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Amroodi MN, Maghsoudloo M, Amiri S, Mokhtari K, Mohseni P, Pourmarjani A, Jamali B, Khosroshahi EM, Asadi S, Tabrizian P, Entezari M, Hashemi M, Wan R. Unraveling the molecular and immunological landscape: Exploring signaling pathways in osteoporosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:116954. [PMID: 38906027 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, characterized by compromised bone density and microarchitecture, represents a significant global health challenge, particularly in aging populations. This comprehensive review delves into the intricate signaling pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis, providing valuable insights into the pivotal role of signal transduction in maintaining bone homeostasis. The exploration encompasses cellular signaling pathways such as Wnt, Notch, JAK/STAT, NF-κB, and TGF-β, all of which play crucial roles in bone remodeling. The dysregulation of these pathways is a contributing factor to osteoporosis, necessitating a profound understanding of their complexities to unveil the molecular mechanisms underlying bone loss. The review highlights the pathological significance of disrupted signaling in osteoporosis, emphasizing how these deviations impact the functionality of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, ultimately resulting in heightened bone resorption and compromised bone formation. A nuanced analysis of the intricate crosstalk between these pathways is provided to underscore their relevance in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis. Furthermore, the study addresses some of the most crucial long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated with osteoporosis, adding an additional layer of academic depth to the exploration of immune system involvement in various types of osteoporosis. Finally, we propose that SKP1 can serve as a potential biomarker in osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Nakhaei Amroodi
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, department of orthopedic, school of medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mazaher Maghsoudloo
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, the Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Shayan Amiri
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, department of orthopedic, school of medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khatere Mokhtari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parnaz Mohseni
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Pourmarjani
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Behdokht Jamali
- Department of microbiology and genetics, kherad Institute of higher education, Busheher, lran
| | - Elaheh Mohandesi Khosroshahi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Asadi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pouria Tabrizian
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, department of orthopedic, school of medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Runlan Wan
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases), Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
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Han BK, Yoon H, Kim KH, Shin EC, Ko KS, Lee HS, Kim YJ. Inhibitory Effects of Wheat Sprouts Extract on RANKL-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation via Suppressing MAPK and NFATc1 Signaling Pathways. J Med Food 2023; 26:480-488. [PMID: 37463401 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2022.k.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of bone is dependent on both osteoclasts, which break down bone, and osteoblasts, which build new bone. Various bone-related disorders, including osteoporosis, can occur as a result of an imbalance between these two cell types. Prolonged use of currently available bone resorption inhibitors may show side effects. Therefore, developing a novel preventive material which effectively inhibits osteoclast differentiation could be beneficial. This study planned to investigate the inhibitory effect of wheat sprout ethanolic extracts (Saegeumgang [SGG] and Arriheuk [ARH]) on the differentiation of osteoclasts induced by RANKL, as well as the mechanisms why fundamental to these effects. The effects of SGG and ARH on bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation were evaluated using RAW 264.7 cells and assessed through TRAP cell count, pit formation, and activity. The expressions of mRNA and protein were accomplished using western blotting, and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses were conducted. SGG and ARH were found to suppress osteoclast differentiation in RANKL-stimulated RAW264.7 cells without causing cytotoxic effects. In addition, treatment with SGG and ARH led to a reduction in the number of cells with positive staining for TRAP and TRAP activity. SGG and ARH treatment dose-dependently decreased the pit area in pit formation assays, showing a notable reduction compared to the pit area created by mature osteoclasts. SGG and ARH inhibited osteoclast activity by 84.9% and 95.7% at 200 μg/mL, respectively. In addition, SGG and ARH suppressed the transcriptional activation of various osteoclast-related genes, such as RANK, NFATc1, cathepsin K, c-Fos, TRAP, matrix metallopeptidase-9, dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein, ATPase H+ transporting v0 subunit d2, and osteoclast-associated receptor in RAW264.7 cells treated with RANKL. SGG and ARH extracts were found to affect the expression of NFATc1 and genes that are specific to osteoclasts during osteoclast differentiation, suggesting their potential use as functional foods or as therapeutic interventions targeting bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bok Kyung Han
- Department of Food and Biotechnology and Korea University, Sejong, Korea
| | - Hyeock Yoon
- Department of Food and Regulatory Science, Korea University, Sejong, Korea
| | - Kyeong Hoon Kim
- National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Korea
| | - Eui-Cheol Shin
- Department of GreenBio Science/Food Science and Technology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Kwang Suk Ko
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management & Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee-Seok Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
| | - Young Jun Kim
- Department of Food and Biotechnology and Korea University, Sejong, Korea
- Department of Food and Regulatory Science, Korea University, Sejong, Korea
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Bai S, Zhou J, Nong X, Shi R, Yuan Z, Ma C, Li J. Mechanism and effects of artesunate on the liver function of rats with type 1 diabetic periodontitis. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2022; 100:741-754. [PMID: 35500287 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the gums. Periodontitis in patients with diabetes can aggravate insulin resistance, but its molecular and biological mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the effects of diabetic periodontitis on liver function and determine the mechanism by which artesunate improves liver function. Rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes were divided into five groups, i.e., normal control group (NC group), diabetic periodontitis group (DM+PD group), artesunate intervention group (ART group), insulin intervention group (INS group), and combined medication intervention group (ART+INS group). Drug interventions were then administered to the rats in each group as follows: 50 mg/kg artesunate to the ART group, 6 U/kg insulin to the INS group, and 50 mg/kg artesunate + 6 U/kg insulin to the ART+INS group. Blood samples, liver tissues, and the maxillary alveolar bone were collected post-sacrifice. ART was found to significantly ameliorate hyperglycemia, blood lipid levels, and liver function. The levels of inflammatory factors reduced; the effect was more pronounced in the ART+INS group. Artesunate presumably inhibits the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and expression of downstream inflammatory factors, thereby exerting a protective effect on diabetes-related liver function. This offers a fresh approach to treat diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuoqiu Bai
- Guangxi Medical University, 74626, Nanning, Guangxi, China;
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- Guangxi Medical University, 74626, Nanning, Guangxi, China;
| | - Xiaolin Nong
- Guangxi Medical University, 74626, Nanning, China;
| | - Rongkang Shi
- Guangxi Medical University, 74626, Nanning, Guangxi, China;
| | - Zhong Yuan
- Guangxi Medical University, 74626, Nanning, Guangxi, China;
| | - Chubin Ma
- Guangxi Medical University, 74626, Nanning, Guangxi, China;
| | - Jiaquan Li
- Guangxi Medical University, 74626, Nanning, Guangxi, China;
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Shen G, Liu X, Lei W, Duan R, Yao Z. Plumbagin is a NF-κB-inducing kinase inhibitor with dual anabolic and antiresorptive effects that prevents menopausal-related osteoporosis in mice. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101767. [PMID: 35235833 PMCID: PMC8958545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is caused by enhanced bone resorption and relatively reduced bone formation. There is an unmet need to develop new agents with both antiresorptive and anabolic effects to treat osteoporosis, although drugs with either effect alone are available. A small molecular compound, plumbagin, was reported to inhibit receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand-induced osteoclast (OC) differentiation by inhibiting IκBα phosphorylation-mediated canonical NF-κB activation. However, the key transcriptional factor RelA/p65 in canonical NF-κB pathway functions to promote OC precursor survival but not terminal OC differentiation. Here, we found that plumbagin inhibited the activity of NF-κB inducing kinase, the key molecule that controls noncanonical NF-κB signaling, in an ATP/ADP-based kinase assay. Consistent with this, plumbagin inhibited processing of NF-κB2 p100 to p52 in the progenitor cells of both OCs and osteoblasts (OBs). Interestingly, plumbagin not only inhibited OC but also stimulated OB differentiation in vitro. Importantly, plumbagin prevented trabecular bone loss in ovariectomized mice. This was associated with decreased OC surfaces on trabecular surface and increased parameters of OBs, including OB surface on trabecular surface, bone formation rate, and level of serum osteocalcin, compared to vehicle-treated mice. In summary, we conclude that plumbagin is a NF-κB-inducing kinase inhibitor with dual anabolic and antiresorptive effects on bone and could represent a new class of agent for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengyang Shen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Wei Lei
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Rong Duan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Zhenqiang Yao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.
