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Wang Z, Yang Z, Shishido M, Daoudi K, Hidaka M, Tateno H, Futai E, Ogawa T. Microcystis viridis NIES-102 Cyanobacteria Lectin (MVL) Interacts with SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Receptor Binding Domains (RBDs) via Protein-Protein Interaction. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6696. [PMID: 38928400 PMCID: PMC11203576 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) posed a major challenge to healthcare systems worldwide, especially as mutations in the culprit Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) complicated the development of vaccines and antiviral drugs. Therefore, the search for natural products with broad anti-SARS-CoV-2 capabilities is an important option for the prevention and treatment of similar infectious diseases. Lectins, which are widely recognized as antiviral agents, could contribute to the development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs. This study evaluated the binding affinity of six lectins (including the cyanobacterial lectin from Microcystis viridis NIES-102 (MVL), and Jacalin, a lectin from the breadfruit, Artocarpus altilis) to the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein on the original (wild) SARS-CoV-2 and three of its mutants: Alpha, Delta, and Omicron. MVL and Jacalin showed distinct binding affinity to the RBDs of the four SARS-CoV-2 strains. The remaining four lectins (DB1, ConA, PHA-M and CSL3) showed no such binding affinity. Although the glycan specificities of MVL and Jacalin were different, they showed the same affinity for the spike protein RBDs of the four SARS-CoV-2 strains, in the order of effectiveness Alpha > Delta > original > Omicron. The verification of glycan-specific inhibition revealed that both lectins bind to RBDs by glycan-specific recognition, but, in addition, MVL binds to RBDs through protein-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengguang Wang
- Laboratory of Enzymology, Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (Z.W.); (Z.Y.); (M.S.); (K.D.); (M.H.); (E.F.)
| | - Zhihan Yang
- Laboratory of Enzymology, Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (Z.W.); (Z.Y.); (M.S.); (K.D.); (M.H.); (E.F.)
| | - Mami Shishido
- Laboratory of Enzymology, Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (Z.W.); (Z.Y.); (M.S.); (K.D.); (M.H.); (E.F.)
| | - Khadija Daoudi
- Laboratory of Enzymology, Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (Z.W.); (Z.Y.); (M.S.); (K.D.); (M.H.); (E.F.)
| | - Masafumi Hidaka
- Laboratory of Enzymology, Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (Z.W.); (Z.Y.); (M.S.); (K.D.); (M.H.); (E.F.)
| | - Hiroaki Tateno
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba 305-8566, Japan;
| | - Eugene Futai
- Laboratory of Enzymology, Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (Z.W.); (Z.Y.); (M.S.); (K.D.); (M.H.); (E.F.)
| | - Tomohisa Ogawa
- Laboratory of Enzymology, Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (Z.W.); (Z.Y.); (M.S.); (K.D.); (M.H.); (E.F.)
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Chen YL, Nie HN, Dong H, Gao Q, Peng X, Wang N, Chen X, Liu QZ, Li JK, Xu XB, Xue YL. Revealing the mechanism underlying the effects of γ-aminobutyric acid-dioscorin interactions on dioscorin structure and emulsifying properties by molecular dynamic simulations. Food Res Int 2023; 171:112982. [PMID: 37330840 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have shown that γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) exhibits various beneficial biological activities, including gut-modulating, neuro-stimulating, and cardio-protecting activities. Naturally, GABA exists in small amounts in yam, which is primarily synthesized by the decarboxylation of L-glutamic acid in the presence of glutamate decarboxylase. Dioscorin, the major tuber storage protein of yam, has been shown to have good solubility and emulsifying activity. However, how GABA interacts with dioscorin and affects their properties has yet to be clarified. In this research, the physicochemical and emulsifying properties of GABA-fortified dioscorin, which was dried by spray drying and freeze drying, were studied. As results, the freeze-dried (FD) dioscorin produced more stable emulsions, while the spray-dried (SD) dioscorin adsorbed more rapidly to oil/water (O/W) interface. The fluorescence spectroscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy and circular dichroism spectroscopy showed that GABA changed the structure of dioscorin, by exposing its hydrophobic groups. The addition of GABA significantly promoted the adsorption of dioscorin to the O/W interface and prevented droplets coalescence. The results of molecular dynamics simulation (MD) showed that GABA destroyed the H-bond network between dioscorin and water, increased surface hydrophobicity and finally improved the emulsifying properties of dioscorin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Long Chen
- College of Light Industry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Hao-Nan Nie
- College of Light Industry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Hui Dong
- College of Light Industry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Qi Gao
- College of Light Industry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China; Department of Regional Economic Development, Party School of Liaoning Provincial Party Committee, Shenyang 110161, China
| | - Xue Peng
- College of Light Industry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Ning Wang
- College of Light Industry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Xueling Chen
- Institute for Farm Products Processing and Nuclear-agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | | | - Jiang-Kuo Li
- Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Preservation of Agricultural Products (Tianjin), Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Xiang-Bin Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - You-Lin Xue
- College of Light Industry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China.
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Osman MEFM, Dirar AI, Konozy EHE. Genome-wide screening of lectin putative genes from Sorghum bicolor L., distribution in QTLs and a probable implications of lectins in abiotic stress tolerance. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:397. [PMID: 35963996 PMCID: PMC9375933 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03792-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sorghum bicolor is one of the most important crops worldwide with the potential to provide resilience when other economic staples might fail against the continuous environmental changes. Many physiological, developmental and tolerance traits in plants are either controlled or influenced by lectins; carbohydrate binding proteins. Hence, we aimed at providing a comprehensive in silico account on sorghum's lectins and study their possible implication on various desired agronomical traits. RESULTS We have searched sorghum's genome from grain and sweet types for lectins putative genes that encode proteins with domains capable of differentially binding carbohydrate moieties and trigger various physiological responses. Of the 12 known plant lectin families, 8 were identified regarding their domain architectures, evolutionary relationships, physiochemical characteristics, and gene expansion mechanisms, and they were thoroughly addressed. Variations between grain and sweet sorghum lectin homologs in term of the presence/absence of certain other joint domains like dirigent and nucleotide-binding adaptor shared by APAF-1, R-proteins, and CED-4 (NB-ARC) indicate a possible neofunctionalization. Lectin sequences were found to be preferentially overrepresented in certain quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to various traits under several subcategories such as cold, drought, salinity, panicle/grain composition, and leaf morphology. The co-localization and distribution of lectins among multiple QTLs provide insights into the pleiotropic effects that could be played by one lectin gene in numerous traits. CONCLUSION Our study offers a first-time inclusive details on sorghum lectins and their possible role in conferring tolerance against abiotic stresses and other economically important traits that can be informative for future functional analysis and breeding studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amina Ibrahim Dirar
- Medicinal, Aromatic Plants and Traditional Medicine Research Institute (MAPTRI), National Center for Research, Mek Nimr Street, Khartoum, Sudan
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Epping J, Laibach N. An underutilized orphan tuber crop-Chinese yam : a review. PLANTA 2020; 252:58. [PMID: 32959173 PMCID: PMC7505826 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03458-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION The diversification of food crops can improve our diets and address the effects of climate change, and in this context the orphan crop Chinese yam shows significant potential as a functional food. As the effects of climate change become increasingly visible even in temperate regions, there is an urgent need to diversify our crops in order to address hunger and malnutrition. This has led to the re-evaluation of neglected species such as Chinese yam (Dioscorea polystachya Turcz.), which has been cultivated for centuries in East Asia as a food crop and as a widely-used ingredient in traditional Chinese medicine. The tubers are rich in nutrients, but also contain bioactive metabolites such as resistant starches, steroidal sapogenins (like diosgenin), the storage protein dioscorin, and mucilage polysaccharides. These health-promoting products can help to prevent cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and disorders of the gut microbiome. Whereas most edible yams are tropical species, Chinese yam could be cultivated widely in Europe and other temperate regions to take advantage of its nutritional and bioactive properties. However, this is a laborious process and agronomic knowledge is fragmented. The underground tubers contain most of the starch, but are vulnerable to breaking and thus difficult to harvest. Breeding to improve tuber shape is complex given the dioecious nature of the species, the mostly vegetative reproduction via bulbils, and the presence of more than 100 chromosomes. Protocols have yet to be established for in vitro cultivation and genetic transformation, which limits the scope of research. This article summarizes the sparse research landscape and evaluates the nutritional and medical applications of Chinese yam. By highlighting the potential of Chinese yam tubers, we aim to encourage the adoption of this orphan crop as a novel functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Epping
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Muenster, Schlossplatz 8, 48143, Muenster, Germany.
