1
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Fortino M, Arnesano F, Pietropaolo A. Unraveling Copper Exchange in the Atox1-Cu(I)-Mnk1 Heterodimer: A Simulation Approach. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:5336-5343. [PMID: 38780400 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c01026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Copper, an essential metal for various cellular processes, requires tight regulation to prevent cytotoxicity. Intracellular pathways crucial for maintaining optimal copper levels involve soluble and membrane transporters, namely, metallochaperones and P-type ATPases, respectively. In this study, we used a simulation workflow based on free-energy perturbation (FEP) theory and parallel bias metadynamics (PBMetaD) to predict the Cu(I) exchange mechanism between the human Cu(I) chaperone, Atox1, and one of its two physiological partners, ATP7A. ATP7A, also known as the Menkes disease protein, is a transmembrane protein and one of the main copper-transporting ATPases. It pumps copper into the trans-Golgi network for the maturation of cuproenzymes and is also essential for the efflux of excess copper across the plasma membrane. In this analysis, we utilized the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) structure of the Cu(I)-mediated complex between Atox1 and the first soluble domain of the Menkes protein (Mnk1) as a starting point. Independent free-energy simulations were conducted to investigate the dissociation of both Atox1 and Mnk1. The calculations revealed that the two dissociations require free energy values of 6.3 and 6.2 kcal/mol, respectively, following a stepwise dissociation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariagrazia Fortino
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Fabio Arnesano
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Adriana Pietropaolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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2
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Dmitriev OY, Patry J. Structure and mechanism of the human copper transporting ATPases: Fitting the pieces into a moving puzzle. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2024; 1866:184306. [PMID: 38408697 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2024.184306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Human copper transporters ATP7B and ATP7A deliver copper to biosynthetic pathways and maintain copper homeostasis in the cell. These enzymes combine several challenges for structural biology because they are large low abundance membrane proteins with many highly mobile domains and long disordered loops. No method has yet succeeded in solving the structure of the complete fully functional protein. Still, X-ray crystallography, Cryo-EM and NMR helped to piece together a structure based model of the enzyme activity and regulation by copper. We review the structures of ATP7B and ATP7A with an emphasis on the mechanistic insights into the unique aspects of the transport function and regulation of the human copper ATPases that have emerged from more than twenty years of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Y Dmitriev
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
| | - Jaala Patry
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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3
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Fortino M, Schifino G, Vitone D, Arnesano F, Pietropaolo A. The stepwise dissociation of the Zn(II)-bound Atox1 homodimer and its energetic asymmetry. Inorganica Chim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2023.121452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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4
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Camponeschi F, Banci L. Metal trafficking in the cell: Combining atomic resolution with cellular dimension. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:122-133. [PMID: 36285633 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Metals are widely present in biological systems as simple ions or complex cofactors, and are involved in a variety of processes essential for life. Their transport inside cells and insertion into the binding sites of the proteins that need metals to function occur through complex and selective pathways involving dedicated multiprotein machineries specifically and transiently interacting with each other, often sharing the coordination of metal ions and/or cofactors. The understanding of these machineries requires integrated approaches, ranging from bioinformatics to experimental investigations, possibly in the cellular context. In this review, we report two case studies where the use of integrated in vitro and in cellulo approaches is necessary to clarify at atomic resolution essential aspects of metal trafficking in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Camponeschi
- Magnetic Resonance Center CERM, University of Florence, Italy.,Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine (CIRMMP), Florence, Italy
| | - Lucia Banci
- Magnetic Resonance Center CERM, University of Florence, Italy.,Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine (CIRMMP), Florence, Italy.,Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Italy
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5
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Wen MH, Xie X, Huang PS, Yang K, Chen TY. Crossroads between membrane trafficking machinery and copper homeostasis in the nerve system. Open Biol 2021; 11:210128. [PMID: 34847776 PMCID: PMC8633785 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.210128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Imbalanced copper homeostasis and perturbation of membrane trafficking are two common symptoms that have been associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases. Accumulating evidence from biophysical, cellular and in vivo studies suggest that membrane trafficking orchestrates both copper homeostasis and neural functions-however, a systematic review of how copper homeostasis and membrane trafficking interplays in neurons remains lacking. Here, we summarize current knowledge of the general trafficking itineraries for copper transporters and highlight several critical membrane trafficking regulators in maintaining copper homeostasis. We discuss how membrane trafficking regulators may alter copper transporter distribution in different membrane compartments to regulate intracellular copper homeostasis. Using Parkinson's disease and MEDNIK as examples, we further elaborate how misregulated trafficking regulators may interplay parallelly or synergistically with copper dyshomeostasis in devastating pathogenesis in neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we explore multiple unsolved questions and highlight the existing challenges to understand how copper homeostasis is modulated through membrane trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hsuan Wen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Xihong Xie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Pei-San Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Karen Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Tai-Yen Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
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6
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Uhlemann EME, Lee W, Tonelli M, Dmitriev OY. At sixes and sevens: cryptic domain in the metal binding chain of the human copper transporter ATP7A. Biophys J 2021; 120:4600-4607. [PMID: 34461106 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP7A and ATP7B are structurally similar but functionally distinct active copper transporters that regulate copper levels in the human cells and deliver copper to the biosynthetic pathways. Both proteins have a chain of six cytosolic metal-binding domains (MBDs) believed to be involved in the copper-dependent regulation of the activity and intracellular localization of these enzymes. Although all the MBDs are quite similar in structure, their spacing differs markedly between ATP7A and ATP7B. We show by NMR that the long polypeptide between MBD1 and MBD2 of ATP7A forms an additional seventh metastable domain, which we called HMA1A (heavy metal associated domain 1A). The structure of HMA1A resembles the MBDs but contains no copper-binding site. The HMA1A domain, which is unique to ATP7A, may modulate regulatory interactions between MBD1-3, contributing to the distinct functional properties of ATP7A and ATP7B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria E Uhlemann
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Woonghee Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
| | - Marco Tonelli
- National Magnetic Resonance Facility at Madison, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Oleg Y Dmitriev
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
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7
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Zaccak M, Qasem Z, Gevorkyan-Airapetov L, Ruthstein S. An EPR Study on the Interaction between the Cu(I) Metal Binding Domains of ATP7B and the Atox1 Metallochaperone. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155536. [PMID: 32748830 PMCID: PMC7432781 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper’s essentiality and toxicity mean it requires a sophisticated regulation system for its acquisition, cellular distribution and excretion, which until now has remained elusive. Herein, we applied continuous wave (CW) and pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy in solution to resolve the copper trafficking mechanism in humans, by considering the route travelled by Cu(I) from the metallochaperone Atox1 to the metal binding domains of ATP7B. Our study revealed that Cu(I) is most likely mediated by the binding of the Atox1 monomer to metal binding domain 1 (MBD1) and MBD4 of ATP7B in the final part of its extraction pathway, while the other MBDs mediate this interaction and participate in copper transfer between the various MBDs to the ATP7B membrane domain. This research also proposes that MBD1-3 and MBD4-6 act as two independent units.
