1
|
Vázquez‐Arias A, Vázquez‐Iglesias L, Pérez‐Juste I, Pérez‐Juste J, Pastoriza‐Santos I, Bodelon G. Bacterial surface display of human lectins in Escherichia coli. Microb Biotechnol 2024; 17:e14409. [PMID: 38380565 PMCID: PMC10884992 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Lectin-glycan interactions sustain fundamental biological processes involved in development and disease. Owing to their unique sugar-binding properties, lectins have great potential in glycobiology and biomedicine. However, their relatively low affinities and broad specificities pose a significant challenge when used as analytical reagents. New approaches for expression and engineering of lectins are in demand to overcome current limitations. Herein, we report the application of bacterial display for the expression of human galectin-3 and mannose-binding lectin in Escherichia coli. The analysis of the cell surface expression and binding activity of the surface-displayed lectins, including point and deletion mutants, in combination with molecular dynamics simulation, demonstrate the robustness and suitability of this approach. Furthermore, the display of functional mannose-binding lectin in the bacterial surface proved the feasibility of this method for disulfide bond-containing lectins. This work establishes for the first time bacterial display as an efficient means for the expression and engineering of human lectins, thereby increasing the available toolbox for glycobiology research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Vázquez‐Arias
- CINBIOUniversidade de VigoVigoSpain
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS‐UVIGOVigoSpain
| | - Lorena Vázquez‐Iglesias
- CINBIOUniversidade de VigoVigoSpain
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS‐UVIGOVigoSpain
| | | | - Jorge Pérez‐Juste
- CINBIOUniversidade de VigoVigoSpain
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS‐UVIGOVigoSpain
- Departamento de Química FísicaUniversidade de VigoVigoSpain
| | - Isabel Pastoriza‐Santos
- CINBIOUniversidade de VigoVigoSpain
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS‐UVIGOVigoSpain
- Departamento de Química FísicaUniversidade de VigoVigoSpain
| | - Gustavo Bodelon
- CINBIOUniversidade de VigoVigoSpain
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS‐UVIGOVigoSpain
- Departamento de Biología Funcional y Ciencias de la SaludUniversidade de VigoVigoSpain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Luo Y, Chen Z, Lian S, Ji X, Zhu C, Zhu G, Xia P. The Love and Hate Relationship between T5SS and Other Secretion Systems in Bacteria. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:281. [PMID: 38203452 PMCID: PMC10778856 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteria have existed on Earth for billions of years, exhibiting ubiquity and involvement in various biological activities. To ensure survival, bacteria usually release and secrete effector proteins to acquire nutrients and compete with other microorganisms for living space during long-term evolution. Consequently, bacteria have developed a range of secretion systems, which are complex macromolecular transport machines responsible for transporting proteins across the bacterial cell membranes. Among them, one particular secretion system that stands out from the rest is the type V secretion system (T5SS), known as the "autotransporter". Bacterial activities mediated by T5SS include adherence to host cells or the extracellular matrix, invasion of host cells, immune evasion and serum resistance, contact-dependent growth inhibition, cytotoxicity, intracellular flow, protease activity, autoaggregation, and biofilm formation. In a bacterial body, it is not enough to rely on T5SS alone; in most cases, T5SS cooperates with other secretion systems to carry out bacterial life activities, but regardless of how good the relationship is, there is friction between the secretion systems. T5SS and T1SS/T2SS/T3SS/T6SS all play a synergistic role in the pathogenic processes of bacteria, such as nutrient acquisition, pathogenicity enhancement, and immune modulation, but T5SS indirectly inhibits the function of T4SS. This could be considered a love-hate relationship between secretion systems. This paper uses the systematic literature review methodology to review 117 journal articles published within the period from 1995 to 2024, which are all available from the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases and aim to elucidate the link between T5SS and other secretion systems, providing clues for future prevention and control of bacterial diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine (Institute of Comparative Medicine), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.L.); (Z.C.); (S.L.); (X.J.); (G.Z.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ziyue Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine (Institute of Comparative Medicine), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.L.); (Z.C.); (S.L.); (X.J.); (G.Z.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Siqi Lian
- College of Veterinary Medicine (Institute of Comparative Medicine), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.L.); (Z.C.); (S.L.); (X.J.); (G.Z.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xingduo Ji
- College of Veterinary Medicine (Institute of Comparative Medicine), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.L.); (Z.C.); (S.L.); (X.J.); (G.Z.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chunhong Zhu
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Guoqiang Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine (Institute of Comparative Medicine), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.L.); (Z.C.); (S.L.); (X.J.); (G.Z.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Pengpeng Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine (Institute of Comparative Medicine), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.L.); (Z.C.); (S.L.); (X.J.); (G.Z.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
