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Kaur G, Wang X, Li X, Ong H, He X, Cai C. Overexpression of GREM1 Improves the Survival Capacity of Aged Cardiac Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells via Upregulation of the ERK/NRF2-Associated Antioxidant Signal Pathway. Cells 2023; 12:1203. [PMID: 37190112 PMCID: PMC10136744 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of mortality in the United States. Progenitor cell therapy can restore myocardial structure and function. However, its efficacy is severely limited by cell aging and senescence. Gremlin-1 (GREM1), a member of the bone morphogenetic protein antagonist family, has been implicated in cell proliferation and survival. However, GREM1's role in cell aging and senescence has never been investigated in human cardiac mesenchymal progenitor cells (hMPCs). Therefore, this study assessed the hypothesis that overexpression of GREM1 rejuvenates the cardiac regenerative potential of aging hMPCs to a youthful stage and therefore allows better capacity for myocardial repair. We recently reported that a subpopulation of hMPCs with low mitochondrial membrane potential can be sorted from right atrial appendage-derived cells in patients with cardiomyopathy and exhibit cardiac reparative capacity in a mouse model of myocardial infarction. In this study, lentiviral particles were used to overexpress GREM1 in these hMPCs. Protein and mRNA expression were assessed through Western blot and RT-qPCR. FACS analysis for Annexin V/PI staining and lactate dehydrogenase assay were used to assess cell survival. It was observed that cell aging and cell senescence led to a decrease in GREM1 expression. In addition, overexpression of GREM1 led to a decrease in expression of senescence genes. Overexpression of GREM1 led to no significant change in cell proliferation. However, GREM1 appeared to have an anti-apoptotic effect, with an increase in survival and decrease in cytotoxicity evident in GREM1-overexpressing hMPCs. Overexpressing GREM1 also induced cytoprotective properties by decreasing reactive oxidative species and mitochondrial membrane potential. This result was associated with increased expression of antioxidant proteins, such as SOD1 and catalase, and activation of the ERK/NRF2 survival signal pathway. Inhibition of ERK led to a decrease in GREM1-mediated rejuvenation in terms of cell survival, which suggests that an ERK-dependent pathway may be involved. Taken altogether, these results indicate that overexpression of GREM1 can allow aging hMPCs to adopt a more robust phenotype with improved survival capacity, which is associated with an activated ERK/NRF2 antioxidant signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurleen Kaur
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (G.K.); (X.W.); (X.L.)
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (G.K.); (X.W.); (X.L.)
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (H.O.); (X.H.)
| | - Xiuchun Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (G.K.); (X.W.); (X.L.)
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (H.O.); (X.H.)
| | - Hannah Ong
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (H.O.); (X.H.)
| | - Xiangfei He
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (H.O.); (X.H.)
| | - Chuanxi Cai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (G.K.); (X.W.); (X.L.)
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (H.O.); (X.H.)
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Emodin protects against homocysteine-induced cardiac dysfunction by inhibiting oxidative stress via MAPK and Akt/eNOS/NO signaling pathways. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 940:175452. [PMID: 36529277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Elevated levels of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) causes severe cardiac dysfunction, which is closely associated with oxidative stress. Emodin, a naturally occurring anthraquinone derivative, has been shown to exert antioxidant and anti-apoptosis activities. However, whether emodin could protect against Hcy-induced cardiac dysfunction remains unknown. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of emodin on the Hcy-induced cardiac dysfunction and its molecular mechanisms. Rats were fed a methionine diet to establish the animal model of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy). H9C2 cells were incubated with Hcy to induce a cell model of Hcy-injured cardiomyocytes. ELISA, HE staining, carotid artery and left ventricular cannulation, MTT, fluorescence staining, flow cytometry and western blotting were used in this study. Emodin significantly alleviated the structural damage of the myocardium and cardiac dysfunction from HHcy rats. Emodin prevented apoptosis and the collapse of MMP in the Hcy-treated H9C2 cells in vitro. Further, emodin reversed the Hcy-induced apoptosis-related biochemical changes including decreased Bcl-2/Bax protein ratio, and increased protein expression of Caspase-9/3. Moreover, emodin suppressed oxidative stress in Hcy-treated H9C2 cells. Mechanistically, emodin significantly inhibited the Hcy-activated MAPK by reducing ROS generation in H9C2 cells. Furthermore, emodin upregulated NO production by promoting the protein phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS in injured cells. The present study shows that emodin protects against Hcy-induced cardiac dysfunction by inhibiting oxidative stress via MAPK and Akt/eNOS/NO signaling pathways.