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8
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Perkal O, Qasem Z, Turgeman M, Schwartz R, Gevorkyan-Airapetov L, Pavlin M, Magistrato A, Major DT, Ruthstein S. Cu(I) Controls Conformational States in Human Atox1 Metallochaperone: An EPR and Multiscale Simulation Study. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:4399-4411. [PMID: 32396355 PMCID: PMC7294806 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c01744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Atox1 is a human
copper metallochaperone that is responsible for
transferring copper ions from the main human copper transporter, hCtr1,
to ATP7A/B in the Golgi apparatus. Atox1 interacts with the Ctr1 C-terminal
domain as a dimer, although it transfers the copper ions to ATP7A/B
in a monomeric form. The copper binding site in the Atox1 dimer involves
Cys12 and Cys15, while Lys60 was also suggested to play a role in
the copper binding. We recently showed that Atox1 can adopt various
conformational states, depending on the interacting protein. In the
current study, we apply EPR experiments together with hybrid quantum
mechanics–molecular mechanics molecular dynamics simulations
using a recently developed semiempirical density functional theory
approach, to better understand the effect of Atox1’s conformational
states on copper coordination. We propose that the flexibility of
Atox1 occurs owing to protonation of one or more of the cysteine residues,
and that Cys15 is an important residue for Atox1 dimerization, while
Cys12 is a critical residue for Cu(I) binding. We also show that Lys60
electrostatically stabilizes the Cu(I)–Atox1 dimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ortal Perkal
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Zena Qasem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Meital Turgeman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Renana Schwartz
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Lada Gevorkyan-Airapetov
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Matic Pavlin
- CNR-IOM at SISSA, via Bonomea 265, 34135, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Dan Thomas Major
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Sharon Ruthstein
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
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9
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Lasorsa A, Nardella MI, Rosato A, Mirabelli V, Caliandro R, Caliandro R, Natile G, Arnesano F. Mechanistic and Structural Basis for Inhibition of Copper Trafficking by Platinum Anticancer Drugs. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:12109-12120. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b05550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Lasorsa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria I. Nardella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Rosanna Caliandro
- Bioorganic Chemistry and Bio-Crystallography laboratory (B(2)Cl), Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bolzano, Piazza Università 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR, Area Science Park Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Rocco Caliandro
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR, via Amendola, 122/o, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Natile
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Arnesano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
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10
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Magistrato A, Pavlin M, Qasem Z, Ruthstein S. Copper trafficking in eukaryotic systems: current knowledge from experimental and computational efforts. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2019; 58:26-33. [PMID: 31176065 PMCID: PMC6863429 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The main copper transporter, Ctr1, can transfer Cu(I) in the cell, through two different intracellular domains. Conformational flexibility of the copper metallochaperone Atox1 controls copper transfer mechanism in the cell. Each metal binding domain in ATP7B has a specific role.
Copper plays a vital role in fundamental cellular functions, and its concentration in the cell must be tightly regulated, as dysfunction of copper homeostasis is linked to severe neurological diseases and cancer. This review provides a compendium of current knowledge regarding the mechanism of copper transfer from the blood system to the Golgi apparatus; this mechanism involves the copper transporter hCtr1, the metallochaperone Atox1, and the ATPases ATP7A/B. We discuss key insights regarding the structural and functional properties of the hCtr1-Atox1-ATP7B cycle, obtained from diverse studies relying on distinct yet complementary biophysical, biochemical, and computational methods. We further address the mechanistic aspects of the cycle that continue to remain elusive. These knowledge gaps must be filled in order to be able to harness our understanding of copper transfer to develop therapeutic approaches with the capacity to modulate copper metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Magistrato
- National Research Council of Italy-IOM c/o International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), via Bonomea 165, 34135, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Matic Pavlin
- National Research Council of Italy-IOM c/o International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), via Bonomea 165, 34135, Trieste, Italy
| | - Zena Qasem
- The Chemistry Department, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, 529002, Israel
| | - Sharon Ruthstein
- The Chemistry Department, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, 529002, Israel.