| | - Natalie Laibach
- Institute for Food and Resource Economics, University of Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 174, 53115, Bonn, Germany
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Obidiegwu JE, Lyons JB, Chilaka CA. The Dioscorea Genus (Yam)-An Appraisal of Nutritional and Therapeutic Potentials. Foods 2020; 9:E1304. [PMID: 32947880 PMCID: PMC7555206 DOI: 10.3390/foods9091304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The quest for a food secure and safe world has led to continuous effort toward improvements of global food and health systems. While the developed countries seem to have these systems stabilized, some parts of the world still face enormous challenges. Yam (Dioscorea species) is an orphan crop, widely distributed globally; and has contributed enormously to food security especially in sub-Saharan Africa because of its role in providing nutritional benefits and income. Additionally, yam has non-nutritional components called bioactive compounds, which offer numerous health benefits ranging from prevention to treatment of degenerative diseases. Pharmaceutical application of diosgenin and dioscorin, among other compounds isolated from yam, has shown more prospects recently. Despite the benefits embedded in yam, reports on the nutritional and therapeutic potentials of yam have been fragmented and the diversity within the genus has led to much confusion. An overview of the nutritional and health importance of yam will harness the crop to meet its potential towards combating hunger and malnutrition, while improving global health. This review makes a conscious attempt to provide an overview regarding the nutritional, bioactive compositions and therapeutic potentials of yam diversity. Insights on how to increase its utilization for a greater impact are elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jude E. Obidiegwu
- National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Km 8 Umuahia-Ikot Ekpene Road, P.M.B 7006 Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria
| | - Jessica B. Lyons
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, 142 Weill Hall #3200, Berkeley, CA 94720-3200, USA;
| | - Cynthia A. Chilaka
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Versbacher Straβe 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany; or
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Osukoya OA, Kuku A. Physicochemical, enzymatic and molecular characterisation of the storage protein of aerial tuber, Dioscorea bulbifera Linn. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2020; 18:29. [PMID: 32661737 PMCID: PMC7358276 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-020-00040-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The storage protein of the aerial tuber of Dioscorea bulbifera was purified and its physicochemical, enzymatic and molecular properties determined with a view to comparing its functionality and genetic relatedness with other storage proteins. RESULTS The purified protein had molecular weight of 21 kDa. The protein showed carbonic anhydrase, trypsin inhibitory, dehydroascorbate reductase and monodehydroascorbate reductase activities. Amplifications with polymerase chain reactions resulted in the detection of two genes encoding the storage protein. The deduced amino acid sequence of the shorter and larger genes had homologies with the storage proteins of members of the Dioscorea family. CONCLUSION The study concluded that the storage protein of the aerial tuber of D. bulbifera had similar properties with those of other Dioscorea species and may be suitable for development as functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adenike Kuku
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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Li C, Lu Y, Chen X, Yang M, Zou Z, Han J, Gao X, Tang R, Wang C, Huang L, Wang Z. Analysis of the N-Glycoforms and Immunoactivity of Chinese Yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) Glycoprotein 30CYGP. J Proteome Res 2019; 19:28-35. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Zhang L, Ng TB, Lam JKW, Wang SW, Lao L, Zhang KY, Sze SCW. Research and Development of Proteins and Peptides with Therapeutic Potential from Yam Tubers. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2019; 20:277-284. [PMID: 29932033 DOI: 10.2174/1389203719666180622094356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We discuss the diverse biological activities, therapeutic potential, and clinical applications of peptides and proteins isolated from various yams species including Dioscorea opposita Thunb (Chinese yam), D alata, D japonica (Japanese yam), D pseudojaponica, D batatas (Korea yam), and D cayenensis. Yam peptides and proteins have many pharmacological activities including immunomodulatory, antioxidant, estrogen-stimulating, osteogenic, angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibiting, carbonic anhydrase and trypsin inhibiting, chitinase, anti-insect, anti-dust mite, lectin, and anti-proliferative activities. Yam peptides and proteins have therapeutic potential for treating cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory diseases, cancers, aging disorders, menopause, and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jenny Ka Wing Lam
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shi Wei Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lixing Lao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kalin Yanbo Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Stephen Cho Wing Sze
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptisit University, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Singh SS, Wong JH, Ng TB, Singh WS, Thangjam R. Biomedical Applications of Lectins from Traditional Chinese Medicine. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2019; 20:220-230. [DOI: 10.2174/1389203719666180612081709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lectins are proteins or glycoproteins of non-immune origin which have at least one noncatalytic
domain that bind reversibly to specific mono or oligosaccharides. Traditional Chinese Medicine
(TCM) involves a broad range of medicinal practices sharing common concepts which have been
developed in China and are based on a tradition of more than thousands of years. Plant materials which
are commonly used in TCM as a complementary or alternative for Western medical treatments contain a
considerable number of important lectins. These lectins have been reported to have various applications
and uses such as cancer treatment, glycoconjugate research, biomarker development, and others. Here,
we summarize the available literature related to lectins from TCM and recent trends in their potential
biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senjam Sunil Singh
- Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry, Biochemistry Department, Manipur University, Canchipur, Imphal-795003, India
| | - Jack Ho Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wayenbam Sobhachandra Singh
- Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry, Biochemistry Department, Manipur University, Canchipur, Imphal-795003, India
| | - Robert Thangjam
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Mizoram University, Aizawl - 796 004, India
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Antitumor properties of a methyl-β- d -galactopyranoside specific lectin from Kaempferia rotunda against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 102:952-959. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.04.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Liu L, Huang Y, Huang X, Yang J, Wu W, Xu Y, Cong Z, Xie J, Xia W, Huang D. Characterization of the Dioscorin Gene Family in Dioscorea alata Reveals a Role in Tuber Development and Environmental Response. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071579. [PMID: 28726732 PMCID: PMC5536067 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dioscorin is one of the major soluble proteins in yam tubers. Unlike other well-known plant storage proteins, such as patatin and sporamin, dioscorin is argued for its function as storage proteins, and the molecular mechanisms underlying its expressional complexity are little understood. In this study, we isolated five dioscorin genes from Dioscorea alata L., comprising three class A (Da-dio1, -3 and -4) and two class B (Da-dio2 and -5) isoforms. Expressions of all dioscorin genes gradually decreased in mother tubers during yam sprouting and regrowth. On the other hand, all dioscorin genes accumulated transcripts progressively with tuber development in new tubers, with Da-dio5 being the most prominent isoform. In yam leaves, the expressions of Da-dio5 were up-regulated by the treatments of five phytohormones (gibberellic acid, salicylic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, abscisic acid, and ethylene), and three abiotic stresses (high-temperature, low-temperature and drought). To further elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of Da-dio5 expressions, transgenic Arabidopsis plants harboring the Da-dio5 promoter-β-glucuronidase (GUS) fusion were generated. GUS staining showed that expressions of the Da-dio5 promoter were detected mainly in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) and hypocotyls, and enhanced by the treatments of the five hormones, and the three abiotic stresses mentioned above. These results suggest diverse roles of Da-dio5 in yam sprouting, regrowth, and tuberization, as well as in response to enviromental cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linya Liu
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Yacheng Huang
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Xiaolong Huang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Jianghua Yang
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou 571737, China.
