1
|
Niu X, Shen Y, Wen Y, Mi X, Xie J, Zhang Y, Ding Z. KTN1 mediated unfolded protein response protects keratinocytes from ionizing radiation-induced DNA damage. J Dermatol Sci 2024; 114:24-33. [PMID: 38448340 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The unfolded protein response (UPR) is one of the cytoprotective mechanisms against various stresses and essential for the normal function of skin. Skin injury caused by ionizing radiation (IR) is a common side effect of radiotherapy and it is unclear how UPR affects IR-induced skin injury. OBJECTIVES To verify the effect of UPR on IR-induced DNA damage in keratinocytes and the relation between an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein KTN1 and UPR. METHODS All experiments were performed on keratinocytes models: HaCaT and HEK-A. ER lumen and the expression levels of KTN1 and UPR pathway proteins (PERK, IRE1α and ATF6) were examined by transmission electron microscopy and immunoblotting, respectively. 4-PBA, an UPR inhibitor, was used to detected its effects on DNA damage and cell proliferation. Subsequently, the effects of KTN1 deletion on UPR, DNA damage and cell proliferation after IR were detected. Tunicamycin was used to reactivate UPR and then we examined its effects on DNA damage. RESULTS UPR was activated by IR in keratinocytes. Inhibition of UPR aggravated DNA damage and suppressed cell proliferation after IR. KTN1 expression was upregulated by IR and KTN1 depletion reduced ER expansion and the expression of UPR-related proteins. Moreover, KTN1 depletion aggravated DNA damage and suppressed cell proliferation after IR could reversed by reactivation of UPR. CONCLUSION KTN1 deletion aggravates IR-induced keratinocyte DNA damage via inhibiting UPR. Our findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of keratinocytes in response to IR-induced damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Niu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunhan Wen
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Mi
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenhua Ding
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jung M, Zimmermann R. Quantitative Mass Spectrometry Characterizes Client Spectra of Components for Targeting of Membrane Proteins to and Their Insertion into the Membrane of the Human ER. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14166. [PMID: 37762469 PMCID: PMC10532041 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the redundancy in the components for the targeting of membrane proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and/or their insertion into the ER membrane under physiological conditions, we previously analyzed different human cells by label-free quantitative mass spectrometry. The HeLa and HEK293 cells had been depleted of a certain component by siRNA or CRISPR/Cas9 treatment or were deficient patient fibroblasts and compared to the respective control cells by differential protein abundance analysis. In addition to clients of the SRP and Sec61 complex, we identified membrane protein clients of components of the TRC/GET, SND, and PEX3 pathways for ER targeting, and Sec62, Sec63, TRAM1, and TRAP as putative auxiliary components of the Sec61 complex. Here, a comprehensive evaluation of these previously described differential protein abundance analyses, as well as similar analyses on the Sec61-co-operating EMC and the characteristics of the topogenic sequences of the various membrane protein clients, i.e., the client spectra of the components, are reported. As expected, the analysis characterized membrane protein precursors with cleavable amino-terminal signal peptides or amino-terminal transmembrane helices as predominant clients of SRP, as well as the Sec61 complex, while precursors with more central or even carboxy-terminal ones were found to dominate the client spectra of the SND and TRC/GET pathways for membrane targeting. For membrane protein insertion, the auxiliary Sec61 channel components indeed share the client spectra of the Sec61 complex to a large extent. However, we also detected some unexpected differences, particularly related to EMC, TRAP, and TRAM1. The possible mechanistic implications for membrane protein biogenesis at the human ER are discussed and can be expected to eventually advance our understanding of the mechanisms that are involved in the so-called Sec61-channelopathies, resulting from deficient ER protein import.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard Zimmermann
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gao L, Zhou W, Xie N, Qiu J, Huang J, Zhang Z, Hong M, Xia J, Xu J, Zhao P, Fu L, Luo Y, Jiang J, Gong H, Wang J, Dai Y, Luo D, Zou C. Yin Yang 1 promotes aggressive cell growth in high-grade breast cancer by directly transactivating kinectin 1. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e133. [PMID: 35811688 PMCID: PMC9253731 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive cancer growth and metastasis account for the poor prognosis of high-grade breast cancer. Recently, we reported that kinectin 1 (KTN1), a member of the kinesin-binding protein family, promotes cell invasion of triple-negative breast cancer and high-grade breast cancer cells by augmenting the NF-κB signaling pathway. However, the upstream mechanism regulating KTN1 is unknown. Therefore, this functional study was performed to decipher the regulatory cohort of KTN1 in high-grade breast cancer. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) was a potential transactivator of KTN1. High YY1 expression correlated positively with pathological progression and poor prognosis of high-grade breast cancer. Additionally, YY1 promoted cell invasive growth both in vitro and in vivo, in a KTN1-dependent manner. Mechanistically, YY1 could transactivate the KTN1 gene promoter. Alternatively, YY1 could directly interact with a co-factor, DEAD-box helicase 3 X-linked (DDX3X), which significantly co-activated YY1-mediated transcriptional expression of KTN1. Moreover, DDX3X augmented YY1-KTN1 signaling-promoted invasive cell growth of breast cancer. Importantly, overexpression of YY1 enhanced tumor aggressive growth in a mouse breast cancer model. Our findings established a novel DDX3X-assisted YY1-KTN1 regulatory axis in breast cancer progression, which could lead to the development novel therapeutic targets for breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Gao
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center The Second Clinical Medical College Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital) The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Wenbin Zhou
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery Department of General Surgery The Second Clinical Medical College Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital) The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Ni Xie
- Biobank Shenzhen Second People' s Hospital Shenzhen, Health Science Center First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Junying Qiu
- Medical Laboratory of Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Jingyi Huang
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center The Second Clinical Medical College Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital) The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center The Second Clinical Medical College Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital) The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Malin Hong