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11
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Qasem Z, Pavlin M, Ritacco I, Gevorkyan-Airapetov L, Magistrato A, Ruthstein S. The pivotal role of MBD4–ATP7B in the human Cu(i) excretion path as revealed by EPR experiments and all-atom simulations. Metallomics 2019; 11:1288-1297. [DOI: 10.1039/c9mt00067d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Atox1–MBD4 interaction mediates the in-cell Cu(i) concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zena Qasem
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Exact Sciences
- Bar-Ilan University
- Israel
| | | | | | | | | | - Sharon Ruthstein
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Exact Sciences
- Bar-Ilan University
- Israel
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12
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Abstract
Abstract
Metal ions are essential cofactors required by the proteome of organisms from any kingdom of life to correctly exert their functions. Dedicated cellular import, transport and homeostasis systems assure that the needed metal ion is correctly delivered and inserted into the target proteins and avoid the presence of free metal ions in the cell, preventing oxidative damaging. Among metal ions, in eukaryotic organisms copper and iron are required by proteins involved in absolutely essential functions, such as respiration, oxidative stress protection, catalysis, gene expression regulation. Copper and iron binding proteins are localized in essentially all cellular compartments. Copper is physiologically present mainly as individual metal ion. Iron can be present both as individual metal ion or as part of cofactors, such as hemes and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters. Both metal ions are characterized by the ability to cycle between different oxidation states, which enable them to catalyze redox reactions and to participate in electron transfer processes. Here we describe in detail the main processes responsible for the trafficking of copper and iron sulfur clusters, with particular interest for the structural aspects of the maturation of copper and iron-sulfur-binding proteins.
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13
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Sala D, Musiani F, Rosato A. Application of Molecular Dynamics to the Investigation of Metalloproteins Involved in Metal Homeostasis. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Sala
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM); University of Florence; Via Luigi Sacconi 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Francesco Musiani
- Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry; Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; University of Bologna; Viale Giuseppe Fanin 40, I 40127 Bologna Italy
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM); University of Florence; Via Luigi Sacconi 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario di Risonanze Magnetiche di Metallo Proteine; Via Luigi Sacconi 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florence; Via della Lastruccia 3 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
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14
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Cantini F, Banci L. Structural Knowledge for Molecular Optimization: The Cases of Metal-Mediated Protein-Protein Interactions and Structural Vaccinology. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cantini
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM); University of Florence; Via L. Sacconi 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florence; Via della Lastruccia 3 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Lucia Banci
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM); University of Florence; Via L. Sacconi 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florence; Via della Lastruccia 3 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
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15
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Fang T, Tian Y, Yuan S, Sheng Y, Arnesano F, Natile G, Liu Y. Differential Reactivity of Metal Binding Domains of Copper ATPases towards Cisplatin and Colocalization of Copper and Platinum. Chemistry 2018; 24:8999-9003. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Yao Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Siming Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Yaping Sheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Fabio Arnesano
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bari “A. Moro”; via Edoardo Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Giovanni Natile
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bari “A. Moro”; via Edoardo Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Yangzhong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
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16
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Zhou L, Kay KL, Hecht O, Moore GR, Le Brun NE. The N-terminal domains of Bacillus subtilis CopA do not form a stable complex in the absence of their inter-domain linker. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2018; 1866:275-282. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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The Structure of Metal Binding Domain 1 of the Copper Transporter ATP7B Reveals Mechanism of a Singular Wilson Disease Mutation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:581. [PMID: 29330485 PMCID: PMC5766562 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18951-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper-transporter ATP7B maintains copper homeostasis in the human cells and delivers copper to the biosynthetic pathways for incorporation into the newly synthesized copper-containing proteins. ATP7B is a target of several hundred mutations that lead to Wilson disease, a chronic copper toxicosis. ATP7B contains a chain of six cytosolic metal-binding domains (MBDs), the first four of which (MBD1-4) are believed to be regulatory, and the last two (MBD5-6) are required for enzyme activity. We report the NMR structure of MBD1, the last unsolved metal-binding domain of ATP7B. The structure reveals the disruptive mechanism of G85V mutation, one of the very few disease causing missense mutations in the MBD1-4 region of ATP7B.
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18
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Yu CH, Dolgova NV, Dmitriev OY. Dynamics of the metal binding domains and regulation of the human copper transporters ATP7B and ATP7A. IUBMB Life 2017; 69:226-235. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.1611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Corey H. Yu
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Saskatchewan; Saskatoon SK Canada
| | - Natalia V. Dolgova
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Saskatchewan; Saskatoon SK Canada
| | - Oleg Y. Dmitriev
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Saskatchewan; Saskatoon SK Canada
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19
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The Role of Copper Chaperone Atox1 in Coupling Redox Homeostasis to Intracellular Copper Distribution. Antioxidants (Basel) 2016; 5:antiox5030025. [PMID: 27472369 PMCID: PMC5039574 DOI: 10.3390/antiox5030025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Human antioxidant protein 1 (Atox1) is a small cytosolic protein with an essential role in copper homeostasis. Atox1 functions as a copper carrier facilitating copper transfer to the secretory pathway. This process is required for activation of copper dependent enzymes involved in neurotransmitter biosynthesis, iron efflux, neovascularization, wound healing, and regulation of blood pressure. Recently, new cellular roles for Atox1 have emerged. Changing levels of Atox1 were shown to modulate response to cancer therapies, contribute to inflammatory response, and protect cells against various oxidative stresses. It has also become apparent that the activity of Atox1 is tightly linked to the cellular redox status. In this review, we summarize biochemical information related to a dual role of Atox1 as a copper chaperone and an antioxidant. We discuss how these two activities could be linked and contribute to establishing the intracellular copper balance and functional identity of cells during differentiation.
