasts
- MMC, mitomycin C
- MRN, MRE11/RAD50/NBS1
- NLS, nuclear localization signal
- PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen
- PIKK, phosphatidylinositol-3-OH-kinase-like family of protein kinases
- PIP-box, PCNA-interacting protein motif
- POL κ, DNA polymerase κ
- RACE, rapid amplification of cDNA ends
- RING, really interesting new gene
- RTK, receptor tyrosine kinase
- SCF, Skp1/Cullin/F-box protein complex
- SCKL1, seckel syndrome
- SILAC, stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture
- SLD1/SLD2, SUMO-like domains
- SLIM, SUMO-like domain interacting motif
- TIP60, 60 kDa Tat-interactive protein
- TLS, Translesion DNA synthesis
- UAF1, USP1-associated factor 1
- UBD, ubiquitin-binding domain
- UBZ, ubiquitin-binding zinc finger
- UFB, ultra-fine DNA bridges
- UIM, ubiquitin-interacting motif
- ULD, ubiquitin-like domain
- USP1, ubiquitin-specific protease 1
- VRR-nuc, virus-type replication repair nuclease
- iPOND, isolation of proteins on nascent DNA
- ubiquitin
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Boisvert
- a Department of Cell and Molecular Biology ; University of Rhode Island ; Kingston , RI USA
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Jo U, Kim H. Exploiting the Fanconi Anemia Pathway for Targeted Anti-Cancer Therapy. Mol Cells 2015; 38:669-76. [PMID: 26194820 PMCID: PMC4546938 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2015.0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome instability, primarily caused by faulty DNA repair mechanisms, drives tumorigenesis. Therapeutic interventions that exploit deregulated DNA repair in cancer have made considerable progress by targeting tumor-specific alterations of DNA repair factors, which either induces synthetic lethality or augments the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The study of Fanconi anemia (FA), a rare inherited blood disorder and cancer predisposition syndrome, has been instrumental in understanding the extent to which DNA repair defects contribute to tumorigenesis. The FA pathway functions to resolve blocked replication forks in response to DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs), and accumulating knowledge of its activation by the ubiquitin-mediated signaling pathway has provided promising therapeutic opportunities for cancer treatment. Here, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of FA pathway regulation and its potential application for designing tailored therapeutics that take advantage of deregulated DNA ICL repair in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ukhyun Jo
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, New York 11794,
USA
| | - Hyungjin Kim
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, New York 11794,
USA
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19
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Núñez de Villavicencio-Díaz T, Ramos Gómez Y, Oliva Argüelles B, Fernández Masso JR, Rodríguez-Ulloa A, Cruz García Y, Guirola-Cruz O, Perez-Riverol Y, Javier González L, Tiscornia I, Victoria S, Bollati-Fogolín M, Besada Pérez V, Guerra Vallespi M. Comparative proteomics analysis of the antitumor effect of CIGB-552 peptide in HT-29 colon adenocarcinoma cells. J Proteomics 2015; 126:163-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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20
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Schneider M, Chandler K, Tischkowitz M, Meyer S. Fanconi anaemia: genetics, molecular biology, and cancer - implications for clinical management in children and adults. Clin Genet 2014; 88:13-24. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.12517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Schneider
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory; University of Manchester; Manchester UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Manchester UK
| | - K. Chandler
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Manchester UK
- Department of Genetic Medicine; University of Manchester, St Mary's Hospital; Manchester UK
| | - M. Tischkowitz
- Department of Medical Genetics; University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital; Cambridge UK
| | - S. Meyer
- Stem Cell and Leukaemia Proteomics Laboratory; University of Manchester; Manchester UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Manchester UK
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology; Royal Manchester Children's Hospital; Manchester UK
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Oncology; Young Oncology Unit, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust; Manchester UK
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21
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Rajendra E, Oestergaard VH, Langevin F, Wang M, Dornan GL, Patel KJ, Passmore LA. The genetic and biochemical basis of FANCD2 monoubiquitination. Mol Cell 2014; 54:858-69. [PMID: 24905007 PMCID: PMC4051986 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Fanconi anaemia (FA) is a cancer predisposition syndrome characterized by cellular sensitivity to DNA interstrand crosslinkers. The molecular defect in FA is an impaired DNA repair pathway. The critical event in activating this pathway is monoubiquitination of FANCD2. In vivo, a multisubunit FA core complex catalyzes this step, but its mechanism is unclear. Here, we report purification of a native avian FA core complex and biochemical reconstitution of FANCD2 monoubiquitination. This demonstrates that the catalytic FANCL E3 ligase subunit must be embedded within the complex for maximal activity and site specificity. We genetically and biochemically define a minimal subcomplex comprising just three proteins (FANCB, FANCL, and FAAP100) that functions as the monoubiquitination module. Residual FANCD2 monoubiquitination activity is retained in cells defective for other FA core complex subunits. This work describes the in vitro reconstitution and characterization of this multisubunit monoubiquitin E3 ligase, providing key insight into the conserved FA DNA repair pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eeson Rajendra
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Vibe H Oestergaard
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Frédéric Langevin
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Meng Wang
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Gillian L Dornan
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Ketan J Patel
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK; Department of Medicine, Level 5, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - Lori A Passmore
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK.
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22
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Pagano G, Shyamsunder P, Verma RS, Lyakhovich A. Damaged mitochondria in Fanconi anemia - an isolated event or a general phenomenon? Oncoscience 2014; 1:287-95. [PMID: 25594021 PMCID: PMC4278298 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is known as an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome associated with cancer predisposition and susceptibility to a number of DNA damaging stimuli, along with a number of clinical features such as upper limb malformations, increased diabetes incidence and typical anomalies in skin pigmentation. The proteins encoded by FA-defective genes (FANC proteins) display well-established roles in DNA damage and repair pathways. Moreover, some independent studies have revealed that mitochondrial dysfunction (MDF) is also involved in FA phenotype. Unconfined to FA, we have shown that other syndromes featuring DNA damage and repair (such as ataxia-telangiectasia, AT, and Werner syndrome, WS) display MDF-related phenotypes, along with oxidative stress (OS) that, altogether, may play major roles in these diseases. Experimental and clinical studies are warranted in the prospect of future therapies to be focused on compounds scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as protecting mitochondrial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Pagano
- Italian National Cancer Institute, G Pascale Foundation, CROM, Mercogliano, AV, Italy
| | - Pavithra Shyamsunder
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai
| | - Rama S Verma
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai
| | - Alex Lyakhovich
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore ; Novosibirsk Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Russian Federation ; Queen's University Belfast, UK
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