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Bikmulina P, Kosheleva N, Shpichka A, Yusupov V, Gogvadze V, Rochev Y, Timashev P. Photobiomodulation in 3D tissue engineering. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2022; 27:090901. [PMID: 36104833 PMCID: PMC9473299 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.27.9.090901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The method of photobiomodulation (PBM) has been used in medicine for a long time to promote anti-inflammation and pain-resolving processes in different organs and tissues. PBM triggers numerous cellular pathways including stimulation of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, alteration of the cytoskeleton, cell death prevention, increasing proliferative activity, and directing cell differentiation. The most effective wavelengths for PBM are found within the optical window (750 to 1100 nm), in which light can permeate tissues and other water-containing structures to depths of up to a few cm. PBM already finds its applications in the developing fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, the diversity of three-dimensional (3D) systems, irradiation sources, and protocols intricate the PBM applications. AIM We aim to discuss the PBM and 3D tissue engineered constructs to define the fields of interest for PBM applications in tissue engineering. APPROACH First, we provide a brief overview of PBM and the timeline of its development. Then, we discuss the optical properties of 3D cultivation systems and important points of light dosimetry. Finally, we analyze the cellular pathways induced by PBM and outcomes observed in various 3D tissue-engineered constructs: hydrogels, scaffolds, spheroids, cell sheets, bioprinted structures, and organoids. RESULTS Our summarized results demonstrate the great potential of PBM in the stimulation of the cell survival and viability in 3D conditions. The strategies to achieve different cell physiology states with particular PBM parameters are outlined. CONCLUSIONS PBM has already proved itself as a convenient and effective tool to prevent drastic cellular events in the stress conditions. Because of the poor viability of cells in scaffolds and the convenience of PBM devices, 3D tissue engineering is a perspective field for PBM applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Bikmulina
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nastasia Kosheleva
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- FSBSI Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
- Sechenov University, Laboratory of Clinical Smart Nanotechnologies, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Shpichka
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Sechenov University, Laboratory of Clinical Smart Nanotechnologies, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Yusupov
- Institute of Photon Technologies of FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Troitsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir Gogvadze
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Karolinska Institutet, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Toxicology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yury Rochev
- National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Peter Timashev
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Sechenov University, Laboratory of Clinical Smart Nanotechnologies, Moscow, Russia
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Heinrich UR, Meuser R, Ernst BP, Schmidtmann I, Dietrich D, Stauber RH, Strieth S. Regulation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase in the Reticular Lamina of the Organ of Corti by a Nitric Oxide Donor. J Histochem Cytochem 2021; 69:731-739. [PMID: 34666550 DOI: 10.1369/00221554211054642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the vertebrate cochlea, the reticular lamina seals the organ of Corti against the endolymph filled scala media. After noise exposure, fast alterations in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression level were identified in this cochlear structure. Minor amounts of nitric oxide (NO) produced by eNOS or applied by NO donors such as S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine (SNAP) might protect this vulnerable part of the organ of Corti, on the line of gap junctions of supporting cells and cochlear microcirculation. In n=5 anesthetized guinea pigs, SNAP was intravenously applied in two concentrations. Six untreated animals served as controls. The cochleae were removed and prepared for immunoelectron microscopy using specific gold-labeled anti-eNOS antibodies. The density of the gold particles was quantified for seven cellular regions in the reticular lamina at the ultrastructural level. Following SNAP application, a significant increase in eNOS expression (+176%) was detected compared with controls (p=0.012). The increase occurred mainly in actin-rich cuticular structures and the prominent microtubules bundles. Correlation analysis revealed three clear and five moderate cellular associations for controls, whereas only one clear and one moderate after SNAP application. Thus, application of the NO donor SNAP resulted in an increase in eNOS expression in distinct regions of the reticular lamina.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Regina Meuser
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Epidemiology and Informatics
| | - Benjamin Philipp Ernst
- University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Dimo Dietrich
- University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Sebastian Strieth
- University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
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Physical Exercise and Cardiac Repair: The Potential Role of Nitric Oxide in Boosting Stem Cell Regenerative Biology. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071002. [PMID: 34201562 PMCID: PMC8300666 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the years strong evidence has been accumulated showing that aerobic physical exercise exerts beneficial effects on the prevention and reduction of cardiovascular risk. Exercise in healthy subjects fosters physiological remodeling of the adult heart. Concurrently, physical training can significantly slow-down or even reverse the maladaptive pathologic cardiac remodeling in cardiac diseases, improving heart function. The underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of the beneficial effects of physical exercise on the heart are still a subject of intensive study. Aerobic activity increases cardiovascular nitric oxide (NO) released mainly through nitric oxidase synthase 3 activity, promoting endothelium-dependent vasodilation, reducing vascular resistance, and lowering blood pressure. On the reverse, an imbalance between increasing free radical production and decreased NO generation characterizes pathologic remodeling, which has been termed the “nitroso-redox imbalance”. Besides these classical evidence on the role of NO in cardiac physiology and pathology, accumulating data show that NO regulate different aspects of stem cell biology, including survival, proliferation, migration, differentiation, and secretion of pro-regenerative factors. Concurrently, it has been shown that physical exercise generates physiological remodeling while antagonizes pathologic remodeling also by fostering cardiac regeneration, including new cardiomyocyte formation. This review is therefore focused on the possible link between physical exercise, NO, and stem cell biology in the cardiac regenerative/reparative response to physiological or pathological load. Cellular and molecular mechanisms that generate an exercise-induced cardioprotective phenotype are discussed in regards with myocardial repair and regeneration. Aerobic training can benefit cells implicated in cardiovascular homeostasis and response to damage by NO-mediated pathways that protect stem cells in the hostile environment, enhance their activation and differentiation and, in turn, translate to more efficient myocardial tissue regeneration. Moreover, stem cell preconditioning by and/or local potentiation of NO signaling can be envisioned as promising approaches to improve the post-transplantation stem cell survival and the efficacy of cardiac stem cell therapy.
