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Yamauchi N, Otsuka M, Ishikawa T, Kakeji Y, Kikuchi A, Masuda A, Kodama Y, Minami Y, Kamizaki K. Role of Wnt5b-Ror1 signaling in the proliferation of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells. Genes Cells 2024; 29:503-511. [PMID: 38531660 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.13115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most refractory cancers with the worst prognosis. Although several molecules are known to be associated with the progression of PDAC, the molecular mechanisms underlying the progression of PDAC remain largely elusive. The Ror-family receptors, Ror1 and Ror2, which act as a receptor(s) for Wnt-family ligands, particularly Wnt5a, are involved in the progression of various types of cancers. Here, we show that higher expression of Ror1 and Wnt5b, but not Ror2, are associated with poorer prognosis of PDAC patients, and that Ror1 and Wnt5b are expressed highly in a type of PDAC cell lines, PANC-1 cells. Knockdown of either Ror1 or Wnt5b in PANC-1 cells inhibited their proliferation significantly in vitro, and knockout of Ror1 in PANC-1 cells resulted in a significant inhibition of tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, we show that Wnt5b-Ror1 signaling in PANC-1 cells promotes their proliferation in a cell-autonomous manner by modulating our experimental setting in vitro. Collectively, these findings indicate that Wnt5b-Ror1 signaling might play an important role in the progression of some if not all of PDAC by promoting proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuko Yamauchi
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Mako Otsuka
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ishikawa
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kakeji
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Akira Kikuchi
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Masuda
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuzo Kodama
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Minami
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Koki Kamizaki
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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2
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Kamizaki K, Minami Y, Nishita M. Role of the Ror family receptors in Wnt5a signaling. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2024; 60:489-501. [PMID: 38587578 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-024-00885-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Ror-family receptors, Ror1 and Ror2, are type I transmembrane proteins that possess an extracellular cysteine-rich domain, which is conserved throughout the Frizzled-family receptors and is a binding site for Wnt ligands. Both Ror1 and Ror2 function primarily as receptors or co-receptors for Wnt5a to activate the β-catenin-independent, non-canonical Wnt signaling, thereby regulating cell polarity, migration, proliferation, and differentiation depending on the context. Ror1 and Ror2 are expressed highly in many tissues during embryogenesis but minimally or scarcely in adult tissues, with some exceptions. In contrast, Ror1 and Ror2 are expressed in many types of cancers, and their high expression often contributes to the progression of the disease. Therefore, Ror1 and Ror2 have been proposed as potential targets for the treatment of the malignancies. In this review, we provide an overview of the regulatory mechanisms of Ror1/Ror2 expression and discuss how Wnt5a-Ror1/Ror2 signaling is mediated and regulated by their interacting proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Kamizaki
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Minami
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Michiru Nishita
- Department of Biochemistry, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikariga-Oka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.
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3
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Endo T. Postnatal skeletal muscle myogenesis governed by signal transduction networks: MAPKs and PI3K-Akt control multiple steps. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 682:223-243. [PMID: 37826946 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle myogenesis represents one of the most intensively and extensively examined systems of cell differentiation, tissue formation, and regeneration. Muscle regeneration provides an in vivo model system of postnatal myogenesis. It comprises multiple steps including muscle stem cell (or satellite cell) quiescence, activation, migration, myogenic determination, myoblast proliferation, myocyte differentiation, myofiber maturation, and hypertrophy. A variety of extracellular signaling and subsequent intracellular signal transduction pathways or networks govern the individual steps of postnatal myogenesis. Among them, MAPK pathways (the ERK, JNK, p38 MAPK, and ERK5 pathways) and PI3K-Akt signaling regulate multiple steps of myogenesis. Ca2+, cytokine, and Wnt signaling also participate in several myogenesis steps. These signaling pathways often control cell cycle regulatory proteins or the muscle-specific MyoD family and the MEF2 family of transcription factors. This article comprehensively reviews molecular mechanisms of the individual steps of postnatal skeletal muscle myogenesis by focusing on signal transduction pathways or networks. Nevertheless, no or only a partial signaling molecules or pathways have been identified in some responses during myogenesis. The elucidation of these unidentified signaling molecules and pathways leads to an extensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms of myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Endo