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Davis JL, Pokhrel NK, Cox L, Rohatgi N, Faccio R, Veis DJ. Conditional loss of IKKα in Osterix + cells has no effect on bone but leads to age-related loss of peripheral fat. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4915. [PMID: 35318397 PMCID: PMC8940989 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08914-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
NF-κB has been reported to both promote and inhibit bone formation. To explore its role in osteolineage cells, we conditionally deleted IKKα, an upstream kinase required for non-canonical NF-κB activation, using Osterix (Osx)-Cre. Surprisingly, we found no effect on either cancellous or cortical bone, even following mechanical loading. However, we noted that IKKα conditional knockout (cKO) mice began to lose body weight after 6 months of age with severe reductions in fat mass and lower adipocyte size in geriatric animals. qPCR analysis of adipogenic markers in fat pads of cKO mice indicated no difference in early differentiation, but instead markedly lower leptin with age. We challenged young mice with a high fat diet finding that cKO mice gained less weight and showed improved glucose metabolism. Low levels of recombination at the IKKα locus were detected in fat pads isolated from old cKO mice. To determine whether recombination occurs in adipocytes, we examined fat pads in Osx-Cre;TdT reporter mice; these showed increasing Osx-Cre-mediated expression in peripheral adipocytes from 6 weeks to 18 months. Since Osx-Cre drives recombination in peripheral adipocytes with age, we conclude that fat loss in cKO mice is most likely caused by progressive deficits of IKKα in adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Davis
- Musculoskeletal Research Center, Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Nitin Kumar Pokhrel
- Musculoskeletal Research Center, Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Linda Cox
- Musculoskeletal Research Center, Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Nidhi Rohatgi
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Roberta Faccio
- Musculoskeletal Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Deborah J Veis
- Musculoskeletal Research Center, Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. .,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. .,Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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Yu S, Li P, Li B, Miao D, Deng Q. RelA promotes proliferation but inhibits osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:1368-1378. [PMID: 31981416 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
NF-κB is known to be implicated in skeletal development and related diseases. Previous studies have shown that RelA, a key subunit of NF-κB, is involved in osteoblast and chondrocyte survival and differentiation. Yet, the physiological roles of RelA in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which give rise to both chondrocytes and osteoblasts, are still poorly understood. Here, we generated Prrx1-Cre;RelAf/f mice to delete RelA in Prrx1+ bone marrow MSCs and found that RelA deletion led to decreased MSC proliferation and altered differentiation, with increased osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation but decreased adipogenic differentiation. Bone size and mass were not significantly changed in the mutant mice, although they developed moderate osteoarthritis-like phenotypes. Thus, our studies reveal important but discordant functions of RelA in MSC proliferation and differentiation, and provide an explanation why MSC-specific RelA knockout mice only develop minor skeletal phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxiang Yu
- The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Ping Li
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Baojie Li
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Dengshun Miao
- The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Qi Deng
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
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Jimi E, Takakura N, Hiura F, Nakamura I, Hirata-Tsuchiya S. The Role of NF-κB in Physiological Bone Development and Inflammatory Bone Diseases: Is NF-κB Inhibition "Killing Two Birds with One Stone"? Cells 2019; 8:cells8121636. [PMID: 31847314 PMCID: PMC6952937 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of various genes involved in inflammation and the immune response. The activation of NF-κB occurs via two pathways: inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1β, activate the "classical pathway", and cytokines involved in lymph node formation, such as CD40L, activate the "alternative pathway". NF-κB1 (p50) and NF-κB2 (p52) double-knockout mice exhibited severe osteopetrosis due to the total lack of osteoclasts, suggesting that NF-κB activation is required for osteoclast differentiation. These results indicate that NF-κB may be a therapeutic target for inflammatory bone diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and periodontal disease. On the other hand, mice that express the dominant negative form of IκB kinase (IKK)-β specifically in osteoblasts exhibited increased bone mass, but there was no change in osteoclast numbers. Therefore, inhibition of NF-κB is thought to promote bone formation. Taken together, the inhibition of NF-κB leads to "killing two birds with one stone": it suppresses bone resorption and promotes bone formation. This review describes the role of NF-κB in physiological bone metabolism, pathologic bone destruction, and bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eijiro Jimi
- Oral Health/Brain Health/Total Health Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (N.T.); (F.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: 81-92-642-6332
| | - Nana Takakura
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (N.T.); (F.H.)
| | - Fumitaka Hiura
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (N.T.); (F.H.)
| | - Ichiro Nakamura
- Faculty of Health and Medical Science, Teikyo Heisei University, 2-51-4 Higashi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 170-8445, Japan;
| | - Shizu Hirata-Tsuchiya
- Department of Biological Endodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan;
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Ma Y, Wang L, Zheng S, Xu J, Pan Y, Tu P, Sun J, Guo Y. Osthole inhibits osteoclasts formation and bone resorption by regulating NF-κB signaling and NFATc1 activations stimulated by RANKL. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:16052-16061. [PMID: 31081953 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Chinese herbal medicine Fructus Cnidii has an outstanding effect on chronic lumbar pain and impotence, also has been used against osteoporosis with high frequency. Yet, the mechanisms of osthole, a derivative of Fructus Cnidii, on osteoclasts remains barely known. In this study, it was found out that osthole (10-6 mol/L, 10-5 mol/L) had the influence of inhibiting osteoclast formation and bone resorptive activities induced by receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), rather than affecting the viability of osteoclast-like cells. Furthermore, osthole could also inhibit the messenger RNA expressions of c-Src, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, β3-Integrin, matrix metallopeptidase 9, and cathepsin K. The results of the mechanistic study indicated that osthole regulated the nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activations following the RANKL stimulation. These findings suggested that the inhibitory effects of osthole were associated with restraining the activations of NFATc1 and NF-κB induced by RANKL. Thus osthole can be used as a potential treatment for abnormal bone-resorption related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ma
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration & Reconstruction, Institute of Traumatology & Orthopedics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lining Wang
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration & Reconstruction, Institute of Traumatology & Orthopedics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Suyang Zheng
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration & Reconstruction, Institute of Traumatology & Orthopedics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Yalan Pan
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration & Reconstruction, Institute of Traumatology & Orthopedics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengcheng Tu
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration & Reconstruction, Institute of Traumatology & Orthopedics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration & Reconstruction, Institute of Traumatology & Orthopedics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Guo
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration & Reconstruction, Institute of Traumatology & Orthopedics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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9
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Identification of an IKBKE inhibitor with antitumor activity in cancer cells overexpressing IKBKE. Cytokine 2019; 116:78-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Watanabe M, Kawasaki M, Kawasaki K, Kitamura A, Nagai T, Kodama Y, Meguro F, Yamada A, Sharpe PT, Maeda T, Takagi R, Ohazama A. Ift88 limits bone formation in maxillary process through suppressing apoptosis. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 101:43-50. [PMID: 30878609 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The development of the maxillary bone is under strict molecular control because of its complicated structure. Primary cilia play a critical role in craniofacial development, since defects in primary cilia are known to cause congenital craniofacial dysmorphologies as a wide spectrum of human diseases: the ciliopathies. The primary cilia also are known to regulate bone formation. However, the role of the primary cilia in maxillary bone development is not fully understood. DESIGN To address this question, we generated mice with a mesenchymal conditional deletion ofIft88 using the Wnt1Cre mice (Ift88fl/fl;Wnt1Cre). The gene Ift88 encodes a protein that is required for the function and formation of primary cilia. RESULTS It has been shown thatIft88fl/fl;Wnt1Cre mice exhibit cleft palate. Here, we additionally observed excess bone formation in the Ift88 mutant maxillary process. We also found ectopic apoptosis in the Ift88 mutant maxillary process at an early stage of development. To investigate whether the ectopic apoptosis is related to the Ift88 mouse maxillary phenotypes, we generated Ift88fl/fl;Wnt1Cre;p53-/- mutants to reduce apoptosis. The Ift88fl/fl;Wnt1Cre;p53-/- mice showed no excess bone formation, suggesting that the cells evading apoptosis by the presence of Ift88 in wild-type mice limit bone formation in maxillary development. On the other hand, the palatal cleft was retained in the Ift88fl/fl;Wnt1Cre;p53-/- mice, indicating that the excess bone formation or abnormal apoptosis was independent of the cleft palate phenotype in Ift88 mutant mice. CONCLUSIONS Ift88 limits bone formation in the maxillary process by suppressing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momoko Watanabe
- Division of Oral Anatomy, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan; Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Health Science, Course for Oral science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Maiko Kawasaki
- Division of Oral Anatomy, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan; Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, Dental Institute, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London Bridge, London, UK
| | - Katsushige Kawasaki
- Division of Oral Anatomy, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan; Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, Dental Institute, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London Bridge, London, UK; Research Center for Advanced Oral Science, Department of Oral Life Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kitamura
- Division of Oral Anatomy, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan; Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Health Science, Course for Oral science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nagai
- Division of Oral Anatomy, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan; Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Health Science, Course for Oral science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yasumitsu Kodama
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Health Science, Course for Oral science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Fumiya Meguro
- Division of Oral Anatomy, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akane Yamada
- Division of Oral Anatomy, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan; Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Health Science, Course for Oral science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Paul T Sharpe
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, Dental Institute, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London Bridge, London, UK
| | - Takeyasu Maeda
- Division of Oral Anatomy, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan; Research Center for Advanced Oral Science, Department of Oral Life Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan; Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ritsuo Takagi
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Health Science, Course for Oral science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ohazama
- Division of Oral Anatomy, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan; Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, Dental Institute, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London Bridge, London, UK.
