1
|
Asthana S, Mott J, Tong M, Pei Z, Mao Y. The Exon Junction Complex Factor RBM8A in Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein-Expressing Astrocytes Modulates Locomotion Behaviors. Cells 2024; 13:498. [PMID: 38534343 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of RNA Binding Motif Protein 8a (RBM8A), an exon junction complex (EJC) component, in neurodevelopmental disorders has been increasingly studied for its crucial role in regulating multiple levels of gene expression. It regulates mRNA splicing, translation, and mRNA degradation and influences embryonic development. RBM8A protein is expressed in both neurons and astrocytes, but little is known about RBM8A's specific role in glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP)-positive astrocytes. To address the role of RBM8A in astrocytes, we generated a conditional heterozygous knockout (KO) mouse line of Rbm8a in astrocytes using a GFAP-cre line. We confirmed a decreased expression of RBM8A in astrocytes of heterozygous conditional KO mice via RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing, as well as qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot. Interestingly, these mice exhibit significantly increased movement and mobility, alongside sex-specific altered anxiety in the open field test (OFT) and elevated plus maze (OPM) tests. These tests, along with the rotarod test, suggest that these mice have normal motor coordination but hyperactive phenotypes. In addition, the haploinsufficiency of Rbm8a in astrocytes leads to a sex-specific change in astrocyte density in the dentate gyrus. This study further reveals the contribution of Rbm8a deletion to CNS pathology, generating more insights via the glial lens of an Rbm8a model of neurodevelopmental disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shravan Asthana
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior Street, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jennifer Mott
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Mabel Tong
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Zifei Pei
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Yingwei Mao
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhao G, Dong H, Dai L, Xie H, Sun H, Zhang J, Wang Q, Xu C, Yin K. Proteomics analysis of Toxoplasma gondii merozoites reveals regulatory proteins involved in sexual reproduction. Microb Pathog 2024; 186:106484. [PMID: 38052278 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Sexual reproduction plays a crucial role in the transmission and life cycle of toxoplasmosis. The merozoites are the only developmental stage capable of differentiation into male and female gametes, thereby initiating sexual reproduction to form oocysts that are excreted into the environment. Hence, our study aimed to perform proteomic analyses of T. gondii Pru strain merozoites, a pre-sexual developmental stage in cat IECs, and tachyzoites, an asexual developmental stage, using the tandem mass tag (TMT) method in order to identify the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) of merozoites. Proteins functions were subjected to cluster analysis, and DEPs were validated through the qPCR method. The results showed that a total of 106 proteins were identified, out of which 85 proteins had quantitative data. Among these, 15 proteins were differentially expressed within merozoites, with four exhibiting up-regulation and being closely associated with the material and energy metabolism as well as the cell division of T. gondii. Two novel DEPs, namely S8GHL5 and A0A125YP41, were identified, and their homologous family members have been demonstrated to play regulatory roles in oocyte maturation and spermatogenesis in other species. Therefore, they may potentially exhibit regulatory functions during the differentiation of micro- and macro-gametophytes at the initiation stage of sexual reproduction in T. gondii. In conclusion, our results showed that the metabolic and divisional activities in the merozoites surpass those in the tachyzoites, thereby providing structural, material, and energetic support for gametophytes development. The discovery of two novel DEPs associated with sexual reproduction represents a significant advancement in understanding Toxoplasma sexual reproduction initiation and oocyst formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Zhao
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 11 Taibai Middle Road, Jining City, Shandong Province, 272033, China.
| | - Hongjie Dong
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 11 Taibai Middle Road, Jining City, Shandong Province, 272033, China.
| | - Lisha Dai
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 11 Taibai Middle Road, Jining City, Shandong Province, 272033, China.
| | - Huanhuan Xie
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 11 Taibai Middle Road, Jining City, Shandong Province, 272033, China.
| | - Hang Sun
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 11 Taibai Middle Road, Jining City, Shandong Province, 272033, China.
| | - Junmei Zhang
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 11 Taibai Middle Road, Jining City, Shandong Province, 272033, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 11 Taibai Middle Road, Jining City, Shandong Province, 272033, China.
| | - Chao Xu
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 11 Taibai Middle Road, Jining City, Shandong Province, 272033, China.