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center The Second Clinical Medical College Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital) The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong China.,Shenzhen Public Service Platform on Tumor Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis the Second Clinical Medical College Jinan University Shenzhen Guangdong PR China
| | - Jinquan Xia
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center The Second Clinical Medical College Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital) The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center The Second Clinical Medical College Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital) The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Pan Zhao
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center The Second Clinical Medical College Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital) The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong China.,Shenzhen Public Service Platform on Tumor Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis the Second Clinical Medical College Jinan University Shenzhen Guangdong PR China
| | - Li Fu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases Department of Pharmacology and International Cancer Center Shenzhen University Health Science Center Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Yuwei Luo
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery Department of General Surgery The Second Clinical Medical College Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital) The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital (Nanshan Hospital) Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Hui Gong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital (Nanshan Hospital) Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Jigang Wang
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center The Second Clinical Medical College Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital) The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong China.,Shenzhen Public Service Platform on Tumor Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis the Second Clinical Medical College Jinan University Shenzhen Guangdong PR China
| | - Yong Dai
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center The Second Clinical Medical College Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital) The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Dixian Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital (Nanshan Hospital) Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Chang Zou
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center The Second Clinical Medical College Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital) The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong China.,Shenzhen Public Service Platform on Tumor Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis the Second Clinical Medical College Jinan University Shenzhen Guangdong PR China.,School of Life and Health Sciences The Chinese University of Kong Hong Shenzhen Guangdong China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lang S, Nguyen D, Bhadra P, Jung M, Helms V, Zimmermann R. Signal Peptide Features Determining the Substrate Specificities of Targeting and Translocation Components in Human ER Protein Import. Front Physiol 2022; 13:833540. [PMID: 35899032 PMCID: PMC9309488 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.833540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In human cells, approximately 30% of all polypeptides enter the secretory pathway at the level of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This process involves cleavable amino-terminal signal peptides (SPs) or more or less amino-terminal transmembrane helices (TMHs), which serve as targeting determinants, at the level of the precursor polypeptides and a multitude of cytosolic and ER proteins, which facilitate their ER import. Alone or in combination SPs and TMHs guarantee the initial ER targeting as well as the subsequent membrane integration or translocation. Cytosolic SRP and SR, its receptor in the ER membrane, mediate cotranslational targeting of most nascent precursor polypeptide chains to the polypeptide-conducting Sec61 complex in the ER membrane. Alternatively, fully-synthesized precursor polypeptides and certain nascent precursor polypeptides are targeted to the ER membrane by either the PEX-, SND-, or TRC-pathway. Although these targeting pathways may have overlapping functions, the question arises how relevant this is under cellular conditions and which features of SPs and precursor polypeptides determine preference for a certain pathway. Irrespective of their targeting pathway(s), most precursor polypeptides are integrated into or translocated across the ER membrane via the Sec61 channel. For some precursor polypeptides specific Sec61 interaction partners have to support the gating of the channel to the open state, again raising the question why and when this is the case. Recent progress shed light on the client spectrum and specificities of some auxiliary components, including Sec62/Sec63, TRAM1 protein, and TRAP. To address the question which precursors use a certain pathway or component in intact human cells, i.e., under conditions of fast translation rates and molecular crowding, in the presence of competing precursors, different targeting organelles, and relevant stoichiometries of the involved components, siRNA-mediated depletion of single targeting or transport components in HeLa cells was combined with label-free quantitative proteomics and differential protein abundance analysis. Here, we present a summary of the experimental approach as well as the resulting differential protein abundance analyses and discuss their mechanistic implications in light of the available structural data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Lang
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Sven Lang, ; Richard Zimmermann,
| | - Duy Nguyen
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Pratiti Bhadra
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Martin Jung
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Volkhard Helms
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Richard Zimmermann
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Sven Lang, ; Richard Zimmermann,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kinectin1 depletion promotes EGFR degradation via the ubiquitin-proteosome system in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:995. [PMID: 34689164 PMCID: PMC8542041 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04276-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Depletion of kinectin1 (KTN1) provides a potential strategy for inhibiting tumorigenesis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) via reduction of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein levels. Yet, the underlying mechanisms of KTN1 remain obscure. In this study, we demonstrate that KTN1 knockdown induces EGFR degradation in cSCC cells by promoting the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and that this effect is tumor cell-specific. KTN1 knockdown increases the expression of CCDC40, PSMA1, and ADRM1 to mediate tumor suppressor functions in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, c-Myc directly binds to the promoter region of CCDC40 to trigger the CCDC40-ADRM1-UCH37 axis and promote EGFR deubiquitination. Furthermore, KTN1 depletion accelerates EGFR degradation by strengthening the competitive interaction between PSMA1 and ADRM1 to inhibit KTN1/ADRM1 interaction at residues Met1-Ala252. These results are supported by studies in mouse xenografts and human patient samples. Collectively, our findings provide novel mechanistic insight into KTN1 regulation of EGFR degradation in cSCC.