An Unprecedented Tolerance to Deletion of the Periplasmic Chaperones SurA, Skp, and DegP in the Nosocomial Pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii. J Bacteriol 2022; 204:e0005422. [PMID: 36106853 PMCID: PMC9578438 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00054-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria efficiently protects from harmful environmental stresses such as antibiotics, disinfectants, or dryness. The main constituents of the OM are integral OM β-barrel proteins (OMPs). In Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Yersinia enterocolitica, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the insertion of OMPs depends on a sophisticated biogenesis pathway. This comprises the SecYEG translocon, which enables inner membrane (IM) passage; the chaperones SurA, Skp, and DegP, which facilitate the passage of β-barrel OMPs through the periplasm; and the β-barrel assembly machinery (BAM), which facilitates insertion into the OM. In E. coli, Y. enterocolitica, and P. aeruginosa, the deletion of SurA is particularly detrimental and leads to a loss of OM integrity, sensitization to antibiotic treatment, and reduced virulence. In search of targets that could be exploited to develop compounds that interfere with OM integrity in Acinetobacter baumannii, we employed the multidrug-resistant strain AB5075 to generate single gene knockout strains lacking individual periplasmic chaperones. In contrast to E. coli, Y. enterocolitica, and P. aeruginosa, AB5075 tolerates the lack of SurA, Skp, or DegP with only weak mutant phenotypes. While the double knockout strains ΔsurAΔskp and ΔsurAΔdegP are conditionally lethal in E. coli, all double deletions were well tolerated by AB5075. Strikingly, even a triple-knockout strain of AB5075, lacking surA, skp, and degP, was viable. IMPORTANCEAcinetobacter baumannii is a major threat to human health due to its ability to persist in the hospital environment, resistance to antibiotic treatment, and ability to deploy multiple and redundant virulence factors. In a rising number of cases, infections with multidrug-resistant A. baumannii end up fatally, because all antibiotic treatment options fail. Thus, novel targets have to be identified and alternative therapeutics have to be developed. The knockout of periplasmic chaperones has previously proven to significantly reduce virulence and even break antibiotic resistance in other Gram-negative pathogens. Our study in A. baumannii demonstrates how variable the importance of the periplasmic chaperones SurA, Skp, and DegP can be and suggests the existence of mechanisms allowing A. baumannii to cope with the lack of the three periplasmic chaperones.
Collapse
|
4
|
Tian H, Furtmann C, Lenz F, Srinivasamurthy V, Bornscheuer UT, Jose J. Enzyme cascade converting cyclohexanol into ε-caprolactone coupled with NADPH recycling using surface displayed alcohol dehydrogenase and cyclohexanone monooxygenase on E. coli. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 15:2235-2249. [PMID: 35478318 PMCID: PMC9328734 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of enzymes as biocatalysts in industrial processes has great potential due to their outstanding stereo‐, regio‐ and chemoselectivity. Using autodisplay, enzymes can be immobilized on the cell surface of Gram‐negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli. In the present study, the surface display of an alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and a cyclohexanone monooxygenase (CHMO) on E. coli was investigated. Displaying these enzymes on the surface of E. coli resulted in whole‐cell biocatalysts accessible for substrates without further purification. An apparent maximal reaction velocity VMAX(app) for the oxidation of cyclohexanol with the ADH whole‐cell biocatalysts was determined as 59.9 mU ml−1. For the oxidation of cyclohexanone with the CHMO whole‐cell biocatalysts a VMAX(app) of 491 mU ml−1 was obtained. A direct conversion of cyclohexanol to ε‐caprolactone, which is a known building block for the valuable biodegradable polymer polycaprolactone, was possible by combining the two whole‐cell biocatalysts. Gas chromatography was applied to quantify the yield of ε‐caprolactone. 1.12 mM ε‐caprolactone was produced using ADH and CHMO displaying whole‐cell biocatalysts in a ratio of 1:5 after 4 h in a cell suspension of OD578nm 10. Furthermore, the reaction cascade as applied provided a self‐sufficient regeneration of NADPH for CHMO by the ADH whole‐cell biocatalyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haijin Tian
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, PharmaCampus, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 48, Münster, 48149, Germany
| | - Christoph Furtmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, PharmaCampus, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 48, Münster, 48149, Germany
| | - Florian Lenz
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, PharmaCampus, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 48, Münster, 48149, Germany
| | - Vishnu Srinivasamurthy
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Catalysis, Greifswald University, Felix-Hausdorff-Str.17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe T Bornscheuer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Catalysis, Greifswald University, Felix-Hausdorff-Str.17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Joachim Jose
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, PharmaCampus, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 48, Münster, 48149, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hermansen S, Linke D, Leo JC. Transmembrane β-barrel proteins of bacteria: From structure to function. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2022; 128:113-161. [PMID: 35034717 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria is a specialized organelle conferring protection to the cell against various environmental stresses and resistance to many harmful compounds. The outer membrane has a number of unique features, including an asymmetric lipid bilayer, the presence of lipopolysaccharides and an individual proteome. The vast majority of the integral transmembrane proteins in the outer membrane belongs to the family of β-barrel proteins. These evolutionarily related proteins share a cylindrical, anti-parallel β-sheet core fold spanning the outer membrane. The loops and accessory domains attached to the β-barrel allow for a remarkable versatility in function for these proteins, ranging from diffusion pores and transporters to enzymes and adhesins. We summarize the current knowledge on β-barrel structure and folding and give an overview of their functions, evolution, and potential as drug targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simen Hermansen
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dirk Linke
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jack C Leo