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20
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Meng D, Bruschweiler-Li L, Zhang F, Brüschweiler R. Modulation and Functional Role of the Orientations of the N- and P-Domains of Cu+-Transporting ATPase along the Ion Transport Cycle. Biochemistry 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Meng
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Lei Bruschweiler-Li
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Fengli Zhang
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Rafael Brüschweiler
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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21
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Xi Z, Shi C, Tian C, Liu Y. Conserved residue modulates copper-binding properties through structural dynamics in human copper chaperone Atox1. Metallomics 2014; 5:1566-73. [PMID: 24056613 DOI: 10.1039/c3mt00190c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The human copper chaperone Atox1 plays a central role in the transport of copper in cells. It has been reported that the conserved residue Lys60 contributes to the heterocomplex stability of Atox1 with its target protein ATPase, and that the K60A mutation could diminish the copper transfer. In this work, we carried out the structure determination and dynamic analysis of Atox1 with the K60A mutation in order to elucidate the role of the conserved residue Lys60 in the copper transport. Results show that the K60A mutation results in crucial secondary structure rearrangements and side-chain orientation alteration of the metal-binding residues in Atox1. Protein dynamic studies reveal that the K60A mutation leads to increased overall flexibility, and a significant difference in dynamic properties of the metal-binding sites. The structure and dynamic changes cause a decrease in the copper-binding stability of the K60A mutant. In addition, Cu(i)-mediated hetero-protein interactions with ATP7A are present in the metal transfer of both Atox1 variants, although copper transfer is accompanied with smaller structural alteration in the K60A mutant. These results indicate that Lys60 is crucial in maintaining the structure and dynamic properties of Atox1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyong Xi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
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22
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Scheiber IF, Mercer JF, Dringen R. Metabolism and functions of copper in brain. Prog Neurobiol 2014; 116:33-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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23
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Galliani A, Losacco M, Lasorsa A, Natile G, Arnesano F. Cisplatin handover between copper transporters: the effect of reducing agents. J Biol Inorg Chem 2014; 19:705-14. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-014-1138-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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24
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Chen P, Keller AM, Joshi CP, Martell DJ, Andoy NM, Benítez JJ, Chen TY, Santiago AG, Yang F. Single-molecule dynamics and mechanisms of metalloregulators and metallochaperones. Biochemistry 2013; 52:7170-83. [PMID: 24053279 DOI: 10.1021/bi400597v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how cells regulate and transport metal ions is an important goal in the field of bioinorganic chemistry, a frontier research area that resides at the interface of chemistry and biology. This Current Topic reviews recent advances from the authors' group in using single-molecule fluorescence imaging techniques to identify the mechanisms of metal homeostatic proteins, including metalloregulators and metallochaperones. It emphasizes the novel mechanistic insights into how dynamic protein-DNA and protein-protein interactions offer efficient pathways via which MerR-family metalloregulators and copper chaperones can fulfill their functions. This work also summarizes other related single-molecule studies of bioinorganic systems and provides an outlook toward single-molecule imaging of metalloprotein functions in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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25
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Pitts AL, Hall MB. Investigating the Electronic Structure of the Atox1 Copper(I) Transfer Mechanism with Density Functional Theory. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:10387-93. [DOI: 10.1021/ic401106z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L. Pitts
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
| | - Michael B. Hall
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
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26
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Badarau A, Baslé A, Firbank SJ, Dennison C. Crosstalk between Cu(I) and Zn(II) homeostasis via Atx1 and cognate domains. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:8000-2. [PMID: 23926594 PMCID: PMC3763678 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc42709a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The copper metallochaperone Atx1 and the N-terminal metal-binding domain of a copper-transporting ATP-ase can form tight Zn(II)-mediated hetero-complexes in both cyanobacteria and humans. Copper and zinc homeostasis could be linked by metal binding to these CXXC-containing proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Badarau
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
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27
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Łuczkowski M, Zeider BA, Hinz AVH, Stachura M, Chakraborty S, Hemmingsen L, Huffman DL, Pecoraro VL. Probing the coordination environment of the human copper chaperone HAH1: characterization of Hg(II)-bridged homodimeric species in solution. Chemistry 2013; 19:9042-9. [PMID: 23677531 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201204184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Although metal ion homeostasis in cells is often mediated through metallochaperones, there are opportunities for toxic metals to be sequestered through the existing transport apparatus. Proper trafficking of Cu(I) in human cells is partially achieved through complexation by HAH1, the human metallochaperone responsible for copper delivery to the Wilson and Menkes ATPase located in the trans-Golgi apparatus. In addition to binding copper, HAH1 strongly complexes Hg(II), with the X-ray structure of this complex previously described. It is important to clarify the solution behavior of these systems and, therefore, the binding of Hg(II) to HAH1 was probed over the pH range 7.5 to 9.4 using (199)Hg NMR, (199m)Hg PAC and UV-visible spectroscopies. The metal-dependent protein association over this pH range was examined using analytical gel-filtration. It can be concluded that at pH 7.5, Hg(II) is bound to a monomeric HAH1 as a two coordinate, linear complex (HgS2), like the Hg(II)-Atx1 X-ray structure (PDB ID: 1CC8). At pH 9.4, Hg(II) promotes HAH1 association, leading to formation of HgS3 and HgS4 complexes, which are in exchange on the μs-ns time scale. Thus, structures that may represent central intermediates in the process of metal ion transfer, as well as their exchange kinetics have been characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Łuczkowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, USA
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28
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Banci L, Cantini F, Kozyreva T, Rubino JT. Mechanistic aspects of hSOD1 maturation from the solution structure of Cu(I) -loaded hCCS domain 1 and analysis of disulfide-free hSOD1 mutants. Chembiochem 2013; 14:1839-44. [PMID: 23625804 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) maturation within the cell is mainly accomplished with the SOD1-specific chaperone, CCS, a dimeric protein with three distinct domains in each monomer. We recently showed that the first domain of human CCS (hCCSD1) is responsible for copper transfer to its protein partner, human SOD1 (hSOD1). The NMR solution structure of the copper(I)-loaded form of hCCSD1 reported here contributes further to characterization of the copper-transfer mechanism to hSOD1. NMR spectroscopy was also used to examine the hSOD1 mutants C57A, C146A, and C57A/C146A, which are unable to form the structurally conserved disulfide bond in SOD1, in order to investigate the role of these cysteines during hSOD1 copper acquisition. Together, the information on both hCCS and hSOD1, along with a sequence analysis of eukaryotic CCSD1, allows us to propose important mechanistic aspects regarding the copper-transfer process from hCCS to hSOD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Banci
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Italy); Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Italy); Fondazione Farmacogenomica FiorGen onlus Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (Italy).