Collapse
|
6
|
Jakob M, Mattes LM, Unger K, Kueffer S, Hess J, Canis M, Schirmer M, Spiegel JL, Haubner F, Ihler F, Weiss BG, Kitz J. Human microRNA-182-5p and kinectin 1: Potential biomarkers for prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 2021; 43:3707-3719. [PMID: 34591354 DOI: 10.1002/hed.26857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognostic impact of hsa-miRNA-182-5p in oral cancer remains unexplored. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of hsa-miRNA-182-5p and its predicted target kinectin 1 (KTN1) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHOD Expression level of hsa-miRNA-182-5p was analyzed in tumor tissue (n = 36) and healthy oral mucosal tissue (n = 17) using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Protein level of the predicted target KTN1 was detected via immunohistochemistry. Results were validated in a cohort of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). RESULTS After dividing the data into a subgroup with high and low hsa-miRNA-182-5p expression level, a significant better overall (p = 0.016), recurrence-free (p = 0.009), and progression-free survival (p = 0.004) was observed in an upregulation of hsa-miRNA-182-5p. Staining intensity of KTN1 showed a reciprocal impact on the prognosis. Validation in a TCGA cohort confirmed these results. CONCLUSION Our results indicate hsa-miRNA-182-5p and KTN1 as potential biomarkers for OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Jakob
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Pan Klinik am Neumarkt Köln, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lena M Mattes
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kristian Unger
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Kueffer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Julia Hess
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Canis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Schirmer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jennifer L Spiegel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Frank Haubner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Friedrich Ihler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (DSGZ), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard G Weiss
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Kitz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kinectin 1 promotes the growth of triple-negative breast cancer via directly co-activating NF-kappaB/p65 and enhancing its transcriptional activity. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:250. [PMID: 34219129 PMCID: PMC8255318 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00652-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most challenging subtype of breast cancer. Various endeavor has been made to explore the molecular biology basis of TNBC. Herein, we reported a novel function of factor Kinectin 1 (KTN1) as a carcinogenic promoter in TNBC. KTN1 expression in TNBC was increased compared with adjacent tissues or luminal or Her2 subtypes of breast cancer, and TNBC patients with high KTN1 expression have poor prognosis. In functional studies, knockdown of KTN1 inhibited the proliferation and invasiveness of TNBC both in vitro and in vivo, while overexpression of KTN1 promoted cancer cell proliferation and invasiveness. RNA-seq analysis revealed that the interaction of cytokine-cytokine receptor, particularly CXCL8 gene, was upregulated by KTN1, which was supported by the further experiments. CXCL8 depletion inhibited the tumorigenesis and progression of TNBC. Additionally, rescue experiments validated that KTN1-mediated cell growth acceleration in TNBC was dependent on CXCL8 both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, it was found that KTN1 enhanced the phosphorylation of NF-κB/p65 protein at Ser536 site, and specifically bound to NF-κB/p65 protein in the nucleus and cytoplasm of cells. Moreover, the transcription of CXCL8 gene was directly upregulated by the complex of KTN1 and NF-κB/p65 protein. Taken together, our results elucidated a novel mechanism of KTN1 gene in TNBC tumorigenesis and progression. KTN1 may be a potential molecular target for the development of TNBC treatment.
Collapse
|
8
|
Pan J, Chao NX, Zhang YY, Huang TM, Chen CX, Qin QH, Guo JH, Huang RS, Luo GR. Upregulating KTN1 promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma progression. J Cancer 2021; 12:4791-4809. [PMID: 34234850 PMCID: PMC8247380 DOI: 10.7150/jca.55570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents a common malignant tumor worldwide. Although kinectin 1 (KTN1) is the most frequently identified antigen in HCC tissues, the detailed roles of KTN1 in HCC remain unknown. This study seeks to clarify the expression status and clinical value of KTN1 in HCC and to explore the complicated biological functions of KTN1 and its underlying mechanisms. Methods: In-house reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of KTN1 in HCC tissues. External gene microarrays and RNA-sequencing datasets were downloaded to confirm the expression patterns of KTN1. The prognostic ability of KTN1 in HCC was assessed by a Kaplan-Meier curve and a hazard ratio forest plot. The CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system was used to knock out KTN1 in Huh7 cells, which was verified by PCR-Sanger sequencing and western blotting. Assays of cell migration, invasion, viability, cell cycle, and apoptosis were conducted to explore the biological functions. RNA sequencing was performed to quantitatively analyze the functional deregulation in KTN1-knockout cells compared to Huh7-wild-type cells. Upregulated genes that co-expressed with KTN1 were identified from HCC tissues and were functionally annotated. Results: KTN1 expression was increased in HCC tissues (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.20 [0.04, 0.37]). High KTN1 expression was significantly correlated with poorer prognosis of HCC patients, and KTN1 may be an independent risk factor for HCC (pooled HRs = 1.31 [1.05, 1.64]). After KTN1-knockout, the viability, migration, and invasion ability of HCC cells were inhibited. The proportion of HCC cells in the G0-G1 phases increased after KTN1 knockout, which also elevated the apoptosis rates in HCC cells. Several cascades, including innate immune response, chemical carcinogenesis, and positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II, were dramatically changed after KTN1 knockout. KTN1 primarily participated in the cell cycle, DNA replication, and microRNAs in cancer pathways in HCC tissues. Conclusion: Upregulation of KTN1 served as a promising prognosticator in HCC patients. KTN1 promotes the occurrence and deterioration of HCC by mediating cell survival, migration, invasion, cell cycle activation, and apoptotic inhibition. KTN1 may be a therapeutic target in HCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Pan
- Department of Human Anatomy, Guangxi Medical University.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Human Development and Disease Research, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Nai-Xia Chao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Yao-Yao Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Tian-Ming Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Cheng-Xiao Chen