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11
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Jia Y, Jiang J, Lu X, Zhang T, Zhao K, Han W, Yang W, Qian Y. Garcinol suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and its underlying mechanism. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:7498-7509. [PMID: 30471112 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Osteoclasts (OCs) are multinuclear giant cells responsible for bone resorption, and an excessive bone resorption by OCs plays an important role in osteoporosis. Commonly used drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis have severe side effects. As such, identification of alternative treatments is essential. Garcinol, a polyisoprenylated benzophenone extracted from the fruit of Garcinia indica, has shown a strong antitumor effect through the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-associated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathways. However, the role of garcinol in the osteoclastogenesis is still unclear. Here, we demonstrated that garcinol can inhibit the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis, osteoclastogenesis-related gene expression, the f-actin ring, and resorption pit formation. In addition, garcinol abrogated RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by attenuating the degradation of the MAPK, NF-κB, and PI3K-AKT signaling pathway as well as downstream factors c-jun, c-fos, and NFATC1. In vivo, suppression of osteoclastogenesis by garcinol was evidenced by marked inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced bone resorption. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that garcinol inhibited the RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by suppressing the MAPK, NF-κB, and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways and thus has potential as a novel therapeutic option for osteolytic bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yewei Jia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiawei Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuanyuan Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tan Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kangxian Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiqi Han
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wanlei Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Qian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
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12
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Marino S, Bishop RT, Mollat P, Idris AI. Pharmacological Inhibition of the Skeletal IKKβ Reduces Breast Cancer-Induced Osteolysis. Calcif Tissue Int 2018; 103:206-216. [PMID: 29455416 PMCID: PMC6061461 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-018-0406-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
IKKβ has previously been implicated in breast cancer bone metastasis and bone remodelling. However, the contribution of IKKβ expressed by bone cells of the tumour microenvironment to breast cancer-induced osteolysis has yet to be investigated. Here, we studied the effects of the verified selective IKKβ inhibitors IKKβIII or IKKβV on osteoclast formation and osteoblast differentiation in vitro and in vivo, human and mouse breast cancer cells' support for osteoclast formation and signalling in vitro and osteolysis ex vivo and in immunocompetent mice after supracalvarial injection of human MDA-MB-231 conditioned medium or intra-cardiac injection of syngeneic 4T1 breast cancer cells. Pre-treatment with IKKβIII or IKKβV prior to exposure to tumour-derived factors from human and mouse breast cancer cell lines protected against breast cancer-induced osteolysis in two independent immunocompetent mouse models of osteolysis and the ex vivo calvarial bone organ system. Detailed functional and mechanistic studies showed that direct inhibition of IKKβ kinase activity in osteoblasts and osteoclasts was associated with significant reduction of osteoclast formation, enhanced osteoclast apoptosis and reduced the ability of osteoblasts to support osteoclastogenesis in vitro. When combined with previous findings that suggest NFκB inhibition reduces breast cancer tumorigenesis and metastasis our present findings have an important clinical implication on raising the possibility that IKKβ inhibitors, as bone anabolics, osteoclast inhibitors as well as anti-metastatic agents, may have advantages over anti-osteoclasts agents in the treatment of both skeletal and non-skeletal complications associated with metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Marino
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
- Bone and Cancer Group, Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Ryan T Bishop
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
| | - Patrick Mollat
- Galapagos SASU, 102 Avenue Gaston Roussel, 93230, Romainville, France
| | - Aymen I Idris
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK.
- Bone and Cancer Group, Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK.
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13
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Gypenoside inhibits RANKL‐induced osteoclastogenesis by regulating NF‐κB, AKT, and MAPK signaling pathways. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:7310-7318. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Shi L, Zhao S, Chen Q, Wu Y, Zhang J, Li N. Crocin inhibits RANKL‑induced osteoclastogenesis by regulating JNK and NF‑κB signaling pathways. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:7947-7951. [PMID: 29620194 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor activator of nuclear factor‑κB ligand (RANKL), a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor-ligand family, is a crucial factor involved in osteoclast differentiation. Crocin, a pharmacologically active component of Crocus sativus L., has been reported to attenuate ovariectomy‑induced osteoporosis in rats. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the effect of crocin on osteoclast formation remains to be determined. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of crocin on RANKL‑induced osteoclastogenesis and its underlying molecular mechanism. Results demonstrated that crocin decreased osteoclastogenesis in bone marrow‑derived macrophages (BMMs). In addition, the expression levels of osteoclast marker proteins were downregulated by crocin. Mechanistically, crocin inhibited RANKL‑induced activation of nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB) by suppressing inhibitor of κBα degradation and preventing NF‑κB p65 subunit nuclear translocation, and by activating c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase (JNK) in BMMs. In summary, the results of the present study suggested that crocin downregulates osteoclast differentiation via inhibition of JNK and NF‑κB signaling pathways. Thus, crocin may be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of osteoclast‑associated diseases, including osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Shi
- Department II of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Suping Zhao
- Department II of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department II of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Youwei Wu
- Department II of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department II of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Na Li
- Department II of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
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15
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Chen F, Xie L, Kang R, Deng R, Xi Z, Sun D, Zhu J, Wang L. Gentiopicroside inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by regulating NF-κB and JNK signaling pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 100:142-146. [PMID: 29428661 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gentiopicroside, a main active component from the traditional Chinese herb medicine Gentiana manshurica Kitag, has been shown to possess anti-arthritis effect. However, the molecular mechanism of gentiopicroside on the osteoclast formation remains unclear. The present study was designed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of gentiopicroside on receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis. The results showed that pre-treatment with gentiopicroside significantly inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast formation from mouse bone marrow macrophages (BMMs). In addition, we observed that gentiopicroside efficiently suppressed osteoclastogenesis-related marker genes expression in RANKL-stimulated BMMs. Mechanistically, gentiopicroside suppressed RANKL-induced the activation of JNK and NF-κB signaling pathways in BMMs. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that gentiopicroside inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis through the inactivation of JNK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Thus, gentiopicroside may be a promising agent for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangqing Chen
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Ran Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Rongrong Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Zhipeng Xi
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Daoxi Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- School of Basic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Liming Wang
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China.
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16
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Marino S, Bishop RT, Logan JG, Mollat P, Idris AI. Pharmacological evidence for the bone-autonomous contribution of the NFκB/β-catenin axis to breast cancer related osteolysis. Cancer Lett 2017; 410:180-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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17
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Jiménez-Ortega RF, Ramírez-Salazar EG, Parra-Torres AY, Muñoz-Montero SA, Rangel-Escareňo C, Salido-Guadarrama I, Rodriguez-Dorantes M, Quiterio M, Salmerón J, Velázquez-Cruz R. Identification of microRNAs in human circulating monocytes of postmenopausal osteoporotic Mexican-Mestizo women: A pilot study. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:5464-5472. [PMID: 29285077 PMCID: PMC5740757 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are a class of short non-coding RNAs that serve an important regulatory role in living organisms. These molecules are associated with multiple biological processes and are potential biomarkers in multiple diseases. The present study aimed to further identify miRNAs that are differentially expressed in circulating monocytes (CMCs) from postmenopausal Mexican-Mestizo women. Microarray analyses of monocytes using Affymetrix miRNA 4.0 and Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 arrays were performed in 6 normal and 6 osteoporotic women, followed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) validation. The overexpression of miR-1270, miR-548×-3p and miR-8084 were detected in the osteoporosis compared with the normal group according to the microarray analysis; miR-1270, a miRNA with several target genes associated with bone remodeling, was validated by RT-qPCR. Bioinformatics analysis identified that interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) is the most likely target gene of miR-1270, which is associated with osteoclastogenesis. Furthermore, the findings of the present study demonstrate that an upregulation of miR-1270 may reduce the gene expression of IRF8 in CMCs (osteoclast precursors), implicating its potential role in leading to low bone mineral density and contributing to osteoporosis development in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogelio F Jiménez-Ortega
- Genetics of Bone Metabolism Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), 14610 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eric G Ramírez-Salazar
- Genetics of Bone Metabolism Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), 14610 Mexico City, Mexico.,CONACYT, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), 14610 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alma Y Parra-Torres
- Genetics of Bone Metabolism Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), 14610 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Said A Muñoz-Montero
- Computational Genomics Consortium, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), 14610 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Claudia Rangel-Escareňo
- Computational Genomics Consortium, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), 14610 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ivan Salido-Guadarrama
- Oncogenomics Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), 14610 Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Manuel Quiterio
- Center of Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health (INSP), 62100 Cuernavaca-Morelos, Mexico
| | - Jorge Salmerón
- Center of Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health (INSP), 62100 Cuernavaca-Morelos, Mexico.,Epidemiologic Research and Health Services Unit, Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS), 62000 Cuernavaca-Morelos, Mexico
| | - Rafael Velázquez-Cruz
- Genetics of Bone Metabolism Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), 14610 Mexico City, Mexico
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18
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Barley Seedling Extracts Inhibit RANKL-Induced Differentiation, Fusion, and Maturation of Osteoclasts in the Early-to-Late Stages of Osteoclastogenesis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:6072573. [PMID: 28567098 PMCID: PMC5439073 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6072573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The number of patients with osteoporosis is increasing worldwide, and a decrease in bone mass is a main risk factor for fracture. The prevention of bone loss is critical for improving the quality of life for patients. However, the long-term use of antiosteoporotic agents is limited due to their side effects. Barley has been traditionally ingested for thousands of years as a safe, natural food with pharmaceutical properties, and its seedling can enhance the biological activity of the medicinal components found in food. This study aimed to clarify the antiresorptive activity of barley seedling and its mode of action. Barley seedling extracts (BSE) dose-dependently inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation with alteration of IκB degradation, c-Fos, and NFATc1 molecules in the early-to-middle stages of osteoclastogenesis. In the late phase of osteoclastogenesis, BSE also prevented DC-STAMP and cathepsin K, which are required for cell fusion and bone degradation, such as osteoclast function. In conclusion, barley seedling from natural foods may provide long-term safety and be useful for the prevention or treatment of osteoclast-mediated bone metabolic diseases, including osteoporosis.