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29
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Arumugam K, Crouzy S. Dynamics and Stability of the Metal Binding Domains of the Menkes ATPase and Their Interaction with Metallochaperone HAH1. Biochemistry 2012; 51:8885-906. [DOI: 10.1021/bi300669e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Arumugam
- Commissariat
à l’Energie Atomique/CNRS/Université Joseph Fourier,
CEA, iRTSV, LCBM, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Serge Crouzy
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux,
CEA, iRTSV, LCBM, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique/CNRS/Université
Joseph Fourier, UMR 5249, 17 rue des martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex
09, France
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30
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Schushan M, Bhattacharjee A, Ben-Tal N, Lutsenko S. A structural model of the copper ATPase ATP7B to facilitate analysis of Wilson disease-causing mutations and studies of the transport mechanism. Metallomics 2012; 4:669-78. [PMID: 22692182 DOI: 10.1039/c2mt20025b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The copper-transporting ATPase ATP7B has an essential role in human physiology, particularly for the liver and brain function. Inactivation of ATP7B is associated with a severe hepato-neurologic disorder, Wilson disease (WD). Hundreds of WD related mutations have been identified in ATP7B to date. The low frequency and the compound-heterozygous nature of causative mutations complicate the analysis of individual mutants and the establishment of genotype-phenotype correlations. To facilitate studies of disease-causing mutations and mechanistic understanding of WD, we have homology-modelled the ATP7B core (residues 643-1377) using the recent structure of the bacterial copper-ATPase LCopA as a template. The model, supported by evolutionary conservation and hydrophobicity analysis, as well as existing and new mutagenesis data, allows molecular interpretations of experimentally characterized clinical mutations. We also illustrate that structure and conservation can be used to grade potential deleterious effects for many WD mutations, which were clinically detected but have not yet been experimentally characterized. Finally, we compare the structural features of ATP7B and LCopA and discuss specific features of the eukaryotic copper pump.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Schushan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel.
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31
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Keller AM, Benítez JJ, Klarin D, Zhong L, Goldfogel M, Yang F, Chen TY, Chen P. Dynamic multibody protein interactions suggest versatile pathways for copper trafficking. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:8934-43. [PMID: 22578168 DOI: 10.1021/ja3018835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As part of intracellular copper trafficking pathways, the human copper chaperone Hah1 delivers Cu(+) to the Wilson's Disease Protein (WDP) via weak and dynamic protein-protein interactions. WDP contains six homologous metal binding domains (MBDs) connected by flexible linkers, and these MBDs all can receive Cu(+) from Hah1. The functional roles of the MBD multiplicity in Cu(+) trafficking are not well understood. Building on our previous study of the dynamic interactions between Hah1 and the isolated fourth MBD of WDP, here we study how Hah1 interacts with MBD34, a double-domain WDP construct, using single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) combined with vesicle trapping. By alternating the positions of the smFRET donor and acceptor, we systematically probed Hah1-MBD3, Hah1-MBD4, and MBD3-MBD4 interaction dynamics within the multidomain system. We found that the two interconverting interaction geometries were conserved in both intermolecular Hah1-MBD and intramolecular MBD-MBD interactions. The Hah1-MBD interactions within MBD34 are stabilized by an order of magnitude relative to the isolated single-MBDs, and thermodynamic and kinetic evidence suggest that Hah1 can interact with both MBDs simultaneously. The enhanced interaction stability of Hah1 with the multi-MBD system, the dynamic intramolecular MBD-MBD interactions, and the ability of Hah1 to interact with multiple MBDs simultaneously suggest an efficient and versatile mechanism for the Hah1-to-WDP pathway to transport Cu(+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M Keller
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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32
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Badarau A, Dennison C. Thermodynamics of copper and zinc distribution in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC 6803. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:13007-12. [PMID: 21778408 PMCID: PMC3156197 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1101448108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper is supplied to plastocyanin for photosynthesis and cytochrome c oxidase for respiration in the thylakoids of Synechocystis PCC 6803 by the membrane-bound P-type ATPases CtaA and PacS, and the metallochaperone Atx1. We have determined the Cu(I) affinities of all of the soluble proteins and domains in this pathway. The Cu(I) affinities of the trafficking proteins range from 5 × 10(16) to 5 × 10(17) M(-1) at pH 7.0, consistent with values for homologues. Unusually, Atx1 binds Cu(I) significantly tighter than the metal-binding domains (MBDs) of CtaA and PacS (CtaA(N) and PacS(N)), and equilibrium copper exchange constants of approximately 0.2 are obtained for transfer to the MBDs. Dimerization of Atx1 increases the affinity for Cu(I), but the loop 5 His61 residue has little influence. The MBD of the zinc exporter ZiaA (ZiaA(N)) exhibits an almost identical Cu(I) affinity, and Cu(I) exchange with Atx1, as CtaA(N) and PacS(N), and the relative stabilities of the complexes must enable the metallochaperone to distinguish between the MBDs. The binding of potentially competing zinc to the trafficking proteins has been studied. ZiaA(N) has the highest Zn(II) affinity and thermodynamics could be important for zinc removal from the cell. Plastocyanin has a Cu(I) affinity of 2.6 × 10(17) M(-1), 15-fold tighter than that of the Cu(A) site of cytochrome c oxidase, highlighting the need for specific mechanisms to ensure copper delivery to both of these targets. The narrow range of Cu(I) affinities for the cytoplasmic copper proteins in Synechocystis will facilitate relocation when copper is limiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Badarau
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Dennison
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
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33