- The Ninth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Qiu-Hong Qin
- Jiang bin Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
| | | | - Rong-Shi Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University
| | - Guo-Rong Luo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangxi Medical University.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Human Development and Disease Research, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bhadra P, Schorr S, Lerner M, Nguyen D, Dudek J, Förster F, Helms V, Lang S, Zimmermann R. Quantitative Proteomics and Differential Protein Abundance Analysis after Depletion of Putative mRNA Receptors in the ER Membrane of Human Cells Identifies Novel Aspects of mRNA Targeting to the ER. Molecules 2021; 26:3591. [PMID: 34208277 PMCID: PMC8230838 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In human cells, one-third of all polypeptides enter the secretory pathway at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The specificity and efficiency of this process are guaranteed by targeting of mRNAs and/or polypeptides to the ER membrane. Cytosolic SRP and its receptor in the ER membrane facilitate the cotranslational targeting of most ribosome-nascent precursor polypeptide chain (RNC) complexes together with the respective mRNAs to the Sec61 complex in the ER membrane. Alternatively, fully synthesized precursor polypeptides are targeted to the ER membrane post-translationally by either the TRC, SND, or PEX19/3 pathway. Furthermore, there is targeting of mRNAs to the ER membrane, which does not involve SRP but involves mRNA- or RNC-binding proteins on the ER surface, such as RRBP1 or KTN1. Traditionally, the targeting reactions were studied in cell-free or cellular assays, which focus on a single precursor polypeptide and allow the conclusion of whether a certain precursor can use a certain pathway. Recently, cellular approaches such as proximity-based ribosome profiling or quantitative proteomics were employed to address the question of which precursors use certain pathways under physiological conditions. Here, we combined siRNA-mediated depletion of putative mRNA receptors in HeLa cells with label-free quantitative proteomics and differential protein abundance analysis to characterize RRBP1- or KTN1-involving precursors and to identify possible genetic interactions between the various targeting pathways. Furthermore, we discuss the possible implications on the so-called TIGER domains and critically discuss the pros and cons of this experimental approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pratiti Bhadra
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland Informatics Campus, Saarland University, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany; (P.B.); (D.N.); (V.H.)
| | - Stefan Schorr
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.L.); (J.D.); (S.L.)
| | - Monika Lerner
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.L.); (J.D.); (S.L.)
| | - Duy Nguyen
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland Informatics Campus, Saarland University, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany; (P.B.); (D.N.); (V.H.)
| | - Johanna Dudek
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.L.); (J.D.); (S.L.)
| | - Friedrich Förster
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Volkhard Helms
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland Informatics Campus, Saarland University, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany; (P.B.); (D.N.); (V.H.)
| | - Sven Lang
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.L.); (J.D.); (S.L.)
| | - Richard Zimmermann
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.L.); (J.D.); (S.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xie J, Deng Z, Alahdal M, Liu J, Zhao Z, Chen X, Wang G, Hu X, Duan L, Wang D, Li W. Screening and verification of hub genes involved in osteoarthritis using bioinformatics. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:330. [PMID: 33732303 PMCID: PMC7903481 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common causes of disability and its development is associated with numerous factors. A major challenge in the treatment of OA is the lack of early diagnosis. In the present study, a bioinformatics method was employed to filter key genes that may be responsible for the pathogenesis of OA. From the Gene Expression Omnibus database, the datasets GSE55457, GSE12021 and GSE55325 were downloaded, which comprised 59 samples. Of these, 30 samples were from patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis and 29 were normal. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained by downloading and analyzing the original data using bioinformatics. The Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were analyzed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery online database. Protein-protein interaction network analysis was performed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/proteins online database. BSCL2 lipid droplet biogenesis associated, seipin, FOS-like 2, activator protein-1 transcription factor subunit (FOSL2), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A) and kinectin 1 (KTN1) genes were identified as key genes by using Cytoscape software. Functional enrichment revealed that the DEGs were mainly accumulated in the ErbB, MAPK and PI3K-Akt pathways. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis confirmed a significant reduction in the expression levels of FOSL2, CDKN1A and KTN1 in OA samples. These genes have the potential to become novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junxiong Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China.,University of South China, School of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqin Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Murad Alahdal
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Jianquan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotian Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Li Duan
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Daping Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China.,University of South China, School of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Wencui Li
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yang B, Zhang X, Zhang D, Hou J, Xu G, Sheng C, Choudhury SM, Zhu Z, Li D, Zhang K, Zheng H, Liu X. Molecular Mechanisms of Immune Escape for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9090729. [PMID: 32899635 PMCID: PMC7558374 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9090729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) causes a highly contagious vesicular disease in cloven-hoofed livestock that results in severe consequences for international trade, posing a great economic threat to agriculture. The FMDV infection antagonizes the host immune responses via different signaling pathways to achieve immune escape. Strategies to escape the cell immune system are key to effective infection and pathogenesis. This review is focused on summarizing the recent advances to understand how the proteins encoded by FMDV antagonize the host innate and adaptive immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Keshan Zhang
- Correspondence: (K.Z.); (H.Z.); Tel.: +86-15214078335 (K.Z.)