| | - Kun Yin
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 11 Taibai Middle Road, Jining City, Shandong Province, 272033, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chang J, Shin MK, Park J, Hwang HJ, Locker N, Ahn J, Kim D, Baek D, Park Y, Lee Y, Boo SH, Kim HI, Kim YK. An interaction between eIF4A3 and eIF3g drives the internal initiation of translation. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:10950-10969. [PMID: 37811880 PMCID: PMC10639049 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
An RNA structure or modified RNA sequences can provide a platform for ribosome loading and internal translation initiation. The functional significance of internal translation has recently been highlighted by the discovery that a subset of circular RNAs (circRNAs) is internally translated. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the internal initiation of translation in circRNAs remain unclear. Here, we identify eIF3g (a subunit of eIF3 complex) as a binding partner of eIF4A3, a core component of the exon-junction complex (EJC) that is deposited onto spliced mRNAs and plays multiple roles in the regulation of gene expression. The direct interaction between eIF4A3-eIF3g serves as a molecular linker between the eIF4A3 and eIF3 complex, thereby facilitating internal ribosomal entry. Protein synthesis from in vitro-synthesized circRNA demonstrates eIF4A3-driven internal translation, which relies on the eIF4A3-eIF3g interaction. Furthermore, our transcriptome-wide analysis shows that efficient polysomal association of endogenous circRNAs requires eIF4A3. Notably, a subset of endogenous circRNAs can express a full-length intact protein, such as β-catenin, in an eIF4A3-dependent manner. Collectively, our results expand the understanding of the protein-coding potential of the human transcriptome, including circRNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeeyoon Chang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Shin
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Joori Park
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Hwang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Nicolas Locker
- Department of Microbial and Cellular Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7HX, UK
| | - Junhak Ahn
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Doyeon Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehyun Baek
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonkyoung Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ho Boo
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-In Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ki Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yu CL, Chuang TW, Samuel SY, Lou YC, Tarn WY. Co-phase separation of Y14 and RNA in vitro and its implication for DNA repair. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 29:1007-1019. [PMID: 37001915 DOI: 10.1261/rna.079514.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The multifunctional RNA recognition motif-containing protein Y14/RBM8A participates in mRNA metabolism and is essential for the efficient repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Y14 contains highly charged, low-complexity sequences in both the amino- and carboxy-terminal domains. The feature of charge segregation suggests that Y14 may undergo liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). Recombinant Y14 formed phase-separated droplets, which were sensitive to pH and salt concentration. Domain mapping suggested that LLPS of Y14 involves multivalent electrostatic interactions and is partly determined by the net charge of its low-complexity regions. Phospho-mimicry of the carboxy-terminal arginine-serine dipeptides of Y14 suppressed phase separation. Moreover, RNA could phase separate into Y14 droplets and modulate Y14 LLPS in a concentration-dependent manner. Finally, the capacity of Y14 in LLPS and coacervation with RNA in vitro correlated with its activity in DSB repair. These results reveal a molecular rule for LLPS of Y14 in vitro and an implication for its co-condensation with RNA in genome stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Lin Yu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Wei Chuang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Sabrina Yeo Samuel
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chao Lou
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Woan-Yuh Tarn
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lin Y, Liang R, Qiu Y, Lv Y, Zhang J, Qin G, Yuan C, Liu Z, Li Y, Zou D, Mao Y. Expression and gene regulation network of RBM8A in hepatocellular carcinoma based on data mining. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:423-447. [PMID: 30670676 PMCID: PMC6366983 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
RNA binding motif protein 8A (RBM8A) is an RNA binding protein in a core component of the exon junction complex. Abnormal RBM8A expression is associated with carcinogenesis. We used sequencing data from the Cancer Genome Atlas database and Gene Expression Omnibus, analyzed RBM8A expression and gene regulation networks in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Expression was analyzed using OncomineTM and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis tools, while RBM8A alterations and related functional networks were identified using cBioPortal. LinkedOmics was used to identify differential gene expression with RBM8A and to analyze Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways. Gene enrichment analysis examined target networks of kinases, miRNAs and transcription factors. We found that RBM8A is overexpressed and the RBM8A gene often amplified in HCC. Expression of this gene is linked to functional networks involving the ribosome and RNA metabolic signaling pathways. Functional network analysis suggested that RBM8A regulates the spliceosome, ribosome, DNA replication and cell cycle signaling via pathways involving several cancer-related kinases, miRNAs and E2F Transcription Factor 1. Our results demonstrate that data mining efficiently reveals information about RBM8A expression and potential regulatory networks in HCC, laying a foundation for further study of the role of RBM8A in carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Liang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufen Qiu
