1
|
Gila F, Alamdari-Palangi V, Rafiee M, Jokar A, Ehtiaty S, Dianatinasab A, Khatami SH, Taheri-Anganeh M, Movahedpour A, Fallahi J. Gene-edited cells: novel allogeneic gene/cell therapy for epidermolysis bullosa. J Appl Genet 2024:10.1007/s13353-024-00839-2. [PMID: 38459407 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-024-00839-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a group of rare genetic skin fragility disorders, which are hereditary. These disorders are associated with mutations in at least 16 genes that encode components of the epidermal adhesion complex. Currently, there are no effective treatments for this disorder. All current treatment approaches focus on topical treatments to prevent complications and infections. In recent years, significant progress has been achieved in the treatment of the severe genetic skin blistering condition known as EB through preclinical and clinical advancements. Promising developments have emerged in the areas of protein and cell therapies, such as allogeneic stem cell transplantation; in addition, RNA-based therapies and gene therapy approaches have also become a reality. Stem cells obtained from embryonic or adult tissues, including the skin, are undifferentiated cells with the ability to generate, maintain, and replace fully developed cells and tissues. Recent advancements in preclinical and clinical research have significantly enhanced stem cell therapy, presenting a promising treatment option for various diseases that are not effectively addressed by current medical treatments. Different types of stem cells such as primarily hematopoietic and mesenchymal, obtained from the patient or from a donor, have been utilized to treat severe forms of diseases, each with some beneficial effects. In addition, extensive research has shown that gene transfer methods targeting allogeneic and autologous epidermal stem cells to replace or correct the defective gene are promising. These methods can regenerate and restore the adhesion of primary keratinocytes in EB patients. The long-term treatment of skin lesions in a small number of patients has shown promising results through the transplantation of skin grafts produced from gene-corrected autologous epidermal stem cells. This article attempts to summarize the current situation, potential development prospects, and some of the challenges related to the cell therapy approach for EB treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Gila
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahab Alamdari-Palangi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maedeh Rafiee
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Arezoo Jokar
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sajad Ehtiaty
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aria Dianatinasab
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Hossein Khatami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mortaza Taheri-Anganeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Jafar Fallahi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huber LT, Kraus JM, Ezić J, Wanli A, Groth M, Laban S, Hoffmann TK, Wollenberg B, Kestler HA, Brunner C. Liquid biopsy: an examination of platelet RNA obtained from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients for predictive molecular tumor markers. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2023; 4:422-446. [PMID: 37455825 PMCID: PMC10344902 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Recently, a tumor cell-platelet interaction was identified in different tumor entities, resulting in a transfer of tumor-derived RNA into platelets, named further "tumor-educated platelets (TEP)". The present pilot study aims to investigate whether such a tumor-platelet transfer of RNA occurs also in patients suffering from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Methods Sequencing analysis of RNA derived from platelets of tumor patients (TPs) and healthy donors (HDs) were performed. Subsequently, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used for verification of differentially expressed genes in platelets from TPs and HDs in a second cohort of patients and HDs. Data were analyzed by applying bioinformatic tools. Results Sequencing of RNA derived from the tumor as well as from platelets of TPs and HDs revealed 426 significantly differentially existing RNA, at which 406 RNA were more and 20 RNA less abundant in platelets from TPs in comparison to that of HDs. In TPs' platelets, abundantly existing RNA coding for 49 genes were detected, characteristically expressed in epithelial cells and RNA, the products of which are involved in tumor progression. Applying bioinformatic tools and verification on a second TP/HD cohort, collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1) and zinc finger protein 750 (ZNF750) were identified as the strongest potentially platelet-RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq)-based biomarkers for HNSCC. Conclusions These results indicate a transfer of tumor-derived messenger RNA (mRNA) into platelets of HNSCC patients. Therefore, analyses of a patient's platelet RNA could be an efficient option for liquid biopsy in order to diagnose HNSCC or to monitor tumorigenesis as well as therapeutic responses at any time and in real time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa T. Huber
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Johann M. Kraus
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jasmin Ezić
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Amin Wanli
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Marco Groth
- Leibniz Institute of Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute, CF DNA sequencing, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Simon Laban
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas K. Hoffmann
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Barbara Wollenberg
- Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Technical University of Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Hans A. Kestler
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Cornelia Brunner
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rousselle P, Laigle C, Rousselet G. The basement membrane in epidermal polarity, stemness, and regeneration. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C1807-C1822. [PMID: 36374168 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00069.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The epidermis is a specialized epithelium that constitutes the outermost layer of the skin, and it provides a protective barrier against environmental assaults. Primarily consisting of multilayered keratinocytes, the epidermis is continuously renewed by proliferation of stem cells and the differentiation of their progeny, which undergo terminal differentiation as they leave the basal layer and move upward toward the surface, where they die and slough off. Basal keratinocytes rest on a basement membrane at the dermal-epidermal junction that is composed of specific extracellular matrix proteins organized into interactive and mechanically supportive networks. Firm attachment of basal keratinocytes, and their dynamic regulation via focal adhesions and hemidesmosomes, is essential for maintaining major skin processes, such as self-renewal, barrier function, and resistance to physical and chemical stresses. The adhesive integrin receptors expressed by epidermal cells serve structural, signaling, and mechanosensory roles that are critical for epidermal cell anchorage and tissue homeostasis. More specifically, the basement membrane components play key roles in preserving the stem cell pool, and establishing cell polarity cues enabling asymmetric cell divisions, which result in the transition from a proliferative basal cell layer to suprabasal cells committed to terminal differentiation. Finally, through a well-regulated sequence of synthesis and remodeling, the components of the dermal-epidermal junction play an essential role in regeneration of the epidermis during skin healing. Here too, they provide biological and mechanical signals that are essential to the restoration of barrier function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Rousselle
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR 5305, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Chloé Laigle
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR 5305, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Gaelle Rousselet
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR 5305, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Duan B, Qin Z, Gu X, Li Y. Migfilin: Cell Adhesion Effect and Comorbidities. Onco Targets Ther 2022; 15:411-422. [PMID: 35469339 PMCID: PMC9034862 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s357355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell adhesion manifests as cell linkages to neighboring cells and/or the extracellular matrix (ECM). Migfilin is a widely expressed adhesion protein. It comprises three LIM domains in the C-terminal region and one proline-rich sequence in the N-terminal region. Through interplay with its various binding partners, such as Kindlin-2, Filamin, vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) protein and the transcription factor CSX, Migfilin facilitates the dynamic association of connecting actomyosin fibers, orchestrating cell morphogenetic movement and cell adhesion, proliferation, migration, invasion, differentiation and signal transduction. In this review, to further elucidate the functional contributions of and pathogenesis induced by Migfilin, we focused on the structure of Migfilin and the targets which it directly binds with. We also summarized the role of Migfilin and its binding partners in the progression of different diseases and malignancies. As a possible candidate for coordinating various cellular processes and because of its association with both the pathogenesis and progression of certain tumors, Migfilin likely has utility as a therapeutic target against multiple diseases in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baoyu Duan
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziyao Qin
- Department of Research and Development, Shanghai Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Gu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Xuefeng Gu, Department of Pharmacy, 279 Zhouzhu Road, Shanghai, 201318, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 21 6588 3180, Email
| | - Yanfei Li
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yanfei Li, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Shanghai, 201318, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 21 6588 3180 Email
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yilmaz P, Marek SJ, Valari M, He Y, Has C. Characterization of amino acid substitutions and deletions in the kindlin-1 FERM domain: relevance for precision medicine. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:2415-2423.e1. [PMID: 35189150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Kindler epidermolysis bullosa is a genodermatosis that manifests with cutaneous and mucosal fragility, and with photosensitivity. No cure is available to date. Kindlin-1, the deficient protein binds to β intergrin and is required for its activation. Using a previously established experimental workflow we addressed the consequences of three naturally occurring mutations leading either to single amino acid substitutions, p.Y293D and p.W559R, or to a single amino acid deletion p.I623del in kindlin-1. We show that p.Y293D disrupts kindlin-1 localization to focal adhesions and cell spreading. Although, treatment with a chemical chaperone increases the amount of mutant protein, spreading does not improve and cellular stress increases. In contrast, the mutations p.W559R and p.I623del do not interfere with kindlin-1 localization to focal adhesions and support cell adhesion and survival. These mutants are also responsive to the treatment with chemical chaperone, and the increased mutant proteins improve cell spreading. These findings suggest that low levels of mutant kindlins, p.W559R and p.I623del are able to rescue some important cellular functions. Patients carrying these mutations could benefit from treatment with promotors of proteostasis. Our results show that each mutation must be individually tested on genetic, molecular and cellular level to tailor personalized treatments for patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pelinsu Yilmaz
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Augsburg, Germany
| | - Sarah-Jane Marek
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Manthoula Valari
- First Department of Pediatrics, Medical School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Agia Sofia Childrens Hospital", Athens, Greece
| | - Yinghong He
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cristina Has
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
FERMT1 contributes to the migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma through epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cell cycle arrest. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:70. [PMID: 35144617 PMCID: PMC8832859 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02494-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fermitin family member 1 (FERMT1) is significantly overexpressed in human cancers and associated with poor prognosis, but its contributions to tumorigenesis and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) progression remain unclear. METHODS The public GEO database was examined to investigate the role of FERMT1. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of FERMT1 was performed in NPC tissues to corroborate the results. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were performed to test the expression of related proteins and mRNAs. Cell counting kit-8 assay (CCK8 assay) and colony formation assays were carried out to investigate the association of FERMT1 expression with NPC cell proliferation. The wound healing assay and Transwell assay were used to detect the migration and invasion of NPC cells. Flow cytometric analysis was conducted to detect the cell cycle transition of NPC cells. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) was employed to identify the correlation of FEMRT1 and Nod-like receptor family protein 3 (NLRP3). Xenograft tumors were generated to investigate the effect of FERMT1 on the growth of NPC cells in vivo. RESULTS Here, we found that FERMT1 was upregulated in NPC tissues and correlated with the clinicopathological characteristics of NPC patients. Moreover, knockdown of FERMT1 significantly decreased cell proliferation, migration and invasion by mediating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell cycle arrest of NPC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Knockdown FERMT1 inhibited EMT through directly binding to the NLRP3 and inhibited NF-kB signaling pathway. CONCLUSION These data indicated that FERMT1 could be a good potential therapeutic target for NPC treatment.