| | - Wenqiang Wu
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Yun Xu
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Ziwen Cong
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Jun Xie
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Wei Xia
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Dongyi Huang
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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Sharma M, Hotpet V, B R S, A S K, Swamy BM, Inamdar SR. Purification, characterization and biological significance of mannose binding lectin from Dioscorea bulbifera bulbils. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 102:1146-1155. [PMID: 28472687 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.04.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Dioscorea bulbifera or air potato has been used as a folk remedy to treat cancer. A mannose binding lectin from bulbils of D. bulbifera was purified in a single step by affinity chromatography on mucin coupled Sepharose 4B column, determined by its fine sugar specificity by glycan array analysis and studied for its clinical potential in cancer and HIV research. SDS-PAGE showed that lectin is a monomer of Mr 24kDa. DBL agglutinated only rabbit erythrocytes and was inhibited by mucin, asialomucin, fetuin, asialofetuin and transferrin but not by any monosaccharides. Glycan array analysis of DBL revealed its affinity toward high mannose N-linked glycans with enhanced affinity for terminal mannose including N-linked glycans of HIV envelope glycoprotein gp120 and has strong anti-reverse transcriptase activity. DBL showed strong binding to non-metastatic human colon epithelial cancer HT 29, metastatic SW 620 and hepatocellular HepG2 cell lines. DBL showed dose and time dependent growth inhibitory effects on all the three cell lines HT 29, SW 620 and HepG2 with IC50 of 110μg, 9.8μg, 40μg respectively at 72h. Inhibitory effect of DBL was effectively blocked in presence of competing glycans like mucin. DBL has promising clinical potential both in cancer and HIV research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Sharma
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India
| | | | - Sindhura B R
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India
| | - Kamalanathan A S
- Centre for Bioseparation Technology, VIT University, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Bale M Swamy
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India
| | - Shashikala R Inamdar
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India.
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Sharma S, Gupta R, Deswal R. Dioscorea alata tuber proteome analysis shows over thirty dioscorin isoforms and novel tuber proteins. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 114:128-137. [PMID: 28292708 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In Dioscorea, dioscorin (31 kDa) is the major storage protein constituting 85% of the total tuber proteins. An integrated proteomic and biochemical approach was used to understand the physiological role of dioscorin in the two contrasting growth stages (germinating and mature tuber). HPLC analysis showed 3 fold reduction in mannitol and 12.88 and 1.24 fold increase in sucrose and maltose in the germinating tuber. A 1.8 and 3 fold increase in sucrose phosphate synthase and mannitol dehydrogenase activity respectively was observed in the germinating tuber while a 2 fold higher invertase probably lowers the sucrose accumulation in the mature tuber. SDS-PAGE and 2-D maps of the mature and germinating tubers confirmed depletion (more than 50%) of dioscorin on germination. Dioscorin was purified using ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography with 43.32 fold purification and 38.16 yield. Out of a trail of 35 spots at 31 kDa only 12 spots (identified as dioscorin isoforms) were present in the 2D gel of the purified fraction. To search for other tuber proteins besides dioscorin, the unbound fractions of DEAE column were analysed by 2DGE. DREB 1A, caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase and Rab-1 small GTP binding protein were identified perhaps for the first time in the Dioscorea proteome. The interactome analysis revealed these to be involved in oxidative stress, carotenoid synthesis and vesicular transport. This is perhaps the first attempt to identify tuber proteome (although limited) and to understand the physiological significance of these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Sharma
- Molecular Physiology and Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Delhi, India
| | - Ravi Gupta
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Renu Deswal
- Molecular Physiology and Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Delhi, India.
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Díaz A, Dini C, Viña SZ, García MA. Starch extraction process coupled to protein recovery from leguminous tuberous roots (Pachyrhizus ahipa). Carbohydr Polym 2016; 152:231-240. [PMID: 27516269 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to fit together the starch extraction from Pachyrhizus ahipa roots and the recovery of the proteins present in these storage organs, making an improved use of this novel raw material. The replacement of water by buffer PO4(-3)/NaCl as solvent in the first extraction steps improved protein extraction without lowering the starch yield. The starches obtained from the traditional and the proposed methods exhibited some differences in appearance and technological and thermal properties, which were endorsed to the adjustment in the methodology of extraction rather than to the use of buffer as solvent. Thus, P. ahipa starch obtaining procedure could be coupled to protein extraction with a minimum change in the methodology. This innovation did not significantly shift the characteristics of the starch obtained and allowed to obtain a protein yield of 135.7mg BSA equivalent protein/100g of fresh roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Díaz
- CIDCA (Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos), Facultad Ciencias Exactas Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)-CONICET La Plata, 47 y 116 S/N°, La Plata (B1900AJJ), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Dini
- CIDCA (Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos), Facultad Ciencias Exactas Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)-CONICET La Plata, 47 y 116 S/N°, La Plata (B1900AJJ), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sonia Z Viña
- CIDCA (Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos), Facultad Ciencias Exactas Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)-CONICET La Plata, 47 y 116 S/N°, La Plata (B1900AJJ), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Curso Bioquímica y Fitoquímica, Facultad Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales UNLP, Argentina
| | - María A García
- CIDCA (Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos), Facultad Ciencias Exactas Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)-CONICET La Plata, 47 y 116 S/N°, La Plata (B1900AJJ), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Macedo MLR, Oliveira CFR, Oliveira CT. Insecticidal activity of plant lectins and potential application in crop protection. Molecules 2015; 20:2014-33. [PMID: 25633332 PMCID: PMC6272522 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20022014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lectins constitute a complex group of proteins found in different organisms. These proteins constitute an important field for research, as their structural diversity and affinity for several carbohydrates makes them suitable for numerous biological applications. This review addresses the classification and insecticidal activities of plant lectins, providing an overview of the applicability of these proteins in crop protection. The likely target sites in insect tissues, the mode of action of these proteins, as well as the use of lectins as biotechnological tools for pest control are also described. The use of initial bioassays employing artificial diets has led to the most recent advances in this field, such as plant breeding and the construction of fusion proteins, using lectins for targeting the delivery of toxins and to potentiate expected insecticide effects. Based on the data presented, we emphasize the contribution that plant lectins may make as tools for the development of integrated insect pest control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lígia R Macedo
- Department of Food Technology and Public Health, University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul 79070-900, Brazil.
| | - Caio F R Oliveira
- Department of Food Technology and Public Health, University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul 79070-900, Brazil.
| | - Carolina T Oliveira
- Department of Food Technology and Public Health, University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul 79070-900, Brazil.