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Benítez JJ, Keller AM, Huffman DL, Yatsunyk LA, Rosenzweig AC, Chen P. Relating dynamic protein interactions of metallochaperones with metal transfer at the single-molecule level. Faraday Discuss 2011; 148:71-82; discussion 97-108. [PMID: 21322478 DOI: 10.1039/c004913a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Metallochaperones undertake specific interactions with their target proteins to deliver metal ions inside cells. Understanding how these protein interactions are coupled with the underlying metal transfer process is important, but challenging because they are weak and dynamic. Here we use a nanovesicle trapping scheme to enable single-molecule FRET measurements of the weak, dynamic interactions between the copper chaperone Hahl and the fourth metal binding domain (MBD4) of WDP. By monitoring the behaviors of single interacting pairs, we visualize their interactions in real time in both the absence and the presence of various equivalents of Cu(1+). Regardless of the proteins' metallation state, we observe multiple, interconverting interaction complexes between Hah1 and MBD4. Within our experimental limit, the overall interaction geometries of these complexes appear invariable, but their stabilities are dependent on the proteins' metallation state. In apo-holo Hah1-MBD4 interactions, the complexes are stabilized relative to that observed in the apo-apo interactions. This stabilization is indiscernible when Hah1's Cu(1+)-binding is eliminated or when both proteins have Cu(1+) loaded. The nature of this Cu(1+)-induced complex stabilization and of the interaction complexes are discussed. These Cu(1+)-induced effects on the Hah1-MBD4 interactions provide a step toward understanding how the dynamic protein interactions of copper chaperones are coupled with their metal transfer function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime J Benítez
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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34
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In silico modeling of the Menkes copper-translocating P-type ATPase 3rd metal binding domain predicts that phosphorylation regulates copper-binding. Biometals 2011; 24:477-87. [DOI: 10.1007/s10534-011-9410-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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35
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Fatemi N, Korzhnev DM, Velyvis A, Sarkar B, Forman-Kay JD. NMR Characterization of Copper-Binding Domains 4−6 of ATP7B,. Biochemistry 2010; 49:8468-77. [DOI: 10.1021/bi1008535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Negah Fatemi
- Department of Biochemistry
- Program in Molecular Structure and Function, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
| | | | - Algirdas Velyvis
- Department of Biochemistry
- Departments of Chemistry and Medical Genetics
| | - Bibudhendra Sarkar
- Department of Biochemistry
- Program in Molecular Structure and Function, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Julie D. Forman-Kay
- Department of Biochemistry
- Program in Molecular Structure and Function, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
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36
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Banci L, Bertini I, Cantini F, Ciofi-Baffoni S. Cellular copper distribution: a mechanistic systems biology approach. Cell Mol Life Sci 2010; 67:2563-89. [PMID: 20333435 PMCID: PMC11115773 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0330-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2009] [Revised: 01/27/2010] [Accepted: 02/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Copper is an essential but potentially harmful trace element required in many enzymatic processes involving redox chemistry. Cellular copper homeostasis in mammals is predominantly maintained by regulating copper transport through the copper import CTR proteins and the copper exporters ATP7A and ATP7B. Once copper is imported into the cell, several pathways involving a number of copper proteins are responsible for trafficking it specifically where it is required for cellular life, thus avoiding the release of harmful free copper ions. In this study we review recent progress made in understanding the molecular mechanisms of copper transport in cells by analyzing structural features of copper proteins, their mode of interaction, and their thermodynamic and kinetic parameters, thus contributing to systems biology of copper within the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Banci
- Department of Chemistry, Magnetic Resonance Center CERM, University of Florence, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence Italy
| | - Ivano Bertini
- Department of Chemistry, Magnetic Resonance Center CERM, University of Florence, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence Italy
| | - Francesca Cantini
- Department of Chemistry, Magnetic Resonance Center CERM, University of Florence, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence Italy
| | - Simone Ciofi-Baffoni
- Department of Chemistry, Magnetic Resonance Center CERM, University of Florence, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence Italy
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37
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Rodriguez-Granillo A, Crespo A, Estrin DA, Wittung-Stafshede P. Copper-transfer mechanism from the human chaperone Atox1 to a metal-binding domain of Wilson disease protein. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:3698-706. [PMID: 20166696 DOI: 10.1021/jp911208z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The molecular details of how copper (Cu) is transferred from the human Cu chaperone Atox1 to metal-binding domains (MBDs) of P(1B)-type ATPases are still unclear. Here, we use a computational approach, employing quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) methods, to shed light on the reaction mechanism [probable intermediates, Cu(I) coordination geometries, activation barriers, and energetics] of Cu(I) transfer from Atox1 to the fourth MBD of Wilson disease protein (WD4). Both Atox1 and WD4 have solvent-exposed metal-binding motifs with two Cys residues that coordinate Cu(I). After assessing the existence of all possible 2-, 3- and 4-coordinate Cu-intermediate species, one dominant reaction path emerged. First, without activation barrier, WD4's Cys1 binds Cu(I) in Atox1 to form a 3-coordinated intermediate. Next, with an activation barrier of about 9.5 kcal/mol, a second 3-coordinated intermediate forms that involves both of the Cys residues in WD4 and Cys1 of Atox1. This species can then form the product by decoordination of Atox1's Cys1 (barrier of about 8 kcal/mol). Overall, the Cu-transfer reaction from Atox1 to WD4 appears to be kinetically accessible but less energetically favorable (DeltaE = 7.7 kcal/mol). Our results provide unique insights into the molecular mechanism of protein-mediated Cu(I) transfer in the secretory pathway and are in agreement with existing experimental data.