Collapse
|
7
|
Therapeutic Prospects of Exon Skipping for Epidermolysis Bullosa. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212222. [PMID: 34830104 PMCID: PMC8621297 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermolysis bullosa is a group of genetic skin conditions characterized by abnormal skin (and mucosal) fragility caused by pathogenic variants in various genes. The disease severity ranges from early childhood mortality in the most severe types to occasional acral blistering in the mildest types. The subtype and severity of EB is linked to the gene involved and the specific variants in that gene, which also determine its mode of inheritance. Current treatment is mainly focused on symptomatic relief such as wound care and blister prevention, because truly curative treatment options are still at the preclinical stage. Given the current level of understanding, the broad spectrum of genes and variants underlying EB makes it impossible to develop a single treatment strategy for all patients. It is likely that many different variant-specific treatment strategies will be needed to ultimately treat all patients. Antisense-oligonucleotide (ASO)-mediated exon skipping aims to counteract pathogenic sequence variants by restoring the open reading frame through the removal of the mutant exon from the pre-messenger RNA. This should lead to the restored production of the protein absent in the affected skin and, consequently, improvement of the phenotype. Several preclinical studies have demonstrated that exon skipping can restore protein production in vitro, in skin equivalents, and in skin grafts derived from EB-patient skin cells, indicating that ASO-mediated exon skipping could be a viable strategy as a topical or systemic treatment. The potential value of exon skipping for EB is supported by a study showing reduced phenotypic severity in patients who carry variants that result in natural exon skipping. In this article, we review the substantial progress made on exon skipping for EB in the past 15 years and highlight the opportunities and current challenges of this RNA-based therapy approach. In addition, we present a prioritization strategy for the development of exon skipping based on genomic information of all EB-involved genes.
Collapse
|
8
|
Stepankova K, Jendelova P, Machova Urdzikova L. Planet of the AAVs: The Spinal Cord Injury Episode. Biomedicines 2021; 9:613. [PMID: 34071245 PMCID: PMC8228984 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The spinal cord injury (SCI) is a medical and life-disrupting condition with devastating consequences for the physical, social, and professional welfare of patients, and there is no adequate treatment for it. At the same time, gene therapy has been studied as a promising approach for the treatment of neurological and neurodegenerative disorders by delivering remedial genes to the central nervous system (CNS), of which the spinal cord is a part. For gene therapy, multiple vectors have been introduced, including integrating lentiviral vectors and non-integrating adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors. AAV vectors are a promising system for transgene delivery into the CNS due to their safety profile as well as long-term gene expression. Gene therapy mediated by AAV vectors shows potential for treating SCI by delivering certain genetic information to specific cell types. This review has focused on a potential treatment of SCI by gene therapy using AAV vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Stepankova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Department of Neuroscience, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Jendelova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Department of Neuroscience, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucia Machova Urdzikova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Department of Neuroscience, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mészáros B, Sámano-Sánchez H, Alvarado-Valverde J, Čalyševa J, Martínez-Pérez E, Alves R, Shields DC, Kumar M, Rippmann F, Chemes LB, Gibson TJ. Short linear motif candidates in the cell entry system used by SARS-CoV-2 and their potential therapeutic implications. Sci Signal 2021; 14:eabd0334. [PMID: 33436497 PMCID: PMC7928535 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abd0334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The first reported receptor for SARS-CoV-2 on host cells was the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). However, the viral spike protein also has an RGD motif, suggesting that cell surface integrins may be co-receptors. We examined the sequences of ACE2 and integrins with the Eukaryotic Linear Motif (ELM) resource and identified candidate short linear motifs (SLiMs) in their short, unstructured, cytosolic tails with potential roles in endocytosis, membrane dynamics, autophagy, cytoskeleton, and cell signaling. These SLiM candidates are highly conserved in vertebrates and may interact with the μ2 subunit of the endocytosis-associated AP2 adaptor complex, as well as with various protein domains (namely, I-BAR, LC3, PDZ, PTB, and SH2) found in human signaling and regulatory proteins. Several motifs overlap in the tail sequences, suggesting that they may act as molecular switches, such as in response to tyrosine phosphorylation status. Candidate LC3-interacting region (LIR) motifs are present in the tails of integrin β3 and ACE2, suggesting that these proteins could directly recruit autophagy components. Our findings identify several molecular links and testable hypotheses that could uncover mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 attachment, entry, and replication against which it may be possible to develop host-directed therapies that dampen viral infection and disease progression. Several of these SLiMs have now been validated to mediate the predicted peptide interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bálint Mészáros
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany.
| | - Hugo Sámano-Sánchez
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - Jesús Alvarado-Valverde
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
- Collaboration for joint PhD degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences
| | - Jelena Čalyševa
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
- Collaboration for joint PhD degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences
| | - Elizabeth Martínez-Pérez
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
- Laboratorio de bioinformática estructural, Fundación Instituto Leloir, C1405BWE Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Renato Alves
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - Denis C Shields
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Manjeet Kumar
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany.
| | - Friedrich Rippmann
- Computational Chemistry & Biology, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Lucía B Chemes
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Rodolfo A. Ugalde", IIB-UNSAM, IIBIO-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, CP1650 San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Toby J Gibson
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Meng L, Yang X, Wu Y, Zhao Z, Yang L, Li M, Wang X, Zhang G. A novel frameshift mutation in the FERMT1 gene in a Chinese patient with Kindler syndrome. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:103. [PMID: 32973952 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Kindler syndrome (KS) is a rare subtype of epidermolysis bullosa that is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner with mutations in FERMT1. A number of mutations in FERMT1 have been identified in KS. The current study reported a 33-year-old Chinese man who exhibited a wide variety of clinical features, including formation of blisters, photosensitivity, cutaneous atrophy and poikiloderma, telangiectasia of the face and neck, contracture of the end limbs, nail dystrophy, muscle, eye and oral damage, tympanitis, esophagus narrowing, pneumothorax and palmoplantar keratoderma. The patient's parents were healthy and the patient had no siblings or children. Peripheral blood was obtained from the patient, his parents and 100 controls, who were admitted to the Dermatology Clinic of Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China. A multi-gene panel test consisting of 541 genetic loci of monogenic hereditary diseases was performed. The results identified one novel homogenous mutation in the patient: c.1885_1901del (p.Val629fs) on exon 15 in FERMT1. The patient's parents exhibited heterogeneous identical mutations. This mutation was absent in the control group. The results of the multi-gene panel test were further verified by Sanger sequencing. Based on the clinical manifestations and genetic analysis, KS was diagnosed in the patient. The current study reported a Chinese case of KS with one novel mutation c.1885_1901del in FERMT1 and presented a brief summary of all pathogenic mutations in FERMT1 that have been reported in KS between 1984 and May 2020 via a PubMed literature search.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Meng
- Department of Dermatological Mycology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Yang
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, P.R. China
| | - Yuhao Wu
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, P.R. China
| | - Zijun Zhao
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, P.R. China
| | - Lianjuan Yang
- Department of Dermatological Mycology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, P.R. China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, P.R. China
| | - Guolong Zhang
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mariath LM, Santin JT, Schuler-Faccini L, Kiszewski AE. Inherited epidermolysis bullosa: update on the clinical and genetic aspects. An Bras Dermatol 2020; 95:551-569. [PMID: 32732072 PMCID: PMC7563003 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited epidermolysis bullosa is a group of genetic diseases characterized by skin fragility and blistering on the skin and mucous membranes in response to minimal trauma. Epidermolysis bullosa is clinically and genetically very heterogeneous, being classified into four main types according to the layer of skin in which blistering occurs: epidermolysis bullosa simplex (intraepidermal), junctional epidermolysis bullosa (within the lamina lucida of the basement membrane), dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (below the basement membrane), and Kindler epidermolysis bullosa (mixed skin cleavage pattern). Furthermore, epidermolysis bullosa is stratified into several subtypes, which consider the clinical characteristics, the distribution of the blisters, and the severity of cutaneous and extracutaneous signs. Pathogenic variants in at least 16 genes that encode proteins essential for the integrity and adhesion of skin layers have already been associated with different subtypes of epidermolysis bullosa. The marked heterogeneity of the disease, which includes phenotypes with a broad spectrum of severity and many causal genes, hinders its classification and diagnosis. For this reason, dermatologists and geneticists regularly review and update the classification criteria. This review aimed to update the state of the art on inherited epidermolysis bullosa, with a special focus on the associated clinical and genetic aspects, presenting data from the most recent reclassification consensus, published in 2020.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Monteavaro Mariath
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Tosetto Santin
- Postgraduate Program in Child and Adolescent Health, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Dermatology Service, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre/Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Elisa Kiszewski
- Dermatology Service, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre/Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Clinical Medicine, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Pediatric Dermatology Unit, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre/Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Valinotto LE, Natale MI, Lusso SB, Cella E, Gutiérrez O, Sebastiani F, Manzur GB. A novel pathogenic FERMT1 variant in four families with Kindler syndrome in Argentina. Pediatr Dermatol 2020; 37:337-341. [PMID: 31957900 DOI: 10.1111/pde.14076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kindler syndrome is a rare genodermatosis. Major clinical criteria include acral blistering in infancy and childhood, progressive poikiloderma, skin atrophy, abnormal photosensitivity, and gingival fragility. METHODS FERMT1 gene was sequenced in 5 patients with a clinical diagnosis of Kindler syndrome. RESULTS We report a novel pathogenic variant detected in four unrelated families of Paraguayan origin, where one nucleotide deletion in FERMT1 gene (c.450delG) is predicted to cause a frameshift mutation leading to loss of function. Haplotype analysis revealed the propagation of an ancestral allele through this population. CONCLUSIONS The identification of this recurrent pathogenic variant enables optimization of molecular detection strategies in our patients, reducing the cost of diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Elena Valinotto
- CEDIGEA, Centro de investigaciones en Genodermatosis y Epidermólisis Ampollar, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez / Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CONICET, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mónica Inés Natale
- CEDIGEA, Centro de investigaciones en Genodermatosis y Epidermólisis Ampollar, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez / Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina Beatriz Lusso