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Kenmochi E, Kabir SR, Ogawa T, Naude R, Tateno H, Hirabayashi J, Muramoto K. Isolation and biochemical characterization of Apios tuber lectin. Molecules 2015; 20:987-1002. [PMID: 25584830 PMCID: PMC6272198 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20010987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Apios tuber lectin, named ATL, was isolated from Apios americana Medikus by two chromatography steps, hydrophobic chromatography and anion-exchange chromatography. The minimum concentration required for the hemagglutination activity toward rabbit erythrocytes of ATL was 4 μg/mL. ATL was composed of a homodimer of 28.4 kDa subunits. The amino acid sequence of ATL was similar to those of other legume lectins. The lectin showed moderate stability toward heating and acidic pH, and the binding affinity against several monosaccharides, such as D-glucosamine and D-galactosamine. ATL also bound to desialylated or agalactosylated glycoproteins such as asialo and agalacto transferrin. ATL decreased the transepithelial electrical resistance across human intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayers, suggesting the effect on the tight junction-mediated paracellular transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Kenmochi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
| | - Syed Rashel Kabir
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
| | - Tomohisa Ogawa
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
| | - Ryno Naude
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa.
| | - Hiroaki Tateno
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan.
| | - Jun Hirabayashi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan.
| | - Koji Muramoto
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
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Kim HY, Kim SS, Bae SH, Bae EH, Ma SK, Kim SW. Acute interstitial nephritis induced by Dioscorea quinqueloba. BMC Nephrol 2014; 15:143. [PMID: 25186588 PMCID: PMC4236634 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2369-15-143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of herbal medicine may be a risk factor for the development of kidney injury, as it has been reported to cause various renal syndromes. Dioscorea quinqueloba is a medicinal herb that is used as an alternative therapy for cardiovascular disease and various medical conditions. CASE PRESENTATION A 52-year-old man was admitted with complaints of skin rash and burning sensation. He had ingested a raw extract of D. quinqueloba as a traditional remedy. Laboratory tests revealed the following values: absolute eosinophil count, 900/mm(3); serum creatinine level, 2.7 mg/dL; and blood urea nitrogen, 33.0 mg/dL. The immunoglobulin E level was markedly increased at 1320.0 IU/mL. Urinalysis revealed a fractional excretion of sodium of 3.77%, protein 1+, and blood 3+. Histological examination of the renal biopsy specimen showed a diffusely edematous interstitium with infiltrates composed of eosinophils, lymphocytes, and neutrophils. CONCLUSION Here, we present the first reported case of biopsy-proven acute interstitial nephritis following ingestion of D. quinqueloba associated with skin rash, eosinophilia, and increased plasma immunoglobulin E level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Soo Wan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, 42 Jebongro, Gwangju 501-757, Korea.
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18
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Lu YL, Chia CY, Liu YW, Hou WC. Biological activities and applications of dioscorins, the major tuber storage proteins of yam. J Tradit Complement Med 2014; 2:41-6. [PMID: 24716113 PMCID: PMC3943009 DOI: 10.1016/s2225-4110(16)30069-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Yam tubers, a common tuber crop and an important traditional Chinese medicine in Taiwan, have many bioactive substances, including phenolic compounds, mucilage polysaccharides, steroidal saponins and proteins. Among the total soluble proteins, 80% of them are dioscorins. In the past two decades, many studies showed that dioscorins exhibited biological activities both in vitro and in vivo, including the enzymatic, antioxidant, antihypertensive, immunomodulatory, lectin activities and the protecting role on airway epithelial cells against allergens in vitro. Some of these activities are survived after chemical, heating process or enzymatic digestion. Despite of lacking the intact structural information and the detail action mechanisms in the cells, yam dioscorins are potential resources for developing as functional foods and interesting targets for food protein researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeh-Lin Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cho-Yun Chia
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Wenn Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Hou
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Yang CC, Lin KC. Class A dioscorins of various yam species suppress ovalbumin-induced allergic reactions. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2014; 36:242-9. [DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2014.921691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Effects of Food Lectins on the Transport System of Human Intestinal Caco-2 Cell Monolayers. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 77:1917-24. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.130367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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21
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Hsu YJ, Weng CF, Lin KW, Lin KC. Suppression of allergic reactions in ovalbumin-sensitized mice by yam storage proteins dioscorins. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:11460-11467. [PMID: 24215486 DOI: 10.1021/jf403480s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
To study the biomedical functions of dioscorins isolated from various species of Dioscorea , we investigated their antiallergic potential using an OVA-induced allergy mouse model. All the dioscorins suppressed allergic reactions by decreasing the serum IgE and histamine levels. The serum IFN-γ and IgG2a levels increased in all the dioscorin-treated mice. The spleen cells from the dioscorin-treated mice also exhibited an up-regulation of IFN-γ secretion in response to ConA stimulation. Although dioscorins did not affect the IgG1 levels, the IL-5 levels decreased to basal levels in mice treated with dioscorins of D. alata or D. japonica and in most of the lymphoid cells of the dioscorin-treated mice in response to ConA stimulation. The decrease of IgE and histamine levels was concomitant with an increase in IFN-γ and IgG2a levels and with a decrease in IL-5 levels, suggesting that dioscorins suppressed the OVA-induced allergic reactions, possibly through modulating an imbalanced Th1/Th2 immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jhen Hsu
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University , Hualien County 974, Taiwan, R.O.C
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22
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Huong PTT, Jeon YJ. Macrophage activation by glycoprotein isolated from Dioscorea batatas. Toxicol Res 2013; 27:167-72. [PMID: 24278568 PMCID: PMC3834383 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2011.27.3.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2011] [Revised: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 08/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate that glycoprotein isolated from Dioscorea batatas (GDB) activates macrophage function. Analysis of the infiltration of macrophages into peritoneal cavity showed GDB treatment significantly increased the recruitment of macrophages into the peritoneal cavity. In order to further confirm and investigate the mechanism of GDB on macrophage activation, we analyzed the effects of GDB on the cytokine expression including IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in mouse peritoneal macrophages. GDB increased the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6. Cytokine induction by GDB was further confirmed by RT-PCR and ELISA in mouse macrophage cell line, RAW264.7 cells. Treatment of RAW264.7 cells with GDB produced strong induction of NF-κB DNA binding and MAPK phosphorylation, markers for macrophage activation and important factors for cytokine gene expression. Collectively, this series of experiments indicates that GDB stimulates macrophage activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham Thi Thu Huong
- Department of Pharmacology, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju 501-759 Korea ; Chemical Biology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongwongun 363-883 Korea
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23
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Anti-inflammatory and carbonic anhydrase restoring actions of yam powder (Dioscorea spp) contribute to the prevention of cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcer in a rat model. Nutr Res 2013; 33:677-85. [PMID: 23890358 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2013.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Increased acid output, accompanied with a defective defense system, is considered a fundamental pathogenesis of duodenal ulcer (DU). However, relapse of DU occurs despite proton pump inhibitors and H2 receptor antagonists, hence imposing the enforcement of the defense system. Dried powder of the yam tuber (Dioscorea spp) has been used in traditional folk medicine as a nutritional fortification. We hypothesized that dried-yam powder would prevent DU through improvement of anti-inflammatory actions and carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity. Therefore, we investigated the preventive effects of dried-yam powder against the cysteamine-induced DU and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. Duodenal ulcers were induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by intragastric administration of 500 mg/kg cysteamine-HCl. The dried-yam powder was used as a pretreatment before the cysteamine-HCl. The number and size of DU were measured. The expressions of inflammation mediators were checked in duodenal tissues, and the expressions of CAs and malondialdehyde levels were also examined. Cysteamine provoked perforated DU, whereas dried-yam powder significantly prevented DU as much as pantoprazole and significantly reduced the incidence of perforation. The messenger RNA expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase were remarkably decreased in the yam group compared with the cysteamine group, and the serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor were significantly attenuated in the yam group. Cysteamine significantly decreased the expression of CAs, whereas yam treatment significantly preserved the expressions of CA IX, XII, and XIV. In conclusion, dried-yam powder exerts a significant protective effect against cysteamine-induced DU by lowering the activity of inflammatory cytokines and free radicals and restoring the activity of CAs, except in CA IV.