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Yayoicho, Inageku, Chiba, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
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4
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Ishikawa T, Ogura Y, Tanaka K, Nagashima H, Sasayama T, Endo M, Minami Y. Ror1 is expressed inducibly by Notch and hypoxia signaling and regulates stem cell-like property of glioblastoma cells. Cancer Sci 2022; 114:561-573. [PMID: 36314076 PMCID: PMC9899608 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ror1 plays a crucial role in cancer progression by regulating cell proliferation and migration. Ror1 is expressed abundantly in various types of cancer cells and cancer stem-like cells. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating expression of Ror1 in these cells remain largely unknown. Ror1 and its putative ligand Wnt5a are expressed highly in malignant gliomas, especially in glioblastomas, and the extents of Ror1 expression are correlated positively with poorer prognosis in patients with gliomas. We show that Ror1 expression can be upregulated in glioblastoma cells under spheroid culture, but not adherent culture conditions. Notch and hypoxia signaling pathways have been shown to be activated in spheroid-forming glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs), and Ror1 expression in glioblastoma cells is indeed suppressed by inhibiting either Notch or hypoxia signaling. Meanwhile, either forced expression of the Notch intracellular domain (NICD) in or hypoxic culture of glioblastoma cells result in enhanced expression of Ror1 in the cells. Consistently, we show that both NICD and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha bind to upstream regions within the Ror1 gene more efficiently in GSCs under spheroid culture conditions. Furthermore, we provide evidence indicating that binding of Wnt5a to Ror1, upregulated by Notch and hypoxia signaling pathways in GSCs, might promote their spheroid-forming ability. Collectively, these findings indicate for the first time that Notch and hypoxia signaling pathways can elicit a Wnt5a-Ror1 axis through transcriptional activation of Ror1 in glioblastoma cells, thereby promoting their stem cell-like property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Ishikawa
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of MedicineKobe UniversityKobeJapan
| | - Yasuka Ogura
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of MedicineKobe UniversityKobeJapan
| | - Kazuhiro Tanaka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of MedicineKobe UniversityKobeJapan
| | - Hiroaki Nagashima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of MedicineKobe UniversityKobeJapan
| | - Takashi Sasayama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of MedicineKobe UniversityKobeJapan
| | - Mitsuharu Endo
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of MedicineKobe UniversityKobeJapan
| | - Yasuhiro Minami
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of MedicineKobe UniversityKobeJapan
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5
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Asada N, Suzuki K, Sunohara M. Spatiotemporal distribution analyses of Wnt5a ligand and its receptors Ror2, Frizzled2, and Frizzled5 during tongue muscle development in prenatal mice. Ann Anat 2022; 245:152017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2022.152017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Guarino SR, Di Bello A, Palamini M, Capillo MC, Forneris F. Crystal structure of the kringle domain of human receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (hROR1). Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2022; 78:185-192. [PMID: 35506763 PMCID: PMC9067376 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x22003855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptors (RORs) are monotopic membrane proteins belonging to the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. RTKs play a role in the control of most basic cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and metabolism. New emerging roles for RORs in cancer progression have recently been proposed: RORs have been shown to be overexpressed in various malignancies but not in normal tissues, and moreover an abnormal expression level of RORs on the cellular surface is correlated with high levels of cytotoxicity in primary cancer cells. Monoclonal antibodies against the extracellular part of RTKs might be of importance to prevent tumor cell growth: targeting extracellular kringle domain molecules induces the internalization of RORs and decreases cell toxicity. Here, the recombinant production and crystallization of the isolated KRD of ROR1 and its high-resolution X-ray crystal structure in a P3121 crystal form at 1.4 Å resolution are reported. The crystal structure is compared with previously solved three-dimensional structures of kringle domains of human ROR1 and ROR2, their complexes with antibody fragments and structures of other kringle domains from homologous proteins.