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Hu XM, Zhang Q, Zhou RX, Wu YL, Li ZX, Zhang DY, Yang YC, Yang RH, Hu YJ, Xiong K. Programmed cell death in stem cell-based therapy: Mechanisms and clinical applications. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:386-415. [PMID: 34136072 PMCID: PMC8176847 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i5.386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapy raises hopes for a better approach to promoting tissue repair and functional recovery. However, transplanted stem cells show a high death percentage, creating challenges to successful transplantation and prognosis. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the mechanisms underlying stem cell death, such as apoptotic cascade activation, excessive autophagy, inflammatory response, reactive oxygen species, excitotoxicity, and ischemia/hypoxia. Targeting the molecular pathways involved may be an efficient strategy to enhance stem cell viability and maximize transplantation success. Notably, a more complex network of cell death receives more attention than one crucial pathway in determining stem cell fate, highlighting the challenges in exploring mechanisms and therapeutic targets. In this review, we focus on programmed cell death in transplanted stem cells. We also discuss some promising strategies and challenges in promoting survival for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Min Hu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Rui-Xin Zhou
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yan-Lin Wu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhi-Xin Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Dan-Yi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yi-Chao Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Rong-Hua Yang
- Department of Burns, Fo Shan Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yong-Jun Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hunan People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Kun Xiong
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
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Murphy JF, Mayourian J, Stillitano F, Munawar S, Broughton KM, Agullo-Pascual E, Sussman MA, Hajjar RJ, Costa KD, Turnbull IC. Adult human cardiac stem cell supplementation effectively increases contractile function and maturation in human engineered cardiac tissues. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:373. [PMID: 31801634 PMCID: PMC6894319 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1486-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delivery of stem cells to the failing heart is a promising therapeutic strategy. However, the improvement in cardiac function in animal studies has not fully translated to humans. To help bridge the gap between species, we investigated the effects of adult human cardiac stem cells (hCSCs) on contractile function of human engineered cardiac tissues (hECTs) as a species-specific model of the human myocardium. METHODS Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyoctes (hCMs) were mixed with Collagen/Matrigel to fabricate control hECTs, with an experimental group of hCSC-supplemented hECT fabricated using a 9:1 ratio of hCM to hCSC. Functional testing was performed starting on culture day 6, under spontaneous conditions and also during electrical pacing from 0.25 to 1.0 Hz, measurements repeated at days 8 and 10. hECTs were then frozen and processed for gene analysis using a Nanostring assay with a cardiac targeted custom panel. RESULTS The hCSC-supplemented hECTs displayed a twofold higher developed force vs. hCM-only controls by day 6, with approximately threefold higher developed stress and maximum rates of contraction and relaxation during pacing at 0.75 Hz. The spontaneous beat rate characteristics were similar between groups, and hCSC supplementation did not adversely impact beat rate variability. The increased contractility persisted through days 8 and 10, albeit with some decrease in the magnitude of the difference of the force by day 10, but with developed stress still significantly higher in hCSC-supplemented hECT; these findings were confirmed with multiple hCSC and hCM cell lines. The force-frequency relationship, while negative for both, control (- 0.687 Hz- 1; p = 0.013 vs. zero) and hCSC-supplemented (- 0.233 Hz- 1;p = 0.067 vs. zero) hECTs, showed a significant rectification in the regression slope in hCSC-supplemented hECT (p = 0.011 vs. control). Targeted gene exploration (59 genes) identified a total of 14 differentially expressed genes, with increases in the ratios of MYH7/MHY6, MYL2/MYL7, and TNNI3/TNNI1 in hCSC-supplemented hECT versus controls. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, hCSC supplementation was shown to significantly improve human cardiac tissue contractility in vitro, without evidence of proarrhythmic effects, and was associated with increased expression of markers of cardiac maturation. These findings provide new insights about adult cardiac stem cells as contributors to functional improvement of human myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack F Murphy
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Pl, Box 1030, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Joshua Mayourian
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Pl, Box 1030, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Francesca Stillitano
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Pl, Box 1030, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Sadek Munawar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Pl, Box 1030, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | | | | | - Mark A Sussman
- San Diego Heart Research Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, USA
| | | | - Kevin D Costa
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Pl, Box 1030, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Irene C Turnbull
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Pl, Box 1030, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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Therapeutic Cell Protective Role of Histochrome under Oxidative Stress in Human Cardiac Progenitor Cells. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17060368. [PMID: 31234277 PMCID: PMC6628112 DOI: 10.3390/md17060368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) are resident stem cells present in a small portion of ischemic hearts and function in repairing the damaged heart tissue. Intense oxidative stress impairs cell metabolism thereby decreasing cell viability. Protecting CPCs from undergoing cellular apoptosis during oxidative stress is crucial in optimizing CPC-based therapy. Histochrome (sodium salt of echinochrome A—a common sea urchin pigment) is an antioxidant drug that has been clinically used as a pharmacologic agent for ischemia/reperfusion injury in Russia. However, the mechanistic effect of histochrome on CPCs has never been reported. We investigated the protective effect of histochrome pretreatment on human CPCs (hCPCs) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress. Annexin V/7-aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD) assay revealed that histochrome-treated CPCs showed significant protective effects against H2O2-induced cell death. The anti-apoptotic proteins B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-xL were significantly upregulated, whereas the pro-apoptotic proteins BCL2-associated X (Bax), H2O2-induced cleaved caspase-3, and the DNA damage marker, phosphorylated histone (γH2A.X) foci, were significantly downregulated upon histochrome treatment of hCPCs in vitro. Further, prolonged incubation with histochrome alleviated the replicative cellular senescence of hCPCs. In conclusion, we report the protective effect of histochrome against oxidative stress and present the use of a potent and bio-safe cell priming agent as a potential therapeutic strategy in patient-derived hCPCs to treat heart disease.
