1
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Wang Y, Wang Y, Liu S, Liu Y, Xu H, Liang J, Zhu J, Zhang G, Su W, Dong W, Guo Q. Upregulation of EID3 sensitizes breast cancer cells to ionizing radiation-induced cellular senescence. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:606-614. [PMID: 30114644 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that BMS-345541 (BMS, a specific IκB kinase β inhibitor) sensitized various tumor cells including MCF-7 breast cancer cells to ionizing radiation (IR). However, the mechanisms of BMS action are unknown. Since the expression of E1A-like inhibitor of differentiation 3 (EID3) was highly upregulated in MCF-7 cells after BMS treatment, we investigated the role of EID3 in the response of MCF-7 cells to IR. We found that BMS induced EID3 expression in MCF-7 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Knockdown of EID3 by specific shRNA attenuated BMS-induced radiosensitization in MCF-7 cells. In contrast, induction of EID3 expression in an inducible EID3 expressing MCF-7 cell line with doxycycline sensitized the cells to IR. EID3-mediated sensitization of MCF-7 cells to IR was not attributed to an increase in apoptosis. Instead, EID3-expressing MCF-7 cells exhibited significantly higher levels of senescence associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity and higher levels of p21 and p57 than EID3-MCF-7 cells without induction of EID3 after exposure to IR. Similar findings were observed when EID3-expressing MCF-7 cells were treated with etoposide, a topoisomerase II inhibitor. Taken together, our findings reveal a novel function of EID3 and suggest that the induction of EID3 by BMS may be exploited as a new strategy to sensitize breast cancer cells to IR and chemotherapy by inducing cancer cell senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, PR China; Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, PR China.
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, PR China.
| | - Sihong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, PR China.
| | - Yamin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, PR China; Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, PR China.
| | - Huihua Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, PR China.
| | - Junbo Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, PR China.
| | - Jianwei Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, PR China.
| | - Guiqiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, PR China.
| | - Wenzhou Su
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, PR China.
| | - Weihua Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, PR China.
| | - Qifeng Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, PR China.
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2
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Endres K, Deller T. Regulation of Alpha-Secretase ADAM10 In vitro and In vivo: Genetic, Epigenetic, and Protein-Based Mechanisms. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:56. [PMID: 28367112 PMCID: PMC5355436 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ADAM10 (A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 10) has been identified as the major physiological alpha-secretase in neurons, responsible for cleaving APP in a non-amyloidogenic manner. This cleavage results in the production of a neuroprotective APP-derived fragment, APPs-alpha, and an attenuated production of neurotoxic A-beta peptides. An increase in ADAM10 activity shifts the balance of APP processing toward APPs-alpha and protects the brain from amyloid deposition and disease. Thus, increasing ADAM10 activity has been proposed an attractive target for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and it appears to be timely to investigate the physiological mechanisms regulating ADAM10 expression. Therefore, in this article, we will (1) review reports on the physiological regulation of ADAM10 at the transcriptional level, by epigenetic factors, miRNAs and/or protein interactions, (2) describe conditions, which change ADAM10 expression in vitro and in vivo, (3) report how neuronal ADAM10 expression may be regulated in humans, and (4) discuss how this knowledge on the physiological and pathophysiological regulation of ADAM10 may help to preserve or restore brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Endres
- Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Deller
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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3
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Pifer PM, Farris JC, Thomas AL, Stoilov P, Denvir J, Smith DM, Frisch SM. Grainyhead-like 2 inhibits the coactivator p300, suppressing tubulogenesis and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Mol Biol Cell 2016; 27:2479-92. [PMID: 27251061 PMCID: PMC4966987 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e16-04-0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