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Tsai WY, Jheng YJ, Chen KH, Lin KW, Ho YP, Yang CC, Lin KC. Molecular cloning, structural analysis and mass spectrometric identification of native dioscorins of various yam species. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2013; 93:761-770. [PMID: 22806688 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.5789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2012] [Revised: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dioscorins are the major storage proteins of yam tubers. However, the molecular nature of their heterogeneity in tubers has not been fully elucidated. In this study the authors isolated the dioscorin gene families of Dioscorea japonica and Dioscorea pseudojaponica, performed matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and elucidated which dioscorin isoforms are the major constituents in tubers. RESULTS The dioscorin gene families of D. japonica (Dj-dioA1-Dj-dioA4, Dj-dioB1 and Dj-dioB2) and D. pseudojaponica (Dp-dioA1-Dp-dioA5 and Dp-dioB1) were cloned from cDNA libraries of yam tubers. The dioscorins isolated from Dioscorea alata (Da-dioscorins), D. japonica (Dj-dioscorins) and D. pseudojaponica (Dp-dioscorins) were mainly monomers, with a few dimers. The monomers contained one intramolecular disulfide bond (Cys(28)-Cys(187)) and belonged to Class A dioscorins with two cysteine residues. The dimers consisted of Class B dioscorins with one intermolecular disulfide bond (Cys(40)-Cys(40)). Results of MALDI-TOF-MS revealed that the Da-dioscorins were mainly encoded by Da-dioA2, Da-dioA3 and Da-dioA4. The majority of the Dj-dioscorins were encoded by Dj-dioA1, Dj-dioA2, Dj-dioA3 and Dj-dioB2. The Dp-dioscorins mainly comprised proteins encoded by Dp-dioA1, Dp-dioA3, Dp-dioA4, Dp-dioB1 and Dp-dioB2. CONCLUSION Determination of the constituents of dioscorin isoforms in yam tubers provides a basis for future studies of their physiological and biomedical functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yi Tsai
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien County 974, Taiwan
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25
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A lectin with highly potent inhibitory activity toward breast cancer cells from edible tubers of Dioscorea opposita cv. nagaimo. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54212. [PMID: 23349827 PMCID: PMC3549954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A 70-kDa galactose-specific lectin was purified from the tubers of Dioscorea opposita cv. nagaimo. The purification involved three chromatographic steps: anion exchange chromatography on a Q-Sepharose column, FPLC-anion exchange chromatography on a Mono Q column, and FPLC-gel filtration on a Superdex 75 column. The purified nagaimo lectin presented as a single 35-kDa band in reducing SDS-PAGE while it exhibited a 70-kDa single band in non-reducing SDS-PAGE suggesting its dimeric nature. Nagaimo lectin displayed moderate thermostability, retaining full hemagglutinating activity after heating up to 62°C for 30 minutes. It also manifested stability over a wide pH range from pH 2 to 13. Nagaimo lectin was a galactose-specific lectin, as evidenced by binding with galactose and galactose-containing sugars such as lactose and raffinose. The minimum concentration of galactose, lactose and raffinose required to exert an inhibitory effect on hemagglutinating activity of nagaimo lectin was 20 mM, 5 mM and 40 mM, respectively. Nagaimo lectin inhibited the growth of some cancer cell lines including breast cancer MCF7 cells, hepatoma HepG2 cells and nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE2 cells, with IC(50) values of 3.71 µM, 7.12 µM and 19.79 µM, respectively, after 24 hour treatment with nagaimo lectin. The induction of phosphatidylserine externalization and mitochondrial depolarization indicated that nagaimo lectin evoked apoptosis in MCF7 cells. However, the anti-proliferative activity of nagaimo lectin was not blocked by application of galactose, signifying that the activity was not related to the carbohydrate binding specificity of the lectin.
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Huong PTT, Lee MY, Lee KY, Chang IY, Lee SK, Yoon SP, Lee DC, Jeon YJ. Synergistic Induction of iNOS by IFN-γ and Glycoprotein Isolated from Dioscorea batatas. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2012; 16:431-6. [PMID: 23269906 PMCID: PMC3526748 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2012.16.6.431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Dioscorea species continue to be used in traditional Chinese medicine, and represent a major source of steroid precursors for conventional medicine. In the previous study, We isolated glycoprotein (GDB) from Dioscorea batatas, characterized, and demonstrated immunostimulating activity in C57BL/6 mice. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism whereby GDB activates macrophages. Macrophages activation by GDB was investigated by analyzing the effects of GDB on nitric oxide (NO) production, iNOS expression, mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation, and transcription factor activation. In the presence of IFN-γ, GDB strongly stimulated macrophages to express iNOS and produce NO. Furthermore, the activation of p38 was synergistically induced by GDB plus IFN-γ , but SB203580 (a p38 inhibitor) inhibited GDB plus IFN-γ-induced p38 activation. This study indicates that GDB is an important activator of macrophages. Furthermore, due to the critical role that macrophage activation plays in innate immune response, the activation effects of GDB on macrophages suggest that GDB may be a useful immunopotentiating agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham Thi Thu Huong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Korea
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27
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Bastiaan-Net S, Chanput W, Hertz A, Zwittink RD, Mes JJ, Wichers HJ. Biochemical and functional characterization of recombinant fungal immunomodulatory proteins (rFIPs). Int Immunopharmacol 2012; 15:167-75. [PMID: 23174509 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2012.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Revised: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, two novel FIPs have been identified and characterized. The first is FIP-nha, identified in the ascomycete Nectria haematococca, and as such, FIP-nha would be the first FIP to be identified outside the order of Basidiomycota. The second is LZ-9, an LZ-8 like protein identified in Ganoderma lucidum. Recombinant FIPs (rFIPs) were produced in Pichia pastoris and purified using His-affinity magnetic beads. The bioactive characteristics of FIP-nha and LZ-9 were compared to the well-known FIPs, LZ-8 from G. lucidum and FIP-fve from Flammulina velutipes, which were produced and purified using the same method. The produced rFIPs: rLZ-8, rLZ-9, rFIP-fve and rFIP-nha were investigated for their hemagglutinating activity which revealed that rLZ-8, rLZ-9 and rFIP-nha were able to agglutinate rabbit, mouse and sheep red blood cells while rFIP-fve only agglutinated rabbit red blood cells. None of the rFIPs were able to agglutinate human red blood cells unless the cells were trypsinized. In addition, all rFIPs were studied and compared to several lectins for their effect on Caco-2 intestinal cell layer integrity using transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurement. rLZ-9 appeared to have the highest effect in lowering TEER, similar to one of the tested lectins. Testing of rFIPs for their activation of inflammation-related genes of THP-1 macrophages showed rFIP-fve to be the strongest inducer of pro-inflammatory cytokine transcription. These results indicate that each rFIP has a unique bioactive profile as well as each lectin, creating the basis for further studies to relate structure to biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanna Bastiaan-Net
- Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Bornse Weilanden 9, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Jheng YJ, Tsai WY, Chen KH, Lin KW, Chyan CL, Yang CC, Lin KC. Recombinant dioscorins of the yam storage protein expressed in Escherichia coli exhibit antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities. Protein Expr Purif 2012; 85:77-85. [PMID: 22796748 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dioscorins, the major storage proteins in yam tubers, exhibit biochemical and immunomodulatroy activities. To investigate the potential application of dioscorins in biomedical research, we expressed the dioscorin genes Dj-dioA3 and Dp-dioA2 from Dioscorea japonica and Dioscorea pseudojaponica, respectively, in E. coli and routinely obtained approximately 15 mg proteins per liter Escherichia coli culture (mg/L) to 30 mg/L of rDj-dioscorinA3 and 4 to 8 mg/L of rDp-dioscorinA2. Western blot analyses revealed that both recombinant dioscorins contained epitopes with similar antigenicities to those of the native dioscorins. Results from dithiothreitol (DTT) treatment followed by monobromobimane (mBBr) staining showed that both recombinant dioscorins, like the native dioscorins, contain an intramolecular disulfide bond between Cys(28) and Cys(187) residues. Circular dichroism spectroscopy findings indicated that the secondary structural contents of the recombinant dioscorins showed high similarity to those of their corresponding native dioscorins. Both recombinant dioscorins, like the native dioscorins, exhibited 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and Toll-like receptor 4 signaling activities, and stimulated the phagocytosis of E. coli by macrophage. Overall, our results indicated that substantial amounts of recombinant dioscorins can be purified easily from E. coli and that these recombinant dioscorins are appropriate for application in future investigations of the biomedical functions of dioscorins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jyun Jheng
- Department of Life Science, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien County 974, Taiwan, ROC
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29
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Kao WT, Chang CT, Lin KW. Antioxidant and trypsin inhibition activity of dioscorin influenced by yam cultivars and eluent pH. Int J Food Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2012.02984.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Freire MDGM, Franco OL, Kubo CEG, Migliolo L, Vargas RH, de Oliveira CFR, Parra JRP, Macedo MLR. Structural insights regarding an insecticidal Talisia esculenta protein and its biotechnological potential for Diatraea saccharalis larval control. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2011; 161:86-92. [PMID: 21983187 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2011.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Revised: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Talisin is a seed-storage protein from Talisia esculenta that presents lectin-like activities, as well as proteinase-inhibitor properties. The present study aims to provide new in vitro and in silico biochemical information about this protein, shedding some light on its mechanistic inhibitory strategies. A theoretical three-dimensional structure of Talisin bound to trypsin was constructed in order to determine the relative interaction mode. Since the structure of non-competitive inhibition has not been elucidated, Talisin-trypsin docking was carried out using Hex v5.1, since the structure of non-competitive inhibition has not been elucidated. The predicted non-coincidence of the trypsin binding site is completely different from that previously proposed for Kunitz-type inhibitors, which demonstrate a substitution of an Arg(64) for the Glu(64) residue. Data, therefore, provide more information regarding the mechanisms of non-competitive plant proteinase inhibitors. Bioassays with Talisin also presented a strong insecticide effect on the larval development of Diatraea saccharalis, demonstrating LD50 and ED50 of ca. 2.0% and 1.5%, respectively.
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He XM, Ji N, Xiang XC, Luo P, Bao JK. Purification, characterization, and molecular cloning of a novel antifungal lectin from the roots of Ophioglossum pedunculosum. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2011; 165:1458-72. [PMID: 21947760 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-011-9367-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2011] [Accepted: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel mannan-specific lectin was isolated from the roots of a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, Ophioglossum pedunculosum through ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. With a molecular mass of 19,835.7 Da demonstrated by MALDI-TOF analysis, this novel agglutinin was designated as O. pedunculosum agglutinin (OPA), specifically agglutinating human O erythrocytes and rabbit erythrocytes. The hemagglutination could be strongly inhibited by mannan and thyroglobulin, the activity of which was stable in pH range of 4.0-8.0 and at temperatures below 50 °C. Chemical modification studies indicated that tryptophan and arginine residues were essential for its hemagglutinating activity. Meanwhile, it showed antifungal activities toward Sclerotium rolfsii and Fusarium graminearum. In addition, to amplify cDNA of OPA by 3'/5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE), the N-terminal 30 amino acids sequence of OPA was determined, and degenerate primers were designed. The obtained full-length cDNA of OPA contained 885 bp with an open-reading frame of 600 bp encoding a precursor protein of 199 amino acids, while the mature protein had 170 amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Mei He
- School of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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Purification and characterization of a Ca2+-dependent novel lectin from Nymphaea nouchali tuber with antiproliferative activities. Biosci Rep 2011; 31:465-75. [DOI: 10.1042/bsr20100126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A lectin (termed NNTL) was purified from the extracts of Nymphaea nouchali tuber followed by anion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, hydrophobic chromatography on HiTrap Phenyl HP and by repeated anion-exchange chromatography on HiTrap Q FF column. The molecular mass of the purified lectin was 27.0 ± 1.0 kDa, as estimated by SDS/PAGE both in the presence and in the absence of 2-mercaptoethanol. NNTL was an o-nitrophenyl β-D-galactopyranoside sugar-specific lectin that agglutinated rat, chicken and different groups of human blood cells and exhibited high agglutination activity over the pH range 5–9 and temperatures of 30–60°C. The N-terminal sequence of NNTL did not show sequence similarity with any other lectin and the amino acid analysis revealed that NNTL was rich in leucine, methionine and glycine residues. NNTL was a glycoprotein containing 8% neutral sugar and showed toxicity against brine shrimp nauplii with an LC50 value of 120 ± 29 μg/ml and exerted strong agglutination activity against four pathogenic bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Sarcina lutea, Shigella shiga and Shigella sonnei). In addition, antiproliferative activity of this lectin against EAC (Ehrlich ascites carcinoma) cells showed 56% and 76% inhibition in vivo in mice at 1.5 and 3 mg·kg−1·day−1 respectively. NNTL was a divalent ion-dependent glycoprotein, which lost its activity markedly in the presence of denaturants. Furthermore, measurement of fluorescence spectra in the presence and absence of urea and CaCl2 indicated the requirement of Ca2+ for the stability of NNTL.