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Khatiwala RV, Zhang S, Li X, Devejian N, Bennett E, Cai C. Inhibition of p16 INK4A to Rejuvenate Aging Human Cardiac Progenitor Cells via the Upregulation of Anti-oxidant and NFκB Signal Pathways. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2018; 14:612-625. [PMID: 29675777 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-018-9815-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Autologous human cardiac stem/progenitor cell (hCPC) therapy is a promising treatment that has come into use in recent years for patients with cardiomyopathy. Though innovative in theory, a major hindrance to the practical application of this treatment is that the hCPCs of elderly patients, who are most susceptible to myocardial disease, are senescent and prone to cell death. Rejuvenating hCPCs from elderly patients may help overcome this obstacle, and can be accomplished by reversing entry into the cellular stage of senescence. p16INK4A, a cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor, is an important player in the regulation of cell senescence. In this study, we investigated whether knockdown of p16INK4A will rejuvenate aging hCPCs to a youthful phenotype. Our data indicated that upregulation of p16INK4A is associated with hCPC senescence. Both cell proliferation and survival capacity were significantly increased in hCPCs infected with lentivirus expressing p16INK4A shRNA when compared to control hCPCs. The knockdown of p16INK4A also induced antioxidant properties as indicated by a 50% decrease in ROS generation at basal cell metabolism, and a 25% decrease in ROS generation after exposure to oxidative stress. Genes associated with cell senescence (p21CIP1), anti-apoptosis (BCL2 and MCL1), anti-oxidant (CYGB, PRDX1 and SRXN1), and NFκB signal pathway (p65, IKBKB, HMOX1, etc.), were significantly upregulated after the p16INK4A knockdown. Knocking down the NFĸB-p65 expression also significantly diminished the cytoprotective effect caused by the p16INK4A knockdown. Our results suggest that genetic knockdown of p16INK4A may play a significant role in inducing antioxidant effects and extending lifespan of aging hCPCs. This genetic modification may enhance the effectiveness of autologous hCPC therapy for repair of infarcted myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshni V Khatiwala
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, & Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Shuning Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, & Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Xiuchun Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, & Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Neil Devejian
- Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Edward Bennett
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Chuanxi Cai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, & Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
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10
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Shi HY, Yan SM, Guo YM, Zhang BQ, Guo XY, Shi BL. Vitamin A pretreatment protects NO-induced bovine mammary epithelial cells from oxidative stress by modulating Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathways. J Anim Sci 2018; 96:1305-1316. [PMID: 29669072 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that physiological overproduction of nitric oxide (NO) contributes to oxidative stress and inflammation. Our published studies indicated that vitamin A (VA) reduces NO-induced oxidative stress in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities. However, the precise mechanism is unclear. The present study was conducted to examine the protective effects of VA on NO-induced damage to BMECs in vitro using diethylenetriamine nitric oxide (DETA-NO) as the NO donor and to explore the intracellular signaling mechanisms of VA that involve nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB). Subconfluent BMECs were divided into 10 treatment groups with 6 replicates per treatment and were cultured with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, vehicle negative control) or 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, or 4 μg/mL of VA for 24 h and then incubated in the absence or presence of DETA-NO (1,000 μmol/liter) and VA for an additional 6 h. The results showed that exposure to DETA alone decreased cell proliferation compared with the negative control. Pretreatment with VA promoted the proliferation of BMECs, increased the activities of antioxidative enzymes including selenoprotein glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and their gene and protein expression but decreased NO and interleukin 1 (IL-1) contents in a quadratic manner (P < 0.05). In addition, the expression of mRNA and protein of factors that are related to NF-κB or Nrf2 signaling pathways in BMECs were regulated by VA in a quadratic dose-dependent manner; VA at a concentration of 1 μg/mL exhibited the strongest effect. Together, these results suggest that VA promotes antioxidant functions of BMECs by regulating the synthesis of selenoproteins including GPx and TrxR and by reducing concentrations of IL-1 and NO in vitro by modulating Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Shi
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China
| | - S M Yan
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China
| | - Y M Guo
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China
| | - B Q Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China
| | - X Y Guo
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China
| | - B L Shi
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China
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Li G, Che H, Wu WY, Jie LJ, Xiao GS, Wang Y, Li GR. Bradykinin-mediated Ca 2+ signalling regulates cell growth and mobility in human cardiac c-Kit + progenitor cells. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:4688-4699. [PMID: 30117680 PMCID: PMC6156395 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Our recent study showed that bradykinin increases cell cycling progression and migration of human cardiac c‐Kit+ progenitor cells by activating pAkt and pERK1/2 signals. This study investigated whether bradykinin‐mediated Ca2+ signalling participates in regulating cellular functions in cultured human cardiac c‐Kit+ progenitor cells using laser scanning confocal microscopy and biochemical approaches. It was found that bradykinin increased cytosolic free Ca2+ (Cai2+) by triggering a transient Ca2+ release from ER IP3Rs followed by sustained Ca2+ influx through store‐operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) channel. Blockade of B2 receptor with HOE140 or IP3Rs with araguspongin B or silencing IP3R3 with siRNA abolished both Ca2+ release and Ca2+ influx. It is interesting to note that the bradykinin‐induced cell cycle progression and migration were not observed in cells with siRNA‐silenced IP3R3 or the SOCE component TRPC1, Orai1 or STIM1. Also the bradykinin‐induced increase in pAkt and pERK1/2 as well as cyclin D1 was reduced in these cells. These results demonstrate for the first time that bradykinin‐mediated increase in free Cai2+ via ER‐IP3R3 Ca2+ release followed by Ca2+ influx through SOCE channel plays a crucial role in regulating cell growth and migration via activating pAkt, pERK1/2 and cyclin D1 in human cardiac c‐Kit+ progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hui Che