| | - Haixue Zheng
- Correspondence: (K.Z.); (H.Z.); Tel.: +86-15214078335 (K.Z.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li Z, Zou Z, Jiang Z, Huang X, Liu Q. Biological Function and Application of Picornaviral 2B Protein: A New Target for Antiviral Drug Development. Viruses 2019; 11:v11060510. [PMID: 31167361 PMCID: PMC6630369 DOI: 10.3390/v11060510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Picornaviruses are associated with acute and chronic diseases. The clinical manifestations of infections are often mild, but infections may also lead to respiratory symptoms, gastroenteritis, myocarditis, meningitis, hepatitis, and poliomyelitis, with serious impacts on human health and economic losses in animal husbandry. Thus far, research on picornaviruses has mainly focused on structural proteins such as VP1, whereas the non-structural protein 2B, which plays vital roles in the life cycle of the viruses and exhibits a viroporin or viroporin-like activity, has been overlooked. Viroporins are viral proteins containing at least one amphipathic α-helical structure, which oligomerizes to form transmembrane hydrophilic pores. In this review, we mainly summarize recent research data on the viroporin or viroporin-like activity of 2B proteins, which affects the biological function of the membrane, regulates cell death, and affects the host immune response. Considering these mechanisms, the potential application of the 2B protein as a candidate target for antiviral drug development is discussed, along with research challenges and prospects toward realizing a novel treatment strategy for picornavirus infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zengbin Li
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Zixiao Zou
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Zeju Jiang
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Xiaotian Huang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Qiong Liu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
MALAT1-KTN1-EGFR regulatory axis promotes the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Death Differ 2019; 26:2061-2073. [PMID: 30683916 PMCID: PMC6748142 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-019-0288-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs), including MALAT1, are critical regulators of tumor development. However, the roles and molecular mechanisms of LncRNAs in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) remain underexplored. In this study, functional studies using in vitro cellular and in vivo xenograft models confirmed the pro-carcinogenic roles of MALAT1 in cSCC. Further, MALAT1 was identified to regulate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein expression but did not affect EGFR mRNA expression. Transcriptomic sequencing identified kinectin 1 (KTN1) as the key mediator for MALAT1 regulation of EGFR. Mechanistic study revealed that MALAT1 interacts with c-MYC to form a complex and directly binds to the promoter region of KTN1 gene and enhances its transactivation to positively regulate EGFR protein expression. Our findings, therefore, establish a novel c-MYC-assisted MALAT1-KTN1-EGFR axis, which contributes to cSCC development and may serve as novel target for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang Z, Pan L, Ding Y, Lv J, Zhou P, Fang Y, Liu X, Zhang Y, Wang Y. eEF1G interaction with foot-and-mouth disease virus nonstructural protein 2B: Identification by yeast two-hybrid system. Microb Pathog 2017; 112:111-116. [PMID: 28942178 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a picornavirus that causes an economically significant disease in cattle and swine. Replication of FMDV is dependent on both viral proteins and cellular factors. Nonstructural protein 2B of FMDV plays multiple roles during viral infection and replication. We investigated the roles of 2B in virus-host interactions by constructing a cDNA library obtained from FMDV-infected swine tissues, and used a split-ubiquitin-based yeast two-hybrid system to identify host proteins that interacted with 2B. We found that 2B interacted with amino acids 208-437 in the C-terminal region of the eEF1G subunit of eukaryotic elongation factor 1, which is essential for protein synthesis. The 2B-eEF1G interaction was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation of 2B and eEF1G in HEK293T cells. Collectively, our results suggest that eEF1G interacts with the 2B protein of FMDV. The identified 2B interaction partner may help to elucidate the mechanisms of FMDV infection and replication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Li Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yaozhong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jianliang Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yuzhen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xinsheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yongguang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Yonglu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang C, Kho YS, Wang Z, Chiang YT, Ng GKH, Shaw PC, Wang Y, Qi RZ. Transmembrane and coiled-coil domain family 1 is a novel protein of the endoplasmic reticulum. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85206. [PMID: 24454821 PMCID: PMC3891740 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a continuous membrane network in eukaryotic cells comprising the nuclear envelope, the rough ER, and the smooth ER. The ER has multiple critical functions and a characteristic structure. In this study, we identified a new protein of the ER, TMCC1 (transmembrane and coiled-coil domain family 1). The TMCC family consists of at least 3 putative proteins (TMCC1-3) that are conserved from nematode to human. We show that TMCC1 is an ER protein that is expressed in diverse human cell lines. TMCC1 contains 2 adjacent transmembrane domains near the C-terminus, in addition to coiled-coil domains. TMCC1 was targeted to the rough ER through the transmembrane domains, whereas the N-terminal region and C-terminal tail of TMCC1 were found to reside in the cytoplasm. Moreover, the cytosolic region of TMCC1 formed homo- or hetero-dimers or oligomers with other TMCC proteins and interacted with ribosomal proteins. Notably, overexpression of TMCC1 or its transmembrane domains caused defects in ER morphology. Our results suggest roles of TMCC1 in ER organization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yik-Shing Kho
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Ting Chiang
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gary K. H. Ng
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pang-Chui Shaw
- Biochemistry Programme and Centre for Protein Science and Crystallography, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Robert Z. Qi