- CEDIGEA, Centro de investigaciones en Genodermatosis y Epidermólisis Ampollar, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez / Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eliana Cella
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital de Pediatría S.A.M.I.C. Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Olga Gutiérrez
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General Pediátrico Niños de Acosta Ñu, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Fernando Sebastiani
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital de Infecciosas Dr, Francisco Javier Muñiz, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Graciela Beatriz Manzur
- CEDIGEA, Centro de investigaciones en Genodermatosis y Epidermólisis Ampollar, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez / Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
The Integrin Activating Protein Kindlin-3 Is Cleaved in Human Platelets during ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246154. [PMID: 31817594 PMCID: PMC6941114 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Kindlins are important proteins for integrin signaling and regulation of the cytoskeleton, but we know little about their precise function and regulation in platelets during acute ischemic events. In this work, we investigated kindlin-3 protein levels in platelets isolated from patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) compared to patients with non-ischemic chest pain. Platelets from twelve patients with STEMI and twelve patients with non-ischemic chest pain were isolated and analyzed for kindlin-3 protein levels and intracellular localization by immunoblotting and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Platelet proteome analysis by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and protein sequencing identified kindlin-3 as a protein that is cleaved in platelets from patients with myocardial infarction. Kindlin-3 full-length protein was significantly decreased in patients with STEMI compared to patients with non-ischemic chest pain (1.0 ± 0.2 versus 0.28 ± 0.2, p < 0.05) by immunoblotting. Kindlin-3 showed a differential distribution and was primarily cleaved in the cytosolic and membrane compartment of platelets in myocardial infarction. Platelet activation with thrombin alone did not affect kindlin-3 protein levels. The present study demonstrates that kindlin-3 protein levels become significantly reduced in platelets of patients with myocardial infarction compared to controls. The results suggest that kindlin-3 cleavage in platelets is associated with the ischemic event of myocardial infarction.
Collapse
|
14
|
Swain SD, Grifka-Walk HN, Gripentrog J, Lehmann M, Deuling B, Jenkins B, Liss H, Blaseg N, Bimczok D, Kominsky DJ. Slug and Snail have differential effects in directing colonic epithelial wound healing and partially mediate the restitutive effects of butyrate. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2019; 317:G531-G544. [PMID: 31393789 PMCID: PMC6842986 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00071.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Restitution of wounds in colonic epithelium is essential in the maintenance of health. Microbial products, such as the short-chain fatty acid butyrate, can have positive effects on wound healing. We used an in vitro model of T84 colonic epithelial cells to determine if the Snail genes Slug (SNAI2) and Snail (SNAI1), implemented in keratinocyte monolayer healing, are involved in butyrate-enhanced colonic epithelial wound healing. Using shRNA-mediated Slug/Snail knockdown, we found that knockdown of Slug (Slug-KD), but not Snail (Snail-KD), impairs wound healing in scratch assays with and without butyrate. Slug and Snail had differential effects on T84 monolayer barrier integrity, measured by transepithelial resistance, as Snail-KD impaired the barrier (with or without butyrate), whereas Slug-KD enhanced the barrier, again with or without butyrate. Targeted transcriptional analysis demonstrated differential expression of several tight junction genes, as well as focal adhesion genes. This included altered regulation of Annexin A2 and ITGB1 in Slug-KD, which was reflected in confocal microscopy, showing increased accumulation of B1-integrin protein in Slug-KD cells, which was previously shown to impair wound healing. Transcriptional analysis also indicated altered expression of genes associated with epithelial terminal differentiation, such that Slug-KD cells skewed toward overexpression of secretory cell pathway-associated genes. This included trefoil factors TFF1 and TFF3, which were expressed at lower than control levels in Snail-KD cells. Since TFFs can enhance the barrier in epithelial cells, this points to a potential mechanism of differential modulation by Snail genes. Although Snail genes are crucial in epithelial wound restitution, butyrate responses are mediated by other pathways as well.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Although butyrate can promote colonic mucosal healing, not all of its downstream pathways are understood. We show that the Snail genes Snail and Slug are mediators of butyrate responses. Furthermore, these genes, and Slug in particular, are necessary for efficient restitution of wounds and barriers in T84 epithelial cells even in the absence of butyrate. These effects are achieved in part through effects on regulation of β1 integrin and cellular differentiation state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steve D. Swain
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
| | | | - Jeannie Gripentrog
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
| | - Margaret Lehmann
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
| | - Benjamin Deuling
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
| | - Brittany Jenkins
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
| | - Hailey Liss
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
| | - Nathan Blaseg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
| | - Diane Bimczok
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
| | - Douglas J. Kominsky
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Emmert H, Culley J, Brunton VG. Inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase activity exacerbates H 2 O 2 -induced DNA damage in Kindler syndrome keratinocytes. Exp Dermatol 2019; 28:1074-1078. [PMID: 31260568 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Kindler syndrome (KS) is an autosomal recessive skin disorder characterized by skin blistering and photosensitivity. KS is caused by loss of function mutations in FERMT1, which encodes Kindlin-1. Kindlin-1 is a FERM domain containing adaptor protein that is found predominantly at cell-extracellular matrix adhesions where it binds to integrin β subunits and is required for efficient integrin activation. Using keratinocytes derived from a patient with KS, into which wild-type Kindlin-1 (Kin1WT) has been expressed, we show that Kindlin-1 binds to cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)1 and CDK2. CDK1 and CDK2 are key regulators of cell cycle progression, however, cell cycle analysis showed only small differences between the KS and KS-Kin1WT keratinocytes. In contrast, G2/M cell cycle arrest in response to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) was enhanced in KS keratinocytes but not KS-Kin1WT cells, following inhibition of CDK activity. Furthermore, KS keratinocytes were more sensitive to DNA damage in response to H2 O2 and this was exacerbated by treatment with the CDK inhibitor roscovitine. Thus, in Kindlin-1 deficient keratinocytes, CDK activity can further regulate oxidative damage induced cell cycle arrest and DNA damage. This provides further insight into the key pathways that control sensitivity to oxidative stress in KS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hila Emmert
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jayne Culley
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Valerie G Brunton
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rostampour N, Appelt CM, Abid A, Boughner JC. Expression of new genes in vertebrate tooth development and p63 signaling. Dev Dyn 2019; 248:744-755. [PMID: 30875130 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND p63 is an evolutionarily ancient transcription factor essential to vertebrate tooth development. Our recent gene expression screen comparing wild-type and "toothless" p63-/- mouse embryos implicated in tooth development several new genes that we hypothesized act downstream of p63 in dental epithelium, where p63 is also expressed. RESULTS Via in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, we probed mouse embryos (embryonic days 10.5-14.5) and spotted gar fish embryos (14 days postfertilization) for these newly linked genes, Cbln1, Cldn23, Fermt1, Krt15, Pltp and Prss8, which were expressed in mouse and gar dental epithelium. Loss of p63 altered expression levels but not domains. Expression was comparable between murine upper and lower tooth organs, implying conserved gene functions in maxillary and mandibular dentitions. Our meta-analysis of gene expression databases supported that these genes act within a p63-driven gene regulatory network important to tooth development in mammals and more evolutionary ancient vertebrates (fish, amphibians). CONCLUSIONS Cbln1, Cldn23, Fermt1, Krt15, Pltp, and Prss8 were expressed in mouse and fish dental epithelium at placode, bud, and/or cap stages. We theorize that these genes participate in cell-cell adhesion, cell polarity, and extracellular matrix signaling to support dental epithelium integrity, folding, and epithelial-mesenchymal cross talk during tooth development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Rostampour
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Cassy M Appelt
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Aunum Abid
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Julia C Boughner
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
He Y, Has C. Isolation and Culture of Epidermolysis Bullosa Cells and Organotypic Skin Models. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1993:181-190. [PMID: 31148087 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9473-1_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Isolation and culture of keratinocytes from patients with different types of epidermolysis bullosa are sometimes challenging, because of the inherent adhesion defects of these cells. We routinely employ a well-established protocol for in vitro culture of these cells from small skin samples remaining after diagnostic procedures are performed. Keratinocytes and fibroblast can be used for downstream expression and functional studies or for construction of in vitro organotypic cocultures. These cells maintain main common characteristics of spreading, adhesion, migration, and survival, which depend on the underlying molecular defect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinghong He
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cristina Has
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ting JWC, Kaur S, Ogboli M, Irani K, Jester A. Management of a rare presentation of Kindler disease with digital constriction bands-Case report. Pediatr Dermatol 2018; 35:864-865. [PMID: 30187964 DOI: 10.1111/pde.13674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Kindler disease is a type of epidermolysis bullosa associated with acral blistering, diffuse cutaneous atrophy, poikiloderma, mucosal stenosis, and photosensitivity. This is the first case report in the literature to describe constriction bands associated with Kindler disease causing ischemia of the fingertips requiring urgent release and full-thickness skin grafts. Dermatologists reviewing such patients need to be aware of this condition and refer to a children's hand surgeon early to avoid leaving patients with prolonged periods of pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeannette W C Ting
- Hands and Upper Limb Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sarbjit Kaur
- Hands and Upper Limb Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Malobi Ogboli
- Hands and Upper Limb Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kiri Irani
- Hands and Upper Limb Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Andrea Jester
- Hands and Upper Limb Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kindlin-1 Regulates Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 139:369-379. [PMID: 30248333 PMCID: PMC6345584 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Kindler syndrome is an autosomal recessive genodermatosis that results from mutations in the FERMT1 gene encoding t kindlin-1. Kindlin-1 localizes to focal adhesion and is known to contribute to the activation of integrin receptors. Most cases of Kindler syndrome show a reduction or complete absence of kindlin-1 in keratinocytes, resulting in defective integrin activation, cell adhesion, and migration. However, roles for kindlin-1 beyond integrin activation remain poorly defined. In this study we show that skin and keratinocytes from Kindler syndrome patients have significantly reduced expression levels of the EGFR, resulting in defective EGF-dependent signaling and cell migration. Mechanistically, we show that kindlin-1 can associate directly with EGFR in vitro and in keratinocytes in an EGF-dependent, integrin-independent manner and that formation of this complex is required for EGF-dependent migration. We further show that kindlin-1 acts to protect EGFR from lysosomal-mediated degradation. This shows a new role for kindlin-1 that has implications for understanding Kindler syndrome disease pathology.