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei-Yin Wu
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ling-Jun Jie
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Guo-Sheng Xiao
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Gui-Rong Li
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
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12
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Li X, He P, Wang XL, Zhang S, Devejian N, Bennett E, Cai C. Sulfiredoxin-1 enhances cardiac progenitor cell survival against oxidative stress via the upregulation of the ERK/NRF2 signal pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 123:8-19. [PMID: 29772252 PMCID: PMC5999586 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac stem/progenitor cells (CPCs) have recently emerged as a potentially transformative regenerative medicine to repair the infarcted heart. However, the limited survival of donor cells is one of the major challenges for CPC therapy. Our recent research effort on preconditioning human CPCs (hCPCs) with cobalt protoporphyrin (CoPP) indicated that sulfiredoxin-1 (SRXN1) is upregulated upon preconditioning aldehyde dehydrogenase bright hCPCs (ALDHbr-hCPCs) with CoPP. Further studies demonstrated that overexpressing SRXN1 enhanced the survival capacity for ALDHbr-hCPCs. This was associated with the up-regulation of anti-apoptotic factors, including BCL2 and BCL-xL. Meanwhile, overexpressing SRXN1 decreased the ROS generation and mitochondrial membrane potential, concomitant with the up-regulated primary antioxidant systems, such as PRDX1, PRDX3, TXNRD1, Catalase and SOD2. It was also observed that overexpressing SRXN1 increased the migration, proliferation, and cardiac differentiation of ALDHbr-hCPCs. Interestingly, SRXN1 activated the ERK/NRF2 cell survival signaling pathway, which may be the underlying mechanism through which overexpressing SRXN1 lead to protection of hCPCs against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. Taken together, these results provide a rationale for the exploration of SRXN1 as a novel molecular target that can be used to enhance the effectiveness of cardiac stem/progenitor cell therapy for ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuchun Li
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, & Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Pan He
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, & Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; Laboratory for Cancer Signal Transduction, Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, PR China
| | - Xiao-Liang Wang
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, & Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Shuning Zhang
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, & Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Neil Devejian
- Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Albany Medical Center, NY 12208, USA
| | - Edward Bennett
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Albany Medical Center, NY 12208, USA
| | - Chuanxi Cai
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, & Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
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13
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Ma W, Ding F, Wang X, Huang Q, Zhang L, Bi C, Hua B, Yuan Y, Han Z, Jin M, Liu T, Yu Y, Cai B, Du Z. By Targeting Atg7 MicroRNA-143 Mediates Oxidative Stress-Induced Autophagy of c-Kit + Mouse Cardiac Progenitor Cells. EBioMedicine 2018; 32:182-191. [PMID: 29858017 PMCID: PMC6021267 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic efficiency of cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) transplantation is limited by its low survival and retention in infarcted myocardium. Autophagy plays a critical role in regulating cell death and apoptosis, but the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in oxidative stress-induced autophagy of CPCs remains unclear. This study aimed to explore if miRNAs mediate autophagy of c-kit+ CPCs. We found that the silencing of miR-143 promoted the autophagy of c-kit+ CPCs in response to H2O2, and the protective effect of miR-143 inhibitor was abrogated by autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA). Furthermore, autophagy-related gene 7 (Atg7) was identified as the target gene of miR-143 by dual luciferase reporter assays. In vivo, after transfection with miR-143 inhibitor, c-kit+ CPCs from green fluorescent protein transgenic mice were more observed in infarcted mouse hearts. Moreover, transplantation of c-kit+ CPCs with miR-143 inhibitor improved cardiac function after myocardial infarction. Take together, our study demonstrated that miR-143 mediates oxidative stress-induced autophagy to enhance the survival of c-kit+ CPCs by targeting Atg7, which will provide a complementary approach for improving CPC-based heart repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Ma
- Department of Pharmacy of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University (Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Harbin Medical University), Harbin, China; Department of Pharmacology (Key Laboratoryof Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fengzhi Ding
- Department of Pharmacy of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University (Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Harbin Medical University), Harbin, China; Department of Pharmacology (Key Laboratoryof Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiuxiu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University (Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Harbin Medical University), Harbin, China; Department of Pharmacology (Key Laboratoryof Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Pharmacy of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University (Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Harbin Medical University), Harbin, China; Department of Pharmacology (Key Laboratoryof Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lai Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University (Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Harbin Medical University), Harbin, China; Department of Pharmacology (Key Laboratoryof Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chongwei Bi