- Antimicrobial resistance, Omics and Microbiota Group, Department of Biosciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ujaoney AK, Padwal MK, Basu B. An in vivo Interaction Network of DNA-Repair Proteins: A Snapshot at Double Strand Break Repair in Deinococcus radiodurans. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:3242-3255. [PMID: 33929844 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An extremophile Deinococcus radiodurans survives massive DNA damage by efficiently mending hundreds of double strand breaks through homology-dependent DNA repair pathways. Although DNA repair proteins that contribute to its impressive DNA repair capacity are fairly known, interactions among them or with proteins related to other relevant pathways remain unexplored. Here, we report in vivo cross-linking of the interactomes of key DNA repair proteins DdrA, DdrB, RecA, and Ssb (baits) in D. radiodurans cells recovering from gamma irradiation. The protein-protein interactions were systematically investigated through co-immunoprecipitation experiments coupled to mass spectrometry. From a total of 399 proteins co-eluted with the baits, we recovered interactions among diverse biological pathways such as DNA repair, transcription, translation, chromosome partitioning, cell division, antioxidation, protein folding/turnover, metabolism, cell wall architecture, membrane transporters, and uncharacterized proteins. Among these, about 80 proteins were relevant to the DNA damage resistance of the organism based on integration of data on inducible expression following DNA damage, radiation sensitive phenotype of deletion mutant, etc. Further, we cloned ORFs of 23 interactors in heterologous E. coli and expressed corresponding proteins with N-terminal His-tag, which were used for pull-down assays. A total of 95 interactions were assayed, in which we confirmed 25 previously unknown binary interactions between the proteins associated with radiation resistance, and 2 known interactions between DdrB and Ssb or DR_1245. Among these, five interactions were positive even under non-stress conditions. The confirmed interactions cover a wide range of biological processes such as DNA repair, negative regulation of cell division, chromosome partitioning, membrane anchorage, etc., and their functional relevance is discussed from the perspective of DNA repair. Overall, the study substantially advances our understanding on the cross-talk between different homology-dependent DNA repair pathways and other relevant biological processes that essentially contribute to the extraordinary DNA damage repair capability of D. radiodurans. The data sets generated and analyzed in this study have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange Consortium via the PRIDE partner repository with the data set identifier PXD021822.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aman Kumar Ujaoney
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Mahesh Kumar Padwal
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Bhakti Basu
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
The extracellular juncture domains in the intimin passenger adopt a constitutively extended conformation inducing restraints to its sphere of action. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21249. [PMID: 33277518 PMCID: PMC7718877 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77706-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli are among the most important food-borne pathogens, posing a global health threat. The virulence factor intimin is essential for the attachment of pathogenic E. coli to the intestinal host cell. Intimin consists of four extracellular bacterial immunoglobulin-like (Big) domains, D00–D2, extending into the fifth lectin subdomain (D3) that binds to the Tir-receptor on the host cell. Here, we present the crystal structures of the elusive D00–D0 domains at 1.5 Å and D0–D1 at 1.8 Å resolution, which confirms that the passenger of intimin has five distinct domains. We describe that D00–D0 exhibits a higher degree of rigidity and D00 likely functions as a juncture domain at the outer membrane-extracellular medium interface. We conclude that D00 is a unique Big domain with a specific topology likely found in a broad range of other inverse autotransporters. The accumulated data allows us to model the complete passenger of intimin and propose functionality to the Big domains, D00–D0–D1, extending directly from the membrane.
Collapse
|
8
|
Bialer MG, Sycz G, Muñoz González F, Ferrero MC, Baldi PC, Zorreguieta A. Adhesins of Brucella: Their Roles in the Interaction with the Host. Pathogens 2020; 9:E942. [PMID: 33198223 PMCID: PMC7697752 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9110942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A central aspect of Brucella pathogenicity is its ability to invade, survive, and replicate in diverse phagocytic and non-phagocytic cell types, leading to chronic infections and chronic inflammatory phenomena. Adhesion to the target cell is a critical first step in the invasion process. Several Brucella adhesins have been shown to mediate adhesion to cells, extracellular matrix components (ECM), or both. These include the sialic acid-binding proteins SP29 and SP41 (binding to erythrocytes and epithelial cells, respectively), the BigA and BigB proteins that contain an Ig-like domain (binding to cell adhesion molecules in epithelial cells), the monomeric autotransporters BmaA, BmaB, and BmaC (binding to ECM components, epithelial cells, osteoblasts, synoviocytes, and trophoblasts), the trimeric autotransporters BtaE and BtaF (binding to ECM components and epithelial cells) and Bp26 (binding to ECM components). An in vivo role has also been shown for the trimeric autotransporters, as deletion mutants display decreased colonization after oral and/or respiratory infection in mice, and it has also been suggested for BigA and BigB. Several adhesins have shown unipolar localization, suggesting that Brucella would express an adhesive pole. Adhesin-based vaccines may be useful to prevent brucellosis, as intranasal immunization in mice with BtaF conferred high levels of protection against oral challenge with B. suis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magalí G. Bialer
- Fundación Instituto Leloir (FIL), IIBBA (CONICET-FIL), Buenos Aires 1405, Argentina; (M.G.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Gabriela Sycz
- Fundación Instituto Leloir (FIL), IIBBA (CONICET-FIL), Buenos Aires 1405, Argentina; (M.G.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Florencia Muñoz González
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina; (F.M.G.); (M.C.F.)
- Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
| | - Mariana C. Ferrero
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina; (F.M.G.); (M.C.F.)
- Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
| | - Pablo C. Baldi
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina; (F.M.G.); (M.C.F.)
- Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
| | - Angeles Zorreguieta
- Fundación Instituto Leloir (FIL), IIBBA (CONICET-FIL), Buenos Aires 1405, Argentina; (M.G.B.); (G.S.)
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ding Y, Shiota T, Le Brun AP, Dunstan RA, Wang B, Hsu HY, Lithgow T, Shen HH. Characterization of BamA reconstituted into a solid-supported lipid bilayer as a platform for measuring dynamics during substrate protein assembly into the membrane. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183317. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
10
|
Kiessling AR, Malik A, Goldman A. Recent advances in the understanding of trimeric autotransporter adhesins. Med Microbiol Immunol 2020; 209:233-242. [PMID: 31865405 PMCID: PMC7247746 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-019-00652-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Adhesion is the initial step in the infection process of gram-negative bacteria. It is usually followed by the formation of biofilms that serve as a hub for further spread of the infection. Type V secretion systems engage in this process by binding to components of the extracellular matrix, which is the first step in the infection process. At the same time they provide protection from the immune system by either binding components of the innate immune system or by establishing a physical layer against aggressors. Trimeric autotransporter adhesins (TAAs) are of particular interest in this family of proteins as they possess a unique structural composition which arises from constraints during translocation. The sequence of individual domains can vary dramatically while the overall structure can be very similar to one another. This patchwork approach allows researchers to draw conclusions of the underlying function of a specific domain in a structure-based approach which underscores the importance of solving structures of yet uncharacterized TAAs and their individual domains to estimate the full extent of functions of the protein a priori. Here, we describe recent advances in understanding the translocation process of TAAs and give an overview of structural motifs that are unique to this class of proteins. The role of BpaC in the infection process of Burkholderia pseudomallei is highlighted as an exceptional example of a TAA being at the centre of infection initiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas R. Kiessling
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT England, UK
| | - Anchal Malik
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT England, UK
| | - Adrian Goldman
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT England, UK
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, FIN-0014 Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Leibiger K, Schweers JM, Schütz M. Biogenesis and function of the autotransporter adhesins YadA, intimin and invasin. Int J Med Microbiol 2019; 309:331-337. [PMID: 31176600 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria often express numerous virulence factors. These virulence factors make them successful pathogens, by e.g. mediating attachment to host cells and thereby facilitating persistence or invasion, or by contributing to the evasion of the host immune system to allow proliferation and spread within the host and in the environment. The site of first contact of Gram negative bacteria with the host is the bacterial outer membrane (OM). Consisting of an asymmetrical lipid bilayer with phospholipids forming the inner, and lipopolysaccharides forming the outer leaflet, the OM harbors numerous integral membrane proteins that are almost exclusively β-barrel proteins. One distinct family of OM β-barrel proteins strongly linked to bacterial virulence are the autotransporter (AT) proteins. During the last years huge progress has been made to better understand the mechanisms underlying the insertion of AT proteins into the OM and also AT function for interaction with the host. This review shortly summarizes our current knowledge about outer membrane protein (OMP) and more specifically AT biogenesis and function. We focused on the AT proteins that we haved studied in most detail: i.e. the Yersinia adhesin A (YadA) and invasin of Yersinia enterocolitica (Ye) as well as its homolog intimin (Int) expressed by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. In addition, this review provides a short outlook about how we could possibly use this knowledge to fight infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolin Leibiger
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 6, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jonas Malte Schweers
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 6, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Monika Schütz
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 6, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Meuskens I, Saragliadis A, Leo JC, Linke D. Type V Secretion Systems: An Overview of Passenger Domain Functions. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1163. [PMID: 31214135 PMCID: PMC6555100 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria secrete proteins for different purposes such as communication, virulence functions, adhesion to surfaces, nutrient acquisition, or growth inhibition of competing bacteria. For secretion of proteins, Gram-negative bacteria have evolved different secretion systems, classified as secretion systems I through IX to date. While some of these systems consist of multiple proteins building a complex spanning the cell envelope, the type V secretion system, the subject of this review, is rather minimal. Proteins of the Type V secretion system are often called autotransporters (ATs). In the simplest case, a type V secretion system consists of only one polypeptide chain with a β-barrel translocator domain in the membrane, and an extracellular passenger or effector region. Depending on the exact domain architecture of the protein, type V secretion systems can be further separated into sub-groups termed type Va through e, and possibly another recently identified subtype termed Vf. While this classification works well when it comes to the architecture of the proteins, this is not the case for the function(s) of the secreted passenger. In this review, we will give an overview of the functions of the passengers of the different AT classes, shedding more light on the variety of functions carried out by type V secretion systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dirk Linke