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Huong PTT, Lee CH, Li MH, Lee MY, Kim JK, Lee SM, Seon JH, Lee DC, Jeon YJ. Characterization and immunopotentiating effects of the glycoprotein isolated from dioscorea batatas. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2011; 15:101-6. [PMID: 21660150 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2011.15.2.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Revised: 04/16/2011] [Accepted: 04/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate that glycoprotein isolated from Dioscorea batatas (GDB) has immunostimulatory effects including macrophage activation. Analysis of infiltration of inflammatory cells into peritoneal cavity showed GDB treatment significantly increased the recruitment of macrophages, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and monocytes into the peritoneal cavity. Treatment of spleen cells isolated from C57BL/6 mice with GDB significantly increased the proliferation of B cells and T cells induced by LPS and ConA, respectively. Treatment with GDB significantly increased the cytolytic capacity of NK cells and macrophages against YAC-1 and B16 cells, respectively. In order to further confirm and investigate the mechanism of GDB on macrophage activation, we analyzed the effects of GDB on the cytokine expression including iNOS, IL-1β, and TNF-α in mouse macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7 cells. RT-PCR and ELISA showed that GDB increased the expression of IL-1β, and TNF-α, whereas iNOS was not induced by GDB. Collectively, this series of experiments indicates that GDB stimulates immune system including macrophage activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham Thi Thu Huong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Korea
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Tsikou D, Stedel C, Kouri ED, Udvardi MK, Wang TL, Katinakis P, Labrou NE, Flemetakis E. Characterization of two novel nodule-enhanced α-type carbonic anhydrases from Lotus japonicus. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2011; 1814:496-504. [PMID: 21256984 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Revised: 12/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Two cDNA clones coding for α-type carbonic anhydrases (CA; EC 4.2.1.1) in the nitrogen-fixing nodules of the model legume Lotus japonicus were identified. Functionality of the full-length proteins was confirmed by heterologous expression in Escherichia coli and purification of the encoded polypeptides. The developmental expression pattern of LjCAA1 and LjCAA2 revealed that both genes code for nodule enhanced carbonic anhydrase isoforms, which are induced early during nodule development. The genes were slightly to moderately down-regulated in ineffective nodules formed by mutant Mesorhizobium loti strains, indicating that these genes may also be involved in biochemical and physiological processes not directly linked to nitrogen fixation/assimilation. The spatial expression profiling revealed that both genes were expressed in nodule inner cortical cells, vascular bundles and central tissue. These results are discussed in the context of the possible roles of CA in nodule carbon dioxide (CO(2)) metabolism.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Carbonic Anhydrases/chemistry
- Carbonic Anhydrases/genetics
- Carbonic Anhydrases/metabolism
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Enzyme Assays
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
- Lotus/cytology
- Lotus/enzymology
- Lotus/genetics
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Phylogeny
- Protein Structure, Secondary
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Root Nodules, Plant/cytology
- Root Nodules, Plant/enzymology
- Root Nodules, Plant/genetics
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Up-Regulation/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Tsikou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece
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Macedo MLR, Freire MDGM, Kubo CEG, Parra JRP. Bioinsecticidal activity of Talisia esculenta reserve protein on growth and serine digestive enzymes during larval development of Anticarsia gemmatalis. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2011; 153:24-33. [PMID: 20692365 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2010.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2010] [Revised: 08/01/2010] [Accepted: 08/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Plants synthesize a variety of molecules to defend themselves against an attack by insects. Talisin is a reserve protein from Talisia esculenta seeds, the first to be characterized from the family Sapindaceae. In this study, the insecticidal activity of Talisin was tested by incorporating the reserve protein into an artificial diet fed to the velvetbean caterpillar Anticarsia gemmatalis, the major pest of soybean crops in Brazil. At 1.5% (w/w) of the dietary protein, Talisin affected larval growth, pupal weight, development and mortality, adult fertility and longevity, and produced malformations in pupae and adult insects. Talisin inhibited the trypsin-like activity of larval midgut homogenates. The trypsin activity in Talisin-fed larvae was sensitive to Talisin, indicating that no novel protease-resistant to Talisin was induced in Talisin-fed larvae. Affinity chromatography showed that Talisin bound to midgut proteinases of the insect A. gemmatalis, but was resistant to enzymatic digestion by these larval proteinases. The transformation of genes coding for this reserve protein could be useful for developing insect resistant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lígia R Macedo
- Laboratório de Purificação de Proteínas e suas Funções Biológicas, Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
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36
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Petnual P, Sangvanich P, Karnchanatat A. A lectin from the rhizomes of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) and its antifungal, antibacterial, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Food Sci Biotechnol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-010-0128-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Arango J, Salazar B, Welsch R, Sarmiento F, Beyer P, Al-Babili S. Putative storage root specific promoters from cassava and yam: cloning and evaluation in transgenic carrots as a model system. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2010; 29:651-659. [PMID: 20369359 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-010-0851-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2010] [Revised: 03/19/2010] [Accepted: 03/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A prerequisite for biotechnological improvements of storage roots is the availability of tissue-specific promoters enabling high expression of transgenes. In this work, we cloned two genomic fragments, pMe1 and pDJ3S, controlling the expression of a gene with unknown function from cassava (Manihot esculenta) and of the storage protein dioscorin 3 small subunit gene from yam (Dioscorea japonica), respectively. Using beta-glucuronidase as a reporter, the activities of pMe1 and pDJ3S were evaluated in independent transgenic carrot lines and compared to the constitutive CaMV35S and the previously described cassava p15 promoters. Activities of pMe1 and pDJ3S in storage roots were assessed using quantitative GUS assays that showed pDJ3S as the most active one. To determine organ specificities, uidA transcript levels in leaves, stems and roots were measured by real-time RT-PCR analyses showing highest storage root specificity for pDJ3S. Root cross sections revealed that pMe1 was highly active in secondary xylem. In contrast, pDJ3S was active in all root tissues except for the central xylem. The expression patterns caused by the cassava p15 promoter in carrot storage roots were consistent with its previously described activities for the original storage organ. Our data demonstrate that the pDJ3S and, to a lesser extent, the pMe1 regulatory sequences represent feasible candidates to drive high and preferential expression of genes in carrot storage roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacobo Arango
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestr. 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
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38
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Lin PL, Lin KW, Weng CF, Lin KC. Yam storage protein dioscorins from Dioscorea alata and Dioscorea japonica exhibit distinct immunomodulatory activities in mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:4606-4613. [PMID: 19378946 DOI: 10.1021/jf8038499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of the major storage protein dioscorin isolated from two different yam species, Tainong No. 1 (TN1-dioscorins) and Japanese yam (Dj-dioscorins), on the immune activities of mice. Dj-dioscorins, like TN1-dioscorins, could induce expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines and stimulate phagocytosis of RAW 264.7. Intraperitoneal injection of the TN1-dioscorins into mice stimulated phagocytosis of bone marrow, spleen, and thymic cells. In contrast, the T and B cells in bone marrow, spleen, and thymus isolated from mice injected with Dj-dioscorins had higher proliferative responses to mitogens. Furthermore, Dj-dioscorins enhanced proliferation of CD4(+), CD8(+), and Tim3(+) (Th1) cells in spleen and CD19(+) cells in both spleen and thymus. Supplement of Dj-dioscorins in the lymphoid cells isolated from Dj-dioscorins primed mice induced cell proliferation of both spleen and thymic cells. These findings indicated that TN1-dioscorins have a higher ability to stimulate the phagocytic activity of the lymphoid cells than Dj-dioscorins, whereas Dj-dioscorins possess more abilities than TN1-dioscorins to enhance the proliferation of the lymphoid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Lan Lin
