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d'Almeida Gameiro M, Jacob PL, Kortsen K, Ward T, Taresco V, Stockman RA, Chebude Y, Howdle SM. Greener
extraction‐chemical modification‐polymerization
pipeline of vernolic acid from Ethiopian ironweed plant. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Thomas Ward
- School of Chemistry University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
| | | | | | - Yonas Chebude
- Chemistry Department Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia
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Kovács BZ, Puskás LG, Nagy LI, Papp A, Gyöngyi Z, Fórizs I, Czuppon G, Somlyai I, Somlyai G. Blocking the Increase of Intracellular Deuterium Concentration Prevents the Expression of Cancer-Related Genes, Tumor Development, and Tumor Recurrence in Cancer Patients. Cancer Control 2022; 29:10732748211068963. [PMID: 35043700 PMCID: PMC8777325 DOI: 10.1177/10732748211068963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The possible role of the naturally occurring deuterium in the regulation of cell
division was first described in the 1990s. To investigate the mechanism of
influence of deuterium (D) on cell growth, expression of 236 cancer-related and
536 kinase genes were tested in deuterium-depleted (40 and 80 ppm) and
deuterium-enriched (300 ppm) media compared to natural D level (150 ppm). Among
genes with expression changes exceeding 30% and copy numbers over 30 (124 and
135 genes, respectively) 97.3% of them was upregulated at 300 ppm
D-concentration. In mice exposed to chemical carcinogen, one-year survival data
showed that deuterium-depleted water (DDW) with 30 ppm D as drinking water
prevented tumor development. One quarter of the treated male mice survived
344 days, the females 334 days, while one quarter of the control mice survived
only 188 and 156 days, respectively. In our human retrospective study 204
previously treated cancer patients with disease in remission, who consumed DDW,
were followed. Cumulative follow-up time was 1024 years, and average follow-up
time per patient, 5 years (median: 3.6 years). One hundred and fifty-six
patients out of 204 (77.9%) did not relapse during their 803 years cumulative
follow-up time. Median survival time (MST) was not calculable due to the
extremely low death rate (11 cancer-related deaths, 5.4% of the study
population). Importantly, 8 out of 11 deaths occurred several years after
stopping DDW consumption, confirming that regular consumption of DDW can prevent
recurrence of cancer. These findings point to the likely mechanism in which
consumption of DDW keeps D-concentration below natural levels, preventing the
D/H ratio from increasing to the threshold required for cell division. This in
turn can serve as a key to reduce the relapse rate of cancer patients and/or to
reduce cancer incidence in healthy populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beáta Zs. Kovács
- HYD LLC for Cancer Research and Drug Development, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - András Papp
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Gyöngyi
- Department of Public Health, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - István Fórizs
- Institute for Geological and Geochemical Research (IGGR), Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Eötvös Loránt Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Czuppon
- Institute for Geological and Geochemical Research (IGGR), Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Eötvös Loránt Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Somlyai
- HYD LLC for Cancer Research and Drug Development, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Somlyai
- HYD LLC for Cancer Research and Drug Development, Budapest, Hungary
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Lech JC, Dorfsman SI, Répás Z, Krüger TPJ, Gyalai IM, Boros LG. What to feed or what not to feed-that is still the question. Metabolomics 2021; 17:102. [PMID: 34800193 PMCID: PMC8605975 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-021-01855-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This review addresses metabolic diversities after grain feeding of cattle using artificial total mixed ration (TMR), in place of pasture-based feeding. OBJECTIVES To determine how grain feeding impairs the deuterium-depleting functions of the anaplerotic mitochondrial matrix during milk and meat production. METHODS Based on published data we herein evaluate how grain-fed animals essentially follow a branched-chain amino acid and odd-chain fatty acid-based reductive carboxylation-dependent feedstock, which is also one of the mitochondrial deuterium-accumulating dysfunctions in human cancer. RESULTS It is now evident that food-based intracellular deuterium exchange reactions, especially that of glycogenic substrate oxidation, are significant sources of deuterium-enriched (2H; D) metabolic water with a significant impact on animal and human health. The burning of high deuterium nutritional dairy products into metabolic water upon oxidation in the human body may contribute to similar metabolic conditions and diseases as described in state-of-the-art articles for cows. Grain feeding also limits oxygen delivery to mitochondria for efficient deuterium-depleted metabolic water production by glyphosate herbicide exposure used in genetically modified crops of TMR constituents. CONCLUSION Developments in medical metabolomics, biochemistry and deutenomics, which is the science of biological deuterium fractionation and discrimination warrant urgent critical reviews in order to control the epidemiological scale of population diseases such as diabetes, obesity and cancer by a thorough understanding of how the compromised metabolic health of grain-fed dairy cows impacts human consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C Lech
- Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- National Research Foundation, Pretoria, South Africa
- International EMF Project & Optical Radiation, World Health Organization, Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam (UMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Zoltán Répás