- Department of Biosciences, Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hatlem D, Trunk T, Linke D, Leo JC. Catching a SPY: Using the SpyCatcher-SpyTag and Related Systems for Labeling and Localizing Bacterial Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2129. [PMID: 31052154 PMCID: PMC6539128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The SpyCatcher-SpyTag system was developed seven years ago as a method for protein ligation. It is based on a modified domain from a Streptococcus pyogenes surface protein (SpyCatcher), which recognizes a cognate 13-amino-acid peptide (SpyTag). Upon recognition, the two form a covalent isopeptide bond between the side chains of a lysine in SpyCatcher and an aspartate in SpyTag. This technology has been used, among other applications, to create covalently stabilized multi-protein complexes, for modular vaccine production, and to label proteins (e.g., for microscopy). The SpyTag system is versatile as the tag is a short, unfolded peptide that can be genetically fused to exposed positions in target proteins; similarly, SpyCatcher can be fused to reporter proteins such as GFP, and to epitope or purification tags. Additionally, an orthogonal system called SnoopTag-SnoopCatcher has been developed from an S. pneumoniae pilin that can be combined with SpyCatcher-SpyTag to produce protein fusions with multiple components. Furthermore, tripartite applications have been produced from both systems allowing the fusion of two peptides by a separate, catalytically active protein unit, SpyLigase or SnoopLigase. Here, we review the current state of the SpyCatcher-SpyTag and related technologies, with a particular emphasis on their use in vaccine development and in determining outer membrane protein localization and topology of surface proteins in bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hatlem
- Bacterial Cell Surface Group, Section for Evolution and Genetics, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Thomas Trunk
- Bacterial Cell Surface Group, Section for Evolution and Genetics, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Dirk Linke
- Bacterial Cell Surface Group, Section for Evolution and Genetics, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Jack C Leo
- Bacterial Cell Surface Group, Section for Evolution and Genetics, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Klein K, Sonnabend MS, Frank L, Leibiger K, Franz-Wachtel M, Macek B, Trunk T, Leo JC, Autenrieth IB, Schütz M, Bohn E. Deprivation of the Periplasmic Chaperone SurA Reduces Virulence and Restores Antibiotic Susceptibility of Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:100. [PMID: 30846971 PMCID: PMC6394205 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the main causative agents of nosocomial infections and the spread of multidrug-resistant strains is rising. Therefore, novel strategies for therapy are urgently required. The outer membrane composition of Gram-negative pathogens and especially of Pa restricts the efficacy of antibiotic entry into the cell and determines virulence. For efficient outer membrane protein biogenesis, the β-barrel assembly machinery (BAM) complex in the outer membrane and periplasmic chaperones like Skp and SurA are crucial. Previous studies indicated that the importance of individual proteins involved in outer membrane protein biogenesis may vary between different Gram-negative species. In addition, since multidrug-resistant Pa strains pose a serious global threat, the interference with both virulence and antibiotic resistance by disturbing outer membrane protein biogenesis might be a new strategy to cope with this challenge. Therefore, deletion mutants of the non-essential BAM complex components bamB and bamC, of the skp homolog hlpA as well as a conditional mutant of surA were investigated. The most profound effects for both traits were associated with reduced levels of SurA, characterized by increased membrane permeability, enhanced sensitivity to antibiotic treatment and attenuation of virulence in a Galleria mellonella infection model. Strikingly, the depletion of SurA in a multidrug-resistant clinical bloodstream isolate re-sensitized the strain to antibiotic treatment. From our data we conclude that SurA of Pa serves as a promising target for developing a drug that shows antiinfective activity and re-sensitizes multidrug-resistant strains to antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Klein
- Interfakultäres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin Tübingen (IMIT), Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael S. Sonnabend
- Interfakultäres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin Tübingen (IMIT), Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lisa Frank
- Interfakultäres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin Tübingen (IMIT), Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karolin Leibiger
- Interfakultäres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin Tübingen (IMIT), Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Boris Macek
- Proteome Center Tübingen, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Trunk
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jack C. Leo
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingo B. Autenrieth
- Interfakultäres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin Tübingen (IMIT), Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Monika Schütz
- Interfakultäres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin Tübingen (IMIT), Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Erwin Bohn