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tian WX, Li JK, Qin P, Wang R, Ning GB, Qiao JG, Li HQ, Bi DR, Pan SY, Guo DZ. Screening of differentially expressed genes in the growth plate of broiler chickens with tibial dyschondroplasia by microarray analysis. BMC Genomics 2013; 14:276. [PMID: 23617778 PMCID: PMC3648502 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a common skeletal disorder in broiler chickens. It is characterized by the presence of a non-vascularized and unmineralized cartilage in the growth plate. Previous studies have investigated differential expression of genes related to cartilage development during latter stages of TD. The aim of our study was to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the growth plate of broiler chickens, which were associated with early stage TD. We induced TD using tetramethylthiuram disulfide (thiram) for 1, 2, and 6 days and determined DEGs with chicken Affymetrix GeneChip assays. The identified DEGs were verified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays. Results We identified 1630 DEGs, with 82, 1385, and 429 exhibiting at least 2.0-fold changes (P < 0.05) at days 1, 2, and 6, respectively. These DEGs participate in a variety of biological processes, including cytokine production, oxidation reduction, and cell surface receptor linked signal transduction on day 1; lipid biosynthesis, regulation of growth, cell cycle, positive and negative gene regulation, transcription and transcription regulation, and anti-apoptosis on day 2; and regulation of cell proliferation, transcription, dephosphorylation, catabolism, proteolysis, and immune responses on day 6. The identified DEGs were associated with the following pathways: neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction on day 1; synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, ether lipid metabolism, JAK-STAT, GnRH signaling pathway, ubiquitin mediated proteolysis, TGF-β signaling, focal adhesion, and Wnt signaling on day 2; and arachidonic acid metabolism, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, JAK-STAT, insulin signaling, and glycolysis on day 6. We validated seven DEGs by qPCR. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate previously unrecognized changes in gene transcription associated with early stage TD. The DEGs we identified by microarray analysis will be used in future studies to clarify the molecular pathogenic mechanisms of TD. From these findings, potential pathways involved in early stage TD warrant further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-xia Tian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sasikumar AN, Perez WB, Kinzy TG. The many roles of the eukaryotic elongation factor 1 complex. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2012; 3:543-55. [PMID: 22555874 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The vast majority of proteins are believed to have one specific function. Throughout the course of evolution, however, some proteins have acquired additional functions to meet the demands of a complex cellular milieu. In some cases, changes in RNA or protein processing allow the cell to make the most of what is already encoded in the genome to produce slightly different forms. The eukaryotic elongation factor 1 (eEF1) complex subunits, however, have acquired such moonlighting functions without alternative forms. In this article, we discuss the canonical functions of the components of the eEF1 complex in translation elongation as well as the secondary interactions they have with other cellular factors outside of the translational apparatus. The eEF1 complex itself changes in composition as the complexity of eukaryotic organisms increases. Members of the complex are also subject to phosphorylation, a potential modulator of both canonical and non-canonical functions. Although alternative functions of the eEF1A subunit have been widely reported, recent studies are shedding light on additional functions of the eEF1B subunits. A thorough understanding of these alternate functions of eEF1 is essential for appreciating their biological relevance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arjun N Sasikumar
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Microbiology and Immunology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ueno T, Kaneko K, Sata T, Hattori S, Ogawa-Goto K. Regulation of polysome assembly on the endoplasmic reticulum by a coiled-coil protein, p180. Nucleic Acids Res 2011; 40:3006-17. [PMID: 22156060 PMCID: PMC3326322 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkr1197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A coiled-coil microtubule-bundling protein, p180, was originally identified as one of the ribosome receptor candidates on the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and is highly expressed in secretory tissues. Recently, we reported that p180 plays crucial roles in upregulating collagen biosynthesis, mainly by facilitating ribosome association on the ER. Here, we provide evidence that p180 is required to form translationally active polysome/translocon complexes on the ER. Assembly of highly-developed polysomes on the ER was severely perturbed upon loss of p180. p180 associates with polysome/translocon complexes through multiple contact sites: it was coimmunoprecipitated with the translocon complex independently of ribosomes, while it can also bind to ribosomal large subunit specifically. The responsible domain of p180 for membrane polysome assembly was identified in the C-terminal coiled-coil region. The degree of ribosome occupation of collagen and fibronectin mRNAs was regulated in response to increased traffic demands. This effect appears to be exerted in a manner specific for a specified set of mRNAs. Collectively, our data suggest that p180 is required to form translationally active polysome/translocon complexes on the ER membrane, and plays a pivotal role in highly efficient biosynthesis on the ER membrane through facilitating polysome formation in professional secretory cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Ueno
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sivan G, Aviner R, Elroy-Stein O. Mitotic modulation of translation elongation factor 1 leads to hindered tRNA delivery to ribosomes. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:27927-35. [PMID: 21665947 PMCID: PMC3151038 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.255810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Revised: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Translation elongation in eukaryotes is mediated by the concerted actions of elongation factor 1A (eEF1A), which delivers aminoacylated tRNA to the ribosome; elongation factor 1B (eEF1B) complex, which catalyzes the exchange of GDP to GTP on eEF1A; and eEF2, which facilitates ribosomal translocation. Here we present evidence in support of a novel mode of translation regulation by hindered tRNA delivery during mitosis. A conserved consensus phosphorylation site for the mitotic cyclin-dependent kinase 1 on the catalytic delta subunit of eEF1B (termed eEF1D) is required for its posttranslational modification during mitosis, resulting in lower affinity to its substrate eEF1A. This modification is correlated with reduced availability of eEF1A·tRNA complexes, as well as reduced delivery of tRNA to and association of eEF1A with elongating ribosomes. This mode of regulation by hindered tRNA delivery, although first discovered in mitosis, may represent a more globally applicable mechanism employed under other physiological conditions that involve down-regulation of protein synthesis at the elongation level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilad Sivan
- From the Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Ranen Aviner
- From the Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Orna Elroy-Stein
- From the Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Proteomic analysis of NME1/NDPK A null mouse liver: evidence for a post-translational regulation of annexin IV and EF-1Bα. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2011; 384:407-19. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-011-0639-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2011] [Accepted: 04/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
21
|