Collapse
|
20
|
Shah K, Mehmood S, Jan A, Abbe I, Hussain Ali R, Khan A, Chishti MS, Lee K, Ahmad F, Ansar M, Shahzad S, Nickerson DA, Bamshad MJ, Coucke PJ, Santos-Cortez RLP, Spritz RA, Leal SM, Ahmad W. Sequence variants in nine different genes underlying rare skin disorders in 10 consanguineous families. Int J Dermatol 2018; 56:1406-1413. [PMID: 29130490 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genodermatoses represent genetic anomalies of skin tissues including hair follicles, sebaceous glands, eccrine glands, nails, and teeth. Ten consanguineous families segregating various genodermatosis phenotypes were investigated in the present study. METHODS Homozygosity mapping, exome, and Sanger sequencing were employed to search for the disease-causing variants in the 10 families. RESULTS Exome sequencing identified seven homozygous sequence variants in different families, including: c.27delT in FERMT1; c.836delA in ABHD5; c.2453C>T in ERCC5; c.5314C>T in COL7A1; c.1630C>T in ALOXE3; c.502C>T in PPOX; and c.10G>T in ALDH3A2. Sanger sequencing revealed three homozygous variants: c.1718 + 2A>G in FERMT1; c.10459A>T in FLG; and c.92delT in the KRT14 genes as the underlying genetic cause of skin phenotypes. CONCLUSION This study supports the use of exome sequencing as a powerful, efficient tool for identifying genes that underlie rare monogenic skin disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khadim Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sabba Mehmood
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abid Jan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Izoduwa Abbe
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Raja Hussain Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anwar Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | | | - Kwanghyuk Lee
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Farooq Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ansar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Shaheen Shahzad
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Deborah A Nickerson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michael J Bamshad
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Paul J Coucke
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Regie L P Santos-Cortez
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Richard A Spritz
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Suzanne M Leal
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Constitutional absence of epithelial integrin α3 impacts the composition of the cellular microenvironment of ILNEB keratinocytes. Matrix Biol 2018; 74:62-76. [PMID: 30466509 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Integrin α3β1, a major epidermal adhesion receptor is critical for organization of the basement membrane during development and wound healing. Integrin α3 deficiency leads to interstitial lung disease, nephrotic syndrome and epidermolysis bullosa (ILNEB), an autosomal recessive multiorgan disease characterized by basement membrane abnormalities in skin, lung and kidney. The pathogenetic chains from ITGA3 mutation to tissue abnormalities are still unclear. Although integrin α3 was reported to regulate multiple extracellular proteins, the composition of the extracellular compartment of integrin α3-negative keratinocytes has not been resolved so far. In a comprehensive approach, quantitative proteomics of deposited extracellular matrix, conditioned cultured media as well as of the intracellular compartment of keratinocytes isolated from an ILNEB patient and from normal skin were performed. By mass spectrometry-based proteomics, 167 proteins corresponding to the GO terms "extracellular" and "cell adhesion", or included in the "human matrisome" were identified in the deposited extracellular matrix, and 217 in the conditioned media of normal human keratinocytes. In the absence of integrin α3, 33% and 26% respectively were dysregulated. Dysregulated proteins were functionally related to integrin α3 or were known interaction partners. The results show that in the absence of integrin α3 ILNEB keratinocytes produce a fibronectin-rich microenvironment and make use of fibronectin-binding integrin subunits αv and α5. The most important results were validated in monolayer and organotypic coculture models. Finally, the in vivo relevance of the most dysregulated components was demonstrated by immunostainings of skin, kidney and lung samples of three ILNEB patients.
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhan J, Zhang H. Kindlins: Roles in development and cancer progression. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 98:93-103. [PMID: 29544897 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Kindlins are FERM domain proteins comprising three members (Kindlin-1, -2 and -3) which are evolutionarily conserved. Kindlins bind with β-integrin cytoplasmic tails and execute broad biological functions including directed cell migration, proliferation, differentiation and survival. In light of more and more evidence point to the importance of Kindlin family members in normal development and human diseases especially in cancers, we aim to portrait the profile of Kindlins in the regulation of embryonic development and cancer progression. We first summarize all the known binding proteins for individual member of Kindlin family. We then outline the Kindlin-regulated signaling pathways including Wnt/β-catenin, TGFβ, EGFR, and Hedgehog signalings. Furthermore, we descript the pivotal role of Kindlins in embryonic development in detail with notions that Kindlin-1 is highly expressed in endo/ectodermal originated tissues, Kindlin-2 is highly expressed in mesoderm-derived tissues and Kindlin-3 is highly expressed in mesoderm- and ectoderm-derived tissues. Deregulation of Kindlins is generally reported in cancers from different organs. We also briefly descript the role of Kindlins in other diseases. Finally, we update the recent understanding of how Kindlins are regulated and modified as well as the degradation mechanism of Kindlins, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhan
- Peking University Health Science Center, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- Peking University Health Science Center, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing 100191, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hermann H, Runnel T, Aab A, Baurecht H, Rodriguez E, Magilnick N, Urgard E, Šahmatova L, Prans E, Maslovskaja J, Abram K, Karelson M, Kaldvee B, Reemann P, Haljasorg U, Rückert B, Wawrzyniak P, Weichenthal M, Mrowietz U, Franke A, Gieger C, Barker J, Trembath R, Tsoi LC, Elder JT, Tkaczyk ER, Kisand K, Peterson P, Kingo K, Boldin M, Weidinger S, Akdis CA, Rebane A. miR-146b Probably Assists miRNA-146a in the Suppression of Keratinocyte Proliferation and Inflammatory Responses in Psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:1945-1954. [PMID: 28595995 PMCID: PMC5977389 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
miR-146a inhibits inflammatory responses in human keratinocytes and in different mouse models of skin inflammation. Little is known about the role of miR-146b in the skin. In this study, we confirmed the increased expression of miR-146a and miR-146b (miR-146a/b) in the lesional skin of patients with psoriasis. The expression of miR-146a was approximately twofold higher than that of miR-146b in healthy human skin, and it was more strongly induced by stimulation of proinflammatory cytokines in keratinocytes and fibroblasts. miR-146a/b target genes regulating inflammatory responses or proliferation were altered in the skin of patients with psoriasis, among which FERMT1 was verified as a direct target of miR-146a. In silico analysis of genome-wide data from >4,000 psoriasis cases and >8,000 controls confirmed a moderate association between psoriasis and genetic variants in the miR-146a encoding gene. Transfection of miR-146a/b suppressed and inhibition enhanced keratinocyte proliferation and the expression of psoriasis-related target genes. Enhanced expression of miR-146a/b-influenced genes was detected in cultured keratinocytes from miR-146a-/- and skin fibroblasts from miR-146a-/- and miR-146b-/- mice stimulated with psoriasis-associated cytokines as compared with wild-type mice. Our results indicate that besides miR-146a, miR-146b is expressed and might be capable of modulation of inflammatory responses and keratinocyte proliferation in psoriatic skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Hermann
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Toomas Runnel
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Alar Aab
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Hansjörg Baurecht
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Elke Rodriguez
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Nathaniel Magilnick
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Egon Urgard
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Liisi Šahmatova
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Dermatology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ele Prans
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Julia Maslovskaja
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kristi Abram
- Dermatology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maire Karelson
- Dermatology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Bret Kaldvee
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Dermatology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Paula Reemann
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Uku Haljasorg
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Beate Rückert
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Paulina Wawrzyniak
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Michael Weichenthal
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ulrich Mrowietz
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jonathan Barker
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, London, UK; St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Richard Trembath
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Lam C Tsoi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - James T Elder
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Eric R Tkaczyk
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kai Kisand
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Pärt Peterson
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Külli Kingo
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Dermatology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mark Boldin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Stephan Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Ana Rebane