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19
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Tyagi AK, Prasad S, Majeed M, Aggarwal BB. Calebin A downregulates osteoclastogenesis through suppression of RANKL signalling. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 593:80-9. [PMID: 26874195 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a bone disease that is exacerbated by aging and age-associated chronic diseases such as cancer. Cancer-induced bone loss is usually treated with bisphosphonates or denosumab, an antibody against receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-κB ligand (RANKL). Because these drugs are expensive and have numerous side effects and high rates of toxicity, safer, more effective, and more affordable therapies for osteoporosis are still needed. We identified a compound, calebin A (CA), derived from turmeric (Curcuma longa) that affects osteoclastogenesis through modulation of the RANKL signalling pathway. The CA's effect on NF-κB activation was examined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Using mouse macrophages in vitro model, we found that CA suppressed RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation of macrophages into osteoclasts, and downregulate RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis-related marker gene expression, including NFATc-1, TRAP, CTR, and cathepsin K. CA also suppressed the osteoclastogenesis induced by multiple myeloma and breast cancer cells. This effect of CA was correlated with suppression of the phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor of κB and, thus, inhibition of NF-κB activation. Furthermore, we found that an NF-κB-specific inhibitory peptide blocked RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis, demonstrating that the NF-κB signalling pathway is mandatory for RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Our results conclusively indicate that CA downmodulates the osteoclastogenesis induced by RANKL and by tumour cells through suppression of NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit K Tyagi
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sahdeo Prasad
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | | | - Bharat B Aggarwal
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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20
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Yang S, Li X, Cheng L, Wu H, Zhang C, Li K. Tenuigenin inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by down-regulating NF-κB activation and suppresses bone loss in vivo. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 466:615-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.09.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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21
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NLRP12 provides a critical checkpoint for osteoclast differentiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:10455-60. [PMID: 26240332 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1500196112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The alternative or noncanonical nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway regulates the osteoclast (OC) response to receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) and thus bone metabolism. Although several lines of evidence support the emerging concept that nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing receptor 12 (NLRP12) impedes alternative NF-κB activation in innate immune cells, a functional role for NLRP12 outside an inflammatory disease model has yet to be reported. Our study demonstrates that NLRP12 has a protective role in bone via suppression of alternative NF-κB-induced osteoclastogenesis and is down-modulated in response to osteoclastogenic stimuli. Here, we show that retroviral overexpression of NLRP12 suppressed RelB nuclear translocation and OC formation. Conversely, genetic ablation of NLRP12 promoted NIK stabilization, RelB nuclear translocation, and increased osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Using radiation chimeras, we demonstrated these in vitro observations dovetail with our in vivo findings that NLRP12 deficiency leads to enhanced OC numbers accompanied by a significant decline in bone mass under physiological conditions. Consistent with the basal bone phenotype, we also observed an enhanced osteolytic response following RANKL injection over the calvaria of NLRP12-deficient chimeric mice compared with wild-type control mice. Thus, modulation of NLRP12 levels controls alternative NF-κB signaling in OC precursors, altering bone homeostasis and osteolytic responses.
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22
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Abstract
Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells formed mainly on bone surfaces in response to cytokines by fusion of bone marrow-derived myeloid lineage precursors that circulate in the blood. Major advances in understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating osteoclast formation and functions have been made in the past 20 years since the discovery that their formation requires nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling and that this is activated in response to the essential osteoclastogenic cytokine, receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), which also controls osteoclast activation to resorb (degrade) bone. These studies have revealed that RANKL and some pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor, activate NF-κB and downstream signaling, including c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1), and inhibition of repressors of NFATc1 signaling, to positively regulate osteoclast formation and functions. However, these cytokines also activate NF-κB signaling that can limit osteoclast formation through the NF-κB signaling proteins, TRAF3 and p100, and the suppressors of c-Fos/NFATc1 signaling, IRF8, and RBP-J. This paper reviews current understanding of how NF-κB signaling is involved in the positive and negative regulation of cytokine-mediated osteoclast formation and activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan F Boyce
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Yan Xiu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jinbo Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Lianping Xing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Zhenqiang Yao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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23
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Zhou C, Liu W, He W, Wang H, Chen Q, Song H. Saikosaponin a inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by suppressing NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 25:49-54. [PMID: 25617149 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory cytokines play an important role in osteoclastogenesis. Saikosaponin a (SSa) possesses anti-inflammatory activity. However, the role of SSa in osteoporosis is still unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of SSa on receptor activator of the nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis and signaling pathway by in vitro assay. In mouse bone marrow monocytes (BMMs), SSa suppressed RANKL plus macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)-induced osteoclast differentiation in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, SSa decreased osteoclastogenesis-related marker proteins expression, including NFATc1, c-fos and cathepsin K. At molecular levels, SSa inhibited RANKL-induced IκBα phosphorylation, p65 phosphorylation and NF-κB luciferase activity in RAW264.7 cells. And SSa also suppressed RANKL-induced p-38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation. Taken together, these findings suggest that SSa suppresses osteoclastogenesis through inhibiting RANKL-induced p-38, ERK, JNK and NF-κB activation. SSa is a novel agent in the treatment of osteoclast-related diseases, such as osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Wengang Liu
- The 2nd Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.
| | - Qunqun Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Houpan Song
- Institute of TCM Diagnostic, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China.
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24
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Osteopetrosis in TAK1-deficient mice owing to defective NF-κB and NOTCH signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 112:154-9. [PMID: 25535389 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1415213112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The MAP kinase TGFβ-activated kinase (TAK1) plays a crucial role in physiologic and pathologic cellular functions including cell survival, differentiation, apoptosis, inflammation, and oncogenesis. However, the entire repertoire of its mechanism of action has not been elucidated. Here, we found that ablation of Tak1 in myeloid cells causes osteopetrosis in mice as a result of defective osteoclastogenesis. Mechanistically, Tak1 deficiency correlated with increased NUMB-like (NUMBL) levels. Accordingly, forced expression of Numbl abrogated osteoclastogenesis whereas its deletion partially restored osteoclastogenesis and reversed the phenotype of Tak1 deficiency. Tak1 deletion also down-regulated Notch intracellular domain (NICD), but increased the levels of the transcription factor recombinant recognition sequence binding protein at Jκ site (RBPJ), consistent with NUMBL regulating notch signaling through degradation of NICD, a modulator of RBPJ. Accordingly, deletion of Rbpj partially corrected osteopetrosis in Tak1-deficient mice. Furthermore, expression of active IKK2 in RBPJ/TAK1-deficient cells significantly restored osteoclastogenesis, indicating that activation of NF-κB is essential for complete rescue of the pathway. Thus, we propose that TAK1 regulates osteoclastogenesis by integrating activation of NF-κB and derepression of NOTCH/RBPJ in myeloid cells through inhibition of NUMBL.