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital and Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Lv
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Langdong Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Qin
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunling Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghua Zou
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingwei Mao
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ma Q, Tatsuno T, Nakamura Y, Ishigaki Y. The stability of Magoh and Y14 depends on their heterodimer formation and nuclear localization. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 511:631-636. [PMID: 30826064 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.02.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Reduced expression of the Y14 gene is a cause of Thrombocytopenia-absent radius (TAR) syndrome. This gene contains a conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM) in the central region and nuclear localization/export sequences (NLS/NES) in the N-terminal. Y14 and Magoh proteins form tight heterodimers and are the core of exon junction complexes (EJCs), which mediate various processes of mRNA metabolism after transcription. In this report, we found that protein expression levels of exogenously expressed Magoh L136R and Y14 L118R (leucine-to-arginine substitution at amino acid residue 136 and 118 respectively, that results in the formation of the complex being lost) are lower than their wild-types. This reduction is likely caused by protein levels, as no difference in mRNA levels was detected. Meanwhile, a cycloheximide chase assay determined that the degradation rates of Magoh L136R and Y14 L118R were faster than their wild-types. Both Y14 L118R and Magoh L136R lost the ability to form heterodimers with corresponding wild-type proteins. However, Y14 L118R is able to still localize in the nucleus which causes the stability of Y14 L118R to be higher than Magoh L136R. These results reveal that the stability of Magoh and Y14 is not only dependent on the heterodimer structure, but also dependent on nuclear localization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Ma
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Takanori Tatsuno
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Japan
| | - Yuka Nakamura
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Ishigaki
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Promoter-proximal pausing mediated by the exon junction complex regulates splicing. Nat Commun 2019; 10:521. [PMID: 30705266 PMCID: PMC6355915 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08381-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Promoter-proximal pausing of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is a widespread transcriptional regulatory step across metazoans. Here we find that the nuclear exon junction complex (pre-EJC) is a critical and conserved regulator of this process. Depletion of pre-EJC subunits leads to a global decrease in Pol II pausing and to premature entry into elongation. This effect occurs, at least in part, via non-canonical recruitment of pre-EJC components at promoters. Failure to recruit the pre-EJC at promoters results in increased binding of the positive transcription elongation complex (P-TEFb) and in enhanced Pol II release. Notably, restoring pausing is sufficient to rescue exon skipping and the photoreceptor differentiation defect associated with depletion of pre-EJC components in vivo. We propose that the pre-EJC serves as an early transcriptional checkpoint to prevent premature entry into elongation, ensuring proper recruitment of RNA processing components that are necessary for exon definition.
Collapse
|
8
|
Exon junction complex components Y14 and Mago still play a role in budding yeast. Sci Rep 2019; 9:849. [PMID: 30696855 PMCID: PMC6351623 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36785-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Since their divergence from Pezizomycotina, the mRNA metabolism of budding yeasts have undergone regressive evolution. With the dramatic loss of introns, a number of quality control mechanisms have been simplified or lost during evolution, such as the exon junction complex (EJC). We report the identification of the core EJC components, Mago, Y14, and eIF4A3, in at least seven Saccharomycotina species, including Yarrowia lipolytica. Peripheral factors that join EJC, either to mediate its assembly (Ibp160 or Cwc22), or trigger downstream processes, are present in the same species, forming an evolutionary package. Co-immunoprecipitation studies in Y. lipolytica showed that Mago and Y14 have retained the capacity to form heterodimers, which successively bind to the peripheral factors Upf3, Aly/REF, and Pym. Phenotypes and RNA-Seq analysis of EJC mutants showed evidence of Y14 and Mago involvement in mRNA metabolism. Differences in unspliced mRNA levels suggest that Y14 binding either interferes with pre-mRNA splicing or retains mRNA in the nucleus before their export and translation. These findings indicate that yeast could be a relevant model for understanding EJC function.