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien County 974, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Ohizumi Y, Gaidamashvili M, Ohwada S, Matsuda K, Kominami J, Nakamura-Tsuruta S, Hirabayashi J, Naganuma T, Ogawa T, Muramoto K. Mannose-binding lectin from yam (Dioscorea batatas) tubers with insecticidal properties against Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:2896-902. [PMID: 19271711 DOI: 10.1021/jf8040269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The amino acid sequence of mannose-binding lectin, named DB1, from the yam (Dioscorea batatas, synonym Dioscorea polystachya) tubers was determined. The lectin was composed of two isoforms DB1(Cys86) and DB1(Leu86) consisting of 108 amino acid residues with 90% sequence homology between them. DB1 showed a high sequence similarity to snowdrop (Galanthus nivalis) bulb lectin, GNA; especially, the carbohydrate-binding sites of GNA were highly conserved in DB1. DB1 interacted with D-mannose residues of oligosaccharides, and the oligosaccharides carrying two mannose-alpha-1,3-D-mannose units showed high binding affinity. DB1 was examined for insecticidal activity against Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae at different stages of development. The rate of adults successfully emerging from pupae fed on DB1 was 33%, when incorporated into an artificial diet at a level of 0.01% (w/w). Although DB1 had no or marginal inhibitory effects on gut proteolytic and glycolic enzymes, the lectin strongly bound to larval brush border and peritrophic membrane detected by immunostaining. The results show that DB1 may fulfill a defense role against insect pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Ohizumi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan
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40
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Missing the Subcellular Target: A Mechanism of Eukaryotic Gene Evolution. Evol Biol 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-00952-5_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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41
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Inhibitory effect of 30-kDa phytoglycoprotein on expression of TNF-α and COX-2 via activation of PKCα and ERK 1/2 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2008; 317:151-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-008-9843-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2008] [Accepted: 06/05/2008] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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42
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Hur GY, Park HJ, Kim HA, Ye YM, Park HS. Identification of Dioscorea batatas (sanyak) allergen as an inhalant and oral allergen. J Korean Med Sci 2008; 23:72-6. [PMID: 18303202 PMCID: PMC2526494 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2008.23.1.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dioscorea batatas is widely used in Asia as a herbal medicine or food product with potential health benefits. There have been several reports of occupational asthma caused by inhalation of D. batatas dust. However, there has been no report of systemic allergic reactions after oral administration of D. batatas. Two patients with D. batatas allergy were enrolled. One had experienced severe urticaria and angioedema after indigestion, and the other had been exposed to D. batatas dust and was diagnosed as having occupational asthma. Both patients had high serum-specific IgE and IgG4 antibodies to D. batatas. And IgE immunoblot demonstrated that both sera bound to a 27-kDa protein with an IgE-binding motif, which was revealed by 2-D-electrophoresis to have the sequence Asn-Val-Glu-Asp-Glu-Phe-Ser-X-Ile- Glu-Gly-Asn-Pro-X-X-Pro-Glu-Asn-X-Gly (pI 6.40, 6.04). In conclusion, discorin from D. batatas (DB3S) was identified as the major allergen of D. batatas in patients sensitized via an oral or inhalant route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyu-Young Hur
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Han-Jung Park
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hyoun-Ah Kim
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Young-Min Ye
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hae-Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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43
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Stupak M, Vanderschuren H, Gruissem W, Zhang P. Biotechnological approaches to cassava protein improvement. Trends Food Sci Technol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2006.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Jeon JR, Lee JS, Lee CH, Kim JY, Kim SD, Nam DH. Effect of ethanol extract of dried Chinese yam (Dioscorea batatas) flour containing dioscin on gastrointestinal function in rat model. Arch Pharm Res 2006; 29:348-53. [PMID: 16756078 DOI: 10.1007/bf02968583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a 40% ethanol extract of Chinese yam flour (Dioscoreae rhizoma), containing 177 +/- 58 microg/mL of dioscin, was tested in order to evaluate its pharmacological effects on the gastrointestinal tracts of Sprague-Dawley rats. Via the ingestion of the Chinese yam extract, the secretion of gastric acid was suppressed in the rats, and gastrointestinal motility increased by as much as 10%. The fecal quantity of rats fed on the Chinese yam extract also increased, by more than 40% as compared with that of the controls. The Chinese yam extract was found not to affect the growth of normal intestinal bacteria. However, a great deal of lactose-fermenting bacteria was observed in the fecal samples of rats fed for 6 weeks on 2% Chinese yam extract. This finding would appear to suggest that Chinese yam extract not only induces an improvement in digestive capability, but also affects the conversion of some intestinal flora to helpful bacteria. Our serochemical analyses indicated that serum glucose, neutral lipid, and total cholesterol levels were reduced to some degree by long-term feeding on Chinese yam extract. This finding bolsters the notion that Chinese yam extract may prove helpful as a digestion-aiding agent for patients suffering from hyperglycemia or hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Ryae Jeon
- College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 705-717, Korea
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45
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Ohno Y, Naganuma T, Ogawa T, Muramoto K. Effect of lectins on the transport of food factors in caco-2 cell monolayers. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2006; 54:548-53. [PMID: 16417319 DOI: 10.1021/jf052040y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The effect of three plant lectins, soybean lectin (SBA), Japanese jack bean lectin (CGA), and wheat germ lectin (WGA), on the transport of various food factors, such as isoflavones, quercetin, dipeptides, and calcium ions, were investigated by use of an intestinal tract model, Caco-2 cell monolayers. The lectins increased the isoflavone transport but had no effect on aglycon transport. SBA increased the transport of quercetin glycosides, whereas CGA and WGA had no effect. The lectins increased the transport of calcium ions but showed no effect on the transport of dipeptides, carnosine, and anserine. Although SBA did not change the transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) value of the Caco-2 cell monolayers, CGA and WGA decreased the TER value. These results indicate that plant lectins affect the transport of food factors in different manners, presumably due to their specific sugar binding activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Ohno
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan
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MYODA T, MATSUDA Y, SUZUKI T, NAKAGAWA T, NAGAI T, NAGASHIMA T. Identification of Soluble Proteins and Interaction with Mannan in Mucilage of Dioscorea opposita Thunb. (Chinese Yam Tuber). FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2006. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.12.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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47
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Lin JY, Lu S, Liou YL, Liou HL. Increased IgA and IgG serum levels using a novel yam-boxthorn noodle in a BALB/c mouse model. Food Chem Toxicol 2005; 44:170-8. [PMID: 16109455 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2005.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2005] [Revised: 06/22/2005] [Accepted: 06/24/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
To determine whether yam-boxthorn noodle, a newly developed functional noodle, has immunomodulatory effects in vivo, we measured the changes in visceral organ weight, immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgE, IgG, IgM serum level and IgA level in the intestinal lavage fluid of female BALB/c mice after continuously consuming the test diet for 5 weeks. We found that body weights and absolute and relative organ weights (lung, heart, liver, spleen and kidney) in female BALB/c mice did not significantly change compared with those from the control group. The IgA and IgG serum levels in the experimental group significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner when the yam-boxthorn noodle concentration in the AIN 76 diet rose from 3% to 30%. However, the IgE and IgM level in the serum and the IgA level in the intestinal lavage fluid did not significantly change. These experiments demonstrate that the functional noodle, yam-boxthorn noodle, exhibits immunomodulatory effects in vivo with increasing serum antibody levels, especially in IgA and IgG. These results are valuable for future nutraceutical and immuno-pharmacological use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yuarn Lin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuokuang Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, ROC.
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