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Pahwa S, Bhowmick M, Amar S, Cao J, Strongin AY, Fridman R, Weiss SJ, Fields GB. Characterization and regulation of MT1-MMP cell surface-associated activity. Chem Biol Drug Des 2018; 93:1251-1264. [PMID: 30480376 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative assessment of MT1-MMP cell surface-associated proteolytic activity remains undefined. Presently, MT1-MMP was stably expressed and a cell-based FRET assay developed to quantify activity toward synthetic collagen-model triple-helices. To estimate the importance of cell surface localization and specific structural domains on MT1-MMP proteolysis, activity measurements were performed using a series of membrane-anchored MT1-MMP mutants and compared directly with those of soluble MT1-MMP. MT1-MMP activity (kcat /KM ) on the cell surface was 4.8-fold lower compared with soluble MT1-MMP, with the effect largely manifested in kcat . Deletion of the MT1-MMP cytoplasmic tail enhanced cell surface activity, with both kcat and KM values affected, while deletion of the hemopexin-like domain negatively impacted KM and increased kcat . Overall, cell surface localization of MT1-MMP restricts substrate binding and protein-coupled motions (based on changes in both kcat and KM ) for catalysis. Comparison of soluble and cell surface-bound MT2-MMP revealed 12.9-fold lower activity on the cell surface. The cell-based assay was utilized for small molecule and triple-helical transition state analog MMP inhibitors, which were found to function similarly in solution and at the cell surface. These studies provide the first quantitative assessments of MT1-MMP activity and inhibition in the native cellular environment of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Pahwa
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, Port St. Lucie, Florida
| | - Manishabrata Bhowmick
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, Port St. Lucie, Florida
| | - Sabrina Amar
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, Port St. Lucie, Florida.,Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida
| | - Jian Cao
- Departments of Medicine/Cancer Prevention and Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Alex Y Strongin
- Cancer Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Rafael Fridman
- Department of Pathology and the Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Stephen J Weiss
- Division of Molecular Medicine & Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Gregg B Fields
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, Port St. Lucie, Florida.,Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida.,The Scripps Research Institute/Scripps Florida, Jupiter, Florida
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Bao Y, Gu D, Feng W, Sun X, Wang X, Zhang X, Shi Q, Cui G, Yu H, Tang C, Deng A. COUP-TFII regulates metastasis of colorectal adenocarcinoma cells by modulating Snail1. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:933-43. [PMID: 25032732 PMCID: PMC4150277 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II (COUP-TFII, also known as NR2F2) promotes metastasis by functioning in the tumour microenvironment; however, the role of COUP-TFII in colorectal cancer remains unknown. METHODS Human colon adenocarcinoma tissues were collected to test COUP-TFII expression. Wound-healing and cell invasion assay were used to evaluate migration and invasion of cells. Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II and related protein expression was assessed by immunostaining, immunoblotting and real-time PCR assay. Tamoxifen-inducible COUP-TFII knockout mice were employed to test COUP-TFII functions on colon cancer metastasis in vivo. RESULTS Elevated expression of COUP-TFII in colorectal adenocarcinoma tissue correlated with overexpression of the Snail1 transcription factor. High COUP-TFII expression correlated with metastasis and shorter patient survival. Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II regulated the migration and invasion of cancer cells. With Snail1, COUP-TFII inhibited expression of adherence molecules such as ZO-1, E-cadherin and β-catenin in colorectal cancer cells. Overexpression of COUP-TFII was required for cancer cells to metastasise in vivo. Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II regulated the transcription and expression of Snail1 by directly targeting the Snail1 promoter and regulated associated genes. CONCLUSIONS Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II was crucial for colorectal cancer metastasis and regulated cell migration and metastasis in conjunction with Snail1. Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II was found to be a biomarker associated with patient survival and colorectal cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Bao
- First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou Teachers College, the First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - D Gu
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - W Feng
- First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou Teachers College, the First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - X Sun
- First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou Teachers College, the First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - X Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou Teachers College, the First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - X Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou Teachers College, the First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Q Shi
- First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou Teachers College, the First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - G Cui
- First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou Teachers College, the First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - H Yu
- First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou Teachers College, the First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - C Tang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou Teachers College, the First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - A Deng
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostic, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Abstract
This review will focus on the systematization of knowledge about structure of macroglobulin signaling system, which includes macroglobulin family proteins (alpha-2-macroglobulin, alpha-2-glycoprotein, pregnancy associated plasma protein A), their receptors (LRP, grp78), ligands (proteinases, cytokines, hormones, lipids, et al.) transforming and transcriptional factors for regulation of macroglobulins synthesis. After reviewing the functions of macroglobulin signaling system, and mechanisms of their realization, we discuss the complex and significant role of this system in different physiological and pathological processes.