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Emmert H, Patel H, Brunton VG. Kindlin-1 protects cells from oxidative damage through activation of ERK signalling. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 108:896-903. [PMID: 28501563 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Kindlin-1 is a FERM domain containing adaptor protein that is found predominantly at cell-extracellular matrix adhesions where it binds to β-integrin subunits and is required for integrin activation. Loss of function mutations in the FERMT1 gene which encodes Kindlin-1 leads to the development of Kindler Syndrome (KS) an autosomal recessive skin disorder characterized by skin blistering, photosensitivity, and predisposition to aggressive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Here we show that loss of Kindlin-1 sensitizes both SCC cells and keratinocytes to oxidative stress: Kindlin-1 deficient cells have higher levels of reactive oxygen species, decreased viability and increased DNA damage after treatment with either hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or irradiation with UVA. We show that Kindlin-1 is required to fully activate ERK signalling after oxidative damage, and that activation of ERK protects cells from DNA damage following oxidative stress: inhibition of ERK activation sensitizes Kindlin-1 expressing cells, but not Kindlin-1 deficient cells to oxidative stress. Finally we demonstrate that the Kindlin-1 dependent activation of ERK and protection from DNA damage following oxidative stress depends on the ability of Kindlin-1 to bind integrins. Thus loss of Kindlin-1 leads to an imbalance in the cellular oxidative state, which renders Kindlin-1 deficient cells more prone to the effects of ROS generated in response to oxidative stress. We propose that Kindlin-1 dependent activation of ERK signalling is a key molecular mechanism that renders KS keratinocytes more sensitive to oxidative damage and contributes to the increased photosensitivity in KS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hila Emmert
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Hitesh Patel
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Valerie G Brunton
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Maier K, He Y, Wölfle U, Esser PR, Brummer T, Schempp C, Bruckner-Tuderman L, Has C. UV-B-induced cutaneous inflammation and prospects for antioxidant treatment in Kindler syndrome. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 25:5339-5352. [PMID: 27798104 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Kindler syndrome (KS), a rare, autosomal recessive disorder comprises mechanical skin fragility and photosensitivity, which manifest early in life. The progression of the disorder is irreversible and results in tissue damage in form of cutaneous and mucosal atrophy and scarring and epithelial cancers. Here, we unravel molecular mechanisms of increased UV-B sensitivity of keratinocytes derived from KS patients. We show that the pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1ß, IL-6 and TNF-α, are upregulated in KS skin and in UV-B irradiated KS keratinocytes. These cytokines are dependent on p38 activation, which is increased in the absence of kindlin-1 and induced by higher ROS levels. Other dysregulated cytokines and growth factors were identified in this study and might be involved in paracrine interactions contributing to KS pathology. We show a direct relationship between kindlin-1 abundance and UV-B induced apoptosis in keratinocytes, whereas kindlin-2 overexpression has no compensatory effect. Importantly, low levels of kindlin-1 are sufficient to relieve or rescue this feature. Reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and of UV-B induced apoptosis is a valid therapeutic goal to influence long term complications of KS. Here, we demonstrate that antioxidants and the plant flavonoid luteolin represent feasible topical therapeutic approaches decreasing UV-B induced apoptosis in two-dimensional and organotypic KS cultures. We provide evidence for potential new therapeutic approaches to mitigate the progressive course of KS, for which no cure is available to date. Furthermore, we established organotypic KS models, a valuable in vitro tool for research with a morphology similar to the skin of patients in situ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Maier
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yinghong He
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ute Wölfle
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philipp R Esser
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tilman Brummer
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research.,Centre for Biological Signalling Studies BIOSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Schempp
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Leena Bruckner-Tuderman
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Centre for Biological Signalling Studies BIOSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cristina Has
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Shen C, Sun L, Zhu N, Qi F. Kindlin-1 contributes to EGF-induced re-epithelialization in skin wound healing. Int J Mol Med 2017; 39:949-959. [PMID: 28290610 PMCID: PMC5360437 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.2911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The commercial use of epidermal growth factor (EGF) is extensive and has been shown to be effective for skin wound healing in clinical practice. There is evidence to indicate that the topical administration of EGF significantly accelerates re-epithelialization by promoting keratinocyte mitogenesis and migration following acute injury; however, the mechanisms involved remain to be elucidated. Thus, in this study, we focused on Kindlin-1, a four-point-one, ezrin, radixin, moesin (FERM)-domain-containing adaptor protein, and report its contribution to EGF-induced re-epithelialization in skin wound healing. In tissue samples, the expression of Kindlin-1 was induced upon EGF treatment compared to that in the natural healing group. In immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells), we further proved that Kindlin-1 was necessary for mediating EGF-induced activation signals, including integrin β1 activation, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation and actin re-organization, which finally led to enhanced cell proliferation and migration. These results indicate that Kindlin-1 is essential in EGF-induced re-epithelialization in skin wound healing and provide additional rationale for the clinical application of EGF in the treatment of acute wounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Shen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Linlin Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Ningwen Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Fazhi Qi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhang X, Luo S, Wu J, Zhang L, Wang WH, Degan S, Erdmann D, Hall R, Zhang JY. KIND1 Loss Sensitizes Keratinocytes to UV-Induced Inflammatory Response and DNA Damage. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:475-483. [PMID: 27725201 PMCID: PMC5258776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Loss of function of KIND1, a cytoskeletal protein involved in β1-integrin function, causes Kindler syndrome, a genetic disease characterized by skin fragility, photosensitivity, and increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma. Dysregulation of β1-integrin underlies Kindler syndrome skin fragility. However, the mechanisms underlying squamous cell carcinoma susceptibility are unclear. Here, we demonstrate that gene silencing of KIND1 decreased keratinocyte proliferation and increased apoptosis in vitro and in skin grafts regenerated on mice, which was correlated with reduced cyclinB1. In addition, KIND1 loss sensitized keratinocytes to cytokine and UV-induced NF-κB and c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation and upregulation of CXCL10 and tumor necrosis factor-α. Moreover, KIND1 loss impaired DNA repair, as indicated by the increased detection of γH2AX and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers 24 hours after UVB radiation. Genetic or pharmacological c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibition and NF-κB inhibition markedly reduced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers-positive cells. Further, we show that KIND1 was regulated by JunB at the transcriptional level and, like JunB, it was downregulated in human squamous cell carcinoma cells. Together, these results indicate that KIND1 is important not only for keratinocyte proliferation but also for the suppression of UV-induced inflammation and DNA damage. These latter findings support a tumor suppressor function for KIND1, and identify c-Jun N-terminal kinase and NF-κB as potential therapeutic targets for prevention of squamous cell carcinoma in patients with Kindler syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Suju Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Joseph Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Long Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Dermatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Wen-Hui Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Simone Degan
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Center of Molecular and Biomolecular Imaging, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Detlev Erdmann
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic, Reconstructive, Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Russell Hall
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jennifer Y Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Smolyannikova VA, Kubanova AA, Albanova VI, Nefedova MA, Karamova AE. [Current approaches to the morphologic diagnosis of different types of congenital epidermolysis bullosa]. Arkh Patol 2017; 78:9-16. [PMID: 28139597 DOI: 10.17116/patol20167869-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Congenital epidermolysis bullosa (CEB) is an extensive group of hereditary skin diseases, the differential diagnosis of which is a challenge due to the rarity of this pathology and the diversity of its clinical manifestations. The determination of the type of CEB makes it possible to estimate its prognosis and to facilitate a prenatal diagnosis. AIM to optimize the morphological diagnosis of different types of CEB. MATERIAL AND METHODS 28 skin biopsies from 14 patients with different types of CEB were investigated. The investigators performed routine histological examination of skin fragments taken from a bullous area and immunofluorescence antigen mapping using the indirect immunofluorescence test (IIFT) with antibodies against structural proteins of the dermal-epidermal junction (laminin α3, β3, and γ2 chains, keratins 5 and 14, types VII and XVII collagen, α6 and β4 integrin subunits, desmoplakin, plectin, kindlin-1, and plakophillin) of the apparently unaffected skin. The intact skin of healthy individuals, which had been obtained during cosmetic operations, was used as controls in IIFT. RESULTS Immunofluorescence antigen mapping could determine the type of CEB in all cases and in 86% of cases identify the protein, the impaired production of which was responsible for the development of the disease. CONCLUSION Immunofluorescence antigen mapping is an integral part of the comprehensive morphological diagnosis of CEB, acting as an intermediate between the morphological verification of CEB diagnosis and the targeted search for mutations by a molecular genetic method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V A Smolyannikova