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38
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Rodriguez-Granillo A, Crespo A, Wittung-Stafshede P. Interdomain Interactions Modulate Collective Dynamics of the Metal-Binding Domains in the Wilson Disease Protein. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:1836-48. [DOI: 10.1021/jp909450x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Agustina Rodriguez-Granillo
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, and Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Alejandro Crespo
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, and Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Wittung-Stafshede
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, and Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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39
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Banci L, Bertini I, McGreevy KS, Rosato A. Molecular recognition in copper trafficking. Nat Prod Rep 2010; 27:695-710. [DOI: 10.1039/b906678k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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40
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Lutsenko S, Bhattacharjee A, Hubbard AL. Copper handling machinery of the brain. Metallomics 2010; 2:596-608. [DOI: 10.1039/c0mt00006j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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41
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Barry AN, Shinde U, Lutsenko S. Structural organization of human Cu-transporting ATPases: learning from building blocks. J Biol Inorg Chem 2009; 15:47-59. [PMID: 19851794 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-009-0595-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2009] [Accepted: 09/28/2009] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Copper-transporting ATPases (Cu-ATPases) ATP7A and ATP7B play an essential role in human physiological function. Their primary function is to deliver copper to the secretory pathway and export excess copper from the cell for removal or further utilization. Cells employ Cu-ATPases in numerous physiological processes that include the biosynthesis of copper-dependent enzymes, lactation, and response to hypoxia. Biochemical studies of human Cu-ATPases and their orthologs have demonstrated that Cu-ATPases share many common structural and mechanistic characteristics with other members of the P-type ATPase family. Nevertheless, the Cu-ATPases have a unique coordinate environment for their ligands, copper and ATP, and additional domains that are required for sophisticated regulation of their intracellular localization and activity. Here, we review recent progress that has been made in understanding the structure of Cu-ATPases from the analysis of their individual domains and orthologs from microorganisms, and speculate about the implications of these findings for the function and regulation of human copper pumps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda N Barry
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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42
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Copper(I)-mediated protein–protein interactions result from suboptimal interaction surfaces. Biochem J 2009; 422:37-42. [DOI: 10.1042/bj20090422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The homoeostasis of metal ions in cells is the result of the contribution of several cellular pathways that involve transient, often weak, protein–protein interactions. Metal transfer typically implies the formation of adducts where the metal itself acts as a bridge between proteins, by co-ordinating residues of both interacting partners. In the present study we address the interaction between the human copper(I)-chaperone HAH1 (human ATX1 homologue) and a metal-binding domain in one of its partners, namely the P-type copper-transporting ATPase, ATP7A (ATPase, Cu+ transporting, α polypeptide). The adduct was structurally characterized in solution, in the presence of copper(I), and through X-ray crystallography, upon replacing copper(I) with cadmium(II). Further insight was obtained through molecular modelling techniques and site-directed mutagenesis. It was found that the interaction involves a relatively small interface (less than 1000 Å2, 1 Å=0.1 nm) with a low fraction of non-polar atoms. These observations provide a possible explanation for the low affinity of the two apoproteins. It appears that electrostatics is important in selecting which domain of the ATPase is able to form detectable amounts of the metal-mediated adduct with HAH1.