- Interfakultäres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin Tübingen (IMIT), Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chauhan N, Hatlem D, Orwick-Rydmark M, Schneider K, Floetenmeyer M, van Rossum B, Leo JC, Linke D. Insights into the autotransport process of a trimeric autotransporter, Yersinia Adhesin A (YadA). Mol Microbiol 2019; 111:844-862. [DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Chauhan
- Department of Biosciences; University of Oslo; Blindernveien 31 0371 Oslo Norway
- Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Department 1; 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Daniel Hatlem
- Department of Biosciences; University of Oslo; Blindernveien 31 0371 Oslo Norway
| | | | - Kenneth Schneider
- Department of Biosciences; University of Oslo; Blindernveien 31 0371 Oslo Norway
| | - Matthias Floetenmeyer
- Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Department 1; 72076 Tübingen Germany
- The Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland; 4072 St. Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Barth van Rossum
- Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie; Department of NMR-Supported Structural Biology; Berlin Germany
| | - Jack C. Leo
- Department of Biosciences; University of Oslo; Blindernveien 31 0371 Oslo Norway
- Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Department 1; 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Dirk Linke
- Department of Biosciences; University of Oslo; Blindernveien 31 0371 Oslo Norway
- Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Department 1; 72076 Tübingen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Leo JC, Linke D. A unified model for BAM function that takes into account type Vc secretion and species differences in BAM composition. AIMS Microbiol 2018; 4:455-468. [PMID: 31294227 PMCID: PMC6604945 DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2018.3.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane proteins in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria are almost exclusively β-barrels. They are inserted into the outer membrane by a conserved and essential protein complex called the BAM (for β-barrel assembly machinery). In this commentary, we summarize current research into the mechanism of this protein complex and how it relates to type V secretion. Type V secretion systems are autotransporters that all contain a β-barrel transmembrane domain inserted by BAM. In type Vc systems, this domain is a homotrimer. We argue that none of the current models are sufficient to explain BAM function particularly regarding type Vc secretion. We also find that current models based on the well-studied model system Escherichia coli mostly ignore the pronounced differences in BAM composition between different bacterial species. We propose a more holistic view on how all OMPs, including autotransporters, are incorporated into the lipid bilayer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jack C Leo
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Dirk Linke
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ranava D, Caumont-Sarcos A, Albenne C, Ieva R. Bacterial machineries for the assembly of membrane-embedded β-barrel proteins. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2018; 365:4961134. [DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fny087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David Ranava
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Génétique Moléculaires, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Caumont-Sarcos
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Génétique Moléculaires, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Cécile Albenne
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Génétique Moléculaires, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Raffaele Ieva
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Génétique Moléculaires, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Albenne C, Ieva R. Job contenders: roles of the β-barrel assembly machinery and the translocation and assembly module in autotransporter secretion. Mol Microbiol 2017; 106:505-517. [PMID: 28887826 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.13832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In Gram-negative bacteria, autotransporters secrete effector protein domains that are linked to virulence. Although they were once thought to be simple and autonomous secretion machines, mounting evidence reveals that multiple factors of the bacterial envelope are necessary for autotransporter assembly. Secretion across the outer membrane of their soluble effector "passenger domain" is promoted by the assembly of an outer membrane-spanning "β-barrel domain". Both reactions require BamA, an essential component of the β-barrel assembly machinery (BAM complex) that catalyzes the final reaction step by which outer membrane proteins are integrated into the lipid bilayer. A large amount of data generated in the last decade has shed key insights onto the mechanistic coordination of autotransporter β-barrel domain assembly and passenger domain secretion. These results, together with the recently solved structures of the BAM complex, offer an unprecedented opportunity to discuss a detailed model of autotransporter assembly. Importantly, some autotransporters benefit from the presence of an additional machinery, the translocation and assembly module (TAM), a two-membrane spanning complex, which contains a BamA-homologous subunit. Although it remains unclear how the BAM complex and the TAM cooperate, it is evident that multiple preparatory steps are necessary for efficient autotransporter biogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Albenne
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Génétique Moléculaires, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Raffaele Ieva