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Endo M, Kamizaki K, Minami Y. The Ror-Family Receptors in Development, Tissue Regeneration and Age-Related Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:891763. [PMID: 35493090 PMCID: PMC9043558 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.891763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ror-family proteins, Ror1 and Ror2, act as receptors or co-receptors for Wnt5a and its related Wnt proteins to activate non-canonical Wnt signaling. Ror1 and/or Ror2-mediated signaling plays essential roles in regulating cell polarity, migration, proliferation and differentiation during developmental morphogenesis, tissue-/organo-genesis and regeneration of adult tissues following injury. Ror1 and Ror2 are expressed abundantly in developing tissues in an overlapping, yet distinct manner, and their expression in adult tissues is restricted to specific cell types such as tissue stem/progenitor cells. Expression levels of Ror1 and/or Ror2 in the adult tissues are increased following injury, thereby promoting regeneration or repair of these injured tissues. On the other hand, disruption of Wnt5a-Ror2 signaling is implicated in senescence of tissue stem/progenitor cells that is related to the impaired regeneration capacity of aged tissues. In fact, Ror1 and Ror2 are implicated in age-related diseases, including tissue fibrosis, atherosclerosis (or arteriosclerosis), neurodegenerative diseases, and cancers. In these diseases, enhanced and/or sustained (chronic) expression of Ror1 and/or Ror2 is observed, and they might contribute to the progression of these diseases through Wnt5a-dependent and -independent manners. In this article, we overview recent advances in our understanding of the roles of Ror1 and Ror2-mediated signaling in the development, tissue regeneration and age-related diseases, and discuss their potential to be therapeutic targets for chronic inflammatory diseases and cancers.
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Limbad C, Doi R, McGirr J, Ciotlos S, Perez K, Clayton ZS, Daya R, Seals DR, Campisi J, Melov S. Senolysis induced by 25-hydroxycholesterol targets CRYAB in multiple cell types. iScience 2022; 25:103848. [PMID: 35198901 PMCID: PMC8851282 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a driver of many age-related pathologies. There is an active search for pharmaceuticals termed senolytics that can mitigate or remove senescent cells in vivo by targeting genes that promote the survival of senescent cells. We utilized single-cell RNA sequencing to identify CRYAB as a robust senescence-induced gene and potential target for senolysis. Using chemical inhibitor screening for CRYAB disruption, we identified 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC), an endogenous metabolite of cholesterol biosynthesis, as a potent senolytic. We then validated 25HC as a senolytic in mouse and human cells in culture and in vivo in mouse skeletal muscle. Thus, 25HC represents a potential class of senolytics, which may be useful in combating diseases or physiologies in which cellular senescence is a key driver.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryosuke Doi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | - Julia McGirr
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | | | - Kevin Perez
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | - Zachary S. Clayton
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Radha Daya
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | - Douglas R. Seals
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Judith Campisi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Simon Melov
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
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9
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Liu S, Tang L, Zhao X, Nguyen B, Heallen TR, Li M, Wang J, Wang J, Martin JF. Yap Promotes Noncanonical Wnt Signals From Cardiomyocytes for Heart Regeneration. Circ Res 2021; 129:782-797. [PMID: 34424032 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.318966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Liu
- Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, Houston (S.L., T.R.H., J.F.M.)
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (L.T., B.N., J.F.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX.,School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (L.T., Jianxin Wang)
| | - Xiaolei Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (X.Z., J.W.)
| | - Bao Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (L.T., B.N., J.F.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX
| | - Todd R Heallen
- Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, Houston (S.L., T.R.H., J.F.M.)
| | | | - Jianxin Wang
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (L.T., Jianxin Wang)
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (X.Z., J.W.)