Veremieva M, Khoruzhenko A, Zaicev S, Negrutskii B, El'skaya A. Unbalanced expression of the translation complex eEF1 subunits in human cardioesophageal carcinoma. Eur J Clin Invest 2011; 41:269-76. [PMID: 20964681 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2010.02404.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The signalling role of individual subunits released from some stable translation multi-molecular complexes under unfavourable circumstances is known. The disease-related role of the translation elongation factor 1 complex (eEF1) as a whole is never researched; however, its subunits possess apparent regulatory potency. Whether the individual eEF1 subunits can exist and function in cell beyond the complex is not known. MATERIALS AND METHODS The protein and mRNA levels of the A1, Bα, Bβ or Bγ subunits of eEF1 were analysed by Western and Northern blot techniques in the same specimens of cardioesophageal carcinoma and correspondingly paired normal tissues. Cancer-induced changes in localization patterns of the eEF1 subunits were examined immunohistochemically. RESULTS Changes in different eEF1 subunits expression were found to be unbalanced, indicating cancer-related emergence of individual components of the eEF1 complex. Independent overexpression of at least one eEF1 component was observed in 72% clinical samples. Noncomplexed eEF1B subunits were also detected by immunohistochemical analysis. In the normal tissue, localization of the Bα, Bβ and Bγ subunits was nuclear-cytoplasmic while in the cancer tissue the only Bγ subunit stayed in nucleus. CONCLUSIONS Our data are first to indicate that the individual subunits can exist separately from the eEF1B complex in cancer tissues and that disintegration of eEF1B could be an important sign of cancer development. Nuclear localization of Bγ both in normal and in cancer tissues suggests its previously unknown nucleus-specific role in human cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Veremieva
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Babeto E, Conceição ALG, Valsechi MC, Peitl Junior P, de Campos Zuccari DAP, de Lima LGCA, Bonilha JL, de Freitas Calmon M, Cordeiro JA, Rahal P. Differentially expressed genes in giant cell tumor of bone. Virchows Arch 2011; 458:467-76. [PMID: 21305317 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-011-1047-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2010] [Revised: 01/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Giant cells tumors of bone (GCTB) are benign in nature but cause osteolytic destruction with a number of particular characteristics. These tumors can have uncertain biological behavior often contain a significant proportion of highly multinucleated cells, and may show aggressive behavior. We have studied differential gene expression in GCTB that may give a better understanding of their physiopathology, and might be helpful in prognosis and treatment. Rapid subtractive hybridization (RaSH) was used to identify and measure novel genes that appear to be differentially expressed, including KTN1, NEB, ROCK1, and ZAK using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry in the samples of GCTBs compared to normal bone tissue. Normal bone was used in the methodology RaSH for comparison with the GCTB in identification of differentially expressed genes. Functional annotation indicated that these genes are involved in cellular processes related to their tumor phenotype. The differential expression of KTN1, ROCK1, and ZAK was independently confirmed by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The expression of the KTN1 and ROCK1 genes were increased in samples by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, and ZAK had reduced expression. Since ZAK have CpG islands in their promoter region and low expression in tumor tissue, their methylation pattern was analyzed by MSP-PCR. The genes identified KTN1, ROCK1, and ZAK may be responsible for loss of cellular homeostasis in GCTB since they are responsible for various functions related to tumorigenesis such as cell migration, cytoskeletal organization, apoptosis, and cell cycle control and thus may contribute at some stage in the process of formation and development of GCTB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erica Babeto
- Laboratory of Genomics Studies, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, 15054-000, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang X, Tee YH, Heng JK, Zhu Y, Hu X, Margadant F, Ballestrem C, Bershadsky A, Griffiths G, Yu H. Kinectin-mediated endoplasmic reticulum dynamics supports focal adhesion growth in the cellular lamella. J Cell Sci 2010; 123:3901-12. [PMID: 20980389 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.069153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesions (FAs) control cell shape and motility, which are important processes that underlie a wide range of physiological functions. FA dynamics is regulated by cytoskeleton, motor proteins and small GTPases. Kinectin is an integral endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein that extends the ER along microtubules. Here, we investigated the influence of the ER on FA dynamics within the cellular lamella by disrupting the kinectin-kinesin interaction by overexpressing the minimal kinectin-kinesin interaction domain on kinectin in cells. This perturbation resulted in a morphological change to a rounded cell shape and reduced cell spreading and migration. Immunofluorescence and live-cell imaging demonstrated a kinectin-dependent ER extension into the cellular lamella and ER colocalisation with FAs within the cellular lamella. FRAP experiments showed that ER contact with FAs was accompanied with an increase in FA protein recruitment to FAs. Disruption of the kinectin-kinesin interaction caused a reduction in FA protein recruitment to FAs. This suggests that the ER supports FA growth within the cellular lamella. Microtubule targeting to FAs is known to promote adhesion disassembly; however, ER contact increased FA size even in the presence of microtubules. Our results suggest a scenario whereby kinectin-kinesin interaction facilitates ER transport along microtubules to support FA growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Graduate Program in Bioengineering, NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, 28 Medical Drive, 117456, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liersch T, Grade M, Gaedcke J, Varma S, Difilippantonio MJ, Langer C, Hess CF, Becker H, Ried T, Ghadimi BM. Preoperative chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: correlation of a gene expression-based response signature with recurrence. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 190:57-65. [PMID: 19380020 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2008.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2008] [Revised: 11/10/2008] [Accepted: 11/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Preoperative chemoradiotherapy is recommended for locally advanced rectal cancer (UICC stage II/III). We recently demonstrated that responsive and nonresponsive tumors showed differential expression levels of 54 genes. In this follow-up study, we investigated the relationship between this gene set and disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Pretherapeutic biopsies from 30 participants in the CAO/ARO/AIO-94 trial of the German Rectal Cancer Study Group were analyzed using gene expression microarrays. Statistical analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes between recurrent and nonrecurrent tumors and to correlate these changes with disease recurrence and outcome. After a median follow-up of 59 months, seven of eight patients with recurrent disease was a nonresponder, and one responsive tumor recurred. Response to chemoradiotherapy was significantly correlated with an improved DFS (log rank P=0.028), whereas OS did not differ significantly (P=0.11). Applying a class comparison analysis, we identified 20 genes that were differentially expressed between recurrent and nonrecurrent tumors (P<0.001). Analyzing the first two principal components of the 54 genes previously identified to predict response, we observed that this response signature correlated with an increased risk of cancer recurrence. These data suggest that the genetic basis of local response also affects the genetic basis of tumor recurrence. Genes that are indicative of nonresponse to preoperative chemoradiotherapy might also be linked to an increased risk of tumor recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Liersch