GRHL2 suppresses EMT to give a default epithelial phenotype. GRHL2 inhibits this process through the histone acetyltransferase coactivator p300, repressing the partial EMT and preventing induction of MMPs. The results demonstrate novel roles for p300 and GRHL2 in promoting or suppressing EMT in morphogenesis and tumor progression. Developmental morphogenesis and tumor progression require a transient or stable breakdown of epithelial junctional complexes to permit programmed migration, invasion, and anoikis resistance, characteristics endowed by the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). The epithelial master-regulatory transcription factor Grainyhead-like 2 (GRHL2) suppresses and reverses EMT, causing a mesenchymal–epithelial transition to the default epithelial phenotype. Here we investigated the role of GRHL2 in tubulogenesis of Madin–Darby canine kidney cells, a process requiring transient, partial EMT. GRHL2 was required for cystogenesis, but it suppressed tubulogenesis in response to hepatocyte growth factor. Surprisingly, GRHL2 suppressed this process by inhibiting the histone acetyltransferase coactivator p300, preventing the induction of matrix metalloproteases and other p300-dependent genes required for tubulogenesis. A 13–amino acid region of GRHL2 was necessary for inhibition of p300, suppression of tubulogenesis, and interference with EMT. The results demonstrate that p300 is required for partial or complete EMT occurring in tubulogenesis or tumor progression and that GRHL2 suppresses EMT in both contexts through inhibition of p300.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip M Pifer
- Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506
| | - Joshua C Farris
- Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506
| | - Alyssa L Thomas
- Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506
| | - Peter Stoilov
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506
| | - James Denvir
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755
| | - David M Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506
| | - Steven M Frisch
- Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506
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4
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Zhang C, Li X, Adelmant G, Dobbins J, Geisen C, Oser MG, Wucherpfenning KW, Marto JA, Kaelin WG. Peptidic degron in EID1 is recognized by an SCF E3 ligase complex containing the orphan F-box protein FBXO21. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:15372-7. [PMID: 26631746 PMCID: PMC4687553 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1522006112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
EP300-interacting inhibitor of differentiation 1 (EID1) belongs to a protein family implicated in the control of transcription, differentiation, DNA repair, and chromosomal maintenance. EID1 has a very short half-life, especially in G0 cells. We discovered that EID1 contains a peptidic, modular degron that is necessary and sufficient for its polyubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation. We found that this degron is recognized by an Skp1, Cullin, and F-box (SCF)-containing ubiquitin ligase complex that uses the F-box Only Protein 21 (FBXO21) as its substrate recognition subunit. SCF(FBXO21) polyubiquitylates EID1 both in vitro and in vivo and is required for the efficient degradation of EID1 in both cycling and quiescent cells. The EID1 degron partially overlaps with its retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein-binding domain and is congruent with a previously defined melanoma-associated antigen-binding motif shared by EID family members, suggesting that binding to retinoblastoma tumor suppressor and melanoma-associated antigen family proteins could affect the polyubiquitylation and turnover of EID family members in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiyan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Xiaotong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Guillaume Adelmant
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215; Blais Proteomics Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Jessica Dobbins
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215; Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Christoph Geisen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815
| | - Matthew G Oser
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Kai W Wucherpfenning
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215; Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Jarrod A Marto
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215; Blais Proteomics Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215
| | - William G Kaelin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815
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5