| | - James F Martin
- Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, Houston (S.L., T.R.H., J.F.M.).,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (L.T., B.N., J.F.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX.,Cardiovascular Research Institute (J.F.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX
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10
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Chavkin NW, Sano S, Wang Y, Oshima K, Ogawa H, Horitani K, Sano M, MacLauchlan S, Nelson A, Setia K, Vippa T, Watanabe Y, Saucerman JJ, Hirschi KK, Gokce N, Walsh K. The Cell Surface Receptors Ror1/2 Control Cardiac Myofibroblast Differentiation. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e019904. [PMID: 34155901 PMCID: PMC8403294 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.019904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background A hallmark of heart failure is cardiac fibrosis, which results from the injury-induced differentiation response of resident fibroblasts to myofibroblasts that deposit extracellular matrix. During myofibroblast differentiation, fibroblasts progress through polarization stages of early proinflammation, intermediate proliferation, and late maturation, but the regulators of this progression are poorly understood. Planar cell polarity receptors, receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 and 2 (Ror1/2), can function to promote cell differentiation and transformation. In this study, we investigated the role of the Ror1/2 in a model of heart failure with emphasis on myofibroblast differentiation. Methods and Results The role of Ror1/2 during cardiac myofibroblast differentiation was studied in cell culture models of primary murine cardiac fibroblast activation and in knockout mouse models that underwent transverse aortic constriction surgery to induce cardiac injury by pressure overload. Expression of Ror1 and Ror2 were robustly and exclusively induced in fibroblasts in hearts after transverse aortic constriction surgery, and both were rapidly upregulated after early activation of primary murine cardiac fibroblasts in culture. Cultured fibroblasts isolated from Ror1/2 knockout mice displayed a proinflammatory phenotype indicative of impaired myofibroblast differentiation. Although the combined ablation of Ror1/2 in mice did not result in a detectable baseline phenotype, transverse aortic constriction surgery led to the death of all mice by day 6 that was associated with myocardial hyperinflammation and vascular leakage. Conclusions Together, these results show that Ror1/2 are essential for the progression of myofibroblast differentiation and for the adaptive remodeling of the heart in response to pressure overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas W. Chavkin
- Cardiovascular Research CenterSchool of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
- Department of Cell BiologySchool of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
| | - Soichi Sano
- Cardiovascular Research CenterSchool of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
- Hematovascular Biology CenterSchool of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
- Molecular Cardiology/Whitaker Cardiovascular InstituteBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
- Department of CardiologyGraduate School of MedicineOsaka City UniversityOsakaJapan
- Department of CardiologySchool of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
| | - Ying Wang
- Cardiovascular Research CenterSchool of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
- Hematovascular Biology CenterSchool of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
- Molecular Cardiology/Whitaker Cardiovascular InstituteBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
- Department of CardiologyXinqiao HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Kosei Oshima
- Molecular Cardiology/Whitaker Cardiovascular InstituteBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
| | - Hayato Ogawa
- Cardiovascular Research CenterSchool of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
- Department of CardiologyGraduate School of MedicineOsaka City UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Keita Horitani
- Cardiovascular Research CenterSchool of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
- Department of CardiologyGraduate School of MedicineOsaka City UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Miho Sano
- Cardiovascular Research CenterSchool of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
- Molecular Cardiology/Whitaker Cardiovascular InstituteBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
- Department of CardiologyGraduate School of MedicineOsaka City UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Susan MacLauchlan
- Molecular Cardiology/Whitaker Cardiovascular InstituteBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
| | - Anders Nelson
- Cardiovascular Research CenterSchool of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
| | - Karishma Setia
- Cardiovascular Research CenterSchool of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
| | - Tanvi Vippa
- Cardiovascular Research CenterSchool of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
| | - Yosuke Watanabe
- Vascular Biology/Whitaker Cardiovascular InstituteBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
| | - Jeffrey J. Saucerman
- Cardiovascular Research CenterSchool of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
| | - Karen K. Hirschi
- Cardiovascular Research CenterSchool of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
- Department of Cell BiologySchool of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
- Hematovascular Biology CenterSchool of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
- Cardiovascular Research CenterSchool of MedicineYale UniversityNew HavenCT
| | - Noyan Gokce
- Boston University School of MedicineBostonMA
| | - Kenneth Walsh
- Cardiovascular Research CenterSchool of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
- Hematovascular Biology CenterSchool of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
- Molecular Cardiology/Whitaker Cardiovascular InstituteBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
- Department of CardiologySchool of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
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11
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Menck K, Heinrichs S, Baden C, Bleckmann A. The WNT/ROR Pathway in Cancer: From Signaling to Therapeutic Intervention. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010142. [PMID: 33445713 PMCID: PMC7828172 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The WNT pathway is one of the major signaling cascades frequently deregulated in human cancer. While research had initially focused on signal transduction centered on β-catenin as a key effector activating a pro-tumorigenic transcriptional response, nowadays it is known that WNT ligands can also induce a multitude of β-catenin-independent cellular pathways. Traditionally, these comprise WNT/planar cell polarity (PCP) and WNT/Ca2+ signaling. In addition, signaling via the receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptors (RORs) has gained increasing attention in cancer research due to their overexpression in a multitude of tumor entities. Active WNT/ROR signaling has been linked to processes driving tumor development and progression, such as cell proliferation, survival, invasion, or therapy resistance. In adult tissue, the RORs are largely absent, which has spiked the interest in them for targeted cancer therapy. Promising results in preclinical and initial clinical studies are beginning to unravel the great potential of such treatment approaches. In this review, we summarize seminal findings on the structure and expression of the RORs in cancer, their downstream signaling, and its output in regard to tumor cell function. Furthermore, we present the current clinical anti-ROR treatment strategies and discuss the state-of-the-art, as well as the challenges of the different approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Menck
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Oncology, and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (K.M.); (S.H.); (C.B.)