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University, Robert Koch Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Siu FM, Ma DL, Cheung YW, Lok CN, Yan K, Yang Z, Yang M, Xu S, Ko BCB, He QY, Che CM. Proteomic and transcriptomic study on the action of a cytotoxic saponin (Polyphyllin D): induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathways. Proteomics 2008; 8:3105-17. [PMID: 18615425 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200700829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Polyphyllin D (PD) is a potent cytotoxic saponin found in Paris polyphylla. In the present study, bioinformatic, proteomic and transcriptomic analyses were performed to study the mechanisms of action of PD on human nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line (NCI-H460). Using a gene expression-based bioinformatic tool (connectivity map), PD was identified as a potential ER stress inducer. Our proteomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed that PD treatment led to upregulation of typical ER stress-related proteins/genes including glucose-regulated protein 78 (BiP/GRP78) and protein disulfide isomerase (PDI). In particular, elevated expression of C/EBP homologous transcription factor (chop) and activation of caspase-4 occurred at early time point (8 h) of PD treatment, signifying an initial ER stress-mediated apoptosis. Induction of tumor suppressor p53, disruption of mitochondrial membrane, activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 were detected upon prolonged PD treatment. Collectively, these data revealed that PD induced the cytotoxic effect through a mechanism initiated by ER stress followed by mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. The ability of activating two major pathways of apoptosis makes PD an attractive drug lead for anticancer therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fung-Ming Siu
- Department of Chemistry and Open Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Institute of Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Gillen CM, Gao Y, Niehaus-Sauter MM, Wylde MR, Wheatly MG. Elongation factor 1Bgamma (eEF1Bgamma) expression during the molting cycle and cold acclimation in the crayfish Procambarus clarkii. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2008; 150:170-6. [PMID: 18407536 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2008.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2008] [Revised: 02/26/2008] [Accepted: 02/26/2008] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic elongation factor 1Bgamma (eEF1Bgamma) is a subunit of elongation factor 1 (EF1), which regulates the recruitment of amino acyl-tRNAs to the ribosome during protein synthesis in eukaryotes. In addition to structural roles within eEF1, eEF1Bgamma has properties which suggest sensory or regulatory activities. We have cloned eEF1Bgamma from axial abdominal muscle of freshwater crayfish, Procambarus clarkii. The predicted amino acid sequence has 66% identity to Locusta migratoria eEF1Bgamma and 65% identity to Artemia salina eEF1Bgamma. We measured eEF1Bgamma expression by real-time PCR, using the relative quantification method with 18s ribosomal RNA as an internal calibrator. eEF1Bgamma expression was lowest in gill, axial abdominal muscle, and hepatopancreas, and was highest in the antennal gland (5.7-fold above hepatopancreas) and cardiac muscle (7.8-fold above hepatopancreas). In axial abdominal muscle, eEF1Bgamma expression was 4.4-fold higher in premolt and 11.9 higher in postmolt compared to intermolt. In contrast, eEF1Bgamma was decreased or unchanged in epithelial tissues during pre- and postmolt. eEF1Bgamma expression in the hepatopancreas was 3.5-fold higher during intermolt compared to premolt and was unchanged in gill and antennal gland. No significant differences in eEF1Bgamma were found after 1 week of acclimation to 4 degrees C. These results show that eEF1Bgamma is regulated at the mRNA level with tissue-specific differences in expression patterns.
Collapse
|
27
|
Hewett JW, Tannous B, Niland BP, Nery FC, Zeng J, Li Y, Breakefield XO. Mutant torsinA interferes with protein processing through the secretory pathway in DYT1 dystonia cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:7271-6. [PMID: 17428918 PMCID: PMC1855419 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0701185104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2006] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
TorsinA is an AAA(+) protein located predominantly in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and nuclear envelope responsible for early onset torsion dystonia (DYT1). Most cases of this dominantly inherited movement disorder are caused by deletion of a glutamic acid in the carboxyl terminal region of torsinA. We used a sensitive reporter, Gaussia luciferase (Gluc) to evaluate the role of torsinA in processing proteins through the ER. In primary fibroblasts from controls and DYT1 patients most Gluc activity (95%) was released into the media and processed through the secretory pathway, as confirmed by inhibition with brefeldinA and nocodazole. Fusion of Gluc to a fluorescent protein revealed coalignment and fractionation with ER proteins and association of Gluc with torsinA. Notably, fibroblasts from DYT1 patients were found to secrete markedly less Gluc activity as compared with control fibroblasts. This decrease in processing of Gluc in DYT1 cells appear to arise, at least in part, from a loss of torsinA activity, because mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking torsinA also had reduced secretion as compared with control cells. These studies demonstrate the exquisite sensitivity of this reporter system for quantitation of processing through the secretory pathway and support a role for torsinA as an ER chaperone protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey W. Hewett
- *Department of Neurology and Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114; and
| | - Bakhos Tannous
- *Department of Neurology and Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114; and
| | - Brian P. Niland
- *Department of Neurology and Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114; and
| | - Flavia C. Nery
- *Department of Neurology and Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114; and
| | - Juan Zeng
- *Department of Neurology and Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114; and
| | - Yuqing Li
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Xandra O. Breakefield
- *Department of Neurology and Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114; and
| |
Collapse
|