- State Research Center for Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Kubanova
- State Research Center for Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - V I Albanova
- State Research Center for Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - M A Nefedova
- State Research Center for Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - A E Karamova
- State Research Center for Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Rognoni E, Ruppert R, Fässler R. The kindlin family: functions, signaling properties and implications for human disease. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:17-27. [PMID: 26729028 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.161190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The kindlin (or fermitin) family of proteins comprises three members (kindlin-1,-2 and -3) of evolutionarily conserved focal adhesion (FA) proteins, whose best-known task is to increase integrin affinity for a ligand (also referred as integrin activation) through binding of β-integrin tails. The consequence of kindlin-mediated integrin activation and integrin-ligand binding is cell adhesion, spreading and migration, assembly of the extracellular matrix (ECM), cell survival, proliferation and differentiation. Another hallmark of kindlins is their involvement in disease. Mutations in the KINDLIN-1 (also known as FERMT1) gene cause Kindler syndrome (KS)--in which mainly skin and intestine are affected, whereas mutations in the KINDLIN-3 (also known as FERMT3) gene cause leukocyte adhesion deficiency type III (LAD III), which is characterized by impaired extravasation of blood effector cells and severe, spontaneous bleedings. Also, aberrant expression of kindlins in various forms of cancer and in tissue fibrosis has been reported. Although the malfunctioning of integrins represent a major cause leading to kindlin-associated diseases, increasing evidence also point to integrin-independent functions of kindlins that play an important role in the pathogenesis of certain disease aspects. Furthermore, isoform-specific kindlin functions have been discovered, explaining, for example, why loss of kindlins differentially affects tissue stem cell homeostasis or tumor development. This Commentary focuses on new and isoform-specific kindlin functions in different tissues and discusses their potential role in disease development and progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Rognoni
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried 82152, Germany
| | - Raphael Ruppert
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried 82152, Germany
| | - Reinhard Fässler
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried 82152, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gao Y, Bai JL, Liu XY, Qu YJ, Cao YY, Wang JC, Jin YW, Wang H, Song F. A novel large deletion mutation of FERMT1 gene in a Chinese patient with Kindler syndrome. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2016; 16:957-62. [PMID: 26537214 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1500080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Kindler syndrome (KS; OMIM 173650) is a rare autosomal recessive skin disorder, which results in symptoms including blistering, epidermal atrophy, increased risk of cancer, and poor wound healing. The majority of mutations of the disease-determining gene (FERMT1 gene) are single nucleotide substitutions, including missense mutations, nonsense mutations, etc. Large deletion mutations are seldom reported. To determine the mutation in the FERMT1 gene associated with a 7-year-old Chinese patient who presented clinical manifestation of KS, we performed direct sequencing of all the exons of FERMT1 gene. For the exons 2-6 without amplicons, we analyzed the copy numbers using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) with specific primers. The deletion breakpoints were sublocalized and the range of deletion was confirmed by PCR and direct sequencing. In this study, we identified a new 17-kb deletion mutation spanning the introns 1-6 of FERMT1 gene in a Chinese patient with severe KS phenotypes. Her parents were carriers of the same mutation. Our study reported a newly identified large deletion mutation of FERMT1 gene involved in KS, which further enriched the mutation spectrum of the FERMT1 gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gao
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jin-li Bai
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Xiao-yan Liu
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yu-jin Qu
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yan-yan Cao
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jian-cai Wang
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yu-wei Jin
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Fang Song
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Liu CC, Cai DL, Sun F, Wu ZH, Yue B, Zhao SL, Wu XS, Zhang M, Zhu XW, Peng ZH, Yan DW. FERMT1 mediates epithelial-mesenchymal transition to promote colon cancer metastasis via modulation of β-catenin transcriptional activity. Oncogene 2016; 36:1779-1792. [PMID: 27641329 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that fermitin family member 1 (FERMT1) was significantly overexpressed in colon cancer (CC) and associated with poor metastasis-free survival. This study aimed to investigate the precise role of FERMT1 in CC metastasis and the mechanism by which FERMT1 is involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Correlations between FERMT1 and EMT markers (E-cadherin, Slug, N-cadherin and β-catenin) were examined via immunohistochemistry in a cohort of CC tissues and adjacent normal colon mucosae. A series of in vitro and in vivo assays were performed to elucidate the function of FERMT1 in CC metastasis and underlying mechanisms. The upregulated expression of FERMT1 in CC tissues correlated positively with that of Slug, N-cadherin and β-catenin, but correlated inversely with E-cadherin expression. Altered FERMT1 expression led to marked changes in the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT markers of CC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Investigations of underlying mechanisms found that FERMT1 interacted directly with β-catenin and activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by decreasing the phosphorylation level of β-catenin, enhancing β-catenin nuclear translocation and increasing the transcriptional activity of β-catenin/TCF/LEF. Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by CHIR99021 reversed the effect of FERMT1 knockdown, whereas inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by XAV939 impaired the effect of FERMT1 overexpression on EMT and cell motility. In conclusion, findings of this study suggest that FERMT1 activates the β-catenin transcriptional activity to promote EMT in CC metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C-C Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - D-L Cai
- Department of Drug allocation center, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - F Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Z-H Wu
- Department of Hapatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - B Yue
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - S-L Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - X-S Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - M Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - X-W Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Z-H Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - D-W Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhang G, Gu Y, Begum R, Chen H, Gao X, McGrath JA, Parsons M, Song B. Kindlin-1 Regulates Keratinocyte Electrotaxis. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:2229-2239. [PMID: 27427485 PMCID: PMC5756539 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.05.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Kindler syndrome (KS) is an autosomal recessive blistering skin disease resulting from pathogenic mutations in FERMT1. This gene encodes kindlin-1, a focal adhesion protein involved in activation of the integrin family of extracellular matrix receptors. Most cases of KS show a marked reduction or complete absence of the kindlin-1 protein in keratinocytes, resulting in defective cell adhesion and migration. Electric fields also act as intrinsic regulators of adhesion and migration in the skin, but the molecular mechanisms by which this occurs are poorly understood. Here we show that keratinocytes derived from KS patients are unable to undergo electrotaxis, and this defect is restored by overexpression of wild-type kindlin-1 but not a W612A mutation that prevents kindlin-integrin binding. Moreover, deletion of the pleckstrin homology domain of kindlin-1 also failed to rescue electrotaxis in KS cells, indicating that both integrin and lipid binding are required for this function. Kindlin-1 was also required for the maintenance of lamellipodial protrusions during electrotaxis via electric field-activated β1 integrin. Indeed, inhibition of β1 integrins also leads to loss of electrotaxis in keratinocytes. Our data suggest that loss of kindlin-1 function may therefore result in epithelial insensitivity to electric fields and contribute to KS disease pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Yu Gu
- School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Rumena Begum
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Hongduo Chen
- Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinghua Gao
- Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - John A McGrath
- St. Johns Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guys Campus, London, UK
| | - Maddy Parsons
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Kings College London, London, UK.