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Saskia Heinrichs
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Oncology, and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (K.M.); (S.H.); (C.B.)
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Cornelia Baden
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Oncology, and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (K.M.); (S.H.); (C.B.)
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Annalen Bleckmann
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Oncology, and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (K.M.); (S.H.); (C.B.)
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Department of Hematology/Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-0251-8352712
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12
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Roy A, Earley CJ, Allen RP, Kaminsky ZA. Developing a biomarker for restless leg syndrome using genome wide DNA methylation data. Sleep Med 2020; 78:120-127. [PMID: 33422814 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This study reports on an epigenetic biomarker for restless leg syndrome (RLS) developed using whole genome DNA methylation data. Lymphocyte-derived DNA methylation was examined in 15 subjects with and without RLS (discovery cohort). T-tests and linear regressions were used followed by a principal component analysis (PCA). The principal component model from the discovery cohort was used to predict RLS status in a peripheral blood (N = 24; including 12 cases and 12 controls) and a post-mortem neural tissue (N = 71; including 36 cases and 35 controls) replication cohort as well as iron deficiency anemia status in a publicly available dataset (N = 71, 59 cases with iron deficiency anemia, 12 controls). Using receiver-operating characteristic analysis the optimum biomarker model - that included 49 probes - predicted RLS status in the blood-based replication cohort with an area under the curve (AUC) of 87.5% (confidence interval = 71.9%-100%). In the neural tissue samples, the model predicted RLS status with an AUC of 73.4% (confidence interval = 61.5%-85.3%). An AUC of 83% was found for predictions of iron deficiency anemia. Thus, the blood-based biomarker model reported here and built with epigenome-wide data showed reasonable replicability in lymphocytes and neural tissue samples. A limitation of this study is that we could not determine the metabolic or neurobiological pathways linking epigenetic changes with RLS. Further research is needed to fine-tune this model for prospective predictions of RLS and to enable translation for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunima Roy
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Christopher J Earley
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD, 21209, USA
| | - Richard P Allen
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD, 21209, USA
| | - Zachary A Kaminsky
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa Ontario Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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13
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Zhang J, Zhang W, Zhang Q. Ectopic expression of ROR1 prevents cochlear hair cell loss in guinea pigs with noise-induced hearing loss. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:9101-9113. [PMID: 34008309 PMCID: PMC7417695 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is one of the most frequent disabilities in industrialized countries. Evidence shows that hair cell loss in the auditory end organ is responsible for the majority of various ear pathological conditions. The functional roles of the receptor tyrosine kinase ROR1 have been underscored in various tumours. In this study, we evaluated the ability of ROR1 to influence cochlear hair cell loss of guinea pigs with NIHL. The NIHL model was developed in guinea pigs, with subsequent measurement of the auditory brainstem response (ABR). Gain-of-function experiments were employed to explore the role of ROR1 in NIHL. The interaction between ROR1 and Wnt5a and their functions in the cochlear hair cell loss were further analysed in response to alteration of ROR1 and Wnt5a. Guinea pigs with NIHL demonstrated elevated ABR threshold and down-regulated ROR1, Wnt5a and NF-κB p65. The up-regulation of ROR1 was shown to decrease the cochlear hair cell loss and the expression of pro-apoptotic gene (Bax, p53) in guinea pig cochlea, but promoted the expression of anti-apoptotic gene (Bcl-2) and the fluorescence intensity of cleaved-caspase-3. ROR1 interacted with Wnt5a to activate the NF-κB signalling pathway through inducing phosphorylation and translocation of p65. Furthermore, Wnt5a overexpression decreased the cochlear hair cell loss. Collectively, this study suggested the protection of overexpression of ROR1 against cochlear hair cell loss in guinea pigs with NIHL via the Wnt5a-dependent NF-κB signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Department of Children’s RehabilitationLinyi People’s HospitalLinyiChina
| | - Wei Zhang
- Electrocardiogram RoomLinyi People’s HospitalLinyiChina
| | - Qinliang Zhang
- Department of Children’s RehabilitationLinyi People’s HospitalLinyiChina
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14