Collapse
|
9
|
Gong P, Li J, He C. Exon junction complex (EJC) core genes play multiple developmental roles in Physalis floridana. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 98:545-563. [PMID: 30426309 PMCID: PMC6280879 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-018-0795-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Molecular and functional characterization of four gene families of the Physalis exon junction complex (EJC) core improved our understanding of the evolution and function of EJC core genes in plants. The exon junction complex (EJC) plays significant roles in posttranscriptional regulation of genes in eukaryotes. However, its developmental roles in plants are poorly known. We characterized four EJC core genes from Physalis floridana that were named PFMAGO, PFY14, PFeIF4AIII and PFBTZ. They shared a similar phylogenetic topology and were expressed in all examined organs. PFMAGO, PFY14 and PFeIF4AIII were localized in both the nucleus and cytoplasm while PFBTZ was mainly localized in the cytoplasm. No protein homodimerization was observed, but they could form heterodimers excluding the PFY14-PFBTZ heterodimerization. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of PFMAGO or PFY14 aborted pollen development and resulted in low plant survival due to a leaf-blight-like phenotype in the shoot apex. Carpel functionality was also impaired in the PFY14 knockdowns, whereas pollen maturation was uniquely affected in PFBTZ-VIGS plants. Once PFeIF4AIII was strongly downregulated, plant survival was reduced via a decomposing root collar after flowering and Chinese lantern morphology was distorted. The expression of Physalis orthologous genes in the DYT1-TDF1-AMS-bHLH91 regulatory cascade that is associated with pollen maturation was significantly downregulated in PFMAGO-, PFY14- and PFBTZ-VIGS flowers. Intron-retention in the transcripts of P. floridana dysfunctional tapetum1 (PFDYT1) occurred in these mutated flowers. Additionally, the expression level of WRKY genes in defense-related pathways in the shoot apex of PFMAGO- or PFY14-VIGS plants and in the root collar of PFeIF4AIII-VIGS plants was significantly downregulated. Taken together, the Physalis EJC core genes play multiple roles including a conserved role in male fertility and newly discovered roles in Chinese lantern development, carpel functionality and defense-related processes. These data increase our understanding of the evolution and functions of EJC core genes in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pichang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chaoying He
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen YC, Chang YW, Huang YS. Dysregulated Translation in Neurodevelopmental Disorders: An Overview of Autism-Risk Genes Involved in Translation. Dev Neurobiol 2018; 79:60-74. [PMID: 30430754 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Regulated local translation-whereby specific mRNAs are transported and localized in subcellular domains where they are translated in response to regional signals-allows for remote control of gene expression to concentrate proteins in subcellular compartments. Neurons are highly polarized cells with unique features favoring local control for axonal pathfinding and synaptic plasticity, which are key processes involved in constructing functional circuits in the developing brain. Neurodevelopmental disorders are caused by genetic or environmental factors that disturb the nervous system's development during prenatal and early childhood periods. The growing list of genetic mutations that affect mRNA translation raises the question of whether aberrant translatomes in individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders share common molecular features underlying their stereotypical phenotypes and, vice versa, cause a certain degree of phenotypic heterogeneity. Here, we briefly give an overview of the role of local translation during neuronal development. We take the autism-risk gene list and discuss the molecules that (perhaps) are involved in mRNA transport and translation. Both exaggerated and suppressed translation caused by mutations in those genes have been identified or suggested. Finally, we discuss some proof-of-principle regimens for use in autism mouse models to correct dysregulated translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Chu Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shuian Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Heck AM, Wilusz J. The Interplay between the RNA Decay and Translation Machinery in Eukaryotes. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2018; 10:a032839. [PMID: 29311343 PMCID: PMC5932591 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a032839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
RNA decay plays a major role in regulating gene expression and is tightly networked with other aspects of gene expression to effectively coordinate post-transcriptional regulation. The goal of this work is to provide an overview of the major factors and pathways of general messenger RNA (mRNA) decay in eukaryotic cells, and then discuss the effective interplay of this cytoplasmic process with the protein synthesis machinery. Given the transcript-specific and fluid nature of mRNA stability in response to changing cellular conditions, understanding the fundamental networking between RNA decay and translation will provide a foundation for a complete mechanistic understanding of this important aspect of cell biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Heck
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80525
- Program in Cell & Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80525
| | - Jeffrey Wilusz
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80525
- Program in Cell & Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80525
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lu CC, Lee CC, Tseng CT, Tarn WY. Y14 governs p53 expression and modulates DNA damage sensitivity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45558. [PMID: 28361991 PMCID: PMC5374521 DOI: 10.1038/srep45558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Y14 is a core component of the exon junction complex (EJC), while it also exerts cellular functions independent of the EJC. Depletion of Y14 causes G2/M arrest, DNA damage and apoptosis. Here we show that knockdown of Y14 induces the expression of an alternative spliced isoform of p53, namely p53β, in human cells. Y14, in the context of the EJC, inhibited aberrant exon inclusion during the splicing of p53 pre-mRNA, and thus prevent p53β expression. The anti-cancer agent camptothecin specifically suppressed p53β induction. Intriguingly, both depletion and overexpression of Y14 increased overall p53 protein levels, suggesting that Y14 governs the quality and quantity control of p53. Moreover, Y14 depletion unexpectedly reduced p21 protein levels, which in conjunction with aberrant p53 expression accordingly increased cell sensitivity to genotoxic agents. This study establishes a direct link between Y14 and p53 expression and suggests a function for Y14 in DNA damage signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chen Lu
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chieh Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Tzu Tseng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Woan-Yuh Tarn
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|