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25
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Liu Q, Wu H, Chim SM, Zhou L, Zhao J, Feng H, Wei Q, Wang Q, Zheng MH, Tan RX, Gu Q, Xu J, Pavlos N, Tickner J, Xu J. SC-514, a selective inhibitor of IKKβ attenuates RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and NF-κB activation. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 86:1775-83. [PMID: 24091016 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The RANKL-induced NF-κB signaling pathway is essential for osteoclastogenesis. This study aims to identify specific inhibitors targeting NF-κB signaling pathway, which might serve as useful small molecule inhibitors for the treatment and alleviation of osteoclast-mediated bone lytic diseases. By screening for compounds that selectively inhibit RANKL-induced NF-κB activation in RAW264.7 cells as monitored by luciferase reporter gene assay, we identified SC-514, a specific inhibitor of IKKβ, as a candidate compound targeting osteoclastogenesis. SC-514 dose-dependently inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis with an IC50 of <5μM. At high concentrations, SC-514 (≥12.5μM) induced apoptosis and caspase 3 activation in RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, SC-514 specifically suppressed NF-κB activity owing to delayed RANKL-induced degradation of IκBα and inhibition of p65 nuclear translocation. Taken together, our results indicate that SC-514 impairs RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and NF-κB activation. Thus, targeting IKKβ by SC-514 presents as a potential treatment for osteoclast-related disorders such as osteoporosis and cancer-induced bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi 530021, China; School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia; Centre for Orthopaedic Research, School of Surgery, The University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia
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26
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Abstract
The transcription factor NF-κB is a family of proteins involved in signaling pathways essential for normal cellular functions and development. Deletion of various components of this pathway resulted with abnormal skeletal development. Research in the last decade has established that NF-κB signaling mediates RANK ligand-induced osteoclastogenesis. Consistently, it was shown that inhibition of NF-κB was an effective approach to inhibit osteoclast formation and bone resorptive activity. Identification of the molecular machinery underlying NF-κB activation permitted osteoclast-specific deletion of the major components of this pathway. As a result, it was clear that deletion of members of the proximal IKK kinase complex and the distal NF-κB subunits and downstream regulators affected skeletal development. These studies provided several targets of therapeutic intervention in osteolytic diseases. NF-κB activity has been also described as the centerpiece of inflammatory responses and is considered a potent mediator of inflammatory osteolysis. Indeed, inflammatory insults exacerbate physiologic RANKL-induced NF-κB signals leading to exaggerated responses and to inflammatory osteolysis. These superimposed NF-κB activities appear to underlie several bone pathologies. This review will describe the individual roles of NF-κB molecules in bone resorption and inflammatory osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Abu-Amer
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660S. Euclid Avenue, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Sung B, Prasad S, Yadav VR, Gupta SC, Reuter S, Yamamoto N, Murakami A, Aggarwal BB. RANKL signaling and osteoclastogenesis is negatively regulated by cardamonin. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64118. [PMID: 23691159 PMCID: PMC3656934 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone loss/resorption or osteoporosis is a disease that is accelerated with aging and age-associated chronic diseases such as cancer. Bone loss has been linked with human multiple myeloma, breast cancer, and prostate cancer and is usually treated with bisphosphonates, and recently approved denosumab, an antibody against receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL). Because of the numerous side effects of the currently available drugs, the search continues for safe and effective therapies for bone loss. RANKL, a member of the TNF superfamily, has emerged as a major mediator of bone loss via activation of osteoclastogenesis. We have identified cardamonin, a chalcone isolated from Alpinia katsumadai Hayata that can affect osteoclastogenesis through modulation of RANKL. We found that treatment of monocytes with cardamonin suppressed RANKL-induced NF-κB activation and this suppression correlated with inhibition of IκBα kinase and of phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα, an inhibitor of NF-κB. Furthermore, cardamonin also downregulated RANKL-induced phosphorylation of MAPK including ERK and p38 MAPK. Cardamonin suppressed the RANKL-induced differentiation of monocytes to osteoclasts in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. We also found that an inhibitor of NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO) blocked RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis, indicating a direct link with NF-κB. Finally, osteoclastogenesis induced by human breast cancer cells or human multiple myeloma cells were completely suppressed by cardamonin. Collectively, our results indicate that cardamonin suppresses osteoclastogenesis induced by RANKL and tumor cells by suppressing activation of the NF-κB and MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokyung Sung
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sahdeo Prasad
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Vivek R. Yadav
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Subash C. Gupta
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Simone Reuter
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Norio Yamamoto
- Food Science Research Center, House Wellness Foods Corporation, Itami, Japan
| | - Akira Murakami
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Bharat B. Aggarwal
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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28
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Wang Y, Grainger DW. RNA therapeutics targeting osteoclast-mediated excessive bone resorption. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2012; 64:1341-57. [PMID: 21945356 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2011.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is a sequence-specific post-transcriptional gene silencing technique developed with dramatically increasing utility for both scientific and therapeutic purposes. Short interfering RNA (siRNA) is currently exploited to regulate protein expression relevant to many therapeutic applications, and commonly used as a tool for elucidating disease-associated genes. Osteoporosis and their associated osteoporotic fragility fractures in both men and women are rapidly becoming a global healthcare crisis as average life expectancy increases worldwide. New therapeutics are needed for this increasing patient population. This review describes the diversity of molecular targets suitable for RNAi-based gene knock down in osteoclasts to control osteoclast-mediated excessive bone resorption. We identify strategies for developing targeted siRNA delivery and efficient gene silencing, and describe opportunities and challenges of introducing siRNA as a therapeutic approach to hard and connective tissue disorders.
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Reuter S, Gupta SC, Phromnoi K, Aggarwal BB. Thiocolchicoside suppresses osteoclastogenesis induced by RANKL and cancer cells through inhibition of inflammatory pathways: a new use for an old drug. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 165:2127-39. [PMID: 21955206 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01702.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Most patients with cancer die not because of the tumour in the primary site, but because it has spread to other sites. Common tumours, such as breast, multiple myeloma, and prostate tumours, frequently metastasize to the bone. To search for an inhibitor of cancer-induced bone loss, we investigated the effect of thiocolchicoside, a semi-synthetic colchicoside derived from the plant Gloriosa superba and clinically used as a muscle relaxant, on osteoclastogenesis induced by receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and tumour cells. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We used RAW 264.7 (murine macrophage) cells, a well-established system for osteoclastogenesis, and evaluated the effect of thiocolchicoside on RANKL-induced NF-κB signalling and osteoclastogenesis as well as on osteoclastogenesis induced by tumour cells. KEY RESULTS Thiocolchicoside suppressed osteoclastogenesis induced by RANKL, and by breast cancer and multiple myeloma cells. Inhibition of the NF-κB pathway was responsible for this effect since the colchicoside inhibited RANKL-induced NF-κB activation, activation of IκB kinase (IKK) and suppressed inhibitor of NF-κBα (IκBα) phosphorylation and degradation, an inhibitor of NF-κB. Furthermore, an inhibitor of the IκBα kinase γ or NF-κB essential modulator, the regulatory component of the IKK complex, demonstrated that the NF-κB signalling pathway is mandatory for osteoclastogenesis induced by RANKL. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Together, these data suggest that thiocolchicoside significantly suppressed osteoclastogenesis induced by RANKL and tumour cells via the NF-κB signalling pathway. Thus, thiocolchicoside, a drug that has been used for almost half a century to treat muscle pain, may also be considered as a new treatment for bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Reuter
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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30
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Otero JE, Chen T, Zhang K, Abu-Amer Y. Constitutively active canonical NF-κB pathway induces severe bone loss in mice. PLoS One 2012; 7:e38694. [PMID: 22685599 PMCID: PMC3369901 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiologic osteoclastogenesis entails activation of multiple signal transduction pathways distal to the cell membrane receptor RANK. However, atypical osteoclastogenesis driven by pro-inflammatory stimuli has been described. We have reported recently a novel mechanism whereby endogenous mutational activation of the classical NF-κB pathway is sufficient to induce RANKL/RANK-independent osteoclastogenesis. Here we investigate the physiologic relevance of this phenomenon in vivo. Using a knock-in approach, the active form of IKK2, namely IKK2SSEE, was introduced into the myeloid lineage with the aid of CD11b-cre mice. Phenotypic assessment revealed that expression of IKK2SSEE in the myeloid compartment induced significant bone loss in vivo. This observation was supported by a dramatic increase in the number and size of osteoclasts in trabecular regions, elevated levels of circulating TRACP-5b, and reduced bone volume. Mechanistically, we observed that IKK2SSEE induced high expression of not only p65 but also p52 and RelB; the latter two molecules are considered exclusive members of the alternative NF-κB pathway. Intriguingly, RelB and P52 were both required to mediate the osteoclastogenic effect of IKK2SSEE and co-expression of these two proteins was sufficient to recapitulate osteoclastogenesis in the absence of RANKL or IKK2SSEE. Furthermore, we found that NF-κB2/p100 is a potent inhibitor of IKK2SSEE-induced osteoclastogenesis. Deletion of p52 enabled more robust osteoclast formation by the active kinase. In summary, molecular activation of IKK2 may play a role in conditions of pathologic bone destruction, which may be refractory to therapeutic interventions targeting the proximal RANKL/RANK signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse E. Otero
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Tim Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Kaihua Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Yousef Abu-Amer
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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31
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Abstract
Prostate cancer is known to have a tissue tropism for bone. This tissue tropism coupled with the experience with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) over the past decade has led to heightened awareness of bone complications. Osteopenia and subsequent skeletal-related events (SREs) are one of the more concerning repercussions of ADT along with cardiovascular sequelae. To combat this decrease in bone mineral density, several agents have been developed for bone protection. The largest experience is with bisphosphonates (BPs), but recently (2011) head to head trials have established the role of monoclonal antibodies, particularly in patients with prostate cancer bone metastasis. For patients initiating ADT, monthly denosumab increased bone mineral density, the time for occurrence of any bone metastasis and time for symptomatic bone metastasis. Denosumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody of the IgG(2) subtype that selectively binds and neutralizes receptor activator NF kappa B ligand (RANKL), inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and bone turnover. In vitro binding assays have shown high-affinity binding of denosumab and osteoprotegerin to both soluble and membrane-bound forms of human RANKL. As clinicians may be less familiar with this newer agent, we compiled this review to summarize denosumab's current clinical indications for bone stabilization and mechanism of reduction in tumor burden.