- Institute of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tjaart P J Krüger
- Department of Physics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - László G Boros
- SiDMAP, LLC and the Deutenomics Science Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Isotope Ratio Monitoring 13 C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometry for the Analysis of Position-Specific Isotope Ratios. Methods Enzymol 2017; 596:369-401. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2017.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
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Boros LG, D'Agostino DP, Katz HE, Roth JP, Meuillet EJ, Somlyai G. Submolecular regulation of cell transformation by deuterium depleting water exchange reactions in the tricarboxylic acid substrate cycle. Med Hypotheses 2016; 87:69-74. [PMID: 26826644 PMCID: PMC4733494 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2015.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The naturally occurring isotope of hydrogen ((1)H), deuterium ((2)H), could have an important biological role. Deuterium depleted water delays tumor progression in mice, dogs, cats and humans. Hydratase enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle control cell growth and deplete deuterium from redox cofactors, fatty acids and DNA, which undergo hydride ion and hydrogen atom transfer reactions. A model is proposed that emphasizes the terminal complex of mitochondrial electron transport chain reducing molecular oxygen to deuterium depleted water (DDW); this affects gluconeogenesis as well as fatty acid oxidation. In the former, the DDW is thought to diminish the deuteration of sugar-phosphates in the DNA backbone, helping to preserve stability of hydrogen bond networks, possibly protecting against aneuploidy and resisting strand breaks, occurring upon exposure to radiation and certain anticancer chemotherapeutics. DDW is proposed here to link cancer prevention and treatment using natural ketogenic diets, low deuterium drinking water, as well as DDW production as the mitochondrial downstream mechanism of targeted anti-cancer drugs such as Avastin and Glivec. The role of (2)H in biology is a potential missing link to the elusive cancer puzzle seemingly correlated with cancer epidemiology in western populations as a result of excessive (2)H loading from processed carbohydrate intake in place of natural fat consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- László G Boros
- Department of Pediatrics, UCLA School of Medicine Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA; The Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute (LABiOMED), Torrance, CA, USA; SIDMAP, LLC, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Dominic P D'Agostino
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, Hyperbaric Biomedical Research Laboratory, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Howard E Katz
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Justine P Roth
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Emmanuelle J Meuillet
- The University of Arizona Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Gábor Somlyai
- HYD, LLC for Cancer Research & Drug Development, Budapest, Hungary
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Probing substrate–product relationships by natural abundance deuterium 2D NMR spectroscopy in liquid-crystalline solvents: epoxidation of linoleate to vernoleate by two different plant enzymes. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 402:2985-98. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-5748-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Revised: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Serhan Z, Borgogno A, Billault I, Ferrarini A, Lesot P. Analysis of NAD 2D-NMR spectra of saturated fatty acids in polypeptide aligning media by experimental and modeling approaches. Chemistry 2011; 18:117-26. [PMID: 22162274 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The overall and detailed elucidation (including the stereochemical aspects) of enzymatic mechanisms requires the access to all reliable information related to the natural isotopic fractionation of both precursors and products. Natural abundance deuterium (NAD) 2D-NMR experiments in polypeptide liquid-crystalline solutions are a new, suitable tool for analyzing site-specific deuterium isotopic distribution profiles. Here this method is utilized for analyzing saturated C14 to C18 fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), which are challenging because of the crowding of signals in a narrow spectral region. Experiments in achiral and chiral oriented solutions were performed. The spectral analysis is supplemented by the theoretical prediction of quadrupolar splittings as a function of the geometry and flexibility of FAMEs, based on a novel computational methodology. This allows us to confirm the spectral assignments, while providing insights into the mechanism of solute ordering in liquid-crystalline polypeptide solutions. This is found to be dominated by steric repulsions between FAMEs and polypeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Serhan
- RMN en Milieu Orienté, ICMMO, UMR-CNRS 8182, Université de Paris Sud 11, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