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Singh LP, Mishra A, Saha D, Swarnakar S. Doxycycline blocks gastric ulcer by regulating matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity and oxidative stress. World J Gastroenterol 2011; 17:3310-21. [PMID: 21876619 PMCID: PMC3160535 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i28.3310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2010] [Revised: 12/19/2010] [Accepted: 12/26/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To examine the effect of doxycycline on the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and oxidative stress in gastric tissues of rats following gastric injury.
METHODS: Gastric ulcers were generated in rats by administration of 70% ethanol, and activity of doxycycline was tested by administration 30 min prior to ethanol. Similarly, the effect of doxycycline was tested in an indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer model. The activities and expression of MMPs were examined by zymography and Western blot analysis.
RESULTS: Gastric injury in rats as judged by elevated ulcer indices following exposure to ulcerogen, either indomethacin or ethanol, was reversed significantly by doxycycline. Indomethacin-induced ulcerated gastric tissues exhibited about 12-fold higher proMMP-9 activity and about 5-fold higher proMMP-3 activity as compared to control tissues. Similarly, ethanol induced about 22-fold and about 6-fold higher proMMP-9 and proMMP-3 activities, respectively, in rat gastric tissues. Both proMMP-9 and MMP-3 activities were markedly decreased by doxycycline in ulcerogen treated rat gastric tissues. In contrast, the reduced MMP-2 activity in ulcerated tissues was increased by doxycycline during ulcer prevention. On the other hand, doxycycline inhibited significantly proMMP-9, -2 and -3 activities in vitro. In addition, doxycycline reduced oxidative load in gastric tissues and scavenged H2O2in vitro. Our results suggest a novel regulatory role of doxycycline on MMP-2 activity in addition to inhibitory action on MMP-9 and MMP-3 during prevention of gastric ulcers.
CONCLUSION: This is the first demonstration of dual action of doxycycline, that is, regulation of MMP activity and reduction of oxidative stress in arresting gastric injury.
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Tapia T, Ottman R, Chakrabarti R. LIM kinase1 modulates function of membrane type matrix metalloproteinase 1: implication in invasion of prostate cancer cells. Mol Cancer 2011; 10:6. [PMID: 21219645 PMCID: PMC3027192 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-10-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2010] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background LIM kinase 1 (LIMK1) is an actin and microtubule cytoskeleton modulatory protein that is overexpressed in a number of cancerous tissues and cells and also promotes invasion and metastasis of prostate and breast cancer cells. Membrane type matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MT1-MMP) is a critical modulator of extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover through pericellular proteolysis and thus plays crucial roles in neoplastic cell invasion and metastasis. MT1-MMP and its substrates pro-MMP-2 and pro-MMP-9 are often overexpressed in a variety of cancers including prostate cancer and the expression levels correlate with the grade of malignancy in prostate cancer cells. The purpose of this study is to determine any functional relation between LIMK1 and MT1-MMP and its implication in cell invasion. Results Our results showed that treatment with the hydroxamate inhibitor of MT1-MMP, MMP-2 and MMP-9 ilomastat inhibited LIMK1-induced invasion of benign prostate epithelial cells. Over expression of LIMK1 resulted in increased collagenolytic activity of MMP-2, and secretion of pro-MMP2 and pro-MMP-9. Cells over expressing LIMK1 also exhibited increased expression of MT1-MMP, transcriptional activation and its localization to the plasma membrane. LIMK1 physically associates with MT1-MMP and is colocalized with it to the Golgi vesicles. We also noted increased expression of both MT1-MMP and LIMK1 in prostate tumor tissues. Conclusion Our results provide new information on regulation of MT1-MMP function by LIMK1 and showed for the first time, involvement of MMPs in LIMK1 induced cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tenekua Tapia
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
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Radichev IA, Remacle AG, Shiryaev SA, Purves AN, Johnson SL, Pellecchia M, Strongin AY. Biochemical characterization of the cellular glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked membrane type-6 matrix metalloproteinase. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:16076-86. [PMID: 20308072 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.107094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitously expressed membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP), an archetype member of the MMP family, binds tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2), activates matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and stimulates cell migration in various cell types. In contrast with MT1-MMP, the structurally similar MT6-MMP associates with the lipid raft compartment of the plasma membrane using a GPI anchor. As a result, MT6-MMP is functionally distinct from MT1-MMP. MT6-MMP is insufficiently characterized as yet. In addition, a number of its biochemical features are both conflicting and controversial. To reassess the biochemical features of MT6-MMP, we have expressed the MT6-MMP construct tagged with a FLAG tag in breast carcinoma MCF-7 and fibrosarcoma HT1080 cells. We then used phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C to release MT6-MMP from the cell surface and characterized the solubilized MT6-MMP fractions. We now are confident that cellular MT6-MMP partially exists in its complex with TIMP-2. Both TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 are capable of inhibiting the proteolytic activity of MT6-MMP. MT6-MMP does not stimulate cell migration. MT6-MMP, however, generates a significant level of gelatinolysis of the fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled gelatin and exhibits an intrinsic, albeit low, ability to activate MMP-2. As a result, it is exceedingly difficult to record the activation of MMP-2 by cellular MT6-MMP. Because of its lipid raft localization, cellular MT6-MMP is inefficiently internalized. MT6-MMP is predominantly localized in the cell-to-cell junctions. Because MT6-MMP has been suggested to play a role in disease, including cancer and autoimmune multiple sclerosis, the identity of its physiologically relevant cleavage targets remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilian A Radichev