| | - Bing Song
- Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Youssefian L, Vahidnezhad H, Saeidian AH, Ahmadizadeh K, Has C, Uitto J. Kindler syndrome, an orphan disease of cell/matrix adhesion in the skin – molecular genetics and therapeutic opportunities. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2016.1207519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
34
|
Maier K, He Y, Esser PR, Thriene K, Sarca D, Kohlhase J, Dengjel J, Martin L, Has C. Single Amino Acid Deletion in Kindlin-1 Results in Partial Protein Degradation Which Can Be Rescued by Chaperone Treatment. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:920-929. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2015.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
35
|
Chen L, Wang T, Wang Y, Zhang J, Qi Y, Weng H, Kang Q, Guo X, Baines AJ, Mohandas N, An X. Protein 4.1G Regulates Cell Adhesion, Spreading, and Migration of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts through the β1 Integrin Pathway. J Biol Chem 2015; 291:2170-80. [PMID: 26644476 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.658591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein 4.1G is a membrane skeletal protein that can serve as an adapter between transmembrane proteins and the underlying membrane skeleton. The function of 4.1G remains largely unexplored. Here, using 4.1G knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) as a model system, we explored the function of 4.1G in motile cells. We show that the adhesion, spreading, and migration of 4.1G(-/-) MEF cells are impaired significantly. We further show that, although the total cellular expression of β1 integrin is unchanged, the surface expression of β1 integrin and its active form are decreased significantly in 4.1G(-/-) MEF cells. Moreover, the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase, a downstream component of the integrin-mediated signal transduction pathway, is suppressed in 4.1G(-/-) MEF cells. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments and in vitro binding assays showed that 4.1G binds directly to β1 integrin via its membrane-binding domain. These findings identified a novel role of 4.1G in cell adhesion, spreading, and migration in MEF cells by modulating the surface expression of β1 integrin and subsequent downstream signal transduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lixiang Chen
- From the College of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Science Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, China, the Red Cell Physiology Laboratory and
| | - Ting Wang
- From the College of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Science Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yaomei Wang
- From the College of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Science Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jingxin Zhang
- From the College of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Science Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuanming Qi
- From the College of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Science Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Haibo Weng
- From the College of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Science Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, China, Membrane Biology Laboratory, New York Blood Center, New York, New York 10065, and
| | - Qiaozhen Kang
- From the College of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Science Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | | | - Anthony J Baines
- the School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, United Kingdom
| | | | - Xiuli An
- From the College of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Science Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, China, Membrane Biology Laboratory, New York Blood Center, New York, New York 10065, and
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Maheshwari A, Dhaked DR, Mathur DK, Bhargava P. Kindler syndrome with palmoplantar hyperhidrosis and blonde hair. Indian Dermatol Online J 2015; 6:330-2. [PMID: 26500863 PMCID: PMC4594392 DOI: 10.4103/2229-5178.164482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Kindler syndrome (KS) is a very rare genodermatosis characterized by acral blistering starting in infancy along with photosensitivity, progressive poikiloderma, cutaneous atrophy, and a variable degree of mucosal involvement. A large number of other cutaneous and extracutaneous features have been described, which aid in diagnosing it. Generally KS has been found to be associated with hypohidrosis/anhidrosis. We herein present a rare case of KS with unique features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anshul Maheshwari
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Daulat Ram Dhaked
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Deepak K Mathur
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Puneet Bhargava
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Park EJ, Yuki Y, Kiyono H, Shimaoka M. Structural basis of blocking integrin activation and deactivation for anti-inflammation. J Biomed Sci 2015; 22:51. [PMID: 26152212 PMCID: PMC4495637 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-015-0159-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins mediate leukocyte accumulation to the sites of inflammation, thereby enhancing their potential as an important therapeutic target for inflammatory disorders. Integrin activation triggered by inflammatory mediators or signaling pathway is a key step to initiate leukocyte migration to inflamed tissues; however, an appropriately regulated integrin deactivation is indispensable for maintaining productive leukocyte migration. While typical integrin antagonists that block integrin activation target the initiation of leukocyte migration, a novel class of experimental compounds has been designed to block integrin deactivation, thereby perturbing the progression of cell migration. Current review discusses the mechanisms by which integrin is activated and subsequently deactivated by focusing on its structure-function relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jeong Park
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, 514-8507, Japan. .,Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
| | - Yoshikazu Yuki
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan. .,International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
| | - Motomu Shimaoka
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, 514-8507, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Has C, Nyström A. Epidermal Basement Membrane in Health and Disease. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2015; 76:117-70. [PMID: 26610913 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Skin, as the organ protecting the individual from environmental aggressions, constantly meets external insults and is dependent on mechanical toughness for its preserved function. Accordingly, the epidermal basement membrane (BM) zone has adapted to enforce tissue integrity. It harbors anchoring structures created through unique organization of common BM components and expression of proteins exclusive to the epidermal BM zone. Evidence for the importance of its correct assembly and the nonredundancy of its components for skin integrity is apparent from the multiple skin blistering disorders caused by mutations in genes coding for proteins associated with the epidermal BM and from autoimmune disorders in which autoantibodies target these molecules. However, it has become clear that these proteins not only provide mechanical support but are also critically involved in tissue homeostasis, repair, and regeneration. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the unique organization and components of the epidermal BM. A special focus will be given to its function during regeneration, and in inherited and acquired diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Has
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Nyström
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yalcin EG, He Y, Orhan D, Pazzagli C, Emiralioglu N, Has C. Crucial role of posttranslational modifications of integrin α3 in interstitial lung disease and nephrotic syndrome. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:3679-88. [PMID: 25810266 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Interstitial lung disease, nephrotic syndrome and junctional epidermolysis bullosa is an autosomal recessive multiorgan disorder caused by mutations in the gene for the integrin α3 subunit (ITGA3). The full spectrum of manifestations and genotype-phenotype correlations is still poorly characterized. Here, we uncovered the disease-causing role and the molecular mechanisms underlying a homozygous ITGA3 mutation leading to the single amino acid substitution, p.R463W. The patient suffered from respiratory distress and episodes of cyanosis with onset in the first week of life and had a nephrotic syndrome. Although there was no clinical evidence for cutaneous fragility, the analysis of a skin sample and of skin epithelial cells enabled the direct assessment of the authentic mutant protein. We show that the mutation altered the conformation of the extracellular β-propeller domain of the integrin α3 subunit preventing correct processing of N-linked oligosaccharides, heterodimerization with β1 integrin and maturation through cleavage into heavy and light chains in the Golgi. Confocal microscopy demonstrated that the mutant protein accumulated intracellularly, but it was not present in focal adhesions or on the cell membrane as shown by flow cytometry. These findings highlight that single amino acid changes in the integrin α3 subunit may crucially alter the structure and complex processing of this integrin, completely preventing its functionality. The present report also underscores that ITGA3 mutations may account for atypical cases solely with early onset respiratory and renal involvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yinghong He
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany and
| | - Diclehan Orhan
- Department of Pediatric Pathology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Chiara Pazzagli
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany and Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Cristina Has
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany and
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ma HX, Shu QH, Pan JJ, Liu D, Xu GL, Li JS, Ma JL, Jia WD, Yv JH, Ge YS. Expression of Kindlin-1 in human hepatocellular carcinoma and its prognostic significance. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:4235-41. [PMID: 25592379 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3060-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Kindlin-1 is a member of the Kindlin family of focal adhesion proteins and is implicated in cell adhesion, proliferation, polarity, and motility. Although expression of Kindlin-1 has recently been reported in a variety of human cancers, studies on its expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are currently lacking. This study aimed to determine the clinicopathological parameters and prognostic value of Kindlin-1 in HCC patients after surgical resection. The messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels of Kindlin-1 in 22 matched HCC specimens were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting assays. The clinical and prognostic significance of Kindlin-1 in 68 cases of HCC was determined by immunohistochemistry. Kindlin-1 expression was higher in HCC tumor tissues relative to that in adjacent normal tissue at the both mRNA and protein levels (p < 0.05). Immunohistochemical results revealed that overexpression of Kindlin-1 was detected in 37 of 68 (54.4 %) tumor tissues and in seven of 68 (10.3 %) adjacent non-tumor tissues (p < 0.05). Positive Kindlin-1 expression was significantly correlated with tumor size, tumor capsula, status of metastasis, and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage. Additionally, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that positive Kindlin-1 expression was associated with unfavorable overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Multivariate analysis identified Kindlin-1 as an independent prognostic predictor for OS and DFS in HCC patients (p = 0.041 and 0.027, respectively). Taken together, our data suggest that Kindlin-1 could play an important role in HCC and might serve as a promising prognostic marker and potential target for HCC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Xing Ma
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Department of Hepatic Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, No. 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zapatero-Solana E, García-Giménez JL, Guerrero-Aspizua S, García M, Toll A, Baselga E, Durán-Moreno M, Markovic J, García-Verdugo JM, Conti CJ, Has C, Larcher F, Pallardó FV, Del Rio M. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in Kindler syndrome. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2014; 9:211. [PMID: 25528446 PMCID: PMC4302591 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-014-0211-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Kindler Syndrome (KS) is an autosomal recessive skin disorder characterized by skin blistering, photosensitivity, premature aging, and propensity to skin cancer. In spite of the knowledge underlying cause of this disease involving mutations of FERMT1 (fermitin family member 1), and efforts to characterize genotype-phenotype correlations, the clinical variability of this genodermatosis is still poorly understood. In addition, several pathognomonic features of KS, not related to skin fragility such as aging, inflammation and cancer predisposition have been strongly associated with oxidative stress. Alterations of the cellular redox status have not been previously studied in KS. Here we explored the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of this rare cutaneous disease. Methods Patient-derived keratinocytes and their respective controls were cultured and classified according to their different mutations by PCR and western blot, the oxidative stress biomarkers were analyzed by spectrophotometry and qPCR and additionally redox biosensors experiments were also performed. The mitochondrial structure and functionality were analyzed by confocal microscopy and electron microscopy. Results Patient-derived keratinocytes showed altered levels of several oxidative stress biomarkers including MDA (malondialdehyde), GSSG/GSH ratio (oxidized and reduced glutathione) and GCL (gamma-glutamyl cysteine ligase) subunits. Electron microscopy analysis of both, KS skin biopsies and keratinocytes showed marked morphological mitochondrial abnormalities. Consistently, confocal microscopy studies of mitochondrial fluorescent probes confirmed the mitochondrial derangement. Imbalance of oxidative stress biomarkers together with abnormalities in the mitochondrial network and function are consistent with a pro-oxidant state. Conclusions This is the first study to describe mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress involvement in KS. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13023-014-0211-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Zapatero-Solana
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Valencia, Spain. .,Regenerative Medicine Unit. Departament of Basic Research, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain. .,Department of Bioengineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M), Madrid, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jose Luis García-Giménez