- Department of Pharmacy of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University (Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Harbin Medical University), Harbin, China; Department of Pharmacology (Key Laboratoryof Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bingjie Hua
- Department of Pharmacy of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University (Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Harbin Medical University), Harbin, China; Department of Pharmacology (Key Laboratoryof Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University (Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Harbin Medical University), Harbin, China; Department of Pharmacology (Key Laboratoryof Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhenbo Han
- Department of Pharmacy of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University (Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Harbin Medical University), Harbin, China; Department of Pharmacology (Key Laboratoryof Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mengyu Jin
- Department of Pharmacy of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University (Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Harbin Medical University), Harbin, China; Department of Pharmacology (Key Laboratoryof Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tianyi Liu
- Department of Pharmacy of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University (Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Harbin Medical University), Harbin, China; Department of Pharmacology (Key Laboratoryof Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Pharmacy of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University (Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Harbin Medical University), Harbin, China; Department of Pharmacology (Key Laboratoryof Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Benzhi Cai
- Department of Pharmacy of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University (Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Harbin Medical University), Harbin, China; Department of Pharmacology (Key Laboratoryof Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Zhimin Du
- Department of Pharmacy of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University (Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Harbin Medical University), Harbin, China; Department of Pharmacology (Key Laboratoryof Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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14
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Current Progress in the Rejuvenation of Aging Stem/Progenitor Cells for Improving the Therapeutic Effectiveness of Myocardial Repair. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:9308301. [PMID: 29760740 PMCID: PMC5926481 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9308301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease affects a majority of people, especially elderly patients. Recent studies have utilized autologous adult stem/progenitor cells as a treatment option to heal cardiac tissue after myocardial infarction. However, donor cells from aging patients are more likely to be in a senescent stage. Rejuvenation is required to reverse the damage levied by aging and promote a youthful phenotype. This review aims to discuss current strategies that are effective in rejuvenating aging cardiac stem cells and represent novel therapeutic methods to treat the aging heart. Recent literature mainly focuses on three approaches that aim to reverse cardiac aging: genetic modification, pharmaceutical administration, and optimization of extracellular factors. In vitro genetic modification can be used to overexpress or knock down certain genes and allow for reversal of the aging phenotype. Pharmaceutical administration is another approach that allows for manipulation of signaling pathways related to cell proliferation and cell senescence. Since the stem cell niche can contribute to the age-related decline in stem cell function, rejuvenation strategies also include optimization of extracellular factors. Overall, improving the intrinsic properties of aging stem cells as well as the surrounding environment allows these cells to adopt a phenotype similar to their younger counterparts.
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15
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Saheera S, Potnuri AG, Nair RR. Modulation of cardiac stem cell characteristics by metoprolol in hypertensive heart disease. Hypertens Res 2018; 41:253-262. [PMID: 29449707 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-018-0015-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac stem cells (CSCs) play a vital role in cardiac remodeling. Uncontrolled hypertension leads to cardiac hypertrophy, followed by cardiac failure. Pathological remodeling is associated with enhanced oxidative stress. Decreased cardiac stem cell efficiency is speculated in heart diseases. Maintaining a healthy stem cell population is essential for preventing progressive cardiac remodeling. Some anti-hypertensive drugs are cardioprotective. However, the effect of these drugs on CSCs has not been investigated. Metoprolol is a cardioprotective anti-hypertensive agent. To examine whether metoprolol can prevent the deterioration of CSC efficiency, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were treated with this drug, and the effects on stem cell function were evaluated. Six-month-old male SHRs were treated with metoprolol (50 mg × kg-1per day) for 2 months. The effectiveness of the treatment at reducing blood pressure and reducing hypertrophy was ensured, and the animals were killed. Cardiac stem cells were isolated from the atrial tissue, and the effect of metoprolol on stem cell migration, proliferation, differentiation, and survival was evaluated by comparing the treated SHRs with untreated SHRs and normotensive Wistar rats. Compared to the Wistar rats, the SHR rats presented with a decrease in stem cell migration and proliferation and an increase in intracellular oxidative stress and senescence. Treating SHRs with metoprolol increased CSC migration and proliferation potential and stemness retention. Cellular senescence and oxidative stress were reduced. The attributes of stem cells from the metoprolol-treated SHRs were comparable to those of the Wistar rats. The restoration of stem cell efficiency is expected to prevent hypertension-induced progressive cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherin Saheera
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695011, India
| | - Ajay Godwin Potnuri
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695011, India
| | - Renuka R Nair
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695011, India.