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Kamizaki K, Endo M, Minami Y, Kobayashi Y. Role of noncanonical Wnt ligands and Ror-family receptor tyrosine kinases in the development, regeneration, and diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Dev Dyn 2020; 250:27-38. [PMID: 31925877 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Ror-family receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), consisting of Ror1 and Ror2, play crucial roles in morphogenesis and formation of various tissues/organs, including the bones and skeletal muscles, the so-called musculoskeletal system, during embryonic development, by acting as receptors or coreceptors for a noncanonical Wnt protein Wnt5a. Furthermore, several lines of evidence have indicated that Ror1 and/or Ror2 play critical roles in the regeneration and maintenance of the musculoskeletal system in adults. Considering the anatomical and functional relationship between the skeleton and skeletal muscles, their structural and functional association might be tightly regulated during their embryonic development, development after birth, and their regeneration after injury in adults. Importantly, in addition to their congenital anomalies, much attention has been paid onto the age-related disorders of the musculoskeletal system, including osteopenia and sarcopenia, which affect severely the quality of life. In this article, we overview recent advances in our understanding of the roles of Ror1- and/or Ror2-mediated signaling in the embryonic development, regeneration in adults, and congenital and age-related disorders of the musculoskeletal system and discuss possible therapeutic approaches to locomotive syndromes by modulating Ror1- and/or Ror2-mediated signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Kamizaki
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Mitsuharu Endo
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Minami
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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15
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Endo M, Tanaka Y, Otsuka M, Minami Y. E2F1-Ror2 signaling mediates coordinated transcriptional regulation to promote G1/S phase transition in bFGF-stimulated NIH/3T3 fibroblasts. FASEB J 2020; 34:3413-3428. [PMID: 31922321 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902849r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Ror2 signaling has been shown to regulate the cell cycle progression in normal and cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanism of the cell cycle progression upon activation of Ror2 signaling still remains unknown. Here, we found that the expression levels of Ror2 in G1-arrested NIH/3T3 fibroblasts are low and are rapidly increased following the cell cycle progression induced by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) stimulation. By expressing wild-type or a dominant negative mutant of E2F1, we show that E2F1 mediates bFGF-induced expression of Ror2, and that E2F1 binds to the promoter of the Ror2 gene to activate its expression. We also found that G1/S phase transition of bFGF-stimulated NIH/3T3 cells is delayed by the suppressed expression of Ror2. RNA-seq analysis revealed that the suppressed expression of Ror2 results in the decreased expression of various E2F target genes concomitantly with increased expression of Forkhead box O (FoxO) target genes, including p21Cip1 , and p27Kip1 . Moreover, the inhibitory effect of Ror2 knockdown on the cell cycle progression can be restored by suppressed expression of p21Cip1 , p27Kip1 ,or FoxO3a. Collectively, these findings indicate that E2F1-Ror2 signaling mediates the transcriptional activation and inhibition of E2F1-driven and FoxO3a-driven cell cycle-regulated genes, respectively, thereby promoting G1/S phase transition of bFGF-stimulated NIH/3T3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuharu Endo
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuki Tanaka
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Mako Otsuka
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Minami
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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16
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Fibronectin regulates the self-renewal of rabbit limbal epithelial stem cells by stimulating the Wnt11/Fzd7/ROCK non-canonical Wnt pathway. Exp Eye Res 2019; 185:107681. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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17
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Ma X, Liu B, Yang J, Hu K. Solution structure, dynamics and function investigation of Kringle domain of human receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 38:2229-2239. [PMID: 31232192 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1635914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) has been recently proposed as a potential target for cancer treatment. It was suggested that monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against the Kringle (KNG) domain of ROR1 could induce apoptosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Here, we reported the determination of the solution structure of human ROR1-KNG (hROR1-KNG), investigation of its dynamic properties and potential binding interface by NMR spectroscopy. The obtained NMR structure of hROR1-KNG exhibits an open form at Asn47-His50 and shows obvious differences from other canonical KNGs at the corresponding lysine binding site, which implies that hROR1-KNG may interact with some non-canonical ligands. Dynamics analysis of hROR1-KNG reveal a faster local motion around the α-turn and 310-helix, which may provide flexibility to protect the proximal hydrophobic core in solution or facilitate the binding of other molecules. The intermediate-to-slow conformational exchange of Cys77-Ile79 may influence the conformation determination of disulfide bond Cys53-Cys77. Binding interface of hROR1-KNG for mAb R11 was analyzed and compared with the epitope for the functional mAbs. Previous study implies that hROR1-KNG may be involved in mediating the heterooligomerization between ROR1 and ROR2 in vivo. However, apparently, no direct interaction between hROR1-KNG and hROR2-KNG was observed from chemical shift perturbation experiment. Our work lays foundation to further functional study on interactions of hROR1-KNG with other biological relevant partners.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, People's Republic of China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, People's Republic of China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaifeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, People's Republic of China.,Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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18