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Génétique Moléculaires, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wrobel A, Ottoni C, Leo JC, Gulla S, Linke D. The repeat structure of two paralogous genes, Yersinia ruckeri invasin (yrInv) and a "Y. ruckeri invasin-like molecule", (yrIlm) sheds light on the evolution of adhesive capacities of a fish pathogen. J Struct Biol 2017; 201:171-183. [PMID: 28888816 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Inverse autotransporters comprise the recently identified type Ve secretion system and are exemplified by intimin from enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli and invasin from enteropathogenic Yersiniae. These proteins share a common domain architecture and promote bacterial adhesion to host cells. Here, we identified and characterized two putative inverse autotransporter genes in the fish pathogen Yersinia ruckeri NVH_3758, namely yrInv (for Y. ruckeri invasin) and yrIlm (for Y. ruckeri invasin-like molecule). When trying to clone the highly repetitive genes for structural and functional studies, we experienced problems in obtaining PCR products. PCR failures and the highly repetitive nature of inverse autotransporters prompted us to sequence the genome of Y. ruckeri NVH_3758 using PacBio sequencing, which produces some of the longest average read lengths available in the industry at this moment. According to our sequencing data, YrIlm is composed of 2603 amino acids (7812bp) and has a molecular mass of 256.4kDa. Based on the new genome information, we performed PCR analysis on four non-sequenced Y. ruckeri strains as well as the sequenced. Y. ruckeri type strain. We found that the genes are variably present in the strains, and that the length of yrIlm, when present, also varies. In addition, the length of the gene product for all strains, including the type strain, was much longer than expected based on deposited sequences. The internal repeats of the yrInv gene product are highly diverged, but represent the same bacterial immunoglobulin-like domains as in yrIlm. Using qRT-PCR, we found that yrIlm and yrInv are differentially expressed under conditions relevant for pathogenesis. In addition, we compared the genomic context of both genes in the newly sequenced Y. ruckeri strain to all available PacBio-sequenced Y. ruckeri genomes, and found indications of recent events of horizontal gene transfer. Taken together, this study demonstrates and highlights the power of Single Molecule Real-Time technology for sequencing highly repetitive proteins, and sheds light on the genetic events that gave rise to these highly repetitive genes in a commercially important fish pathogen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Wrobel
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Claudio Ottoni
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway; Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, University of Oslo, 0316, Norway
| | - Jack C Leo
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Snorre Gulla
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, 0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - Dirk Linke
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ieva R. Interfering with outer membrane biogenesis to fight Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. Virulence 2017; 8:1049-1052. [PMID: 28277902 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2017.1296617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Ieva
- a Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Génétique Moléculaires (LMGM) , Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS , Toulouse , France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Pfitzner AK, Steblau N, Ulrich T, Oberhettinger P, Autenrieth IB, Schütz M, Rapaport D. Mitochondrial-bacterial hybrids of BamA/Tob55 suggest variable requirements for the membrane integration of β-barrel proteins. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39053. [PMID: 27982054 PMCID: PMC5159795 DOI: 10.1038/srep39053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Barrel proteins are found in the outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria. The assembly of these proteins into the corresponding OM is facilitated by a dedicated protein complex that contains a central conserved β-barrel protein termed BamA in bacteria and Tob55/Sam50 in mitochondria. BamA and Tob55 consist of a membrane-integral C-terminal domain that forms a β-barrel pore and a soluble N-terminal portion comprised of one (in Tob55) or five (in BamA) polypeptide transport-associated (POTRA) domains. Currently the functional significance of this difference and whether the homology between BamA and Tob55 can allow them to replace each other are unclear. To address these issues we constructed hybrid Tob55/BamA proteins with differently configured N-terminal POTRA domains. We observed that constructs harboring a heterologous C-terminal domain could not functionally replace the bacterial BamA or the mitochondrial Tob55 demonstrating species-specific requirements. Interestingly, the various hybrid proteins in combination with the bacterial chaperones Skp or SurA supported to a variable extent the assembly of bacterial β-barrel proteins into the mitochondrial OM. Collectively, our findings suggest that the membrane assembly of various β-barrel proteins depends to a different extent on POTRA domains and periplasmic chaperones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadja Steblau
- Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Ulrich
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Oberhettinger
- Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ingo B Autenrieth
- Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Monika Schütz
- Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Doron Rapaport
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
Type V secretion denotes a variety of secretion systems that cross the outer membrane in Gram-negative bacteria but that depend on the Sec machinery for transport through the inner membrane. They are possibly the simplest bacterial secretion systems, because they consist only of a single polypeptide chain (or two chains in the case of two-partner secretion). Their seemingly autonomous transport through the outer membrane has led to the term "autotransporters" for various subclasses of type V secretion. In this chapter, we review the structure and function of these transporters and review recent findings on additional factors involved in the secretion process, which have put the term "autotransporter" to debate.