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Valencia, Spain. .,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. .,Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Instituto de Investigación INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Sara Guerrero-Aspizua
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Valencia, Spain. .,Regenerative Medicine Unit. Departament of Basic Research, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain. .,Department of Bioengineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M), Madrid, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marta García
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Valencia, Spain. .,Regenerative Medicine Unit. Departament of Basic Research, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain. .,Department of Bioengineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M), Madrid, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Agustí Toll
- Servei de Dermatologia, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Cancer Research Program, IMIM (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Eulalia Baselga
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria Durán-Moreno
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología Comparada, Instituto Cavanilles, Universidad de Valencia, CIBERNED, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Jelena Markovic
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Valencia, Spain. .,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. .,Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Instituto de Investigación INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Jose Manuel García-Verdugo
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología Comparada, Instituto Cavanilles, Universidad de Valencia, CIBERNED, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Claudio J Conti
- Department of Bioengineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M), Madrid, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Cristina Has
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Centre-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Fernando Larcher
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Valencia, Spain. .,Regenerative Medicine Unit. Departament of Basic Research, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain. .,Department of Bioengineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M), Madrid, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Federico V Pallardó
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Valencia, Spain. .,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. .,Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Instituto de Investigación INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Marcela Del Rio
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Valencia, Spain. .,Regenerative Medicine Unit. Departament of Basic Research, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain. .,Department of Bioengineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M), Madrid, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Has C, Chmel N, Levati L, Neri I, Sonnenwald T, Pigors M, Godbole K, Dudhbhate A, Bruckner-Tuderman L, Zambruno G, Castiglia D. FERMT1 promoter mutations in patients with Kindler syndrome. Clin Genet 2014; 88:248-54. [PMID: 25156791 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the FERMT1 gene, encoding the focal adhesion protein kindlin-1 underlie the Kindler syndrome (KS), an autosomal recessive skin disorder with a phenotype comprising skin blistering, photosensitivity, progressive poikiloderma with extensive skin atrophy, and propensity to skin cancer. The FERMT1 mutational spectrum comprises gross genomic deletions, splice site, nonsense, and frameshift mutations, which are scattered over the coding region spanning exon 2-15. We now report three KS families with mutations affecting the promoter region of FERMT1. Two of these mutations are large deletions (∼38.0 and 1.9 kb in size) and one is a single nucleotide variant (c.-20A>G) within the 5' untranslated region (UTR). Each mutation resulted in loss of gene expression in patient skin or cultured keratinocytes. Reporter assays showed the functional relevance of the genomic regions deleted in our patients for FERMT1 gene transcription and proved the causal role of the c.-20A>G variant in reducing transcriptional activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Has
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - N Chmel
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - L Levati
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - I Neri
- Department of Specialised, Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - T Sonnenwald
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - M Pigors
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - K Godbole
- Divisions of Genetics and Dermatology, Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital & Center Erandawane, Pune, India
| | - A Dudhbhate
- Divisions of Genetics and Dermatology, Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital & Center Erandawane, Pune, India
| | - L Bruckner-Tuderman
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - G Zambruno
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - D Castiglia
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Winograd-Katz SE, Fässler R, Geiger B, Legate KR. The integrin adhesome: from genes and proteins to human disease. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2014; 15:273-88. [PMID: 24651544 DOI: 10.1038/nrm3769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 440] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The adhesive interactions of cells with their environment through the integrin family of transmembrane receptors have key roles in regulating multiple aspects of cellular physiology, including cell proliferation, viability, differentiation and migration. Consequently, failure to establish functional cell adhesions, and thus the assembly of associated cytoplasmic scaffolding and signalling networks, can have severe pathological effects. The roles of specific constituents of integrin-mediated adhesions, which are collectively known as the 'integrin adhesome', in diverse pathological states are becoming clear. Indeed, the prominence of mutations in specific adhesome molecules in various human diseases is now appreciated, and experimental as well as in silico approaches provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying these pathological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabina E Winograd-Katz
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Reinhard Fässler
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Benjamin Geiger
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Kyle R Legate
- 1] Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany. [2] Center for Nanosciences, Department of Applied Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 80799 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
He Y, Sonnenwald T, Sprenger A, Hansen U, Dengjel J, Bruckner-Tuderman L, Schmidt G, Has C. RhoA activation by CNFy restores cell-cell adhesion in kindlin-2-deficient keratinocytes. J Pathol 2014; 233:269-80. [PMID: 24615351 DOI: 10.1002/path.4350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Kindlins are a family of integrin adapter and cell-matrix adhesion proteins causally linked to human genetic disorders. Kindlin-2 is a ubiquitously expressed protein with manifold functions and interactions. The contribution of kindlin-2 to integrin-based cell-matrix adhesions has been extensively explored, while other integrin-independent roles emerge. Because of the early involvement of kindlin-2 in development, no viable animal models with its constitutional knockout are available to study its physiological functions in adult skin. Here, we uncovered a critical physiological role of kindlin-2 in the epidermis by using a skin-equivalent model with shRNA-mediated knock-down of kindlin-2 in keratinocytes. Kindlin-2-deficient keratinocytes built stratified epidermal layers, but displayed impaired dermal-epidermal and intra-epidermal adhesion and barrier function. Co-immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated that kindlin-2 interacts with both integrin- and cadherin-based adhesions. In kindlin-2-deficient keratinocytes, reduced cell-cell adhesion was associated with abnormal cytoplasmic distribution of adherens junctions and desmosomal proteins, which was dependent on RhoA activation. Direct activation of RhoA with recombinant bacterial cytotoxic necrotizing factor y (CNFy) reverted the abnormal phenotype and barrier function of kindlin-2-deficient keratinocytes and skin equivalents. These findings have physiological and pathological significance, since kindlin-2 expression modulates the phenotype in Kindler syndrome, a skin fragility disorder caused by kindlin-1 deficiency. Our results suggest that pharmacological regulation of RhoGTPase activity may represent a therapeutic option for skin fragility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinghong He
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Centre-University of Freiburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Pigors M, Schwieger-Briel A, Leppert J, Kiritsi D, Kohlhase J, Bruckner-Tuderman L, Has C. Molecular Heterogeneity of Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex: Contribution of EXPH5 Mutations. J Invest Dermatol 2014; 134:842-845. [DOI: 10.1038/jid.2013.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
46
|
Abstract
Integrins are heterodimeric cell surface adhesion receptors essential for multicellular life. They connect cells to the extracellular environment and transduce chemical and mechanical signals to and from the cell. Intracellular proteins that bind the integrin cytoplasmic tail regulate integrin engagement of extracellular ligands as well as integrin localization and trafficking. Cytoplasmic integrin-binding proteins also function downstream of integrins, mediating links to the cytoskeleton and to signaling cascades that impact cell motility, growth, and survival. Here, we review key integrin-interacting proteins and their roles in regulating integrin activity, localization, and signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Morse
- Department of Cell Biology and ‡Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine , 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Bedal KB, Grässel S, Oefner PJ, Reinders J, Reichert TE, Bauer R. Collagen XVI induces expression of MMP9 via modulation of AP-1 transcription factors and facilitates invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86777. [PMID: 24466237 PMCID: PMC3900656 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagen XVI belongs to the family of fibril-associated collagens with interrupted triple helices (FACIT). It is overexpressed during the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The present data show a strong collagen XVI-dependent induction of MMP9 and an increase in OSCC cell invasion. We found activated integrin-linked kinase (ILK) in a complex with kindlin-1 and activation of protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) to be responsible for MMP9 induction. Inhibition of the formation of focal adhesions reduced MMP9 expression. Moreover, collagen XVI overexpressing OSCC cell clones (COLXVI cell clones) transfected with vectors containing different MMP9 promoter fragments adjacent to a luciferase reporter revealed an increase in luciferase signal dependent on AP-1 binding sites. Deletion of the AP-1 binding site 98 bp upstream of the reported transcription start site and inhibition of AP-1 with Tanshinone IIA resulted in decreased MMP9 expression. The AP-1 subunit JunB showed differential expression between COLXVI cell clones and mock control cells. Additionally, mass spectrometric analysis of immunoprecipitates revealed that c-Fos interacted strongly with dyskerin in COLXVI cell clones compared to mock controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konstanze B. Bedal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, BioPark I, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Grässel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Experimental Orthopaedics, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, BioPark I, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter J. Oefner
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Joerg Reinders
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Torsten E. Reichert
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Richard Bauer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, BioPark I, Regensburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Hegde S, Raghavan S. A Skin-depth Analysis of Integrins: Role of the Integrin Network in Health and Disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 20:155-69. [DOI: 10.3109/15419061.2013.854334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
49
|
Schachtner H, Calaminus SDJ, Thomas SG, Machesky LM. Podosomes in adhesion, migration, mechanosensing and matrix remodeling. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2013; 70:572-89. [PMID: 23804547 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cells use various actin-based motile structures to allow them to move across and through matrix of varying density and composition. Podosomes are actin cytoskeletal structures that form in motile cells and that mediate adhesion to substrate, migration, and other specialized functions such as transmigration through cell and matrix barriers. The podosome is a unique and interesting entity, which appears in the light microscope as an individual punctum, but is linked to other podosomes like a node on a network of the underlying cytoskeleton. Here, we discuss the signals that control podosome assembly and dynamics in different cell types and the actin organising proteins that regulate both the inner actin core and integrin-rich surrounding ring structures. We review the structure and composition of podosomes and also their functions in various cell types of both myeloid and endothelial lineage. We also discuss the emerging idea that podosomes can sense matrix stiffness and enable cells to respond to their environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Schachtner
- CRUK Beatson Institute for Cancer Research and College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow University, Garscube Campus, Switchback Rd., Bearsden, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Duperret EK, Ridky TW. Focal adhesion complex proteins in epidermis and squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Cycle 2013; 12:3272-85. [PMID: 24036537 DOI: 10.4161/cc.26385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesions (FAs) are large, integrin-containing, multi-protein assemblies spanning the plasma membrane that link the cellular cytoskeleton to surrounding extracellular matrix. They play critical roles in adhesion and cell signaling and are major regulators of epithelial homeostasis, tissue response to injury, and tumorigenesis. Most integrin subunits and their associated FA proteins are expressed in skin, and murine genetic models have provided insight into the functional roles of FAs in normal and neoplastic epidermis. Here, we discuss the roles of these proteins in normal epidermal proliferation, adhesion, wound healing, and cancer. While many downstream signaling mechanisms remain unclear, the critically important roles of FAs are highlighted by the development of therapeutics targeting FAs for human cancer.
Collapse
|