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Ren YM, Duan YH, Sun YB, Yang T, Tian MQ. Bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed genes in rotator cuff tear patients using microarray data. J Orthop Surg Res 2018; 13:284. [PMID: 30424787 PMCID: PMC6234628 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-018-0989-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rotator cuff tear (RCT) is a common shoulder disorder in the elderly. Muscle atrophy, denervation and fatty infiltration exert secondary injuries on torn rotator cuff muscles. It has been reported that satellite cells (SCs) play roles in pathogenic process and regenerative capacity of human RCT via regulating of target genes. This study aims to complement the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of SCs that regulated between the torn supraspinatus (SSP) samples and intact subscapularis (SSC) samples, identify their functions and molecular pathways. Methods The gene expression profile GSE93661 was downloaded and bioinformatics analysis was made. Results Five hundred fifty one DEGs totally were identified. Among them, 272 DEGs were overexpressed, and the remaining 279 DEGs were underexpressed. Gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis of target genes were performed. We furthermore identified some relevant core genes using gene–gene interaction network analysis such as GNG13, GCG, NOTCH1, BCL2, NMUR2, PMCH, FFAR1, AVPR2, GNA14, and KALRN, that may contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of secondary injuries in RCT. We also discovered that GNG13/calcium signaling pathway is highly correlated with the denervation atrophy pathological process of RCT. Conclusion These genes and pathways provide a new perspective for revealing the underlying pathological mechanisms and therapy strategy of RCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ming Ren
- Department of Joint and Sport Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Jieyuan Road 190, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Hui Duan
- Department of Joint and Sport Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Jieyuan Road 190, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Bo Sun
- Department of Joint and Sport Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Jieyuan Road 190, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Joint and Sport Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Jieyuan Road 190, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Qiang Tian
- Department of Joint and Sport Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Jieyuan Road 190, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Karvonen H, Perttilä R, Niininen W, Barker H, Ungureanu D. Targeting Wnt signaling pseudokinases in hematological cancers. Eur J Haematol 2018; 101:457-465. [DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Karvonen
- BioMediTech Institute; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
| | - Robert Perttilä
- BioMediTech Institute; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
| | - Wilhelmiina Niininen
- BioMediTech Institute; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
| | - Harlan Barker
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
| | - Daniela Ungureanu
- BioMediTech Institute; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
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20
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Saji T, Nishita M, Ogawa H, Doi T, Sakai Y, Maniwa Y, Minami Y. Critical role of the Ror-family of receptor tyrosine kinases in invasion and proliferation of malignant pleural mesothelioma cells. Genes Cells 2018; 23:606-613. [PMID: 29845703 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive tumor with poor prognosis and closely related to exposure to asbestos. MPM is a heterogeneous tumor with three main histological subtypes, epithelioid, sarcomatoid, and biphasic types, among which sarcomatoid type shows the poorest prognosis. The Ror-family of receptor tyrosine kinases, Ror1 and Ror2, is expressed in various types of tumor cells at higher levels and affects their aggressiveness. However, it is currently unknown whether they are expressed in and involved in aggressiveness of MPM. Here, we show that Ror1 and Ror2 are expressed in clinical specimens and cell lines of MPM with different histological features. Studies using MPM cell lines indicate that expression of Ror2 is associated tightly with high invasiveness of MPM cells, whereas Ror1 can contribute to their invasion in the absence of Ror2. However, both Ror1 and Ror2 promote proliferation of MPM cells. We also show that promoted invasion and proliferation of MPM cells by Ror signaling can be mediated by the Rho-family of small GTPases, Rac1, and Cdc42. These findings elucidate the critical role of Ror signaling in promoting invasion and proliferation of MPM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Saji
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Michiru Nishita
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ogawa
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takefumi Doi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Sakai
- Department of Pathology, Hyogo Cancer Center, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Maniwa