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Rodriguez-Granillo A, Crespo A, Wittung-Stafshede P. Conformational Dynamics of Metal-Binding Domains in Wilson Disease Protein: Molecular Insights into Selective Copper Transfer. Biochemistry 2009; 48:5849-63. [DOI: 10.1021/bi900235g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alejandro Crespo
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, 77005 Texas
| | - Pernilla Wittung-Stafshede
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, Houston, 77251 Texas
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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Banci L, Bertini I, Cantini F, Massagni C, Migliardi M, Rosato A. An NMR study of the interaction of the N-terminal cytoplasmic tail of the Wilson disease protein with copper(I)-HAH1. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:9354-60. [PMID: 19181666 PMCID: PMC2666587 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m805981200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2008] [Revised: 01/30/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP7B is a human P(1B)-type ATPase that has a crucial role in maintaining copper(I) homeostasis. Mutations in the corresponding gene are the cause of Wilson disease. Among its various distinguishing features is a long ( approximately 630 amino acids) N-terminal cytosolic tail containing six domains that are individually folded and capable of binding one copper(I) ion each. We expressed the entire tail as a single construct in Escherichia coli and investigated its interaction with its copper chaperone (i.e. HAH1) by solution NMR spectroscopy. We observed that all six of the metal-binding domains were metallated by Cu(I)-HAH1, with the first, the second, and the fourth domains forming an adduct with it. This behavior is different from that of the highly similar human ATPase ATP7A, in which only two domains form such an adduct. The distinct behaviors of the different domains were analyzed in terms of the energetics of Cu(I) transfer, hinting at a specific role of the interaction with copper(I)-HAH1 in the overall functional process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Banci
- Magnetic Resonance Center, University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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45
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Banci L, Bertini I, Ciofi-Baffoni S. Copper trafficking in biology: an NMR approach. HFSP JOURNAL 2009; 3:165-75. [PMID: 19949444 DOI: 10.2976/1.3078306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2009] [Accepted: 01/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Copper ions are essential for living organisms because they are involved in several fundamental biological processes. Biomolecules interacting with copper ions have to be characterized as such, when bound to the metal ion, and when they interact with other biomolecules or substrates. The characterization is both structural and dynamic. In this context, NMR is a preferred tool of investigation because it allows shedding light on what happens in solution. Here, the NMR contribution to the copper trafficking is described, providing precious information on biochemical pathways, which are essential to understand the mechanisms of life at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Banci
- Department of Chemistry, and Magnetic Resonance Center CERM, University of Florence, Scientific Campus, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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46
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Ma J, Xia D. The use of blue native PAGE in the evaluation of membrane protein aggregation states for crystallization. J Appl Crystallogr 2008; 41:1150-1160. [PMID: 19529836 DOI: 10.1107/s0021889808033797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2008] [Accepted: 10/16/2008] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Crystallization has long been one of the bottlenecks in obtaining structural information at atomic resolution for membrane proteins. This is largely due to difficulties in obtaining high-quality protein samples. One frequently used indicator of protein quality for successful crystallization is the monodispersity of proteins in solution, which is conventionally obtained by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) or by dynamic light scattering (DLS). Although useful in evaluating the quality of soluble proteins, these methods are not always applicable to membrane proteins either because of the interference from detergent micelles or because of the requirement for large sample quantities. Here, the use of blue native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE) to assess aggregation states of membrane protein samples is reported. A strong correlation is demonstrated between the monodispersity measured by BN-PAGE and the propensity for crystallization of a number of soluble and membrane protein complexes. Moreover, it is shown that there is a direct correspondence between the oligomeric states of proteins as measured by BN-PAGE and those obtained from their crystalline forms. When applied to a membrane protein with unknown structure, BN-PAGE was found to be useful and efficient for selecting well behaved proteins from various constructs and in screening detergents. Comparisons of BN-PAGE with DLS and SEC are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichun Ma
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Drive, Building 37, Room 2122C, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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47
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Banci L, Bertini I, Cantini F, Rosenzweig AC, Yatsunyk LA. Metal binding domains 3 and 4 of the Wilson disease protein: solution structure and interaction with the copper(I) chaperone HAH1. Biochemistry 2008; 47:7423-9. [PMID: 18558714 DOI: 10.1021/bi8004736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The Wilson disease protein or ATP7B is a P 1B-type ATPase involved in human copper homeostasis. The extended N-terminus of ATP7B protrudes into the cytosol and contains six Cu(I) binding domains. This report presents the NMR structure of the polypeptide consisting of soluble Cu(I) binding domains 3 and 4. The two domains exhibit ferredoxin-like folds, are linked by a flexible loop, and act independently of one another. Domains 3 and 4 tend to aggregate in a concentration-dependent manner involving nonspecific intermolecular interactions. Both domains can be loaded with Cu(I) when provided as an acetonitrile complex or by the chaperone HAH1. HAH1 forms a 70% complex with domain 4 that is in fast exchange with the free protein in solution. The ability of HAH1 to form a complex only with some domains of ATP7B is an interesting property of this class of proteins and may have a signaling role in the function of the ATPases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Banci
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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48
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Cellular multitasking: the dual role of human Cu-ATPases in cofactor delivery and intracellular copper balance. Arch Biochem Biophys 2008; 476:22-32. [PMID: 18534184 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2008.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2008] [Revised: 05/06/2008] [Accepted: 05/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The human copper-transporting ATPases (Cu-ATPases) are essential for dietary copper uptake, normal development and function of the CNS, and regulation of copper homeostasis in the body. In a cell, Cu-ATPases maintain the intracellular concentration of copper by transporting copper into intracellular exocytic vesicles. In addition, these P-type ATPases mediate delivery of copper to copper-dependent enzymes in the secretory pathway and in specialized cell compartments such as secretory granules or melanosomes. The multiple functions of human Cu-ATPase necessitate complex regulation of these transporters that is mediated through the presence of regulatory domains in their structure, posttranslational modification and intracellular trafficking, as well as interactions with the copper chaperone Atox1 and other regulatory molecules. In this review, we summarize the current information on the function and regulatory mechanisms acting on human Cu-ATPases ATP7A and ATP7B. Brief comparison with the Cu-ATPase orthologs from other species is included.
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Benítez JJ, Keller AM, Ochieng P, Yatsunyk LA, Huffman DL, Rosenzweig AC, Chen P. Probing transient copper chaperone-Wilson disease protein interactions at the single-molecule level with nanovesicle trapping. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:2446-7. [PMID: 18247622 DOI: 10.1021/ja7107867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaime J Benítez
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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50
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Interaction of the two soluble metal-binding domains of yeast Ccc2 with copper(I)–Atx1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 364:645-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2007] [Accepted: 10/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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