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32
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Bundred N. Antiresorptive therapies in oncology and their effects on cancer progression. Cancer Treat Rev 2012; 38:776-86. [PMID: 22370427 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2012.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Revised: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bone health is an emerging concern in the early breast cancer setting. Current adjuvant therapies, especially hormonal therapies in premenopausal patients (e.g. goserelin) and aromatase inhibitors in postmenopausal patients, have been associated with substantial decreases in bone mineral density that may place patients at risk for fractures. Bisphosphonates--and the recently approved anti-RANKL antibody, denosumab--have both demonstrated activity for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and cancer treatment-induced bone loss (CTIBL) in breast cancer patients, although neither has received widespread approval specifically for CTIBL. However, some bisphosphonates, especially the nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate zoledronic acid, have also demonstrated clinically meaningful anticancer effects in patients receiving adjuvant hormonal therapy for breast cancer and in other oncology settings. The effects of denosumab on cancer disease outcomes in the adjuvant setting remain to be established. This discrepancy has created a dilemma in terms of how to evaluate the complete benefit:risk profile of bone-health management options in the adjuvant breast cancer setting. This review summarises the current data on the course of cancer in clinical trials of the antiresorptive agents and provides important insight into the relative anticancer potential of the various therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel Bundred
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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33
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Kent ML, Harper C, Wolf JC. Documented and potential research impacts of subclinical diseases in zebrafish. ILAR J 2012; 53:126-34. [PMID: 23382344 PMCID: PMC3703941 DOI: 10.1093/ilar.53.2.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has become a very important animal model in biomedical research. In contrast with other models, such as mice, there has been relatively little documentation or control of subclinical disease in zebrafish research facilities. Several infectious and noninfectious conditions are consistently detected by histopathology in apparently healthy D. rerio. The most commonly observed infectious agent in zebrafish is Pseudoloma neurophilia, which is a microsporidian organism that targets the central nervous system, peripheral nerves, and occasionally other tissues. Mycobacteriosis, caused by Mycobacterium chelonae and other species, is also a frequent finding. Less commonly encountered agents include Pseudocapillaria tomentosa, which can cause extensive proliferative enteritis, and a myxozoan (Myxidium sp.) that inhabits the urinary tract but appears to cause few if any pathological changes. Noninfectious diseases that are often clinically unapparent in zebrafish include hepatic megalocytosis, bile and pancreatic ductal proliferation, and neoplasms of the ultimobranchial gland, gastrointestinal tract, and testis. To date, there is little information on the degree to which these conditions may impact research in subclinically affected fish, but there is reason to believe that they should be considered as potentially significant causes of nonprotocol variation in experiments. Therefore, it is imperative that research facilities monitor their stocks for the presence of these occult diseases and be aware of their existence when interpreting study results. Furthermore, for underlying disease conditions that cannot be readily eradicated, it is essential to determine the physiological and immunological changes that they elicit in zebrafish. Understanding the cause, modes of transmission, and distribution of the pathogens would provide useful information for the development of control and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L. Kent
- Department of Microbiology, 220 Nash Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 977331.
| | | | - Jeffrey C. Wolf
- DVM, Dipl. ACVP Experimental Pathology Laboratories, Inc. 45600 Terminal Drive, Sterling, VA, 20166 USA Tel: 703-471-7060 Ext 242 Fax: 703-471-8447
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34
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Yadav VR, Prasad S, Reuter S, Sung B, Yamamoto N, Murakami A, Aggarwal BB. WITHDRAWN: Cardamonin Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis Induced by Tumor Cells Through Interruption of the Signaling Pathway Activated by Receptor Activator of NF-κB Ligand. Cancer Lett 2011:S0304-3835(11)00758-0. [PMID: 22182452 PMCID: PMC3769506 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Revised: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek R Yadav
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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35
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Ndip A, Williams A, Jude EB, Serracino-Inglott F, Richardson S, Smyth JV, Boulton AJM, Alexander MY. The RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling pathway mediates medial arterial calcification in diabetic Charcot neuroarthropathy. Diabetes 2011; 60:2187-96. [PMID: 21659498 PMCID: PMC3142088 DOI: 10.2337/db10-1220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK), RANK ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) signaling pathway (RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling) is implicated in the osteolysis associated with diabetic Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN); however, the links with medial arterial calcification (MAC) seen in people with CN are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of RANKL/OPG in MAC in patients with CN. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Bio-plex multiarray technology were used to quantify a range of cytokines, including RANKL and OPG in sera from 10 patients with diabetes, 12 patients with CN, and 5 healthy volunteers. Human tibial artery segments were immunohistochemically stained with Alizarin red and human RANKL antibody. Human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were also explanted from arterial segments for in vitro studies. RESULTS We demonstrate colocalization and upregulation of RANKL expression in areas displaying MAC. Systemic levels of RANKL, OPG, and inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-8, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) were elevated in those with CN compared with diabetic patients and healthy control subjects. Human VSMCs cultured in CN serum showed accelerated osteoblastic differentiation (alkaline phosphatase activity) and mineralization (alizarin red staining) compared with cells treated with diabetic or control serum (P < 0.05). Coincubation with OPG, the decoy receptor for RANKL, attenuated osteogenic differentiation of VSMCs and was independent of a high calcium-phosphate milieu. The accelerated mineralization induced by RANKL and CN serum correlated with nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB, a process abrogated by OPG. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide direct evidence that RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling is modulated in patients with CN and plays a role in vascular calcification. This study highlights this pathway as a potential target for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agbor Ndip
- Department of Medicine and Diabetes, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK.
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36
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Raju R, Balakrishnan L, Nanjappa V, Bhattacharjee M, Getnet D, Muthusamy B, Kurian Thomas J, Sharma J, Rahiman BA, Harsha HC, Shankar S, Prasad TSK, Mohan SS, Bader GD, Wani MR, Pandey A. A comprehensive manually curated reaction map of RANKL/RANK-signaling pathway. DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION 2011; 2011:bar021. [PMID: 21742767 PMCID: PMC3170171 DOI: 10.1093/database/bar021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) is a member of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily that plays a key role in the regulation of differentiation, activation and survival of osteoclasts and also in tumor cell migration and bone metastasis. Osteoclast activation induced by RANKL regulates hematopoietic stem cell mobilization as part of homeostasis and host defense mechanisms thereby linking regulation of hematopoiesis with bone remodeling. Binding of RANKL to its receptor, Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (RANK) activates molecules such as NF-kappa B, mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and phosphatidyl 3-kinase (PI3K). Although the molecular and cellular roles of these molecules have been reported previously, a systematic cataloging of the molecular events induced by RANKL/RANK interaction has not been attempted. Here, we present a comprehensive reaction map of the RANKL/RANK-signaling pathway based on an extensive manual curation of the published literature. We hope that the curated RANKL/RANK-signaling pathway model would enable new biomedical discoveries, which can provide novel insights into disease processes and development of novel therapeutic interventions. Database URL:http://www.netpath.org/pathways?path_id=NetPath_21
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Raju
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560066, India
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37
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Inhibition of TNF-α-mediated inflammatory responses by a benzodioxolylacetylamino-linked benzothiazole analog in human fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 408:625-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.04.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 04/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Sung B, Cho SG, Liu M, Aggarwal BB. Butein, a tetrahydroxychalcone, suppresses cancer-induced osteoclastogenesis through inhibition of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand signaling. Int J Cancer 2011; 129:2062-72. [PMID: 21170936 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2010] [Revised: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 12/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Osteoclastogenesis is associated with aging and various age-related inflammatory chronic diseases, including cancer. Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL), a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily, has been implicated as a major mediator of bone resorption, suggesting that agents that can suppress RANKL signaling might inhibit osteoclastogenesis, a process closely linked to bone resorption. We therefore investigated whether butein, a tetrahydroxychalcone, could inhibit RANKL signaling and suppress osteoclastogenesis induced by RANKL or tumor cells. We found that human multiple myeloma cells (MM.1S and U266), breast tumor cells (MDA-MB-231) and prostate tumor cells (PC-3) induced differentiation of macrophages to osteoclasts, as indicated by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells, and that butein suppressed this process. The chalcone also suppressed the expression of RANKL by the tumor cells. We further found that butein suppressed RANKL-induced NF-κB activation and that this suppression correlated with the inhibition of IκBα kinase and suppression of phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα, an inhibitor of NF-κB. Finally, butein also suppressed the RANKL-induced differentiation of macrophages to osteoclasts in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. Collectively, our results indicate that butein suppresses the osteoclastogenesis induced by tumor cells and by RANKL, by suppression of the NF-κB activation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokyung Sung