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Guerineau M, Kriz Z, Kozakova L, Bednarova K, Janos P, Palecek J. Analysis of the Nse3/MAGE-binding domain of the Nse4/EID family proteins. PLoS One 2012; 7:e35813. [PMID: 22536443 PMCID: PMC3335016 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Nse1, Nse3 and Nse4 proteins form a tight sub-complex of the large SMC5-6 protein complex. hNSE3/MAGEG1, the mammalian ortholog of Nse3, is the founding member of the MAGE (melanoma-associated antigen) protein family and the Nse4 kleisin subunit is related to the EID (E1A-like inhibitor of differentiation) family of proteins. We have recently shown that human MAGE proteins can interact with NSE4/EID proteins through their characteristic conserved hydrophobic pocket. Methodology/Principal Findings Using mutagenesis and protein-protein interaction analyses, we have identified a new Nse3/MAGE-binding domain (NMBD) of the Nse4/EID proteins. This short domain is located next to the Nse4 N-terminal kleisin motif and is conserved in all NSE4/EID proteins. The central amino acid residues of the human NSE4b/EID3 domain were essential for its binding to hNSE3/MAGEG1 in yeast two-hybrid assays suggesting they form the core of the binding domain. PEPSCAN ELISA measurements of the MAGEC2 binding affinity to EID2 mutant peptides showed that similar core residues contribute to the EID2-MAGEC2 interaction. In addition, the N-terminal extension of the EID2 binding domain took part in the EID2-MAGEC2 interaction. Finally, docking and molecular dynamic simulations enabled us to generate a structure model for EID2-MAGEC2. Combination of our experimental data and the structure modeling showed how the core helical region of the NSE4/EID domain binds into the conserved pocket characteristic of the MAGE protein family. Conclusions/Significance We have identified a new Nse4/EID conserved domain and characterized its binding to Nse3/MAGE proteins. The conservation and binding of the interacting surfaces suggest tight co-evolution of both Nse4/EID and Nse3/MAGE protein families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Guerineau
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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6
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Park SR, Jung MH, Kim PH. The HAT domain of p300 is critical for the basal Ig germ-line α promoter activity while Stat-1 and E1A act as strong repressors. Genes Genomics 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-010-0031-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Margariti A, Xiao Q, Zampetaki A, Zhang Z, Li H, Martin D, Hu Y, Zeng L, Xu Q. Splicing of HDAC7 modulates the SRF-myocardin complex during stem-cell differentiation towards smooth muscle cells. J Cell Sci 2009; 122:460-70. [PMID: 19174469 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.034850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have a central role in the regulation of gene expression. Here we investigated whether HDAC7 has an impact on embryonic stem (ES) cell differentiation into smooth muscle cells (SMCs). ES cells were seeded on collagen-IV-coated flasks and cultured in the absence of leukemia inhibitory factor in differentiation medium to induce SMC differentiation. Western blots and double-immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that HDAC7 has a parallel expression pattern with SMC marker genes. In ex vivo culture of embryonic cells from SM22-LacZ transgenic mice, overexpression of HDAC7 significantly increased beta-galactosidase-positive cell numbers and enzyme activity, indicating its crucial role in SMC differentiation during embryonic development. We found that HDAC7 undergoes alternative splicing during ES cell differentiation. Platelet-derived growth factor enhanced ES cell differentiation into SMCs through upregulation of HDAC7 splicing. Further experiments revealed that HDAC7 splicing induced SMC differentiation through modulation of the SRF-myocardin complex. These findings suggest that HDAC7 splicing is important for SMC differentiation and vessel formation in embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriana Margariti
- Cardiovascular Division, King's College London BHF Centre, London SE5 9NU, UK
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8
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Bush JR, Wevrick R. The Prader–Willi syndrome protein necdin interacts with the E1A-like inhibitor of differentiation EID-1 and promotes myoblast differentiation. Differentiation 2008; 76:994-1005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-0436.2008.00281.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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9
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Sasajima Y, Tanaka H, Miyake S, Yuasa Y. A novel EID family member, EID-3, inhibits differentiation and forms a homodimer or heterodimer with EID-2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 333:969-75. [PMID: 15970276 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2005] [Accepted: 06/06/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The EID family members, i.e., E1A-like inhibitor of differentiation-1 (EID-1) and EID-1-like inhibitor of differentiation-2 (EID-2), were identified as negative regulators of cellular differentiation. EID-1 seems to inhibit differentiation by blocking histone acetyltransferase activity and EID-2 possibly inhibits differentiation through binding to class I histone deacetylases (HDACs). Here, we report a novel inhibitor of differentiation exhibiting homology with EID-2 termed EID-3 (EID-2-like inhibitor of differentiation-3). Like EID-2, EID-3 inhibited MyoD- and GRalpha-dependent transcription and blocked muscle differentiation in cultured cells by binding to class I HDACs. Unlike that of EID-2, the C-terminus, but not the N-terminus, of EID-3 was required for nuclear localization. EID-3 formed a homodimer or heterodimer with EID-2. These results suggest that EID-3 inhibits differentiation by blocking transcription as a complex in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Sasajima