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Botosoa EP, Blumenstein C, MacKenzie DA, Silvestre V, Remaud GS, Kwiecień RA, Robins RJ. Quantitative isotopic 13C nuclear magnetic resonance at natural abundance to probe enzyme reaction mechanisms via site-specific isotope fractionation: The case of the chain-shortening reaction for the bioconversion of ferulic acid to vanillin. Anal Biochem 2009; 393:182-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2009.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2009] [Revised: 05/18/2009] [Accepted: 06/24/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Baillif V, Robins RJ, Le Feunteun S, Lesot P, Billault I. Investigation of fatty acid elongation and desaturation steps in Fusarium lateritium by quantitative two-dimensional deuterium NMR spectroscopy in chiral oriented media. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:10783-92. [PMID: 19213728 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m807826200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The origin of hydrogen atoms during fatty acid biosynthesis in Fusarium lateritium has been quantified by isotope tracking close to natural abundance. Methyl linoleate was isolated from F. lateritium grown in natural abundance medium or in medium slightly enriched with labeled water, glucose, or acetate, and the (2)H incorporation was determined by quantitative (2)H-{(1)H} NMR in isotropic and chiral oriented solvents. Thus, the individual ((2)H/(1)H)(i) ratio at each pro-R and pro-S hydrogen position of the CH(2) groups along the chain can be analyzed. These values allow the isotope redistribution coefficients (a(ij)) that characterize the specific source of each hydrogen atom to be related to the nonexchangeable hydrogen atoms in glucose and to the medium water. In turn, these can be related to the stereoselectivity that operates during the introduction or removal of hydrogens along the fatty acid chain. First, at even CH(2) the pro-S hydrogen comes only from water by protonation, whereas the pro-R hydrogen is introduced partly via acetate but principally from water. Second, the nonexchangeable hydrogens of glucose (positions H-6,6 and H-1) are shown to be introduced to the odd CH(2) via the NAD(P)H pool used by both reductases involved in the elongation steps of the fatty acid chain. Third, it is proved that hydrogens removed at sites 9,10 and 12,13 during desaturation by Delta(9)- and Delta(12)-desaturases are pro-R, and that during these desaturation steps alpha-secondary kinetic isotope effects occur at the 9 and 12 positions and not at the 10 and 13 positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Baillif
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, Chimie et Interdisciplinarité Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation, UMR CNRS 6230, 2 Rue de la Houssiniere, BP 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
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Lesot P, Baillif V, Billault I. Combined Analysis of C-18 Unsaturated Fatty Acids Using Natural Abundance Deuterium 2D NMR Spectroscopy in Chiral Oriented Solvents. Anal Chem 2008; 80:2963-72. [DOI: 10.1021/ac702443b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Lesot
- Université de Paris-Sud (XI), ICMMO, UMR CNRS 8182, Laboratoire de Chimie Structurale Organique, Equipe de RMN en Milieu Orienté, UFR des sciences d'Orsay, Bât. 410, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France, and Université de Nantes, CEISAM, Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité, Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation, UMR CNRS 6230, UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, 2, rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Vincent Baillif
- Université de Paris-Sud (XI), ICMMO, UMR CNRS 8182, Laboratoire de Chimie Structurale Organique, Equipe de RMN en Milieu Orienté, UFR des sciences d'Orsay, Bât. 410, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France, and Université de Nantes, CEISAM, Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité, Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation, UMR CNRS 6230, UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, 2, rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Isabelle Billault
- Université de Paris-Sud (XI), ICMMO, UMR CNRS 8182, Laboratoire de Chimie Structurale Organique, Equipe de RMN en Milieu Orienté, UFR des sciences d'Orsay, Bât. 410, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France, and Université de Nantes, CEISAM, Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité, Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation, UMR CNRS 6230, UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, 2, rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
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Baillif V, Robins RJ, Billault I, Lesot P. Assignment of Absolute Configuration of Natural Abundance Deuterium Signals Associated with (R)- and (S)-Enantioisotopomers in a Fatty Acid Aligned in a Chiral Liquid Crystal: Enantioselective Synthesis and NMR Analysis. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:11180-7. [PMID: 16925436 DOI: 10.1021/ja0617892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Previous experimental natural abundance deuterium (NAD) NMR results have shown an odd/even-related alternation in the ((2)H/(1)H) ratio of the methylene groups of fatty acids (ChemBioChem 2001, 2, 425) and, by NAD NMR in CLC, a marked difference between enantiotopic deuterons for each methylenic site (Anal. Chem. 2004, 76, 2827). However, to date, the assignment of the absolute configuration for each deuterium has not been possible. To investigate further the origin of these effects, the assignment of NAD quadrupolar doublets observed in chiral oriented solvent is required. Here we describe the assignment of R- and S-isomers resulting from the isotopic substitution in positions 4 and 5 in the aliphatic chain of 1,1'-bis(thiophenyl)hexane 1 (BTPH) derived from natural linoleic acid of plant origin. This was achieved using an optimized synthetic strategy to obtain separately four regio- and stereoselectively deuterated enantiomers of BTPH. By reference to the deuterium spectra of these isotopically labeled reference compounds, we demonstrate that, on both 4 and 5 positions of BTPH, the isotopic enantiomers of S configuration are depleted relative to those of R configuration. This finding effectively explains the observed low ((2)H/(1)H) ratio in NAD of some ethylenic sites of unsaturated fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Baillif
- Laboratoire d'Analyse Isotopique et Electrochimique de Métabolismes, CNRS UMR 6006, Université de Nantes, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes, France
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