Collapse
|
23
|
Leo JC, Oberhettinger P, Yoshimoto S, Udatha DBRKG, Morth JP, Schütz M, Hori K, Linke D. Secretion of the Intimin Passenger Domain Is Driven by Protein Folding. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:20096-112. [PMID: 27466361 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.731497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Intimin is an essential adhesin of attaching and effacing organisms such as entropathogenic Escherichia coli It is also the prototype of type Ve secretion or inverse autotransport, where the extracellular C-terminal region or passenger is exported with the help of an N-terminal transmembrane β-barrel domain. We recently reported a stalled secretion intermediate of intimin, where the passenger is located in the periplasm but the β-barrel is already inserted into the membrane. Stalling of this mutant is due to the insertion of an epitope tag at the very N terminus of the passenger. Here, we examined how this insertion disrupts autotransport and found that it causes misfolding of the N-terminal immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain D00. We could also stall the secretion by making an internal deletion in D00, and introducing the epitope tag into the second Ig-like domain, D0, also resulted in reduced passenger secretion. In contrast to many classical autotransporters, where a proximal folding core in the passenger is required for secretion, the D00 domain is dispensable, as the passenger of an intimin mutant lacking D00 entirely is efficiently exported. Furthermore, the D00 domain is slightly less stable than the D0 and D1 domains, unfolding at ∼200 piconewtons (pN) compared with ∼250 pN for D0 and D1 domains as measured by atomic force microscopy. Our results support a model where the secretion of the passenger is driven by sequential folding of the extracellular Ig-like domains, leading to vectorial transport of the passenger domain across the outer membrane in an N to C direction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jack C Leo
- From the Evolution and Genetics, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Philipp Oberhettinger
- Interfaculty Institute for Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University Clinics Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Shogo Yoshimoto
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan, and
| | - D B R K Gupta Udatha
- From the Evolution and Genetics, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Monika Schütz
- Interfaculty Institute for Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University Clinics Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katsutoshi Hori
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan, and
| | - Dirk Linke
- From the Evolution and Genetics, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway,
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Monteiro R, Ageorges V, Rojas-Lopez M, Schmidt H, Weiss A, Bertin Y, Forano E, Jubelin G, Henderson IR, Livrelli V, Gobert AP, Rosini R, Soriani M, Desvaux M. A secretome view of colonisation factors in Shiga toxin-encodingEscherichia coli(STEC): from enterohaemorrhagicE. coli(EHEC) to related enteropathotypes. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2016; 363:fnw179. [DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnw179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
|
25
|
Heinz E, Stubenrauch CJ, Grinter R, Croft NP, Purcell AW, Strugnell RA, Dougan G, Lithgow T. Conserved Features in the Structure, Mechanism, and Biogenesis of the Inverse Autotransporter Protein Family. Genome Biol Evol 2016; 8:1690-705. [PMID: 27190006 PMCID: PMC4943183 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evw112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacterial cell surface proteins intimin and invasin are virulence factors that share a common domain structure and bind selectively to host cell receptors in the course of bacterial pathogenesis. The β-barrel domains of intimin and invasin show significant sequence and structural similarities. Conversely, a variety of proteins with sometimes limited sequence similarity have also been annotated as “intimin-like” and “invasin” in genome datasets, while other recent work on apparently unrelated virulence-associated proteins ultimately revealed similarities to intimin and invasin. Here we characterize the sequence and structural relationships across this complex protein family. Surprisingly, intimins and invasins represent a very small minority of the sequence diversity in what has been previously the “intimin/invasin protein family”. Analysis of the assembly pathway for expression of the classic intimin, EaeA, and a characteristic example of the most prevalent members of the group, FdeC, revealed a dependence on the translocation and assembly module as a common feature for both these proteins. While the majority of the sequences in the grouping are most similar to FdeC, a further and widespread group is two-partner secretion systems that use the β-barrel domain as the delivery device for secretion of a variety of virulence factors. This comprehensive analysis supports the adoption of the “inverse autotransporter protein family” as the most accurate nomenclature for the family and, in turn, has important consequences for our overall understanding of the Type V secretion systems of bacterial pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Heinz
- Department of Microbiology, Infection & Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J Stubenrauch
- Department of Microbiology, Infection & Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Rhys Grinter
- Department of Microbiology, Infection & Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Nathan P Croft
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Infection & Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Anthony W Purcell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Infection & Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Richard A Strugnell
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Gordon Dougan
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Trevor Lithgow
- Department of Microbiology, Infection & Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Curkić I, Schütz M, Oberhettinger P, Diard M, Claassen M, Linke D, Hardt WD. Epitope-Tagged Autotransporters as Single-Cell Reporters for Gene Expression by a Salmonella Typhimurium wbaP Mutant. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154828. [PMID: 27149272 PMCID: PMC4858243 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic diversity is an important trait of bacterial populations and can enhance fitness of the existing genotype in a given environment. To characterize different subpopulations, several studies have analyzed differential gene expression using fluorescent reporters. These studies visualized either single or multiple genes within single cells using different fluorescent proteins. However, variable maturation and folding kinetics of different fluorophores complicate the study of dynamics of gene expression. Here, we present a proof-of-principle study for an alternative gene expression system in a wbaP mutant of Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Tm) lacking the O-sidechain of the lipopolysaccharide. We employed the hemagglutinin (HA)-tagged inverse autotransporter invasin (invAHA) as a transcriptional reporter for the expression of the type three secretion system 1 (T1) in S. Tm. Using a two-reporter approach with GFP and the InvAHA in single cells, we verify that this reporter system can be used for T1 gene expression analysis, at least in strains lacking the O-antigen (wbaP), which are permissive for detection of the surface-exposed HA-epitope. When we placed the two reporters gfp and invAHA under the control of either one or two different promoters of the T1 regulon, we were able to show correlative expression of both reporters. We conclude that the invAHA reporter system is a suitable tool to analyze T1gene expression in S. Tm and propose its applicability as molecular tool for gene expression studies within single cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ismeta Curkić
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Monika Schütz
- Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Médéric Diard
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Manfred Claassen
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Linke
- Department of Biosciences, EVOGENE Section, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Wolf-Dietrich Hardt
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|