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
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10
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Forcales SV, Puri PL. Signaling to the chromatin during skeletal myogenesis: Novel targets for pharmacological modulation of gene expression. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2005; 16:596-611. [PMID: 16129633 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2005.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cellular differentiation entails an extensive reprogramming of the genome toward the expression of discrete subsets of genes, which establish the tissue-specific phenotype. This program is achieved by epigenetic marks of the chromatin at particular loci, and is regulated by environmental cues, such as soluble factors and cell-to-cell interactions. How the intracellular cascades convert the myriad of external stimuli into the nuclear information necessary to reprogram the genome toward specific responses is a question of biological and medical interest. The elucidation of the signaling converting cues from outside the cells into chromatin modifications at individual promoters holds the promise to unveil the targets for selective pharmacological interventions to modulate gene expression for therapeutic purposes. Enhancing muscle regeneration and preventing muscle breakdown are important goals in the therapy of muscular diseases, cancer-associated cachexia and aging-associated sarcopenia. We will summarize the recent progress of our knowledge of the regulation of gene expression by intracellular cascades elicited by external cues during skeletal myogenesis. And will illustrate the potential importance of targeting the chromatin signaling in regenerative medicine--e.g. to boost muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Vanina Forcales
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Dulbecco Telethon Institute (DTI) at Fondazione A. Cesalpino, ICBTE, San Raffaele Biomedical Science Park of Rome, Rome, Italy
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11
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Båvner A, Matthews J, Sanyal S, Gustafsson JA, Treuter E. EID3 is a novel EID family member and an inhibitor of CBP-dependent co-activation. Nucleic Acids Res 2005; 33:3561-9. [PMID: 15987788 PMCID: PMC1159117 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gki667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
EID1 (E1A-like inhibitor of differentiation 1) functions as an inhibitor of nuclear receptor-dependent gene transcription by directly binding to co-regulators. Alternative targets include the co-repressor small heterodimer partner (SHP, NR0B2) and the co-activators CBP/p300, indicating that EID1 utilizes different inhibitory strategies. Recently, EID2 was characterized as an inhibitor of muscle differentiation and as an antagonist of both CBP/p300 and HDACs. Here, we describe a third family member designated EID3 that is highly expressed in testis and shows homology to a region of EID1 implicated in binding to CBP/p300. We demonstrate that EID3 acts as a potent inhibitor of nuclear receptor transcriptional activity by a mechanism that is independent of direct interactions with nuclear receptors, including SHP. Furthermore, EID3 directly binds to and blocks the SRC-1 interacting domain of CBP, which has been implicated to act as the interaction surface for nuclear receptor co-activators. Consistent with this idea, EID3 prevents recruitment of CBP to a natural nuclear receptor-regulated promoter. Our study suggests that EID-family members EID3 and EID1 act as inhibitors of CBP/p300-dependent transcription in a tissue-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Båvner
- Department of Biosciences at Novum, Karolinska Institutet S-14157 Huddinge, Sweden.
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12
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Park YY, Kim HJ, Kim JY, Kim MY, Song KH, Cheol Park K, Yu KY, Shong M, Kim KH, Choi HS. Differential Role of the Loop Region between Helices H6 and H7 within the Orphan Nuclear Receptors Small Heterodimer Partner and DAX-1. Mol Endocrinol 2004; 18:1082-95. [PMID: 14963109 DOI: 10.1210/me.2003-0339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The orphan nuclear receptors small heterodimer partner (SHP) and dosage-sensitive sex-reversal adrenal hypoplasia congenital (AHC) critical region on the X chromosome gene 1 (DAX-1) contain extra amino acids between helices H6 and H7 of LBD, and here we investigated a possible role of these additional amino acids. Transient transfection assay demonstrated that, in contrast to wild type, in mutant SHP Delta128-139 deletion of 12 extra amino acids in H6-H7 failed to repress the transactivity of orphan nuclear receptors such as estrogen receptor-related receptor-gamma, hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha, and constitutive androstane receptor. Interestingly, yeast two-hybrid and glutathione-S-transferase pull-down assays demonstrated that wild-type and SHP Delta128-139 have similar abilities to interact with estrogen receptor-related receptor-gamma, hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha, and constitutive