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Cytokine Research Laboratory, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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39
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Abstract
Since the discovery that deletion of the NF-κB subunits p50 and p52 causes osteopetrosis in mice, there has been considerable interest in the role of NF-κB signaling in bone. NF-κB controls the differentiation or activity of the major skeletal cell types - osteoclasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes and chondrocytes. However, with five NF-κB subunits and two distinct activation pathways, not all NF-κB signals lead to the same physiologic responses. In this review, we will describe the roles of various NF-κB proteins in basal bone homeostasis and disease states, and explore how NF-κB inhibition might be utilized therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Veis Novack
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
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40
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Reuter S, Prasad S, Phromnoi K, Kannappan R, Yadav VR, Aggarwal BB. Embelin suppresses osteoclastogenesis induced by receptor activator of NF-κB ligand and tumor cells in vitro through inhibition of the NF-κB cell signaling pathway. Mol Cancer Res 2010; 8:1425-36. [PMID: 20826545 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-10-0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Most patients with cancer die not because of the tumor in the primary site, but because it has spread to other sites. Common tumors, such as breast, multiple myeloma, and prostate tumors, frequently metastasize to the bone. It is now well recognized that osteoclasts are responsible for the osteolysis observed in bone metastases of the tumor. Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily and an activator of the NF-κB signaling pathway, has emerged as a major mediator of bone loss, commonly associated with cancer and other chronic inflammatory diseases. Embelin (2,5-dihydroxy-3-undecyl-1,4-benzoquinone), derived from the Ayurvedic medicinal plant Embelia ribes, has been shown to bind and inhibit X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein and inhibit inflammatory pathways. We investigated whether embelin could inhibit osteoclastogenesis-associated bone loss induced by RANKL and by tumor cells in vitro. We found that embelin suppressed the RANKL-induced differentiation of monocytes into osteoclasts. This benzoquinone also suppressed the osteoclastogenesis induced by multiple myeloma and by breast cancer cells. This effect of embelin correlated with the suppression of NF-κB activation and inhibition of IκBα phosphorylation and IκBα degradation. Inhibition of IκBα phosphorylation was due to the inhibition of IκBα kinase (IKK) activation. Furthermore, by using an inhibitor of the IKKγ or NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO), the regulatory component of the IKK complex, we showed that the NF-κB signaling pathway is mandatory for RAW 264.7 cell differentiation into osteoclasts. Thus, embelin, an inhibitor of RANKL-induced NF-κB activation has great potential as a therapeutic agent for osteoporosis and cancer-linked bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Reuter
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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41
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Otero JE, Dai S, Alhawagri MA, Darwech I, Abu-Amer Y. IKKbeta activation is sufficient for RANK-independent osteoclast differentiation and osteolysis. J Bone Miner Res 2010; 25:1282-94. [PMID: 20200955 PMCID: PMC3153134 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Monocytes differentiate into osteoclasts through stimulation of receptor activator of NF-kappaB (RANK). Many downstream effectors of RANK play a positive role in osteoclastogenesis, but their relative importance in osteoclast differentiation is unclear. We report the discovery that activation of a single pathway downstream of RANK is sufficient for osteoclast differentiation. In this regard, introduction of constitutively activated IKKbeta (IKKbeta(SSEE)) but not wild-type IKKbeta into monocytes stimulates differentiation of bona fide osteoclasts in the absence of RANK ligand (RANKL). This phenomenon is independent of upstream signals because IKKbeta(SSEE) induced the development of bone-resorbing osteoclasts from RANK and IKKalpha knockout monocytes and in conditions in which NEMO-IKKbeta association was inhibited. NF-kappaB p100 and p105, but not RelB, were critical mediators of this effect. Inflammatory autocrine signaling by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin 1 (IL-1) were dispensable for the spontaneous osteoclastogenesis driven by IKKbeta(SSEE). More important, adenoviral gene transfer of IKKbeta(SSEE) induced osteoclasts and osteolysis in calvariae and knees of mice. Our data establish the sufficiency of IKKbeta activation for osteolysis and suggest that IKKbeta hyperactivation may play a role in conditions of pathologic bone destruction refractory to RANK/RANKL proximal therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse E Otero
- Department of Orthopedics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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42
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Abstract
Nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) is a set of multifunctional transcription factors that regulate expression of genes involved in numerous normal cellular activities. They also are activated in many inflammatory and neoplastic conditions in which their expression may be stimulated by proinflammatory cytokines. NF-kappaB, in turn, regulates the expression of cytokines and so can mediate autocrine self-amplifying cycles of cytokine release and NF-kappaB activation, leading to maintenance of inflammatory reactions beyond the initial stimulus, as seen in rheumatoid arthritis and asthma. Since discovery of the requirement of NF-kappaB for basal and cytokine-induced osteoclast formation in the mid-1990s, much has been learned about the role of NF-kappaB in bone. NF-kappaB has roles in skeletal development, endochondral ossification, osteoclast and osteoblast functions, and common bone diseases. NF-kappaB inhibitors have been developed, but none have made it to clinical trials for the treatment of common bone diseases. Here we review the roles for NF-kappaB in bone and in common bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan F Boyce
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.
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Chun JN, Choi B, Lee KW, Lee DJ, Kang DH, Lee JY, Song IS, Kim HI, Lee SH, Kim HS, Lee NK, Lee SY, Lee KJ, Kim J, Kang SW. Cytosolic Hsp60 is involved in the NF-kappaB-dependent survival of cancer cells via IKK regulation. PLoS One 2010; 5:e9422. [PMID: 20351780 PMCID: PMC2843631 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2009] [Accepted: 01/18/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytoplasmic presence of Hsp60, which is principally a nuclear gene-encoded mitochondrial chaperonin, has frequently been stated, but its role in intracellular signaling is largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that the cytosolic Hsp60 promotes the TNF-alpha-mediated activation of the IKK/NF-kappaB survival pathway via direct interaction with IKKalpha/beta in the cytoplasm. Selective loss or blockade of cytosolic Hsp60 by specific antisense oligonucleotide or neutralizing antibody diminished the IKK/NF-kappaB activation and the expression of NF-kappaB target genes, such as Bfl-1/A1 and MnSOD, which thus augmented intracellular ROS production and ASK1-dependent cell death, in response to TNF-alpha. Conversely, the ectopic expression of cytosol-targeted Hsp60 enhanced IKK/NF-kappaB activation. Mechanistically, the cytosolic Hsp60 enhanced IKK activation via upregulating the activation-dependent serine phosphorylation in a chaperone-independent manner. Furthermore, transgenic mouse study showed that the cytosolic Hsp60 suppressed hepatic cell death induced by diethylnitrosamine in vivo. The cytosolic Hsp60 is likely to be a regulatory component of IKK complex and it implicates the first mitochondrial factor that regulates cell survival via NF-kappaB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Nyeo Chun
- Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Science and Center for Cell Signaling and Drug Discovery Research, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Boae Choi
- Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Science and Center for Cell Signaling and Drug Discovery Research, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Wha Lee
- Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Science and Center for Cell Signaling and Drug Discovery Research, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Doo Jae Lee
- Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Science and Center for Cell Signaling and Drug Discovery Research, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Kang
- Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Science and Center for Cell Signaling and Drug Discovery Research, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Young Lee
- Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Science and Center for Cell Signaling and Drug Discovery Research, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Sung Song
- Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Science and Center for Cell Signaling and Drug Discovery Research, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye In Kim
- Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Science and Center for Cell Signaling and Drug Discovery Research, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Hee Lee
- Division of Electron Microscopic Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyeon Soo Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Na Kyung Lee
- Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Science and Center for Cell Signaling and Drug Discovery Research, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Young Lee
- Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Science and Center for Cell Signaling and Drug Discovery Research, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Life Science and College of Natural Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kong-Joo Lee
- Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Science and Center for Cell Signaling and Drug Discovery Research, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaesang Kim
- Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Science and Center for Cell Signaling and Drug Discovery Research, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Life Science and College of Natural Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Won Kang
- Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Science and Center for Cell Signaling and Drug Discovery Research, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Life Science and College of Natural Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Darwech I, Otero J, Alhawagri M, Dai S, Abu-Amer Y. Impediment of NEMO oligomerization inhibits osteoclastogenesis and osteolysis. J Cell Biochem 2010; 108:1337-45. [PMID: 19830703 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.22364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor NF-kappaB is essential for osteoclastogenesis and is considered an immune-modulator of rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory osteolysis. Activation of NF-kappaB subunits is regulated by the upstream IkappaB kinase (IKK) complex which contains IKKalpha, IKKbeta, and IKKgamma; the latter also known as NF-kappaB essential modulator (NEMO). The role of IKKalpha and IKKbeta in the skeletal development and inflammatory osteolysis has been described, whereas little is known regarding the role of NEMO in this setting. Typically, signals induced by RANK ligand (RANKL) or TNF prompt oligomerization of NEMO monomers through the coiled-coil-2 (CC2) and leucine zipper (LZ) motifs. This step facilitates binding to IKKs and further relaying signal transduction. Given the central role of NF-kappaB in osteoclastogenesis, we asked whether NEMO is essential for osteoclastogenesis and whether interruption of NEMO oligomerization impedes osteoclast differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Using cell-permeable short peptides overlapping the CC2 and LZ motifs we show that these peptides specifically bind to NEMO monomers, prevent trimer formation, and render NEMO monomers susceptible for ubiquitin-mediated degradation. Further, CC2 and LZ peptides attenuate RANKL- and TNF-induced NF-kappaB signaling in bone marrow-derived osteoclast precursors (OCPs). More importantly, these peptides potently inhibit osteoclastogenesis, in vitro, and arrest RANKL-induced osteolysis, in mice. To further ascertain its role in osteoclastogenesis, we were able to block osteoclastogenesis using NEMO siRNA knockdown approach. Collectively, our data establish that obstruction of NEMO oligomerization destabilizes NEMO monomers, inhibits NF-kappaB activation, impedes osteoclastogenesis and arrests inflammatory osteolysis. Thus, NEMO presents itself as a promising target for anti-osteolytic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isra Darwech
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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45
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Rauert H, Wicovsky A, Müller N, Siegmund D, Spindler V, Waschke J, Kneitz C, Wajant H. Membrane tumor necrosis factor (TNF) induces p100 processing via TNF receptor-2 (TNFR2). J Biol Chem 2009; 285:7394-404. [PMID: 20038584 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.037341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) elicits its biological activities by stimulation of two receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2, both belonging to the TNF receptor superfamily. Whereas TNFR1-mediated signal transduction has been intensively studied and is understood in detail, especially with respect to activation of the classical NFkappaB pathway, cell death induction, and MAP kinase signaling, TNFR2-associated signal transduction is poorly defined. Here, we demonstrate in various tumor cell lines and primary T-cells that TNFR2, but not TNFR1, induces activation of the alternative NFkappaB pathway. In accord with earlier findings demonstrating that only membrane TNF, but not soluble TNF, properly activates TNFR2, we further show by use of TNFR1- and TNFR2-specific mutants of soluble TNF and membrane TNF that soluble ligand trimers fail to activate the alternative NFkappaB pathway. In accord with the known inhibitory role of TRAF2 in the alternative NFkappaB pathway, TNFR2-, but not TNFR1-specific TNF induced depletion of cytosolic TRAF2. Thus, we identified activation of the alternative NFkappaB pathway as a TNF signaling effect that can be specifically assigned to TNFR2 and membrane TNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilka Rauert
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
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46
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Ang ESM, Pavlos NJ, Chai LY, Qi M, Cheng TS, Steer JH, Joyce DA, Zheng MH, Xu J. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester, an active component of honeybee propolis attenuates osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption via the suppression of RANKL-induced NF-kappaB and NFAT activity. J Cell Physiol 2009; 221:642-9. [PMID: 19681045 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.21898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Receptor activator NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL)-activated signaling is essential for osteoclast differentiation, activation and survival. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a natural NF-kappaB inhibitor from honeybee propolis has been shown to have anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we investigated the effect of CAPE on the regulation of RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis, bone resorption and signaling pathways. Low concentrations of CAPE (<1 microM) dose dependently inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in RAW264.7 cell and bone marrow macrophage (BMM) cultures, as well as decreasing the capacity of human osteoclasts to resorb bone. CAPE inhibited both constitutive and RANKL-induced NF-kappaB and NFAT activation, concomitant with delayed IkappaBalpha degradation and inhibition of p65 nuclear translocation. At higher concentrations, CAPE induced apoptosis and caspase 3 activities of RAW264.7 and disrupts the microtubule network in osteoclast like (OCL) cells. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that inhibition of NF-kappaB and NFAT activation by CAPE results in the attenuation of osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption, implying that CAPE is a potential treatment for osteolytic bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estabelle S M Ang
- Molecular Orthopaedic Laboratory, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, School of Surgery, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
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47
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Yao Z, Xing L, Boyce BF. NF-kappaB p100 limits TNF-induced bone resorption in mice by a TRAF3-dependent mechanism. J Clin Invest 2009; 119:3024-34. [PMID: 19770515 DOI: 10.1172/jci38716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2009] [Accepted: 08/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
TNF and RANKL mediate bone destruction in common bone diseases, including osteoarthritis and RA. They activate NF-kappaB canonical signaling directly in osteoclast precursors (OCPs) to induce osteoclast formation in vitro. However, unlike RANKL, TNF does not activate the alternative NF-kappaB pathway efficiently to process the IkappaB protein NF-kappaB p100 to NF-kappaB p52, nor does it appear to induce osteoclast formation in vivo in the absence of RANKL. Here, we show that TNF limits RANKL- and TNF-induced osteoclast formation in vitro and in vivo by increasing NF-kappaB p100 protein accumulation in OCPs. In contrast, TNF induced robust osteoclast formation in vivo in mice lacking RANKL or RANK when the mice also lacked NF-kappaB p100, and TNF-Tg mice lacking NF-kappaB p100 had more severe joint erosion and inflammation than did TNF-Tg littermates. TNF, but not RANKL, increased OCP expression of TNF receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3), an adapter protein that regulates NF-kappaB p100 levels in B cells. TRAF3 siRNA prevented TNF-induced NF-kappaB p100 accumulation and inhibition of osteoclastogenesis. These findings suggest that upregulation of TRAF3 or NF-kappaB p100 expression or inhibition of NF-kappaB p100 degradation in OCPs could limit bone destruction and inflammation-induced bone loss in common bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqiang Yao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave.,Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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48
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Idris AI, Libouban H, Nyangoga H, Landao-Bassonga E, Chappard D, Ralston SH. Pharmacologic inhibitors of IkappaB kinase suppress growth and migration of mammary carcinosarcoma cells in vitro and prevent osteolytic bone metastasis in vivo. Mol Cancer Ther 2009; 8:2339-47. [PMID: 19671767 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-09-0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The NF-kappaB signaling pathway is known to play an important role in the regulation of osteoclastic bone resorption and cancer cell growth. Previous studies have shown that genetic inactivation of IkappaB kinase (IKK), a key component of NF-kappaB signaling, inhibits osteoclastogenesis, but the effects of pharmacologic IKK inhibitors on osteolytic bone metastasis are unknown. Here, we studied the effects of the IKK inhibitors celastrol, BMS-345541, parthenolide, and wedelolactone on the proliferation and migration of W256 cells in vitro and osteolytic bone destruction in vivo. All compounds tested inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis of W256 cells as evidenced by caspase-3 activation and nuclear morphology. Celastrol, BMS-345541, and parthenolide abolished IL1beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced IkappaB phosphorylation and prevented nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB and DNA binding. Celastrol and parthenolide but not BMS-345541 prevented the activation of both IKKalpha and IKKbeta, and celastrol inhibited IKKalpha/beta activation by preventing the phosphorylation of TAK1, a key receptor-associated factor upstream of IKK. Celastrol and parthenolide markedly reduced the mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 and urinary plasminogen activator, and inhibited W256 migration. Administration of celastrol or parthenolide at a dose of 1 mg/kg/day suppressed trabecular bone loss and reduced the number and size of osteolytic bone lesions following W256 injection in rats. Histomorphometric analysis showed that both compounds decreased osteoclast number and inhibited bone resorption. In conclusion, pharmacologic inhibitors of IKK are effective in preventing osteolytic bone metastasis in this model and might represent a promising class of agents to the prevention and treatment of metastatic bone disease associated with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aymen I Idris
- Bone Research Group, Institute of Genetic and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, General Western Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom.
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49
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Ang E, Pavlos NJ, Rea SL, Qi M, Chai T, Walsh JP, Ratajczak T, Zheng MH, Xu J. Proteasome inhibitors impair RANKL-induced NF-κB activity in osteoclast-like cells via disruption of p62, TRAF6, CYLD, and IκBα signaling cascades. J Cell Physiol 2009; 220:450-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.21787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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50
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Abu-Amer Y. Inflammation, cancer, and bone loss. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2009; 9:427-33. [PMID: 19577517 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2009.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2009] [Revised: 06/02/2009] [Accepted: 06/04/2009] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal distortions impose grave health disparities with potentially devastating consequences, including bone pain, immobility, and morbidity. Bone erosion is chiefly caused by hyperactive osteoclasts summoned to bone in response to circulating factors produced by tumor and inflammatory cells. Intense research in the past two decades has identified crucial elements and intricate circulatory systems that maintain and exacerbate inflammatory osteolysis. This progress led to better understanding of the mechanisms underlying this response and to developing advanced therapeutic interventions. Nevertheless, the multifactorial causes of inflammatory osteolysis continue to impose a great challenge for these therapies. This article provides an overview of some of the prominent facets contributing to this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Abu-Amer
- Department of Orthopedics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, United States.
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