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Minami
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
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21
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Karvonen H, Summala K, Niininen W, Barker HR, Ungureanu D. Interaction between ROR1 and MuSK activation complex in myogenic cells. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:434-445. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Karvonen
- BioMediTech Institute; University of Tampere; Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences; University of Tampere; Finland
| | - Katja Summala
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science; University of Jyväskylä; Finland
| | - Wilhelmiina Niininen
- BioMediTech Institute; University of Tampere; Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences; University of Tampere; Finland
| | - Harlan R. Barker
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences; University of Tampere; Finland
| | - Daniela Ungureanu
- BioMediTech Institute; University of Tampere; Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences; University of Tampere; Finland
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22
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Crosstalk between ROR1 and BCR pathways defines novel treatment strategies in mantle cell lymphoma. Blood Adv 2017; 1:2257-2268. [PMID: 29296874 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2017010215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive form of non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma with poor prognosis due to drug resistance. Introduction of the Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor ibrutinib has markedly improved MCL therapy outcome, but drug resistance remains a challenge. The selective cell-surface expression of oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) pseudokinase in hematological malignancies has made this receptor a promising candidate for targeted therapy. We sought to identify the molecular mechanism underlying divergent ROR1-mediated apoptotic responses in MCL cell lines and primary samples. We show that targeting ROR1 expression resulted in downregulation of NF-κB p65 levels and that activation of the NF-κB pathway can antagonize ROR1-mediated apoptotic responses. High-throughput drug-sensitivity testing of MCL cells before and after ROR1 targeting revealed synergistic effects between cotargeting of ROR1 and the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) or Bcl-2 family, underlining the high potential for ROR1-targeted therapies in overcoming MCL drug resistance. However, inhibition of the BCR pathway by targeted drugs such as ibrutinib can impair ROR1 expression and consequently ROR1-targeted treatments, underscoring the importance of inhibiting both pathways to augment cancer cell killing. Considering the central role of NF-κB pathway activation in B-cell malignancies, this study highlights key factors that can modulate ROR1-targeted treatments in hematological cancers.
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23
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Takahashi D, Suzuki H, Kakei Y, Yamakoshi K, Minami Y, Komori T, Nishita M. Expression of Ror2 Associated with Fibrosis of the Submandibular Gland. Cell Struct Funct 2017; 42:159-167. [PMID: 29070775 DOI: 10.1247/csf.17019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The submandibular gland (SMG) is one of the major salivary glands that play important roles for variety of physiological functions, such as digestion of foods, prevention of infection, and lubrication of the mouth. Dysfunction of the SMG, often associated with a salivary inflammation, adversely influences a person's quality of life. However, the mechanism underlying inflammation-driven dysfunction of the SMG is largely unknown. Here, we used a mouse model in which the main excretory duct of the SMG is ligated unilaterally to induce inflammation of the gland and examined the expression of Wnt5a, Ror1 and Ror2 genes, encoding Wnt5a ligand and its cognate receptors, which have been implicated in tissue damage or inflammatory responses in variety of tissues. We show that expression levels of Ror1, Ror2, and Wnt5a are increased in the ligated SMG undergoing interstitial fibrosis, which is accompanied by robust expression of fibrosis-associated genes, such as TGF-β1, TNF-α, IL-1β, and MMP-2. Increased immunostaining signal of Ror2 was detected in the fibrotic tissues with abundant accumulation of fibroblasts and collagen fibers in the ligated SMG, suggesting that Ror2-mediated signaling might be activated in response to tissue damage and associated with progression of fibrosis in the SMG.Key words: submandibular gland, Ror2, Wnt5a, fibrosis, inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Takahashi
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University, Graduate School of Medicine.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University, Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiroaki Suzuki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University, Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yasumasa Kakei
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University, Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kimi Yamakoshi
- Department of Mechanism of Aging, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Yasuhiro Minami
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University, Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Takahide Komori
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University, Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Michiru Nishita
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University, Graduate School of Medicine
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