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16
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Shi B, Wang Y, Zhao R, Long X, Deng W, Wang Z. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal miR-21 protects C-kit+ cardiac stem cells from oxidative injury through the PTEN/PI3K/Akt axis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191616. [PMID: 29444190 PMCID: PMC5812567 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell (SC) therapy for ischemic cardiomyopathy is hampered by poor survival of the implanted cells. Recently, SC-derived exosomes have been shown to facilitate cell proliferation and survival by transporting various proteins and non-coding RNAs (such as microRNAs and lncRNAs). In this study, miR-21 was highly enriched in exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Interestingly, exosomes collected from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-treated MSCs (H-Exo) contained higher levels of miR-21 than exosomes released from MSCs under normal conditions (N-Exo). The pre-treatment of C-kit+ cardiac stem cells (CSCs) with H-Exos resulted in significantly increased levels of miR-21 and phosphor-Akt (pAkt) and decreased levels of PTEN, which is a known target of miR-21. AnnexinV-FITC/PI analysis further demonstrated that the degree of oxidative stress-induced apoptosis was markedly lower in H-Exo-treated C-kit+ CSCs than that in N-Exo-treated cells. These protective effects could be blocked by both a miR-21 inhibitor and the PI3K/Akt inhibitor LY294002. Therefore, exosomal miR-21 derived from H2O2-treated MSCs could be transported to C-kit+ cardiac stem cells to functionally inhibit PTEN expression, thereby activating PI3K/AKT signaling and leading to protection against oxidative stress-triggered cell death. Thus, exosomes derived from MSCs could be used as a new therapeutic vehicle to facilitate C-kit+ CSC therapies in the ischemic myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Ranzhun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Xianping Long
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Wenwen Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhenglong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
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17
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Chen HY, Pan L, Yang HL, Xia P, Yu WC, Tang WQ, Zhang YX, Chen SF, Xue YZ, Wang LX. Integrin alpha5beta1 suppresses rBMSCs anoikis and promotes nitric oxide production. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 99:1-8. [PMID: 29324307 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell based therapy has been heralded as a novel, promising therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular diseases including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the low survival rate after transplantation due to cell death via anoikis is a major obstacle in stem cell therapy. Cells adhesion via Integrin alpha5beta1 (ITGA5B1) has a tendency to exert higher maximum forces. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential protective effect of ITGA5B1 on rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) from anoikis. METHODS Mononuclear cells were isolated by density gradient centrifugation with Ficoll, and rBMSCs cell surface markers were evaluated by flow cytometry. Osteogenic and adipocyte differentiation was determined by Alizarin Red S and Oil Red O staining respectively. The expression of Integrin A5 (ITGA5), Integrin B1 (ITGB1), eNOS and actived-caspase-3 mRNA or protein was confirmed by qPCR and western-blot. Cell adhesion, cell viability, anoikis and the migration of rBMSCs were also evaluated. Nitric oxide (NO) production was detected by the greiss assay. RESULTS Co-infected with Integrin A5 and B1 lentivirus to rBMSCs increased ITGA5 and ITGB1 mRNA and protein expression. ITGA5B1 enhanced the cell adhesion, cell viability, cell migration and NO production but reduced the cell anoikis in rBMSCs/ITGA5B1 groups. CONCLUSION Transduction of rat rBMSCs with ITGA5B1 lentivirus could prevent cell anoikis and increase NO production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ying Chen
- Central laboratory, and key laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medical Biology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Li Pan
- Central laboratory, and key laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medical Biology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Hong-Li Yang
- Central laboratory, and key laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medical Biology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Peng Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Wan-Cheng Yu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong Universtity, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Wen-Qiang Tang
- Central laboratory, and key laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medical Biology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Ying-Xin Zhang
- Central laboratory, and key laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medical Biology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Shuang-Feng Chen
- Central laboratory, and key laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medical Biology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Yu-Zeng Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China.
| | - Le-Xin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China; School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia.
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18
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Zhang S, Li X, Jourd'heuil FL, Qu S, Devejian N, Bennett E, Jourd'heuil D, Cai C. Cytoglobin Promotes Cardiac Progenitor Cell Survival against Oxidative Stress via the Upregulation of the NFκB/iNOS Signal Pathway and Nitric Oxide Production. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10754. [PMID: 28883470 PMCID: PMC5589853 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11342-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Human cardiac stem/progenitor cells (hCPCs) may serve in regenerative medicine to repair the infarcted heart. However, this approach is severely limited by the poor survival of donor cells. Recent studies suggest that the mammalian globin cytoglobin (CYGB) regulates nitric oxide (NO) metabolism and cell death. In the present study, we found that CYGB is expressed in hCPCs. Through molecular approaches aimed at increasing or decreasing CYGB expression in hCPCs, we found that CYGB functions as a pro-survival factor in response to oxidative stress. This was associated with the upregulation of primary antioxidant systems such as peroxiredoxins-1, heme oxygenase-1, and anti-apoptotic factors, including BCL2, BCL-XL, and MCL1. Most significantly, we established that CYGB increased the expression of NFкB-dependent genes including iNOS, and that iNOS-dependent NO production was required for a feedforward loop that maintains CYGB expression. Our study delineates for the first time a role for a globin in regulating hCPC survival and establishes mechanistic insights in the function of CYGB. It provides a rationale for the exploration of the CYGB pathway as a molecular target that can be used to enhance the effectiveness of cardiac stem/progenitor cell therapy for ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuning Zhang
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, & Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Xiuchun Li
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, & Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Frances L Jourd'heuil
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, & Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Shunlin Qu
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, & Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Neil Devejian
- Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Edward Bennett
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - David Jourd'heuil
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, & Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
| | - Chuanxi Cai
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, & Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