androstane receptor. Unexpectedly, in wild-type DAX-1 and mutant DAX-1 Delta338-362, deletion of 25 extra amino acids in H6-H7 had no significant difference in the interaction and repression of steroidogenic factor 1 transactivation. Mutant SHP that contains DAX-1 extra amino acids or polyalanine stretch in H6-H7 showed indistinguishable pattern of repression from wild-type SHP. Interestingly, the swapped SHP mutant with DAX-1 extra amino acids interacted with EID-1 (E1A-like inhibitor of differentiation 1), which is characterized as an SHP-interacting corepressor. However, interaction between SHP Delta128-139 and EID-1 was significantly diminished. Moreover, SHP-mediated repression of constitutive androstane receptor transactivation was significantly released by down-regulation of EID-1 expression with EID-1 small interfering RNA. The present study suggests that H6-H7 loop regions of SHP and DAX-1 play a different role in the repression of nuclear receptor transactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yong Park
- Hormone Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
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13
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Ji A, Dao D, Chen J, MacLellan WR. EID-2, a novel member of the EID family of p300-binding proteins inhibits transactivation by MyoD. Gene 2004; 318:35-43. [PMID: 14585496 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2003.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle differentiation has been shown to be dependent on the expression of Rb and p300. We recently cloned a novel inhibitor of muscle differentiation called EID-1, which interacted with both of these factors. In a database search for related molecules, we have cloned and characterized a new EID-1 family member, EID-2. This 28-kDa protein encodes a 236-amino-acid protein with significant similarity to EID-1 in its C-terminus. EID-2 displays developmentally regulated expression with high levels in adult heart and brain. Overexpression of EID-2 inhibits muscle-specific gene expression through inhibition of MyoD-dependent transcription. This inhibitory effect on gene expression can be explained by EID-2's ability to associate with and inhibit the acetyltransferase activity of p300. These data suggest that EID-1 and -2 represent a novel family of proteins that negatively regulate differentiation through a p300-dependent mechanism.
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MESH Headings
- Acetyltransferases/metabolism
- Actins/genetics
- Actins/metabolism
- Adult
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Carrier Proteins/chemistry
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Line
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cells, Cultured
- Cloning, Molecular
- DNA, Complementary/chemistry
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression
- Histone Acetyltransferases
- Humans
- Inhibitor of Differentiation Protein 2
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Molecular Weight
- Muscle, Skeletal/cytology
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- MyoD Protein/genetics
- MyoD Protein/metabolism
- Myosin Heavy Chains/genetics
- Myosin Heavy Chains/metabolism
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
- Protein Binding
- Sequence Alignment
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Trans-Activators/genetics
- Trans-Activators/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic
- Transcriptional Activation
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimin Ji
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, MRL 3-645, 675 C.E. Young Dr, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1760, USA
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14
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Lee HJ, Lee JK, Miyake S, Kim SJ. A novel E1A-like inhibitor of differentiation (EID) family member, EID-2, suppresses transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta signaling by blocking TGF-beta-induced formation of Smad3-Smad4 complexes. J Biol Chem 2003; 279:2666-72. [PMID: 14612439 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m310591200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Smad proteins play key roles in intracellular signaling of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily. E1A, an adenoviral oncoprotein, is known to inhibit TGF-beta-induced transactivation through binding to Smad proteins. Recently, an EID-1 (E1A-like inhibitor of differentiation-1) and EID-2 (EID-1-like inhibitor of differentiation-2) were identified. In this study, we examined the effect of EID-2 on Smad-mediated TGF-beta signaling. Here, we show that EID-2 inhibits TGF-beta/Smad transcriptional responses. EID-2 interacts constitutively with Smad proteins, and most strongly with Smad3. Stable expression of EID-2 in the TGF-beta1-responsive cell line inhibits endogenous Smad3-Smad4 complex formation and TGF-beta1-induced expression of p21 and p15. These results suggest that EID-2 may function as an endogenous suppressor of TGF-beta signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Jae Lee
- Laboratory of Cell Regulation and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-5055, USA
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