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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Gingras D, Béliveau R. Emerging concepts in the regulation of membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase activity. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2009; 1803:142-50. [PMID: 19409422 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2009.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2009] [Revised: 04/22/2009] [Accepted: 04/23/2009] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Pericellular proteolysis mediated by membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) represents an essential component of the cellular machinery involved in the dissolution and penetration of ECM barriers by tumor cells. Although most studies on the proinvasive properties of MT1-MMP have focused on its unusually broad proteolytic activity towards several ECM components and cell surface receptors, recent evidence indicate that the cytoplasmic domain of the enzyme also actively participates in tumor cell invasion by regulating the cell surface localization of MT1-MMP as well as the activation of signal transduction cascades. The identification of the molecular events by which the intracellular domain of MT1-MMP links proteolysis of the surrounding matrix by the enzyme to modification of cell function may thus provide important new information on the mechanisms by which this enzyme controls the invasive behavior of neoplastic cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Gingras
- Laboratoire de Médecine Moléculaire, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3P8
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Li XY, Ota I, Yana I, Sabeh F, Weiss SJ. Molecular dissection of the structural machinery underlying the tissue-invasive activity of membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase. Mol Biol Cell 2008; 19:3221-33. [PMID: 18495869 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e08-01-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) drives cell invasion through three-dimensional (3-D) extracellular matrix (ECM) barriers dominated by type I collagen or fibrin. Based largely on analyses of its impact on cell function under two-dimensional culture conditions, MT1-MMP is categorized as a multifunctional molecule with 1) a structurally distinct, N-terminal catalytic domain; 2) a C-terminal hemopexin domain that regulates substrate recognition as well as conformation; and 3) a type I transmembrane domain whose cytosolic tail controls protease trafficking and signaling cascades. The MT1-MMP domains that subserve cell trafficking through 3-D ECM barriers in vitro or in vivo, however, remain largely undefined. Herein, we demonstrate that collagen-invasive activity is not confined strictly to the catalytic, hemopexin, transmembrane, or cytosolic domain sequences of MT1-MMP. Indeed, even a secreted collagenase supports invasion when tethered to the cell surface in the absence of the MT1-MMP hemopexin, transmembrane, and cytosolic tail domains. By contrast, the ability of MT1-MMP to support fibrin-invasive activity diverges from collagenolytic potential, and alternatively, it requires the specific participation of MT-MMP catalytic and hemopexin domains. Hence, the tissue-invasive properties of MT1-MMP are unexpectedly embedded within distinct, but parsimonious, sequences that serve to tether the requisite matrix-degradative activity to the surface of migrating cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Li
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Cao J, Chiarelli C, Richman O, Zarrabi K, Kozarekar P, Zucker S. Membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:6232-40. [PMID: 18174174 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m705759200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
By mining DNA microarray data bases at GenBank, we identified up-regulation of membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) in human primary and metastatic prostate cancer specimens as compared with nonmalignant prostate tissues. To explore the role of up-regulated MT1-MMP in early stage cancer progression, we have employed a three-dimensional cell culture model. Minimally invasive human prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) were transfected with MT1-green fluorescent protein (GFP) chimeric cDNA as compared with GFP cDNA, and morphologic and phenotypic changes were characterized. GFP-expressing LNCaP cells formed multicellular spheroids with cuboidal-like epithelial morphology, whereas MT1-GFP-expressing cells displayed a fibroblast-like morphology and a scattered growth pattern in type I collagen gels. Cell morphologic changes were accompanied by decreased epithelial markers and enhanced mesenchymal markers, consistent with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. MT1-MMP-induced morphologic change and cell scattering were abrogated by target inhibition of either the catalytic domain or the hemopexin domain. We further demonstrated that MT1-MMP-induced phenotypic changes were dependent upon up-regulation of Wnt5a, which has been implicated in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. We conclude that MT1-MMP plays an important role in early cancer dissemination by converting epithelial cells to migratory mesenchymal-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Cao
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
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