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19
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Yue R, Fu W, Liao X, Lan C, Liao Q, Li L, Yang D, Xia X, Chen X, Zeng C, Wang WE. Metformin promotes the survival of transplanted cardiosphere-derived cells thereby enhancing their therapeutic effect against myocardial infarction. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:17. [PMID: 28129786 PMCID: PMC5273815 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0476-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transplantation of cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) has been shown to exert a therapeutic effect in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). However, poor survival of transplanted CDCs limits their beneficial effect. Metformin (MET) activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) which is associated with cell survival. The aim of this study is to determine whether MET improves CDC survival in the transplantation microenvironment and enhances the therapeutic effect of CDC transplantation against MI. METHODS CDCs were isolated and expanded from transgenic β-actin-GFP mice. CDCs were pretreated with MET and intramyocardially injected into wild-type C57 mouse heart with MI injury. The survival of CDCs was quantified, and the infarct size and cardiac function of treated hearts were evaluated. RESULTS CDC transplantation modestly reduced infarct size and improved cardiac function in the post-MI heart, which was further improved by MET treatment. MET pretreatment significantly increased the survival of CDCs transplanted into the myocardium. MET also reduced CDC apoptosis induced by oxidative stress in vitro. The anti-apoptotic effect of MET was blocked by the AMPK inhibitor compound C. MET increased AMPK phosphorylation and upregulated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in CDCs under oxidative stress, which might be associated with the anti-apoptotic effect of MET. CONCLUSIONS MET improves the survival of transplanted CDCs in the myocardium, thereby enhancing their therapeutic effect against MI injury. The pro-survival function of MET on CDCs might be associated with an AMPK-eNOS-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongchuan Yue
- 0000 0004 1760 6682grid.410570.7Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Chongqing institute of Cardiology, Third Military Medical University, 10 Changjiangzhilu Road, , Yuzhong District Chongqing, 400042 China ,Department of Cardiology, Chuanbei Medical College, Sichuan, 637007 China
| | - Wenbin Fu
- 0000 0004 1760 6682grid.410570.7Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Chongqing institute of Cardiology, Third Military Medical University, 10 Changjiangzhilu Road, , Yuzhong District Chongqing, 400042 China
| | - Xiang Liao
- 0000 0004 1760 6682grid.410570.7Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Chongqing institute of Cardiology, Third Military Medical University, 10 Changjiangzhilu Road, , Yuzhong District Chongqing, 400042 China
| | - Cong Lan
- 0000 0004 1760 6682grid.410570.7Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Chongqing institute of Cardiology, Third Military Medical University, 10 Changjiangzhilu Road, , Yuzhong District Chongqing, 400042 China
| | - Qiao Liao
- 0000 0004 1760 6682grid.410570.7Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Chongqing institute of Cardiology, Third Military Medical University, 10 Changjiangzhilu Road, , Yuzhong District Chongqing, 400042 China
| | - Liangpeng Li
- 0000 0004 1760 6682grid.410570.7Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Chongqing institute of Cardiology, Third Military Medical University, 10 Changjiangzhilu Road, , Yuzhong District Chongqing, 400042 China
| | - Dezhong Yang
- 0000 0004 1760 6682grid.410570.7Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Chongqing institute of Cardiology, Third Military Medical University, 10 Changjiangzhilu Road, , Yuzhong District Chongqing, 400042 China
| | - Xuewei Xia
- 0000 0004 1760 6682grid.410570.7Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Chongqing institute of Cardiology, Third Military Medical University, 10 Changjiangzhilu Road, , Yuzhong District Chongqing, 400042 China
| | - Xiongwen Chen
- 0000 0004 1760 6682grid.410570.7Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Chongqing institute of Cardiology, Third Military Medical University, 10 Changjiangzhilu Road, , Yuzhong District Chongqing, 400042 China
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- 0000 0004 1760 6682grid.410570.7Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Chongqing institute of Cardiology, Third Military Medical University, 10 Changjiangzhilu Road, , Yuzhong District Chongqing, 400042 China
| | - Wei Eric Wang
- 0000 0004 1760 6682grid.410570.7Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Chongqing institute of Cardiology, Third Military Medical University, 10 Changjiangzhilu Road, , Yuzhong District Chongqing, 400042 China
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Grievink H, Zeltcer G, Drenger B, Berenshtein E, Chevion M. Protection by Nitric Oxide Donors of Isolated Rat Hearts Is Associated with Activation of Redox Metabolism and Ferritin Accumulation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159951. [PMID: 27447933 PMCID: PMC4957751 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Preconditioning (PC) procedures (ischemic or pharmacological) are powerful procedures used for attaining protection against prolonged ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury, in a variety of organs, including the heart. The detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the protection by PC are however, complex and only partially understood. Recently, an ‘iron-based mechanism’ (IBM), that includes de novo ferritin synthesis and accumulation, was proposed to explain the specific steps in cardioprotection generated by IPC. The current study investigated whether nitric oxide (NO), generated by exogenous NO-donors, could play a role in the observed IBM of cardioprotection by IPC. Therefore, three distinct NO-donors were investigated at different concentrations (1–10 μM): sodium nitroprusside (SNP), 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) and S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP). Isolated rat hearts were retrogradely perfused using the Langendorff configuration and subjected to prolonged ischemia and reperfusion with or without pretreatment by NO-donors. Hemodynamic parameters, infarct sizes and proteins of the methionine-centered redox cycle (MCRC) were analyzed, as well as cytosolic aconitase (CA) activity and ferritin protein levels. All NO-donors had significant effects on proteins involved in the MCRC system. Nonetheless, pretreatment with 10 μM SNAP was found to evoke the strongest effects on Msr activity, thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase protein levels. These effects were accompanied with a significant reduction in infarct size, increased CA activity, and ferritin accumulation. Conversely, pretreatment with 2 μM SIN-1 increased infarct size and was associated with slightly lower ferritin protein levels. In conclusion, the abovementioned findings indicate that NO, depending on its bio-active redox form, can regulate iron metabolism and plays a role in the IBM of cardioprotection against reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilbert Grievink
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Hebrew University—Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Galina Zeltcer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Radiology, Hebrew University—Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Benjamin Drenger
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Hebrew University—Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eduard Berenshtein
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Electron Microscopy Unit, The Core Research Facility, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mordechai Chevion
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- * E-mail:
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